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Jiang Q, Chen L, Du M, Duan D. A perspective on reducing stabilizing pressure for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:493002. [PMID: 39168147 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad7217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The theoretical predictions and experimental syntheses of hydrogen sulfide (H3S) have ignited a surge of research interest in hydride superconductors. Over the past two decades, extensive investigations have been conducted on hydrides with the ultimate goal of achieving room-temperature superconductivity under ambient conditions. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the current strategies and progress towards this goal in hydride materials. We conclude their electronic characteristics, hydrogen atom aggregation forms, stability mechanisms, and more. While providing a real-time snapshot of the research landscape, our aim is to offer deeper insights into reducing the stabilizing pressure for high-temperature superconductors in hydrides. This involves defining key long-term theoretical and experimental opportunities and challenges. Although achieving high critical temperatures for hydrogen-based superconductors still requires high pressure, we remain confident in the potential of hydrides as candidates for room-temperature superconductors at ambient pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Du
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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2
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Yan J, Dalladay-Simpson P, Conway LJ, Gorelli F, Pickard C, Liu XD, Gregoryanz E. Remarkable stability of γ - N 2 and its prevalence in the nitrogen phase diagram. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16394. [PMID: 39014016 PMCID: PMC11252275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid nitrogen exhibits a panoply of phenomena ranging from complex molecular crystalline configurations to polymerization and closing band gap at higher densities. Among the elemental molecular solids, nitrogen stands apart for having phases, which can only be stabilized following particular pressure-temperature pathways, indicative of metastability and kinetic barriers. Here, through the combination of Raman spectroscopy and dynamic compression techniques, we find that the appearance of the whole nitrogen phase diagram is determined by the P-T paths taken below 2 GPa. We reveal the existence of the path- and phase-dependent triple point between the β - N 2 , δ loc - N 2 and γ - or ϵ - N 2 . We further show that the β - N 2 towards γ - N 2 path below the triple point, that evades δ ( δ loc )- N 2 , results in the formation of γ - N 2 , which in turn becomes a dominant phase. We then demonstrate, that the β - N 2 through δ ( δ loc )- N 2 above the triple point path leads to the formation of ϵ - N 2 and the "well-established" phase diagram. An additional pathway, which by-passes the rotationally inhibited modifications δ ( δ loc )- N 2 , via rapid compression is found to produce γ - N 2 at higher temperatures. We argue that the pathway and phase sensitive triple point and the compression rate dependent phase formation challenge our understanding of this archetypal dense molecular solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics an Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | | | - Lewis J Conway
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB30FS, UK
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Federico Gorelli
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, CNR-INO, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Chris Pickard
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB30FS, UK
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Xiao-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China.
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics an Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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3
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Schwemmlein AK, Collins GW, LaPierre AJ, Sprowal ZK, Polsin DN, Jeanloz R, Celliers PM, Eggert JH, Rygg JR. A platform for planar dynamic compression of crystalline hydrogen toward the terapascal regime. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:073901. [PMID: 38949467 DOI: 10.1063/5.0205013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
We describe a method for laser-driven planar compression of crystalline hydrogen that starts with a sample of solid para-hydrogen (even-valued rotational quantum number j) having an entropy of 0.06 kB/molecule at 10 K and 2 atm, with Boltzmann constant kB. Starting with this low-entropy state, the sample is compressed using a small initial shock (<0.2 GPa), followed by a pressure ramp that approaches isentropic loading as the sample is taken to hundreds of GPa. Planar loading allows for quantitative compression measurements; the objective of our low-entropy compression is to keep the sample cold enough to characterize crystalline hydrogen toward the terapascal range.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Schwemmlein
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A J LaPierre
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14611, USA
| | - Z K Sprowal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D N Polsin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Jeanloz
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P M Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA
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4
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Jiang Q, Zhang Z, Song H, Ma Y, Sun Y, Miao M, Cui T, Duan D. Ternary superconducting hydrides stabilized via Th and Ce elements at mild pressures. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:550-556. [PMID: 38933186 PMCID: PMC11197597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of covalent H3S and clathrate structure LaH10 with excellent superconducting critical temperatures at high pressures has facilitated a multitude of research on compressed hydrides. However, their superconducting pressures are too high (generally above 150 GPa), thereby hindering their application. In addition, making room-temperature superconductivity close to ambient pressure in hydrogen-based superconductors is challenging. In this work, we calculated the chemically "pre-compressed" Be-H by heavy metals Th and Ce to stabilize the superconducting phase near ambient pressure. An unprecedented ThBeH8 (CeBeH8) with a "fluorite-type" structure was predicted to be thermodynamically stable above 69 GPa (76 GPa), yielding a T c of 113 K (28 K) decompressed to 7 GPa (13 GPa) by solving the anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg equations. Be-H vibrations play a vital role in electron-phonon coupling and structural stability of these ternary hydrides. Our results will guide further experiments toward synthesizing ternary hydride superconductors at mild pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao Song
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yanbin Ma
- College of Physics, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuanhui Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Los Angeles 91330, United States
| | - Maosheng Miao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Los Angeles 91330, United States
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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5
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Li C. High-pressure structures of solid hydrogen: Insights from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144302. [PMID: 38587224 DOI: 10.1063/5.0198080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the structural behavior of solid hydrogen under high pressures is crucial for uncovering its unique properties and potential applications. In this study, starting from the phase I of solid hydrogen-free-rotator hcp structure, we conduct extensive ab initio molecular dynamics calculations to simulate the cooling, heating, and equilibrium processes within a pressure range of 80-260 GPa. Without relying on any structure previously predicted, we identify the high-pressure phase structures of solid hydrogen as P21/c for phase II, P6522 for phase III, and BG1BG2BG3 six-layer structure for phase IV, which are different from those proposed previously using the structure-search method. The reasonability of these structures are validated by Raman spectra and x-ray diffraction patterns by comparison with the experimental results. Our results actually show pronounced changes in the c/a ratio between phases I, III, and IV, which hold no brief for the experimental interpretation of an isostructural hcp transformations for phases I-III-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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6
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Du J, Jiang Q, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Chen L, Huo Z, Song H, Tian F, Duan D, Cui T. First-principles study of high-pressure structural phase transition and superconductivity of YBeH8. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:094116. [PMID: 38445840 DOI: 10.1063/5.0195828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The theory-led prediction of LaBeH8, which has a high superconducting critical temperature (Tc) above liquid nitrogen under a pressure level below 1 Mbar, has been experimentally confirmed. YBeH8, which has a structural configuration similar to that of LaBeH8, has also been predicted to be a high-temperature superconductor at high pressure. In this study, we focus on the structural phase transition and superconductivity of YBeH8 under pressure by using first-principles calculations. Except for the known face-centered cubic phase of Fm3̄m, we found a monoclinic phase with P1̄ symmetry. Moreover, the P1̄ phase transforms to the Fm3̄m phase at ∼200 GPa with zero-point energy corrections. Interestingly, the P1̄ phase undergoes a complex electronic phase transition from semiconductor to metal and then to superconducting states with a low Tc of 40 K at 200 GPa. The Fm3̄m phase exhibits a high Tc of 201 K at 200 GPa, and its Tc does not change significantly with pressure. When we combine the method using two coupling constants, λopt and λac, with first-principles calculations, λopt is mainly supplied by the Be-H alloy backbone, which accounts for about 85% of total λ and makes the greatest contribution to the high Tc. These insights not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the superconducting behavior of this ternary hydride but may also guide the experimental synthesis of hydrogen-rich compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Du
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - ZiHao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Song
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Fubo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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7
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Loa I, Landgren F. On: X-ray diffraction from the electron gas in monatomic metallic hydrogen. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:185401. [PMID: 38215491 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad1e08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Solid hydrogen is expected to become a monatomic metal under sufficiently high compression. With hydrogen having only a single valence electron and no ion core, the nature of x-ray diffraction patterns from the electron gas of monatomic metallic hydrogen is uncertain, and it is unclear whether they may yield enough information for a crystal structure determination. With emphasis on the Cs-IV-type (I41/amd) structure predicted for hydrogen at ∼500 GPa, the electron density distributions, zero-point and thermal atomic motion, and x-ray diffraction intensities are determined from first-principles calculations for several candidate phases of metallic hydrogen. It is shown that the electron distribution is much more structured than might be expected from the commonly employed free-electron-gas picture, and in fact more modulated than what is obtained from the superposition of free-atom charge densities. We demonstrate that an identification of the crystal structure of monatomic metallic hydrogen from x-ray diffraction is fundamentally possible and discuss the possibility of single-crystal diffraction from metallic hydrogen. An atomic scattering factor for the hydrogen atom in monatomic metallic hydrogen is constructed to aid the quantitative analysis of diffraction intensities from future x-ray diffraction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Loa
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Filip Landgren
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
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8
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Wu J, Zhu B, Ding C, Pei C, Wang Q, Sun J, Qi Y. Superconducting ternary hydrides in Ca-U-H under high pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:165703. [PMID: 38194718 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad1ca7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The research on hydrogen-rich ternary compounds attract tremendous attention for it paves new route to room-temperature superconductivity at lower pressures. Here, we study the crystal structures, electronic structures, and superconducting properties of the ternary Ca-U-H system, combining crystal structure predictions withab-initiocalculations under high pressure. We found four dynamically stable structures with hydrogen clathrate cages: CaUH12-Cmmm, CaUH12-Fd-3m, Ca2UH18-P-3m1, and CaU3H32-Pm-3m. Among them, the Ca2UH18-P-3m1 and CaU3H32-Pm-3mare likely to be synthesized below 1 megabar. Thefelectrons in U atoms make dominant contribution to the electronic density of states around the Fermi energy. The electron-phonon interaction calculations reveal that phonon softening in the mid-frequency region can enhance the electron-phonon coupling significantly. TheTcvalue of Ca2UH18-P-3m1 is estimated to be 57.5-65.8 K at 100 GPa. Our studies demonstrate that introducing actinides into alkaline-earth metal hydrides provides possibility in designing novel superconducting ternary hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juefei Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangshuai Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Ding
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiying Pei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Qi
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
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9
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Wang M, Kuzovnikov MA, Binns J, Li X, Peña-Alvarez M, Hermann A, Gregoryanz E, Howie RT. Synthesis and characterization of XeAr2 under high pressure. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:134508. [PMID: 37795788 DOI: 10.1063/5.0158742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The binary Xe-Ar system has been studied in a series of high pressure diamond anvil cell experiments up to 60 GPa at 300 K. In-situ x-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy indicate the formation of a van der Waals compound, XeAr2, at above 3.5 GPa. Powder x-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that XeAr2 adopts a Laves MgZn2-type structure with space group P63/mmc and cell parameters a = 6.595 Å and c = 10.716 Å at 4 GPa. Density functional theory calculations support the structure determination, with agreement between experimental and calculated Raman spectra. Our DFT calculations suggest that XeAr2 would remain stable without a structural transformation or decomposition into elemental Xe and Ar up to at least 80 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Wang
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mikhail A Kuzovnikov
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Binns
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Information, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - Ross T Howie
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
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10
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Tu H, Pan L, Qi H, Zhang S, Li F, Sun C, Wang X, Cui T. Ultrafast dynamics under high-pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:253002. [PMID: 36898154 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure is a mechanical method to regulate the structure and internal interaction of materials. Therefore, observation of properties' change can be realized in a relatively pure environment. Furthermore, high-pressure affects the delocalization of wavefunction among materials' atoms and thus their dynamics process. Dynamics results are essential data for understanding the physical and chemical characteristics, which is valuable for materials application and development. Ultrafast spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate dynamics process and becoming a necessary characterization method for materials investigation. The combination of high-pressure with ultrafast spectroscopy in the nanocosecond∼femtosecond scale enables us to investigate the influence of the enhanced interaction between particles on the physical and chemical properties of materials, such as energy transfer, charge transfer, Auger recombination, etc. Base on this point of view, this review summarizes recent progress in the ultrafast dynamics under high-pressure for various materials, in which new phenomena and new mechanisms are observed. In this review, we describe in detail the principles ofin situhigh pressure ultrafast dynamics probing technology and its field of application. On this basis, the progress of the study of dynamic processes under high-pressure in different material systems is summarized. An outlook onin situhigh-pressure ultrafast dynamics research is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wang JF, Liu L, Liu XD, Li Q, Cui JM, Zhou DF, Zhou JY, Wei Y, Xu HA, Xu W, Lin WX, Yan JW, He ZX, Liu ZH, Hao ZH, Li HO, Liu W, Xu JS, Gregoryanz E, Li CF, Guo GC. Magnetic detection under high pressures using designed silicon vacancy centres in silicon carbide. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:489-494. [PMID: 36959503 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-induced magnetic phase transitions are attracting interest as a means to detect superconducting behaviour at high pressures in diamond anvil cells, but determining the local magnetic properties of samples is a challenge due to the small volumes of sample chambers. Optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond has recently been used for the in situ detection of pressure-induced phase transitions. However, owing to their four orientation axes and temperature-dependent zero-field splitting, interpreting these optically detected magnetic resonance spectra remains challenging. Here we study the optical and spin properties of implanted silicon vacancy defects in 4H-silicon carbide that exhibit single-axis and temperature-independent zero-field splitting. Using this technique, we observe the magnetic phase transition of Nd2Fe14B at about 7 GPa and map the critical temperature-pressure phase diagram of the superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.6. These results highlight the potential of silicon vacancy-based quantum sensors for in situ magnetic detection at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jin-Ming Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di-Fan Zhou
- Physics Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Yang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-An Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Wan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Wu-Xi Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jin-Wei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen-Xuan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng-Hao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-He Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Ou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jin-Shi Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China.
| | - Chuan-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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12
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Eremets MI, Minkov VS, Kong PP, Drozdov AP, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB. Universal diamond edge Raman scale to 0.5 terapascal and implications for the metallization of hydrogen. Nat Commun 2023; 14:907. [PMID: 36806640 PMCID: PMC9938121 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent progress in generating static pressures up to terapascal values opens opportunities for studying novel materials with unusual properties, such as metallization of hydrogen and high-temperature superconductivity. However, an evaluation of pressure above ~0.3 terapascal is a challenge. We report a universal high-pressure scale up to ~0.5 terapascal, which is based on the shift of the Raman edge of stressed diamond anvils correlated with the equation of state of Au and does not require an additional pressure sensor. According to the new scale, the pressure values are substantially lower by 20% at ~0.5 terapascal compared to the extrapolation of the existing scales. We compare the available data of H2 at the highest static pressures. We show that the onset of the proposed metallization of molecular hydrogen reported by different groups is consistent when corrected with the new scale and can be compared with various theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Eremets
- grid.419509.00000 0004 0491 8257Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, Mainz, 55128 Germany
| | - V. S. Minkov
- grid.419509.00000 0004 0491 8257Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, Mainz, 55128 Germany
| | - P. P. Kong
- grid.419509.00000 0004 0491 8257Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, Mainz, 55128 Germany
| | - A. P. Drozdov
- grid.419509.00000 0004 0491 8257Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, Mainz, 55128 Germany
| | - S. Chariton
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - V. B. Prakapenka
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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13
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Shumovskyi NA, Buldyrev SV. Generic maximum-valence model for fluid polyamorphism. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:024140. [PMID: 36932473 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.024140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a maximal-valence model has been proposed to model a liquid-liquid phase transition induced by polymerization in sulfur. In this paper we present a simple generic model to describe liquid polyamorphism in single-component fluids using a maximum-valence approach for any arbitrary coordination number. The model contains three types of interactions: (i) atoms attract each other by van der Waals forces that generate a liquid-gas transition at low pressures, (ii) atoms may form covalent bonds that induce association, and (iii) additional repulsive forces between atoms with maximal valence and atoms with any valence. This additional repulsion generates liquid-liquid phase separation and the region of the negative heat expansion coefficient (density anomaly) on a P-T phase diagram. We show the existence of liquid-liquid phase transitions for dimerization, polymerization, gelation, and network formation for corresponding coordination numbers z=1,2,...,6 and discuss the limits of this generic model for producing fluid polyamorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergey V Buldyrev
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10033, USA
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14
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Peña-Alvarez M, Binns J, Marqués M, Kuzovnikov MA, Dalladay-Simpson P, Pickard CJ, Ackland GJ, Gregoryanz E, Howie RT. Chemically Assisted Precompression of Hydrogen Molecules in Alkaline-Earth Tetrahydrides. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8447-8454. [PMID: 36053162 PMCID: PMC9488899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Through a series of high pressure diamond anvil experiments, we report the synthesis of alkaline earth (Ca, Sr, Ba) tetrahydrides, and investigate their properties through Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. The tetrahydrides incorporate both atomic and quasi-molecular hydrogen, and we find that the frequency of the intramolecular stretching mode of the H2δ- units downshifts from Ca to Sr and to Ba upon compression. The experimental results indicate that the larger the host cation, the longer the H2δ- bond. Analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) demonstrates that the lengthening of the H-H bond is caused by the charge transfer from the metal to H2δ- and by the steric effect of the metal host on the H-H bond. This effect is most prominent for BaH4, where the precompression of H2δ- units at 50 GPa results in bond lengths comparable to that of pure H2 above 275 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Jack Binns
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
| | - Miriam Marqués
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Mikhail A. Kuzovnikov
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
| | - Chris J. Pickard
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku
University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Graeme J. Ackland
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory
of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid
State Physics, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Ross T. Howie
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
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15
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Fried NR, Longo TJ, Anisimov MA. Thermodynamic modeling of fluid polyamorphism in hydrogen at extreme conditions. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:101101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0107043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid polyamorphism, the existence of multiple amorphous fluid states in a single-component system, has been observed or predicted in a variety of substances. A remarkable example of this phenomenon is the fluid–fluid phase transition (FFPT) in high-pressure hydrogen between insulating and conducting high-density fluids. This transition is induced by the reversible dimerization/dissociation of the molecular and atomistic states of hydrogen. In this work, we present the first attempt to thermodynamically model the FFPT in hydrogen at extreme conditions. Our predictions for the phase coexistence and the reaction equilibrium of the two alternative forms of fluid hydrogen are based on experimental data and supported by the results of simulations. Remarkably, we find that the law of corresponding states can be utilized to construct a unified equation of state combining the available computational results for different models of hydrogen and the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R. Fried
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Thomas J. Longo
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Mikhail A. Anisimov
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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16
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Loubeyre P, Occelli F, Dumas P. Compression of D_{2} to 460 GPa and Isotopic Effects in the Path to Metal Hydrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:035501. [PMID: 35905331 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.035501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
How are nuclear quantum fluctuations affecting the properties of dense hydrogen approaching metallization? We report here Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron infrared absorption measurements on deuterium up to 460 GPa at 80 K. By comparing to a previous similar study on hydrogen, isotopic effects on the electronic and vibrational properties in phase III are disclosed. Also, evidence of a probable transition to metal deuterium is observed, shifted by about 35 GPa compared to that in hydrogen. Advanced calculations, quantifying a reduction of the band gap caused by nuclear quantum fluctuations, are compared to the present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Loubeyre
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Laboratoire Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
| | - Florent Occelli
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Laboratoire Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
| | - Paul Dumas
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
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17
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Yao Y. Theoretical methods for structural phase transitions in elemental solids at extreme conditions: statics and dynamics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:363001. [PMID: 35724660 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7a82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, theoretical studies have moved from a traditionally supporting role to a more proactive role in the research of phase transitions at high pressures. In many cases, theoretical prediction leads the experimental exploration. This is largely owing to the rapid progress of computer power and theoretical methods, particularly the structure prediction methods tailored for high-pressure applications. This review introduces commonly used structure searching techniques based on static and dynamic approaches, their applicability in studying phase transitions at high pressure, and new developments made toward predicting complex crystalline phases. Successful landmark studies for each method are discussed, with an emphasis on elemental solids and their behaviors under high pressure. The review concludes with a perspective on outstanding challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansun Yao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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18
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Song X, Liu C, Li Q, Hemley RJ, Ma Y, Chen C. Stress-induced high- Tc superconductivity in solid molecular hydrogen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122691119. [PMID: 35749362 PMCID: PMC9245693 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122691119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid molecular hydrogen has been predicted to be metallic and high-temperature superconducting at ultrahigh hydrostatic pressures that push current experimental limits. Meanwhile, little is known about the influence of nonhydrostatic conditions on its electronic properties at extreme pressures where anisotropic stresses are inevitably present and may also be intentionally introduced. Here we show by first-principles calculations that solid molecular hydrogen compressed to multimegabar pressures can sustain large anisotropic compressive or shear stresses that, in turn, cause major crystal symmetry reduction and charge redistribution that accelerate bandgap closure and promote superconductivity relative to pure hydrostatic compression. Our findings highlight a hitherto largely unexplored mechanism for creating superconducting dense hydrogen, with implications for exploring similar phenomena in hydrogen-rich compounds and other molecular crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Russell J. Hemley
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, and Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154
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19
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Li X, Su H, Liang W, Zhou W, Rahman A, Xu Z, Zhong C, Mai D, Dai R, Gou H, Wang Z, Zheng X, Wu Q, Zhang Z. Inference of a "Hot Ice" Layer in Nitrogen-Rich Planets: Demixing the Phase Diagram and Phase Composition for Variable Concentration Helium-Nitrogen Mixtures Based on Isothermal Compression. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3745-3757. [PMID: 35648656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) chemistry in simple molecular systems may be important for understanding the structure and properties of the interiors of the outer planets and their satellites, where pressures are high and such components may be abundant. In the current study, Raman spectra and visual observation are employed to investigate the phase separation and composition determination for helium-nitrogen mixtures with helium concentrations from 20 to 95% along the 295 K isothermal compression. Fluid-fluid-solid triple-phase equilibrium and several equilibria of two phases including fluid-fluid and fluid-solid have been observed in different helium-nitrogen mixtures upon loading or unloading pressure. The homogeneous fluid in helium-nitrogen mixtures separates into a helium-rich fluid (F1) and a nitrogen-rich fluid (F2) with increasing pressure. The triple-phase point occurs at 295 K and 8.8 GPa for a solid-phase (N2)11He vdW compound, fluid F1 with around 50% helium, and fluid F2 with 95% helium. Helium concentrations of F1 coexisted with the (N2)11He vdW compound or δ-N2 in helium-nitrogen mixtures with different helium concentrations between 40 and 50% and between 20 and 40%, respectively. In addition, the helium concentration of F2 is the same in helium-nitrogen mixtures with different helium concentrations and decreases upon loading pressure. Pressure-induced nitrogen molecule ordering at 32.6 GPa and a structural phase transition at 110 GPa are observed in (N2)11He. In addition, at 187 GPa, a pressure-induced transition to an amorphous state is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Li
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wentao Liang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenju Zhou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Azizur Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zilong Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Di Mai
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rucheng Dai
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Huiyang Gou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhongping Wang
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xianxu Zheng
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 360001, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 360001, China
| | - Zengming Zhang
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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20
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Yan J, Liu X, Gorelli FA, Xu H, Zhang H, Hu H, Gregoryanz E, Dalladay-Simpson P. Compression rate of dynamic diamond anvil cells from room temperature to 10 K. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:063901. [PMID: 35778034 DOI: 10.1063/5.0091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is an ever increasing interest in studying dynamic-pressure dependent phenomena utilizing dynamic Diamond Anvil Cells (dDACs), devices capable of a highly controlled rate of compression. Here, we characterize and compare the compression rate of dDACs in which the compression is actuated via three different methods: (1) stepper motor (S-dDAC), (2) gas membrane (M-dDAC), and (3) piezoactuator (P-dDAC). The compression rates of these different types of dDAC were determined solely on millisecond time-resolved R1-line fluorescence of a ruby sphere located within the sample chamber. Furthermore, these different dynamic compression-techniques have been described and characterized over a broad temperature and pressure range from 10 to 300 K and 0-50 GPa. At room temperature, piezoactuation (P-dDAC) has a clear advantage in controlled extremely fast compression, having recorded a compression rate of ∼7 TPa/s, which is also found to be primarily influenced by the charging time of the piezostack. At 40-250 K, gas membranes (M-dDAC) have also been found to generate rapid compression of ∼0.5-3 TPa/s and are readily interfaced with moderate cryogenic and ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Approaching more extreme cryogenic conditions (<10 K), a stepper motor driven lever arm (S-dDAC) offers a solution for high-precision moderate compression rates in a regime where P-dDACs and M-dDACs can become difficult to incorporate. The results of this paper demonstrate the applicability of different dynamic compression techniques, and when applied, they can offer us new insights into matter's response to strain, which is highly relevant to physics, geoscience, and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Federico Aiace Gorelli
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Huichao Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huixin Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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21
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Ranieri U, Conway LJ, Donnelly ME, Hu H, Wang M, Dalladay-Simpson P, Peña-Alvarez M, Gregoryanz E, Hermann A, Howie RT. Formation and Stability of Dense Methane-Hydrogen Compounds. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:215702. [PMID: 35687440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.215702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Through a series of x-ray diffraction, optical spectroscopy diamond anvil cell experiments, combined with density functional theory calculations, we explore the dense CH_{4}-H_{2} system. We find that pressures as low as 4.8 GPa can stabilize CH_{4}(H_{2})_{2} and (CH_{4})_{2}H_{2}, with the latter exhibiting extreme hardening of the intramolecular vibrational mode of H_{2} units within the structure. On further compression, a unique structural composition, (CH_{4})_{3}(H_{2})_{25}, emerges. This novel structure holds a vast amount of molecular hydrogen and represents the first compound to surpass 50 wt % H_{2}. These compounds, stabilized by nuclear quantum effects, persist over a broad pressure regime, exceeding 160 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umbertoluca Ranieri
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lewis J Conway
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mary-Ellen Donnelly
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huixin Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengnan Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ross T Howie
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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22
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Terry LR, Rols S, Tian M, da Silva I, Bending SJ, Ting VP. Manipulation of the crystalline phase diagram of hydrogen through nanoscale confinement effects in porous carbons. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:7250-7261. [PMID: 35521741 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00587e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Condensed phases of molecular hydrogen (H2) are highly desired for clean energy applications ranging from hydrogen storage to nuclear fusion and superconductive energy storage. However, in bulk hydrogen, such dense phases typically only form at exceedingly low temperatures or extremely high (typically hundreds of GPa) pressures. Here, confinement of H2 within nanoporous materials is shown to significantly manipulate the hydrogen phase diagram leading to preferential stabilization of unusual crystalline H2 phases. Using pressure and temperature-dependent neutron scattering at pressures between 200-2000 bar (0.02-0.2 GPa) and temperatures between 10-77 K to map out the phase diagram of H2 when confined inside both meso- and microporous carbons, we conclusively demonstrate the preferential stabilisation of face-centred cubic (FCC) solid ortho-H2 in microporous carbons, at temperatures five times higher than would be possible in bulk H2. Through examination of nanoconfined H2 rotational dynamics, preferential adsorption and spin trapping of ortho-H2, as well as the loss of rotational energy and severe restriction of rotational degrees of freedom caused by the unique micropore environments, are shown to result in changes to phase behaviour. This work provides a general strategy for further manipulation of the H2 phase diagram via nanoconfinement effects, and for tuning of anisotropic potential through control of confining material composition and pore size. This approach could potentially provide lower energy routes to the formation and study of more exotic non-equilibrium condensed phases of hydrogen that could be useful for a wide range of energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lui R Terry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1TR UK.
| | | | - Mi Tian
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Ivan da Silva
- ISIS Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | | | - Valeska P Ting
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1TR UK.
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23
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Li YP, Yang L, Liu HD, Jiao N, Ni MY, Hao N, Lu HY, Zhang P. Phonon-mediated superconductivity in two-dimensional hydrogenated phosphorus carbide: HPC 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9256-9262. [PMID: 35388845 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00997h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) high-temperature superconductors at ultrahigh pressure have been reported, typical examples are the polyhydrides H3S, LaH10, YH9, etc. To find high-temperature two-dimensional (2D) superconductors at atmospheric pressure is another research hotspot. Here, we investigated the possible superconductivity in a hydrogenated monolayer phosphorus carbide based on first-principles calculations. The results reveal that monolayer PC3 transforms from a semiconductor to a metal after hydrogenation. Interestingly, the C-π-bonding band contributes most to the states at the Fermi level. Based on the electron-phonon coupling mechanism, it is found that the electron-phonon coupling constant of HPC3 is 0.95, which mainly originates from the coupling of C-π electrons with the in-plane vibration modes of C and H. The calculated critical temperature Tc is 31.0 K, which is higher than those in most 2D superconductors. By further applying a biaxial tensile strain of 3%, the Tc can be boosted to 57.3 K, exceeding the McMillan limit. Thus, hydrogenation and strain are effective ways for increasing the superconducting Tc of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Li
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Hao-Dong Liu
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Na Jiao
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Mei-Yan Ni
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Ning Hao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hong-Yan Lu
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China. .,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
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24
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Thermophysical properties of helium and hydrogen mixtures under high pressure predicted by ab-initio calculations: Implications for Saturn and Jupiter planets. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Myung CW, Hirshberg B, Parrinello M. Prediction of a Supersolid Phase in High-Pressure Deuterium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:045301. [PMID: 35148160 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.045301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Supersolid is a mysterious and puzzling state of matter whose possible existence has stirred a vigorous debate among physicists for over 60 years. Its elusive nature stems from the coexistence of two seemingly contradicting properties, long-range order and superfluidity. We report computational evidence of a supersolid phase of deuterium under high pressure (p>800 GPa) and low temperature (T<1.0 K). In our simulations, that are based on bosonic path integral molecular dynamics, we observe a highly concerted exchange of atoms while the system preserves its crystalline order. The exchange processes are favored by the soft core interactions between deuterium atoms that form a densely packed metallic solid. At the zero temperature limit, Bose-Einstein condensation is observed as the permutation probability of N deuterium atoms approaches 1/N with a finite superfluid fraction. Our study provides concrete evidence for the existence of a supersolid phase in high-pressure deuterium and could provide insights on the future investigation of supersolid phases in real materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woo Myung
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lenseld Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Barak Hirshberg
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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26
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Zhang Z, Cui T, Hutcheon MJ, Shipley AM, Song H, Du M, Kresin VZ, Duan D, Pickard CJ, Yao Y. Design Principles for High-Temperature Superconductors with a Hydrogen-Based Alloy Backbone at Moderate Pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:047001. [PMID: 35148145 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-based superconductors provide a route to the long-sought goal of room-temperature superconductivity, but the high pressures required to metallize these materials limit their immediate application. For example, carbonaceous sulfur hydride, the first room-temperature superconductor made in a laboratory, can reach a critical temperature (T_{c}) of 288 K only at the extreme pressure of 267 GPa. The next recognized challenge is the realization of room-temperature superconductivity at significantly lower pressures. Here, we propose a strategy for the rational design of high-temperature superconductors at low pressures by alloying small-radius elements and hydrogen to form ternary H-based superconductors with alloy backbones. We identify a "fluorite-type" backbone in compositions of the form AXH_{8}, which exhibit high-temperature superconductivity at moderate pressures compared with other reported hydrogen-based superconductors. The Fm3[over ¯]m phase of LaBeH_{8}, with a fluorite-type H-Be alloy backbone, is predicted to be thermodynamically stable above 98 GPa, and dynamically stable down to 20 GPa with a high T_{c}∼185 K. This is substantially lower than the synthesis pressure required by the geometrically similar clathrate hydride LaH_{10} (170 GPa). Our approach paves the way for finding high-T_{c} ternary H-based superconductors at conditions close to ambient pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Michael J Hutcheon
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Alice M Shipley
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Mingyang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Vladimir Z Kresin
- Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yansun Yao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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27
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van de Bund S, Wiebe H, Ackland GJ. Isotope Quantum Effects in the Metallization Transition in Liquid Hydrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:225701. [PMID: 34152180 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.225701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum effects in condensed matter normally only occur at low temperatures. Here we show a large quantum effect in high-pressure liquid hydrogen at thousands of Kelvins. We show that the metallization transition in hydrogen is subject to a very large isotope effect, occurring hundreds of degrees lower than the equivalent transition in deuterium. We examined this using path integral molecular dynamics simulations which identify a liquid-liquid transition involving atomization, metallization, and changes in viscosity, specific heat, and compressibility. The difference between H_{2} and D_{2} is a quantum mechanical effect that can be associated with the larger zero-point energy in H_{2} weakening the covalent bond. Our results mean that experimental results on deuterium must be corrected before they are relevant to understanding hydrogen at planetary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan van de Bund
- School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Wiebe
- School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme J Ackland
- School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
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28
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Wang XH, Zheng FW, Gu ZW, Tan FL, Zhao JH, Liu CL, Sun CW, Liu J, Zhang P. Hydrogen Clathrate Structures in Uranium Hydrides at High Pressures. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3946-3950. [PMID: 33644531 PMCID: PMC7906488 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature superconductivity has always been an area of intensive research. Recent findings of clathrate metal hydrides structures have opened up the doors for achieving room-temperature superconductivity in these materials. Here, we report first-principles calculations for stable H-rich clathrate structures of uranium hydrides at high pressures. The clathrate uranium hydrides contain H cages with stoichiometries of H24, H29, and H32, in which H atoms are bonded covalently to other H atoms, and U atoms occupy the centers of the cages. Especially, a UH10 clathrate structure containing H32 cages is predicted to have an estimated T c higher than 77 K at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-hui Wang
- College
of Science, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Fa-wei Zheng
- Institute
of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Zhuo-wei Gu
- Institute
of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering
Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Fu-li Tan
- Institute
of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering
Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jian-heng Zhao
- Institute
of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering
Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Cang-li Liu
- Institute
of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering
Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Cheng-wei Sun
- Institute
of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering
Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil, China University
of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute
of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
- HEDPS,
Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing
Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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29
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Silvera IF, Dias R. Phases of the hydrogen isotopes under pressure: metallic hydrogen. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1961607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranga Dias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
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30
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Cheng B, Mazzola G, Pickard CJ, Ceriotti M. Evidence for supercritical behaviour of high-pressure liquid hydrogen. Nature 2020; 585:217-220. [PMID: 32908269 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen, the simplest and most abundant element in the Universe, develops a remarkably complex behaviour upon compression1. Since Wigner predicted the dissociation and metallization of solid hydrogen at megabar pressures almost a century ago2, several efforts have been made to explain the many unusual properties of dense hydrogen, including a rich and poorly understood solid polymorphism1,3-5, an anomalous melting line6 and the possible transition to a superconducting state7. Experiments at such extreme conditions are challenging and often lead to hard-to-interpret and controversial observations, whereas theoretical investigations are constrained by the huge computational cost of sufficiently accurate quantum mechanical calculations. Here we present a theoretical study of the phase diagram of dense hydrogen that uses machine learning to 'learn' potential-energy surfaces and interatomic forces from reference calculations and then predict them at low computational cost, overcoming length- and timescale limitations. We reproduce both the re-entrant melting behaviour and the polymorphism of the solid phase. Simulations using our machine-learning-based potentials provide evidence for a continuous molecular-to-atomic transition in the liquid, with no first-order transition observed above the melting line. This suggests a smooth transition between insulating and metallic layers in giant gas planets, and reconciles existing discrepancies between experiments as a manifestation of supercritical behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Trinity College, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Peña-Alvarez M, Afonina V, Dalladay-Simpson P, Liu XD, Howie RT, Cooke PIC, Magdau IB, Ackland GJ, Gregoryanz E. Quantitative Rotational to Librational Transition in Dense H 2 and D 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6626-6631. [PMID: 32674573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy demonstrates that the rotational spectrum of solid hydrogen, and its isotope deuterium, undergoes profound transformations upon compression while still remaining in phase I. We show that these changes are associated with a loss of quantum character in the rotational modes and that the angular momentum J gradually ceases to be a good quantum rotational number. Through isotopic comparisons of the rotational Raman contributions, we reveal that hydrogen and deuterium evolve from a quantum rotor to a harmonic oscillator. We find that the mechanics behind this transformation can be well-described by a quantum-mechanical single inhibited rotor, accurately reproducing the striking spectroscopic changes observed in phase I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Veronika Afonina
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ross T Howie
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Peter I C Cooke
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Ioan B Magdau
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Graeme J Ackland
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & The School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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32
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Li GJ, Gu YJ, Li ZG, Chen QF, Chen XR. New possible candidate structure for phase IV of solid hydrogen. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26443-26450. [PMID: 35519768 PMCID: PMC9055438 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proved in experiments that there are at least five phases of solid hydrogen at high pressure, however, only the structure of phase I has been absolutely determined. We revisited the phase space of solid hydrogen in the pressure range of 200-500 GPa using the particle swarm optimization technique combined with first-principles simulations. A novel orthorhombic structure named Ama2 is proposed as a possible candidate structure for phase IV. The Ama2 structure is a 'mixed structure' with two different types of layers and is distinctly different from the previously reported Pc structure. Enthalpies and Gibbs free energies show that Ama2 and Pc are competitive in the pressure region of phase IV. Nevertheless, the Raman and infrared vibron frequencies of Ama2 calculated by using density functional perturbation theory based on first-principles lattice dynamics show a better agreement with the experimental measurements than those of the Pc structure. And the pressure dependence of these low-frequency Raman vibrons of Ama2 obtained from the first-principles molecular dynamics simulation shows a steeper slope, which resolves the long-standing issue of large discrepancies between the calculated Raman frequencies and the experimental ν 1 [P. Loubeyre, F. Occelli and P. Dumas, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., 2013, 87, 134101 and C. S. Zha, R. E. Cohen, H. K. Mao and R. J. Hemley, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2014, 111, 4792]. Structural and vibrational analyses show that the hydrogen molecules in the weakly bonded molecular layer of Ama2 form distorted hexagonal patterns, and their vibration can be used to explain the experimental ν 1 vibron. It is found that the weakly bonded layer is almost the same as the layers in the C2/c structure. This confirms the experimental conclusion [P. Loubeyre, F. Occelli and P. Dumas, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys., 2013, 87, 134101] that the ordering of hydrogen molecules in the weakly bonded molecular layers of the 'mixed structure' for phase IV is similar to that in the layers of the C2/c structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jun Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China .,National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China
| | - Yun-Jun Gu
- National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China
| | - Zhi-Guo Li
- National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China
| | - Qi-Feng Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China
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33
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Lu Y, Zheng F, Yang W, Kang W, Li Z, Wang C, Gu Z, Tan F, Zhao J, Liu C, Sun C, Zhang P. Temperature effect on the phase stability of hydrogen C2/ cphase from first-principles molecular dynamics calculations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:405404. [PMID: 32512558 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9a7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The structural stability of hydrogenC2/cphase from 0 K to 300 K is investigated by combining the first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional perturbation theory. Without considering the temperature effect, theC2/cphase is stable from 150 GPa to 250 GPa based on the harmonic phonon dispersion relations. The hydrogen molecules at the solid lattice sites are sensitive to temperature. The structural stability to instability transition of theC2/cphase upon temperature is successfully captured by the radial distribution function and probability distribution of atomic displacements from first-principles MD simulations, confirmed by the phonon power spectrum analysis in the phase space. The existence of phonon quasiparticle for different normal modes is observed directly. The phonon power spectrum of specific normal modes corresponding to the Raman and infrared (IR) activations are depicted at different temperatures and pressures. The changes of frequency with temperature are in agreement with experimental results, supporting theC2/cas the hydrogen phase III. For the first time, the anharmonic phonon dispersion curves and density of states are predicted based on the phonon quasi-particle approach. Therefore, the temperature dependence of lattice vibrations can be observed directly, providing a more complete physical picture of phonon frequency distribution with respect to the Raman and IR spectra. It is found that the high-frequency regions adopt significant frequency shifts compared to the harmonic case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lu
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fawei Zheng
- LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Work Safety Intelligent Monitoring, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kang
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi Li
- LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuowei Gu
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Tan
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianheng Zhao
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Cangli Liu
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwei Sun
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
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34
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Counterintuitive effects of isotopic doping on the phase diagram of H 2-HD-D 2 molecular alloy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13374-13378. [PMID: 32482874 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001128117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen forms the archetypical quantum solid. Its quantum nature is revealed by behavior which is classically impossible and by very strong isotope effects. Isotope effects between [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and HD molecules come from mass difference and the different quantum exchange effects: fermionic [Formula: see text] molecules have antisymmetric wavefunctions, while bosonic [Formula: see text] molecules have symmetric wavefunctions, and HD molecules have no exchange symmetry. To investigate how the phase diagram depends on quantum-nuclear effects, we use high-pressure and low-temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy to map out the phase diagrams of [Formula: see text]-HD-[Formula: see text] with various isotope concentrations over a wide pressure-temperature (P-T) range. We find that mixtures of [Formula: see text], HD, and [Formula: see text] behave as an isotopic molecular alloy (ideal solution) and exhibit symmetry-breaking phase transitions between phases I and II and phase III. Surprisingly, all transitions occur at higher pressures for the alloys than either pure [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] This runs counter to any quantum effects based on isotope mass but can be explained by quantum trapping of high-kinetic energy states by the exchange interaction.
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35
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Binns J, He Y, Donnelly ME, Peña-Alvarez M, Wang M, Kim DY, Gregoryanz E, Dalladay-Simpson P, Howie RT. Complex Hydrogen Substructure in Semimetallic RuH 4. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3390-3395. [PMID: 32251597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
When compressed in a matrix of solid hydrogen, many metals form compounds with increasingly high hydrogen contents. At high density, hydrogenic sublattices can emerge, which may act as low-dimensional analogues of atomic hydrogen. We show that at high pressures and temperatures, ruthenium forms polyhydride species that exhibit intriguing hydrogen substructures with counterintuitive electronic properties. Ru3H8 is synthesized from RuH in H2 at 50 GPa and at temperatures in excess of 1000 K, adopting a cubic structure with short H-H distances. When synthesis pressures are increased above 85 GPa, we observe RuH4 which crystallizes in a remarkable structure containing corner-sharing H6 octahedra. Calculations indicate this phase is semimetallic at 100 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Binns
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu He
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Temperature and High-Pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, China
| | - Mary-Ellen Donnelly
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Mengnan Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Duck Young Kim
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ross T Howie
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
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36
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Needs RJ, Towler MD, Drummond ND, López Ríos P, Trail JR. Variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations with the CASINO code. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:154106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5144288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Needs
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - M. D. Towler
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - N. D. Drummond
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - P. López Ríos
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J. R. Trail
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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37
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Chen D, Cui TT, Gao W, Jiang Q. Distinguishing the Structure of High-Pressure Hydrogen with Dielectric Constants. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:664-669. [PMID: 31902208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the structures of high-pressure hydrogen has been one of the central goals in high-pressure physics; however, it still presents a fundamental challenge because of the lack of an effective measure for distinguishing the structures. Herein, we address this issue by focusing on the potential candidates of phases II and III of high-pressure hydrogen. We find that the anisotropic dielectric constants of the different hydrogen solids and their responses to pressure behave differently depending on the atomic structures, corresponding to the different polarization responses of the structures to the external electric field. These findings are robust regardless of the quantum and thermal motion of hydrogen solids. Therefore, the anisotropic dielectric property can serve as a potential measure for probing the structures of high-pressure hydrogen as well as other high-pressure materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Chen
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , China
| | - Ting Ting Cui
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , China
| | - Wang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , China
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38
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Synchrotron infrared spectroscopic evidence of the probable transition to metal hydrogen. Nature 2020; 577:631-635. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Kirshon Y, Ben Shalom S, Emuna M, Greenberg Y, Lee J, Makov G, Yahel E. Thermophysical Measurements in Liquid Alloys and Phase Diagram Studies. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12233999. [PMID: 31810238 PMCID: PMC6926574 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Towards the construction of pressure-dependent phase diagrams of binary alloy systems, both thermophysical measurements and thermodynamic modeling are employed. High-accuracy measurements of sound velocity, density, and electrical resistivity were performed for selected metallic elements from columns III to V and their alloys in the liquid phase. Sound velocity measurements were made using ultrasonic techniques, density measurements using the gamma radiation attenuation method, and electrical resistivity measurements were performed using the four probe method. Sound velocity and density data, measured at ambient pressure, were incorporated into a thermodynamic model to calculate the pressure dependence of binary phase diagrams. Electrical resistivity measurements were performed on binary systems to study phase separation and identify phase transitions in the liquid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Kirshon
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (Y.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Shir Ben Shalom
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (Y.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Moran Emuna
- Physics Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer Sheva 84190, Israel; (M.E.); (Y.G.); (E.Y.)
| | - Yaron Greenberg
- Physics Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer Sheva 84190, Israel; (M.E.); (Y.G.); (E.Y.)
| | - Joonho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Guy Makov
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (Y.K.); (S.B.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eyal Yahel
- Physics Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer Sheva 84190, Israel; (M.E.); (Y.G.); (E.Y.)
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40
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Salke NP, Davari Esfahani MM, Zhang Y, Kruglov IA, Zhou J, Wang Y, Greenberg E, Prakapenka VB, Liu J, Oganov AR, Lin JF. Synthesis of clathrate cerium superhydride CeH 9 at 80-100 GPa with atomic hydrogen sublattice. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4453. [PMID: 31575861 PMCID: PMC6773858 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen-rich superhydrides are believed to be very promising high-Tc superconductors. Recent experiments discovered superhydrides at very high pressures, e.g. FeH5 at 130 GPa and LaH10 at 170 GPa. With the motivation of discovering new hydrogen-rich high-Tc superconductors at lowest possible pressure, here we report the prediction and experimental synthesis of cerium superhydride CeH9 at 80–100 GPa in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell coupled with synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Ab initio calculations were carried out to evaluate the detailed chemistry of the Ce-H system and to understand the structure, stability and superconductivity of CeH9. CeH9 crystallizes in a P63/mmc clathrate structure with a very dense 3-dimensional atomic hydrogen sublattice at 100 GPa. These findings shed a significant light on the search for superhydrides in close similarity with atomic hydrogen within a feasible pressure range. Discovery of superhydride CeH9 provides a practical platform to further investigate and understand conventional superconductivity in hydrogen rich superhydrides. Hydrogen-rich superhydrides are promising high-temperature superconductors which have been observed only at pressures above 170 GPa. Here the authors show that CeH9 can be synthesized at 80-100 GPa with laser heating, and is characterized by a clathrate structure with a dense 3-dimensional atomic hydrogen sublattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh P Salke
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 100094, Beijing, China
| | - M Mahdi Davari Esfahani
- Department of Geosciences, Center for Materials by Design, and Institute for Advanced Computational Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, NY, 11794-2100, USA
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, China
| | - Ivan A Kruglov
- Department of Problems of Physics and Energetics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny City, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia.,Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow, 127055, Russia
| | - Jianshi Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yaguo Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Eran Greenberg
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, USA
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, USA
| | - Jin Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 100094, Beijing, China
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Department of Problems of Physics and Energetics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny City, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia. .,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel Street, Moscow, 143026, Russia. .,International Center for Materials Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jung-Fu Lin
- Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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41
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Ultrahigh-pressure isostructural electronic transitions in hydrogen. Nature 2019; 573:558-562. [PMID: 31554980 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High-pressure transitions are thought to modify hydrogen molecules to a molecular metallic solid and finally to an atomic metal1, which is predicted to have exotic physical properties and the topology of a two-component (electron and proton) superconducting superfluid condensate2,3. Therefore, understanding such transitions remains an important objective in condensed matter physics4,5. However, measurements of the crystal structure of solid hydrogen, which provides crucial information about the metallization of hydrogen under compression, are lacking for most high-pressure phases, owing to the considerable technical challenges involved in X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements under extreme conditions. Here we present a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of solid hydrogen at pressures of up to 254 gigapascals that reveals the crystallographic nature of the transitions from phase I to phases III and IV. Under compression, hydrogen molecules remain in the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) crystal lattice structure, accompanied by a monotonic increase in anisotropy. In addition, the pressure-dependent decrease of the unit cell volume exhibits a slope change when entering phase IV, suggesting a second-order isostructural phase transition. Our results indicate that the precursor to the exotic two-component atomic hydrogen may consist of electronic transitions caused by a highly distorted hcp Brillouin zone and molecular-symmetry breaking.
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42
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Li X, Huang X, Duan D, Pickard CJ, Zhou D, Xie H, Zhuang Q, Huang Y, Zhou Q, Liu B, Cui T. Polyhydride CeH 9 with an atomic-like hydrogen clathrate structure. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3461. [PMID: 31371729 PMCID: PMC6671988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Compression of hydrogen-rich hydrides has been proposed as an alternative way to attain the atomic metallic hydrogen state or high-temperature superconductors. However, it remains a challenge to get access to these states by synthesizing novel polyhydrides with unusually high hydrogen-to-metal ratios. Here we synthesize a series of cerium (Ce) polyhydrides by a direct reaction of Ce and H2 at high pressures. We discover that cerium polyhydride CeH9, formed above 100 GPa, presents a three-dimensional hydrogen network composed of clathrate H29 cages. The electron localization function together with band structure calculations elucidate the weak electron localization between H-H atoms and confirm its metallic character. By means of Ce atom doping, metallic hydrogen structure can be realized via the existence of CeH9. Particularly, Ce atoms play a positive role to stabilize the sublattice of hydrogen cages similar to the recently discovered near-room-temperature lanthanum hydride superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Di Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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43
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Boeri L, Bachelet GB. Viewpoint: the road to room-temperature conventional superconductivity. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:234002. [PMID: 30844781 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab0db2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It is a honor to write a contribution on this memorial for Sandro Massidda. For both of us, at different stages in our lives, Sandro was first and foremost a friend. We both admired his humble, playful and profound approach to life and physics. In this contribution we describe the route which permitted to meet a long-standing challenge in solid state physics, i.e. room temperature superconductivity. In less than 20 years the critical temperature of conventional superconductors, which in the last century had been widely believed to be limited to 25 K, was raised from 40 K in MgB2 to 265 K in LaH10. This discovery was enabled by the development and application of computational methods for superconductors, a field in which Sandro Massidda played a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Boeri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
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44
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Santamaria-Perez D, Ruiz-Fuertes J, Peña-Alvarez M, Chulia-Jordan R, Marqueño T, Zimmer D, Gutiérrez-Cano V, MacLeod S, Gregoryanz E, Popescu C, Rodríguez-Hernández P, Muñoz A. Post-tilleyite, a dense calcium silicate-carbonate phase. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7898. [PMID: 31133679 PMCID: PMC6536543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is a relevant constituent of the Earth's crust that is transferred into the deep Earth through the subduction process. Its chemical interaction with calcium-rich silicates at high temperatures give rise to the formation of mixed silicate-carbonate minerals, but the structural behavior of these phases under compression is not known. Here we report the existence of a dense polymorph of Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2 tilleyite above 8 GPa. We have structurally characterized the two phases at high pressures and temperatures, determined their equations of state and analyzed the evolution of the polyhedral units under compression. This has been possible thanks to the agreement between our powder and single-crystal XRD experiments, Raman spectroscopy measurements and ab-initio simulations. The presence of multiple cation sites, with variable volume and coordination number (6-9) and different polyhedral compressibilities, together with the observation of significant amounts of alumina in compositions of some natural tilleyite assemblages, suggests that post-tilleyite structure has the potential to accommodate cations with different sizes and valencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santamaria-Perez
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Ruiz-Fuertes
- DCITIMAC, Universidad de Cantabria, MALTA Consolider Team, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Raquel Chulia-Jordan
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tomas Marqueño
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dominik Zimmer
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Simon MacLeod
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Edinburgh, UK
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, RG7 4PR, Reading, UK
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Catalin Popescu
- CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Plácida Rodríguez-Hernández
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, MALTA Consolider Team, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alfonso Muñoz
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, MALTA Consolider Team, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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45
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Yu H, Lin X, Li K, Chen Y. Unveiling a Novel, Cation-Rich Compound in a High-Pressure Pb-Te Binary System. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:683-687. [PMID: 31041388 PMCID: PMC6487446 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of the common oxidation states of group IV elements (+2 or +4) and group VI elements (-2), 1:1 and 1:2 are two typical stoichiometries found in the IV-VI compounds. Particularly, in the Pb-Te binary system, the 1:1 stoichiometric PbTe is believed to be the only stable compound. Herein, using evolutionary algorithms, density functional theory, a laser-heated diamond anvil cell, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments, we discovered a novel Pb-Te compound with an unexpected stoichiometry of 3:2 above 20 GPa. This tetragonal Pb3Te2 is the one of the very few cation-rich compounds that has ever been discovered in the entire IV-VI binary system. Further analyses based on electron density distribution, electron localization function, and Bader charge have shown that this newly discovered compound has a mixed character of chemical bonding with a decreased ionicity. By further calculating the electron-phonon interaction, Pb3Te2 is predicted to exhibit a superconducting transition at low temperatures. The discovery of Pb3Te2 paves the way for further explorations of other novel cation-rich IV-VI group compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulei Yu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU
Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation, 1623 Dayuan Road, Lin An 311305, China
| | - Xiaohuan Lin
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 10 Dongbeiwang West Road, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Li
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 10 Dongbeiwang West Road, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU
Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation, 1623 Dayuan Road, Lin An 311305, China
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46
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Monserrat B, Ashbrook SE, Pickard CJ. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Dynamical Structural Probe of Hydrogen under High Pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:135501. [PMID: 31012613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An unambiguous crystallographic structure solution for the observed phases II-VI of high pressure hydrogen does not exist due to the failure of standard structural probes at extreme pressure. In this work we propose that nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides a complementary structural probe for high pressure hydrogen. We show that the best structural models available for phases II, III, and IV of high pressure hydrogen exhibit markedly distinct nuclear magnetic resonance spectra which could therefore be used to discriminate amongst them. As an example, we demonstrate how nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy could be used to establish whether phase III exhibits polymorphism. Our calculations also reveal a strong renormalization of the nuclear magnetic resonance response in hydrogen arising from quantum fluctuations, as well as a strong isotope effect. As the experimental techniques develop, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be expected to become a useful complementary structural probe in high pressure experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartomeu Monserrat
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Thomas Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Electronic Structure Theory, Max Plank Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yexin Feng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Zheng Li
- School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
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48
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Band gap closure, incommensurability and molecular dissociation of dense chlorine. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1134. [PMID: 30850606 PMCID: PMC6408506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatomic elemental solids are highly compressible due to the weak interactions between molecules. However, as the density increases the intra- and intermolecular distances become comparable, leading to a range of phenomena, such as structural transformation, molecular dissociation, amorphization, and metallisation. Here we report, following the crystallization of chlorine at 1.15(30) GPa into an ordered orthorhombic structure (oC8), the existence of a mixed-molecular structure (mC8, 130(10)-241(10) GPa) and the concomitant observation of a continuous band gap closure, indicative of a transformation into a metallic molecular form around 200(10) GPa. The onset of dissociation of chlorine is identified by the observation of the incommensurate structure (i-oF4) above 200(10) GPa, before finally adopting a monatomic form (oI2) above 256(10) GPa.
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49
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Binns J, Donnelly ME, Peña-Alvarez M, Wang M, Gregoryanz E, Hermann A, Dalladay-Simpson P, Howie RT. Direct Reaction between Copper and Nitrogen at High Pressures and Temperatures. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1109-1114. [PMID: 30785288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal nitrides have applications in a range of technological fields. Recent experiments have shown that new nitrogen-bearing compounds can be accessed through a combination of high temperatures and pressures, revealing a richer chemistry than was previously assumed. Here, we show that at pressures above 50 GPa and temperatures greater than 1500 K elemental copper reacts with nitrogen, forming copper diazenide (CuN2). Through a combination of synchrotron X-ray diffraction and first-principles calculations we have explored the stability and electronic structure of CuN2. We find that the novel compound remains stable down to 25 GPa before decomposing to its constituent elements. Electronic structure calculations show that CuN2 is metallic and exhibits partially filled N2 antibonding orbitals, leading to an ambiguous electronic structure between Cu+/Cu2+. This leads to weak Cu-N bonds and the lowest bulk modulus observed for any transition-metal nitride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Binns
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Mary-Ellen Donnelly
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics & Astronomy , The University of Edinburgh , Peter Guthrie Tait Road , Edinburgh EH9 3FD , United Kingdom
| | - Mengnan Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics & Astronomy , The University of Edinburgh , Peter Guthrie Tait Road , Edinburgh EH9 3FD , United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and The School of Physics & Astronomy , The University of Edinburgh , Peter Guthrie Tait Road , Edinburgh EH9 3FD , United Kingdom
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Ross T Howie
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) , Shanghai 201203 , China
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Uralcan B, Latinwo F, Debenedetti PG, Anisimov MA. Pattern of property extrema in supercooled and stretched water models and a new correlation for predicting the stability limit of the liquid state. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:064503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5078446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Betul Uralcan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Folarin Latinwo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Pablo G. Debenedetti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Mikhail A. Anisimov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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