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Drosou M, Bhattacharjee S, Pantazis DA. Combined Multireference-Multiscale Approach to the Description of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39116215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
A first-principles description of the primary photochemical processes that drive photosynthesis and sustain life on our planet remains one of the grand challenges of modern science. Recent research established that explicit incorporation of protein electrostatics in excited-state calculations of photosynthetic pigments, achieved for example with quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) approaches, is essential for a meaningful description of the properties and function of pigment-protein complexes. Although time-dependent density functional theory has been used productively so far in QM/MM approaches for the study of such systems, this methodology has limitations. Here we pursue for the first time a QM/MM description of the reaction center in the principal enzyme of oxygenic photosynthesis, Photosystem II, using multireference wave function theory for the high-level QM region. We identify best practices and establish guidelines regarding the rational choice of active space and appropriate state-averaging for the efficient and reliable use of complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and the N-electron valence state perturbation theory (NEVPT2) in the prediction of low-lying excited states of chlorophyll and pheophytin pigments. Given that the Gouterman orbitals are inadequate as a minimal active space, we define specific minimal and extended active spaces for the NEVPT2 description of electronic states that fall within the Q and B bands. Subsequently, we apply our multireference-QM/MM protocol to the description of all pigments in the reaction center of Photosystem II. The calculations reproduce the electrochromic shifts induced by the protein matrix and the ordering of site energies consistent with the identity of the primary donor (ChlD1) and the experimentally known asymmetric and directional electron transfer. The optimized protocol sets the stage for future multireference treatments of multiple pigments, and hence for multireference studies of charge separation, while it is transferable to the study of any photoactive embedded tetrapyrrole system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drosou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sinjini Bhattacharjee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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2
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Gisriel CJ. Recent structural discoveries of photosystems I and II acclimated to absorb far-red light. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149032. [PMID: 38401604 PMCID: PMC11162955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Photosystems I and II are the photooxidoreductases central to oxygenic photosynthesis and canonically absorb visible light (400-700 nm). Recent investigations have revealed that certain cyanobacteria can acclimate to environments enriched in far-red light (700-800 nm), yet can still perform oxygenic photosynthesis in a process called far-red light photoacclimation, or FaRLiP. During this process, the photosystem subunits and pigment compositions are altered. Here, the current structural understanding of the photosystems expressed during FaRLiP is described. The design principles may be useful for guiding efforts to engineer shade tolerance in organisms that typically cannot utilize far-red light.
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3
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Capone M, Parisse G, Narzi D, Guidoni L. Unravelling Mn 4Ca cluster vibrations in the S 1, S 2 and S 3 states of the Kok-Joliot cycle of photosystem II. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:20598-20609. [PMID: 39037338 PMCID: PMC11290063 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy serves as a powerful tool for characterizing intermediate states within the Kok-Joliot cycle. In this study, we employ a QM/MM molecular dynamics framework to calculate the room temperature infrared absorption spectra of the S1, S2, and S3 states via the Fourier transform of the dipole time auto-correlation function. To better analyze the computational data and assign spectral peaks, we introduce an approach based on dipole-dipole correlation function of cluster moieties of the reaction center. Our analysis reveals variation in the infrared signature of the Mn4Ca cluster along the Kok-Joliot cycle, attributed to its increasing symmetry and rigidity resulting from the rising oxidation state of the Mn ions. Furthermore, we successfully assign the debated contributions in the frequency range around 600 cm-1. This computational methodology provides valuable insights for deciphering experimental infrared spectra and understanding the water oxidation process in both biological and artificial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Capone
- Università degli studi dell'Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Parisse
- Università degli studi dell'Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Daniele Narzi
- Università degli studi dell'Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Università degli studi dell'Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, L'Aquila, Italy.
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4
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Pohland AC, Bernát G, Geimer S, Schneider D. Mg 2+ limitation leads to a decrease in chlorophyll, resulting in an unbalanced photosynthetic apparatus in the cyanobacterium Synechocytis sp. PCC6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01112-7. [PMID: 39037691 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Mg2+, the most abundant divalent cation in living cells, plays a pivotal role in numerous enzymatic reactions and is of particular importance for organisms performing oxygenic photosynthesis. Its significance extends beyond serving as the central ion of the chlorophyll molecule, as it also acts as a counterion during the light reaction to balance the proton gradient across the thylakoid membranes. In this study, we investigated the effects of Mg2+ limitation on the physiology of the well-known model microorganism Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Our findings reveal that Mg2+ deficiency triggers both morphological and functional changes. As seen in other oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, Mg2+ deficiency led to a decrease in cellular chlorophyll concentration. Moreover, the PSI-to-PSII ratio decreased, impacting the photosynthetic efficiency of the cell. In line with this, Mg2+ deficiency led to a change in the proton gradient built up across the thylakoid membrane upon illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christin Pohland
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bernát
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Stefan Geimer
- Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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5
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Vinyard DJ, Govindjee G. Bicarbonate is a key regulator but not a substrate for O 2 evolution in Photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01111-8. [PMID: 39037690 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) uses light energy to oxidize water and to reduce plastoquinone in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. O2 is produced as a byproduct. While most members of the PSII research community agree that O2 originates from water molecules, alternative hypotheses involving bicarbonate persist in the literature. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the important roles of bicarbonate in regulating PSII activity and assembly. Further, we emphasize that biochemistry, spectroscopy, and structural biology experiments have all failed to detect bicarbonate near the active site of O2 evolution. While thermodynamic arguments for oxygen-centered bicarbonate oxidation are valid, the claim that bicarbonate is a substrate for photosynthetic O2 evolution is challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Vinyard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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6
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Gisriel CJ, Ranepura G, Brudvig GW, Gunner MR. Assignment of chlorophyll d in the Chl D1 site of the electron transfer chain of far-red light acclimated photosystem II supported by MCCE binding calculations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149496. [PMID: 39038640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gehan Ranepura
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M R Gunner
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Kahali S, Das SK, Kumar R, Gupta K, Kundu R, Bhattacharya B, Nath A, Venkatramani R, Datta A. A water-soluble, cell-permeable Mn(ii) sensor enables visualization of manganese dynamics in live mammalian cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10753-10769. [PMID: 39027293 PMCID: PMC11253179 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00907j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Central roles of Mn2+ ions in immunity, brain function, and photosynthesis necessitate probes for tracking this essential metal ion in living systems. However, developing a cell-permeable, fluorescent sensor for selective imaging of Mn2+ ions in the aqueous cellular milieu has remained a challenge. This is because Mn2+ is a weak binder to ligand-scaffolds and Mn2+ ions quench fluorescent dyes leading to turn-off sensors that are not applicable for in vivo imaging. Sensors with a unique combination of Mn2+ selectivity, μM sensitivity, and response in aqueous media are necessary for not only visualizing labile cellular Mn2+ ions live, but also for measuring Mn2+ concentrations in living cells. No sensor has achieved this combination thus far. Here we report a novel, completely water-soluble, reversible, fluorescent turn-on, Mn2+ selective sensor, M4, with a K d of 1.4 μM for Mn2+ ions. M4 entered cells within 15 min of direct incubation and was applied to image Mn2+ ions in living mammalian cells in both confocal fluorescence intensity and lifetime-based set-ups. The probe was able to visualize Mn2+ dynamics in live cells revealing differential Mn2+ localization and uptake dynamics under pathophysiological versus physiological conditions. In a key experiment, we generated an in-cell Mn2+ response curve for the sensor which allowed the measurement of the endogenous labile Mn2+ concentration in HeLa cells as 1.14 ± 0.15 μM. Thus, our computationally designed, selective, sensitive, and cell-permeable sensor with a 620 nM limit of detection for Mn2+ in water provides the first estimate of endogenous labile Mn2+ levels in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitaroopa Kahali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Sujit Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Kunika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Rajasree Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Baivabi Bhattacharya
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Arnab Nath
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1 Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai 400005 India
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8
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Kornowicz A, Pietrzak T, Korona K, Terlecki M, Justyniak I, Kubas A, Lewiński J. Fresh Impetus in the Chemistry of Calcium Peroxides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18938-18947. [PMID: 38847558 PMCID: PMC11258691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Redox-inactive metal ions are essential in modulating the reactivity of various oxygen-containing metal complexes and metalloenzymes, including photosystem II (PSII). The heart of this unique membrane-protein complex comprises the Mn4CaO5 cluster, in which the Ca2+ ion acts as a critical cofactor in the splitting of water in PSII. However, there is still a lack of studies involving Ca-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) systems, and the exact nature of the interaction between the Ca2+ center and ROS in PSII still generates intense debate. Here, harnessing a novel Ca-TEMPO complex supported by the β-diketiminate ligand to control the activation of O2, we report the isolation and structural characterization of hitherto elusive Ca peroxides, a homometallic Ca hydroperoxide and a heterometallic Ca/K peroxide. Our studies indicate that the presence of K+ cations is a key factor controlling the outcome of the oxygenation reaction of the model Ca-TEMPO complex. Combining experimental observations with computational investigations, we also propose a mechanistic rationalization for the reaction outcomes. The designed approach demonstrates metal-TEMPO complexes as a versatile platform for O2 activation and advances the understanding of Ca/ROS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Kornowicz
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pietrzak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzesimir Korona
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Terlecki
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Justyniak
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kubas
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Krysiak S, Burda K. The Effect of Removal of External Proteins PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ on Flash-Induced Molecular Oxygen Evolution and Its Biphasicity in Tobacco PSII. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7187-7218. [PMID: 39057069 PMCID: PMC11276211 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxygen evolution within photosystem II (PSII) is one of the most enigmatic processes occurring in nature. It is suggested that external proteins surrounding the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) not only stabilize it and provide an appropriate ionic environment but also create water channels, which could be involved in triggering the ingress of water and the removal of O2 and protons outside the system. To investigate the influence of these proteins on the rate of oxygen release and the efficiency of OEC function, we developed a measurement protocol for the direct measurement of the kinetics of oxygen release from PSII using a Joliot-type electrode. PSII-enriched tobacco thylakoids were used in the experiments. The results revealed the existence of slow and fast modes of oxygen evolution. This observation is model-independent and requires no specific assumptions about the initial distribution of the OEC states. The gradual removal of exogenous proteins resulted in a slowdown of the rapid phase (~ms) of O2 release and its gradual disappearance while the slow phase (~tens of ms) accelerated. The role of external proteins in regulating the biphasicity and efficiency of oxygen release is discussed based on observed phenomena and current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kvetoslava Burda
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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10
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Kuang D, Romand S. Optimal photosynthesis requires a balanced diet of ions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:506-508. [PMID: 38794831 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This article is a Commentary on Kunz et al. (2024), 243: 543–559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Kuang
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Shanna Romand
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
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11
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Flesher DA, Liu J, Wang J, Gisriel CJ, Yang KR, Batista VS, Debus RJ, Brudvig GW. Mutation-induced shift of the photosystem II active site reveals insight into conserved water channels. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107475. [PMID: 38879008 PMCID: PMC11294709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is the water-plastoquinone photo-oxidoreductase central to oxygenic photosynthesis. PSII has been extensively studied for its ability to catalyze light-driven water oxidation at a Mn4CaO5 cluster called the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). Despite these efforts, the complete reaction mechanism for water oxidation by PSII is still heavily debated. Previous mutagenesis studies have investigated the roles of conserved amino acids, but these studies have lacked a direct structural basis that would allow for a more meaningful interpretation. Here, we report a 2.14-Å resolution cryo-EM structure of a PSII complex containing the substitution Asp170Glu on the D1 subunit. This mutation directly perturbs a bridging carboxylate ligand of the OEC, which alters the spectroscopic properties of the OEC without fully abolishing water oxidation. The structure reveals that the mutation shifts the position of the OEC within the active site without markedly distorting the Mn4CaO5 cluster metal-metal geometry, instead shifting the OEC as a rigid body. This shift disturbs the hydrogen-bonding network of structured waters near the OEC, causing disorder in the conserved water channels. This mutation-induced disorder appears consistent with previous FTIR spectroscopic data. We further show using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methods that the mutation-induced structural changes can affect the magnetic properties of the OEC by altering the axes of the Jahn-Teller distortion of the Mn(III) ion coordinated to D1-170. These results offer new perspectives on the conserved water channels, the rigid body property of the OEC, and the role of D1-Asp170 in the enzymatic water oxidation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Flesher
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jinchan Liu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jimin Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Ke R Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard J Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA.
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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12
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Chang L, Cui H, Li F, Job Zhang YHP, Zhang L. ATP regeneration by ATPases for in vitro biotransformation. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108377. [PMID: 38763231 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration is a significant step in both living cells and in vitro biotransformation (ivBT). Rotary motor ATP synthases (ATPases), which regenerate ATP in living cells, have been widely assembled in biomimetic structures for in vitro ATP synthesis. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of ATPases, including the working principle, orientation and distribution density properties of ATPases, as well as the assembly strategies and applications of ATPase-based ATP regeneration modules. The original sources of ATPases for in vitro ATP regeneration include chromatophores, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and inverted Escherichia coli (E. coli) vesicles, which are readily accessible but unstable. Although significant advances have been made in the assembly methods for ATPase-artificial membranes in recent decades, it remains challenging to replicate the high density and orientation of ATPases observed in vivo using in vitro assembly methods. The use of bioproton pumps or chemicals for constructing proton motive forces (PMF) enables the versatility and potential of ATPase-based ATP regeneration modules. Additionally, overall robustness can be achieved via membrane component selection, such as polymers offering great mechanical stability, or by constructing a solid supporting matrix through layer-by-layer assembly techniques. Finally, the prospects of ATPase-based ATP regeneration modules can be expected with the technological development of ATPases and artificial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; In vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China
| | - Huijuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; In vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; In vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; In vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; In vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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13
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Graça AT, Lihavainen J, Hussein R, Schröder WP. Obscurity of chlorophyll tails - Is chlorophyll with farnesyl tail incorporated into PSII complexes? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14428. [PMID: 38981693 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Chlorophyll is essential in photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy in plants, algae, and certain bacteria. Its structure, featuring a porphyrin ring enclosing a central magnesium ion, varies in forms like chlorophyll a, b, c, d, and f, allowing light absorption at a broader spectrum. With a 20-carbon phytyl tail (except for chlorophyll c), chlorophyll is anchored to proteins. Previous findings suggested the presence of chlorophyll with a modified farnesyl tail in thermophilic cyanobacteria Thermosynechoccocus vestitus. In our Arabidopsis thaliana PSII cryo-EM map, specific chlorophylls showed incomplete phytyl tails, suggesting potential farnesyl modifications. However, further high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis in A. thaliana and T. vestitus did not confirm the presence of any farnesyl tails. Instead, we propose the truncated tails in PSII models may result from binding pocket flexibility rather than actual modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- André T Graça
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenna Lihavainen
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rana Hussein
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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14
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Yano J, Kern J, Yachandra VK. Structure Function Studies of Photosystem II Using X-Ray Free Electron Lasers. Annu Rev Biophys 2024; 53:343-365. [PMID: 39013027 PMCID: PMC11321711 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-071723-102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The structure and mechanism of the water-oxidation chemistry that occurs in photosystem II have been subjects of great interest. The advent of X-ray free electron lasers allowed the determination of structures of the stable intermediate states and of steps in the transitions between these intermediate states, bringing a new perspective to this field. The room-temperature structures collected as the photosynthetic water oxidation reaction proceeds in real time have provided important novel insights into the structural changes and the mechanism of the water oxidation reaction. The time-resolved measurements have also given us a view of how this reaction-which involves multielectron, multiproton processes-is facilitated by the interaction of the ligands and the protein residues in the oxygen-evolving complex. These structures have also provided a picture of the dynamics occurring in the channels within photosystem II that are involved in the transport of the substrate water to the catalytic center and protons to the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
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15
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Lübben MK, Klingl A, Nickelsen J, Ostermeier M. CLEM, a universal tool for analyzing structural organization in thylakoid membranes. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14417. [PMID: 38945684 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) plays a crucial role in photosynthesis, functioning as a photosensitizer. As an integral component of this process, energy absorbed by this pigment is partly emitted as red fluorescence. This signal can be readily imaged by fluorescence microscopy and provides a visualization of photosynthetic activity. However, due to limited resolution, signals cannot be assigned to specific subcellular/organellar membrane structures. By correlating fluorescence micrographs with transmission electron microscopy, researchers can identify sub-cellular compartments and membranes, enabling the monitoring of Chl distribution within thylakoid membrane substructures in cyanobacteria, algae, and higher plant single cells. Here, we describe a simple and effective protocol for correlative light-electron microscopy (CLEM) based on the autofluorescence of Chl and demonstrate its application to selected photosynthetic model organisms. Our findings illustrate the potential of this technique to identify areas of high Chl concentration and photochemical activity, such as grana regions in vascular plants, by mapping stacked thylakoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian K Lübben
- Department of Molecular Plant Science, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- Plant Development, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg Nickelsen
- Department of Molecular Plant Science, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Ostermeier
- Department of Molecular Plant Science, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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16
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Matzner M, Launhardt L, Barth O, Humbeck K, Goss R, Heilmann I. Inter-Organellar Effects of Defective ER-Localized Linolenic Acid Formation on Thylakoid Lipid Composition, Non-Photochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Xanthophyll Cycle Activity in the Arabidopsis fad3 Mutant. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:958-974. [PMID: 37991227 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is the main lipid constituent of thylakoids and a structural component of photosystems and photosynthesis-related proteo-lipid complexes in green tissues. Previously reported changes in MGDG abundance upon stress treatments are hypothesized to reflect mobilization of MGDG-based polyunsaturated lipid intermediates to maintain extraplastidial membrane integrity. While exchange of lipid intermediates between compartmental membranes is well documented, physiological consequences of mobilizing an essential thylakoid lipid, such as MGDG, for an alternative purpose are not well understood. Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to mild (50 mM) salt treatment displayed significantly increased abundance of both MGDG and the extraplastidial lipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC). Interestingly, similar increases in MGDG and PC were observed in Arabidopsis fad3 mutant seedlings defective in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized linolenic acid formation, in which compensatory plastid-to-ER-directed mobilization of linolenic acid-containing intermediates takes place. The postulated (salt) or evident (fad3) plastid-ER exchange of intermediates concurred with altered thylakoid function according to parameters of photosynthetic performance. While salt treatment of wild-type seedlings inhibited photosynthetic parameters in a dose-dependent manner, interestingly, untreated fad3 mutants did not show overall reduced photosynthetic quantum yield. By contrast, we observed a reduction specifically of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light, representing only part of observed salt effects. The decreased NPQ in the fad3 mutant was accompanied by reduced activity of the xanthophyll cycle, leading to a reduced concentration of the NPQ-effective pigment zeaxanthin. The findings suggest that altered ER-located fatty acid unsaturation and ensuing inter-organellar compensation impacts on the function of specific thylakoid enzymes, rather than globally affecting thylakoid function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Matzner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Science Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Larissa Launhardt
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Science Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Olaf Barth
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Klaus Humbeck
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Reimund Goss
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 23, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Ingo Heilmann
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Science Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
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17
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Hussein R, Graça A, Forsman J, Aydin AO, Hall M, Gaetcke J, Chernev P, Wendler P, Dobbek H, Messinger J, Zouni A, Schröder WP. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals hydrogen positions and water networks in photosystem II. Science 2024; 384:1349-1355. [PMID: 38900892 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn6541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Photosystem II starts the photosynthetic electron transport chain that converts solar energy into chemical energy and thus sustains life on Earth. It catalyzes two chemical reactions: water oxidation to molecular oxygen and plastoquinone reduction. Coupling of electron and proton transfer is crucial for efficiency; however, the molecular basis of these processes remains speculative owing to uncertain water binding sites and the lack of experimentally determined hydrogen positions. We thus collected high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy data of fully hydrated photosystem II from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus to a final resolution of 1.71 angstroms. The structure reveals several previously undetected partially occupied water binding sites and more than half of the hydrogen and proton positions. This clarifies the pathways of substrate water binding and plastoquinone B protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Hussein
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Graça
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jack Forsman
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Orkun Aydin
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Julia Gaetcke
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petko Chernev
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petra Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, D 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Holger Dobbek
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Athina Zouni
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden
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18
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Biswas S, Khaing EP, Zhong V, Eaton-Rye JJ. Arg24 and 26 of the D2 protein are important for photosystem II assembly and plastoquinol exchange in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149150. [PMID: 38906313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PS II) assembly is a stepwise process involving preassembly complexes or modules focused around four core PS II proteins. The current model of PS II assembly in cyanobacteria is derived from studies involving the deletion of one or more of these core subunits. Such deletions may destabilize other PS II assembly intermediates, making constructing a clear picture of the intermediate events difficult. Information on plastoquinone exchange pathways operating within PS II is also unclear and relies heavily on computer-aided simulations. Deletion of PsbX in [S. Biswas, J.J. Eaton-Rye, Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Bioenerg. 1863 (2022) 148519] suggested modified QB binding in PS II lacking this subunit. This study has indicated the phenotype of the ∆PsbX mutant arose by disrupting a conserved hydrogen bond between PsbX and the D2 (PsbD) protein. We mutated two conserved arginine residues (D2:Arg24 and D2:Arg26) to further understand the observations made with the ∆PsbX mutant. Mutating Arg24 disrupted the interaction between PsbX and D2, replicating the high-light sensitivity and altered fluorescence decay kinetics observed in the ∆PsbX strain. The Arg26 residue, on the other hand, was more important for either PS II assembly or for stabilizing the fully assembled complex. The effects of mutating both arginine residues to alanine or aspartate were severe enough to render the corresponding double mutants non-photoautotrophic. Our study furthers our knowledge of the amino-acid interactions stabilizing plastoquinone-exchange pathways while providing a platform to study PS II assembly and repair without the actual deletion of any proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ei Phyo Khaing
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Victor Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Julian J Eaton-Rye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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19
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Liu J, Yang KR, Long Z, Armstrong WH, Brudvig GW, Batista VS. Water Ligands Regulate the Redox Leveling Mechanism of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of the Photosystem II. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15986-15999. [PMID: 38833517 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how water ligands regulate the conformational changes and functionality of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PSII) throughout the catalytic cycle of oxygen evolution remains a highly intriguing and unresolved challenge. In this study, we investigate the effect of water insertion (WI) on the redox state of the OEC by using the molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) hybrid methods. We find that water binding significantly reduces the free energy change for proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from Mn to YZ•, underscoring the important regulatory role of water binding, which is essential for enabling the OEC redox-leveling mechanism along the catalytic cycle. We propose a water binding mechanism in which WI is thermodynamically favored by the closed-cubane form of the OEC, with water delivery mediated by Ca2+ ligand exchange. Isomerization from the closed- to open-cubane conformation at three post-WI states highlights the importance of the location of the MnIII center in the OEC and the orientation of its Jahn-Teller axis to conformational changes of the OEC, which might be critical for the formation of the O-O bond. These findings reveal a complex interplay between conformational changes in the OEC and the ligand environment during the activation of the OEC by YZ•. Analogous regulatory effects due to water ligand binding are expected to be important for a wide range of catalysts activated by redox state transitions in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchan Liu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ke R Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuoran Long
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - William H Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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20
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Lee Y, Moon D, Cho J. Controlling Redox Potential of a Manganese(III)-Bis(hydroxo) Complex through Protonation and the Hydrogen-Atom Transfer Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15796-15805. [PMID: 38829358 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear manganese(III)-hydroxo and -aqua complexes, [MnIII(TBDAP)(OH)2]+ (1), [MnIII(TBDAP)(OH)(OH2)]2+ (2) and [MnIII(TBDAP)(OH2)2]3+ (3), were prepared from a manganese(II) precursor and confirmed using various methods including X-ray crystallography. Thermodynamic analysis showed that protonation from hydroxo to aqua species resulted in increased redox potentials (E1/2) in the order of 1 (-0.15 V) < 2 (0.56 V) < 3 (1.11 V), while pKa values exhibited a reverse trend in the order of 3 (3.87) < 2 (11.84). Employing the Bordwell Equation, the O-H bond dissociation free energies (BDFE) of [MnII(TBDAP)(OH)(OH2)]+ and [MnII(TBDAP)(OH2)2]2+, related to the driving force of 1 and 2 in hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), were determined as 75.3 and 77.3 kcal mol-1, respectively. It was found that the thermodynamic driving force of 2 in HAT becomes greater than that of 1 as the redox potential of 2 increases through protonation from 1 to 2. Kinetic studies on electrophilic reactions using a variety of substrates revealed that 1 is only weakly reactive with O-H bonds, whereas 2 can activate aliphatic C-H bonds in addition to O-H bonds. The reaction rates increased by 1.4 × 104-fold for the O-H bonds by 2 over 1, which was explained by the difference in BDFE and the tunneling effect. Furthermore, 3, possessing the highest redox potential value, was found to undergo an aromatic C-H bond activation reaction under mild conditions. These results provide valuable insights into enhancing electrophilic reactivity by modulating the redox potential of manganese(III)-hydroxo and -aqua complexes through protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Moon
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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21
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Yang J, Zhan S, Wang L, Yang H, Duan L, Fan X, Liu T, Sun L. Adaptive water oxidation catalysis on a carboxylate-sulfonate ligand with low onset potential. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6162-6165. [PMID: 38804570 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02303j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
A water oxidation catalyst Ru-bcs (bcs = 2,2'-bipyridine-6'-carboxylate-6-sulfonate) with a hybrid ligand was reported. Ru-bcs utilizes the electron-donating properties of carboxylate ligands and the on-demand coordination feature of sulfonate ligands to enable a low onset potential of 1.21 V vs. NHE and a high TOF over 1000 s-1 at pH 7. The adaptive chemistry uncovered in this work provides new perspectives for developing molecular catalysts with high efficiency under low driving forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China.
| | - Shaoqi Zhan
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linqin Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lele Duan
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, 325005, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, 325005, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024 Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Noji T, Chiba Y, Saito K, Ishikita H. Energetics of the H-Bond Network in Exiguobacterium sibiricum Rhodopsin. Biochemistry 2024; 63:1505-1512. [PMID: 38745402 PMCID: PMC11155677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Exiguobacterium sibiricum rhodopsin (ESR) functions as a light-driven proton pump utilizing Lys96 for proton uptake and maintaining its activity over a wide pH range. Using a combination of methodologies including the linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation and a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach with a polarizable continuum model, we explore the microscopic mechanisms underlying its pumping activity. Lys96, the primary proton uptake site, remains deprotonated owing to the loss of solvation in the ESR protein environment. Asp85, serving as a proton acceptor group for Lys96, does not form a low-barrier H-bond with His57. Instead, deprotonated Asp85 forms a salt-bridge with protonated His57, and the proton is predominantly located at the His57 moiety. Glu214, the only acidic residue at the end of the H-bond network exhibits a pKa value of ∼6, slightly elevated due to solvation loss. It seems likely that the H-bond network [Asp85···His57···H2O···Glu214] serves as a proton-conducting pathway toward the protein bulk surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Noji
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Chiba
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Keisuke Saito
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishikita
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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23
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Yang S, Liu X, Li S, Yuan W, Yang L, Wang T, Zheng H, Cao R, Zhang W. The mechanism of water oxidation using transition metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5593-5625. [PMID: 38646825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01031g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The water oxidation reaction, a crucial process for solar energy conversion, has garnered significant research attention. Achieving efficient energy conversion requires the development of cost-effective and durable water oxidation catalysts. To design effective catalysts, it is essential to have a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the understanding of the mechanisms of water oxidation using transition metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts, including Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu-based catalysts. It highlights the catalytic mechanisms of different transition metals and emphasizes the importance of monitoring of key intermediates to explore the reaction pathway. In addition, advanced techniques for physical characterization of water oxidation intermediates are also introduced, for the purpose of providing information for establishing reliable methodologies in water oxidation research. The study of transition metal-based water oxidation electrocatalysts is instrumental in providing novel insights into understanding both natural and artificial energy conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Luna Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Haoquan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
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24
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Chen Y, Su Y, Han J, Chen C, Fan H, Zhang C. Synthetic Mn 3Ce 2O 5-Cluster Mimicking the Oxygen-Evolving Center in Photosynthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202401031. [PMID: 38829180 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202401031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The photosynthetic oxygen-evolving center (OEC) is a unique Mn4CaO5-cluster that catalyses water splitting into electrons, protons, and dioxygen. Precisely structural and functional mimicking of the OEC is a long-standing challenge and pressingly needed for understanding the structure-function relationship and catalytic mechanism of O-O bond formation. Herein we report two simple and robust artificial Mn3Ce2O5-complexes that display a remarkable structural similarity to the OEC in regarding of the ten-atom core (five metal ions and five oxygen bridges) and the alkyl carboxylate peripheral ligands. This Mn3Ce2O5-cluster can catalyse the water-splitting reaction on the surface of ITO electrode. These results clearly show that cerium can structurally and functionally replace both calcium and manganese in the cluster. Mass spectroscopic measurements demonstrate that the oxide bridges in the cluster are exchangeable and can be rapidly replaced by the isotopic oxygen of H2 18O in acetonitrile solution, which supports that the oxide bridge(s) may serve as the active site for the formation of O-O bond during the water-splitting reaction. These results would contribute to our understanding of the structure-reactivity relationship of both natural and artificial clusters and shed new light on the development of efficient water-splitting catalysts in artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yao Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Juanjuan Han
- Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Changhui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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25
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Elias E, Oliver TJ, Croce R. Oxygenic Photosynthesis in Far-Red Light: Strategies and Mechanisms. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2024; 75:231-256. [PMID: 38382567 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-090722-125847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis, the process that converts light energy into chemical energy, is traditionally associated with the absorption of visible light by chlorophyll molecules. However, recent studies have revealed a growing number of organisms capable of using far-red light (700-800 nm) to drive oxygenic photosynthesis. This phenomenon challenges the conventional understanding of the limits of this process. In this review, we briefly introduce the organisms that exhibit far-red photosynthesis and explore the different strategies they employ to harvest far-red light. We discuss the modifications of photosynthetic complexes and their impact on the delivery of excitation energy to photochemical centers and on overall photochemical efficiency. Finally, we examine the solutions employed to drive electron transport and water oxidation using relatively low-energy photons. The findings discussed here not only expand our knowledge of the remarkable adaptation capacities of photosynthetic organisms but also offer insights into the potential for enhancing light capture in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Elias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Thomas J Oliver
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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26
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Ataka R, Taniguchi T, Monde K, Tamiaki H. Determination of N-centered stereochemistry in N22-methylated chlorophyll-a derivatives and their epimer-dependent optical spectra. Chirality 2024; 36:e23681. [PMID: 38839280 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
An N-centered epimeric mixture of chlorophyll-a derivatives methylated at the inner nitrogen atom was separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic analyses of the epimerically pure N22-methyl-chlorins revealed that the minor first-eluted and major second-eluted stereoisomers were (22S)- and (22R)-configurations, respectively. Their visible absorption and CD spectra in solution were dependent on the N22-stereochemistry. The epimer-dependent spectral changes were independent of the substituents at the peripheral 3-position of the core chlorin chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Ataka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tohru Taniguchi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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27
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Arshad F, Eaton-Rye JJ. Indirect interactions involving the PsbM or PsbT subunits and the PsbO, PsbU and PsbV proteins stabilize assembly and activity of Photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 160:61-75. [PMID: 38488942 PMCID: PMC11108944 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The low-molecular-weight PsbM and PsbT proteins of Photosystem II (PS II) are both located at the monomer-monomer interface of the mature PS II dimer. Since the extrinsic proteins are associated with the final step of assembly of an active PS II monomer and, in the case of PsbO, are known to impact the stability of the PS II dimer, we have investigated the potential cooperativity between the PsbM and PsbT subunits and the PsbO, PsbU and PsbV extrinsic proteins. Blue-native polyacrylamide electrophoresis and western blotting detected stable PS II monomers in the ∆PsbM:∆PsbO and ∆PsbT:∆PsbO mutants that retained sufficient oxygen-evolving activity to support reduced photoautotrophic growth. In contrast, the ∆PsbM:∆PsbU and ∆PsbT:∆PsbU mutants assembled dimeric PS II at levels comparable to wild type and supported photoautotrophic growth at rates similar to those obtained with the corresponding ∆PsbM and ∆PsbT cells. Removal of PsbV was more detrimental than removal of PsbO. Only limited levels of dimeric PS II were observed in the ∆PsbM:∆PsbV mutant and the overall reduced level of assembled PS II in this mutant resulted in diminished rates of photoautotrophic growth and PS II activity below those obtained in the ∆PsbM:∆PsbO and ∆PsbT:∆PsbO strains. In addition, the ∆PsbT:∆PsbV mutant did not assemble active PS II centers although inactive monomers could be detected. The inability of the ∆PsbT:∆PsbV mutant to grow photoautotrophically, or to evolve oxygen, suggested a stable oxygen-evolving complex could not assemble in this mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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28
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Xian Z, Guo F, Chen M, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wu H, Dai J, Zhang X, Chen Y. Plant-microbe involvement: How manganese achieves harmonious nitrogen-removal and carbon-reduction in constructed wetlands. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130794. [PMID: 38703966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Carbon deficits in inflow frequently lead to inefficient nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands (CWs) treating tailwater. Solid carbon sources, commonly employed to enhance denitrification in CWs, increase carbon emissions. In this study, MnO2 was incorporated into polycaprolactone substrates within CWs, significantly enhancing NH4+-N and NO3--N removal efficiencies by 48.26-59.78 % and 96.84-137.23 %, respectively. These improvements were attributed to enriched nitrogen-removal-related enzymes and increased plant absorption. Under high nitrogen loads (9.55 ± 0.34 g/m3/d), emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) decreased by 147.23-202.51 %, 14.53-86.76 %, and 63.36-87.36 %, respectively. N2O emissions were reduced through bolstered microbial nitrogen removal pathways by polycaprolactone and MnO2. CH4 accumulation was mitigated by the increased methanotrophs and dampened methanogenesis, modulated by manganese. Additionally, manganese-induced increases in photosynthetic pigment contents (21.28-64.65 %) fostered CO2 sequestration through plant photosynthesis. This research provides innovative perspectives on enhancing nitrogen removal and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands with polymeric substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Xian
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Chongqing Water & Environment Holdings Group Ltd., Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Mengli Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Yichu Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Jingyi Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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29
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Cheng R, He X, Li K, Ran B, Zhang X, Qin Y, He G, Li H, Fu C. Rational Design of Organic Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402184. [PMID: 38458150 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Efficient electrocatalysts are pivotal for advancing green energy conversion technologies. Organic electrocatalysts, as cost-effective alternatives to noble-metal benchmarks, have garnered attention. However, the understanding of the relationships between their properties and electrocatalytic activities remains ambiguous. Plenty of research articles regarding low-cost organic electrocatalysts started to gain momentum in 2010 and have been flourishing recently though, a review article for both entry-level and experienced researchers in this field is still lacking. This review underscores the urgent need to elucidate the structure-activity relationship and design suitable electrode structures, leveraging the unique features of organic electrocatalysts like controllability and compatibility for real-world applications. Organic electrocatalysts are classified into four groups: small molecules, oligomers, polymers, and frameworks, with specific structural and physicochemical properties serving as activity indicators. To unlock the full potential of organic electrocatalysts, five strategies are discussed: integrated structures, surface property modulation, membrane technologies, electrolyte affinity regulation, and addition of anticorrosion species, all aimed at enhancing charge efficiency, mass transfer, and long-term stability during electrocatalytic reactions. The review offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of organic electrocatalysts and their practical applications, bridging the understanding gap and paving the way for future developments of more efficient green energy conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Biao Ran
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guanjie He
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Huanxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Chaopeng Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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30
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Juda CE, Handford RC, Bartholomew AK, Powers TM, Gu NX, Meyer E, Roth N, Chen YS, Zheng SL, Betley TA. Cluster dynamics of heterometallic trinuclear clusters during ligand substitution, redox chemistry, and group transfer processes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8242-8248. [PMID: 38817579 PMCID: PMC11134326 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Stepwise metalation of the hexadentate ligand tbsLH6 (tbsLH6 = 1,3,5-C6H9(NHC6H4-o-NHSiMe2tBu)3) affords bimetallic trinuclear clusters (tbsL)Fe2Zn(thf) and (tbsL)Fe2Zn(py). Reactivity studies were pursued to understand metal atom lability as the clusters undergo ligand substitution, redox chemistry, and group transfer processes. Chloride addition to (tbsL)Fe2Zn(thf) resulted in a mixture of species including both all-zinc and all-iron products. Addition of ArN3 (Ar = Ph, 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) to (tbsL)Fe2Zn(py) yielded a mixture of two trinuclear products: (tbsL)Fe3(μ3-NAr) and (tbsL)Fe2Zn(μ3-NAr)(py). The two imido species were separated via crystallization, and outer sphere reduction of (tbsL)Fe2Zn(μ3-NAr)(py) resulted in the formation of a single product, [2,2,2-crypt(K)][(tbsL)Fe2Zn(μ3-NAr)]. These results provide insight into the relationship between heterometallic cluster structure and substitutional lability and could help inform both future catalyst design and our understanding of metal atom lability in bioinorganic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristin E Juda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Rex C Handford
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | | | - Tamara M Powers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Nina X Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Elisabeth Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Nikolaj Roth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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31
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Mao Z, Li X, Li Z, Shen L, Li X, Yang Y, Wang W, Kuang T, Shen JR, Han G. Structure and distinct supramolecular organization of a PSII-ACPII dimer from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4535. [PMID: 38806516 PMCID: PMC11133340 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptophyte algae are an evolutionarily distinct and ecologically important group of photosynthetic unicellular eukaryotes. Photosystem II (PSII) of cryptophyte algae associates with alloxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (ACPs) to act as the peripheral light-harvesting system, whose supramolecular organization is unknown. Here, we purify the PSII-ACPII supercomplex from a cryptophyte alga Chroomonas placoidea (C. placoidea), and analyze its structure at a resolution of 2.47 Å using cryo-electron microscopy. This structure reveals a dimeric organization of PSII-ACPII containing two PSII core monomers flanked by six symmetrically arranged ACPII subunits. The PSII core is conserved whereas the organization of ACPII subunits exhibits a distinct pattern, different from those observed so far in PSII of other algae and higher plants. Furthermore, we find a Chl a-binding antenna subunit, CCPII-S, which mediates interaction of ACPII with the PSII core. These results provide a structural basis for the assembly of antennas within the supercomplex and possible excitation energy transfer pathways in cryptophyte algal PSII, shedding light on the diversity of supramolecular organization of photosynthetic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Mao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- Cryo-EM Centre, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Guangdong, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, 100093, Beijing, China.
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, 257300, Dongying, China.
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32
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Zavřel T, Segečová A, Kovács L, Lukeš M, Novák Z, Pohland AC, Szabó M, Somogyi B, Prášil O, Červený J, Bernát G. A Comprehensive Study of Light Quality Acclimation in Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024:pcae062. [PMID: 38907526 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria play a key role in primary production in both oceans and fresh waters and hold great potential for sustainable production of a large number of commodities. During their life, cyanobacteria cells need to acclimate to a multitude of challenges, including shifts in intensity and quality of incident light. Despite our increasing understanding of metabolic regulation under various light regimes, detailed insight into fitness advantages and limitations under shifting light quality remains underexplored. Here, we study photo-physiological acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 throughout the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range. Using light emitting diodes (LEDs) with qualitatively different narrow spectra, we describe wavelength dependence of light capture, electron transport and energy transduction to main cellular pools. In addition, we describe processes that fine-tune light capture, such as state transitions, or the efficiency of energy transfer from phycobilisomes to photosystems (PS). We show that growth was the most limited under blue light due to inefficient light harvesting, and that many cellular processes are tightly linked to the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool, which was the most reduced under red light. The PSI-to-PSII ratio was low under blue photons, however, it was not the main growth-limiting factor, since it was even more reduced under violet and near far-red lights, where Synechocystis grew faster compared to blue light. Our results provide insight into the spectral dependence of phototrophic growth and can provide the foundation for future studies of molecular mechanisms underlying light acclimation in cyanobacteria, leading to light optimization in controlled cultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Zavřel
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Anna Segečová
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Martin Lukeš
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Zoltán Novák
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Anne-Christin Pohland
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Milán Szabó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Jan Červený
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Gábor Bernát
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
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Capone M, Romanelli M, Castaldo D, Parolin G, Bello A, Gil G, Vanzan M. A Vision for the Future of Multiscale Modeling. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:202-225. [PMID: 38800726 PMCID: PMC11117712 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The rise of modern computer science enabled physical chemistry to make enormous progresses in understanding and harnessing natural and artificial phenomena. Nevertheless, despite the advances achieved over past decades, computational resources are still insufficient to thoroughly simulate extended systems from first principles. Indeed, countless biological, catalytic and photophysical processes require ab initio treatments to be properly described, but the breadth of length and time scales involved makes it practically unfeasible. A way to address these issues is to couple theories and algorithms working at different scales by dividing the system into domains treated at different levels of approximation, ranging from quantum mechanics to classical molecular dynamics, even including continuum electrodynamics. This approach is known as multiscale modeling and its use over the past 60 years has led to remarkable results. Considering the rapid advances in theory, algorithm design, and computing power, we believe multiscale modeling will massively grow into a dominant research methodology in the forthcoming years. Hereby we describe the main approaches developed within its realm, highlighting their achievements and current drawbacks, eventually proposing a plausible direction for future developments considering also the emergence of new computational techniques such as machine learning and quantum computing. We then discuss how advanced multiscale modeling methods could be exploited to address critical scientific challenges, focusing on the simulation of complex light-harvesting processes, such as natural photosynthesis. While doing so, we suggest a cutting-edge computational paradigm consisting in performing simultaneous multiscale calculations on a system allowing the various domains, treated with appropriate accuracy, to move and extend while they properly interact with each other. Although this vision is very ambitious, we believe the quick development of computer science will lead to both massive improvements and widespread use of these techniques, resulting in enormous progresses in physical chemistry and, eventually, in our society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Capone
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, L’Aquila 67010, Italy
| | - Marco Romanelli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Davide Castaldo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Parolin
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bello
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Gabriel Gil
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Instituto
de Cibernética, Matemática y Física (ICIMAF), La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Mirko Vanzan
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
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34
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Noll N, Würthner F. Bioinspired Water Preorganization in Confined Space for Efficient Water Oxidation Catalysis in Metallosupramolecular Ruthenium Architectures. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1538-1549. [PMID: 38710509 PMCID: PMC11112732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusNature has established a sustainable way to maintain aerobic life on earth by inventing one of the most sophisticated biological processes, namely, natural photosynthesis, which delivers us with organic matter and molecular oxygen derived from the two abundant resources sunlight and water. The thermodynamically demanding photosynthetic water splitting is catalyzed by the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II (OEC-PSII), which comprises a distorted tetramanganese-calcium cluster (CaMn4O5) as catalytic core. As an ubiquitous concept for fine-tuning and regulating the reactivity of the active site of metalloenzymes, the surrounding protein domain creates a sophisticated environment that promotes substrate preorganization through secondary, noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions. Based on the high-resolution X-ray structure of PSII, several water channels were identified near the active site, which are filled with extensive hydrogen-bonding networks of preorganized water molecules, connecting the OEC with the protein surface. As an integral part of the outer coordination sphere of natural metalloenzymes, these channels control the substrate and product delivery, carefully regulate the proton flow by promoting pivotal proton-coupled electron transfer processes, and simultaneously stabilize short-lived oxidized intermediates, thus highlighting the importance of an ordered water network for the remarkable efficiency of the natural OEC.Transferring this concept from nature to the engineering of artificial metal catalysts for fuel production has fostered the fascinating field of metallosupramolecular chemistry by generating defined cavities that conceptually mimic enzymatic pockets. However, the application of supramolecular approaches to generate artificial water oxidation catalysts remained scarce prior to our initial reports, since such molecular design strategies for efficient activation of substrate water molecules in confined nanoenvironments were lacking. In this Account, we describe our research efforts on combining the state-of-the art Ru(bda) catalytic framework with structurally programmed ditopic ligands to guide the water oxidation process in defined metallosupramolecular assemblies in spatial proximity. We will elucidate the governing factors that control the quality of hydrogen-bonding water networks in multinuclear cavities of varying sizes and geometries to obtain high-performance, state-of-the-art water oxidation catalysts. Pushing the boundaries of artificial catalyst design, embedding a single catalytic Ru center into a well-defined molecular pocket enabled sophisticated water preorganization in front of the active site through an encoded basic recognition site, resulting in high catalytic rates comparable to those of the natural counterpart OEC-PSII.To fully explore their potential for solar fuel devices, the suitability of our metallosupramolecular assemblies was demonstrated under (electro)chemical and photocatalytic water oxidation conditions. In addition, testing the limits of structural diversity allowed the fabrication of self-assembled linear coordination oligomers as novel photocatalytic materials and long-range ordered covalent organic framework (COF) materials as recyclable and long-term stable solid-state materials for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Noll
- Institut für Organische Chemie
& Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie
& Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg Germany
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35
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Qi J, Chen Q, Chen M, Zhang W, Shen X, Li J, Shangguan E, Cao R. Promoting Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis by Coordination Engineering in Cobalt Phosphate. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403310. [PMID: 38773872 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the structure-activity correlation is an important prerequisite for the rational design of high-efficiency electrocatalysts at the atomic level. However, the effect of coordination environment on electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains enigmatic. In this work, the regulation of proton transfer involved in water oxidation by coordination engineering based on Co3(PO4)2 and CoHPO4 is reported. The HPO4 2- anion has intermediate pKa value between Co(II)-H2O and Co(III)-H2O to be served as an appealing proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) induction group. From theoretical calculations, the pH-dependent OER properties, deuterium kinetic isotope effects, operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Raman studies, the CoHPO4 catalyst beneficially reduces the energy barrier of proton hopping and modulates the formation energy of high-valent Co species, thereby enhancing OER activity. This work demonstrates a promising strategy that involves tuning the local coordination environment to optimize PCET steps and electrocatalytic activities for electrochemical applications. In addition, the designed system offers a motif to understand the structure-efficiency relationship from those amino-acid residue with proton buffer ability in natural photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qi
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Design and Recycle for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qizhen Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Design and Recycle for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Design and Recycle for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinxin Shen
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Design and Recycle for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Enbo Shangguan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Design and Recycle for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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36
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Saito K, Chen Y, Ishikita H. Exploring the Deprotonation Process during Incorporation of a Ligand Water Molecule at the Dangling Mn Site in Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:4728-4734. [PMID: 38693711 PMCID: PMC11104351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The Mn4CaO5 cluster, featuring four ligand water molecules (W1 to W4), serves as the water-splitting site in photosystem II (PSII). X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) structures exhibit an additional oxygen site (O6) adjacent to the O5 site in the fourth lowest oxidation state, S3, forming Mn4CaO6. Here, we investigate the mechanism of the second water ligand molecule at the dangling Mn (W2) as a potential incorporating species, using a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) approach. Previous QM/MM calculations demonstrated that W1 releases two protons through a low-barrier H-bond toward D1-Asp61 and subsequently releases an electron during the S2 to S3 transition, resulting in O•- at W1 and protonated D1-Asp61. During the process of Mn4CaO6 formation, O•-, rather than H2O or OH-, best reproduced the O5···O6 distance. Although the catalytic cluster with O•- at O6 is more stable than that with O•- at W1 in S3, it does not occur spontaneously due to the significantly uphill deprotonation process. Assuming O•- at W2 incorporates into the O6 site, an exergonic conversion from Mn1(III)Mn2(IV)Mn3(IV)Mn4(IV) (equivalent to the open-cubane S2 valence state) to Mn1(IV)Mn2(IV)Mn3(IV)Mn4(III) (equivalent to the closed-cubane S2 valence state) occurs. These findings provide energetic insights into the deprotonation and structural conversion events required for the Mn4CaO6 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Saito
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yang Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishikita
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, The University of
Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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37
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Bhattacharjee S, Arra S, Daidone I, Pantazis DA. Excitation landscape of the CP43 photosynthetic antenna complex from multiscale simulations. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7269-7284. [PMID: 38756808 PMCID: PMC11095388 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06714a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII), the principal enzyme of oxygenic photosynthesis, contains two integral light harvesting proteins (CP43 and CP47) that bind chlorophylls and carotenoids. The two intrinsic antennae play crucial roles in excitation energy transfer and photoprotection. CP43 interacts most closely with the reaction center of PSII, specifically with the branch of the reaction center (D1) that is responsible for primary charge separation and electron transfer. Deciphering the function of CP43 requires detailed atomic-level insights into the properties of the embedded pigments. To advance this goal, we employ a range of multiscale computational approaches to determine the site energies and excitonic profile of CP43 chlorophylls, using large all-atom models of a membrane-bound PSII monomer. In addition to time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) used in the context of a quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics setup (QM/MM), we present a thorough analysis using the perturbed matrix method (PMM), which enables us to utilize information from long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations of native PSII-complexed CP43. The excited state energetics and excitonic couplings have both similarities and differences compared with previous experimental fits and theoretical calculations. Both static TD-DFT and dynamic PMM results indicate a layered distribution of site energies and reveal specific groups of chlorophylls that have shared contributions to low-energy excitations. Importantly, the contribution to the lowest energy exciton does not arise from the same chlorophylls at each system configuration, but rather changes as a function of conformational dynamics. An unexpected finding is the identification of a low-energy charge-transfer excited state within CP43 that involves a lumenal (C2) and the central (C10) chlorophyll of the complex. The results provide a refined basis for structure-based interpretation of spectroscopic observations and for further deciphering excitation energy transfer in oxygenic photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinjini Bhattacharjee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Srilatha Arra
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio (Coppito 1) 67010 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio (Coppito 1) 67010 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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38
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Chen LX, Yano J. Deciphering Photoinduced Catalytic Reaction Mechanisms in Natural and Artificial Photosynthetic Systems on Multiple Temporal and Spatial Scales Using X-ray Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5421-5469. [PMID: 38663009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Utilization of renewable energies for catalytically generating value-added chemicals is highly desirable in this era of rising energy demands and climate change impacts. Artificial photosynthetic systems or photocatalysts utilize light to convert abundant CO2, H2O, and O2 to fuels, such as carbohydrates and hydrogen, thus converting light energy to storable chemical resources. The emergence of intense X-ray pulses from synchrotrons, ultrafast X-ray pulses from X-ray free electron lasers, and table-top laser-driven sources over the past decades opens new frontiers in deciphering photoinduced catalytic reaction mechanisms on the multiple temporal and spatial scales. Operando X-ray spectroscopic methods offer a new set of electronic transitions in probing the oxidation states, coordinating geometry, and spin states of the metal catalytic center and photosensitizers with unprecedented energy and time resolution. Operando X-ray scattering methods enable previously elusive reaction steps to be characterized on different length scales and time scales. The methodological progress and their application examples collected in this review will offer a glimpse into the accomplishments and current state in deciphering reaction mechanisms for both natural and synthetic systems. Looking forward, there are still many challenges and opportunities at the frontier of catalytic research that will require further advancement of the characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin X Chen
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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39
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Dai GZ, Song WY, Xu HF, Tu M, Yu C, Li ZK, Shang JL, Jin CL, Ding CS, Zuo LZ, Liu YR, Yan WW, Zang SS, Liu K, Zhang Z, Bock R, Qiu BS. Hypothetical chloroplast reading frame 51 encodes a photosystem I assembly factor in cyanobacteria. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1844-1867. [PMID: 38146915 PMCID: PMC11062458 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypothetical chloroplast open reading frames (ycfs) are putative genes in the plastid genomes of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Many ycfs are also conserved in the genomes of cyanobacteria, the presumptive ancestors of present-day chloroplasts. The functions of many ycfs are still unknown. Here, we generated knock-out mutants for ycf51 (sll1702) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The mutants showed reduced photoautotrophic growth due to impaired electron transport between photosystem II (PSII) and PSI. This phenotype results from greatly reduced PSI content in the ycf51 mutant. The ycf51 disruption had little effect on the transcription of genes encoding photosynthetic complex components and the stabilization of the PSI complex. In vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that Ycf51 cooperates with PSI assembly factor Ycf3 to mediate PSI assembly. Furthermore, Ycf51 interacts with the PSI subunit PsaC. Together with its specific localization in the thylakoid membrane and the stromal exposure of its hydrophilic region, our data suggest that Ycf51 is involved in PSI complex assembly. Ycf51 is conserved in all sequenced cyanobacteria, including the earliest branching cyanobacteria of the Gloeobacter genus, and is also present in the plastid genomes of glaucophytes. However, Ycf51 has been lost from other photosynthetic eukaryotic lineages. Thus, Ycf51 is a PSI assembly factor that has been functionally replaced during the evolution of oxygenic photosynthetic eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zheng Dai
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei-Yu Song
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chen Yu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zheng-Ke Li
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Shang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chun-Lei Jin
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chao-Shun Ding
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ling-Zi Zuo
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Yan
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sha-Sha Zang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ralph Bock
- Department III, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
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40
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Pavlou A, Styring S, Mamedov F. The S 1 to S 2 and S 2 to S 3 state transitions in plant photosystem II: relevance to the functional and structural heterogeneity of the water oxidizing complex. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01096-4. [PMID: 38662327 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In Photosystem II, light-induced water splitting occurs via the S state cycle of the CaMn4O5-cluster. To understand the role of various possible conformations of the CaMn4O5-cluster in this process, the temperature dependence of the S1 → S2 and S2 → S3 state transitions, induced by saturating laser flashes, was studied in spinach photosystem II membrane preparations under different conditions. The S1 → S2 transition temperature dependence was shown to be much dependent on the type of the cryoprotectant and presence of 3.5% methanol, resulting in the variation of transition half-inhibition temperature by 50 K. No similar effect was observed for the S2 → S3 state transition, for which we also show that both the low spin g = 2.0 multiline and high spin g = 4.1 EPR configurations of the S2 state advance with similar efficiency to the S3 state, both showing a transition half-inhibition temperature of 240 K. This was further confirmed by following the appearance of the Split S3 EPR signal. The results are discussed in relevance to the functional and structural heterogeneity of the water oxidizing complex intermediates in photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pavlou
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stenbjörn Styring
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fikret Mamedov
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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41
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Li YY, Liao RZ. Exploring the Cooperation of the Redox Non-Innocent Ligand and Di-Cobalt Center for the Water Oxidation Reaction Catalyzed by a Binuclear Complex. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400123. [PMID: 38664234 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Water oxidation is a crucial reaction in the artificial photosynthesis system. In the present work, density functional calculations were employed to decipher the mechanism of water oxidation catalyzed by a binuclear cobalt complex, which was disclosed to be a homogeneous water oxidation catalyst in pH=7 phosphate buffer. The calculations showed that the catalytic cycle starts from the CoIII,III-OH2 species. Then, a proton-coupled electron transfer followed by a one-electron transfer process leads to the generation of the formal CoIV,IV-OH intermediate. The subsequent PCET produces the active species, namely the formal CoIV,V=O intermediate (4). The oxidation processes mainly occur on the ligand moiety, including the coordinated water moiety, implying a redox non-innocent behavior. Two cobalt centers keep their oxidation states and provide one catalytic center for water activation during the oxidation process. 4 triggers the O-O bond formation via the water nucleophilic attack pathway, in which the phosphate buffer ion functions as the proton acceptor. The O-O bond formation is the rate-limiting step with a calculated total barrier of 17.7 kcal/mol. The last electron oxidation process coupled with an intramolecular electron transfer results in the generation of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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42
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Debus RJ, Oyala PH. Independent Mutation of Two Bridging Carboxylate Ligands Stabilizes Alternate Conformers of the Photosynthetic O 2-Evolving Mn 4CaO 5 Cluster in Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3870-3884. [PMID: 38602496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The O2-evolving Mn4CaO5 cluster in photosystem II is ligated by six carboxylate residues. One of these is D170 of the D1 subunit. This carboxylate bridges between one Mn ion (Mn4) and the Ca ion. A second carboxylate ligand is D342 of the D1 subunit. This carboxylate bridges between two Mn ions (Mn1 and Mn2). D170 and D342 are located on opposite sides of the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Recently, it was shown that the D170E mutation perturbs both the intricate networks of H-bonds that surround the Mn4CaO5 cluster and the equilibrium between different conformers of the cluster in two of its lower oxidation states, S1 and S2, while still supporting O2 evolution at approximately 50% the rate of the wild type. In this study, we show that the D342E mutation produces much the same alterations to the cluster's FTIR and EPR spectra as D170E, while still supporting O2 evolution at approximately 20% the rate of the wild type. Furthermore, the double mutation, D170E + D342E, behaves similarly to the two single mutations. We conclude that D342E alters the equilibrium between different conformers of the cluster in its S1 and S2 states in the same manner as D170E and perturbs the H-bond networks in a similar fashion. This is the second identification of a Mn4CaO5 metal ligand whose mutation influences the equilibrium between the different conformers of the S1 and S2 states without eliminating O2 evolution. This finding has implications for our understanding of the mechanism of O2 formation in terms of catalytically active/inactive conformations of the Mn4CaO5 cluster in its lower oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91106, United States
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43
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Lei YJ, Zhao L, Lai WH, Huang Z, Sun B, Jaumaux P, Sun K, Wang YX, Wang G. Electrochemical coupling in subnanometer pores/channels for rechargeable batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3829-3895. [PMID: 38436202 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Subnanometer pores/channels (SNPCs) play crucial roles in regulating electrochemical redox reactions for rechargeable batteries. The delicately designed and tailored porous structure of SNPCs not only provides ample space for ion storage but also facilitates efficient ion diffusion within the electrodes in batteries, which can greatly improve the electrochemical performance. However, due to current technological limitations, it is challenging to synthesize and control the quality, storage, and transport of nanopores at the subnanometer scale, as well as to understand the relationship between SNPCs and performances. In this review, we systematically classify and summarize materials with SNPCs from a structural perspective, dividing them into one-dimensional (1D) SNPCs, two-dimensional (2D) SNPCs, and three-dimensional (3D) SNPCs. We also unveil the unique physicochemical properties of SNPCs and analyse electrochemical couplings in SNPCs for rechargeable batteries, including cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, and functional materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges that SNPCs may face in electrochemical reactions in batteries and propose future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jie Lei
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Lingfei Zhao
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Wei-Hong Lai
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Zefu Huang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Bing Sun
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Pauline Jaumaux
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Kening Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China.
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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44
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Ahad S, Lin C, Reppert M. PigmentHunter: A point-and-click application for automated chlorophyll-protein simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:154111. [PMID: 38639311 DOI: 10.1063/5.0198443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll proteins (CPs) are the workhorses of biological photosynthesis, working together to absorb solar energy, transfer it to chemically active reaction centers, and control the charge-separation process that drives its storage as chemical energy. Yet predicting CP optical and electronic properties remains a serious challenge, driven by the computational difficulty of treating large, electronically coupled molecular pigments embedded in a dynamically structured protein environment. To address this challenge, we introduce here an analysis tool called PigmentHunter, which automates the process of preparing CP structures for molecular dynamics (MD), running short MD simulations on the nanoHUB.org science gateway, and then using electrostatic and steric analysis routines to predict optical absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectra within a Frenkel exciton model. Inter-pigment couplings are evaluated using point-dipole or transition-charge coupling models, while site energies can be estimated using both electrostatic and ring-deformation approaches. The package is built in a Jupyter Notebook environment, with a point-and-click interface that can be used either to manually prepare individual structures or to batch-process many structures at once. We illustrate PigmentHunter's capabilities with example simulations on spectral line shapes in the light harvesting 2 complex, site energies in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein, and ring deformation in photosystems I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ahad
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - C Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - M Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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45
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Forde A, Maity S, Freixas VM, Fernandez-Alberti S, Neukirch AJ, Kleinekathöfer U, Tretiak S. Stabilization of Charge-Transfer Excited States in Biological Systems: A Computational Focus on the Special Pair in Photosystem II Reaction Centers. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4142-4150. [PMID: 38593451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Charge-transfer (CT) excited states play an important role in many biological processes. However, many computational approaches often inadequately address the equilibration effects of nuclear and environmental degrees of freedom on these states. One prominent example of systems in which CT states are of utmost importance is reaction centers (RC) in photosystems. Here we use a multiscale approach combined with time-dependent density functional theory to explore the lowest CT excited state of the special pair PD1-PD2 in the Photosystem II-RC of a cyanobacterium. We find that the nonequilibrium CT excited state resides near the Soret band, making an exciton the lowest-energy excited state. However, accounting for nuclear and state-specific dielectric equilibration along the CT potential energy surface (PES), the CT state PD1--PD2+ stabilizes energetically below the excitonic state. This underscores the crucial role of state-specific solvation in mapping the PES of CT states, as demonstrated in a simplified dimer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Forde
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sayan Maity
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Victor M Freixas
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologiia, Univresidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | | | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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46
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Pan X, Yan M, Liu Q, Zhou X, Liao X, Sun C, Zhu J, McAleese C, Couture P, Sharpe MK, Smith R, Peng N, England J, Tsang SCE, Zhao Y, Mai L. Electric-field-assisted proton coupling enhanced oxygen evolution reaction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3354. [PMID: 38637529 PMCID: PMC11026508 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of Mn-Ca complex in photosystem II stimulates research of manganese-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, conventional chemical strategies face challenges in regulating the four electron-proton processes of OER. Herein, we investigate alpha-manganese dioxide (α-MnO2) with typical MnIV-O-MnIII-HxO motifs as a model for adjusting proton coupling. We reveal that pre-equilibrium proton-coupled redox transition provides an adjustable energy profile for OER, paving the way for in-situ enhancing proton coupling through a new "reagent"- external electric field. Based on the α-MnO2 single-nanowire device, gate voltage induces a 4-fold increase in OER current density at 1.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Moreover, the proof-of-principle external electric field-assisted flow cell for water splitting demonstrates a 34% increase in current density and a 44.7 mW/cm² increase in net output power. These findings indicate an in-depth understanding of the role of proton-incorporated redox transition and develop practical approach for high-efficiency electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Mengyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xunbiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Congli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jiexin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Callum McAleese
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Pierre Couture
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Matthew K Sharpe
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Richard Smith
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Nianhua Peng
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jonathan England
- UK National Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Shik Chi Edman Tsang
- Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK.
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK.
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
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Pirnia A, Maqdisi R, Mittal S, Sener M, Singharoy A. Perspective on Integrative Simulations of Bioenergetic Domains. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3302-3319. [PMID: 38562105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Bioenergetic processes in cells, such as photosynthesis or respiration, integrate many time and length scales, which makes the simulation of energy conversion with a mere single level of theory impossible. Just like the myriad of experimental techniques required to examine each level of organization, an array of overlapping computational techniques is necessary to model energy conversion. Here, a perspective is presented on recent efforts for modeling bioenergetic phenomena with a focus on molecular dynamics simulations and its variants as a primary method. An overview of the various classical, quantum mechanical, enhanced sampling, coarse-grained, Brownian dynamics, and Monte Carlo methods is presented. Example applications discussed include multiscale simulations of membrane-wide electron transport, rate kinetics of ATP turnover from electrochemical gradients, and finally, integrative modeling of the chromatophore, a photosynthetic pseudo-organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pirnia
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1004, United States
| | - Ranel Maqdisi
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1004, United States
| | - Sumit Mittal
- VIT Bhopal University, Sehore 466114, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Melih Sener
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1004, United States
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Abhishek Singharoy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1004, United States
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48
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Zhang L, Ruan J, Gao F, Xin Q, Che LP, Cai L, Liu Z, Kong M, Rochaix JD, Mi H, Peng L. Thylakoid protein FPB1 synergistically cooperates with PAM68 to promote CP47 biogenesis and Photosystem II assembly. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3122. [PMID: 38600073 PMCID: PMC11006888 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In chloroplasts, insertion of proteins with multiple transmembrane domains (TMDs) into thylakoid membranes usually occurs in a co-translational manner. Here, we have characterized a thylakoid protein designated FPB1 (Facilitator of PsbB biogenesis1) which together with a previously reported factor PAM68 (Photosynthesis Affected Mutant68) is involved in assisting the biogenesis of CP47, a subunit of the Photosystem II (PSII) core. Analysis by ribosome profiling reveals increased ribosome stalling when the last TMD segment of CP47 emerges from the ribosomal tunnel in fpb1 and pam68. FPB1 interacts with PAM68 and both proteins coimmunoprecipitate with SecY/E and Alb3 as well as with some ribosomal components. Thus, our data indicate that, in coordination with the SecY/E translocon and the Alb3 integrase, FPB1 synergistically cooperates with PAM68 to facilitate the co-translational integration of the last two CP47 TMDs and the large loop between them into thylakoids and the PSII core complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Junxiang Ruan
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Fudan Gao
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qiang Xin
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Li-Ping Che
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Lujuan Cai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zekun Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Mengmeng Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences / Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jean-David Rochaix
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hualing Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences / Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lianwei Peng
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Sheridan KJ, Eaton-Rye JJ, Summerfield TC. Mutagenesis of Ile184 in the cd-loop of the photosystem II D1 protein modifies acceptor-side function via spontaneous mutation of D1-His252 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 702:149595. [PMID: 38340653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The Photosystem II water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase is a multi-subunit complex which catalyses the light-driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen in oxygenic photosynthesis. The D1 reaction centre protein exists in multiple forms in cyanobacteria, including D1FR which is expressed under far-red light. We investigated the role of Phe184 that is found in the lumenal cd-loop of D1FR but is typically an isoleucine in other D1 isoforms. The I184F mutant in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was similar to the control strain but accumulated a spontaneous mutation that introduced a Gln residue in place of His252 located on the opposite side of the thylakoid membrane. His252 participates in the protonation of the secondary plastoquinone electron acceptor QB. The I184F:H252Q double mutant exhibited reduced high-light-induced photodamage and an altered QB-binding site that impaired herbicide binding. Additionally, the H252Q mutant had a large increase in the variable fluorescence yield although the number of photochemically active PS II centres was unchanged. In the I184F:H252Q mutant the extent of the increased fluorescence yield decreased. Our data indicates substitution of Ile184 to Phe modulates PS II-specific variable fluorescence in cells with the His252 to Gln substitution by modifying the QB-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Sheridan
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand; Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Julian J Eaton-Rye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
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50
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Semin B, Loktyushkin A, Lovyagina E. Current analysis of cations substitution in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:237-247. [PMID: 38737202 PMCID: PMC11078907 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-024-01186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Water oxidation in photosystem II (PSII) is performed by the oxygen-evolving complex Mn4CaO5 which can be extracted from PSII and then reconstructed using exogenous cations Mn(II) and Ca2+. The binding efficiency of other cations to the Mn-binding sites in Mn-depleted PSII was investigated without any positive results. At the same time, a study of the Fe cations interaction with Mn-binding sites showed that it binds at a level comparable with the binding of Mn cations. Binding of Fe(II) cations first requires its light-dependent oxidation. In general, the interaction of Fe(II) with Mn-depleted PSII has a number of features similar to the two-quantum model of photoactivation of the complex with the release of oxygen. Interestingly, incubation of Ca-depleted PSII with Fe(II) cations under certain conditions is accompanied by the formation of a chimeric cluster Mn/Fe in the oxygen-evolving complex. PSII with the cluster 2Mn2Fe was found to be capable of water oxidation, but only to the H2O2 intermediate. However, the cluster 3Mn1Fe can oxidize water to O2 with an efficiency about 25% of the original in the absence of extrinsic proteins PsbQ and PsbP. In the presence of these proteins, the efficiency of O2 evolution can reach 80% of the original when adding exogenous Ca2+. In this review, we summarized information on the formation of chimeric Mn-Fe clusters in the oxygen-evolving complex. The data cited may be useful for detailing the mechanism of water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Semin
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119234
| | - Aleksey Loktyushkin
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119234
| | - Elena Lovyagina
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119234
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