1
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Yu Y, Martins LM. Mitochondrial One-Carbon Metabolism and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6302. [PMID: 38928008 PMCID: PMC11203557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism provides carbon units to several pathways, including nucleic acid synthesis, mitochondrial metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and methylation reactions. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, characterised by impaired energy metabolism, and is potentially linked to mitochondrial bioenergetics. Here, we discuss the intersection between the molecular pathways linked to both mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism and Alzheimer's disease. We propose that enhancing one-carbon metabolism could promote the metabolic processes that help brain cells cope with Alzheimer's disease-related injuries. We also highlight potential therapeutic avenues to leverage one-carbon metabolism to delay Alzheimer's disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Yu
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - L. Miguel Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
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2
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Byrns CN, Perlegos AE, Miller KN, Jin Z, Carranza FR, Manchandra P, Beveridge CH, Randolph CE, Chaluvadi VS, Zhang SL, Srinivasan AR, Bennett FC, Sehgal A, Adams PD, Chopra G, Bonini NM. Senescent glia link mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation. Nature 2024; 630:475-483. [PMID: 38839958 PMCID: PMC11168935 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Senescence is a cellular state linked to ageing and age-onset disease across many mammalian species1,2. Acutely, senescent cells promote wound healing3,4 and prevent tumour formation5; but they are also pro-inflammatory, thus chronically exacerbate tissue decline. Whereas senescent cells are active targets for anti-ageing therapy6-11, why these cells form in vivo, how they affect tissue ageing and the effect of their elimination remain unclear12,13. Here we identify naturally occurring senescent glia in ageing Drosophila brains and decipher their origin and influence. Using Activator protein 1 (AP1) activity to screen for senescence14,15, we determine that senescent glia can appear in response to neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction. In turn, senescent glia promote lipid accumulation in non-senescent glia; similar effects are seen in senescent human fibroblasts in culture. Targeting AP1 activity in senescent glia mitigates senescence biomarkers, extends fly lifespan and health span, and prevents lipid accumulation. However, these benefits come at the cost of increased oxidative damage in the brain, and neuronal mitochondrial function remains poor. Altogether, our results map the trajectory of naturally occurring senescent glia in vivo and indicate that these cells link key ageing phenomena: mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- China N Byrns
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra E Perlegos
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karl N Miller
- Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhecheng Jin
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Faith R Carranza
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Palak Manchandra
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - V Sai Chaluvadi
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirley L Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - F C Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gaurav Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nancy M Bonini
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Han T, Xu Y, Sun L, Hashimoto M, Wei J. Microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1241-1248. [PMID: 37905870 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging; they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration. Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, and Parkinson's disease. This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states. Therefore, inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Basic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
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4
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Han T, Xu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Cheng X, Shen Y, Wei J. Function and Mechanism of Abscisic Acid on Microglia-Induced Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4920. [PMID: 38732130 PMCID: PMC11084589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), as a neurologically implemented disease with complex etiological factors, has a complex and variable pathogenesis. Accompanying further research, neuroinflammation has been found to be one of the possible factors in its pathogenesis. Microglia, as intrinsic immune cells in the brain, play an important role in maintaining microenvironmental homeostasis in the brain. However, over-activation of neurotoxic microglia in PD promotes neuroinflammation, which further increases dopaminergic (DA) neuronal damage and exacerbates the disease process. Therefore, targeting and regulating the functional state of microglia is expected to be a potential avenue for PD treatment. In addition, plant extracts have shown great potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders due to their abundant resources, mild effects, and the presence of multiple active ingredients. However, it is worth noting that some natural products have certain toxic side effects, so it is necessary to pay attention to distinguish medicinal ingredients and usage and dosage when using to avoid aggravating the progression of diseases. In this review, the roles of microglia with different functional states in PD and the related pathways inducing microglia to transform into neuroprotective states are described. At the same time, it is discussed that abscisic acid (ABA) may regulate the polarization of microglia by targeting them, promote their transformation into neuroprotective state, reduce the neuroinflammatory response in PD, and provide a new idea for the treatment of PD and the selection of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Haixuan Liu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiangshu Cheng
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
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5
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Vedelek V, Jankovics F, Zádori J, Sinka R. Mitochondrial Differentiation during Spermatogenesis: Lessons from Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3980. [PMID: 38612789 PMCID: PMC11012351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous diseases can arise as a consequence of mitochondrial malfunction. Hence, there is a significant focus on studying the role of mitochondria in cancer, ageing, neurodegenerative diseases, and the field of developmental biology. Mitochondria could exist as discrete organelles in the cell; however, they have the ability to fuse, resulting in the formation of interconnected reticular structures. The dynamic changes between these forms correlate with mitochondrial function and mitochondrial health, and consequently, there is a significant scientific interest in uncovering the specific molecular constituents that govern these transitions. Moreover, the specialized mitochondria display a wide array of variable morphologies in their cristae formations. These inner mitochondrial structures are closely associated with the specific functions performed by the mitochondria. In multiple cases, the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to male sterility, as it has been observed to cause a range of abnormal spermatogenesis and sperm phenotypes in different species. This review aims to elucidate the dynamic alterations and functions of mitochondria in germ cell development during the spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Vedelek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jankovics
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Medical Biology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical Centre, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Zádori
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical Centre, University of Szeged, 6723 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Rita Sinka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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6
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Zimmermann A, Madeo F, Diwan A, Sadoshima J, Sedej S, Kroemer G, Abdellatif M. Metabolic control of mitophagy. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14138. [PMID: 38041247 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major hallmark of ageing and related chronic disorders. Controlled removal of damaged mitochondria by the autophagic machinery, a process known as mitophagy, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism places mitochondrial removal at the interface of key metabolic pathways affecting the biosynthesis or catabolism of acetyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, polyamines, as well as fatty acids and amino acids. Molecular switches that integrate the metabolic status of the cell, like AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase A, mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuins, have also emerged as important regulators of mitophagy. In this review, we discuss how metabolic regulation intersects with mitophagy. We place special emphasis on the metabolic regulatory circuits that may be therapeutically targeted to delay ageing and mitochondria-associated chronic diseases. Moreover, we identify outstanding knowledge gaps, such as the ill-defined distinction between basal and damage-induced mitophagy, which must be resolved to boost progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, and John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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7
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Zhang R, Lai Z, Tian H, Wang M, Guo YY, Zhang M, Zhou J, Yao MS, Li Z. Polyurea-magnetic hierarchical porous composites for profiling of anionic metabolites. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 38044886 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01718d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Combining powerful adsorption capacity, simple preparation, rapid separation as well as superior stability and recyclability, a polyurea-magnetic hierarchical porous composite has been prepared. It demonstrates efficient physisorption for anionic metabolites in less than one minute and is promising for application to the analysis of a broad range of anionic metabolites in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Zhizhen Lai
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Hongtao Tian
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yang-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Ming-Shui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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8
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Cesur MF, Basile A, Patil KR, Çakır T. A new metabolic model of Drosophila melanogaster and the integrative analysis of Parkinson's disease. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201695. [PMID: 37236669 PMCID: PMC10215973 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
High conservation of the disease-associated genes between flies and humans facilitates the common use of Drosophila melanogaster to study metabolic disorders under controlled laboratory conditions. However, metabolic modeling studies are highly limited for this organism. We here report a comprehensively curated genome-scale metabolic network model of Drosophila using an orthology-based approach. The gene coverage and metabolic information of the draft model derived from a reference human model were expanded via Drosophila-specific KEGG and MetaCyc databases, with several curation steps to avoid metabolic redundancy and stoichiometric inconsistency. Furthermore, we performed literature-based curations to improve gene-reaction associations, subcellular metabolite locations, and various metabolic pathways. The performance of the resulting Drosophila model (8,230 reactions, 6,990 metabolites, and 2,388 genes), iDrosophila1 (https://github.com/SysBioGTU/iDrosophila), was assessed using flux balance analysis in comparison with the other currently available fly models leading to superior or comparable results. We also evaluated the transcriptome-based prediction capacity of iDrosophila1, where differential metabolic pathways during Parkinson's disease could be successfully elucidated. Overall, iDrosophila1 is promising to investigate system-level metabolic alterations in response to genetic and environmental perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müberra Fatma Cesur
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Arianna Basile
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kiran Raosaheb Patil
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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9
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Yuan W, Weaver YM, Earnest S, Taylor CA, Cobb MH, Weaver BP. Modulating p38 MAPK signaling by proteostasis mechanisms supports tissue integrity during growth and aging. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4543. [PMID: 37507441 PMCID: PMC10382525 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The conserved p38 MAPK family is activated by phosphorylation during stress responses and inactivated by phosphatases. C. elegans PMK-1 p38 MAPK initiates innate immune responses and blocks development when hyperactivated. Here we show that PMK-1 signaling is enhanced during early aging by modulating the stoichiometry of non-phospho-PMK-1 to promote tissue integrity and longevity. Loss of pmk-1 function accelerates progressive declines in neuronal integrity and lysosome function compromising longevity which has both cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous contributions. CED-3 caspase cleavage limits phosphorylated PMK-1. Enhancing p38 signaling with caspase cleavage-resistant PMK-1 protects lysosomal and neuronal integrity extending a youthful phase. PMK-1 works through a complex transcriptional program to regulate lysosome formation. During early aging, the absolute phospho-p38 amount is maintained but the reservoir of non-phospho-p38 diminishes to enhance signaling without hyperactivation. Our findings show that modulating the stoichiometry of non-phospho-p38 dynamically supports tissue-homeostasis during aging without hyper-activation of stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi M Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Svetlana Earnest
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clinton A Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Melanie H Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin P Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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10
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Zhou G, Ye Q, Xu Y, He B, Wu L, Zhu G, Xie J, Yao L, Xiao Z. Mitochondrial calcium uptake 3 mitigates cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related neuronal death and glial inflammation by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109614. [PMID: 36878048 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by the cerebrovascular amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, and always accompanied by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitochondrial dysfunction-associated cellular events including cell death, inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in the progression of CAA. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms revealing CAA pathogenesis are still obscure, thus requiring further studies. Mitochondrial calcium uptake 3 (MICU3), a regulator of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), mediates various biological functions, but its expression and influence on CAA are largely unknown. In the present study, we found that MICU3 expression was gradually declined in cortex and hippocampus of Tg-SwDI transgenic mice. Using stereotaxic operation with AAV9 encoding MICU3, we showed that AAV-MICU3 improved the behavioral performances and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Tg-SwDI mice, along with markedly reduced Aβ deposition through mediating Aβ metabolism process. Importantly, we found that AAV-MICU3 remarkably improved neuronal death and mitigated glial activation and neuroinflammation in cortex and hippocampus of Tg-SwDI mice. Furthermore, excessive oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment and dysfunction, decreased ATP and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were detected in Tg-SwDI mice, while being considerably ameliorated upon MICU3 over-expression. More importantly, our in vitro experiments suggested that MICU3-attenuated neuronal death, activation of glial cells and oxidative stress were completely abrogated upon PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) knockdown, indicating that PINK1 was required for MICU3 to perform its protective effects against CAA. Mechanistic experiment confirmed an interaction between MICU3 and PINK1. Together, these findings demonstrated that MICU3-PINK1 axis may serve as a key target for CAA treatment mainly through improving mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijuan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bing He
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Guanghua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lan Yao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zijian Xiao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China.
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11
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Popovic R, Mukherjee A, Leal NS, Morris L, Yu Y, Loh SHY, Miguel Martins L. Blocking dPerk in the intestine suppresses neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:206. [PMID: 36949073 PMCID: PMC10033872 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by selective death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain and motor function impairment. Gastrointestinal issues often precede motor deficits in PD, indicating that the gut-brain axis is involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. The features of PD include both mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). PINK1 is a mitochondrial kinase involved in the recycling of defective mitochondria, and PINK1 mutations cause early-onset PD. Like PD patients, pink1 mutant Drosophila show degeneration of DA neurons and intestinal dysfunction. These mutant flies also lack vital proteins due to sustained activation of the kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (dPerk), a kinase that induces the UPR. Here, we investigated the role of dPerk in intestinal dysfunction. We showed that intestinal expression of dPerk impairs mitochondrial function, induces cell death, and decreases lifespan. We found that suppressing dPerk in the intestine of pink1-mutant flies rescues intestinal cell death and is neuroprotective. We conclude that in a fly model of PD, blocking gut-brain transmission of UPR-mediated toxicity, is neuroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Popovic
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Lydia Morris
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yizhou Yu
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Travaglio M, Michopoulos F, Yu Y, Popovic R, Foster E, Coen M, Martins LM. Increased cysteine metabolism in PINK1 models of Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:286748. [PMID: 36695500 PMCID: PMC9903142 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease, is characterised by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of PD, and mutations in PINK1, a gene necessary for mitochondrial fitness, cause PD. Drosophila melanogaster flies with pink1 mutations exhibit mitochondrial defects and dopaminergic cell loss and are used as a PD model. To gain an integrated view of the cellular changes caused by defects in the PINK1 pathway of mitochondrial quality control, we combined metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis in pink1-mutant flies with human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural precursor cells (NPCs) with a PINK1 mutation. We observed alterations in cysteine metabolism in both the fly and human PD models. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the NPCs resulted in changes in several metabolites that are linked to cysteine synthesis and increased glutathione levels. We conclude that alterations in cysteine metabolism may compensate for increased oxidative stress in PD, revealing a unifying mechanism of early-stage PD pathology that may be targeted for drug development. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Travaglio
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK,Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Yizhou Yu
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Rebeka Popovic
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Edmund Foster
- Neuroscience Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Muireann Coen
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - L. Miguel Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK,Author for correspondence ()
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13
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Zhou X, Huang K, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Hou Q, Yang X, Hoi MPM. Evaluation of therapeutic effects of tetramethylpyrazine nitrone in Alzheimer's disease mouse model and proteomics analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1082602. [PMID: 36950017 PMCID: PMC10025301 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1082602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is multifactorial with characteristic extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and intraneuronal aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain. Development of disease-modifying treatment for AD has been challenging. Recent studies suggest that deleterious alterations in neurovascular cells happens in parallel with Aβ accumulation, inducing tau pathology and necroptosis. Therefore, therapies targeting cellular Aβ and tau pathologies may provide a more effective strategy of disease intervention. Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN) is a nitrone derivative of tetramethylpyrazine, an active ingredient from Ligusticum wallichii Franchat (Chuanxiong). We previously showed that TBN is a potent scavenger of free radicals with multi-targeted neuroprotective effects in rat and monkey models of ischemic stroke. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-AD properties of TBN. We employed AD-related cellular model (N2a/APPswe) and transgenic mouse model (3×Tg-AD mouse) for mechanistic and behavioral studies. Our results showed that TBN markedly improved cognitive functions and reduced Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau levels in mouse model. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms revealed that TBN promoted non-amyloidogenic processing pathway of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in N2a/APPswe in vitro. Moreover, TBN preserved synapses from dendritic spine loss and upregulated synaptic protein expressions in 3×Tg-AD mice. Proteomic analysis of 3×Tg-AD mouse hippocampal and cortical tissues showed that TBN induced neuroprotective effects through modulating mitophagy, MAPK and mTOR pathways. In particular, TBN significantly upregulated PINK1, a key protein for mitochondrial homeostasis, implicating PINK1 as a potential therapeutic target for AD. In summary, TBN improved cognitive functions in AD-related mouse model, inhibited Aβ production and tau hyperphosphorylation, and rescued synaptic loss and neuronal damage. Multiple mechanisms underlie the anti-AD effects of TBN including the modulation of APP processing, mTOR signaling and PINK1-related mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Institute of New Drug Research, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinse Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Institute of GCP, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaipeng Huang
- Institute of GCP, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Institute of New Drug Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, College of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Research, Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, College of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Research, Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Daqing People’s Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Qinghua Hou
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, the 7th Affiliated Hospital, Sun-Yat-sen University. Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Maggie Pui Man Hoi, ; Xifei Yang, ; Qinghua Hou,
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Maggie Pui Man Hoi, ; Xifei Yang, ; Qinghua Hou,
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinse Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- DPS, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- *Correspondence: Maggie Pui Man Hoi, ; Xifei Yang, ; Qinghua Hou,
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14
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Li RL, Wang LY, Duan HX, Zhang Q, Guo X, Wu C, Peng W. Regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction induced cell apoptosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for herbal medicine to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937289. [PMID: 36210852 PMCID: PMC9535092 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is a progressive neurodegeneration caused by genetic and environmental factors. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD) are the three most common neurodegenerative diseases clinically. Unfortunately, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing year by year. However, the current available drugs have poor efficacy and large side effects, which brings a great burden to the patients and the society. Increasing evidence suggests that occurrence and development of the neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to the mitochondrial dysfunction, which can affect mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, as well as mitochondrial mitophagy. Through the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis, nerve cells undergo varying degrees of apoptosis. Interestingly, it has been shown in recent years that the natural agents derived from herbal medicines are beneficial for prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases via regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the potential therapeutic agents from herbal medicines for treating neurodegenerative diseases via suppressing apoptosis through regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction, in order to provide a foundation for the development of more candidate drugs for neurodegenerative diseases from herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Xinyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
| | - Chunjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
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15
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Jiao L, Su LY, Liu Q, Luo R, Qiao X, Xie T, Yang LX, Chen C, Yao YG. GSNOR deficiency attenuates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity and autophagy by facilitating CDK5 S-nitrosation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 189:111-121. [PMID: 35918012 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a key denitrosating enzyme that regulates protein S-nitrosation, a process which has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the physiological function of GSNOR in PD remains unknown. In a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model, we found that GSNOR expression was significantly increased and accompanied by autophagy mediated by MPTP-induced cyclin dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), behavioral dyskinesias and dopaminergic neuron loss. Whereas, knockout of GSNOR, or treatment with the GSNOR inhibitor N6022, alleviated MPTP-induced PD-like pathology and neurotoxicity. Mechanistically, deficiency of GSNOR inhibited MPTP-induced CDK5 kinase activity and CDK5-mediated autophagy by increasing S-nitrosation of CDK5 at Cys83. Our study indicated that GSNOR is a key regulator of CDK5 S-nitrosation and is actively involved in CDK5-mediated autophagy induced by MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Ling-Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Qianjin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Rongcan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lu-Xiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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16
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Law AS, Hafen PS, Brault JJ. Liquid chromatography method for simultaneous quantification of ATP and its degradation products compatible with both UV-Vis and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1206:123351. [PMID: 35797802 PMCID: PMC9479163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
ATP and its degradation products are essential metabolic and signaling molecules. Traditionally, they have been quantified via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-Vis detection while utilizing phosphate buffer mobile phase, but this approach is incompatible with modern mass detection. The goal of this study was to develop an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method free of phosphate buffer, to allow for analysis of adenine nucleotides with UV-Vis and mass spectrometry (MS) simultaneously. The final conditions used an Acquity HSS T3 premier column with a volatile ammonium acetate buffer to successfully separate and quantify ATP-related analytes in a standard mixture and in extracts from non-contracted and contracted mouse hindlimb muscles. Baseline resolution was achieved with all 10 metabolites, and a lower limit of quantification down to 1 pmol per inject was observed for most metabolites using UV-Vis. Therefore, this method allows for the reliable quantification of adenine nucleotides and their degradation products via UV-Vis and their confirmation and/or identification of unknown peaks via MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Law
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paul S Hafen
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Brault
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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17
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Chen C, Lou MM, Sun YM, Luo F, Liu FT, Luo SS, Wang WY, Wang J. Serum metabolomic characterization of PLA2G6-associated dystonia-parkinsonism: A case-control biomarker study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:879548. [PMID: 36033628 PMCID: PMC9406281 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.879548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phospholipase A2 Group VI (PLA2G6), encoding calcium-independent phospholipase A2, has been isolated as the gene responsible for an autosomal recessive form of early-onset Parkinson's disease (namely, PARK14). Compared to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD), PARK14 has several atypical clinical features. PARK14 has an earlier age at onset and is more likely to develop levodopa-induced dyskinesia. In iPD, serum metabolomics has observed alterations in several metabolic pathways that are related to disease status and clinical manifestations. This study aims to describe the serum metabolomics features of patients with PARK14. Design This case-control biomarker study tested nine patients diagnosed with PARK14. Eight age and sex-matched healthy subjects were recruited as controls. To evaluate the influence of single heterozygous mutation, we enrolled eight healthy one-degree family members of patients with PARK14, two patients diagnosed with early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) who had only a single heterozygous PLA2G6 mutation, and one patient with EOPD without any known pathogenic mutation. Methods The diagnosis of PARK14 was made according to the diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease (PD) and confirmed by genetic testing. To study the serum metabolic features, we analyzed participants' serum using UHPLC-QTOF/MS analysis, a well-established technology. Results We quantified 50 compounds of metabolites from the serum of all the study subjects. Metabolites alterations in serum had good predictive accuracy for PARK14 diagnosis (AUC 0.903) and advanced stage in PARK14 (AUC 0.944). Of the 24 metabolites that changed significantly in patients' serum, eight related to lipid metabolism. Oleic acid and xanthine were associated with MMSE scores. Xanthine, L-histidine, and phenol correlated with UPDRS-III scores. Oleic acid and 1-oleoyl-L-alpha-lysophosphatidic acid could also predict the subclass of the more advanced stage in the PLA2G6 Group in ROC models. Conclusion The significantly altered metabolites can be used to differentiate PLA2G6 pathogenic mutations and predict disease severity. Patients with PLA2G6 mutations had elevated lipid compounds in C18:1 and C16:0 groups. The alteration of lipid metabolism might be the key intermediate process in PLA2G6-related disease that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Min Lou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences – University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences – University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Shan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences – University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wen-Yuan Wang,
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Jian Wang,
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18
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Plasma Metabolomics and Machine Learning-Driven Novel Diagnostic Signature for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071669. [PMID: 35884973 PMCID: PMC9312563 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed targeted metabolomics with machine learning (ML)-based interpretation to identify metabolites that distinguish the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a cohort. Plasma metabolomics analysis was conducted in healthy control subjects (n = 25) and patients with NAFL (n = 42) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, n = 19) by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-MS/MS as well as RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses on liver tissues from patients with varying stages of NAFLD (n = 12). The resulting metabolomic data were subjected to routine statistical and ML-based analyses and multi-omics interpretation with RNA-seq data. We found 6 metabolites that were significantly altered in NAFLD among 79 detected metabolites. Random-forest and multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that eight metabolites (glutamic acid, cis-aconitic acid, aspartic acid, isocitric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, oxaloacetic acid, myristoleic acid, and tyrosine) could distinguish the three groups. Then, the recursive partitioning and regression tree algorithm selected three metabolites (glutamic acid, isocitric acid, and aspartic acid) from these eight metabolites. With these three metabolites, we formulated an equation, the MetaNASH score that distinguished NASH with excellent performance. In addition, metabolic map construction and correlation assays integrating metabolomics data into the transcriptome datasets of the liver showed correlations between the concentration of plasma metabolites and the expression of enzymes governing metabolism and specific alterations of these correlations in NASH. Therefore, these findings will be useful for evaluation of altered metabolism in NASH and understanding of pathophysiologic implications from metabolite profiles in relation to NAFLD progression.
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19
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Molina-Granada D, González-Vioque E, Dibley MG, Cabrera-Pérez R, Vallbona-Garcia A, Torres-Torronteras J, Sazanov LA, Ryan MT, Cámara Y, Martí R. Most mitochondrial dGTP is tightly bound to respiratory complex I through the NDUFA10 subunit. Commun Biol 2022; 5:620. [PMID: 35739187 PMCID: PMC9226000 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced mitochondrial dNTP pools are known players in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. Here we show that, even under physiological conditions, dGTP is largely overrepresented among other dNTPs in mitochondria of mouse tissues and human cultured cells. In addition, a vast majority of mitochondrial dGTP is tightly bound to NDUFA10, an accessory subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. NDUFA10 shares a deoxyribonucleoside kinase (dNK) domain with deoxyribonucleoside kinases in the nucleotide salvage pathway, though no specific function beyond stabilizing the complex I holoenzyme has been described for this subunit. We mutated the dNK domain of NDUFA10 in human HEK-293T cells while preserving complex I assembly and activity. The NDUFA10E160A/R161A shows reduced dGTP binding capacity in vitro and leads to a 50% reduction in mitochondrial dGTP content, proving that most dGTP is directly bound to the dNK domain of NDUFA10. This interaction may represent a hitherto unknown mechanism regulating mitochondrial dNTP availability and linking oxidative metabolism to DNA maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Molina-Granada
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emiliano González-Vioque
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marris G Dibley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raquel Cabrera-Pérez
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Vallbona-Garcia
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Torres-Torronteras
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yolanda Cámara
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramon Martí
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Huang Y, Wan Z, Tang Y, Xu J, Laboret B, Nallamothu S, Yang C, Liu B, Lu RO, Lu B, Feng J, Cao J, Hayflick S, Wu Z, Zhou B. Pantothenate kinase 2 interacts with PINK1 to regulate mitochondrial quality control via acetyl-CoA metabolism. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2412. [PMID: 35504872 PMCID: PMC9065001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neurodegenerative disorders often exhibit similar pathologies, suggesting a shared aetiology. Key pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD) are also observed in other neurodegenerative diseases. Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration (PKAN) is caused by mutations in the human PANK2 gene, which catalyzes the initial step of de novo CoA synthesis. Here, we show that fumble (fbl), the human PANK2 homolog in Drosophila, interacts with PINK1 genetically. fbl and PINK1 mutants display similar mitochondrial abnormalities, and overexpression of mitochondrial Fbl rescues PINK1 loss-of-function (LOF) defects. Dietary vitamin B5 derivatives effectively rescue CoA/acetyl-CoA levels and mitochondrial function, reversing the PINK1 deficiency phenotype. Mechanistically, Fbl regulates Ref(2)P (p62/SQSTM1 homolog) by acetylation to promote mitophagy, whereas PINK1 regulates fbl translation by anchoring mRNA molecules to the outer mitochondrial membrane. In conclusion, Fbl (or PANK2) acts downstream of PINK1, regulating CoA/acetyl-CoA metabolism to promote mitophagy, uncovering a potential therapeutic intervention strategy in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhihui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yinglu Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Junxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bretton Laboret
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Sree Nallamothu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Statistical Science, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Boxiang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rongze Olivia Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center, University of California San Francisco, California, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Juan Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Statistical Science, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Susan Hayflick
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Zhihao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA.
| | - Bing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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21
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Yan J, Zhang P, Tan J, Li M, Xu X, Shao X, Fang F, Zou Z, Zhou Y, Tian B. Cdk5 phosphorylation-induced SIRT2 nuclear translocation promotes the death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:46. [PMID: 35443760 PMCID: PMC9021196 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), which regulates several cellular pathways by deacetylating multiple substrates, has been extensively studied in the context of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although several studies based on the MPTP model of PD show that SIRT2 deletion can protect against dopaminergic neuron loss, the precise mechanisms of SIRT2-mediated neuronal death have largely remained unknown. Here, we show that SIRT2 knockout can effectively ameliorate anomalous behavioral phenotypes in transgenic mouse models of PD. Importantly, in both cellular and animal models of PD, it was observed that SIRT2 translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Further, the nuclear translocation of SIRT2 promotes neuronal death. Moreover, the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-mediated phosphorylation of SIRT2 at the Ser331 and Ser335 sites appears to be necessary for such nuclear translocation. Taken together, the results provide insights into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of neuronal death during PD progression via the Cdk5-dependent nuclear–cytoplasmic shuttling of SIRT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Yan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jie Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Xingfeng Xu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Shao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Fang Fang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyou Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China. .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Guilin Medical University, 1 Zhiyuan Road, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541199, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, P. R. China.
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22
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Fedele G, Loh SHY, Celardo I, Leal NS, Lehmann S, Costa AC, Martins LM. Suppression of intestinal dysfunction in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease is neuroprotective. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:317-331. [PMID: 37117744 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune response mounts a defense against foreign invaders and declines with age. An inappropriate induction of this response can cause diseases. Previous studies showed that mitochondria can be repurposed to promote inflammatory signaling. Damaged mitochondria can also trigger inflammation and promote diseases. Mutations in pink1, a gene required for mitochondrial health, cause Parkinson's disease, and Drosophila melanogaster pink1 mutants accumulate damaged mitochondria. Here, we show that defective mitochondria in pink1 mutants activate Relish targets and demonstrate that inflammatory signaling causes age-dependent intestinal dysfunction in pink1-mutant flies. These effects result in the death of intestinal cells, metabolic reprogramming and neurotoxicity. We found that Relish signaling is activated downstream of a pathway stimulated by cytosolic DNA. Suppression of Relish in the intestinal midgut of pink1-mutant flies restores mitochondrial function and is neuroprotective. We thus conclude that gut-brain communication modulates neurotoxicity in a fly model of Parkinson's disease through a mechanism involving mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Fedele
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ivana Celardo
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Susann Lehmann
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana C Costa
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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23
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Saeedi M, Mehranfar F. Challenges and approaches of drugs such as Memantine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine and Aducanumab in the treatment, control and management of Alzheimer's disease. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2022; 16:102-121. [PMID: 35236274 DOI: 10.2174/1872208316666220302115901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a kinds of neuropsychiatric illnesses that affect the central nervous system. In this disease, the accumulation of amyloid-beta increases, and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) protein, one of the ways to treat this disease is to reduce the accumulation of amyloid-beta. Various studies have demonstrated that pharmacological approaches have considerable effects in the treatment of AD, despite the side effects and challenges. Cholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine are presently authorized therapies for AD. Memantine and Donepezil are the most common drugs for the prevention and therapy of AD with mechanisms such as lessened β-amyloid plaque, effect on N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Diminution glutamate and elevated acetylcholine are some of the influences of medications administrated to treat AD, and drugs can also play a role in slowing the progression of cognitive and memory impairment. A new pharmacological approach and strategy is required to control the future of AD. This review appraises the effects of memantine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and aducanumab in clinical trials, in vitro and animal model studies that have explored how these drugs versus AD development and also discuss possible mechanisms of influence on the brain. Research in clinical trials has substantial findings that support the role of these medications in AD treatment and ameliorate the safety and efficacy of AD therapy, although more clinical trials are required to prove their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saeedi
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehranfar
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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24
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Solana-Manrique C, Sanz FJ, Torregrosa I, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Hernández-Oliver C, Pineda-Lucena A, Paricio N. Metabolic Alterations in a Drosophila Model of Parkinson's Disease Based on DJ-1 Deficiency. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030331. [PMID: 35159141 PMCID: PMC8834223 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disorder, whose physiopathology is still unclear. Moreover, there is an urgent need to discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets to facilitate its diagnosis and treatment. Previous studies performed in PD models and samples from PD patients already demonstrated that metabolic alterations are associated with this disease. In this context, the aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of metabolic disturbances underlying PD pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, we used a Drosophila PD model based on inactivation of the DJ-1β gene (ortholog of human DJ-1). Metabolomic analyses were performed in 1-day-old and 15-day-old DJ-1β mutants and control flies using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with expression and enzymatic activity assays of proteins implicated in altered pathways. Our results showed that the PD model flies exhibited protein metabolism alterations, a shift fromthe tricarboxylic acid cycle to glycolytic pathway to obtain ATP, together with an increase in the expression of some urea cycle enzymes. Thus, these metabolic changes could contribute to PD pathogenesis and might constitute possible therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Solana-Manrique
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Francisco José Sanz
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Isabel Torregrosa
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | | | - Carolina Hernández-Oliver
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.H.-O.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.H.-O.); (A.P.-L.)
- Programa de Terapias Moleculares, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nuria Paricio
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-354-3005; Fax: +34-96-354-3029
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25
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Disruption of Mitochondrial Homeostasis: The Role of PINK1 in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113022. [PMID: 34831247 PMCID: PMC8616241 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive reduction of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is the fundamental process underlying Parkinson’s disease (PD), while the mechanism of susceptibility of this specific neuronal population is largely unclear. Disturbances in mitochondrial function have been recognized as one of the main pathways in sporadic PD since the finding of respiratory chain impairment in animal models of PD. Studies on genetic forms of PD have provided new insight on the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics, homeostasis, and autophagy. PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) gene mutations, although rare, are the second most common cause of recessively inherited early-onset PD, after Parkin gene mutations. Our knowledge of PINK1 and Parkin function has increased dramatically in the last years, with the discovery that a process called mitophagy, which plays a key role in the maintenance of mitochondrial health, is mediated by the PINK1/Parkin pathway. In vitro and in vivo models have been developed, supporting the role of PINK1 in synaptic transmission, particularly affecting dopaminergic neurons. It is of paramount importance to further define the role of PINK1 in mitophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis in PD pathogenesis in order to delineate novel therapeutic targets.
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26
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Emerging roles of dysregulated adenosine homeostasis in brain disorders with a specific focus on neurodegenerative diseases. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:70. [PMID: 34635103 PMCID: PMC8507231 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern societies, with an increase in the older population, age-related neurodegenerative diseases have progressively become greater socioeconomic burdens. To date, despite the tremendous effort devoted to understanding neurodegenerative diseases in recent decades, treatment to delay disease progression is largely ineffective and is in urgent demand. The development of new strategies targeting these pathological features is a timely topic. It is important to note that most degenerative diseases are associated with the accumulation of specific misfolded proteins, which is facilitated by several common features of neurodegenerative diseases (including poor energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction). Adenosine is a purine nucleoside and neuromodulator in the brain. It is also an essential component of energy production pathways, cellular metabolism, and gene regulation in brain cells. The levels of intracellular and extracellular adenosine are thus tightly controlled by a handful of proteins (including adenosine metabolic enzymes and transporters) to maintain proper adenosine homeostasis. Notably, disruption of adenosine homeostasis in the brain under various pathophysiological conditions has been documented. In the past two decades, adenosine receptors (particularly A1 and A2A adenosine receptors) have been actively investigated as important drug targets in major degenerative diseases. Unfortunately, except for an A2A antagonist (istradefylline) administered as an adjuvant treatment with levodopa for Parkinson's disease, no effective drug based on adenosine receptors has been developed for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize the emerging findings on proteins involved in the control of adenosine homeostasis in the brain and discuss the challenges and future prospects for the development of new therapeutic treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and their associated disorders based on the understanding of adenosine homeostasis.
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27
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Murali Mahadevan H, Hashemiaghdam A, Ashrafi G, Harbauer AB. Mitochondria in Neuronal Health: From Energy Metabolism to Parkinson's Disease. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2100663. [PMID: 34382382 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main suppliers of neuronal adenosine triphosphate and play a critical role in brain energy metabolism. Mitochondria also serve as Ca2+ sinks and anabolic factories and are therefore essential for neuronal function and survival. Dysregulation of neuronal bioenergetics is increasingly implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease. This review describes the role of mitochondria in energy metabolism under resting conditions and during synaptic transmission, and presents evidence for the contribution of neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction to Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arsalan Hashemiaghdam
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Ashrafi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Angelika Bettina Harbauer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Neurobiology, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, 80333, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
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28
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Assessment of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and NADH Redox State in Acute Brain Slices. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2276:193-202. [PMID: 34060042 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1266-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain is one of the most energy-demanding organs. Energy in the form of ATP is produced in brain cells predominantly in oxidative phosphorylation coupled to mitochondrial respiration. Any alteration of the mitochondrial metabolism or prolonged ischemic or anoxic conditions can lead to serious neurological conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders. Assessment of mitochondrial metabolism is important for understanding physiological and pathological processes in the brain. Bioenergetics in central nervous system is dependent on multiple parameters including neuron-glia interactions and considering this, in vivo or ex vivo, the measurements of mitochondrial metabolism should also be complimenting the experiments on isolated mitochondria or cell cultures. To assess the mitochondrial function, there are several key bioenergetic parameters which indicate mitochondrial health. One of the major characteristics of mitochondria is the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) which is used as a proton motive force for ATP production and generated by activity of the electron transport chain. Major donor of electrons for the mitochondrial respiratory chain is NADH. Here we demonstrate how to measure mitochondrial NADH/NAD(P)H autofluorescence and ΔΨm in acute brain slices in a time-dependent manner and provide information for the identification of NADH redox index, mitochondrial NADH pool, and the rate of NADH production in the Krebs cycle. Additionally, non-mitochondrial NADH/NADPH autofluorescence can signify the level of activity of the pentose phosphate pathway.
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29
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Parp mutations protect from mitochondrial toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:651. [PMID: 34172715 PMCID: PMC8233423 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Familial forms of Alzheimer's disease associated with the accumulation of a toxic form of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are linked to mitochondrial impairment. The coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is essential for both mitochondrial bioenergetics and nuclear DNA repair through NAD+-consuming poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Here we analysed the metabolomic changes in flies overexpressing Aβ and showed a decrease of metabolites associated with nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, which is critical for mitochondrial function in neurons. We show that increasing the bioavailability of NAD+ protects against Aβ toxicity. Pharmacological supplementation using NAM, a form of vitamin B that acts as a precursor for NAD+ or a genetic mutation of PARP rescues mitochondrial defects, protects neurons against degeneration and reduces behavioural impairments in a fly model of Alzheimer's disease. Next, we looked at links between PARP polymorphisms and vitamin B intake in patients with Alzheimer's disease. We show that polymorphisms in the human PARP1 gene or the intake of vitamin B are associated with a decrease in the risk and severity of Alzheimer's disease. We suggest that enhancing the availability of NAD+ by either vitamin B supplements or the inhibition of NAD+-dependent enzymes such as PARPs are potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
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30
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Ebanks B, Ingram TL, Katyal G, Ingram JR, Moisoi N, Chakrabarti L. The dysregulated Pink1- Drosophila mitochondrial proteome is partially corrected with exercise. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14709-14728. [PMID: 34074800 PMCID: PMC8221352 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the genes which has been linked to the onset of juvenile/early onset Parkinson’s disease (PD) is PINK1. There is evidence that supports the therapeutic potential of exercise in the alleviation of PD symptoms. It is possible that exercise may enhance synaptic plasticity, protect against neuro-inflammation and modulate L-Dopa regulated signalling pathways. We explored the effects of exercise on Pink1 deficient Drosophila melanogaster which undergo neurodegeneration and muscle degeneration. We used a ‘power-tower’ type exercise platform to deliver exercise activity to Pink1- and age matched wild-type Drosophila. Mitochondrial proteomic profiles responding to exercise were obtained. Of the 516 proteins identified, 105 proteins had different levels between Pink1- and wild-type non-exercised Drosophila. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and STRING network analysis highlighted proteins and pathways with altered expression within the mitochondrial proteome. Comparison of the Pink1- exercised proteome to wild-type proteomes showed that exercising the Pink1- Drosophila caused their proteomic profile to return towards wild-type levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Ebanks
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Thomas L Ingram
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Gunjan Katyal
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - John R Ingram
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nicoleta Moisoi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Lisa Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, UK
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31
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Crtc modulates fasting programs associated with 1-C metabolism and inhibition of insulin signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2024865118. [PMID: 33723074 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024865118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fasting in mammals promotes increases in circulating glucagon and decreases in circulating insulin that stimulate catabolic programs and facilitate a transition from glucose to lipid burning. The second messenger cAMP mediates effects of glucagon on fasting metabolism, in part by promoting the phosphorylation of CREB and the dephosphorylation of the cAMP-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTCs) in hepatocytes. In Drosophila, fasting also triggers activation of the single Crtc homolog in neurons, via the PKA-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of salt-inducible kinases. Crtc mutant flies are more sensitive to starvation and oxidative stress, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we use RNA sequencing to identify Crtc target genes that are up-regulated in response to starvation. We found that Crtc stimulates a subset of fasting-inducible genes that have conserved CREB binding sites. In keeping with its role in the starvation response, Crtc was found to induce the expression of genes that inhibit insulin secretion (Lst) and insulin signaling (Impl2). In parallel, Crtc also promoted the expression of genes involved in one-carbon (1-C) metabolism. Within the 1-C pathway, Crtc stimulated the expression of enzymes that encode modulators of S-adenosyl-methionine metabolism (Gnmt and Sardh) and purine synthesis (ade2 and AdSl) Collectively, our results point to an important role for the CREB/CRTC pathway in promoting energy balance in the context of nutrient stress.
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32
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Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang X, Song D, Tian T. Advances of Mechanisms-Related Metabolomics in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:614251. [PMID: 33613180 PMCID: PMC7887307 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.614251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by progressively debilitating dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra and the striatum, along with various metabolic dysfunctions and molecular abnormalities. Metabolomics is an emerging study and has been demonstrated to play important roles in describing complex human diseases by integrating endogenous and exogenous sources of alterations. Recently, an increasing amount of research has shown that metabolomics profiling holds great promise in providing unique insights into molecular pathogenesis and could be helpful in identifying candidate biomarkers for clinical detection and therapies of PD. In this review, we briefly summarize recent findings and analyze the application of molecular metabolomics in familial and sporadic PD from genetic mutations, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysbacteriosis. We also review metabolic biomarkers to assess the functional stage and improve therapeutic strategies to postpone or hinder the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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33
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Wang XL, Feng ST, Wang ZZ, Chen NH, Zhang Y. Role of mitophagy in mitochondrial quality control: Mechanisms and potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105433. [PMID: 33454337 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) commonly characterized by the gradual loss of neurons have a seriously bad impact on motor and cognitive abilities of affected humans and bring great inconvenience to their lives. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered the key and common factor for the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases for that neurons are extremely energy-intensive due to their unique properties in structures and functions. Thus, mitophagy, as a central role of mitochondrial quality control and currently believed to be the most effective pathway to clear dysfunctional or unwanted mitochondria, is rather crucial in the preservation of neuronal health. In addition, mitophagy establishes an intimated link with several other pathways of mitochondrial quality control (e.g., mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics), and they work together to preserve mitochondrial health. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the recent process on the mechanisms of mitophagy pathways in mammals, it's linking to mitochondrial quality control, its role in several major neurodegenerative diseases, and possible therapeutic interventions focusing on mitophagy pathways. And we expect that it can provide us with more understanding of the mitophagy pathways and more promising approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Le Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Si-Tong Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Sarkar S, Murphy MA, Dammer EB, Olsen AL, Rangaraju S, Fraenkel E, Feany MB. Comparative proteomic analysis highlights metabolic dysfunction in α-synucleinopathy. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:40. [PMID: 33311497 PMCID: PMC7732845 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-020-00143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic protein α-synuclein is linked through genetics and neuropathology to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders. However, the mechanisms by which α-synuclein influences disease onset and progression are incompletely understood. To identify pathogenic pathways and therapeutic targets we performed proteomic analysis in a highly penetrant new Drosophila model of α-synucleinopathy. We identified 476 significantly upregulated and 563 significantly downregulated proteins in heads from α-synucleinopathy model flies compared to controls. We then used multiple complementary analyses to identify and prioritize genes and pathways within the large set of differentially expressed proteins for functional studies. We performed Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, integrated our proteomic changes with human Parkinson’s disease genetic studies, and compared the α-synucleinopathy proteome with that of tauopathy model flies, which are relevant to Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. These approaches identified GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) and folate metabolism as candidate mediators of α-synuclein neurotoxicity. In functional validation studies, we found that the knockdown of Drosophila Gch1 enhanced locomotor deficits in α-synuclein transgenic flies, while folate supplementation protected from α-synuclein toxicity. Our integrative analysis suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction was a common downstream mediator of neurodegeneration. Accordingly, Gch1 knockdown enhanced metabolic dysfunction in α-synuclein transgenic fly brains while folate supplementation partially normalized brain bioenergetics. Here we outline and implement an integrative approach to identify and validate potential therapeutic pathways using comparative proteomics and genetics and capitalizing on the facile genetic and pharmacological tools available in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Murphy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abby L Olsen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mel B Feany
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Zhang H, Li Y, Nie J, Ren J, Zeng AP. Structure-based dynamic analysis of the glycine cleavage system suggests key residues for control of a key reaction step. Commun Biol 2020; 3:756. [PMID: 33311647 PMCID: PMC7733448 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular shuttles play decisive roles in many multi-enzyme systems such as the glycine cleavage system (GCS) for one-carbon (C1) metabolism. In GCS, a lipoate swinging arm containing an aminomethyl moiety is attached to protein H and serves as a molecular shuttle among different proteins. Protection of the aminomethyl moiety in a cavity of protein H and its release induced by protein T are key processes but barely understood. Here, we present a detailed structure-based dynamic analysis of the induced release of the lipoate arm of protein H. Based on molecular dynamics simulations of interactions between proteins H and T, four major steps of the release process showing significantly different energy barriers and time scales can be distinguished. Mutations of a key residue, Ser-67 in protein H, led to a bidirectional tuning of the release process. This work opens ways to target C1 metabolism in biomedicine and the utilization of formate and CO2 for biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglei Nie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agri-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China.
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China. .,Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestrasse 15, D-21073, Hamburg, Germany.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 702:108698. [PMID: 33259796 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to ATP synthesis, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that modulate apoptosis, ferroptosis, and inflammasome activation. Through executing these varied functions, the mitochondria play critical roles in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Friedreich ataxia, among others. Impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases. Additionally, dysfunctional mitochondria play critical roles in signaling for both inflammasome activation and ferroptosis. Therapeutics are being developed to circumvent inflammasome activation and ferroptosis in dysfunctional mitochondria. Targeting these aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction may present viable therapeutic strategies for combatting the neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to summarize the role of the mitochondria in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and to present current therapeutic approaches that target mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases.
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van der Rijt S, Molenaars M, McIntyre RL, Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Integrating the Hallmarks of Aging Throughout the Tree of Life: A Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:594416. [PMID: 33324647 PMCID: PMC7726203 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.594416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the identification and definition of the hallmarks of aging, these aspects of molecular and cellular decline have been most often described as isolated or distinct mechanisms. However, there is significant evidence demonstrating interplay between most of these hallmarks and that they have the capacity to influence and regulate one another. These interactions are demonstrable across the tree of life, yet not all aspects are conserved. Here, we describe an integrative view on the hallmarks of aging by using the hallmark "mitochondrial dysfunction" as a focus point, and illustrate its capacity to both influence and be influenced by the other hallmarks of aging. We discuss the effects of mitochondrial pathways involved in aging, such as oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitophagy, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial DNA damage in relation to each of the primary, antagonistic and integrative hallmarks. We discuss the similarities and differences in these interactions throughout the tree of life, and speculate how speciation may play a role in the variation in these mechanisms. We propose that the hallmarks are critically intertwined, and that mapping the full extent of these interactions would be of significant benefit to the aging research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne van der Rijt
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Chemical reversal of abnormalities in cells carrying mitochondrial DNA mutations. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 17:335-343. [PMID: 33168978 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-00676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are the major cause of mitochondrial diseases. Cells harboring disease-related mtDNA mutations exhibit various phenotypic abnormalities, such as reduced respiration and elevated lactic acid production. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines derived from patients with mitochondrial disease, with high proportions of mutated mtDNA, exhibit defects in maturation into neurons or cardiomyocytes. In this study, we have discovered a small-molecule compound, which we name tryptolinamide (TLAM), that activates mitochondrial respiration in cybrids generated from patient-derived mitochondria and fibroblasts from patient-derived iPSCs. We found that TLAM inhibits phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), which in turn activates AMPK-mediated fatty-acid oxidation to promote oxidative phosphorylation, and redirects carbon flow from glycolysis toward the pentose phosphate pathway to reinforce anti-oxidative potential. Finally, we found that TLAM rescued the defect in neuronal differentiation of iPSCs carrying a high ratio of mutant mtDNA, suggesting that PFK1 represents a potential therapeutic target for mitochondrial diseases.
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Muñoz-Carvajal F, Sanhueza M. The Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response: A Hinge Between Healthy and Pathological Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:581849. [PMID: 33061907 PMCID: PMC7518384 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.581849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the time-dependent functional decline that increases the vulnerability to different forms of stress, constituting the major risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Dysfunctional mitochondria significantly contribute to aging phenotypes, accumulating particularly in post-mitotic cells, including neurons. To cope with deleterious effects, mitochondria feature different mechanisms for quality control. One such mechanism is the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRMT), which corresponds to the transcriptional activation of mitochondrial chaperones, proteases, and antioxidant enzymes to repair defective mitochondria. Transcription of target UPRMT genes is epigenetically regulated by Histone 3-specific methylation. Age-dependency of this regulation could explain a differential UPRMT activity in early developmental stages or aged organisms. At the same time, precise tuning of mitochondrial stress responses is crucial for maintaining neuronal homeostasis. However, compared to other mitochondrial and stress response programs, the role of UPRMT in neurodegenerative disease is barely understood and studies in this topic are just emerging. In this review, we document the reported evidence characterizing the evolutionarily conserved regulation of the UPRMT and summarize the recent advances in understanding the role of the pathway in neurodegenerative diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Muñoz-Carvajal
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Fondap Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Sanhueza
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Cui Y, Wen X, Nan Y, Xiang G, Wei Z, Wei L, Xia Y, Li Q. Overexpressed PERK suppresses the neurodegenerative phenotypes in PINK1 B9 flies by enhancing mitochondrial function. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104825. [PMID: 32898622 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) mutation induces autosomal recessive Parkinson's Disease (PD), mitochondrial dysfunction is the central pathogenic process. However, more and more studies presented the bulk of the damage to neurons with mitochondrial dysfunction stems from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In mitochondria damaged PINK1B9 fly model how protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) arm of ER stress functions remains a mystery. Thus, we generated both PERK overexpressed (PEK OE) and down expressed (PEK RNAi) PINK1B9 flies and monitored their motor activity. We found PEK OE decreased the abnormal wing posture rate and rescued PINK1B9 flies' motor activity. Furthermore, we observed the increased number of dopaminergic neurons of protocerebral posterior lateral 1 (PPL1) and the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels in PINK1B9 flies. When testing the mitochondrial morphology in flight muscle with TEM, we found that the shape of the mitochondria became normal. The ATP levels of flight muscle tissues were significantly elevated in PEK OE PINK1B9 flies with the increased function of mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Complex I (CI) but not Complex Ⅱ (CⅡ) which is further confirmed by oxygen consumption experiments, Western Blot, and RT-PCR to examine the corresponding subunits. We suggest that overexpression of PERK can rescue PINK1B9 PD flies' pathogenic phenotypes and it is linked with the improved mitochondrial function especially CI of ETC but not CⅡ. Our findings may pave a way for the target of the drug for alleviating the suffering of PINK1 mutant autosomal recessive PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xueyi Wen
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yuyu Nan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Guoliang Xiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zaiwa Wei
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qinghua Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China.
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41
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Silzer TK, Pathak GA, Phillips NR. Mitochondrial tRNA methylation in Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:71. [PMID: 32429992 PMCID: PMC7236490 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylation of mitochondrial tRNAs (mt-tRNA) at the 9th position ("p9 site") is known to impact translational efficiency and downstream mitochondrial function; however, direct assessment of mt-RNA methylation is challenging. Recent RNA sequence-based methods have been developed to reliably identify post-transcriptional methylation. Though p9 methylation has been studied in healthy human populations and in the context of cancer, it has not yet been analyzed in neurodegenerative disease, where mitochondrial dysfunction is a prominent and early hallmark of disease progression. METHODS Mitochondrial p9 methylation was inferred from multi-allelic calls in RNA-seq data. Gene-based association studies were performed in FUMA. Correlations between nuclear gene expression and p9 methylation were tested using Spearman's rho. Fisher's Exact test was used in PANTHER and IPA to test for overrepresentation and enrichment of biological processes and pathways in the top nuclear genes correlated with p9 methylation. RESULTS Variable methylation was observed at 11 p9 sites in post-mortem cerebellar tissue of elderly subjects who were either healthy or diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or pathological aging (PA). Similarities in degree of methylation were observed between AD and PSP. Certain nuclear encoded genes were identified as significantly associated with p9 methylation. Expression of 5300 nuclear encoded genes was significantly correlated with p9 methylation, with AD and PSP subjects exhibiting similar expression profiles. Overrepresentation and enrichment testing using the top transcripts revealed enrichment for a number of molecular processes, terms and pathways including many of which that were mitochondrial-related. CONCLUSION With mitochondrial dysfunction being an established hallmark of neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology, this work sheds light on the potential molecular underpinnings of this dysfunction. Here we show overlap in cerebellar pathophysiology between common tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether p9 hypermethylation is a cause or consequence of pathology remains an area of focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talisa K Silzer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics; Graduate School of Biomedical Science, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics; Graduate School of Biomedical Science, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics; Graduate School of Biomedical Science, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Cappa R, de Campos C, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. "Mitochondrial Toolbox" - A Review of Online Resources to Explore Mitochondrial Genomics. Front Genet 2020; 11:439. [PMID: 32457801 PMCID: PMC7225359 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a significant role in many biological systems. There is emerging evidence that differences in the mitochondrial genome may contribute to multiple common diseases, leading to an increasing number of studies exploring mitochondrial genomics. There is often a large amount of complex data generated (for example via next generation sequencing), which requires optimised bioinformatics tools to efficiently and effectively generate robust outcomes from these large datasets. Twenty-four online resources dedicated to mitochondrial genomics were reviewed. This 'mitochondrial toolbox' summary resource will enable researchers to rapidly identify the resource(s) most suitable for their needs. These resources fulfil a variety of functions, with some being highly specialised. No single tool will provide all users with the resources they require; therefore, the most suitable tool will vary between users depending on the nature of the work they aim to carry out. Genetics resources are well established for phylogeny and DNA sequence changes, but further epigenetic and gene expression resources need to be developed for mitochondrial genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruaidhri Cappa
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences B, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Cassio de Campos
- School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander P Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences B, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Amy J McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences B, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Harrison BR, Wang L, Gajda E, Hoffman EV, Chung BY, Pletcher SD, Raftery D, Promislow DEL. The metabolome as a link in the genotype-phenotype map for peroxide resistance in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:341. [PMID: 32366330 PMCID: PMC7199327 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic association studies that seek to explain the inheritance of complex traits typically fail to explain a majority of the heritability of the trait under study. Thus, we are left with a gap in the map from genotype to phenotype. Several approaches have been used to fill this gap, including those that attempt to map endophenotype such as the transcriptome, proteome or metabolome, that underlie complex traits. Here we used metabolomics to explore the nature of genetic variation for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resistance in the sequenced inbred Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP). RESULTS We first studied genetic variation for H2O2 resistance in 179 DGRP lines and along with identifying the insulin signaling modulator u-shaped and several regulators of feeding behavior, we estimate that a substantial amount of phenotypic variation can be explained by a polygenic model of genetic variation. We then profiled a portion of the aqueous metabolome in subsets of eight 'high resistance' lines and eight 'low resistance' lines. We used these lines to represent collections of genotypes that were either resistant or sensitive to the stressor, effectively modeling a discrete trait. Across the range of genotypes in both populations, flies exhibited surprising consistency in their metabolomic signature of resistance. Importantly, the resistance phenotype of these flies was more easily distinguished by their metabolome profiles than by their genotypes. Furthermore, we found a metabolic response to H2O2 in sensitive, but not in resistant genotypes. Metabolomic data further implicated at least two pathways, glycogen and folate metabolism, as determinants of sensitivity to H2O2. We also discovered a confounding effect of feeding behavior on assays involving supplemented food. CONCLUSIONS This work suggests that the metabolome can be a point of convergence for genetic variation influencing complex traits, and can efficiently elucidate mechanisms underlying trait variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Harrison
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Erika Gajda
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Elise V Hoffman
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Brian Y Chung
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Scott D Pletcher
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Xu Y, Xie M, Xue J, Xiang L, Li Y, Xiao J, Xiao G, Wang HL. EGCG ameliorates neuronal and behavioral defects by remodeling gut microbiota and TotM expression in Drosophila models of Parkinson's disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:5931-5950. [PMID: 32157731 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903125rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Eigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, is known to exert a beneficial effect on PD patients. Although some mechanisms were suggested to underlie this intervention, it remains unknown if the EGCG-mediated protection was achieved by remodeling gut microbiota. In the present study, 0.1 mM or 0.5 mM EGCG was administered to the Drosophila melanogaster with PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1) mutations, a prototype PD model, and their behavioral performances, as well as neuronal/mitochondrial morphology (only for 0.5 mM EGCG treatment) were determined. According to the results, the mutant PINK1B9 flies exhibited dopaminergic, survival, and behavioral deficits, which were rescued by EGCG supplementation. Meanwhile, EGCG resulted in profound changes in gut microbial compositions in PINK1B9 flies, restoring the abundance of a set of bacteria. Notably, EGCG protection was blunted when gut microbiota was disrupted by antibiotics. We further isolated four bacterial strains from fly guts and the supplementation of individual Lactobacillus plantarum or Acetobacter pomorum strain exacerbated the neuronal and behavioral dysfunction of PD flies, which could not be rescued by EGCG. Transcriptomic analysis identified TotM as the central gene responding to EGCG or microbial manipulations. Genetic ablation of TotM blocked the recovery activity of EGCG, suggesting that EGCG-mediated protection warrants TotM. Apart from familial form, EGCG was also potent in improving sporadic PD symptoms induced by rotenone treatment, wherein gut microbiota shared regulatory roles. Together, our results suggest the relevance of the gut microbiota-TotM pathway in EGCG-mediated neuroprotection, providing insight into indirect mechanisms underlying nutritional intervention of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Mengmeng Xie
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jinsong Xue
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Xiang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yali Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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Lee JJ, Andreazza S, Whitworth AJ. The STING pathway does not contribute to behavioural or mitochondrial phenotypes in Drosophila Pink1/parkin or mtDNA mutator models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2693. [PMID: 32060339 PMCID: PMC7021792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59647-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin/PRKN cause the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in familial forms of Parkinson's disease but the precise pathogenic mechanisms are unknown. The PINK1/Parkin pathway has been described to play a central role in mitochondrial homeostasis by signalling the targeted destruction of damaged mitochondria, however, how disrupting this process leads to neuronal death was unclear until recently. An elegant study in mice revealed that the loss of Pink1 or Prkn coupled with an additional mitochondrial stress resulted in the aberrant activation of the innate immune signalling, mediated via the cGAS/STING pathway, causing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor impairment. Genetic knockout of Sting was sufficient to completely prevent neurodegeneration and accompanying motor deficits. To determine whether Sting plays a conserved role in Pink1/parkin related pathology, we tested for genetic interactions between Sting and Pink1/parkin in Drosophila. Surprisingly, we found that loss of Sting, or its downstream effector Relish, was insufficient to suppress the behavioural deficits or mitochondria disruption in the Pink1/parkin mutants. Thus, we conclude that phenotypes associated with loss of Pink1/parkin are not universally due to aberrant activation of the STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette J Lee
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Simonetta Andreazza
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Whitworth
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom.
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Fernandez-Rebollo E, Franzen J, Goetzke R, Hollmann J, Ostrowska A, Oliverio M, Sieben T, Rath B, Kornfeld JW, Wagner W. Senescence-Associated Metabolomic Phenotype in Primary and iPSC-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:201-209. [PMID: 31983656 PMCID: PMC7013233 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term culture of primary cells is characterized by functional and secretory changes, which ultimately result in replicative senescence. It is largely unclear how the metabolome of cells changes during replicative senescence and if such changes are consistent across different cell types. We have directly compared culture expansion of primary mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iMSCs) until they reached growth arrest. Both cell types acquired similar changes in morphology, in vitro differentiation potential, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, and DNA methylation. Furthermore, MSCs and iMSCs revealed overlapping gene expression changes, particularly in functional categories related to metabolic processes. We subsequently compared the metabolomes of MSCs and iMSCs and observed overlapping senescence-associated changes in both cell types, including downregulation of nicotinamide ribonucleotide and upregulation of orotic acid. Taken together, replicative senescence is associated with a highly reproducible senescence-associated metabolomics phenotype, which may be used to monitor the state of cellular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fernandez-Rebollo
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; University of Southern Denmark, Functional Genomics and Metabolism Unit, Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark.
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Roman Goetzke
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jonathan Hollmann
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Alina Ostrowska
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Matteo Oliverio
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research (MPI-MR), Noncoding RNAs and Energy Homeostasis, Gleueler Strasse 50, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Torsten Sieben
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- Department for Orthopedics, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research (MPI-MR), Noncoding RNAs and Energy Homeostasis, Gleueler Strasse 50, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne 50931, Germany; University of Southern Denmark, Functional Genomics and Metabolism Unit, Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Technology - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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Hypoxia regulates the mitochondrial activity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through HIF/HEY1/PINK1 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:934. [PMID: 31819034 PMCID: PMC6901483 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is commonly found in cancers. Hypoxia, due to the lack of oxygen (O2) as the electron recipient, causes inefficient electron transfer through the electron transport chain at the mitochondria leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which could create irreversible cellular damages. Through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) which elicits various molecular events, cells are able to overcome low O2. Knowledge about the new molecular mechanisms governed by HIF-1 is important for new therapeutic interventions targeting hypoxic tumors. Using hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a model, we revealed that the HIF-1 and the Notch signaling pathways cross-talk to control mitochondrial biogenesis of cancer cells to maintain REDOX balance. From transcriptome sequencing, we found that HEY1, a transcriptional repressor, in the NOTCH pathway was consistently induced by hypoxia in HCC cell lines. We identified a strong hypoxia response element (HRE) in HEY1 by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays. Transcriptome and ChIP sequencing further identified PINK1, a gene essential for mitochondrial biogenesis, as a novel transcriptional target of HEY1. HCC cells with HEY1 knockdown re-expressed PINK1. HEY1 and PINK1 expressions inversely correlated in human HCC samples. Overexpression of HEY1 and under-expression of PINK1 were detected in human HCC and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Functionally, we found that overexpression of HEY1 or knockdown of PINK1 consistently reduced mitochondrial cristae, mitochondrial mass, oxidative stress level, and increased HCC growth.
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Hunt RJ, Granat L, McElroy GS, Ranganathan R, Chandel NS, Bateman JM. Mitochondrial stress causes neuronal dysfunction via an ATF4-dependent increase in L-2-hydroxyglutarate. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:4007-4016. [PMID: 31645461 PMCID: PMC6891100 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201904148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial stress contributes to a range of neurological diseases. Mitonuclear signaling pathways triggered by mitochondrial stress remodel cellular physiology and metabolism. How these signaling mechanisms contribute to neuronal dysfunction and disease is poorly understood. We find that mitochondrial stress in neurons activates the transcription factor ATF4 as part of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR) in Drosophila We show that ATF4 activation reprograms nuclear gene expression and contributes to neuronal dysfunction. Mitochondrial stress causes an ATF4-dependent increase in the level of the metabolite L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2-HG) in the Drosophila brain. Reducing L-2-HG levels directly, by overexpressing L-2-HG dehydrogenase, improves neurological function. Modulation of L-2-HG levels by mitochondrial stress signaling therefore regulates neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Hunt
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Granat
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gregory S McElroy
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Ramya Ranganathan
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph M Bateman
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
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Tetramethylpyrazine Analogue T-006 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinson's Disease In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8169125. [PMID: 31827703 PMCID: PMC6885178 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8169125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and there is no cure for it at present. We have previously reported that the tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) derivative T-006 exhibited beneficial effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models. However, its effect on PD remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of T-006 against 6-hydroxydopamine- (6-OHDA-) induced lesions in in vivo and in vitro PD models. Our results demonstrated that T-006 alleviated mitochondrial membrane potential loss and restored the energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis that were induced by 6-OHDA in PC12 cells. In addition, animal experiments showed that administration of T-006 significantly attenuated the 6-OHDA-induced loss of tyrosine hydroxylase- (TH-) positive neurons in the SNpc, as well as dopaminergic nerve fibers in the striatum, and also increased the concentration of dopamine and its metabolites (DOPAC, HVA) in the striatum. Functional deficits were restored following T-006 treatment in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice, as demonstrated by improved motor coordination and rotational behavior. In addition, we found that the neuroprotective effects of T-006 were mediated, at least in part, by the activation of both the PKA/Akt/GSK-3β and CREB/PGC-1α/NRF-1/TFAM pathways. In summary, our findings demonstrate that T-006 could be developed as a novel neuroprotective agent for PD, and the two pathways might be promising therapeutic targets for PD.
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Palmeira CM, Teodoro JS, Amorim JA, Steegborn C, Sinclair DA, Rolo AP. Mitohormesis and metabolic health: The interplay between ROS, cAMP and sirtuins. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:483-491. [PMID: 31349039 PMCID: PMC6718302 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The key role of mitochondria in oxidative metabolism and redox homeostasis explains the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of metabolic disorders. Mitochondria's highly dynamic nature, based on alterations in biogenesis, mitophagy, fusion and fission, allows adjusting sequential redox reactions of the electron transport chain (ETC) and dissipation of the membrane potential by ATP synthase, to different environmental cues. With reactive oxygen species being an inevitable by-product of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), alterations on mitochondrial oxidative rate with a consequent excessive load of reactive oxygen species have been traditionally associated with pathological conditions. However, reactive oxygen species have also been suggested as promoters of mitohormesis, a process in which low, non-cytotoxic concentrations of reactive oxygen species promote mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, signaling systems involved in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis are attractive candidates for drug development for metabolic diseases triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction. Reversible phosphorylation downstream the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling cascade and deacetylation mediated by sirtuins are recognized as major mitochondrial regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Marques Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Soeiro Teodoro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Alves Amorim
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Laboratory for Ageing Research, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Anabela Pinto Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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