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Pierzynowska K, Morcinek-Orłowska J, Gaffke L, Jaroszewicz W, Skowron PM, Węgrzyn G. Applications of the phage display technology in molecular biology, biotechnology and medicine. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024; 50:450-490. [PMID: 37270791 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2219741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The phage display technology is based on the presentation of peptide sequences on the surface of virions of bacteriophages. Its development led to creation of sophisticated systems based on the possibility of the presentation of a huge variability of peptides, attached to one of proteins of bacteriophage capsids. The use of such systems allowed for achieving enormous advantages in the processes of selection of bioactive molecules. In fact, the phage display technology has been employed in numerous fields of biotechnology, as diverse as immunological and biomedical applications (in both diagnostics and therapy), the formation of novel materials, and many others. In this paper, contrary to many other review articles which were focussed on either specific display systems or the use of phage display in selected fields, we present a comprehensive overview of various possibilities of applications of this technology. We discuss an usefulness of the phage display technology in various fields of science, medicine and the broad sense of biotechnology. This overview indicates the spread and importance of applications of microbial systems (exemplified by the phage display technology), pointing to the possibility of developing such sophisticated tools when advanced molecular methods are used in microbiological studies, accompanied with understanding of details of structures and functions of microbial entities (bacteriophages in this case).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Weronika Jaroszewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr M Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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2
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Wang H, Yang Y, Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhang W, Liu T, Chen G, Wang K. Phage-based delivery systems: engineering, applications, and challenges in nanomedicines. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:365. [PMID: 38918839 PMCID: PMC11197292 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) represent a unique category of viruses with a remarkable ability to selectively infect host bacteria, characterized by their assembly from proteins and nucleic acids. Leveraging their exceptional biological properties and modifiable characteristics, phages emerge as innovative, safe, and efficient delivery vectors. The potential drawbacks associated with conventional nanocarriers in the realms of drug and gene delivery include a lack of cell-specific targeting, cytotoxicity, and diminished in vivo transfection efficiency. In contrast, engineered phages, when employed as cargo delivery vectors, hold the promise to surmount these limitations and attain enhanced delivery efficacy. This review comprehensively outlines current strategies for the engineering of phages, delineates the principal types of phages utilized as nanocarriers in drug and gene delivery, and explores the application of phage-based delivery systems in disease therapy. Additionally, an incisive analysis is provided, critically examining the challenges confronted by phage-based delivery systems within the domain of nanotechnology. The primary objective of this article is to furnish a theoretical reference that contributes to the reasoned design and development of potent phage-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266024, China
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266024, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Gang Chen
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266024, China.
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266024, China.
| | - Kaikai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Sharifi M, Alizadeh AA, Mivehroud MH, Dastmalchi S. Construction of a bacteriophage-derived vector with potential applications in targeted drug delivery and cell imaging. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:147-159. [PMID: 38184487 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
There is a strong relationship between the dysregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the development of epithelial-derived cancers. Therefore, EGFR has usually been considered the desired target for gene therapy. Here, we propose an approach for targeting EGFR-expressing cells by phage particles capable of displaying EGF and GFP as tumor-targeting and reporting elements, respectively. For this purpose, the superfolder GFP-EGF (sfGFP-EGF) coding sequence was inserted at the N-terminus of the pIII gene in the pIT2 phagemid. The capability of the constructed phage to recognize EGFR-overexpressing cells was monitored by fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and cell-based ELISA experiments. FACS analysis showed a significant shift in the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the cells treated with phage displaying sfGFP-EGF compared to phage displaying only sfGFP. The binding of phage displaying sfGFP-EGF to A-431 cells, monitored by fluorescence microscopy, indicated the formation of the sfGFP-EGF-EGFR complex on the surface of the treated cells. Cell-based ELISA experiments showed that phages displaying either EGF or sfGFP-EGF can specifically bind EGFR-expressing cells. The vector constructed in the current study has the potential to be engineered for gene delivery purposes as well as cell-based imaging for tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeh Mivehroud
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Po. Box: 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey.
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Al‐Bahrani M, Asavarut P, Waramit S, Suwan K, Hajitou A. Transmorphic phage-guided systemic delivery of TNFα gene for the treatment of human pediatric medulloblastoma. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23038. [PMID: 37331004 PMCID: PMC10947044 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300045r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood brain tumor with an unfavorable prognosis and limited options of harmful treatments that are associated with devastating long-term side effects. Therefore, the development of safe, noninvasive, and effective therapeutic approaches is required to save the quality of life of young medulloblastoma survivors. We postulated that therapeutic targeting is a solution. Thus, we used a recently designed tumor-targeted bacteriophage (phage)-derived particle, named transmorphic phage/AAV, TPA, to deliver a transgene expressing the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) for targeted systemic therapy of medulloblastoma. This vector was engineered to display the double-cyclic RGD4C ligand to selectively target tumors after intravenous administration. Furthermore, the lack of native phage tropism in mammalian cells warrants safe and selective systemic delivery to the tumor microenvironment. In vitro RGD4C.TPA.TNFα treatment of human medulloblastoma cells generated efficient and selective TNFα expression, subsequently triggering cell death. Combination with the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin used clinically against medulloblastoma resulted in augmented effect through the enhancement of TNFα gene expression. Systemic administration of RGD4C.TPA.TNFα to mice-bearing subcutaneous medulloblastoma xenografts resulted in selective tumor homing of these particles and consequently, targeted tumor expression of TNFα, apoptosis, and destruction of the tumor vasculature. Thus, our RGD4C.TPA.TNFα particle provides selective and efficient systemic delivery of TNFα to medulloblastoma, yielding a potential TNFα anti-medulloblastoma therapy while sparing healthy tissues from the systemic toxicity of this cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Al‐Bahrani
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Present address:
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesKuwait UniversityKuwait CityKuwait
| | - Paladd Asavarut
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sajee Waramit
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
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Kumar M, Parkhey P, Mishra SK, Paul PK, Singh A, Singh V. Phage for drug delivery vehicles. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 201:191-201. [PMID: 37770171 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Viruses being the natural carriers of gene have been widely used as drug delivery systems. However, the commonly used eukaryotic viruses such as adenoviruses, retroviruses, and lentiviruses, besides efficiently targeting the cells, can also stimulate immunological response or disrupt tumour suppressor genes leading to cancer. Consequently, there has been an increase interest in the scientific fraternity towards exploring other alternatives, which are safer and equally efficient for drug delivery. Bacteriophages, in this context have been at the forefront as an efficient, reliable, and safer choice. Novel phage dependent technologies led the foundation of peptide libraries and provides way to recognising abilities and targeting of specific ligands. Hybridisation of phage with inorganic complexes could be an appropriate strategy for the construction of carrying bioinorganic carriers. In this chapter, we have tried to cover major advances in the phage species that can be used as drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Piyush Parkhey
- Techno-Commercial Division, Trinity International, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Prabir Kumar Paul
- Department of Biotechnology Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut, U.P., India
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
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Meskher H, Mustansar HC, Thakur AK, Sathyamurthy R, Lynch I, Singh P, Han TK, Saidur R. Recent trends in carbon nanotube (CNT)-based biosensors for the fast and sensitive detection of human viruses: a critical review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:992-1010. [PMID: 36798507 PMCID: PMC9926911 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic, with its numerous variants including Omicron which is 50-70% more transmissible than the previously dominant Delta variant, demands a fast, robust, cheap, and easily deployed identification strategy to reduce the chain of transmission, for which biosensors have been shown as a feasible solution at the laboratory scale. The use of nanomaterials has significantly enhanced the performance of biosensors, and the addition of CNTs has increased detection capabilities to an unrivaled level. Among the various CNT-based detection systems, CNT-based field-effect transistors possess ultra-sensitivity and low-noise detection capacity, allowing for immediate analyte determination even in the presence of limited analyte concentrations, which would be typical of early infection stages. Recently, CNT field-effect transistor-type biosensors have been successfully used in the fast diagnosis of COVID-19, which has increased research and commercial interest in exploiting current developments of CNT field-effect transistors. Recent progress in the design and deployment of CNT-based biosensors for viral monitoring are covered in this paper, as are the remaining obstacles and prospects. This work also highlights the enormous potential for synergistic effects of CNTs used in combination with other nanomaterials for viral detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Meskher
- Department of Process Engineering, Kasdi-Merbah University Ouargla 30000 Algeria
| | | | - Amrit Kumar Thakur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Arasur Coimbatore 641407 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ravishankar Sathyamurthy
- Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Punit Singh
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University Mathura Uttar Pradesh 281406 India
| | - Tan Kim Han
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway Petaling Jaya 47500 Malaysia
| | - Rahman Saidur
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway Petaling Jaya 47500 Malaysia
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7
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Bacteriophage-Mediated Cancer Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214245. [PMID: 36430720 PMCID: PMC9697857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages have long been considered only as infectious agents that affect bacterial hosts. However, recent studies provide compelling evidence that these viruses are able to successfully interact with eukaryotic cells at the levels of the binding, entry and expression of their own genes. Currently, bacteriophages are widely used in various areas of biotechnology and medicine, but the most intriguing of them is cancer therapy. There are increasing studies confirming the efficacy and safety of using phage-based vectors as a systemic delivery vehicle of therapeutic genes and drugs in cancer therapy. Engineered bacteriophages, as well as eukaryotic viruses, demonstrate a much greater efficiency of transgene delivery and expression in cancer cells compared to non-viral gene transfer methods. At the same time, phage-based vectors, in contrast to eukaryotic viruses-based vectors, have no natural tropism to mammalian cells and, as a result, provide more selective delivery of therapeutic cargos to target cells. Moreover, numerous data indicate the presence of more complex molecular mechanisms of interaction between bacteriophages and eukaryotic cells, the further study of which is necessary both for the development of gene therapy methods and for understanding the cancer nature. In this review, we summarize the key results of research into aspects of phage-eukaryotic cell interaction and, in particular, the use of phage-based vectors for highly selective and effective systemic cancer gene therapy.
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Asavarut P, Waramit S, Suwan K, Marais GJK, Chongchai A, Benjathummarak S, Al‐Bahrani M, Vila‐Gomez P, Williams M, Kongtawelert P, Yata T, Hajitou A. Systemically targeted cancer immunotherapy and gene delivery using transmorphic particles. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15418. [PMID: 35758207 PMCID: PMC9358398 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202115418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a powerful tool for cancer treatment, but the pleiotropic nature of cytokines and immunological agents strongly limits clinical translation and safety. To address this unmet need, we designed and characterised a systemically targeted cytokine gene delivery system through transmorphic encapsidation of human recombinant adeno-associated virus DNA using coat proteins from a tumour-targeted bacteriophage (phage). We show that Transmorphic Phage/AAV (TPA) particles provide superior delivery of transgenes over current phage-derived vectors through greater diffusion across the extracellular space and improved intracellular trafficking. We used TPA to target the delivery of cytokine-encoding transgenes for interleukin-12 (IL12), and novel isoforms of IL15 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF α ) for tumour immunotherapy. Our results demonstrate selective and efficient gene delivery and immunotherapy against solid tumours in vivo, without harming healthy organs. Our transmorphic particle system provides a promising modality for safe and effective gene delivery, and cancer immunotherapies through cross-species complementation of two commonly used viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paladd Asavarut
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sajee Waramit
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gert J K Marais
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Aitthiphon Chongchai
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Thailand Excellence Centre for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Surachet Benjathummarak
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Center of Excellence for Antibody Research, Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Mariam Al‐Bahrani
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paula Vila‐Gomez
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Centre for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Present address:
Department of PhysiologyChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
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Davenport BJ, Catala A, Weston SM, Johnson RM, Ardanuy J, Hammond HL, Dillen C, Frieman MB, Catalano CE, Morrison TE. Phage-like particle vaccines are highly immunogenic and protect against pathogenic coronavirus infection and disease. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:57. [PMID: 35618725 PMCID: PMC9135756 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The response by vaccine developers to the COVID-19 pandemic has been extraordinary with effective vaccines authorized for emergency use in the United States within 1 year of the appearance of the first COVID-19 cases. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and obstacles with the global rollout of new vaccines highlight the need for platforms that are amenable to rapid tuning and stable formulation to facilitate the logistics of vaccine delivery worldwide. We developed a "designer nanoparticle" platform using phage-like particles (PLPs) derived from bacteriophage lambda for a multivalent display of antigens in rigorously defined ratios. Here, we engineered PLPs that display the receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein from SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, alone (RBDSARS-PLPs and RBDMERS-PLPs) and in combination (hCoV-RBD PLPs). Functionalized particles possess physiochemical properties compatible with pharmaceutical standards and retain antigenicity. Following primary immunization, BALB/c mice immunized with RBDSARS- or RBDMERS-PLPs display serum RBD-specific IgG endpoint and live virus neutralization titers that, in the case of SARS-CoV-2, were comparable to those detected in convalescent plasma from infected patients. Further, these antibody levels remain elevated up to 6 months post-prime. In dose-response studies, immunization with as little as one microgram of RBDSARS-PLPs elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses. Finally, animals immunized with RBDSARS-PLPs, RBDMERS-PLPs, and hCoV-RBD PLPs were protected against SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV lung infection and disease. Collectively, these data suggest that the designer PLP system provides a platform for facile and rapid generation of single and multi-target vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennett J Davenport
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexis Catala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stuart M Weston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert M Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeremy Ardanuy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Holly L Hammond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carly Dillen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew B Frieman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carlos E Catalano
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Thomas E Morrison
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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10
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Fakhiri J, Grimm D. Best of most possible worlds: Hybrid gene therapy vectors based on parvoviruses and heterologous viruses. Mol Ther 2021; 29:3359-3382. [PMID: 33831556 PMCID: PMC8636155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses and especially the adeno-associated virus (AAV) species provide an exciting and versatile platform for the rational design or molecular evolution of human gene-therapy vectors, documented by literature from over half a century, hundreds of clinical trials, and the recent commercialization of multiple AAV gene therapeutics. For the last three decades, the power of these vectors has been further potentiated through various types of hybrid vectors created by intra- or inter-genus juxtaposition of viral DNA and protein cis elements or by synergistic complementation of parvoviral features with those of heterologous, prokaryotic, or eukaryotic viruses. Here, we provide an overview of the history and promise of this rapidly expanding field of hybrid parvoviral gene-therapy vectors, starting with early generations of chimeric particles composed of a recombinant AAV genome encapsidated in shells of synthetic AAVs or of adeno-, herpes-, baculo-, or protoparvoviruses. We then dedicate our attention to two newer, highly promising types of hybrid vectors created via (1) pseudotyping of AAV genomes with bocaviral serotypes and capsid mutants or (2) packaging of AAV DNA into, or tethering of entire vector particles to, bacteriophages. Finally, we conclude with an outlook summarizing critical requirements and improvements toward clinical translation of these original concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fakhiri
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Grimm
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Phage therapeutics: from promises to practices and prospectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:9047-9067. [PMID: 34821965 PMCID: PMC8852341 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The rise in multi-drug resistant bacteria and the inability to develop novel antibacterial agents limits our arsenal against infectious diseases. Antibiotic resistance is a global issue requiring an immediate solution, including the development of new antibiotic molecules and other alternative modes of therapy. This article highlights the mechanism of bacteriophage treatment that makes it a real solution for multidrug-resistant infectious diseases. Several case reports identified phage therapy as a potential solution to the emerging challenge of multi-drug resistance. Bacteriophages, unlike antibiotics, have special features, such as host specificity and do not impact other commensals. A new outlook has also arisen with recent advancements in the understanding of phage immunobiology, where phages are repurposed against both bacterial and viral infections. Thus, the potential possibility of phages in COVID-19 patients with secondary bacterial infections has been briefly elucidated. However, significant obstacles that need to be addressed are to design better clinical studies that may contribute to the widespread use of bacteriophage therapy against multi-drug resistant pathogens. In conclusion, antibacterial agents can be used with bacteriophages, i.e. bacteriophage-antibiotic combination therapy, or they can be administered alone in cases when antibiotics are ineffective. Key points • AMR, a consequence of antibiotic generated menace globally, has led to the resurgence of phage therapy as an effective and sustainable solution without any side effects and high specificity against refractory MDR bacterial infections. • Bacteriophages have fewer adverse reactions and can thus be used as monotherapy as well as in conjunction with antibiotics. • In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, phage therapy may be a viable option.
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12
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Chen QW, Qiao JY, Liu XH, Zhang C, Zhang XZ. Customized materials-assisted microorganisms in tumor therapeutics. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12576-12615. [PMID: 34605834 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01571g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms have been extensively applied as active biotherapeutic agents or drug delivery vehicles for antitumor treatment because of their unparalleled bio-functionalities. Taking advantage of the living attributes of microorganisms, a new avenue has been opened in anticancer research. The integration of customized functional materials with living microorganisms has demonstrated unprecedented potential in solving existing questions and even conferring microorganisms with updated antitumor abilities and has also provided an innovative train of thought for enhancing the efficacy of microorganism-based tumor therapy. In this review, we have summarized the emerging development of customized materials-assisted microorganisms (MAMO) (including bacteria, viruses, fungi, microalgae, as well as their components) in tumor therapeutics with an emphasis on the rational utilization of chosen microorganisms and tailored materials, the ingenious design of biohybrid systems, and the efficacious antitumor mechanisms. The future perspectives and challenges in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Ji-Yan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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13
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Modification of a Tumor-Targeting Bacteriophage for Potential Diagnostic Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216564. [PMID: 34770973 PMCID: PMC8588016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-targeting bacteriophages can be used as a versatile new platform for the delivery of diagnostic imaging agents and therapeutic cargo. This became possible due to the development of viral capsid modification method. Earlier in our laboratory and using phage display technology, phages to malignant breast cancer cells MDA-MB 231 were obtained. The goal of this study was the optimization of phage modification and the assessment of the effect of the latter on the efficiency of phage particle penetration into MDA-MB 231 cells. METHODS In this work, we used several methods, such as chemical phage modification using FAM-NHS ester, spectrophotometry, phage amplification, sequencing, phage titration, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. RESULTS We performed chemical phage modification using different concentrations of FAM-NHS dye (0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 4 mM, 8 mM). It was shown that with an increase of the modification degree, the phage titer decreases. The maximum modification coefficient of the phage envelope with the FAM-NHS dye was observed with 4 mM modifying agent and had approximately 804,2 FAM molecules per phage. Through the immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry methods, it was shown that the modified bacteriophage retains the ability to internalize into MDA-MB-231 cells. The estimation of the number of phages that could have penetrated into one tumor cell was conducted. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing the conditions for phage modification can be an effective strategy for producing tumor-targeting diagnostic and therapeutic agents, i.e., theranostic drugs.
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Alavian F, Ghasemi S. The Effectiveness of Nanoparticles on Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma Cells Apoptosis: A Systematic Review. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:230-245. [PMID: 33655831 DOI: 10.2174/1566523221666210224110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and fatal type of glioma. Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in new approaches for the delivery of gene therapy in the treatment of GBM. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this article was to review the efficacy of NPs as the targeted carriers in the gene therapy aimed at apoptosis in GBM. METHODS The appropriate keywords such as nanoparticle, glioblastoma, gene therapy, apoptosis, and related words were used to search from PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus for relevant publications up to September 4, 2020, with no language restrictions. The present systematic review was performed based on PRISMA protocol and reviewed the articles evaluating the effects of nanoparticles, carriers of various gene therapies essentials, on GBM cells apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The selected articles were considered using specific scores on the quality of the articles. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed by two reviewers. RESULTS Of 101 articles retrieved, forty-two met the inclusion criteria and were, therefore, subjected to the final deduction. The most widely used NP in GBM gene therapy studies is polyamidoamine (PAMAM). The most common gene therapy approach for apoptosis in GBM is using siRNAs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these studies validated that NPs could be a practical choice to enhance the efficiency and specific delivery in gene therapies for GBM cell apoptosis. However, the choice of NP type and gene therapy mechanism affect the GBM cell apoptotic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Alavian
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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15
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Nkanga CI, Steinmetz NF. The pharmacology of plant virus nanoparticles. Virology 2021; 556:39-61. [PMID: 33545555 PMCID: PMC7974633 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanoparticles for medical purposes has made enormous strides in providing new solutions to health problems. The observation that plant virus-based nanoparticles (VNPs) can be repurposed and engineered as smart bio-vehicles for targeted drug delivery and imaging has launched extensive research for improving the therapeutic and diagnostic management of various diseases. There is evidence that VNPs are promising high value nanocarriers with potential for translational development. This is mainly due to their unique features, encompassing structural uniformity, ease of manufacture and functionalization by means of expression, chemical biology and self-assembly. While the development pipeline is moving rapidly, with many reports focusing on engineering and manufacturing aspects to tailor the properties and efficacy of VNPs, fewer studies have focused on gaining insights into the nanotoxicity of this novel platform nanotechnology. Herein, we discuss the pharmacology of VNPs as a function of formulation and route of administration. VNPs are reviewed in the context of their application as therapeutic adjuvants or nanocarrier excipients to initiate, enhance, attenuate or impede the formulation's toxicity. The summary of the data however also underlines the need for meticulous VNP structure-nanotoxicity studies to improve our understanding of their in vivo fates and pharmacological profiles to pave the way for translation of VNP-based formulations into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92039, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Center for NanoImmunoEngineering, Moores Cancer Center, Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92039, United States.
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16
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de la Fuente IF, Sawant SS, Tolentino MQ, Corrigan PM, Rouge JL. Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers. Front Chem 2021; 9:613209. [PMID: 33777893 PMCID: PMC7987652 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.613209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids hold immense potential in combating undruggable, gene-based diseases owing to their high programmability and relative ease of synthesis. While the delivery of this class of therapeutics has successfully entered the clinical setting, extrahepatic targeting, endosomal escape efficiency, and subcellular localization. On the other hand, viruses serve as natural carriers of nucleic acids and have acquired a plethora of structures and mechanisms that confer remarkable transfection efficiency. Thus, understanding the structure and mechanism of viruses can guide the design of synthetic nucleic acid vectors. This review revisits relevant structural and mechanistic features of viruses as design considerations for efficient nucleic acid delivery systems. This article explores how viral ligand display and a metastable structure are central to the molecular mechanisms of attachment, entry, and viral genome release. For comparison, accounted for are details on the design and intracellular fate of existing nucleic acid carriers and nanostructures that share similar and essential features to viruses. The review, thus, highlights unifying themes of viruses and nucleic acid delivery systems such as genome protection, target specificity, and controlled release. Sophisticated viral mechanisms that are yet to be exploited in oligonucleotide delivery are also identified as they could further the development of next-generation nonviral nucleic acid vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jessica L. Rouge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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17
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Controlled-release of free bacteriophage nanoparticles from 3D-plotted hydrogel fibrous structure as potential antibacterial wound dressing. J Control Release 2021; 331:154-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Tsafa E, Bentayebi K, Topanurak S, Yata T, Przystal J, Fongmoon D, Hajji N, Waramit S, Suwan K, Hajitou A. Doxorubicin Improves Cancer Cell Targeting by Filamentous Phage Gene Delivery Vectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7867. [PMID: 33114050 PMCID: PMC7660303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Merging targeted systemic gene delivery and systemic chemotherapy against cancer, chemovirotherapy, has the potential to improve chemotherapy and gene therapy treatments and overcome cancer resistance. We introduced a bacteriophage (phage) vector, named human adeno-associated virus (AAV)/phage or AAVP, for the systemic targeting of therapeutic genes to cancer. The vector was designed as a hybrid between a recombinant adeno-associated virus genome (rAAV) and a filamentous phage capsid. To achieve tumor targeting, we displayed on the phage capsid the double-cyclic CDCRGDCFC (RGD4C) ligand that binds the alpha-V/beta-3 (αvβ3) integrin receptor. Here, we investigated a combination of doxorubicin chemotherapeutic drug and targeted gene delivery by the RGD4C/AAVP vector. Firstly, we showed that doxorubicin boosts transgene expression from the RGD4C/AAVP in two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheres established from human and murine cancer cells, while preserving selective gene delivery by RGD4C/AAVP. Next, we confirmed that doxorubicin does not increase vector attachment to cancer cells nor vector cell entry. In contrast, doxorubicin may alter the intracellular trafficking of the vector by facilitating nuclear accumulation of the RGD4C/AAVP genome through destabilization of the nuclear membrane. Finally, a combination of doxorubicin and RGD4C/AAVP-targeted suicide gene therapy exerts a synergistic effect to destroy human and murine tumor cells in 2D and 3D tumor sphere settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effrosyni Tsafa
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Kaoutar Bentayebi
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Supachai Topanurak
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Justyna Przystal
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Duriya Fongmoon
- Department of Medical Services, Lampang Cancer Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Lampang 52000, Thailand;
| | - Nabil Hajji
- John Fulcher Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | - Sajee Waramit
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (E.T.); (K.B.); (T.Y.); (J.P.); (S.W.)
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19
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In Vitro Assays: Friends or Foes of Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134719. [PMID: 32630650 PMCID: PMC7369778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell membrane is a complex and highly regulated system that is composed of lipid bilayer and proteins. One of the main functions of the cell membrane is the regulation of cell entry. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are defined as peptides that can cross the plasma membrane and deliver their cargo inside the cell. The uptake of a peptide is determined by its sequence and biophysicochemical properties. At the same time, the uptake mechanism and efficiency are shown to be dependent on local peptide concentration, cell membrane lipid composition, characteristics of the cargo, and experimental methodology, suggesting that a highly efficient CPP in one system might not be as productive in another. To better understand the dependence of CPPs on the experimental system, we present a review of the in vitro assays that have been employed in the literature to evaluate CPPs and CPP-cargos. Our comprehensive review suggests that utilization of orthogonal assays will be more effective for deciphering the true ability of CPPs to translocate through the membrane and enter the cell cytoplasm.
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20
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Suwan K, Yata T, Waramit S, Przystal JM, Stoneham CA, Bentayebi K, Asavarut P, Chongchai A, Pothachareon P, Lee KY, Topanurak S, Smith TL, Gelovani JG, Sidman RL, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Hajitou A. Next-generation of targeted AAVP vectors for systemic transgene delivery against cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:18571-18577. [PMID: 31375630 PMCID: PMC6744886 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906653116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage (phage) have attractive advantages as delivery systems compared with mammalian viruses, but have been considered poor vectors because they lack evolved strategies to confront and overcome mammalian cell barriers to infective agents. We reasoned that improved efficacy of delivery might be achieved through structural modification of the viral capsid to avoid pre- and postinternalization barriers to mammalian cell transduction. We generated multifunctional hybrid adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP) particles to enable simultaneous display of targeting ligands on the phage's minor pIII proteins and also degradation-resistance motifs on the very numerous pVIII coat proteins. This genetic strategy of directed evolution bestows a next-generation of AAVP particles that feature resistance to fibrinogen adsorption or neutralizing antibodies and ability to escape endolysosomal degradation. This results in superior gene transfer efficacy in vitro and also in preclinical mouse models of rodent and human solid tumors. Thus, the unique functions of our next-generation AAVP particles enable improved targeted gene delivery to tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Sajee Waramit
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Justyna M Przystal
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte A Stoneham
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaoutar Bentayebi
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Paladd Asavarut
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
| | - Aitthiphon Chongchai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Peraphan Pothachareon
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Koon-Yang Lee
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Supachai Topanurak
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tracey L Smith
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103;
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103;
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom;
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21
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Namdee K, Khongkow M, Boonrungsiman S, Nittayasut N, Asavarut P, Temisak S, Saengkrit N, Puttipipatkhachorn S, Hajitou A, Ruxrungtham K, Yata T. Thermoresponsive Bacteriophage Nanocarrier as a Gene Delivery Vector Targeted to the Gastrointestinal Tract. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:33-44. [PMID: 30195771 PMCID: PMC6023791 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of the gastrointestinal tract as a site for the local delivery of DNA is an exciting prospect. In order to obtain an effective vector capable of delivering a gene of interest to target cells to achieve sufficient and sustained transgene expression, with minimal toxicity, we developed a new generation of filamentous bacteriophage. This particular bacteriophage was genetically engineered to display an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif (an integrin-binding peptide) on the major coat protein pVIII and carry a mammalian DNA cassette. One unanticipated observation is the thermoresponsive behavior of engineered bacteriophage. This finding has led us to simplify the isolation method to purify bacteriophage particles from cell culture supernatant by low-temperature precipitation. Our results showed that, in contrast to non-surface modified, the RGD-modified bacteriophage was successfully used to deliver a transgene to mammalian cells. Our in vitro model of the human intestinal follicle-associated epithelium also demonstrated that bacteriophage particles were stable in simulated gastrointestinal fluids and able to cross the human intestinal barrier. In addition, we confirmed an adjuvant property of the engineered bacteriophage to induce nitric oxide production by macrophages. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the possibility of using bacteriophage for gene transfer in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katawut Namdee
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Mattaka Khongkow
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Naiyaphat Nittayasut
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Paladd Asavarut
- Cancer Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sasithon Temisak
- Bio Analysis Group, Chemical Metrology and Biometry Department, National Institute of Metrology (NIMT), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Nattika Saengkrit
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Satit Puttipipatkhachorn
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Cancer Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kiat Ruxrungtham
- Vaccine and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center (ChulaVRC) and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerapong Yata
- National Nanotechnology Centre (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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22
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Tsafa E, Al-Bahrani M, Bentayebi K, Przystal J, Suwan K, Hajitou A. The natural dietary genistein boosts bacteriophage-mediated cancer cell killing by improving phage-targeted tumor cell transduction. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52135-52149. [PMID: 27437775 PMCID: PMC5239540 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy has long been regarded as a promising treatment for cancer. However, cancer gene therapy is still facing the challenge of targeting gene delivery vectors specifically to tumors when administered via clinically acceptable non-invasive systemic routes (i.e. intravenous). The bacteria virus, bacteriophage (phage), represents a new generation of promising vectors in systemic gene delivery since their targeting can be achieved through phage capsid display ligands, which enable them to home to specific tumor receptors without the need to ablate any native eukaryotic tropism. We have previously reported a tumor specific bacteriophage vector named adeno-associated virus/phage, or AAVP, in which gene expression is under a recombinant human rAAV2 virus genome targeted to tumors via a ligand-directed phage capsid. However, cancer gene therapy with this tumor-targeted vector achieved variable outcomes ranging from tumor regression to no effect in both experimental and natural preclinical models. Herein, we hypothesized that combining the natural dietary genistein, with proven anticancer activity, would improve bacteriophage anticancer safe therapy. We show that combination treatment with genistein and AAVP increased targeted cancer cell killing by AAVP carrying the gene for Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) in 2D tissue cultures and 3D tumor spheroids. We found this increased tumor cell killing was associated with enhanced AAVP-mediated gene expression. Next, we established that genistein protects AAVP against proteasome degradation and enhances vector genome accumulation in the nucleus. Combination of genistein and phage-guided virotherapy is a safe and promising strategy that should be considered in anticancer therapy with AAVP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effrosyni Tsafa
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariam Al-Bahrani
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaoutar Bentayebi
- Biotechnology Laboratory (Medbiotech), Medical and Pharmacy School, University Mohammed V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Justyna Przystal
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Ju Z, Sun W. Drug delivery vectors based on filamentous bacteriophages and phage-mimetic nanoparticles. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1898-1908. [PMID: 29191048 PMCID: PMC8241185 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1410259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of nanomedicine, a mass of nanocarriers have been exploited and utilized for targeted drug delivery, including liposomes, polymers, nanoparticles, viruses, and stem cells. Due to huge surface bearing capacity and flexible genetic engineering property, filamentous bacteriophage and phage-mimetic nanoparticles are attracting more and more attentions. As a rod-like bio-nanofiber without tropism to mammalian cells, filamentous phage can be easily loaded with drugs and directly delivered to the lesion location. In particular, chemical drugs can be conjugated on phage surface by chemical modification, and gene drugs can also be inserted into the genome of phage by recombinant DNA technology. Meanwhile, specific peptides/proteins displayed on the phage surface are able to conjugate with nanoparticles which will endow them specific-targeting and huge drug-loading capacity. Additionally, phage peptides/proteins can directly self-assemble into phage-mimetic nanoparticles which may be applied for self-navigating drug delivery nanovehicles. In this review, we summarize the production of phage particles, the identification of targeting peptides, and the recent applications of filamentous bacteriophages as well as their protein/peptide for targeting drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. The improvement of our understanding of filamentous bacteriophage and phage-mimetic nanoparticles will supply new tools for biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Ju
- Medicine College, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Huaxi university town, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Development Regulation, College of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi university town, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China
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24
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Recent advances in therapeutic delivery systems of bacteriophage and bacteriophage-encoded endolysins. Ther Deliv 2017. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2017-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been the cornerstone of clinical management of bacterial infection since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, their widespread and often indiscriminate use has now led to reports of multidrug resistance becoming globally commonplace. Bacteriophage therapy has undergone a recent revival in battle against pathogenic bacteria, as the self-replicating and co-evolutionary features of these predatory virions offer several advantages over conventional therapeutic agents. In particular, the use of targeted bacteriophage therapy from specialized delivery platforms has shown particular promise owing to the control of delivery location, administration conditions and dosage of the therapeutic cargo. This review presents an overview of the recent formulations and applications of such delivery vehicles as an innovative and elegant tool for bacterial control.
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25
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Czapar AE, Steinmetz NF. Plant viruses and bacteriophages for drug delivery in medicine and biotechnology. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 38:108-116. [PMID: 28426952 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There are a wide variety of synthetic and naturally occurring nanomaterials under development for nanoscale cargo-delivery applications. Viruses play a special role in these developments, because they can be regarded as naturally occurring nanomaterials evolved to package and deliver cargos. While any nanomaterial has its advantage and disadvantages, viral nanoparticles (VNPs), in particular the ones derived from plant viruses and bacteriophages, are attractive options for cargo-delivery as they are biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-infectious to mammals. Their protein-based structures are often understood at atomic resolution and are amenable to modification with atomic-level precision through chemical and genetic engineering. Here we present a focused review of the emerging technology development of plant viruses and bacteriophages targeting human health and agricultural applications. Key target areas of development are their use in chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, pesticide-delivery, gene therapy, vaccine carriers, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Czapar
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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26
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Karimi M, Mirshekari H, Moosavi Basri SM, Bahrami S, Moghoofei M, Hamblin MR. Bacteriophages and phage-inspired nanocarriers for targeted delivery of therapeutic cargos. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:45-62. [PMID: 26994592 PMCID: PMC5026880 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of drug delivery systems is to target therapeutic cargoes to desired cells and to ensure their efficient uptake. Recently a number of studies have focused on designing bio-inspired nanocarriers, such as bacteriophages, and synthetic carriers based on the bacteriophage structure. Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically recognize their bacterial hosts. They can replicate only inside their host cell and can act as natural gene carriers. Each type of phage has a particular shape, a different capacity for loading cargo, a specific production time, and their own mechanisms of supramolecular assembly, that have enabled them to act as tunable carriers. New phage-based technologies have led to the construction of different peptide libraries, and recognition abilities provided by novel targeting ligands. Phage hybridization with non-organic compounds introduces new properties to phages and could be a suitable strategy for construction of bio-inorganic carriers. In this review we try to cover the major phage species that have been used in drug and gene delivery systems, and the biological application of phages as novel targeting ligands and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Karimi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirshekari
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology & Nanomedicine Research Group [ANNRG], Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Moosavi Basri
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Bahrami
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran; Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Bárdy P, Pantůček R, Benešík M, Doškař J. Genetically modified bacteriophages in applied microbiology. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:618-33. [PMID: 27321680 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages represent a simple viral model of basic research with many possibilities for practical application. Due to their ability to infect and kill bacteria, their potential in the treatment of bacterial infection has been examined since their discovery. With advances in molecular biology and gene engineering, the phage application spectrum has been expanded to various medical and biotechnological fields. The construction of bacteriophages with an extended host range or longer viability in the mammalian bloodstream enhances their potential as an alternative to conventional antibiotic treatment. Insertion of active depolymerase genes to their genomes can enforce the biofilm disposal. They can also be engineered to transfer various compounds to the eukaryotic organisms and the bacterial culture, applicable for the vaccine, drug or gene delivery. Phage recombinant lytic enzymes can be applied as enzybiotics in medicine as well as in biotechnology for pathogen detection or programmed cell death in bacterial expression strains. Besides, modified bacteriophages with high specificity can be applied as bioprobes in detection tools to estimate the presence of pathogens in food industry, or utilized in the control of food-borne pathogens as part of the constructed phage-based biosorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bárdy
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - R Pantůček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Benešík
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Doškař
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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28
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Wen AM, Steinmetz NF. Design of virus-based nanomaterials for medicine, biotechnology, and energy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4074-126. [PMID: 27152673 PMCID: PMC5068136 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00287g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of recent developments in "chemical virology." Viruses, as materials, provide unique nanoscale scaffolds that have relevance in chemical biology and nanotechnology, with diverse areas of applications. Some fundamental advantages of viruses, compared to synthetically programmed materials, include the highly precise spatial arrangement of their subunits into a diverse array of shapes and sizes and many available avenues for easy and reproducible modification. Here, we will first survey the broad distribution of viruses and various methods for producing virus-based nanoparticles, as well as engineering principles used to impart new functionalities. We will then examine the broad range of applications and implications of virus-based materials, focusing on the medical, biotechnology, and energy sectors. We anticipate that this field will continue to evolve and grow, with exciting new possibilities stemming from advancements in the rational design of virus-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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29
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Lin TY. Simple sequence repeat variations expedite phage divergence: Mechanisms of indels and gene mutations. Mutat Res 2016; 789:48-56. [PMID: 27133219 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phages are the most abundant biological entities and influence prokaryotic communities on Earth. Comparing closely related genomes sheds light on molecular events shaping phage evolution. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) variations impart over half of the genomic changes between T7M and T3, indicating an important role of SSRs in accelerating phage genetic divergence. Differences in coding and noncoding regions of phages infecting different hosts, coliphages T7M and T3, Yersinia phage ϕYeO3-12, and Salmonella phage ϕSG-JL2, frequently arise from SSR variations. Such variations modify noncoding and coding regions; the latter efficiently changes multiple amino acids, thereby hastening protein evolution. Four classes of events are found to drive SSR variations: insertion/deletion of SSR units, expansion/contraction of SSRs without alteration of genome length, changes of repeat motifs, and generation/loss of repeats. The categorization demonstrates the ways SSRs mutate in genomes during phage evolution. Indels are common constituents of genome variations and human diseases, yet, how they occur without preexisting repeat sequence is less understood. Non-repeat-unit-based misalignment-elongation (NRUBME) is proposed to be one mechanism for indels without adjacent repeats. NRUBME or consecutive NRUBME may also change repeat motifs or generate new repeats. NRUBME invoking a non-Watson-Crick base pair explains insertions that initiate mononucleotide repeats. Furthermore, NRUBME successfully interprets many inexplicable human di- to tetranucleotide repeat generations. This study provides the first evidence of SSR variations expediting phage divergence, and enables insights into the events and mechanisms of genome evolution. NRUBME allows us to emulate natural evolution to design indels for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiao-Yin Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan.
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30
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Scibilia S, Lentini G, Fazio E, Franco D, Neri F, Mezzasalma AM, Guglielmino SPP. Self-assembly of silver nanoparticles and bacteriophage. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Donnelly A, Yata T, Bentayebi K, Suwan K, Hajitou A. Bacteriophage Mediates Efficient Gene Transfer in Combination with Conventional Transfection Reagents. Viruses 2015; 7:6476-89. [PMID: 26670247 PMCID: PMC4690874 DOI: 10.3390/v7122951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of commercially available transfection reagents for gene transfer applications has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and scientific research. However, the challenge remains in ensuring that they are efficient, safe, reproducible and cost effective. Bacteriophage (phage)-based viral vectors have the potential to be utilized for general gene transfer applications within research and industry. Yet, they require adaptations in order to enable them to efficiently enter cells and overcome mammalian cellular barriers, as they infect bacteria only; furthermore, limited progress has been made at increasing their efficiency. The production of a novel hybrid nanocomplex system consisting of two different nanomaterial systems, phage vectors and conventional transfection reagents, could overcome these limitations. Here we demonstrate that the combination of cationic lipids, cationic polymers or calcium phosphate with M13 bacteriophage-derived vectors, engineered to carry a mammalian transgene cassette, resulted in increased cellular attachment, entry and improved transgene expression in human cells. Moreover, addition of a targeting ligand into the nanocomplex system, through genetic engineering of the phage capsid further increased gene expression and was effective in a stable cell line generation application. Overall, this new hybrid nanocomplex system (i) provides enhanced phage-mediated gene transfer; (ii) is applicable for laboratory transfection processes and (iii) shows promise within industry for large-scale gene transfer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Donnelly
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Kaoutar Bentayebi
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Balearic islands, Valldemossa Road Km. 7,5, 07122 Palma, Spain.
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
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32
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Peltomaa R, López-Perolio I, Benito-Peña E, Barderas R, Moreno-Bondi MC. Application of bacteriophages in sensor development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:1805-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yata T, Lee ELQ, Suwan K, Syed N, Asavarut P, Hajitou A. Modulation of extracellular matrix in cancer is associated with enhanced tumor cell targeting by bacteriophage vectors. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:110. [PMID: 26037383 PMCID: PMC4451735 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene therapy has been an attractive paradigm for cancer treatment. However, cancer gene therapy has been challenged by the inherent limitation of vectors that are able to deliver therapeutic genes to tumors specifically and efficiently following systemic administration. Bacteriophage (phage) are viruses that have shown promise for targeted systemic gene delivery. Yet, they are considered poor vectors for gene transfer. Recently, we generated a tumor-targeted phage named adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP), which is a filamentous phage particle whose genome contains the adeno-associated virus genome. Its effectiveness in delivering therapeutic genes to tumors specifically both in vitro and in vivo has been shown in numerous studies. Despite being a clinically useful vector, a multitude of barriers impede gene transduction to tumor cells. We hypothesized that one such factor is the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). Methods We used a number of tumor cell lines from different species and histological types in 2D monolayers or 3D multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) models. To assess whether the ECM is a barrier to tumor cell targeting by AAVP, we depleted the ECM using collagenase, hyaluronidase, or combination of both. We employed multiple techniques to investigate and quantify the effect of ECM depletion on ECM composition (including collagen type I, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin and laminin), and how AAVP adsorption, internalisation, gene expression and therapeutic efficacy are subsequently affected. Data were analyzed using a student’s t test when comparing two groups or one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests when using more than two groups. Results We demonstrate that collagenase and hyaluronidase-mediated degradation of tumor ECM affects the composition of collagen, hyaluronic acid and fibronectin. Consequently, AAVP diffusion, internalisation, gene expression and tumor cell killing were enhanced after enzymatic treatment. Our data suggest that enhancement of gene transfer by the AAVP is solely attributed to ECM depletion. We provide substantial evidence that ECM modulation is relevant in clinically applicable settings by using 3D MCTS, which simulates in vivo environments more accurately. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ECM depletion is an effective strategy to enhance the efficiency of viral vector-guided gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerapong Yata
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK. .,National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Eugene L Q Lee
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Nelofer Syed
- The John Fulcher Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Division of Brain sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Paladd Asavarut
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, London, W12 0NN, UK. .,Amin Hajitou, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, 160 Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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