1
|
Perales IE, Jones SD, Duan T, Geyer PK. Maintenance of germline stem cell homeostasis despite severe nuclear distortion. Dev Biol 2024; 515:139-150. [PMID: 39038593 PMCID: PMC11317214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell loss in aging and disease is associated with nuclear deformation. Yet, how nuclear shape influences stem cell homeostasis is poorly understood. We investigated this connection using Drosophila germline stem cells, as survival of these stem cells is compromised by dysfunction of the nuclear lamina, the extensive protein network that lines the inner nuclear membrane and gives shape to the nucleus. To induce nuclear distortion in germline stem cells, we used the GAL4-UAS system to increase expression of the permanently farnesylated nuclear lamina protein, Kugelkern, a rate limiting factor for nuclear growth. We show that elevated Kugelkern levels cause severe nuclear distortion in germline stem cells, including extensive thickening and lobulation of the nuclear envelope and nuclear lamina, as well as alteration of internal nuclear compartments. Despite these changes, germline stem cell number, proliferation, and female fertility are preserved, even as females age. Collectively, these data demonstrate that disruption of nuclear architecture does not cause a failure of germline stem cell survival or homeostasis, revealing that nuclear deformation does not invariably promote stem cell loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella E Perales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Samuel D Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Tingting Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Pamela K Geyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar P, Verma A, Ashique S, Bhowmick M, Mohanto S, Singh A, Gupta M, Gupta A, Haider T. Unlocking the role of herbal cosmeceutical in anti-ageing and skin ageing associated diseases. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:211-226. [PMID: 39024063 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2024.2380326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The process of skin ageing is a natural biological phenomenon characterised by the emergence of wrinkles, age spots, sagging skin, and dryness over time. The increasing significance of skin in physical attractiveness has heightened skincare concerns. Anti-ageing cosmetics play a pivotal role in nurturing the skin, enhancing its quality, and promoting overall health. Today, cosmetics have evolved beyond mere aesthetics and are now integral to individual wellness. The contemporary quest for perpetual youth has intensified, prompting a deeper exploration into the skin ageing process. This comprehensive exploration delves into various elements involved in skin ageing, encompassing cells such as stem and endothelial cells, blood vessels, soft tissues, and signalling pathways. The molecular basis of skin ageing, including biochemical factors like reactive oxygen species, damaged DNA, free radicals, ions, and proteins (mRNA), is scrutinised alongside relevant animal models. The article critically analyzes the outcomes of utilising herbal components, emphasising their advantageous anti-ageing properties. The factors contributing to skin ageing, mechanistic perspectives, management approaches involving herbal cosmeceutical, and associated complications (especially cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, etc.) are succinctly addressed. In addition, the manuscript further summarises the recent patented innovations and toxicity of the herbal cosmeceuticals for anti-ageing and ageing associated disorders. Despite progress, further research is imperative to unlock the full potential of herbal components as anti-ageing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- SRM University Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, UPttarpradesh, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, UPttarpradesh, India
| | - Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mithun Bhowmick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anita Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University Campus, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanweer Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sarkar B, Rana N, Singh C, Singh A. Medicinal herbal remedies in neurodegenerative diseases: an update on antioxidant potential. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5483-5511. [PMID: 38472370 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
It has been widely documented that medicinal herbal remedies are effective, have fewer side effects than conventional medicine, and have a synergistic effect on health collaborations in the fight against complicated diseases. Traditional treatments for neurological problems in ancient times sometimes involved the use of herbal remedies and conventional methods from East Asian countries including India, Japan, China, and Korea. We collected and reviewed studies on plant-derived neuroprotective drugs and tested them in neurotoxic models. Basic research, preclinical and clinical transgene research can benefit from in silico, in vitro, and in vivo investigations. Research, summaries of the extracts, fractions, and herbal ingredients were compiled from popular scientific databases, which were then examined according to origin and bioactivity. Given the complex and varied causes of neurodegeneration, it may be beneficial to focus on multiple mechanisms of action and a neuroprotection approach. This approach aims to prevent cell death and restore function to damaged neurons, offering promising strategies for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative illnesses can potentially be treated with natural compounds that have been identified as neuroprotective agents. To gain deeper insights into the neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective and therapeutic properties of naturally occurring antioxidant phytochemical compounds in diverse neurodegenerative diseases, this study aims to comprehensively review such compounds, focusing on their modulation of apoptotic markers such as caspase, Bax, Bcl-2, and proinflammatory markers. In addition, we delve into a range of efficacies of antioxidant phytochemical compounds as neuroprotective agents in animal models. They reduce the oxidative stress of the brain and have been shown to have anti-apoptotic effects. Many researches have demonstrated that plant extracts or bioactive compounds can fight neurodegenerative disorders. Herbal medications may offer neurodegenerative disease patients' new treatments. This may be a cheaper and more culturally appropriate alternative to standard drugs for millions of people with age-related NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, 144603, Punjab, India
| | - Nitasha Rana
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, 144603, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras Campus, Distt. Tehri Garhwal, Srinagar, 249161, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, 144603, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li F, Zhang F, Shi H, Xia H, Wei X, Liu S, Wu T, Li Y, Shu F, Chen M, Li J, Duan R. Aerobic exercise suppresses CCN2 secretion from senescent muscle stem cells and boosts muscle regeneration in aged mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38925632 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging negatively impacts tissue repair, particularly in skeletal muscle, where the regenerative capacity of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) diminishes with age. Although aerobic exercise is known to attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy, its specific impact on the regenerative and repair capacity of MuSCs remains unclear. METHODS Mice underwent moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) from 9 months (aged + Ex-9M) or 20 months (aged + Ex-20M) to 25 months, with age-matched (aged) and adult controls. Histological examinations and MuSC transplantation assays assessed aerobic exercise effects on MuSC function and muscle regeneration. CCN2/connective tissue growth factor modulation (overexpression and knockdown) in MuSCs and AICAR supplementation effects were explored. RESULTS Aged mice displayed significantly reduced running duration (65.33 ± 4.32 vs. 161.9 ± 1.29 min, mean ± SD, P < 0.001) and distance (659.17 ± 103.64 vs. 3058.28 ± 46.26 m, P < 0.001) compared with adults. This reduction was accompanied by skeletal muscle weight loss and decreased myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA). However, MICT initiated at 9 or 20 months led to a marked increase in running duration (142.75 ± 3.14 and 133.86 ± 20.47 min, respectively, P < 0.001 compared with aged mice) and distance (2347.58 ± 145.11 and 2263 ± 643.87 m, respectively, P < 0.001). Additionally, MICT resulted in increased skeletal muscle weight and enhanced CSA. In a muscle injury model, aged mice exhibited fewer central nuclear fibres (CNFs; 266.35 ± 68.66/mm2), while adult, aged + Ex-9M and aged + Ex-20M groups showed significantly higher CNF counts (610.82 ± 46.76, 513.42 ± 47.19 and 548.29 ± 71.82/mm2, respectively; P < 0.001 compared with aged mice). MuSCs isolated from aged mice displayed increased CCN2 expression, which was effectively suppressed by MICT. Transplantation of MuSCs overexpressing CCN2 (Lenti-CCN2, Lenti-CON as control) into injured tibialis anterior muscle compromised regeneration capacity, resulting in significantly fewer CNFs in the Lenti-CCN2 group compared with Lenti-CON (488.07 ± 27.63 vs. 173.99 ± 14.28/mm2, P < 0.001) at 7 days post-injury (dpi). Conversely, knockdown of CCN2 (Lenti-CCN2shR, Lenti-NegsiR as control) in aged MuSCs improved regeneration capacity, significantly increasing the CNF count from 254.5 ± 26.36 to 560.39 ± 48.71/mm2. Lenti-CCN2 MuSCs also increased fibroblast proliferation and exacerbated skeletal muscle fibrosis, while knockdown of CCN2 in aged MuSCs mitigated this pattern. AICAR supplementation, mimicking exercise, replicated the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise by mitigating muscle weight decline, enhancing satellite cell activity and reducing fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise effectively reverses the decline in endurance capacity and mitigates muscle atrophy in aged mice. It inhibits CCN2 secretion from senescent MuSCs, thereby enhancing skeletal muscle regeneration and preventing fibrosis in aged mice. AICAR supplementation mimics the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fulong Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Haiwang Shi
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Honglin Xia
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaobei Wei
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuecheng Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Shu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tamarat R, Satyamitra MM, Benderitter M, DiCarlo AL. Radiation-induced gastrointestinal and cutaneous injuries: understanding models, pathologies, assessments, and clinically accepted practices. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:969-981. [PMID: 38787685 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2356544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A U. S. and European joint effort fostering the development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) operable in case of radiological or nuclear emergencies. METHODS Based on the joint engagement between the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the French Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), a Statement of Intent to Collaborate was signed in 2014 and a series of working group meeting were established. In December 2022, the NIAID and IRSN hosted a five-day, U.S./European meeting titled 'Radiation-Induced Cutaneous and Gastrointestinal Injuries: Advances in Understanding Pathologies, Assessment, and Clinically Accepted Practices' in Paris, France. The goals of the meeting were to bring together U.S. and European investigators to explore new research avenues for the medical management of skin and gastrointestinal injuries, including specific diagnostics for each organ system, animal models, and promising medical countermeasures (MCMs) to mitigate radiation damage. There was also an emphasis on exploring additional areas of medicine and response to understand best practices from other emergency scenarios, which could be leveraged to improve radiation preparedness, and the importance of accurate dosimetry in preclinical work. RESULTS Subsequent to the workshop, seven collaborative projects, funded by both organizations, were established on topics ranging from MCMs and predictive biomarkers, and using physical methods to assess cutaneous radiation injuries, to mechanistic studies to understand radiation-induced damage in multiple organ systems. The importance of accurate dosimetry in preclinical works was highlighted and two recently published U.S./European commentaries that focus on the need for dosimetry standardization in the reported literature had their origins in this meeting. This commentary summarizes the workshop and open discussions among academic investigators, industry researchers, and U.S. and IRSN program representatives. CONCLUSIONS Given the substantive progress made due to these interactions, both groups plan to expand out these meetings by incorporating high-level investigators from across the globe, while endeavoring to maintain the informal setting that was conducive to in-depth scientific discussion and enhanced the state of the science in radiation research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radia Tamarat
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Marc Benderitter
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang MC, Yu WL, Ding YC, Huang JJ, Lin CY, Tseng WJ. Persistent Mesodermal Differentiation Capability of Bone Marrow MSCs Isolated from Aging Patients with Low-Energy Traumatic Hip Fracture and Osteoporosis: A Clinical Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5273. [PMID: 38791313 PMCID: PMC11120803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A low-energy hit, such as a slight fall from a bed, results in a bone fracture, especially in the hip, which is a life-threatening risk for the older adult and a heavy burden for the social economy. Patients with low-energy traumatic bone fractures usually suffer a higher level of bony catabolism accompanied by osteoporosis. Bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) are critical in osteogenesis, leading to metabolic homeostasis in the healthy bony microenvironment. However, whether the BMSCs derived from the patients who suffered osteoporosis and low-energy traumatic hip fractures preserve a sustained mesodermal differentiation capability, especially in osteogenesis, is yet to be explored in a clinical setting. Therefore, we aimed to collect BMSCs from clinical hip fracture patients with osteoporosis, followed by osteogenic differentiation comparison with BMSCs from healthy young donors. The CD markers identification, cytokines examination, and adipogenic differentiation were also evaluated. The data reveal that BMSCs collected from elderly osteoporotic patients secreted approximately 122.8 pg/mL interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 180.6 pg/mL vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but no PDGF-BB, IL-1b, TGF-b1, IGF-1, or TNF-α secretion. The CD markers and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capability in BMSCs from these elderly osteoporotic patients and healthy young donors are equivalent and compliant with the standards defined by the International Society of Cell Therapy (ISCT). Collectively, our data suggest that the elderly osteoporotic patients-derived BMSCs hold equivalent differentiation and proliferation capability and intact surface markers identical to BMSCs collected from healthy youth and are available for clinical cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chih Wang
- Biomedical Technology & Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31057, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.); (W.-L.Y.); (Y.-C.D.); (J.-J.H.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300102, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Yu
- Biomedical Technology & Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31057, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.); (W.-L.Y.); (Y.-C.D.); (J.-J.H.)
| | - Yun-Chiao Ding
- Biomedical Technology & Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31057, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.); (W.-L.Y.); (Y.-C.D.); (J.-J.H.)
| | - Jun-Jae Huang
- Biomedical Technology & Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31057, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.); (W.-L.Y.); (Y.-C.D.); (J.-J.H.)
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Institute of New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wo-Jan Tseng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 300195, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bonavina G, Mamillapalli R, Krikun G, Zhou Y, Gawde N, Taylor HS. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes shuttle microRNAs to endometrial stromal fibroblasts that promote tissue proliferation /regeneration/ and inhibit differentiation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:129. [PMID: 38693588 PMCID: PMC11064399 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMDSCs) are well characterized mediators of tissue repair and regeneration. An increasing body of evidence indicates that these cells exert their therapeutic effects largely through their paracrine actions rather than clonal expansion and differentiation. Here we studied the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) present in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from hBMDSCs in tissue regeneration and cell differentiation targeting endometrial stromal fibroblasts (eSF). METHODS Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are isolated from hBMDSCs, characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) techniques. Extracted total RNA from EVs was subjected to RNA seq analysis. Transfection and decidualization studies were carried out in endometrial stromal fibroblasts (eSF). Gene expression was analyzed by qRTPCR. Unpaired t-test with Welch's correction was used for data analysis between two groups. RESULTS We identified several microRNAs (miRNAs) that were highly expressed, including miR-21-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-143-3p and let7. MiR-21 is associated with several signaling pathways involved in tissue regeneration, quiescence, cellular senescence, and fibrosis. Both miR-100-5p and miR-143-3p promoted cell proliferation. MiR-100-5p specifically promoted regenerative processes by upregulating TGF-ß3, VEGFA, MMP7, and HGF. MiR-100-5p blocked differentiation or decidualization as evidenced by morphologic changes and downregulation of decidualization mediators including HOXA10, IGFBP1, PRL, PR-B, and PR. CONCLUSION EVs delivered to tissues by hBMDSCs contain specific miRNAs that prevent terminal differentiation and drive repair and regeneration. Delivery of microRNAs is a novel treatment paradigm with the potential to replace BMDSCs in cell-free regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bonavina
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ramanaiah Mamillapalli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Graciela Krikun
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nimisha Gawde
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zakaria MF, Sonoda S, Kato H, Ma L, Uehara N, Kyumoto-Nakamura Y, Sharifa MM, Yu L, Dai L, Yamauchi-Tomoda E, Aijima R, Yamaza H, Nishimura F, Yamaza T. Erythropoietin receptor signal is crucial for periodontal ligament stem cell-based tissue reconstruction in periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6719. [PMID: 38509204 PMCID: PMC10954634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss caused by periodontal disease eventually leads to tooth loss. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are the tissue-specific cells for maintaining and repairing the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Here, we investigated the role of erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), which regulates the microenvironment-modulating function of mesenchymal stem cells, in PDLSC-based periodontal therapy. We isolated PDLSCs from patients with chronic periodontal disease and healthy donors, referred to as PD-PDLSCs and Cont-PDLSCs, respectively. PD-PDLSCs exhibited reduced potency of periodontal tissue regeneration and lower expression of EPOR compared to Cont-PDLSCs. EPOR-silencing suppressed the potency of Cont-PDLSCs mimicking PD-PDLSCs, whereas EPO-mediated EPOR activation rejuvenated the reduced potency of PD-PDLSCs. Furthermore, we locally transplanted EPOR-silenced and EPOR-activated PDLSCs into the gingiva around the teeth of ligament-induced periodontitis model mice and demonstrated that EPOR in PDLSCs participated in the regeneration of the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone in the ligated teeth. The EPOR-mediated paracrine function of PDLSCs maintains periodontal immune suppression and bone metabolic balance via osteoclasts and osteoblasts in the periodontitis model mice. Taken together, these results suggest that EPOR signaling is crucial for PDLSC-based periodontal regeneration and paves the way for the development of novel options for periodontal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mhd Fouad Zakaria
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Norihisa Uehara
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yukari Kyumoto-Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - M Majd Sharifa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Liting Yu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Lisha Dai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Erika Yamauchi-Tomoda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Reona Aijima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Department of Periodontology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen X, Qi Y, Huang Q, Sun C, Zheng Y, Ji L, Shi Y, Cheng X, Li Z, Zheng S, Cao Y, Gu Z, Yu J. Single-cell transcriptome characteristics of testicular terminal epithelium lineages during aging in the Drosophila. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14057. [PMID: 38044573 PMCID: PMC10928582 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process leading to impaired functions, with a variety of hallmarks. In the testis of Drosophila, the terminal epithelium region is involved in spermatid release and maturation, while its functional diversity and regulatory mechanism remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptomes of terminal epithelium in Drosophila testes at 2-, 10 and 40-Days. Terminal epithelium populations were defined with Metallothionein A (MtnA) and subdivided into six novel sub-cell clusters (EP0-EP5), and a series of marker genes were identified based on their expressions. The data revealed the functional characteristics of terminal epithelium populations, such as tight junction, focal adhesion, bacterial invasion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, proteasome, apoptosis and metabolism. Interestingly, we also found that disrupting genes for several relevant pathways in terminal epithelium led to male fertility disorders. Moreover, we also discovered a series of age-biased genes and pseudotime trajectory mediated state-biased genes during terminal epithelium aging. Differentially expressed genes during terminal epithelium aging were mainly participated in the regulation of several common signatures, e.g. mitochondria-related events, protein synthesis and degradation, and metabolic processes. We further explored the Drosophila divergence and selection in the functional constraints of age-biased genes during aging, revealing that age-biased genes in epithelial cells of 2 Days group evolved rapidly and were endowed with greater evolutionary advantages. scRNA-seq analysis revealed the diversity of testicular terminal epithelium populations, providing a gene target resource for further systematic research of their functions during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuChina
| | - Yujuan Qi
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qiuru Huang
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of GeriatricsAffiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yanli Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuChina
| | - Li Ji
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yi Shi
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xinmeng Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhenbei Li
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Sen Zheng
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yijuan Cao
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of RheumatologyAffiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Park JS, Na HJ, Kim YJ. The anti-aging effect of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor in Drosophila midgut. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2005-2025. [PMID: 38329439 PMCID: PMC10911382 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are pivotal for maintaining tissue homeostasis, and their functional decline is linked to aging and its associated diseases, influenced by the niche cells' environment. Age- and cancer-related reduction of vitamin D and its receptor levels are well documented in human clinical studies. However, the mechanisms through which the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor pathway contributes to anti-aging and extends life expectancy are not well understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the protective role of the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor pathway in differentiated enterocytes (ECs) during intestinal stem cell (ISC) aging. By utilizing a well- established Drosophila midgut model for stem cell aging biology, we revealed that vitamin D receptor knockdown in ECs induced ISC proliferation, EC death, ISC aging, and enteroendocrine cell differentiation. Additionally, age- and oxidative stress-induced increases in ISC proliferation and centrosome amplification were reduced by vitamin D treatment. Our findings suggest a direct evidence of the anti-aging role of the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor pathway and provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying healthy aging in Drosophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Sun Park
- Institute of Nanobio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Na
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ridwan SM, Twillie A, Poursaeid S, Beard EK, Bener MB, Antel M, Cowan AE, Matsuda S, Inaba M. Diffusible fraction of niche BMP ligand safeguards stem-cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1166. [PMID: 38326318 PMCID: PMC10850516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs) reside at the tip of the testis and surround a cluster of niche cells. Decapentaplegic (Dpp) is one of the well-established ligands and has a major role in maintaining stem cells located in close proximity. However, the existence and the role of the diffusible fraction of Dpp outside of the niche have been unclear. Here, using genetically-encoded nanobodies called Morphotraps, we physically block Dpp diffusion without interfering with niche-stem cell signaling and find that a diffusible fraction of Dpp is required to ensure differentiation of GSC daughter cells, opposite of its role in maintenance of GSC in the niche. Our work provides an example in which a soluble niche ligand induces opposed cellular responses in stem cells versus in differentiating descendants to ensure spatial control of the niche. This may be a common mechanism to regulate tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharif M Ridwan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Autumn Twillie
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Samaneh Poursaeid
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Emma Kristine Beard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Muhammed Burak Bener
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Matthew Antel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ann E Cowan
- Richard D. Berlin Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mayu Inaba
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Panda D, Nayak S. Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering Approaches for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: a Review from Mechanism to Clinical Trial. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:88-123. [PMID: 37867186 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication from incomplete or prolonged wound healing, at times requires amputation, putting substantial health and socioeconomic burden. Wound healing is a dynamic overlapping process that can be regulated by arrays of molecular factors showing redundancy in function. However, dysregulation in the mechanism of angiogenesis, extra cellular matrix (ECM) formation and immune modulation are the major causes for impair wound healing in hyperglycaemic patients. Despite development of wound care research, there is a lack of well-accepted targeted therapy with multidisciplinary approach for DFU treatment. Stem cell therapy holds a promising outcome both in preclinical and clinical trials because of its ability to promote healing via regeneration and specialized tissue differentiation. Among different types of stem cells, regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is well demonstrated in both experimental and clinical trial. Still there is a huge knowledge gap among medical practitioners for deciding the best stem cell source, administration route, and safety. This review strengthens the fact that why stem cell therapy is a promising candidate to treat DFU and cited multiple tissue engineering and biomaterial-based approaches for delivering stem cells and their aftermath paracrine events. Based on the pre-clinical and clinical studies, the review tried to come up with optimum stem cell source and delivery route for the treatment of DFU. At last, the review glances on possible direction to enhance therapeutics strategy for the same, including different approaches like: phytocompounds, exosomes, scaffold geometry, cell preconditioning and licensing etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debarchan Panda
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sunita Nayak
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park SC, Lee YS, Cho KA, Kim SY, Lee YI, Lee SR, Lim IK. What matters in aging is signaling for responsiveness. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 252:108560. [PMID: 37952903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological responsiveness refers to the capacity of living organisms to adapt to changes in both their internal and external environments through physiological and behavioral mechanisms. One of the prominent aspects of aging is the decline in this responsiveness, which can lead to a deterioration in the processes required for maintenance, survival, and growth. The vital link between physiological responsiveness and the essential life processes lies within the signaling systems. To devise effective strategies for controlling the aging process, a comprehensive reevaluation of this connecting loop is imperative. This review aims to explore the impact of aging on signaling systems responsible for responsiveness and introduce a novel perspective on intervening in the aging process by restoring the compromised responsiveness. These innovative mechanistic approaches for modulating altered responsiveness hold the potential to illuminate the development of action plans aimed at controlling the aging process and treating age-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung A Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Engineering Major, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu B. Evolutionary Insights into the Relationship of Frogs, Salamanders, and Caecilians and Their Adaptive Traits, with an Emphasis on Salamander Regeneration and Longevity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3449. [PMID: 38003067 PMCID: PMC10668855 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The extant amphibians have developed uncanny abilities to adapt to their environment. I compared the genes of amphibians to those of other vertebrates to investigate the genetic changes underlying their unique traits, especially salamanders' regeneration and longevity. Using the well-supported Batrachia tree, I found that salamander genomes have undergone accelerated adaptive evolution, especially for development-related genes. The group-based comparison showed that several genes are under positive selection, rapid evolution, and unexpected parallel evolution with traits shared by distantly related species, such as the tail-regenerative lizard and the longer-lived naked mole rat. The genes, such as EEF1E1, PAFAH1B1, and OGFR, may be involved in salamander regeneration, as they are involved in the apoptotic process, blastema formation, and cell proliferation, respectively. The genes PCNA and SIRT1 may be involved in extending lifespan, as they are involved in DNA repair and histone modification, respectively. Some genes, such as PCNA and OGFR, have dual roles in regeneration and aging, which suggests that these two processes are interconnected. My experiment validated the time course differential expression pattern of SERPINI1 and OGFR, two genes that have evolved in parallel in salamanders and lizards during the regeneration process of salamander limbs. In addition, I found several candidate genes responsible for frogs' frequent vocalization and caecilians' degenerative vision. This study provides much-needed insights into the processes of regeneration and aging, and the discovery of the critical genes paves the way for further functional analysis, which could open up new avenues for exploiting the genetic potential of humans and improving human well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun S, Meng Y, Li M, Tang X, Hu W, Wu W, Li G, Pang Q, Wang W, Liu B. CD133 + endothelial-like stem cells restore neovascularization and promote longevity in progeroid and naturally aged mice. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1401-1414. [PMID: 37946040 PMCID: PMC10645602 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The stem cell theory of aging dictates that a decline in the number and/or function of stem cells causes tissue degeneration and aging; however, it still lacks unequivocal experimental support. Here, using lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics, we identify a population of CD133+ bone marrow-derived endothelial-like cells (ELCs) as potential endothelial progenitor cells, which contribute to tubular structures in vitro and neovascularization in vivo. We demonstrate that supplementation with wild-type and young ELCs respectively restores neovascularization and extends lifespan in progeric and naturally aged mice. Mechanistically, we identify an upregulation of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in aged CD133+ ELCs-a key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis. Overexpression of FDPS compromises the neovascularization capacity of CD133+ ELCs, whereas FDPS inhibition by pamidronate enhances neovascularization, improves health measures and extends lifespan in aged mice. These findings highlight stem cell-based strategies for the treatment of progeria and age-related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention; International Cancer Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Mingying Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention; International Cancer Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention; International Cancer Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Wengong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention; International Cancer Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zeng W, Zhang W, Tse EHY, Liu J, Dong A, Lam KSW, Luan S, Kung WH, Chan TC, Cheung TH. Restoration of CPEB4 prevents muscle stem cell senescence during aging. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1383-1398.e6. [PMID: 37321216 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated impairments in adult stem cell functions correlate with a decline in somatic tissue regeneration capacity. However, the mechanisms underlying the molecular regulation of adult stem cell aging remain elusive. Here, we provide a proteomic analysis of physiologically aged murine muscle stem cells (MuSCs), illustrating a pre-senescent proteomic signature. During aging, the mitochondrial proteome and activity are impaired in MuSCs. In addition, the inhibition of mitochondrial function results in cellular senescence. We identified an RNA-binding protein, CPEB4, downregulated in various aged tissues, which is required for MuSC functions. CPEB4 regulates the mitochondrial proteome and activity through mitochondrial translational control. MuSCs devoid of CPEB4 induced cellular senescence. Importantly, restoring CPEB4 expression rescued impaired mitochondrial metabolism, improved geriatric MuSC functions, and prevented cellular senescence in various human cell lines. Our findings provide the basis for the possibility that CPEB4 regulates mitochondrial metabolism to govern cellular senescence, with an implication of therapeutic intervention for age-related senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Zeng
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Erin H Y Tse
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anqi Dong
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kim S W Lam
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shaoyuan Luan
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Hing Kung
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Ching Chan
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tom H Cheung
- Division of Life Science, Center for Stem Cell Research, HKUST-Nan Fung Life Sciences Joint Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Premeaux TA, Ndhlovu LC. Decrypting biological hallmarks of aging in people with HIV. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2023:01222929-990000000-00054. [PMID: 37421383 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV infection adds further complexity to the heterogenous process of aging. In this focused review, we examine and discuss recent advances to better elucidate mechanisms of biological aging perturbed and accelerated in the context of HIV, particularly among those with viral suppression through the benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). New hypotheses from these studies are poised to provide an improved understanding of multifaceted pathways that converge and likely form the basis for effective interventions toward successful aging. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence to date suggests multiple mechanisms of biological aging impact people living with HIV (PLWH). Recent literature delves and expands on how epigenetic alterations, telomere attrition, mitochondrial perturbations, and intercellular communications may underpin accelerated or accentuated aging phenotypes and the disproportionate prevalence of age-related complications among PLWH. Although most hallmarks of aging are likely exacerbated in the setting of HIV, ongoing research efforts are providing new insight on the collective impact these conserved pathways may have in the aging disease processes. SUMMARY New knowledge on underlying molecular disease mechanisms impacting people aging with HIV are reviewed. Also examined are studies that may facilitate the development and implementation of effective therapeutics and guidance on improving geriatric HIV clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Premeaux
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhao DW, Teng F, Meng LL, Fan WJ, Luo YR, Jiang HY, Chen NX, Zhang XX, Yu W, Cai BN, Zhao LJ, Wang PG, Ma L. Development and validation of a nomogram for prediction of recovery from moderate-severe xerostomia post-radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Radiother Oncol 2023; 184:109683. [PMID: 37120102 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aim to create and validate a comprehensive nomogram capable of accurately predicting the transition from moderate-severe to normal-mild xerostomia post-radiotherapy (postRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and methods We constructed and internally verified a prediction model using a primary cohort comprising 223 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with NPC from February 2016 to December 2019. LASSO regression model was used to identify the clinical factors and relevant variables (the pre-radiotherapy (XQ-preRT) and immediate post-radiotherapy (XQ-postRT) xerostomia questionnaire scores, as well as the mean dose (Dmean) delivered to the parotid gland (PG), submandibular gland (SMG), sublingual gland (SLG), tubarial gland (TG), and oral cavity). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to develop the prediction model, which was presented as a nomogram. The models' performance with regard to calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness was evaluated. The external validation cohort comprised 78 patients. Results Due to better discrimination and calibration in the training cohort, age, gender, XQ-postRT, and Dmean of PG, SMG, and TG were included in the individualized prediction model (C-index of 0.741 (95% CI:0.717 to 0.765). Verification of the nomogram's performance in internal and external validation cohorts revealed good discrimination (C-index of 0.729 (0.692 to 0.766) and 0.736 (0.702 to 0.770), respectively) and calibration. Decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram was clinically useful. The 12-month and 24-month moderate-severe xerostomia rate was statistically lower in the SMG-spared arm (28.4% (0.230 to 35.2) and 5.2% (0.029 to 0.093), respectively) than that in SMG-unspared arm (56.8% (0.474 to 0.672) and 12.5% (0.070 to 0.223), respectively), with an HR of 1.84 (95%CI: 1.412 to 2.397, p= 0.000). The difference in restricted mean survival time for remaining moderate-severe xerostomia between the two arms at 24 months was 5.757 months (95% CI, 3.863 to 7.651; p=0.000). Conclusion The developed nomogram, incorporating age, gender, XQ-postRT, and Dmean to PG, SMG, and TG, can be used for predicting recovery from moderate-severe xerostomia post-radiotherapy in NPC patients. Sparing SMG is highly important for the patient's recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Radiology, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Teng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jun Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Armed Police Forces Corps Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan-Rong Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua-Yong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan-Xiang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Ning Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Pei-Guo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jang H, Jo Y, Lee JH, Choi S. Aging of hair follicle stem cells and their niches. BMB Rep 2023; 56:2-9. [PMID: 36379515 PMCID: PMC9887102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles in the skin undergo cyclic rounds of regeneration, degeneration, and rest throughout life. Stem cells residing in hair follicles play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and hair growth cycles. Research on hair follicle aging and age-related hair loss has demonstrated that a decline in hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activity with aging can decrease the regeneration capacity of hair follicles. This review summarizes our understanding of how age-associated HFSC intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms can induce HFSC aging and hair loss. In addition, we discuss approaches developed to attenuate ageassociated changes in HFSCs and their niches, thereby promoting hair regrowth. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(1): 2-9].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hansaem Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Yemin Jo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, Korea,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Sekyu Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea,School of Medical Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea,Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I_CREATE), Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-54-279-2359; Fax: +82-54-279-2199; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jang H, Jo Y, Lee JH, Choi S. Aging of hair follicle stem cells and their niches. BMB Rep 2023; 56:2-9. [PMID: 36379515 PMCID: PMC9887102 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles in the skin undergo cyclic rounds of regeneration, degeneration, and rest throughout life. Stem cells residing in hair follicles play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and hair growth cycles. Research on hair follicle aging and age-related hair loss has demonstrated that a decline in hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activity with aging can decrease the regeneration capacity of hair follicles. This review summarizes our understanding of how age-associated HFSC intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms can induce HFSC aging and hair loss. In addition, we discuss approaches developed to attenuate ageassociated changes in HFSCs and their niches, thereby promoting hair regrowth. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(1): 2-9].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hansaem Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Yemin Jo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, Korea
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Sekyu Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea, Incheon 21983, Korea
- School of Medical Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I_CREATE), Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sonoda S, Yamaza T. Extracellular vesicles rejuvenate the microenvironmental modulating function of recipient tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells in osteopenia treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1151429. [PMID: 37033255 PMCID: PMC10073676 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1151429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), such as bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), is considered a prominent treatment for osteopenia. However, the mechanism of action of the transplanted MSCs has been poorly elucidated. In the recipient target tissue, including bone and bone marrow, only a few donor MSCs can be detected, suggesting that the direct contribution of donor MSCs may not be expected for osteopenia treatment. Meanwhile, secretomes, especially contents within extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from donor MSCs (MSC-EVs), play key roles in the treatment of several diseases. In this context, administrated donor MSC-EVs may affect bone-forming function of recipient cells. In this review, we discuss how MSC-EVs contribute to bone recovery recipient tissue in osteopenia. We also summarize a novel mechanism of action of systemic administration of SHED-derived EVs (SHED-EVs) in osteopenia. We found that reduced telomerase activity in recipient BMMSCs caused the deficiency of microenvironmental modulating function, including bone and bone marrow-like niche formation and immunomodulation in estrogen-deficient osteopenia model mice. Systemic administration of SHED-EVs could exert therapeutic effects on bone reduction via recovering the telomerase activity, leading to the rejuvenation of the microenvironmental modulating function in recipient BMMSCs, as seen in systemic transplantation of SHED. RNase-preconditioned donor SHED-EVs diminished the therapeutic benefits of administrated SHED-EVs in the recipient osteopenia model mice. These facts suggest that MSC-EV therapy targets the recipient BMMSCs to rejuvenate the microenvironmental modulating function via telomerase activity, recovering bone density. We then introduce future challenges to develop the reproducible MSC-EV therapy in osteopenia.
Collapse
|
24
|
Graça AL, Gomez-Florit M, Gomes ME, Docheva D. Tendon Aging. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:121-147. [PMID: 37120467 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Tendons are mechanosensitive connective tissues responsible for the connection between muscles and bones by transmitting forces that allow the movement of the body, yet, with advancing age, tendons become more prone to degeneration followed by injuries. Tendon diseases are one of the main causes of incapacity worldwide, leading to changes in tendon composition, structure, and biomechanical properties, as well as a decline in regenerative potential. There is still a great lack of knowledge regarding tendon cellular and molecular biology, interplay between biochemistry and biomechanics, and the complex pathomechanisms involved in tendon diseases. Consequently, this reflects a huge need for basic and clinical research to better elucidate the nature of healthy tendon tissue and also tendon aging process and associated diseases. This chapter concisely describes the effects that the aging process has on tendons at the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels and briefly reviews potential biological predictors of tendon aging. Recent research findings that are herein reviewed and discussed might contribute to the development of precision tendon therapies targeting the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luísa Graça
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gomez-Florit
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuela Estima Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Denitsa Docheva
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopaedic Hospital König-Ludwig-Haus, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Monnerat G, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Asensi KD, Silva dos Santos D, Barbosa RAQ, Cristina Paccola Mesquita F, Calvancanti Albuquerque JP, Raphaela PF, Wendt C, Miranda K, Domont GB, Nogueira FCS, Bastos Carvalho A, Campos de Carvalho AC. Modelling premature cardiac aging with induced pluripotent stem cells from a hutchinson-gilford Progeria Syndrome patient. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1007418. [PMID: 36505085 PMCID: PMC9726722 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1007418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder that causes accelerated aging and a high risk of cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms of cardiac complications of this syndrome are not fully understood. This study modeled HGPS using cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from a patient with HGPS and characterized the biophysical, morphological, and molecular changes found in these CM compared to CM derived from a healthy donor. Electrophysiological recordings suggest that the HGPS-CM was functional and had normal electrophysiological properties. Electron tomography showed nuclear morphology alteration, and the 3D reconstruction of electron tomography images suggests structural abnormalities in HGPS-CM mitochondria, however, there was no difference in mitochondrial content as measured by Mitotracker. Immunofluorescence indicates nuclear morphological alteration and confirms the presence of Troponin T. Telomere length was measured using qRT-PCR, and no difference was found in the CM from HGPS when compared to the control. Proteomic analysis was carried out in a high-resolution system using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The proteomics data show distinct group separations and protein expression differences between HGPS and control-CM, highlighting changes in ribosomal, TCA cycle, and amino acid biosynthesis, among other modifications. Our findings show that iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from a Progeria Syndrome patient have significant changes in mitochondrial morphology and protein expression, implying novel mechanisms underlying premature cardiac aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monnerat
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tais Hanae Kasai-Brunswick
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karina Dutra Asensi
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danubia Silva dos Santos
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pires Ferreira Raphaela
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Wendt
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kildare Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Barbosa Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Bastos Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Science and Technology Institute in Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,*Correspondence: Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Voynova E, Kulebyakin K, Grigorieva O, Novoseletskaya E, Basalova N, Alexandrushkina N, Arbatskiy M, Vigovskiy M, Sorokina A, Zinoveva A, Bakhchinyan E, Kalinina N, Akopyan Z, Tkachuk V, Tyurin-Kuzmin P, Efimenko A. Declined adipogenic potential of senescent MSCs due to shift in insulin signaling and altered exosome cargo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1050489. [PMID: 36467400 PMCID: PMC9714334 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) maintain cellular homeostasis and regulate tissue renewal and repair both by differentiating into mesodermal lineage, e.g., adipocytes, or managing the functions of differentiated cells. Insulin is a key physiological inducer of MSC differentiation into adipocytes, and disturbances in MSC insulin sensitivity could negatively affect adipose tissue renewal. During aging, regulation and renewal of adipose tissue cells may be disrupted due to the altered insulin signaling and differentiation potential of senescent MSCs, promoting the development of serious metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome and obesity. However, the potential mechanisms mediating the dysfunction of adipose-derived senescent MSC remains unclear. We explored whether aging could affect the adipogenic potential of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs regulated by insulin. Age-associated senescent MSCs (isolated from donors older than 65 years) and MSCs in replicative senescence (long-term culture) were treated by insulin to induce adipogenic differentiation, and the efficiency of the process was compared to MSCs from young donors. Insulin-dependent signaling pathways were explored in these cells. We also analyzed the involvement of extracellular vesicles secreted by MSCs (MSC-EVs) into the regulation of adipogenic differentiation and insulin signaling of control and senescent cells. Also the microRNA profiles of MSC-EVs from aged and young donors were compared using targeted PCR arrays. Both replicatively and chronologically senescent MSCs showed a noticeably decreased adipogenic potential. This was associated with insulin resistance of MSCs from aged donors caused by the increase in the basal level of activation of crucial insulin-dependent intracellular effectors ERK1/2 and Akt. To assess the impact of the paracrine cross-talk of MSCs, we analyzed microRNAs profile differences in MSC-EVs and revealed that senescent MSCs produced EVs with increased content of miRNAs targeting components of insulin-dependent signaling cascade PTEN, MAPK1, GAREM1 and some other targets. We also confirmed these data by differentiation of control MSCs in the presence of EVs from senescent cells and vice versa. Thus, aging attenuated the adipogenic potential of MSCs due to autocrine or paracrine-dependent induction of insulin resistance associated with the specific changes in MSC-EV cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Voynova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
| | - Konstantin Kulebyakin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Grigorieva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Novoseletskaya
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Alexandrushkina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Arbatskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Vigovskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Sorokina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Zinoveva
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Kalinina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Therapeutic Antiaging Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102515. [PMID: 36289777 PMCID: PMC9599338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging constitutes progressive physiological changes in an organism. These changes alter the normal biological functions, such as the ability to manage metabolic stress, and eventually lead to cellular senescence. The process itself is characterized by nine hallmarks: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. These hallmarks are risk factors for pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence has been focused on examining the genetic pathways and biological processes in organisms surrounding these nine hallmarks. From here, the therapeutic approaches can be addressed in hopes of slowing the progression of aging. In this review, data have been collected on the hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging and supplemented with in vitro and in vivo antiaging research experiments. It is the intention of this article to highlight the most important antiaging strategies that researchers have proposed, including preventive measures, systemic therapeutic agents, and invasive procedures, that will promote healthy aging and increase human life expectancy with decreased side effects.
Collapse
|
28
|
Vitale E, Perveen S, Rossin D, Lo Iacono M, Rastaldo R, Giachino C. Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Ageing Biology and Rejuvenation of Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:912470. [PMID: 35837330 PMCID: PMC9273769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.912470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
What lies at the basis of the mechanisms that regulate the maintenance and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells is still an open question. The control of stemness derives from a fine regulation between transcriptional and metabolic factors. In the last years, an emerging topic has concerned the involvement of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) as a key mechanism in stem cell pluripotency control acting as a bridge between epigenetic, transcriptional and differentiation regulation. This review aims to clarify this new and not yet well-explored horizon discussing the recent studies regarding the CMA impact on embryonic, mesenchymal, and haematopoietic stem cells. The review will discuss how CMA influences embryonic stem cell activity promoting self-renewal or differentiation, its involvement in maintaining haematopoietic stem cell function by increasing their functionality during the normal ageing process and its effects on mesenchymal stem cells, in which modulation of CMA regulates immunosuppressive and differentiation properties. Finally, the importance of these new discoveries and their relevance for regenerative medicine applications, from transplantation to cell rejuvenation, will be addressed.
Collapse
|
29
|
Effects of Focused Vibrations on Human Satellite Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116026. [PMID: 35682706 PMCID: PMC9180844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle consists of long plurinucleate and contractile structures, able to regenerate and repair tissue damage by their resident stem cells: satellite cells (SCs). Reduced skeletal muscle regeneration and progressive atrophy are typical features of sarcopenia, which has important health care implications for humans. Sarcopenia treatment is usually based on physical exercise and nutritional plans, possibly associated with rehabilitation programs, such as vibratory stimulation. Vibrations stimulate muscles and can increase postural stability, balance, and walking in aged and sarcopenic patients. However, the possible direct effect of vibration on SCs is still unclear. Here, we show the effects of focused vibrations administered at increasing time intervals on SCs, isolated from young and aged subjects and cultured in vitro. After stimulations, we found in both young and aged subjects a reduced percentage of apoptotic cells, increased cell size and percentage of aligned cells, mitotic events, and activated cells. We also found an increased number of cells only in young samples. Our results highlight for the first time the presence of direct effects of mechanical vibrations on human SCs. These effects seem to be age-dependent, consisting of a proliferative response of cells derived from young subjects vs. a differentiative response of cells from aged subjects.
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang C, Spradling AC. Drosophila renal stem cells enhance fitness by delayed remodeling of adult Malpighian tubules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn7436. [PMID: 35594355 PMCID: PMC9122315 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn7436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila renal stem cells (RSCs) contradict the common expectation that stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis. RSCs are abundant, quiescent, and confined to the peri-ureter region of the kidney-like Malpighian tubules (MTs). Although derived during pupation-like intestinal stem cells, RSCs initially remodel the larval MTs only near the intestinal junction. However, following adult injury to the ureter by xanthine stones, RSCs remodel the damaged region in a similar manner. Thus, RSCs represent stem cells encoding a developmental redesign. The remodeled tubules have a larger luminal diameter and shorter brush border, changes linked to enhanced stone resistance. However, RSC-mediated modifications also raise salt sensitivity and reduce fecundity. Our results suggest that RSCs arose by arresting developmental progenitors to preserve larval physiology until a time in adulthood when it becomes advantageous to complete the development by RSC activation.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ho WJ, Smith JNP, Park YS, Hadiono M, Christo K, Jogasuria A, Zhang Y, Broncano AV, Kasturi L, Dawson DM, Gerson SL, Markowitz SD, Desai AB. 15-PGDH regulates hematopoietic and gastrointestinal fitness during aging. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268787. [PMID: 35587945 PMCID: PMC9119474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates the eicosanoid molecule prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in conferring a regenerative phenotype to multiple organ systems following tissue injury. As aging is in part characterized by loss of tissue stem cells' regenerative capacity, we tested the hypothesis that the prostaglandin-degrading enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) contributes to the diminished organ fitness of aged mice. Here we demonstrate that genetic loss of 15-PGDH (Hpgd) confers a protective effect on aging of murine hematopoietic and gastrointestinal (GI) tissues. Aged mice lacking 15-PGDH display increased hematopoietic output as assessed by peripheral blood cell counts, bone marrow and splenic stem cell compartments, and accelerated post-transplantation recovery compared to their WT counterparts. Loss of Hpgd expression also resulted in enhanced GI fitness and reduced local inflammation in response to colitis. Together these results suggest that 15-PGDH negatively regulates aged tissue regeneration, and that 15-PGDH inhibition may be a viable therapeutic strategy to ameliorate age-associated loss of organ fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Ho
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Julianne N. P. Smith
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Matthew Hadiono
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Christo
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alvin Jogasuria
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yongyou Zhang
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alyssia V. Broncano
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi Kasturi
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dawn M. Dawson
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stanton L. Gerson
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sanford D. Markowitz
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Amar B. Desai
- Department of Medicine, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nalapareddy K, Zheng Y, Geiger H. Aging of intestinal stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:734-740. [PMID: 35276089 PMCID: PMC9023768 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine is one of the organs that relies on stem cell function for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recent findings on intestinal aging show that intestinal architecture, such as villus length, crypt size, and cell composition changes in the aged crypts. The correspondent decline in the regenerative capacity of the intestine is mainly due to a decline in intestinal stem cell function upon aging, as the underlying mechanisms of aging intestinal stem cells are beginning to unravel. This review summarizes our current knowledge on stem cell-intrinsic mechanisms of aging of intestinal stem cells and their connection to extrinsic factors, such as niche cells and microbiota and will introduce recent approaches to attenuate or even revert the aging of intestinal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kodandaramireddy Nalapareddy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Hartmut Geiger
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Ageing, death, and potential immortality lie at the heart of biology, but two seemingly incompatible paradigms coexist in different research communities and have done since the nineteenth century. The universal senescence paradigm sees senescence as inevitable in all cells. Damage accumulates. The potential immortality paradigm sees some cells as potentially immortal, especially unicellular organisms, germ cells and cancerous cells. Recent research with animal cells, yeasts and bacteria show that damaged cell constituents do in fact build up, but can be diluted by growth and cell division, especially by asymmetric cell division. By contrast, mammalian embryonic stem cells and many cancerous and 'immortalized' cell lines divide symmetrically, and yet replicate indefinitely. How do they acquire their potential immortality? I suggest they are rejuvenated by excreting damaged cell constituents in extracellular vesicles. If so, our understanding of cellular senescence, rejuvenation and potential immortality could be brought together in a new synthesis, which I call the cellular rejuvenation hypothesis: damaged cell constituents build up in all cells, but cells can be rejuvenated either by growth and cell division or, in 'immortal' cell lines, by excreting damaged cell constituents. In electronic supplementary material, appendix, I outline nine ways in which this hypothesis could be tested.
Collapse
|
34
|
Montano M, Oursler KK, Xu K, Sun YV, Marconi VC. Biological ageing with HIV infection: evaluating the geroscience hypothesis. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2022; 3:e194-e205. [PMID: 36092375 PMCID: PMC9454292 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(21)00278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although people with HIV are living longer, as they age they remain disproportionately burdened with multimorbidity that is exacerbated in resource-poor settings. The geroscience hypothesis postulates that a discrete set of between five and ten hallmarks of biological ageing drive multimorbidity, but these processes have not been systematically examined in the context of people with HIV. We examine four major hallmarks of ageing (macromolecular damage, senescence, inflammation, and stem-cell dysfunction) as gerodrivers in the context of people with HIV. As a counterbalance, we introduce healthy ageing, physiological reserve, intrinsic capacity, and resilience as promoters of geroprotection that counteract gerodrivers. We discuss emerging geroscience-based diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies, and provide examples based on recent advances in cellular senescence, and other, non-pharmacological approaches. Finally, we present a conceptual model of biological ageing in the general population and in people with HIV that integrates gerodrivers and geroprotectors as modulators of homoeostatic reserves and organ function over the lifecourse.
Collapse
|
35
|
Tabibzadeh S. Resolving Geroplasticity to the Balance of Rejuvenins and Geriatrins. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1664-1714. [DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
36
|
Hofmann MC, McBeath E. Sertoli Cell-Germ Cell Interactions Within the Niche: Paracrine and Juxtacrine Molecular Communications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:897062. [PMID: 35757413 PMCID: PMC9226676 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.897062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Male germ cell development depends on multiple biological events that combine epigenetic reprogramming, cell cycle regulation, and cell migration in a spatio-temporal manner. Sertoli cells are a crucial component of the spermatogonial stem cell niche and provide essential growth factors and chemokines to developing germ cells. This review focuses mainly on the activation of master regulators of the niche in Sertoli cells and their targets, as well as on novel molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of growth and differentiation factors such as GDNF and retinoic acid by NOTCH signaling and other pathways.
Collapse
|
37
|
Effect of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation on the Expression of Mitochondria-Related Genes in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010261. [PMID: 35008689 PMCID: PMC8745621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of hormesis describes a phenomenon of adaptive response to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). Similarly, the concept of mitohormesis states that the adaptive program in mitochondria is activated in response to minor stress effects. The mechanisms of hormesis effects are not clear, but it is assumed that they can be mediated by reactive oxygen species. Here, we studied effects of LDIR on mitochondria in mesenchymal stem cells. We have found that X-ray radiation at a dose of 10 cGy as well as oxidized fragments of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) at a concentration of 50 ng/mL resulted in an increased expression of a large number of genes regulating the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Several genes remained upregulated within hours after the exposure. Both X-ray radiation and oxidized cfDNA resulted in upregulation of FIS1 and MFN1 genes, which regulated fusion and fission of mitochondria, within 3-24 h after the exposure. Three hours after the exposure, the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA in cells had increased. These findings support the hypothesis that assumes oxidized cell-free DNA as a mediator of MSC response to low doses of radiation.
Collapse
|
38
|
Vogt G. Cytology, function and dynamics of stem and progenitor cells in decapod crustaceans. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:817-850. [PMID: 34914163 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells play key roles in development, tissue homeostasis, regeneration, ageing and diseases. Comprehensive reviews on stem cells are available for the determinately growing mammals and insects and some lower invertebrates like hydra but are rare for larger, indeterminately growing invertebrates that can live for many decades. This paper reviews the cytology, function and dynamics of stem and progenitor cells in the decapod crustaceans, a species-rich and ecologically and economically important animal group that includes mainly indeterminate growers but also some determinate growers. Further advantages of decapods for stem cell research are almost 1000-fold differences in body size and longevity, the regeneration of damaged appendages and the virtual absence of age-related diseases and tumours in the indeterminately growing species. The available data demonstrate that the Decapoda possess a remarkable variety of structurally and functionally different stem cells in embryos and larvae, and in the epidermis, musculature, haematopoietic tissue, heart, brain, hepatopancreas, olfactory sense organs and gonads of adults. Some of these seem to be rather continuously active over a lifetime but others are cyclically activated and silenced in periods of days, weeks and years, depending on the specific organ and function. Stem cell proliferation is triggered by signals related to development, moulting, feeding, reproduction, injury, infection, environmental enrichment and social status. Some regulatory pathways have already been identified, including the evolutionarily conserved GATA-binding and runt-domain transcription factors, the widespread neurotransmitter serotonin, the arthropod-specific hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone and the novel astakine growth factors. Knowledge of stem cells in decapods primarily refines our picture on the development, growth and maintenance of tissues and organs in this animal group. Cultured decapod stem cells have good potential for toxicity testing and virus research with practical relevance for aquaculture. Knowledge of stem cells in decapods also broadens our understanding of the evolution of stem cells and regeneration in the animal kingdom. The stem cells of long-lived, indeterminately growing decapods may hold the key to understanding how stem and progenitor cells function into old age without adverse side effects, possibly evoking new ideas for the development of anti-ageing and anti-cancer treatments in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günter Vogt
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
González Vázquez AG, Blokpoel Ferreras LA, Bennett KE, Casey SM, Brama PAJ, O'Brien FJ. Systematic Comparison of Biomaterials-Based Strategies for Osteochondral and Chondral Repair in Large Animal Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100878. [PMID: 34405587 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Joint repair remains a major challenge in orthopaedics. Recent progress in biomaterial design has led to the fabrication of a plethora of promising devices. Pre-clinical testing of any joint repair strategy typically requires the use of large animal models (e.g., sheep, goat, pig or horse). Despite the key role of such models in clinical translation, there is still a lack of consensus regarding optimal experimental design, making it difficult to draw conclusions on their efficacy. In this context, the authors performed a systematic literature review and a risk of bias assessment on large animal models published between 2010 and 2020, to identify key experimental parameters that significantly affect the biomaterial therapeutic outcome and clinical translation potential (including defect localization, animal age/maturity, selection of controls, cell-free versus cell-laden). They determined that mechanically strong biomaterials perform better at the femoral condyles; while highlighted the importance of including native tissue controls to better evaluate the quality of the newly formed tissue. Finally, in cell-laded biomaterials, the pre-culture conditions played a more important role in defect repair than the cell type. In summary, here they present a systematic evaluation on how the experimental design of preclinical models influences biomaterial-based therapeutic outcomes in joint repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlyng G. González Vázquez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | - Lia A. Blokpoel Ferreras
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | | | - Sarah M. Casey
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | - Pieter AJ Brama
- School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin (UCD) Dublin 4 D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin (TCD) Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sheng X, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Yan L, Du G, Liu Z, Chen H. Antioxidant Effects of Caffeic Acid Lead to Protection of Drosophila Intestinal Stem Cell Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:735483. [PMID: 34568344 PMCID: PMC8458758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.735483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction or exhaustion of adult stem cells during aging is closely linked to tissue aging and age-related diseases. Circumventing this aging-related exhaustion of adult stem cells could significantly alleviate the functional decline of organs. Therefore, identifying small molecular compounds that could prevent the age-related decline of stem cell function is a primary goal in anti-aging research. Caffeic acid (CA), a phenolic compound synthesized in plants, offers substantial health benefits for multiple age-related diseases and aging. However, the effects of CA on adult stem cells remain largely unknown. Using the Drosophila midgut as a model, this study showed that oral administration with CA significantly delayed age-associated Drosophila gut dysplasia caused by the dysregulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) upon aging. Moreover, administering CA retarded the decline of intestinal functions in aged Drosophila and prevented hyperproliferation of age-associated ISC by suppressing oxidative stress-associated JNK signaling. On the other hand, CA supplementation significantly ameliorated the gut hyperplasia defect and reduced environmentally induced mortality, revealing the positive effects of CA on tolerance to stress responses. Taken together, our findings report a crucial role of CA in delaying age-related changes in ISCs of Drosophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuedan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanyu Zhou
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - La Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Du
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dong Y, Guo C, Zhou W, Li W, Zhang L. Using a new HSPC senescence model in vitro to explore the mechanism of cellular memory in aging HSPCs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:444. [PMID: 34365970 PMCID: PMC8351417 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-associated changes attenuate human blood system functionality through the aging of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), manifested in human populations an increase in myeloproliferative disease and even leukemia; therefore, study on HSPC senescence bears great significance to treat hematopoietic-associated disease. Furthermore, the mechanism of HSPC aging is lacking, especially the cellular memory mechanism. Here, we not only reported a new HSPC senescence model in vitro, but also propose and verify the cellular memory mechanism of HSPC aging of the Polycomb/Trithorax system. METHODS HSPCs (Lin-c-kit+ cells) were isolated and purified by magnetic cell sorting (MACS). The proportions and cell cycle distribution of cells were determined by flow cytometry; senescence-related β-galactosidase assay, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and colony-forming unit (CFU)-mix assay were detected for identification of the old HSPC model. Proteomic tests and RNA-seq were applied to analyze differential pathways and genes in the model cells. qPCR, Western blot (WB), and chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR (CHIP-PCR) were used to detect the gene expression of cell memory-related proteins. Knockdown of cell memory-related key genes was performed with shRNA interference. RESULTS In the model old HSPCs, β-gal activity, cell cycle, colony-forming ability, aging-related cell morphology, and metabolic pathway were significantly changed compared to the young HSPCs. Furthermore, we found the model HSPCs have more obvious aging manifestations than those of natural mice, and IL3 is the major factor contributing to HSPC aging in the model. We also observed dramatic changes in the expression level of PRC/TrxG complexes. After further exploring the downstream molecules of PRC/TrxG complexes, we found that Uhrf1 and TopII played critical roles in HSPC aging based on the HSPC senescence model. CONCLUSIONS These findings proposed a new HSPC senescence model in vitro which we forecasted could be used to preliminary screen the drugs of the HSPC aging-related hemopathy and suggested cellular memory mechanism of HSPC aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongpin Dong
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Ave., Pudong, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunni Guo
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuxiong Zhou
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Ave., Pudong, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lina Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Ave., Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Schuster M, Tewary G, Bao X, Subedi P, Hauck SM, Olsen AK, Eide DM, Trott KR, Götz S, Atkinson MJ, Rosemann M. In vitro cellular and proteome assays identify Wnt pathway and CDKN2A-regulated senescence affected in mesenchymal stem cells from mice after a chronic LD gamma irradiation in utero. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2021; 60:397-410. [PMID: 34287697 PMCID: PMC8310520 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reliable data on the effects of chronic prenatal exposure to low dose (LD) of ionizing radiation in humans are missing. There are concerns about adverse long-term effects that may persist throughout postnatal life of the offspring. Due to their slow cell cycle kinetics and life-long residence time in the organism, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are more susceptible to low level genotoxic stress caused by extrinsic multiple LD events. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic, prenatal LD gamma irradiation to the biology of MSCs later in life. C3H mice were exposed in utero to chronic prenatal irradiation of 10 mGy/day over a period of 3 weeks. Two years later, MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow and analyzed in vitro for their radiosensitivity, for cellular senescence and for DNA double-strand break recognition after a second acute gamma-irradiation. In addition to these cellular assays, changes in protein expression were measured using HPLC-MS/MS and dysregulated molecular signaling pathways identified using bioinformatics. We observed radiation-induced proteomic changes in MSCs from the offspring of in utero irradiated mice (leading to ~ 9.4% of all detected proteins being either up- or downregulated) as compared to non-irradiated controls. The proteomic changes map to regulation pathways involved in the extracellular matrix, the response to oxidative stress, and the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, chronic prenatal LD irradiation lead to an increased rate of in vitro radiation-induced senescence later in life and to an increased number of residual DNA double-strand breaks after 4 Gy irradiation, indicating a remarkable interaction of in vivo radiation in combination with a second acute dose of in vitro radiation. This study provides the first insight into a molecular mechanism of persistent MSC damage response by ionizing radiation exposure during prenatal time and will help to predict therapeutic safety and efficacy with respect to a clinical application of stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schuster
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gargi Tewary
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Prabal Subedi
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), 80939, Munich, Germany
| | - Ann Karin Olsen
- Department of Molecular Biology/Domain for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggt. 8, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Markus Eide
- Department of Molecular Biology/Domain for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggt. 8, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Klaus Rüdiger Trott
- Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Götz
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH (HMGU), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medical Graduate School, Technical University Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Eroglu B, Genova E, Zhang Q, Su Y, Shi X, Isales C, Eroglu A. Photobiomodulation has rejuvenating effects on aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13067. [PMID: 34158600 PMCID: PMC8219765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasticity and proliferative capacity of stem cells decrease with aging, compromising their tissue regenerative potential and therapeutic applications. This decline is directly linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we present an effective strategy to reverse aging of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) by restoring their mitochondrial functionality using photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy. Following the characterization of young and aged MSCs, our results show that a near-infrared PBM treatment delivering 3 J/cm2 is the most effective modality for improving mitochondrial functionality and aging markers. Furthermore, our results unveil that young and aged MSCs respond differently to the same modality of PBM: whereas the beneficial effect of a single PBM treatment dissipates within 7 h in aged stem cells, it is lasting in young ones. Nevertheless, by applying three consecutive treatments at 24-h intervals, we were able to obtain a lasting rejuvenating effect on aged MSCs. Our findings are of particular significance for improving autologous stem cell transplantation in older individuals who need such therapies most.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binnur Eroglu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Evan Genova
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Xingming Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Carlos Isales
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali Eroglu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CA-2004, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kerepesi C, Zhang B, Lee SG, Trapp A, Gladyshev VN. Epigenetic clocks reveal a rejuvenation event during embryogenesis followed by aging. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg6082. [PMID: 34172448 PMCID: PMC8232908 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg6082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The notion that the germ line does not age goes back to the 19th-century ideas of August Weismann. However, being metabolically active, the germ line accumulates damage and other changes over time, i.e., it ages. For new life to begin in the same young state, the germ line must be rejuvenated in the offspring. Here, we developed a multi-tissue epigenetic clock and applied it, together with other aging clocks, to track changes in biological age during mouse and human prenatal development. This analysis revealed a significant decrease in biological age, i.e., rejuvenation, during early stages of embryogenesis, followed by an increase in later stages. We further found that pluripotent stem cells do not age even after extensive passaging and that the examined epigenetic age dynamics is conserved across species. Overall, this study uncovers a natural rejuvenation event during embryogenesis and suggests that the minimal biological age (ground zero) marks the beginning of organismal aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Kerepesi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sang-Goo Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexandre Trapp
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ho TT, Dellorusso PV, Verovskaya EV, Bakker ST, Flach J, Smith LK, Ventura PB, Lansinger OM, Hérault A, Zhang SY, Kang YA, Mitchell CA, Villeda SA, Passegué E. Aged hematopoietic stem cells are refractory to bloodborne systemic rejuvenation interventions. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212183. [PMID: 34032859 PMCID: PMC8155813 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While young blood can restore many aged tissues, its effects on the aged blood system itself and old hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been determined. Here, we used transplantation, parabiosis, plasma transfer, exercise, calorie restriction, and aging mutant mice to understand the effects of age-regulated systemic factors on HSCs and their bone marrow (BM) niche. We found that neither exposure to young blood, nor long-term residence in young niches after parabiont separation, nor direct heterochronic transplantation had any observable rejuvenating effects on old HSCs. Likewise, exercise and calorie restriction did not improve old HSC function, nor old BM niches. Conversely, young HSCs were not affected by systemic pro-aging conditions, and HSC function was not impacted by mutations influencing organismal aging in established long-lived or progeroid genetic models. Therefore, the blood system that carries factors with either rejuvenating or pro-aging properties for many other tissues is itself refractory to those factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore T Ho
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Paul V Dellorusso
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Evgenia V Verovskaya
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Sietske T Bakker
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Johanna Flach
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lucas K Smith
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Patrick B Ventura
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Olivia M Lansinger
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Aurélie Hérault
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Si Yi Zhang
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yoon-A Kang
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Carl A Mitchell
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ruby CL, Major RJ, Hinrichsen RD. Regulation of tissue regeneration by the circadian clock. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3576-3597. [PMID: 33893679 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are regulated by a highly conserved transcriptional/translational feedback loop that maintains approximately 24-hr periodicity from cellular to organismal levels. Much research effort is being devoted to understanding how the outputs of the master clock affect peripheral oscillators, and in turn, numerous biological processes. Recent studies have revealed roles for circadian timing in the regulation of numerous cellular behaviours in support of complex tissue regeneration. One such role involves the interaction between the circadian clockwork and the cell cycle. The molecular mechanisms that control the cell cycle create a system of regulation that allows for high fidelity DNA synthesis, mitosis and apoptosis. In recent years, it has become clear that clock gene products are required for proper DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression, and conversely, elements of the cell cycle cascade feedback to influence molecular circadian timing mechanisms. It is through this crosstalk that the circadian system orchestrates stem cell proliferation, niche exit and control of the signalling pathways that govern differentiation and self-renewal. In this review, we discuss the evidence for circadian control of tissue homeostasis and repair and suggest new avenues for research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ruby
- Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Major
- Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Paul D. Cancer as a form of life: Musings of the cancer and evolution symposium. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 165:120-139. [PMID: 33991584 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced cancer is one of the major problems in oncology as currently, despite the recent technological and scientific advancements, the mortality of metastatic disease remains very high at 70-90%. The field of oncology is in urgent need of novel ideas in order to improve quality of life and prognostic of cancer patients. The Cancer and Evolution Symposium organized online October 14-16, 2020 brought together a group of specialists from different fields that presented innovative strategies for better understanding, preventing, diagnosing, and treating cancer. Today still, the main reasons behind the high incidence and mortality of advanced cancer are, on one hand, the paucity of funding and effort directed to cancer prevention and early detection, and, on the other hand, the lack of understanding of the cancer process itself. I argue that besides being a disease, cancer is also a form of life, and, this frame of reference may provide a fresh look on this complex process. Here, I provide a different angle to several contemporary cancer theories discussing them from the perspective of "cancer-forms of life" (i.e. bionts) point of view. The perspectives and the several "bionts" introduced here, by no means exclusive or comprehensive, are just a shorthand that will hopefully encourage the readers, to further explore the contemporary oncology theoretical landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doru Paul
- Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pen I, Flatt T. Asymmetry, division of labour and the evolution of ageing in multicellular organisms. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190729. [PMID: 33678014 PMCID: PMC7938170 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Between the 1930s and 1960s, evolutionary geneticists worked out the basic principles of why organisms age. Despite much progress in the evolutionary biology of ageing since that time, however, many puzzles remain. The perhaps most fundamental of these is the question of which organisms should exhibit senescence and which should not (or which should age rapidly and which should not). The evolutionary origin of ageing from a non-senescent state has been conceptually framed, for example, in terms of the separation between germ-line and soma, the distinction between parents and their offspring, and-in unicellular organisms-the unequal distribution of cellular damage at cell division. These ideas seem to be closely related to the concept of 'division of labour' between reproduction and somatic maintenance. Here, we review these concepts and develop a toy model to explore the importance of such asymmetries for the evolution of senescence. We apply our model to the simplest case of a multicellular system: an organism consisting of two totipotent cells. Notably, we find that in organisms which reproduce symmetrically and partition damage equally, senescence is still able to evolve, contrary to previous claims. Our results might have some bearing on understanding the origin of the germ-line-soma separation and the evolution of senescence in multicellular organisms and in colonial species consisting of multiple types of individuals, such as, for example, eusocial insects with their different castes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ageing and sociality: why, when and how does sociality change ageing patterns?'
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Pen
- Theoretical Research in Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Flatt
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mehdi MM, Solanki P, Singh P. Oxidative stress, antioxidants, hormesis and calorie restriction: The current perspective in the biology of aging. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 95:104413. [PMID: 33845417 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging, in a large measure, has long been defined as the resultant of oxidative stress acting on the cells. The cellular machinery eventually malfunctions at the basic level by the damage from the processes of oxidation and the system starts slowing down because of intrinsic eroding. To understand the initial destruction at the cellular level spreading outward to affect tissues, organs and the organism, the relationship between molecular damage and oxidative stress is required to understand. Retarding the aging process is a matter of cumulatively decreasing the rate of oxidative damage to the cellular machinery. Along with the genetic reasons, the decrease of oxidative stress is somehow a matter of lifestyle and importantly of diet. In the current review, the theories of aging and the understanding of various levels of molecular damage by oxidative stress have been emphasized. A broader understanding of mechanisms of aging have been elaborated in terms of effects of oxidative at molecular, mitochondrial, cellular and organ levels. The antioxidants supplementation, hormesis and calorie restriction as the prominent anti-aging strategies have also been discussed. The relevance and the efficacy of the antiaging strategies at system level have also been presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bio-engineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Preeti Solanki
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Talukdar S, Das SK, Emdad L, Fisher PB. Autophagy and senescence: Insights from normal and cancer stem cells. Adv Cancer Res 2021; 150:147-208. [PMID: 33858596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process, which allows cells to adapt to metabolic stress through the degradation and recycling of intracellular components to generate macromolecular precursors and produce energy. Autophagy is also critical in maintaining cellular/tissue homeostasis, as well preserving immunity and preventing human disease. Deregulation of autophagic processes is associated with cancer, neurodegeneration, muscle and heart disease, infectious diseases and aging. Research on a variety of stem cell types establish that autophagy plays critical roles in normal and cancer stem cell quiescence, activation, differentiation, and self-renewal. Considering its critical function in regulating the metabolic state of stem cells, autophagy plays a dual role in the regulation of normal and cancer stem cell senescence, and cellular responses to various therapeutic strategies. The relationships between autophagy, senescence, dormancy and apoptosis frequently focus on responses to various forms of stress. These are interrelated processes that profoundly affect normal and abnormal human physiology that require further elucidation in cancer stem cells. This review provides a current perspective on autophagy and senescence in both normal and cancer stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|