1
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Pergel E, Tóth DJ, Baukál D, Veres I, Czirják G. The Ubiquitin Ligase Adaptor NDFIP1 Interacts with TRESK and Negatively Regulates the Background K + Current. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8879. [PMID: 39201565 PMCID: PMC11355008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The TRESK (K2P18.1, KCNK18) background potassium channel is expressed in primary sensory neurons and has been reported to contribute to the regulation of pain sensations. In the present study, we examined the interaction of TRESK with NDFIP1 (Nedd4 family-interacting protein 1) in the Xenopus oocyte expression system by two-electrode voltage clamp and biochemical methods. We showed that the coexpression of NDFIP1 abolished the TRESK current under the condition where the other K+ channels were not affected. Mutations in the three PPxY motifs of NDFIP1, which are responsible for the interaction with the Nedd4 ubiquitin ligase, prevented a reduction in the TRESK current. Furthermore, the overexpression of a dominant-negative Nedd4 construct in the oocytes coexpressing TRESK with NDFIP1 partially reversed the down-modulating effect of the adaptor protein on the K+ current. The biochemical data were also consistent with the functional results. An interaction between epitope-tagged versions of TRESK and NDFIP1 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. The coexpression of NDFIP1 with TRESK induced the ubiquitination of the channel protein. Altogether, the results suggest that TRESK is directly controlled by and highly sensitive to the activation of the NDFIP1-Nedd4 system. The NDFIP1-mediated reduction in the TRESK component may induce depolarization, increase excitability, and attenuate the calcium dependence of the membrane potential by reducing the calcineurin-activated fraction in the ensemble background K+ current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Pergel
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.P.); (D.B.); (I.V.)
| | - Dániel J. Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.P.); (D.B.); (I.V.)
- HUN-REN-SU Molecular Physiology Research Group, Hungarian Research Network and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Baukál
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.P.); (D.B.); (I.V.)
| | - Irén Veres
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.P.); (D.B.); (I.V.)
| | - Gábor Czirják
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.P.); (D.B.); (I.V.)
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2
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Tan C, Du Y, Zhu L, Jing S, Gao J, Qian Y, Yue X, Lee I. KDEL Receptor Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane Is Regulated by ACBD3 and Rab4A-GTP. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071079. [PMID: 37048152 PMCID: PMC10093020 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
KDEL receptor-1 maintains homeostasis in the early secretory pathway by capturing and retrieving ER chaperones to the ER during heavy secretory activity. Unexpectedly, a fraction of the receptor is also known to reside in the plasma membrane (PM), although it is largely unknown exactly how the KDEL receptor gets exported from the Golgi and travels to the PM. We have previously shown that a Golgi scaffolding protein (ACBD3) facilitates KDEL receptor localization at the Golgi via the regulating cargo wave-induced cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling pathway. Upon endocytosis, surface-expressed KDEL receptor undergoes highly complex itineraries through the Golgi and the endo-lysosomal compartments, where the endocytosed receptor utilizes Rab14A- and Rab11A-positive recycling endosomes and clathrin-decorated tubulovesicular carriers. In this study, we sought to investigate the mechanism through which the KDEL receptor gets exported from the Golgi en route to the PM. We report here that ACBD3 depletion results in greatly increased trafficking of KDEL receptor to the PM via Rab4A-positive tubular carriers emanating from the Golgi. Expression of constitutively activated Rab4A mutant (Q72L) increases the surface expression of KDEL receptor up to 2~3-fold, whereas Rab4A knockdown or the expression of GDP-locked Rab4A mutant (S27N) inhibits KDEL receptor targeting of the PM. Importantly, KDELR trafficking from the Golgi to the PM is independent of PKA- and Src kinase-mediated mechanisms. Taken together, these results reveal that ACBD3 and Rab4A play a key role in regulating KDEL receptor trafficking to the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanting Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yulei Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Lianhui Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shuaiyang Jing
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jingkai Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yi Qian
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xihua Yue
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Intaek Lee
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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3
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Sun F, Zhang R, Li T, Zhang L, Chen X, Liang Y, Chen L, Zou S, Dong H. Fusarium graminearum GGA protein is critical for fungal development, virulence and ascospore discharge through its involvement in vesicular trafficking. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6290-6306. [PMID: 36335568 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular trafficking is a conserved material transport process in eukaryotic cells. The GGA family proteins are clathrin adaptors that are involved in eukaryotic vesicle transport, but their functions in phytopathogenic filamentous fungi remain unexplored. Here, we examined the only GGA family protein in Fusarium graminearum, FgGga1, which localizes to both the late Golgi and endosomes. In the absence of FgGga1, the fungal mutant exhibited defects in vegetative growth, DON biosynthesis, ascospore discharge and virulence. Fluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that FgGga1 is associated with trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to-plasma membrane, endosome-to-TGN and endosome-to-vacuole transport. Mutational analysis on the five domains of FgGga1 showed that the VHS domain was required for endosome-to-TGN transport while the GAT167-248 and the hinge domains were required for both endosome-to-TGN and endosome-to-vacuole transport. Importantly, the deletion of the FgGga1 domains that are required in vesicular trafficking also inhibited vegetative growth and virulence of F. graminearum. In addition, FgGga1 interacted with the ascospore discharge regulator Ca2+ ATPase FgNeo1, whose transport to the vacuole is dependent on FgGga1-mediated endosome-to-vacuole transport. Our results suggest that FgGga1 is required for fungal development and virulence via FgGga1-mediated vesicular trafficking, and FgGga1-mediated endosome-to-vacuole transport facilitates ascospore discharge in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ruotong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuancun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shenshen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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4
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Duncan MC. New directions for the clathrin adaptor AP-1 in cell biology and human disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 76:102079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Chen Y, Zhou D, Yao Y, Sun Y, Yao F, Ma L. Monoubiquitination in Homeostasis and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115925. [PMID: 35682605 PMCID: PMC9180643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoubiquitination is a post-translational modification (PTM), through which a single ubiquitin molecule is covalently conjugated to a lysine residue of the target protein. Monoubiquitination regulates the activity, subcellular localization, protein-protein interactions, or endocytosis of the substrate. In doing so, monoubiquitination is implicated in diverse cellular processes, including gene transcription, endocytosis, signal transduction, cell death, and DNA damage repair, which in turn regulate cell-cycle progression, survival, proliferation, and stress response. In this review, we summarize the functions of monoubiquitination and discuss how this PTM modulates homeostasis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yinan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Fan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (L.M.)
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (L.M.)
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6
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Eising S, Esch B, Wälte M, Vargas Duarte P, Walter S, Ungermann C, Bohnert M, Fröhlich F. A lysosomal biogenesis map reveals the cargo spectrum of yeast vacuolar protein targeting pathways. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213011. [PMID: 35175277 PMCID: PMC8859911 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202107148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosome is the major catabolic organelle in the cell that has been established as a key metabolic signaling center. Mutations in many lysosomal proteins have catastrophic effects and cause neurodegeneration, cancer, and age-related diseases. The vacuole is the lysosomal analog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that harbors many evolutionary conserved proteins. Proteins reach vacuoles via the Vps10-dependent endosomal vacuolar protein sorting pathway, via the alkaline phosphatase (ALP or AP-3) pathway, and via the cytosol-to-vacuole transport (CVT) pathway. A systematic understanding of the cargo spectrum of each pathway is completely lacking. Here, we use quantitative proteomics of purified vacuoles to generate the yeast lysosomal biogenesis map. This dataset harbors information on the cargo-receptor relationship of almost all vacuolar proteins. We map binding motifs of Vps10 and the AP-3 complex and identify a novel cargo of the CVT pathway under nutrient-rich conditions. Our data show how organelle purification and quantitative proteomics can uncover fundamental insights into organelle biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Eising
- Molecular Membrane Biology Group, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Bianca Esch
- Molecular Membrane Biology Group, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Mike Wälte
- Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Prado Vargas Duarte
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Stefan Walter
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Christian Ungermann
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Maria Bohnert
- Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Fröhlich
- Molecular Membrane Biology Group, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Biochemistry Section, Department of Biology/Chemistry, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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7
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Schwabl S, Teis D. Protein quality control at the Golgi. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 75:102074. [PMID: 35364487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The majority of the proteome in eukaryotic cells is targeted to organelles. To maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis), distinct protein quality control (PQC) machineries operate on organelles, where they detect misfolded proteins, orphaned and mis-localized proteins and selectively target these proteins into different ubiquitin-dependent or -independent degradation pathways. Thereby, PQC prevents proteotoxic effects that would disrupt organelle integrity and cause cellular damage that leads to diseases. Here, we will discuss emerging mechanisms for PQC machineries at the Golgi apparatus, the central station for the sorting and the modification of proteins that traffic to the endo-lysosomal system, or along the secretory pathway to the PM and to the extracellular space. We will focus on Golgi PQC pathways that (1) retrieve misfolded and orphaned proteins from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, (2) extract these proteins from Golgi membranes for proteasomal degradation, (3) or selectively target these proteins to lysosomes for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Schwabl
- Institute for Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Teis
- Institute for Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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8
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Dickens JA, Rutherford EN, Abreu S, Chambers JE, Ellis MO, van Schadewijk A, Hiemstra PS, Marciniak SJ. Novel insights into surfactant protein C trafficking revealed through the study of a pathogenic mutant. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:2100267. [PMID: 34049951 PMCID: PMC8792467 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00267-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar epithelial cell dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but remains incompletely understood. Some monogenic forms of pulmonary fibrosis are associated with expression of mutant surfactant protein C (SFTPC). The commonest pathogenic mutant, I73T, mislocalises to the alveolar epithelial cell plasma membrane and displays a toxic gain of function. Because the mechanisms explaining the link between this mutant and IPF are incompletely understood, we sought to interrogate SFTPC trafficking in health and disease to understand the functional significance of SFTPC-I73T relocalisation. METHODS We performed mechanistic analysis of SFTPC trafficking in a cell model that reproduces the in vivo phenotype and validated findings in human primary alveolar organoids. RESULTS We show that wild-type SFTPC takes an unexpected indirect trafficking route via the plasma membrane and undergoes the first of multiple cleavage events before reaching the multivesicular body (MVB) for further processing. SFTPC-I73T takes this same route, but its progress is retarded both at the cell surface and due to failure of trafficking into the MVB. Unable to undergo onward trafficking, it is recycled to the plasma membrane as a partially cleaved intermediate. CONCLUSION These data show for the first time that all SFTPC transits the cell surface during normal trafficking, and the I73T mutation accumulates at the cell surface through both retarded trafficking and active recycling. This understanding of normal SFTPC trafficking and how the I73T mutant disturbs it provides novel insight into SFTPC biology in health and disease, and in the contribution of the SFTPC mutant to IPF development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susana Abreu
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Dept of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Anton-Plagaro C, Sanchez N, Valle R, Mulet JM, Duncan MC, Roncero C. Exomer complex regulates protein traffic at the TGN through differential interactions with cargos and clathrin adaptor complexes. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21615. [PMID: 33978245 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002610r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein sorting at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) usually requires the assistance of cargo adaptors. However, it remains to be examined how the same complex can mediate both the export and retention of different proteins or how sorting complexes interact among themselves. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the exomer complex is involved in the polarized transport of some proteins from the TGN to the plasma membrane (PM). Intriguingly, exomer and its cargos also show a sort of functional relationship with TGN clathrin adaptors that is still unsolved. Here, using a wide range of techniques, including time-lapse and BIFC microscopy, we describe new molecular implications of the exomer complex in protein sorting and address its different layers of functional interaction with clathrin adaptor complexes. Exomer mutants show impaired amino acid uptake because it facilitates not only the polarized delivery of amino acid permeases to the PM but also participates in their endosomal traffic. We propose a model for exomer where it modulates the recruitment of TGN clathrin adaptors directly or indirectly through the Arf1 function. Moreover, we describe an in vivo competitive relationship between the exomer and AP-1 complexes for the model cargo Chs3. These results highlight a broad role for exomer in regulating protein sorting at the TGN that is complementary to its role as cargo adaptor and present a model to understand the complexity of TGN protein sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Anton-Plagaro
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG) and Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Sanchez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG) and Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Valle
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG) and Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose Miguel Mulet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mara C Duncan
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cesar Roncero
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG) and Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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10
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Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094425. [PMID: 33922618 PMCID: PMC8122874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Rab and Arf families are key regulators of vesicle formation and membrane trafficking. Membrane transport plays an important role in the central nervous system. In this regard, neurons require a constant flow of membranes for the correct distribution of receptors, for the precise composition of proteins and organelles in dendrites and axons, for the continuous exocytosis/endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and for the elimination of dysfunctional proteins. Thus, it is not surprising that Rab and Arf GTPases have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Both pathologies share characteristics such as the presence of protein aggregates and/or the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus, hallmarks that have been related to both Rab and Arf GTPases functions. Despite their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders, very few studies have focused on the role of these GTPases in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize their importance in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as their emergence as potential therapeutical targets for neurodegeneration.
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11
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Ma CIJ, Burgess J, Brill JA. Maturing secretory granules: Where secretory and endocytic pathways converge. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 80:100807. [PMID: 33866198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Secretory granules (SGs) are specialized organelles responsible for the storage and regulated release of various biologically active molecules from the endocrine and exocrine systems. Thus, proper SG biogenesis is critical to normal animal physiology. Biogenesis of SGs starts at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where immature SGs (iSGs) bud off and undergo maturation before fusing with the plasma membrane (PM). How iSGs mature is unclear, but emerging studies have suggested an important role for the endocytic pathway. The requirement for endocytic machinery in SG maturation blurs the line between SGs and another class of secretory organelles called lysosome-related organelles (LROs). Therefore, it is important to re-evaluate the differences and similarities between SGs and LROs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-I Jonathan Ma
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 2374, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jason Burgess
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4396, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Julie A Brill
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 2374, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4396, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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12
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Zhu L, Sardana R, Jin DK, Emr SD. Calcineurin-dependent regulation of endocytosis by a plasma membrane ubiquitin ligase adaptor, Rcr1. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:151785. [PMID: 32421152 PMCID: PMC7401822 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rsp5, the Nedd4 family member in yeast, is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in numerous cellular processes, many of which require Rsp5 to interact with PY-motif containing adaptor proteins. Here, we show that two paralogous transmembrane Rsp5 adaptors, Rcr1 and Rcr2, are sorted to distinct cellular locations: Rcr1 is a plasma membrane (PM) protein, whereas Rcr2 is sorted to the vacuole. Rcr2 is delivered to the vacuole using ubiquitin as a sorting signal. Rcr1 is delivered to the PM by the exomer complex using a newly uncovered PM sorting motif. Further, we show that Rcr1, but not Rcr2, is up-regulated via the calcineurin/Crz1 signaling pathway. Upon exogenous calcium treatment, Rcr1 ubiquitinates and down-regulates the chitin synthase Chs3. We propose that the PM-anchored Rsp5/Rcr1 ubiquitin ligase-adaptor complex can provide an acute response to degrade unwanted proteins under stress conditions, thereby maintaining cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Richa Sardana
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Daniel K Jin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Scott D Emr
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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13
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Giovannone AJ, Reales E, Bhattaram P, Nackeeran S, Monahan AB, Syed R, Weimbs T. The H abc domain of syntaxin 3 is a ubiquitin binding domain. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21350. [PMID: 33288783 PMCID: PMC7721868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Syntaxins are a family of membrane-anchored SNARE proteins that are essential components required for membrane fusion in eukaryotic intracellular membrane trafficking pathways. Syntaxins contain an N-terminal regulatory domain, termed the Habc domain that is not highly conserved at the primary sequence level but folds into a three-helix bundle that is structurally conserved among family members. The syntaxin Habc domain has previously been found to be structurally very similar to the GAT domain present in GGA family members and related proteins that are otherwise completely unrelated to syntaxins. Because the GAT domain has been found to be a ubiquitin binding domain we hypothesized that the Habc domain of syntaxins may also bind to ubiquitin. Here, we report that the Habc domain of syntaxin 3 (Stx3) indeed binds to monomeric ubiquitin with low affinity. This domain binds efficiently to K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains within a narrow range of chain lengths but not to K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains. Other syntaxin family members also bind to K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains but with different chain length specificities. Molecular modeling suggests that residues of the GGA3-GAT domain known to be important for ionic and hydrophobic interactions with ubiquitin may have equivalent, conserved residues within the Habc domain of Stx3. We conclude that the syntaxin Habc domain and the GAT domain are both structurally and functionally related, and likely share a common ancestry despite sequence divergence. Binding of Ubiquitin to the Habc domain may regulate the function of syntaxins in membrane fusion or may suggest additional functions of this protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J Giovannone
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
| | - Elena Reales
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pallavi Bhattaram
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Sirpi Nackeeran
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
| | - Adam B Monahan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
| | - Rashid Syed
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, 91330-8262, USA
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9625, USA.
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14
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Buelto D, Hung CW, Aoh QL, Lahiri S, Duncan MC. Plasma membrane to vacuole traffic induced by glucose starvation requires Gga2-dependent sorting at the trans-Golgi network. Biol Cell 2020; 112:349-367. [PMID: 32761633 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, acute glucose starvation induces rapid endocytosis followed by vacuolar degradation of many plasma membrane proteins. This process is essential for cell viability, but the regulatory mechanisms that control it remain poorly understood. Under normal growth conditions, a major regulatory decision for endocytic cargo occurs at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) where proteins can recycle back to the plasma membrane or can be recognized by TGN-localised clathrin adaptors that direct them towards the vacuole. However, glucose starvation reduces recycling and alters the localization and post-translational modification of TGN-localised clathrin adaptors. This raises the possibility that during glucose starvation endocytosed proteins are routed to the vacuole by a novel mechanism that bypasses the TGN or does not require TGN-localised clathrin adaptors. RESULTS Here, we investigate the role of TGN-localised clathrin adaptors in the traffic of several amino acid permeases, including Can1, during glucose starvation. We find that Can1 transits through the TGN after endocytosis in both starved and normal conditions. Can1 and other amino acid permeases require TGN-localised clathrin adaptors for maximal delivery to the vacuole. Furthermore, these permeases are actively sorted to the vacuole, because ectopically forced de-ubiquitination at the TGN results in the recycling of the Tat1 permase in starved cells. Finally, we report that the Mup1 permease requires the clathrin adaptor Gga2 for vacuolar delivery. In contrast, the clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-1 plays a minor role, potentially in retaining permeases in the TGN, but it is otherwise dispensable for vacuolar delivery. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE This work elucidates one membrane trafficking pathway needed for yeast to respond to acute glucose starvation. It also reveals the functions of TGNlocalised clathrin adaptors in this process. Our results indicate that the same machinery is needed for vacuolar protein sorting at the GN in glucose starved cells as is needed in the presence of glucose. In addition, our findings provide further support for the model that the TGN is a transit point for many endocytosed proteins, and that Gga2 and AP-1 function in distinct pathways at the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiney Buelto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chao-Wei Hung
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Quyen L Aoh
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sagar Lahiri
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mara C Duncan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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15
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Conformationally active integrin endocytosis and traffic: why, where, when and how? Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:83-93. [PMID: 32065228 PMCID: PMC7054750 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal control of integrin-mediated cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for physiological and pathological events in multicellular organisms, such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, platelet aggregation, leukocytes extravasation, and cancer cell metastatic dissemination. Regulation of integrin adhesive function and signaling relies on the modulation of both conformation and traffic. Indeed, integrins exist in a dynamic equilibrium between a bent/closed (inactive) and an extended/open (active) conformation, respectively endowed with low and high affinity for ECM ligands. Increasing evidence proves that, differently to what hypothesized in the past, detachment from the ECM and conformational inactivation are not mandatory for integrin to get endocytosed and trafficked. Specific transmembrane and cytosolic proteins involved in the control of ECM proteolytic fragment-bound active integrin internalization and recycling exist. In the complex masterplan that governs cell behavior, active integrin traffic is key to the turnover of ECM polymers and adhesion sites, the polarized secretion of endogenous ECM proteins and modifying enzymes, the propagation of motility and survival endosomal signals, and the control of cell metabolism.
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16
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Uemura T, Waguri S. Emerging roles of Golgi/endosome-localizing monomeric clathrin adaptors GGAs. Anat Sci Int 2019; 95:12-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-019-00505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Moshal KS, Roder K, Kabakov AY, Werdich AA, Yi-Eng Chiang D, Turan NN, Xie A, Kim TY, Cooper LL, Lu Y, Zhong M, Li W, Terentyev D, Choi BR, Karma A, MacRae CA, Koren G. LITAF (Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor) Regulates Cardiac L-Type Calcium Channels by Modulating NEDD (Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Downregulated Protein) 4-1 Ubiquitin Ligase. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2019; 12:407-420. [PMID: 31462068 PMCID: PMC6750970 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.119.002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The turnover of cardiac ion channels underlying action potential duration is regulated by ubiquitination. Genome-wide association studies of QT interval identified several single-nucleotide polymorphisms located in or near genes involved in protein ubiquitination. A genetic variant upstream of LITAF (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor) gene prompted us to determine its role in modulating cardiac excitation. METHODS Optical mapping was performed in zebrafish hearts to determine Ca2+ transients. Live-cell confocal calcium imaging was performed on adult rabbit cardiomyocytes to determine intracellular Ca2+handling. L-type calcium channel (LTCC) current (ICa,L) was measured using whole-cell recording. To study the effect of LITAF on Cav1.2 (L-type voltage-gated calcium channel 1.2) channel expression, surface biotinylation, and Westerns were performed. LITAF interactions were studied using coimmunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assay. RESULTS LITAF knockdown in zebrafish resulted in a robust increase in calcium transients. Overexpressed LITAF in 3-week-old rabbit cardiomyocytes resulted in a decrease in ICa,L and Cavα1c abundance, whereas LITAF knockdown increased ICa,L and Cavα1c protein. LITAF-overexpressing decreases calcium transients in adult rabbit cardiomyocytes, which was associated with lower Cavα1c levels. In tsA201 cells, overexpressed LITAF downregulated total and surface pools of Cavα1c via increased Cavα1c ubiquitination and its subsequent lysosomal degradation. We observed colocalization between LITAF and LTCC in tsA201 and cardiomyocytes. In tsA201, NEDD (neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein) 4-1, but not its catalytically inactive form NEDD4-1-C867A, increased Cavα1c ubiquitination. Cavα1c ubiquitination was further increased by coexpressed LITAF and NEDD4-1 but not NEDD4-1-C867A. NEDD4-1 knockdown abolished the negative effect of LITAF on ICa,L and Cavα1c levels in 3-week-old rabbit cardiomyocytes. Computer simulations demonstrated that a decrease of ICa,L current associated with LITAF overexpression simultaneously shortened action potential duration and decreased calcium transients in rabbit cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS LITAF acts as an adaptor protein promoting NEDD4-1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of LTCC, thereby controlling LTCC membrane levels and function and thus cardiac excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karni S. Moshal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Karim Roder
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Anatoli Y. Kabakov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Andreas A. Werdich
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David Yi-Eng Chiang
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nilüfer N. Turan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - An Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | | | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Mingwang Zhong
- Physics Dept & Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Complex Systems, Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA
| | - Weiyan Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
| | - Alain Karma
- Physics Dept & Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Complex Systems, Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA
| | - Calum A. MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gideon Koren
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown Univ, Providence, RI
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18
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Sahgal P, Alanko J, Icha J, Paatero I, Hamidi H, Arjonen A, Pietilä M, Rokka A, Ivaska J. GGA2 and RAB13 promote activity-dependent β1-integrin recycling. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.233387. [PMID: 31076515 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.233387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
β1-integrins mediate cell-matrix interactions and their trafficking is important in the dynamic regulation of cell adhesion, migration and malignant processes, including cancer cell invasion. Here, we employ an RNAi screen to characterize regulators of integrin traffic and identify the association of Golgi-localized gamma ear-containing Arf-binding protein 2 (GGA2) with β1-integrin, and its role in recycling of active but not inactive β1-integrin receptors. Silencing of GGA2 limits active β1-integrin levels in focal adhesions and decreases cancer cell migration and invasion, which is in agreement with its ability to regulate the dynamics of active integrins. By using the proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) method, we identified two RAB family small GTPases, i.e. RAB13 and RAB10, as novel interactors of GGA2. Functionally, RAB13 silencing triggers the intracellular accumulation of active β1-integrin, and reduces integrin activity in focal adhesions and cell migration similarly to GGA2 depletion, indicating that both facilitate active β1-integrin recycling to the plasma membrane. Thus, GGA2 and RAB13 are important specificity determinants for integrin activity-dependent traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranshu Sahgal
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Jaroslav Icha
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Ilkka Paatero
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Hellyeh Hamidi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Antti Arjonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Mika Pietilä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Anne Rokka
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland .,Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
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19
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Sadler JBA, Lamb CA, Welburn CR, Adamson IS, Kioumourtzoglou D, Chi NW, Gould GW, Bryant NJ. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP25 binds tankyrase and regulates trafficking of the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT4 in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4710. [PMID: 30886164 PMCID: PMC6423145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Key to whole body glucose homeostasis is the ability of fat and muscle cells to sequester the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT4 in an intracellular compartment from where it can be mobilized in response to insulin. We have previously demonstrated that this process requires ubiquitination of GLUT4 while numerous other studies have identified several molecules that are also required, including the insulin-responsive aminopeptidase IRAP and its binding partner, the scaffolding protein tankyrase. In addition to binding IRAP, Tankyrase has also been shown to bind the deubiquinating enzyme USP25. Here we demonstrate that USP25 and Tankyrase interact, and colocalise with GLUT4 in insulin-sensitive cells. Furthermore depletion of USP25 from adipocytes reduces cellular levels of GLUT4 and concomitantly blunts the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose transport. Collectively, these data support our model that sorting of GLUT4 into its insulin-sensitive store involves a cycle of ubiquitination and subsequent deubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica B A Sadler
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Christopher A Lamb
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Cassie R Welburn
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Iain S Adamson
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Nai-Wen Chi
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gwyn W Gould
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Nia J Bryant
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 4HJ, UK.
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20
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Integrative Genomic Analyses Identifies GGA2 as a Cooperative Driver of EGFR-Mediated Lung Tumorigenesis. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 14:656-671. [PMID: 30578931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeted therapies for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have improved patient outcomes; however, drug resistance remains a major problem. One strategy to achieve durable response is to develop combination-based therapies that target both mutated oncogenes and key modifiers of oncogene-driven tumorigenesis. This is based on the premise that mutated oncogenes, although necessary, are not sufficient for malignant transformation. We aimed to uncover genetic alterations that cooperate with mutant EGFR during LUAD development. METHODS We performed integrative genomic analyses, combining copy number, gene expression and mutational information for over 500 LUAD tumors. Co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis were performed in LUAD cell lines to confirm candidate interactions while RNA interference and gene overexpression were used for in vitro and in vivo functional assessment. RESULTS We identified frequent amplifications/deletions of chromosomal regions affecting the activity of genes specifically in the context of EGFR mutation, including amplification of the mutant EGFR allele and deletion of dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4), which have both previously been reported. In addition, we identified the novel amplification of a segment of chromosome arm 16p in mutant-EGFR tumors corresponding to increased expression of Golgi Associated, Gamma Adaptin Ear Containing, ARF Binding Protein 2 (GGA2), which functions in protein trafficking and sorting. We found that GGA2 interacts with EGFR, increases EGFR protein levels and modifies EGFR degradation after ligand stimulation. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of GGA2 enhances EGFR mediated transformation while GGA2 knockdown reduces the colony and tumor forming ability of EGFR mutant LUAD. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that overexpression of GGA2 in LUAD tumors results in the accumulation of EGFR protein and increased EGFR signaling, which helps drive tumor progression. Thus, GGA2 plays a cooperative role with EGFR during LUAD development and is a potential therapeutic target for combination-based strategies in LUAD.
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21
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GGA2 interacts with EGFR cytoplasmic domain to stabilize the receptor expression and promote cell growth. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1368. [PMID: 29358589 PMCID: PMC5778047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and its downregulation upon ligand binding have been extensively documented. However, the mechanisms by which cells maintain steady-state EGFR expression remain poorly understood. Here, we report a novel role of Golgi-localized, γ-adaptin ear-containing, ADP ribosylation factor-binding protein 2 (GGA2) in the control of EGFR turnover. Whereas GGA1- or GGA3-depletion increased EGFR expression, GGA2-depletion by RNAi greatly reduced steady-state expression of EGFR, reflecting enhanced lysosomal degradation of EGFR. Subsequent pull-down assays showed interactions of VHS-GAT domains from three GGAs with the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane region (jxt) of EGFR, which was dependent on N108 in the VHS domain. Proximity ligation assay also revealed the steady-state interaction between GGA2 and EGFR in situ. Moreover, reduced expression of EGFR in GGA2-depleted cells was reversed by additional depletion of GGA1 or GGA3, suggesting that GGA1 and GGA3 promote EGFR degradation. In addition, GGA2-depleted cells had reduced EGF signaling and cell proliferation in cell culture and xenograft experiments. Finally, GGA2 was upregulated in 30.8% of human hepatocellular carcinomas and 23.3% of colorectal cancers. Together, these results indicate that GGA2 supports cell growth by interacting with EGFR for sustaining the receptor expression.
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22
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Day KJ, Casler JC, Glick BS. Budding Yeast Has a Minimal Endomembrane System. Dev Cell 2018; 44:56-72.e4. [PMID: 29316441 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endomembrane system consists of the secretory and endocytic pathways, which communicate by transport to and from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In mammalian cells, the endocytic pathway includes early, late, and recycling endosomes. In budding yeast, different types of endosomes have been described, but the organization of the endocytic pathway has remained unclear. We performed a spatial and temporal analysis of yeast endosomal markers and endocytic cargoes. Our results indicate that the yeast TGN also serves as an early and recycling endosome. In addition, as previously described, yeast contains a late or prevacuolar endosome (PVE). Endocytic cargoes localize to the TGN shortly after internalization, and manipulations that perturb export from the TGN can slow the passage of endocytic cargoes to the PVE. Yeast apparently lacks a distinct early endosome. Thus, yeast has a simple endocytic pathway that may reflect the ancestral organization of the endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey J Day
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason C Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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23
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In Vivo Ubiquitin Linkage-type Analysis Reveals that the Cdc48-Rad23/Dsk2 Axis Contributes to K48-Linked Chain Specificity of the Proteasome. Mol Cell 2017; 66:488-502.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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24
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Liang J, Zhang L, Tan XL, Qi YK, Feng S, Deng H, Yan Y, Zheng JS, Liu L, Tian CL. Chemical Synthesis of Diubiquitin-Based Photoaffinity Probes for Selectively Profiling Ubiquitin-Binding Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2744-2748. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiang-Long Tan
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yun-Kun Qi
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yijing Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chang-Lin Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
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25
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Liang J, Zhang L, Tan XL, Qi YK, Feng S, Deng H, Yan Y, Zheng JS, Liu L, Tian CL. Chemical Synthesis of Diubiquitin-Based Photoaffinity Probes for Selectively Profiling Ubiquitin-Binding Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiang-Long Tan
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yun-Kun Qi
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yijing Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chang-Lin Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
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Genetic Deletion of the Clathrin Adaptor GGA3 Reduces Anxiety and Alters GABAergic Transmission. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155799. [PMID: 27192432 PMCID: PMC4871427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi-localized γ-ear-containing ARF binding protein 3 (GGA3) is a monomeric clathrin adaptor that has been shown to regulate the trafficking of the Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), which is required for production of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated amyloid βpeptide. Our previous studies have shown that BACE1 is degraded via the lysosomal pathway and that depletion of GGA3 results in increased BACE1 levels and activity owing to impaired lysosomal trafficking and degradation. We further demonstrated the role of GGA3 in the regulation of BACE1 in vivo by showing that BACE1 levels are increased in the brain of GGA3 null mice. We report here that GGA3 deletion results in novelty-induced hyperactivity and decreased anxiety-like behaviors. Given the pivotal role of GABAergic transmission in the regulation of anxiety-like behaviors, we performed electrophysiological recordings in hippocampal slices and found increased phasic and decreased tonic inhibition in the dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGC). Moreover, we found that the number of inhibitory synapses is increased in the dentate gyrus of GGA3 null mice in further support of the electrophysiological data. Thus, the increased GABAergic transmission is a leading candidate mechanism underlying the reduced anxiety-like behaviors observed in GGA3 null mice. All together these findings suggest that GGA3 plays a key role in GABAergic transmission. Since BACE1 levels are elevated in the brain of GGA3 null mice, it is possible that at least some of these phenotypes are a consequence of increased processing of BACE1 substrates.
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von Einem B, Wahler A, Schips T, Serrano-Pozo A, Proepper C, Boeckers TM, Rueck A, Wirth T, Hyman BT, Danzer KM, Thal DR, von Arnim CAF. The Golgi-Localized γ-Ear-Containing ARF-Binding (GGA) Proteins Alter Amyloid-β Precursor Protein (APP) Processing through Interaction of Their GAE Domain with the Beta-Site APP Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129047. [PMID: 26053850 PMCID: PMC4460050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic processing of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the initial step in the production of amyloid beta (Aβ), which accumulates in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Essential for this cleavage is the transport and sorting of both proteins through endosomal/Golgi compartments. Golgi-localized γ-ear-containing ARF-binding (GGA) proteins have striking cargo-sorting functions in these pathways. Recently, GGA1 and GGA3 were shown to interact with BACE1, to be expressed in neurons, and to be decreased in AD brain, whereas little is known about GGA2. Since GGA1 impacts Aβ generation by confining APP to the Golgi and perinuclear compartments, we tested whether all GGAs modulate BACE1 and APP transport and processing. We observed decreased levels of secreted APP alpha (sAPPα), sAPPβ, and Aβ upon GGA overexpression, which could be reverted by knockdown. GGA-BACE1 co-immunoprecipitation was impaired upon GGA-GAE but not VHS domain deletion. Autoinhibition of the GGA1-VHS domain was irrelevant for BACE1 interaction. Our data suggest that all three GGAs affect APP processing via the GGA-GAE domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern von Einem
- Institute of Neurology, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anke Wahler
- Institute of Neurology, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Schips
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alberto Serrano-Pozo
- Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christian Proepper
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias M. Boeckers
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Angelika Rueck
- Core Facility Laser Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Karin M. Danzer
- Institute of Neurology, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dietmar R. Thal
- Laboratory for Neuropathology—Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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The Road not Taken: Less Traveled Roads from the TGN to the Plasma Membrane. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:84-98. [PMID: 25764365 PMCID: PMC4384092 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The trans-Golgi network functions in the distribution of cargo into different transport vesicles that are destined to endosomes, lysosomes and the plasma membrane. Over the years, it has become clear that more than one transport pathway promotes plasma membrane localization of proteins. In spite of the importance of temporal and spatial control of protein localization at the plasma membrane, the regulation of sorting into and the formation of different transport containers are still poorly understood. In this review different transport pathways, with a special emphasis on exomer-dependent transport, and concepts of regulation and sorting at the TGN are discussed.
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29
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Martins S, Dohmann EMN, Cayrel A, Johnson A, Fischer W, Pojer F, Satiat-Jeunemaître B, Jaillais Y, Chory J, Geldner N, Vert G. Internalization and vacuolar targeting of the brassinosteroid hormone receptor BRI1 are regulated by ubiquitination. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6151. [PMID: 25608221 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids are plant steroid hormones that control many aspects of plant growth and development, and are perceived at the cell surface by the plasma membrane-localized receptor kinase BRI1. Here we show that BRI1 is post-translationally modified by K63 polyubiquitin chains in vivo. Using both artificial ubiquitination of BRI1 and generation of an ubiquitination-defective BRI1 mutant form, we demonstrate that ubiquitination promotes BRI1 internalization from the cell surface and is essential for its recognition at the trans-Golgi network/early endosomes (TGN/EE) for vacuolar targeting. Finally, we demonstrate that the control of BRI1 protein dynamics by ubiquitination is an important control mechanism for brassinosteroid responses in plants. Altogether, our results identify ubiquitination and K63-linked polyubiquitin chain formation as a dual targeting signal for BRI1 internalization and sorting along the endocytic pathway, and highlight its role in hormonally controlled plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martins
- 1] Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [2] Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saclay Plant Sciences, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Esther M N Dohmann
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Cayrel
- 1] Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [2] Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saclay Plant Sciences, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexander Johnson
- 1] Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [2] Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saclay Plant Sciences, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Florence Pojer
- Protein Crystallography Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, SV 3827 Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaître
- 1] Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [2] Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saclay Plant Sciences, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, INRA, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon 07, France
| | - Joanne Chory
- 1] The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Niko Geldner
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grégory Vert
- 1] Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [2] Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saclay Plant Sciences, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Becuwe M, Léon S. Integrated control of transporter endocytosis and recycling by the arrestin-related protein Rod1 and the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5. eLife 2014; 3. [PMID: 25380227 PMCID: PMC4244573 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
After endocytosis, membrane proteins can recycle to the cell membrane or be degraded in lysosomes. Cargo ubiquitylation favors their lysosomal targeting and can be regulated by external signals, but the mechanism is ill-defined. Here, we studied the post-endocytic trafficking of Jen1, a yeast monocarboxylate transporter, using microfluidics-assisted live-cell imaging. We show that the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and the glucose-regulated arrestin-related trafficking adaptors (ART) protein Rod1, involved in the glucose-induced internalization of Jen1, are also required for the post-endocytic sorting of Jen1 to the yeast lysosome. This new step takes place at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where Rod1 localizes dynamically upon triggering endocytosis. Indeed, transporter trafficking to the TGN after internalization is required for their degradation. Glucose removal promotes Rod1 relocalization to the cytosol and Jen1 deubiquitylation, allowing transporter recycling when the signal is only transient. Therefore, nutrient availability regulates transporter fate through the localization of the ART/Rsp5 ubiquitylation complex at the TGN. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03307.001 The plasma membrane that surrounds cells contains many different proteins that perform tasks such as detecting signals sent to the cell, and transporting molecules into or out of the cell. To adapt to changing conditions, cells remodel their membrane to change how much of each type of protein is present. A process called endocytosis—where part of the plasma membrane and the proteins it contains buds off into the cell—plays an important role in this remodeling. The fate of a membrane protein after endocytosis can depend on whether a protein ‘tag’ called ubiquitin has been added to it. Ubiquitin-marked proteins bud off into the cell and are then sent to cell structures called lysosomes to be degraded, whereas unmarked proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane. Yeast cell membranes contain a protein called Jen1 that transports certain molecules, including one called lactate that can be used as fuel for growth. However, glucose is a preferred nutrient for yeast, so when glucose is available, another protein called Rod1 becomes activated and promotes the addition of ubiquitin to Jen1, and hence its degradation. This means that the cells can no longer use lactate as a source of energy. However, it was not known where in the cell the Rod1 protein does this. Becuwe and Léon labeled proteins involved in endocytosis with fluorescent tags and used microscopy to observe their fate in live yeast cells exposed to glucose. This revealed two roles for Rod1. At the plasma membrane, Rod1 helps Jen1 to be taken into the cell in the early stages of endocytosis. But unexpectedly, Rod1 is also found at a cellular structure called the trans-Golgi network, small membrane sacs that are typically responsible for packaging proteins so they can be transported to a new destination, in particular the plasma membrane. This suggests that Rod1 can also act at this location in the cell. When the proteins responsible for maintaining transport to the trans-Golgi network are inhibited, Jen1 is no longer degraded, even when glucose is present; instead, Jen1 is recycled back to the plasma membrane. Becuwe and Léon therefore propose that a second level of control of the degradation of plasma membrane proteins occurs in the trans-Golgi network, and so this compartment has an essential role in sorting proteins for degradation or recycling. The group of proteins that Rod1 belongs to, named arrestins, has been suggested to play important roles in several diseases, including diabetes and cancer. As many of the features of the endocytic pathway are conserved in a broad range of species, arrestins may also be important for controlling the fate of membrane proteins at multiple places in mammalian cells. However, further work is required to confirm this. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03307.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Becuwe
- Department of Cell Biology, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Léon
- Department of Cell Biology, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, Paris, France
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
| | - Daniel W. Sirkis
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
| | - Randy Schekman
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
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32
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Santonico E, Mattioni A, Panni S, Belleudi F, Mattei M, Torrisi MR, Cesareni G, Castagnoli L. RNF11 is a GGA protein cargo and acts as a molecular adaptor for GGA3 ubiquitination mediated by Itch. Oncogene 2014; 34:3377-90. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Babst M. Quality control: quality control at the plasma membrane: one mechanism does not fit all. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:11-20. [PMID: 24733583 PMCID: PMC3987138 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201310113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane quality control system of eukaryotic cells is able to recognize and degrade damaged cell surface proteins. Recent studies have identified two mechanisms involved in the recognition of unfolded transmembrane proteins. One system uses chaperones to detect unfolded cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane proteins, whereas the second mechanism relies on an internal quality control system of the protein, which can trigger degradation when the protein deviates from the folded state. Both quality control mechanisms are key to prevent proteotoxic effects at the cell surface and to ensure cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Babst
- Department of Biology, Center for Cell and Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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34
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Schuh AL, Audhya A. The ESCRT machinery: from the plasma membrane to endosomes and back again. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 49:242-61. [PMID: 24456136 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2014.881777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation and reorganization of lipid bilayers are required for diverse cellular processes, ranging from organelle biogenesis to cytokinetic abscission, and often involves transient membrane disruption. A set of membrane-associated proteins collectively known as the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery has been implicated in membrane scission steps, which transform a single, continuous bilayer into two distinct bilayers, while simultaneously segregating cargo throughout the process. Components of the ESCRT pathway, which include 5 distinct protein complexes and an array of accessory factors, each serve discrete functions. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which the ESCRT proteins facilitate cargo sequestration and membrane remodeling and highlights their unique roles in cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Schuh
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, WI , USA
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35
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Piper RC, Dikic I, Lukacs GL. Ubiquitin-dependent sorting in endocytosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2014; 6:6/1/a016808. [PMID: 24384571 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
When ubiquitin (Ub) is attached to membrane proteins on the plasma membrane, it directs them through a series of sorting steps that culminate in their delivery to the lumen of the lysosome where they undergo complete proteolysis. Ubiquitin is recognized by a series of complexes that operate at a number of vesicle transport steps. Ubiquitin serves as a sorting signal for internalization at the plasma membrane and is the major signal for incorporation into intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular late endosomes. The sorting machineries that catalyze these steps can bind Ub via a variety of Ub-binding domains. At the same time, many of these complexes are themselves ubiquitinated, thus providing a plethora of potential mechanisms to regulate their activity. Here we provide an overview of how membrane proteins are selected for ubiquitination and deubiquitination within the endocytic pathway and how that ubiquitin signal is interpreted by endocytic sorting machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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36
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Tan J, Brill JA. Cinderella story: PI4P goes from precursor to key signaling molecule. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 49:33-58. [PMID: 24219382 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.853024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol lipids are signaling molecules involved in nearly all aspects of cellular regulation. Production of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) has long been recognized as one of the first steps in generating poly-phosphatidylinositol phosphates involved in actin organization, cell migration, and signal transduction. In addition, progress over the last decade has brought to light independent roles for PI4P in membrane trafficking and lipid homeostasis. Here, we describe recent advances that reveal the breadth of processes regulated by PI4P, the spectrum of PI4P effectors, and the mechanisms of spatiotemporal control that coordinate crosstalk between PI4P and cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada and
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37
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De M, Abazeed ME, Fuller RS. Direct binding of the Kex2p cytosolic tail to the VHS domain of yeast Gga2p facilitates TGN to prevacuolar compartment transport and is regulated by phosphorylation. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:495-509. [PMID: 23408788 PMCID: PMC3571872 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-11-0843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The VHS domains of yeast Gga1p and Gga2p bind sites (GBSs) in the Kex2p and Vps10p cytosolic tails. Phosphorylation of Ser-780 in the Kex2p GBS enhances Kex2p transport from the TGN to the PVC and is induced by cell wall damage. Kex2p GBS function is shown by direct binding, cell-free transport, and in vivo assays for Kex2 localization. Human Golgi-localized, γ-ear–containing, ADP-ribosylation factor–binding proteins (Ggas) bind directly to acidic dileucine sorting motifs in the cytosolic tails (C-tails) of intracellular receptors. Despite evidence for a role in recruiting ubiquitinated cargo, it remains unclear whether yeast Ggas also function by binding peptide-sorting signals directly. Two-hybrid analysis shows that the Gga1p and Gga2p Vps27, Hrs, Stam (VHS) domains both bind a site in the Kex2p C-tail and that the Gga2p VHS domain binds a site in the Vps10p C-tail. Binding requires deletion of an apparently autoinhibitory sequence in the Gga2p hinge. Ser780 in the Kex2p C-tail is crucial for binding: an Ala substitution blocks but an Asp substitution permits binding. Biochemical assays using purified Gga2p VHS–GGA and TOM1 (GAT) and glutathione S-transferase–Kex2p C-tail fusions show that Gga2p binds directly to the Kex2p C-tail, with relative affinities Asp780 > Ser780 > Ala780. Affinity-purified antibody against a peptide containing phospho-Ser780 recognizes wild-type Kex2p but not S780A Kex2p, showing that Ser780 is phosphorylated in vivo; phosphorylation of Ser780 is up-regulated by cell wall–damaging drugs. Finally, mutation of Ser780 alters trafficking of Kex2p both in vivo and in cell-free trans-Golgi network (TGN)–prevacuolar compartment (PVC) transport. Thus yeast Gga adaptors facilitate TGN–PVC transport by direct binding of noncanonical phosphoregulated Gga-binding sites in cargo molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithu De
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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38
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Shewan AM, McCann RK, Lamb CA, Stirrat L, Kioumourtzoglou D, Adamson IS, Verma S, James DE, Bryant NJ. Endosomal sorting of GLUT4 and Gap1 is conserved between yeast and insulin-sensitive cells. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1576-82. [PMID: 23424197 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-regulated trafficking of the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT4 in human fat and muscle cells and the nitrogen-regulated trafficking of the general amino acid permease Gap1 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae share several common features: Both Gap1 and GLUT4 are nutrient transporters that are mobilised to the cell surface from an intracellular store in response to an environmental cue; both are polytopic membrane proteins harbouring amino acid targeting motifs in their C-terminal tails that are required for their regulated trafficking; ubiquitylation of both Gap1 and GLUT4 plays an important role in their regulated trafficking, as do the ubiquitin-binding GGA (Golgi-localised, γ-ear-containing, ARF-binding) adaptor proteins. Here, we find that when expressed heterologously in yeast, human GLUT4 is subject to nitrogen-regulated trafficking in an ubiquitin-dependent manner similar to Gap1. In addition, by expressing a GLUT4/Gap1 chimeric protein in adipocytes we show that the carboxy-tail of Gap1 directs intracellular sequestration and insulin-regulated trafficking in adipocytes. These findings demonstrate that the trafficking signals and their cognate molecular regulatory machinery that mediate regulated exocytosis of membrane proteins are conserved across evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Shewan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
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39
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De M, Abazeed ME, Fuller RS. Direct binding of the Kex2p cytosolic tail to the VHS domain of yeast Gga2p facilitates TGN to prevacuolar compartment transport and is regulated by phosphorylation. Mol Biol Cell 2013. [DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-04-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Golgi-localized, γ-ear–containing, ADP-ribosylation factor–binding proteins (Ggas) bind directly to acidic dileucine sorting motifs in the cytosolic tails (C-tails) of intracellular receptors. Despite evidence for a role in recruiting ubiquitinated cargo, it remains unclear whether yeast Ggas also function by binding peptide-sorting signals directly. Two-hybrid analysis shows that the Gga1p and Gga2p Vps27, Hrs, Stam (VHS) domains both bind a site in the Kex2p C-tail and that the Gga2p VHS domain binds a site in the Vps10p C-tail. Binding requires deletion of an apparently autoinhibitory sequence in the Gga2p hinge. Ser780in the Kex2p C-tail is crucial for binding: an Ala substitution blocks but an Asp substitution permits binding. Biochemical assays using purified Gga2p VHS–GGA and TOM1 (GAT) and glutathione S-transferase–Kex2p C-tail fusions show that Gga2p binds directly to the Kex2p C-tail, with relative affinities Asp780> Ser780> Ala780. Affinity-purified antibody against a peptide containing phospho-Ser780recognizes wild-type Kex2p but not S780A Kex2p, showing that Ser780is phosphorylated in vivo; phosphorylation of Ser780is up-regulated by cell wall–damaging drugs. Finally, mutation of Ser780alters trafficking of Kex2p both in vivo and in cell-free trans-Golgi network (TGN)–prevacuolar compartment (PVC) transport. Thus yeast Gga adaptors facilitate TGN–PVC transport by direct binding of noncanonical phosphoregulated Gga-binding sites in cargo molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithu De
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Mohamed E. Abazeed
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Robert S. Fuller
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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40
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Bonnemaison ML, Eipper BA, Mains RE. Role of adaptor proteins in secretory granule biogenesis and maturation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:101. [PMID: 23966980 PMCID: PMC3743005 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the regulated secretory pathway, secretory granules (SGs) store peptide hormones that are released on demand. SGs are formed at the trans-Golgi network and must undergo a maturation process to become responsive to secretagogues. The production of mature SGs requires concentrating newly synthesized soluble content proteins in granules whose membranes contain the appropriate integral membrane proteins. The mechanisms underlying the sorting of soluble and integral membrane proteins destined for SGs from other proteins are not yet well understood. For soluble proteins, luminal pH and divalent metals can affect aggregation and interaction with surrounding membranes. The trafficking of granule membrane proteins can be controlled by both luminal and cytosolic factors. Cytosolic adaptor proteins (APs), which recognize the cytosolic domains of proteins that span the SG membrane, have been shown to play essential roles in the assembly of functional SGs. Adaptor protein 1A (AP-1A) is known to interact with specific motifs in its cargo proteins and with the clathrin heavy chain, contributing to the formation of a clathrin coat. AP-1A is present in patches on immature SG membranes, where it removes cargo and facilitates SG maturation. AP-1A recruitment to membranes can be modulated by Phosphofurin Acidic Cluster Sorting protein 1 (PACS-1), a cytosolic protein which interacts with both AP-1A and cargo that has been phosphorylated by casein kinase II. A cargo/PACS-1/AP-1A complex is necessary to drive the appropriate transport of several cargo proteins within the regulated secretory pathway. The Golgi-localized, γ-ear containing, ADP-ribosylation factor binding (GGA) family of APs serve a similar role. We review the functions of AP-1A, PACS-1, and GGAs in facilitating the retrieval of proteins from immature SGs and review examples of cargo proteins whose trafficking within the regulated secretory pathway is governed by APs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde L. Bonnemaison
- Department of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Betty A. Eipper
- Department of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Richard E. Mains
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- *Correspondence: Richard E. Mains, Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3401, USA e-mail:
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Hachiro T, Yamamoto T, Nakano K, Tanaka K. Phospholipid flippases Lem3p-Dnf1p and Lem3p-Dnf2p are involved in the sorting of the tryptophan permease Tat2p in yeast. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:3594-608. [PMID: 23250744 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.416263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The type 4 P-type ATPases are flippases that generate phospholipid asymmetry in membranes. In budding yeast, heteromeric flippases, including Lem3p-Dnf1p and Lem3p-Dnf2p, translocate phospholipids to the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes. Here, we report that Lem3p-Dnf1/2p are involved in transport of the tryptophan permease Tat2p to the plasma membrane. The lem3Δ mutant exhibited a tryptophan requirement due to the mislocalization of Tat2p to intracellular membranes. Tat2p was relocalized to the plasma membrane when trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to-endosome transport was inhibited. Inhibition of ubiquitination by mutations in ubiquitination machinery also rerouted Tat2p to the plasma membrane. Lem3p-Dnf1/2p are localized to endosomal/TGN membranes in addition to the plasma membrane. Endocytosis mutants, in which Lem3p-Dnf1/2p are sequestered to the plasma membrane, also exhibited the ubiquitination-dependent missorting of Tat2p. These results suggest that Tat2p is ubiquitinated at the TGN and missorted to the vacuolar pathway in the lem3Δ mutant. The NH(2)-terminal cytoplasmic region of Tat2p containing ubiquitination acceptor lysines interacted with liposomes containing acidic phospholipids, including phosphatidylserine. This interaction was abrogated by alanine substitution mutations in the basic amino acids downstream of the ubiquitination sites. Interestingly, a mutant Tat2p containing these substitutions was missorted in a ubiquitination-dependent manner. We propose the following model based on these results; Tat2p is not ubiquitinated when the NH(2)-terminal region is bound to membrane phospholipids, but if it dissociates from the membrane due to a low level of phosphatidylserine caused by perturbation of phospholipid asymmetry in the lem3Δ mutant, Tat2p is ubiquitinated and then transported from the TGN to the vacuole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Hachiro
- Division of Molecular Interaction, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Life Science, N15 W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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Kang EL, Biscaro B, Piazza F, Tesco G. BACE1 protein endocytosis and trafficking are differentially regulated by ubiquitination at lysine 501 and the Di-leucine motif in the carboxyl terminus. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:42867-80. [PMID: 23109336 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.407072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme (BACE1) is a membrane-tethered member of the aspartyl proteases that has been identified as β-secretase. BACE1 is targeted through the secretory pathway to the plasma membrane and then is internalized to endosomes. Sorting of membrane proteins to the endosomes and lysosomes is regulated by the interaction of signals present in their carboxyl-terminal fragment with specific trafficking molecules. The BACE1 carboxyl-terminal fragment contains a di-leucine sorting signal ((495)DDISLL(500)) and a ubiquitination site at Lys-501. Here, we report that lack of ubiquitination at Lys-501 (BACE1K501R) does not affect the rate of endocytosis but produces BACE1 stabilization and accumulation of BACE1 in early and late endosomes/lysosomes as well as at the cell membrane. In contrast, the disruption of the di-leucine motif (BACE1LLAA) greatly impairs BACE1 endocytosis and produces a delayed retrograde transport of BACE1 to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and a delayed delivery of BACE1 to the lysosomes, thus decreasing its degradation. Moreover, the combination of the lack of ubiquitination at Lys-501 and the disruption of the di-leucine motif (BACE1LLAA/KR) produces additive effects on BACE1 stabilization and defective internalization. Finally, BACE1LLAA/KR accumulates in the TGN, while its levels are decreased in EEA1-positive compartments indicating that both ubiquitination at Lys-501 and the di-leucine motif are necessary for the trafficking of BACE1 from the TGN to early endosomes. Our studies have elucidated a differential role for the di-leucine motif and ubiquitination at Lys-501 in BACE1 endocytosis, trafficking, and degradation and suggest the involvement of multiple adaptor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene L Kang
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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Sorting signals that mediate traffic of chitin synthase III between the TGN/endosomes and to the plasma membrane in yeast. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46386. [PMID: 23056294 PMCID: PMC3463608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic of the integral yeast membrane protein chitin synthase III (Chs3p) from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the cell surface and to and from the early endosomes (EE) requires active protein sorting decoded by a number of protein coats. Here we define overlapping signals on Chs3p responsible for sorting in both exocytic and intracellular pathways by the coats exomer and AP-1, respectively. Residues 19DEESLL24, near the N-terminal cytoplasmically-exposed domain, comprise both an exocytic di-acidic signal and an intracellular di-leucine signal. Additionally we show that the AP-3 complex is required for the intracellular retention of Chs3p. Finally, residues R374 and W391, comprise another signal responsible for an exomer-independent alternative pathway that conveys Chs3p to the cell surface. These results establish a role for active protein sorting at the trans-Golgi en route to the plasma membrane (PM) and suggest a possible mechanism to regulate protein trafficking.
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Scheuring D, Künzl F, Viotti C, Yan MSW, Jiang L, Schellmann S, Robinson DG, Pimpl P. Ubiquitin initiates sorting of Golgi and plasma membrane proteins into the vacuolar degradation pathway. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:164. [PMID: 22970698 PMCID: PMC3534617 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In yeast and mammals, many plasma membrane (PM) proteins destined for degradation are tagged with ubiquitin. These ubiquitinated proteins are internalized into clathrin-coated vesicles and are transported to early endosomal compartments. There, ubiquitinated proteins are sorted by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery into the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular endosomes. Degradation of these proteins occurs after endosomes fuse with lysosomes/lytic vacuoles to release their content into the lumen. In plants, some PM proteins, which cycle between the PM and endosomal compartments, have been found to be ubiquitinated, but it is unclear whether ubiquitin is sufficient to mediate internalization and thus acts as a primary sorting signal for the endocytic pathway. To test whether plants use ubiquitin as a signal for the degradation of membrane proteins, we have translationally fused ubiquitin to different fluorescent reporters for the plasma membrane and analyzed their transport. RESULTS Ubiquitin-tagged PM reporters localized to endosomes and to the lumen of the lytic vacuole in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts and in tobacco epidermal cells. The internalization of these reporters was significantly reduced if clathrin-mediated endocytosis was inhibited by the coexpression of a mutant of the clathrin heavy chain, the clathrin hub. Surprisingly, a ubiquitin-tagged reporter for the Golgi was also transported into the lumen of the vacuole. Vacuolar delivery of the reporters was abolished upon inhibition of the ESCRT machinery, indicating that the vacuolar delivery of these reporters occurs via the endocytic transport route. CONCLUSIONS Ubiquitin acts as a sorting signal at different compartments in the endomembrane system to target membrane proteins into the vacuolar degradation pathway: If displayed at the PM, ubiquitin triggers internalization of PM reporters into the endocytic transport route, but it also mediates vacuolar delivery if displayed at the Golgi. In both cases, ubiquitin-tagged proteins travel via early endosomes and multivesicular bodies to the lytic vacuole. This suggests that vacuolar degradation of ubiquitinated proteins is not restricted to PM proteins but might also facilitate the turnover of membrane proteins in the early secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Scheuring
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Fabian Künzl
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Corrado Viotti
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Melody San Wan Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Swen Schellmann
- Botanical Institute, Biozentrum Köln, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany
| | - David G Robinson
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Peter Pimpl
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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Schaeuble K, Hauser MA, Rippl AV, Bruderer R, Otero C, Groettrup M, Legler DF. Ubiquitylation of the chemokine receptor CCR7 enables efficient receptor recycling and cell migration. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:4463-74. [PMID: 22797918 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.097519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR7 is essential for lymphocyte and dendritic cell homing to secondary lymphoid organs. Owing to the ability to induce directional migration, CCR7 and its ligands CCL19 and CCL21 are pivotal for the regulation of the immune system. Here, we identify a novel function for receptor ubiquitylation in the regulation of the trafficking process of this G-protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor. We discovered that CCR7 is ubiquitylated in a constitutive, ligand-independent manner and that receptor ubiquitylation regulates the basal trafficking of CCR7 in the absence of chemokine. Upon CCL19 binding, we show that internalized CCR7 recycles back to the plasma membrane via the trans-Golgi network. An ubiquitylation-deficient CCR7 mutant internalized normally after ligand binding, but inefficiently recycled in immune cells and was transiently retarded in the trans-Golgi network compartment of HEK293 transfectants. Finally, we demonstrate that the lack of CCR7 ubiquitylation profoundly impairs immune cell migration. Our results provide evidence for a novel function of receptor ubiquitylation in the regulation of CCR7 recycling and immune cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schaeuble
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Unterseestrasse 47, CH-8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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Nakase M, Nakase Y, Chardwiriyapreecha S, Kakinuma Y, Matsumoto T, Takegawa K. Intracellular trafficking and ubiquitination of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe amino acid permease Aat1p. Microbiology (Reading) 2012; 158:659-673. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.053389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nakase
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakase
- Department of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6060-8501, Japan
| | - Soracom Chardwiriyapreecha
- Department of Applied Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kakinuma
- Department of Applied Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | | | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Nakamura N. The Role of the Transmembrane RING Finger Proteins in Cellular and Organelle Function. MEMBRANES 2011; 1:354-93. [PMID: 24957874 PMCID: PMC4021871 DOI: 10.3390/membranes1040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A large number of RING finger (RNF) proteins are present in eukaryotic cells and the majority of them are believed to act as E3 ubiquitin ligases. In humans, 49 RNF proteins are predicted to contain transmembrane domains, several of which are specifically localized to membrane compartments in the secretory and endocytic pathways, as well as to mitochondria and peroxisomes. They are thought to be molecular regulators of the organization and integrity of the functions and dynamic architecture of cellular membrane and membranous organelles. Emerging evidence has suggested that transmembrane RNF proteins control the stability, trafficking and activity of proteins that are involved in many aspects of cellular and physiological processes. This review summarizes the current knowledge of mammalian transmembrane RNF proteins, focusing on their roles and significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B13 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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Kümmel D, Reinisch KM. Structure of Golgi transport proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2011; 3:cshperspect.a007609. [PMID: 21813399 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a007609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The function of the Golgi has long been recognized to critically depend on vesicular transport from, to, and within its cisternae, involving constant membrane fission and fusion. These processes are mediated by Arf GTPases and coat proteins, and Rabs, tethers and SNARE proteins, respectively. In this article, we describe structural studies of Golgi coats and tethers and their interactions with SNAREs and GTPases as well as insights regarding membrane traffic processes that these have provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kümmel
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Yogo K, Tojima H, Ohno JY, Ogawa T, Nakamura N, Hirose S, Takeya T, Kohsaka T. Identification of SAMT family proteins as substrates of MARCH11 in mouse spermatids. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 137:53-65. [PMID: 22075566 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MARCH11, a RING-finger transmembrane ubiquitin ligase, is predominantly expressed in spermatids and localized to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Because ubiquitination acts as a sorting signal of cargo proteins, MARCH11 has been postulated to mediate selective protein sorting via the TGN-MVB pathway. However, the physiological substrate of MARCH11 has not been identified. In this study, we have identified and characterized SAMT1, a member of a novel 4-transmembrane protein family, which consists of four members. Samt1 mRNA and its expression product were found to be specific to the testis and were first detected in germ cells 25 days after birth in mice. Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that SAMT1 was specifically expressed in haploid spermatids during the cap and acrosome phases. Confocal microscopic analysis showed that SAMT1 co-localized with MARCH11 as well as with fucose-containing glycoproteins, another TGN/MVB marker, and LAPM2, a late endosome/lysosome marker. Furthermore, we found that MARCH11 could increase the ubiquitination of SAMT1 and enhance its lysosomal delivery and degradation in an E3 ligase activity-dependent manner. In addition, the C-terminal region of SAMT1 was indispensable for its ubiquitination and proper localization. The other member proteins of the SAMT family also showed similar expression profile, intracellular localization, and biochemical properties, including ubiquitination by MARCH11. These results suggest that SAMT family proteins are physiological substrates of MARCH11 and are delivered to lysosomes through the TGN-MVB pathway by a ubiquitin-dependent sorting system in mouse spermatids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Yogo
- Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
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Piper RC, Lehner PJ. Endosomal transport via ubiquitination. Trends Cell Biol 2011; 21:647-55. [PMID: 21955996 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell survival, growth, differentiation and homeostasis rely on exquisite control of the abundance of particular cell-surface membrane proteins. Cell-surface proteins must respond appropriately to environmental and intracellular cues, often undergoing regulated internalization and lysosomal degradation. These proteins also can sustain damage and must be recognized and removed. A unifying mechanism has emerged for the trafficking of damaged and downregulated proteins to the lysosome by their attachment to ubiquitin (Ub), which serves as a sorting signal for clathrin-mediated internalization and sorting into late endosomes. Major questions remain as to how this system is governed, how it is adapted for different proteins, and whether Ub serves as more than a one-way ticket to the lysosome for degradation. Here, we highlight recent insights and the challenges that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Piper
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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