1
|
Kurma K, Eslami-S Z, Alix-Panabières C, Cayrefourcq L. Liquid biopsy: paving a new avenue for cancer research. Cell Adh Migr 2024; 18:1-26. [PMID: 39219215 PMCID: PMC11370957 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2024.2395807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The current constraints associated with cancer diagnosis and molecular profiling, which rely on invasive tissue biopsies or clinical imaging, have spurred the emergence of the liquid biopsy field. Liquid biopsy involves the extraction of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating free or circulating tumor DNA (cfDNA or ctDNA), circulating cell-free RNA (cfRNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) from bodily fluid samples. Subsequently, these components undergo molecular characterization to identify biomarkers that are critical for early cancer detection, prognosis, therapeutic assessment, and post-treatment monitoring. These innovative biosources exhibit characteristics analogous to those of the primary tumor from which they originate or interact. This review comprehensively explores the diverse technologies and methodologies employed for processing these biosources, along with their principal clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Kurma
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES),
University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zahra Eslami-S
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES),
University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES),
University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laure Cayrefourcq
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES),
University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang Y, Bu Q, You W, Zhang R, Xu Z, Gan X, Zhou J, Qiao L, Huang T, Lu L. Single-cell analysis reveals hypoxia-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167276. [PMID: 38844114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The role of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) remains unclear. Here, we generated a comprehensive atlas of the entire tumor microenvironment and delineated the multifaceted cell-cell interactions to decipher hypoxia-induced pro-tumor immune suppression. We discovered hypoxia is significantly associated with iCCA progression via the activation of HIF1A expression. Moreover, hypoxia-dependent PPARγ-mediated fatty acid oxidation in APOE+ TAMs promoted M2 macrophage polarization by activating the HIF1A-PPARG-CD36 axis. These polarized APOE+ TAMs recruited Treg cell infiltration via the CCL3-CCR5 pair to form an immunosuppressive microenvironment. APOE+ TAMs tended to co-localize spatially with Treg cells in the malignant tissue based on spatial transcriptome data and immunofluorescence analysis results. We identified tumor-reactive CXCL13+ CD8-PreTex with specific high expression of ENTPD1 and ITGAE, which acted as precursors of CD8-Tex and had higher cytotoxicity, lower exhaustion, and more vigorous proliferation. Consequently, CXCL13+ CD8-PreTex functioned as a positive regulator of antitumor immunity by expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFNG and TNF, associated with a better survival outcome. Our study reveals the mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced immunosuppression and suggests that targeting precursor-exhausted CXCL13+CD8+ T cells might provide a pratical immunotherapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingfa Bu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zibo Xu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojie Gan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jinren Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianning Huang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pumtako C, Dolan RD, McGovern J, McMillan DC. Routine assessment of nutritional, functional and inflammatory criteria in patients with cancer: A systematic review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:294-303. [PMID: 38980797 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The review discusses the significant impact of cancer on patients, particularly focusing on cachexia - a condition marked by weight and lean tissue loss. This condition critically affects the nutritional status, quality of life, and treatment outcomes of cancer patients. RESEARCH QUESTION The review seeks to understand the effectiveness and necessity of routine clinical monitoring of cancer cachexia, and how it can aid in better therapeutic interventions. METHODS The systematic review followed a pre-defined protocol based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)statement. A systematic search using specific keywords was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE databases on October 24, 2023, supplemented by citations from the original papers. The selection process involved screening titles and abstracts for relevance. RESULTS The review finds varying levels of effectiveness in the different measurement criteria used for monitoring cachexia. It highlights the potential of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) framework in defining and managing cancer cachexia, though noting some challenges in standardisation and implementation of measurements. CONCLUSION The present systematic review highlights the variability and lack of standardization in the application of GLIM criteria for monitoring cachexia in cancer patients. Despite these challenges, it will be important to determine the most efficacious clinically routine nutritional and inflammation assessments in the routine application of GLIM criteria assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chattarin Pumtako
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, New Lister Building, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK.
| | - Ross D Dolan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, New Lister Building, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Josh McGovern
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, New Lister Building, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, New Lister Building, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuo CL, Lin YC, Lo YK, Lu YZ, Babuharisankar AP, Lien HW, Chou HY, Lee AYL. The mitochondrial stress signaling tunes immunity from a view of systemic tumor microenvironment and ecosystem. iScience 2024; 27:110710. [PMID: 39262792 PMCID: PMC11388186 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in cell fate, calcium signaling, mitophagy, and the signaling through reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, mitochondria are considered as a signaling organelle in the cell and communicate with other organelles to constitute the mitochondrial information processing system (MIPS) that transduce input-to-output biological information. The success in immunotherapy, a concept of systemic therapy, has been proved to be dependent on paracrine interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and distant organs including microbiota and immune components. We will adopt a broader view from the concept of TME to tumor micro- and macroenvironment (TM 2 E) or tumor-organ ecosystem (TOE). In this review, we will discuss the role of mitochondrial signaling by mitochondrial ROS, calcium flux, metabolites, mtDNA, vesicle transportation, and mitochondria-derived peptide in the TME and TOE, in particular immune regulation and effective cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liang Kuo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu Kang Lo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Zhi Lu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Wen Lien
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yu Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences & Technology, National Central University, Zhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hao X, Shen Y, Liu J, Alexander A, Wu L, Xu Z, Yu L, Gao Y, Liu F, Chan HL, Li CH, Ding Y, Zhang W, Edwards DG, Chen N, Nasrazadani A, Ueno NT, Lim B, Zhang XHF. Solid tumour-induced systemic immunosuppression involves dichotomous myeloid-B cell interactions. Nat Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41556-024-01508-6. [PMID: 39266726 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Solid tumours induce systemic immunosuppression that involves myeloid and T cells. B cell-related mechanisms remain relatively understudied. Here we discover two distinct patterns of tumour-induced B cell abnormality (TiBA; TiBA-1 and TiBA-2), both associated with abnormal myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. TiBA-1 probably results from the niche competition between pre-progenitor-B cells and myeloid progenitors, leading to a global reduction in downstream B cells. TiBA-2 is characterized by systemic accumulation of a unique early B cell population, driven by interaction with excessive neutrophils. Importantly, TiBA-2-associated early B cells foster the systemic accumulation of exhaustion-like T cells. Myeloid and B cells from the peripheral blood of patients with triple-negative breast cancer recapitulate the TiBA subtypes, and the distinct TiBA profile correlates with pathologic complete responses to standard-of-care immunotherapy. This study underscores the inter-patient diversity of tumour-induced systemic changes and emphasizes the need for treatments tailored to different B and myeloid cell abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Hao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yichao Shen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela Alexander
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Morgan Welch IBC Research Program and Clinic, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ling Wu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhan Xu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liqun Yu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Gao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fengshuo Liu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hilda L Chan
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Che-Hsing Li
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yunfeng Ding
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - David G Edwards
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nan Chen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Azadeh Nasrazadani
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Morgan Welch IBC Research Program and Clinic, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Morgan Welch IBC Research Program and Clinic, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Bora Lim
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maeshima Y, Kataoka TR, Vandenbon A, Hirata M, Takeuchi Y, Suzuki Y, Fukui Y, Kawashima M, Takada M, Ibi Y, Haga H, Morita S, Toi M, Kawaoka S, Kawaguchi K. Intra-patient spatial comparison of non-metastatic and metastatic lymph nodes reveals the reduction of CD169 + macrophages by metastatic breast cancers. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105271. [PMID: 39173531 PMCID: PMC11382037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells suppress the host immune system to efficiently invade the lymph nodes; however, the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to comprehensively characterise the effects of breast cancers on immune cells in the lymph nodes. METHODS We collected non-metastatic and metastatic lymph node samples from 6 patients with breast cancer with lymph node metastasis. We performed bulk transcriptomics, spatial transcriptomics, and imaging mass cytometry to analyse the obtained lymph nodes. Furthermore, we conducted histological analyses against a larger patient cohort (474 slices from 58 patients). FINDINGS The comparison between paired lymph nodes with and without metastasis from the same patients demonstrated that the number of CD169+ lymph node sinus macrophages, an initiator of anti-cancer immunity, was reduced in metastatic lymph nodes (36.7 ± 21.1 vs 7.3 ± 7.0 cells/mm2, p = 0.0087), whereas the numbers of other major immune cell types were unaltered. We also detected that the infiltration of CD169+ macrophages into metastasised cancer tissues differed by section location within tumours, suggesting that CD169+ macrophages were gradually decreased after anti-cancer reactions. Furthermore, CD169+ macrophage elimination was prevalent in major breast cancer subtypes and correlated with breast cancer staging (p = 0.022). INTERPRETATION We concluded that lymph nodes with breast cancer metastases have fewer CD169+ macrophages, which may be detrimental to the activity of anti-cancer immunity. FUNDING JSPS KAKENHI (16H06279, 20H03451, 20H04842, 22H04925, 19K16770, and 21K15530, 24K02236), JSPS Fellows (JP22KJ1822), AMED (JP21ck0106698), JST FOREST (JPMJFR2062), Caravel, Co., Ltd, Japan Foundation for Applied Enzymology, and Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. under SKIPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurina Maeshima
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Inter-Organ Communication Research Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuki R Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate Prefecture 028-3694, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Takeuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yukiko Fukui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawashima
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takada
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ibi
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hironori Haga
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakazu Toi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kawaoka
- Inter-Organ Communication Research Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Integrative Bioanalytics, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Center, Mie University, Mie 514-0102, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pamuk S, Ertugrul B, Kasarci G, Bireller S, Ergen A, Cakmakoglu B, Ulusan M. Focusing on tumor and it's microenvironmental immune members for head and neck cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 263:155575. [PMID: 39236499 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune-related gene expression levels in the tumor microenvironment (TM) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients was compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CD163, CD274, CD86, FUT4, FOXP3, and ITGAX levels of HNSCC patients in their tumor tissues (n =76) and surrounding tissues adjacent to the tumor (n =76) were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Changes in these genes were also evaluated by associating with demographical data of the patients. RESULTS CD163, CD274, FUT4, and FOXP3 gene expression levels were significantly higher in tumor tissue than in surrounding tissue. FUT4 fold change was statistically higher in patients with lymph node involvement. CD86 expression was statistically lower in smokers of 50 boxes per year or more. CD163, CD274, and FUT4 expressions were increased in response to the presence of extranodal extension (ENE). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results demonstrate the alterations in expression levels of immunologic markers are associated with the clinical presentations of HNSCC. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saim Pamuk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Ertugrul
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksu Kasarci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Bireller
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ergen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bedia Cakmakoglu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Ulusan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shrivastava A, Kumar A, Aggarwal LM, Pradhan S, Choudhary S, Ashish A, Kashyap K, Mishra S. Evolution of Bioelectric Membrane Potentials: Implications in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. J Membr Biol 2024:10.1007/s00232-024-00323-2. [PMID: 39183198 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Electrophysiology typically deals with the electrical properties of excitable cells like neurons and muscles. However, all other cells (non-excitable) also possess bioelectric membrane potentials for intracellular and extracellular communications. These membrane potentials are generated by different ions present in fluids available in and outside the cell, playing a vital role in communication and coordination between the cell and its organelles. Bioelectric membrane potential variations disturb cellular ionic homeostasis and are characteristic of many diseases, including cancers. A rapidly increasing interest has emerged in sorting out the electrophysiology of cancer cells. Compared to healthy cells, the distinct electrical properties exhibited by cancer cells offer a unique way of understanding cancer development, migration, and progression. Decoding the altered bioelectric signals influenced by fluctuating electric fields benefits understanding cancer more closely. While cancer research has predominantly focussed on genetic and molecular traits, the delicate area of electrophysiological characteristics has increasingly gained prominence. This review explores the historical exploration of electrophysiology in the context of cancer cells, shedding light on how alterations in bioelectric membrane potentials, mediated by ion channels and gap junctions, contribute to the pathophysiology of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Shrivastava
- Department of Physiology, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Aggarwal
- Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Satyajit Pradhan
- Radiation Oncology, Mahamana Pandit Madhan Mohan Malaviya Cancer Centre, Varanasi, India
| | - Sunil Choudhary
- Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Ashish
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Keshav Kashyap
- Department of Physiology, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India
| | - Shivani Mishra
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Menyhart O, Fekete JT, Győrffy B. Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of the Prognostic Significance of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and the Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8441. [PMID: 39126008 PMCID: PMC11312822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The overall prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) remains challenging as the survival time varies widely, even in patients with the same stage of disease. Recent studies suggest prognostic relevance of the novel markers of systemic inflammation, the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the prognostic significance of the SII and the SIRI in CRC. We searched the relevant literature for observational studies, and random effects models were employed to conduct a statistical analysis using the metaanalysisonline.com platform. Pooled effect sizes were reported with hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Data from 29 studies published between 2016 and 2024, comprising 10,091 participants, were included in our meta-analysis on SII. CRC patients with high SII levels had worse disease outcomes, which were associated with poor OS (HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.4-2.19) and poor PFS/DFS/RFS (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.18-1.33). This increased risk of worse OS was present irrespective of the treatment strategy, sample size (<220 and ≥220), and cutoff used to define high and low SII (<550 and ≥550) groups. Based on data from five studies comprising 2362 participants, we found a strong association between the high SIRI and worse OS (HR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.6-4.38) and DFS/RFS (HR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.42-2.93). According to our results, both the SII and SIRI hold great promise as prognostic markers in CRC. Further validations are needed for their age- and stage-specific utility in the clinical routine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Menyhart
- Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Tibor Fekete
- Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morimoto H, Tsujikawa T, Miyagawa-Hayashino A, Kimura A, Saburi S, Murakami N, Kitamoto K, Mukudai S, Nagao H, Saya S, Ogi H, Konishi E, Itoh K, Hirano S. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio associates with nutritional parameters, intratumoral immune profiles, and clinical outcomes of pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2024; 46:1956-1964. [PMID: 38344945 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the tumor-immune microenvironment and systemic inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), is unclear. METHODS We examined the characteristics of systemic inflammatory markers and tumor immune microenvironments in relation to treatment outcomes in 29 consecutive patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) who received pembrolizumab, using 14-marker multiplex immunohistochemistry and image cytometry. RESULTS NLR ≥4.5 (high NLR) at pretreatment status significantly correlated with short overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival-2 (PFS2) and malnutrition status. High NLR in peripheral blood was significantly correlated with low lymphoid cell and high tumor-associated macrophage counts in tissues, especially myeloid-to-lymphoid cell ratios, suggesting an association between circulating and intratumoral immune complexity profiles. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a link between NLR in circulating blood, systemic nutritional status, and immune composition within the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Morimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsujikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Aya Miyagawa-Hayashino
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alisa Kimura
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Saburi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nanako Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayo Kitamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Mukudai
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nagao
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ogi
- SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu S, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Dong K, Zhang H, Luo C, Liu SM. A m 6A regulators-related classifier for prognosis and tumor microenvironment characterization in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374465. [PMID: 39119345 PMCID: PMC11306056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence have highlighted the biological significance of mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in regulating tumorigenicity and progression. However, the potential roles of m6A regulators in tumor microenvironment (TME) formation and immune cell infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC or HCC) requires further clarification. Method RNA sequencing data were obtained from TCGA-LIHC databases and ICGC-LIRI-JP databases. Consensus clustering algorithm was used to identify m6A regulators cluster subtypes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), LASSO regression, Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) were applied to identify candidate biomarkers, and then a m6Arisk score model was constructed. The correlations of m6Arisk score with immunological characteristics (immunomodulators, cancer immunity cycles, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), and immune checkpoints) were systematically evaluated. The effective performance of nomogram was evaluated using concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Two distinct m6A modification patterns were identified based on 23 m6A regulators, which were correlated with different clinical outcomes and biological functions. Based on the constructed m6Arisk score model, HCC patients can be divided into two distinct risk score subgroups. Further analysis indicated that the m6Arisk score showed excellent prognostic performance. Patients with a high m6Arisk score was significantly associated with poorer clinical outcome, lower drug sensitivity, and higher immune infiltration. Moreover, we developed a nomogram model by incorporating the m6Arisk score and clinicopathological features. The application of the m6Arisk score for the prognostic stratification of HCC has good clinical applicability and clinical net benefit. Conclusion Our findings reveal the crucial role of m6A modification patterns for predicting HCC TME status and prognosis, and highlight the good clinical applicability and net benefit of m6Arisk score in terms of prognosis, immunophenotype, and drug therapy in HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanfei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhua Luo
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Song-Mei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jin J, Guo Q, Yan Z. The Role of Lutheran/Basal Cell Adhesion Molecule in Hematological Diseases and Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7268. [PMID: 39000374 PMCID: PMC11242806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion is a dynamic process that plays a fundamental role in cell proliferation, maintenance, differentiation, and migration. Basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM), also known as Lutheran (Lu), belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. Lu/BCAM, which is widely expressed in red blood cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells across various tissues, playing a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell adhesion, cell motility and cell migration. Moreover, Lu/BCAM, dysregulated in many diseases, such as blood diseases and various types of cancer, may act as a biomarker and target for the treatment of these diseases. This review explores the significance of Lu/BCAM in cell adhesion and its potential as a novel target for treating hematological diseases and tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhibin Yan
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (J.J.); (Q.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thompson JJ, McGovern J, Roxburgh CSD, Edwards J, Dolan RD, McMillan DC. The relationship between LDH and GLIM criteria for cancer cachexia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 199:104378. [PMID: 38754770 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer cachexia is a clinical condition characterized by recognizable "sickness behaviors" accompanied by loss of lean body tissue. The Global Leadership on Malnutrition (GLIM) has proposed phenotypic (unintentional weight loss, low body mass index and low muscle mass) and aetiologic (reduced food intake and inflammation or disease burden) diagnostic criteria. Recent work has suggested serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) might represent a 3rd aetiologic criteria. Little is known of its relationship with GLIM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of their comparative prognostic value and association was performed. METHODS A search of electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Ovid, Cochrane) up to February 2023 was used to identify studies that compared the prognostic value of LDH and components of the GLIM criteria in cancer. An analysis of the relationship between LDH and the components of GLIM was undertaken where this data was available. RevMan 5.4.1 was used to perform a meta-analysis for each diagnostic criteria that had 3 or more studies which reported hazard ratios with a 95 per cent confidence interval for overall survival (OS). RESULTS A total of 119 studies were reviewed. Advanced lung cancer was the most studied population. Included in the meta-analysis were 6 studies (n=2165) on LDH and weight loss, 17 studies (n=7540) on LDH and low BMI, 5 studies (n=758) on LDH and low muscle mass, 0 studies on LDH and food intake and 93 studies (n=32,190) on LDH and inflammation. There was a significant association between elevated serum LDH and each of low BMI (OR 1.39, 1.09 - 1.77; p=0.008), elevated NLR (OR 2.04, 1.57 - 2.65; p<0.00001) and elevated CRP (OR 2.58, 1.81 - 3.67; p<0.00001). There was no association between elevated serum LDH and low muscle mass. Only one study presented data on the association between LDH and unintentional weight loss. Elevated LDH showed a comparative OS (HR 1.86, 1.57 - 2.07; p<0.00001) to unintentional weight loss (HR 1.57, 1.23 - 1.99; p=0.0002) and had a similar OS (HR 2.00, 1.70 - 2.34; p<0.00001) to low BMI (HR 1.57, 1.29-2.90; p<0.0001). LDH also showed an OS (HR 2.25, 1.76 - 2.87; p<0.00001) congruous with low muscle mass (HR 1.93, 1.14 - 3.27; p=0.01) and again, LDH conferred as poor an OS (HR 1.77, 1.64-1.90; p<0.00001) as elevated NLR (HR 1.61, 1.48 - 1.77; p<0.00001) or CRP (HR 1.55, 1.43 - 1.69; p<0.00001). CONCLUSION Current literature suggests elevated serum LDH is associated with inflammation in cancer (an aetiologic GLIM criterion), however more work is required to establish the relationship between LDH and the phenotypic components of GLIM. Additionally, elevated serum LDH appears to be a comparative prognosticator of overall survival in cancer when compared to the GLIM criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Thompson
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Josh McGovern
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Campbell S D Roxburgh
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ross D Dolan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gu C, Chen P, Tian H, Yang Y, Huang Z, Yan H, Tang C, Xiang J, Shangguan L, Pan K, Chen P, Huang Y, Liu Z, Tang R, Fan S, Lin X. Targeting initial tumour-osteoclast spatiotemporal interaction to prevent bone metastasis. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:1044-1054. [PMID: 38499860 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Bone is the most common site of metastasis, and although low proliferation and immunoediting at the early stage make existing treatment modalities less effective, the microenvironment-inducing behaviour could be a target for early intervention. Here we report on a spatiotemporal coupling interaction between tumour cells and osteoclasts, and named the tumour-associated osteoclast 'tumasteoclast'-a subtype of osteoclasts in bone metastases induced by tumour-migrasome-mediated cytoplasmic transfer. We subsequently propose an in situ decoupling-killing strategy in which tetracycline-modified nanoliposomes encapsulating sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphate are designed to specifically release high concentrations of hydrogen phosphate ions triggered by tumasteoclasts, which depletes calcium ions and forms calcium-phosphorus crystals. This can inhibit the formation of migrasomes for decoupling and disrupt cell membrane for killing, thereby achieving early prevention of bone metastasis. This study provides a research model for exploring tumour cell behaviour in detail and a proof-of-concept for behaviour-targeting strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongsen Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huige Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Xiang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqing Shangguan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaifeng Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xianfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Research and Precision Repair of Orthopaedic Trauma and Aging Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tiberio P, Balordi M, Castaldo M, Viganò A, Jacobs F, Benvenuti C, Torrisi R, Zambelli A, Santoro A, De Sanctis R. Empowerment, Pain Control, and Quality of Life Improvement in Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients through Pain Neuroscience Education: A Prospective Cohort Pilot Study Protocol (EMPOWER Trial). J Pers Med 2024; 14:711. [PMID: 39063964 PMCID: PMC11278336 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC) has improved patients' prognosis but often leads to adverse events and sequelae affecting quality of life (QoL). Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) is a promising non-pharmacological intervention in this field. Preliminary data have shown the beneficial effect of PNE in BC survivors. However, there are still gaps in knowledge regarding its optimal use in eTNBC. To address this issue, a prospective pilot study will enroll 30 consecutive patients diagnosed with eTNBC at IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital. The PNE program will consist of 10 weekly sessions to be started within 4 weeks of the onset or worsening of a pain syndrome (PS). QoL, pain, and disability will be assessed before, during, at the end of, and 6 months after PNE using validated questionnaires. Peripheral venous blood samples will be taken before and at the end of PNE to evaluate inflammatory serum biomarker levels. The primary objective is to evaluate whether PNE leads to clinical improvement in QoL and pain. If successful, it will be validated in a larger multi-centric cohort, potentially leading to its widespread implementation as a standard pain management tool for eTNBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Tiberio
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Marco Balordi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Castaldo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Pain and Neuroplasticity (CNAP), School of Medicine, Sensory Motor Interaction (SMI), Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Parma University, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Jacobs
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Chiara Benvenuti
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Rosalba Torrisi
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Armando Santoro
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Rita De Sanctis
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy; (P.T.); (F.J.); (C.B.); (R.T.); (A.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pan Y, Cheng J, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Fan W, Chen X. Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6399-6444. [PMID: 38745455 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00968d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis causes greater than 90% of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of cancer due to its high heterogeneity and widespread dissemination to various organs. Therefore, it is imperative to combat cancer metastasis, which is the key to achieving complete cancer eradication. Immunotherapy as a systemic approach has shown promising potential to combat metastasis. However, current clinical immunotherapies are not effective for all patients or all types of cancer metastases owing to insufficient immune responses. In recent years, immunological nanomaterials with intrinsic immunogenicity or immunomodulatory agents with efficient loading have been shown to enhance immune responses to eliminate metastasis. In this review, we would like to summarize various types of immunological nanomaterials against metastasis. Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (e.g., optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, etc.) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of immunological nanomaterial-based anti-metastasis are also elucidated with the intention to accelerate its clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Miedema IHC, Pouw JEE, Kwakman A, Zwezerijnen GJC, Huisman MC, Timmer FEF, van de Ven R, de Gruijl TD, Hospers GAP, de Langen AJ, Menke-van der Houven van Oordt CW. Exploring the predictive potential of programmed death ligand 1 expression in healthy organs and lymph nodes as measured by 18F-BMS986-192 PET: pooled analysis of data from four solid tumor types. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008899. [PMID: 38886117 PMCID: PMC11184194 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2024-008899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can elicit anticancer immune responses, but predictive biomarkers are needed. We measured programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in organs and lymph nodes using 18F-BMS-986192 positron emission tomography (PET)-imaging and looked for correlations with response and immune-related adverse events. METHODS Four 18F-BMS-986192 PET studies in patients with melanoma, lung, pancreatic and oral cancer, receiving ICI treatment, were combined. Imaging data (organ standardized uptake value (SUV)mean, lymph node SUVmax) and clinical data (response to treatment and incidence of immune-related adverse events) were extracted. RESULTS Baseline PD-L1 uptake in the spleen was on average higher in non-responding patients than in responders (spleen SUVmean 16.1±4.4 vs 12.5±3.4, p=0.02). This effect was strongest in lung cancer, and not observed in oral cancer. In the oral cancer cohort, benign tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) had higher PD-L1 uptake (SUVmax 3.3 IQR 2.5-3.9) compared with non-TDLNs (SUVmax 1.8, IQR 1.4-2.8 p=0.04). Furthermore, in the same cohort non-responders showed an increase in PD-L1 uptake in benign TDLNs on-treatment with ICIs (+15%), while for responders the PD-L1 uptake decreased (-11%). PD-L1 uptake did not predict immune-related adverse events, though elevated thyroid uptake on-treatment correlated with pre-existing thyroid disease or toxicity. CONCLUSION PD-L1 PET uptake in the spleen is a potential negative predictor of response to ICIs. On-treatment with ICIs, PD-L1 uptake in benign TDLNs increases in non-responders, while it decreases in responders, potentially indicating a mechanism for resistance to ICIs in patients with oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris H C Miedema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna E E Pouw
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Kwakman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben J C Zwezerijnen
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C Huisman
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Florentine E F Timmer
- Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rieneke van de Ven
- Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geke A P Hospers
- Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hazra R, Chattopadhyay S, Mallick A, Gayen S, Roy S. Revealing the therapeutic properties of gut microbiota: transforming cancer immunotherapy from basic to clinical approaches. Med Oncol 2024; 41:175. [PMID: 38874788 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The immune system plays a pivotal role in the battle against cancer, serving as a formidable guardian in the ongoing fight against malignant cells. To combat these malignant cells, immunotherapy has emerged as a prevalent approach leveraging antibodies and peptides such as anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 to inhibit immune checkpoints and activate T lymphocytes. The optimization of gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating the defense system in the body. This study explores the potential of certain gut-resident bacteria to amplify the impact of immunotherapy. Contemporary antibiotic treatments, which can impair gut flora, may diminish the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers. Conversely, probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation can help re-establish intestinal microflora equilibrium. Additionally, the gut microbiome has been implicated in various strategies to counteract immune resistance, thereby enhancing the success of cancer immunotherapy. This paper also acknowledges cutting-edge technologies such as nanotechnology, CAR-T therapy, ACT therapy, and oncolytic viruses in modulating gut microbiota. Thus, an exhaustive review of literature was performed to uncover the elusive link that could potentiate the gut microbiome's role in augmenting the success of cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudradeep Hazra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Tara Park, Behala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Soumyadeep Chattopadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Tara Park, Behala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Arijit Mallick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Tara Park, Behala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Sakuntala Gayen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Tara Park, Behala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Tara Park, Behala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li QQ, Guo M, He GH, Xi KH, Zhou MY, Shi RY, Chen GQ. VEGF-induced Nrdp1 deficiency in vascular endothelial cells promotes cancer metastasis by degrading vascular basement membrane. Oncogene 2024; 43:1836-1851. [PMID: 38654108 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are key players in the formation of neovessels and tumor metastasis, the ultimate cause of the majority of cancer-related human death. However, the crosstalk between VECs and metastasis remain greatly elusive. Based on our finding that tumor-associated VECs present significant decrease of Nrdp1 protein which is closely correlated with higher metastatic probability, herein we show that the conditional medium from hypoxia-incubated cancer cells induces extensive Nrdp1 downregulation in human and mouse VECs by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which activates CHIP, followed by Nrdp1 degradation in ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent way. More importantly, lung metastases of cancer cells significantly increase in conditional VECs Nrdp1 knockout mice. Mechanically, Nrdp1 promotes degradation of Fam20C, a secretory kinase involved in phosphorylating numerous secreted proteins. Reciprocally, deficiency of Nrdp1 in VECs (ecNrdp1) results in increased secretion of Fam20C, which induces degradation of extracellular matrix and disrupts integrity of vascular basement membrane, thus driving tumor metastatic dissemination. In addition, specific overexpression of ecNrdp1 by Nrdp1-carrying adeno-associated virus or chemical Nrdp1 activator ABPN efficiently mitigates tumor metastasis in mice. Collectively, we explore a new mechanism for VEGF to enhance metastasis and role of Nrdp1 in maintaining the integrity of vascular endothelium, suggesting that ecNrdp1-mediated signaling pathways might become potential target for anti-metastatic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Guang-Huan He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kai-Hua Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mei-Yi Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rong-Yi Shi
- Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, 570000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, 570000, China.
- Institute of Aging & Tissue Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Research Units of Stress and Tumor (2019RU043), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ren-Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xie H, Wei L, Ruan G, Zhang H, Shi H. Inflammaging score as a potential prognostic tool for cancer: A population-based cohort study. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111939. [PMID: 38744412 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a clinically applicable inflammaging score by combining the inflammatory status and age of patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare survival differences among patients with different grades of inflammation scores. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between the inflammaging score and survival. As the age of patients increased, their levels of systemic inflammation gradually increased. A unique inverse relationship was found between the level of inflammation and cancer prognosis during the ageing process. Mediation analysis indicated that systemic inflammation mediates 10.1%-17.8% of the association between ageing and poor prognosis. With an increase in the inflammaging score from grades I to V, the survival rate showed a gradient decline. The inflammation score could effectively stratify the prognosis of patients with lung, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and other types of cancers. Compared with grade I, the hazard ratios for grades II-V were 1.239, 1.604, 1.724, and 2.348, respectively. In the external validation cohort, the inflammaging score remained an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients with cancer. The inflammaging score, which combines ageing and inflammation, is a robust prognostic assessment tool for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lishuang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guotian Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo Y, Kasai Y, Tanaka Y, Ohashi‐Kumagai Y, Sakamoto T, Ito T, Murakami Y. IGSF3 is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule that drives lung metastasis of melanoma by promoting adhesion to vascular endothelium. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1936-1947. [PMID: 38590281 PMCID: PMC11145127 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) is one of the largest families of cell-surface molecules involved in various cell-cell interactions, including cancer-stromal interactions. In this study, we undertook a comprehensive RT-PCR-based screening for IgSF molecules that promote experimental lung metastasis in mice. By comparing the expression of 325 genes encoding cell-surface IgSF molecules between mouse melanoma B16 cells and its highly metastatic subline, B16F10 cells, we found that expression of the immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 gene (Igsf3) was significantly enhanced in B16F10 cells than in B16 cells. Knockdown of Igsf3 in B16F10 cells significantly reduced lung metastasis following intravenous injection into C57BL/6 mice. IGSF3 promoted adhesion of B16F10 cells to vascular endothelial cells and functioned as a homophilic cell adhesion molecule between B16F10 cells and vascular endothelial cells. Notably, the knockdown of IGSF3 in either B16F10 cells or vascular endothelial cells suppressed the transendothelial migration of B16F10 cells. Moreover, IGSF3 knockdown suppressed the extravasation of B16F10 cells into the lungs after intravenous injection. These results suggest that IGSF3 promotes the metastatic potential of B16F10 cells in the lungs by facilitating their adhesion to vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yutaka Kasai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuto Tanaka
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Ohashi‐Kumagai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takeharu Sakamoto
- Department of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical UniversityHirakataJapan
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang QW, Zhu MX, Liu WF, Rui WW, Chen Y, Ding XY, Jiang YS, Wu ZY, Liu BB. Identification of clinically relevant subsets CD39 +PD-1 +CD8 + T cells and CD39 + regulatory T cells in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using single-cell CyTOF. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101954. [PMID: 38608405 PMCID: PMC11024660 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is an aggressive liver malignancy with limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is crucial for iCCA progression, yet its comprehensive characterization remains incomplete. This study utilized mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) to comprehensively analyze immune cell populations in fresh iCCA tumor samples and adjacent peritumor liver tissues. Notably, NK cell percentages significantly decreased in iCCA lesions compared to peritumor liver tissues. Conversely, an enrichment of immunosuppressive CD39+Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T cells (CD39+T-regs) and exhausted-like CD8+T cells (with pronounced CD39 and PD-1 expression) within TIME was identified and confirmed by multiplex immunofluorescence staining in an independent patient cohort (n = 140). Crucially, tumor-infiltrating CD39+T-regs and CD39+PD-1+CD8+T cells emerged as independent prognostic indicators associated with an unfavorable prognosis in iCCA. These findings unveil the intricate immune landscape within iCCA, offering valuable insights for disease management and novel cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Feng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei-Wei Rui
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Ding
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Bin-Bin Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Park R, Saeed A. Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer - Finding the Achilles' Heel. NEJM EVIDENCE 2024; 3:EVIDra2300353. [PMID: 38804784 DOI: 10.1056/evidra2300353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AbstractColorectal cancer treatment has evolved considerably in the last decade with the development of immunotherapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies have brisk and durable responses in patients with advanced microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer, both surgically resectable and unresectable; however, patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer in general do not respond to the same therapy. Emerging evidence shows that immune checkpoint inhibitors may elicit responses in subsets of patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer, especially when combined with other anticancer agents that can modulate the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, rationally designed therapeutic combinations involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, as well as the development of predictive biomarkers for optimal patient selection, have emerged as two key areas of active research. In addition, other immunotherapeutic agents such as cell-based therapies and bispecific T-cell engagers are beginning to be studied in preclinical and early-phase settings. Although by no means a universal treatment strategy, immunotherapy can elicit responses in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer and further research is needed to extend their benefit to patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. Here, we review the current state of immunotherapeutic regimens for microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Park
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
- Department of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang M. Interaction between intestinal flora and gastric cancer in tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1402483. [PMID: 38835386 PMCID: PMC11148328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1402483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric Cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy globally and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent researches focused on the correlation between intestinal flora and GC. Studies indicate that bacteria can influence the development of gastrointestinal tumors by releasing bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). The Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in tumor survival, with the interaction between intestinal flora, BEVs, and TME directly impacting tumor progression. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that intestinal microflora and BEVs can modify TME to enhance the effectiveness of antitumor drugs. This review article provides an overview and comparison of the biological targets through which the intestinal microbiome regulates TME, laying the groundwork for potential applications in tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dowling GP, Daly GR, Hegarty A, Hembrecht S, Bracken A, Toomey S, Hennessy BT, Hill ADK. Predictive value of pretreatment circulating inflammatory response markers in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer: meta-analysis. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae132. [PMID: 38801441 PMCID: PMC11129713 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammatory response markers have been found to have a prognostic role in several cancers, but their value in predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is uncertain. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was carried out to investigate this. METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that explored the predictive value of circulating systemic inflammatory response markers in patients with breast cancer before commencing neoadjuvant therapy. A meta-analysis was undertaken for each inflammatory marker where three or more studies reported pCR rates in relation to the inflammatory marker. Outcome data are reported as ORs and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS A total of 49 studies were included, of which 42 were suitable for meta-analysis. A lower pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with an increased pCR rate (pooled OR 1.66 (95% c.i. 1.32 to 2.09); P < 0.001). A lower white cell count (OR 1.96 (95% c.i. 1.29 to 2.97); P = 0.002) and a lower monocyte count (OR 3.20 (95% c.i. 1.71 to 5.97); P < 0.001) were also associated with a pCR. A higher lymphocyte count was associated with an increased pCR rate (OR 0.44 (95% c.i. 0.30 to 0.64); P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study found the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, white cell count, lymphocyte count, and monocyte count of value in the prediction of a pCR in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Further research is required to determine their value in specific breast cancer subtypes and to establish optimal cut-off values, before their adoption in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin P Dowling
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Medical Oncology Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gordon R Daly
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Hegarty
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sandra Hembrecht
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Bracken
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Toomey
- Medical Oncology Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan T Hennessy
- Medical Oncology Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arnold D K Hill
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Azizi A, Mehdipour F, Samadi M, Rasolmali R, Talei AR, Ghaderi A. Atypical memory B cells increase in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer regardless of lymph node involvement. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:25. [PMID: 38702630 PMCID: PMC11067195 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females. The immune system has a crucial role in the fight against cancer. B and T cells, the two main components of the adaptive immunity, are critical players that specifically target tumor cells. However, B cells, in contrast to T cells, and their role in cancer inhibition or progression is less investigated. Accordingly, in this study, we assessed and compared the frequency of naïve and different subsets of memory B cells in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer and healthy women. RESULTS We found no significant differences in the frequencies of peripheral CD19+ B cells between the patients and controls. However, there was a significant decrease in the frequency of CD19+IgM+ B cells in patients compared to the control group (P=0.030). Moreover, the patients exhibited higher percentages of atypical memory B cells (CD19+CD27‒IgM‒, P=0.006) and a non-significant increasing trend in switched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgM‒, P=0.074). Further analysis revealed a higher frequency of atypical memory B cells (aMBCs) in the peripheral blood of patients without lymph node involvement as well as those with a tumor size greater than 2cm or with estrogen receptor (ER) negative/progesterone receptor (PR) negative tumors, compared with controls (P=0.030, P=0.040, P=0.031 and P=0.054, respectively). CONCLUSION Atypical memory B cells (CD19+CD27‒IgM‒) showed a significant increase in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer compared to the control group. This increase seems to be associated with tumor characteristics. Nevertheless, additional research is necessary to determine the precise role of these cells during breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehdipour
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Morteza Samadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Reza Rasolmali
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Central Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdol-Rasoul Talei
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wolf M, Lucina SB, Silva VBC, Silveira MF, Silva VG, Sarraff AP, Custódio CC, Sousa MG. Assessment of left and right ventricular systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 60:100858. [PMID: 38527726 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial dysfunction in cardio-oncology is generally thought to be related to the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy treatment. However, it is known that some tumors have direct effects on myocardial function. These effects have already been studied in man, but there are no publications of these of the effects in dogs. Novel advanced echocardiographic techniques may allow early detection of myocardial dysfunction when compared to conventional echocardiographic techniques. This study aims to assess myocardial systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma prior to initiation of chemotherapy. ANIMALS Fifteen dogs with multicentric lymphoma and nineteen healthy dogs. METHODS Case-control study. Dogs with multicentric lymphoma and healthy control dogs underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic blood pressure measurement, standard and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess biventricular systolic function. RESULTS There were no differences between groups in terms of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameter, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mitral annular plane systolic excursion and fractional area change of the right ventricle (RV). However, there was a reduction in the values of global circumferential strain (p = 0.0003), RV strain (p = 0.01) and RV tissue motion annular displacement (p < 0.05) in the dogs with lymphoma when compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Speckle tracking techniques appear to demonstrate early systolic dysfunction, primarily affecting the RV, in dogs with lymphoma prior to chemotherapy treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Wolf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Stephany B Lucina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vinícius B C Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Matheus F Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Victória G Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana P Sarraff
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba campus, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Marlos G Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang YP, Yeh CA, Ma YS, Chen PY, Lai KC, Lien JC, Hsieh WT. PW06 suppresses cancer cell metastasis in human pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells via the inhibitions of p-Akt/mTOR/NF-κB and MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathways in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2768-2781. [PMID: 38264921 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PW06 [(E)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one], a kind of the carbazole derivative containing chalcone moiety, induced cell apoptosis in human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro. There is no investigation to show that PW06 inhibits cancer cell metastasis in human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro. Herein, PW06 (0.1-0.8 μM) significantly exists in the antimetastatic activities of human pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro. Wound healing assay shows PW06 at 0.2 μM suppressed cell mobility by 7.45 and 16.55% at 6 and 24 hours of treatments. PW06 at 0.1 and 0.2 μM reduced cell mobility by 14.72 and 21.8% for 48 hours of treatment. Transwell chamber assay indicated PW06 (0.1-0.2 μM) suppressed the cell migration (decreased 26.67-35.42%) and invasion (decreased 48.51-68.66%). Atomic force microscopy assay shows PW06 (0.2 μM) significantly changed the shape of cell morphology. The gelatin zymography assay indicates PW06 decreased MMP2's and MMP9's activities at 48 hours of treatment. Western blotting assay further confirms PW06 reduced levels of MMP2 and MMP9 and increased protein expressions of EGFR, SOS1, and Ras. PW06 also increased the p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38. PW06 increased the expression of PI3K, PTEN, Akt, GSK3α/β, and E-cadherin. Nevertheless, results also show PW06 decreased p-Akt, mTOR, NF-κB, p-GSK3β, β-catenin, Snail, N-cadherin, and vimentin in MIA PaCa-2 cells. The confocal laser microscopy examination shows PW06 increased E-cadherin but decreased vimentin in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Together, our findings strongly suggest that PW06 inhibited the p-Akt/mTOR/NF-κB/MMPs pathways, increased E-cadherin, and decreased N-cadherin/vimentin, suppressing the migration and invasion in MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Yeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shih Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Cherng Lien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsong Hsieh
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Shi R, Yin Y, Luo H, Cao Y, Lyu Y, Luo H, Zeng X, Wang D. Clinical significance of small extracellular vesicles in cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1334592. [PMID: 38665948 PMCID: PMC11043544 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1334592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy originating from the bile duct epithelium. It is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. The global incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is rising, and there is an urgent need for effective early diagnosis and treatment strategies to reduce the burden of this devastating tumor. Small extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microparticles, are nanoscale vesicles formed by membranes that are released both normally and pathologically from cells, mediating the intercellular transfer of substances and information. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of small extracellular vesicles in numerous biological processes, as well as the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. The present review summarizes the tumorigenic roles of small extracellular vesicles in the cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment. Owing to their unique composition, accessibility, and stability in biological fluids, small extracellular vesicles have emerged as ideal biomarkers for use in liquid biopsies for diagnosing and outcome prediction of cholangiocarcinoma. Specific tissue tropism, theoretical biocompatibility, low clearance, and strong biological barrier penetration of small extracellular vesicles make them suitable drug carriers for cancer therapy. Furthermore, the potential value of small extracellular vesicle-based therapies for cholangiocarcinoma is also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Ruizi Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yun Lyu
- Departmant of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Huiwen Luo
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Xintao Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Decai Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
- Department of Urology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lu Q, Kou D, Lou S, Ashrafizadeh M, Aref AR, Canadas I, Tian Y, Niu X, Wang Y, Torabian P, Wang L, Sethi G, Tergaonkar V, Tay F, Yuan Z, Han P. Nanoparticles in tumor microenvironment remodeling and cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:16. [PMID: 38566199 PMCID: PMC10986145 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development have significantly improved the fight against cancers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in the clinical delivery of immunomodulatory compounds. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprising macrophages, fibroblasts, and immune cells, plays a crucial role in immune response modulation. Nanoparticles, engineered to reshape the TME, have shown promising results in enhancing immunotherapy by facilitating targeted delivery and immune modulation. These nanoparticles can suppress fibroblast activation, promote M1 macrophage polarization, aid dendritic cell maturation, and encourage T cell infiltration. Biomimetic nanoparticles further enhance immunotherapy by increasing the internalization of immunomodulatory agents in immune cells such as dendritic cells. Moreover, exosomes, whether naturally secreted by cells in the body or bioengineered, have been explored to regulate the TME and immune-related cells to affect cancer immunotherapy. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, activated by pH, redox, and light conditions, exhibit the potential to accelerate immunotherapy. The co-application of nanoparticles with immune checkpoint inhibitors is an emerging strategy to boost anti-tumor immunity. With their ability to induce long-term immunity, nanoarchitectures are promising structures in vaccine development. This review underscores the critical role of nanoparticles in overcoming current challenges and driving the advancement of cancer immunotherapy and TME modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Dongquan Kou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenghan Lou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Israel Canadas
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Public Health, Benedictine University, Lisle, USA
| | - Xiaojia Niu
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Pedram Torabian
- Cumming School of Medicine, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Franklin Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, 30912, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bian X, Sun Q, Wang M, Dong H, Dai X, Zhang L, Fan G, Chen G. Preoperative prediction of microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer based on a multiphasic enhanced CT radiomics nomogram model. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:77. [PMID: 38566000 PMCID: PMC10988858 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the value of a nomogram model based on the combination of clinical-CT features and multiphasic enhanced CT radiomics for the preoperative prediction of the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS A total of 347 patients with a pathological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, including 276 microsatellite stabilized (MSS) patients and 71 MSI patients (243 training and 104 testing), were included. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the clinical-CT features of CRC patients linked with MSI status to build a clinical model. Radiomics features were extracted from arterial phase (AP), venous phase (VP), and delayed phase (DP) CT images. Different radiomics models for the single phase and multiphase (three-phase combination) were developed to determine the optimal phase. A nomogram model that combines clinical-CT features and the optimal phasic radscore was also created. RESULTS Platelet (PLT), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), tumour location, enhancement pattern, and AP contrast ratio (ACR) were independent predictors of MSI status in CRC patients. Among the AP, VP, DP, and three-phase combination models, the three-phase combination model was selected as the best radiomics model. The best MSI prediction efficacy was demonstrated by the nomogram model built from the combination of clinical-CT features and the three-phase combination model, with AUCs of 0.894 and 0.839 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. CONCLUSION The nomogram model based on the combination of clinical-CT features and three-phase combination radiomics features can be used as an auxiliary tool for the preoperative prediction of the MSI status in CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Bian
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanyun Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Dai
- Department of Pathlogy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guohua Fan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangqiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Haider MT, Freytag V, Krause L, Spethmann T, Gosau T, Beine MC, Knies C, Schröder-Schwarz J, Horn M, Riecken K, Lange T. Comparison of ex vivo bioluminescence imaging, Alu-qPCR and histology for the quantification of spontaneous lung and bone metastases in subcutaneous xenograft mouse models. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024; 41:103-115. [PMID: 38353934 PMCID: PMC10972982 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a non-invasive state-of-the-art-method for longitudinal tracking of tumor cells in mice. The technique is commonly used to determine bone metastatic burden in vivo and also suitable ex vivo to detect even smallest bone micro-metastases in spontaneous metastasis xenograft models. However, it is unclear to which extent ex vivo BLI correlates with alternative methods for metastasis quantification. Here, we compared ex vivo BLI, human DNA-based Alu-qPCR, and histology for the quantification of bone vs. lung metastases, which are amongst the most common sites of metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa) patients and spontaneous PCa xenograft models. Data from 93 immunodeficient mice were considered, each of which were subcutaneously injected with luciferase/RGB-labeled human PCa PC-3 cells. The primary tumors were resected at ~ 0.75 cm³ and mice were sacrificed ~ 3 weeks after surgery and immediately examined by ex vivo BLI. Afterwards, the right lungs and hind limbs with the higher BLI signal (BLIHi bone) were processed for histology, whereas the left lung lobes and hind limbs with the lower BLI signal (BLILo bone) were prepared for Alu-qPCR. Our data demonstrate remarkable differences in the correlation coefficients of the different methods for lung metastasis detection (r ~ 0.8) vs. bone metastasis detection (r ~ 0.4). However, the BLI values of the BLIHi and BLILo bones correlated very strongly (r ~ 0.9), indicating that the method per se was reliable under identical limitations; the overall level of metastasis to contralateral bones was astonishingly similar. Instead, the level of lung metastasis only weakly to moderately correlated with the level of bone metastasis formation. Summarized, we observed a considerable discrepancy between ex vivo BLI and histology/Alu-qPCR in the quantification of bone metastases, which was not observed in the case of lung metastases. Future studies using ex vivo BLI for bone metastasis quantification should combine multiple methods to accurately determine metastatic load in bone samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Haider
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Vera Freytag
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Linda Krause
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Spethmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Tobias Gosau
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Mia C Beine
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Christine Knies
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schröder-Schwarz
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Michael Horn
- Core Facility In Vivo Optical Imaging, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany.
- Institute of Anatomy I, University Hospital Jena, Teichgraben 7, Jena, 07743, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhou L, Liu Y, Wu Y, Yang X, Spring Kong FM, Lu Y, Xue J. Low-dose radiation therapy mobilizes antitumor immunity: New findings and future perspectives. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1143-1157. [PMID: 38059788 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy has unique immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. Although high-dose radiotherapy has been found to have systemic antitumor effects, clinically significant abscopal effects were uncommon on the basis of irradiating single lesion. Low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) emerges as a novel approach to enhance the antitumor immune response due to its role as a leverage to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). In this article, from bench to bedside, we reviewed the possible immunomodulatory role of LDRT on TIME and systemic tumor immune environment, and outlined preclinical evidence and clinical application. We also discussed the current challenges when LDRT is used as a combination therapy, including the optimal dose, fraction, frequency, and combination of drugs. The advantage of low toxicity makes LDRT potential to be applied in multiple lesions to amplify antitumor immune response in polymetastatic disease, and its intersection with other disciplines might also make it a direction for radiotherapy-combined modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiyan Zhou
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Disaster Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanxin Liu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanjun Wu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ming Spring Kong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - You Lu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhong D, Wang Z, Ye Z, Wang Y, Cai X. Cancer-derived exosomes as novel biomarkers in metastatic gastrointestinal cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:67. [PMID: 38561768 PMCID: PMC10983767 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is the most prevalent and highly metastatic malignant tumor and has a significant impact on mortality rates. Nevertheless, the swift advancement of contemporary technology has not seamlessly aligned with the evolution of detection methodologies, resulting in a deficit of innovative and efficient clinical assays for GIC. Given that exosomes are preferentially released by a myriad of cellular entities, predominantly originating from neoplastic cells, this confers exosomes with a composition enriched in cancer-specific constituents. Furthermore, exosomes exhibit ubiquitous presence across diverse biological fluids, endowing them with the inherent advantages of non-invasiveness, real-time monitoring, and tumor specificity. The unparalleled advantages inherent in exosomes render them as an ideal liquid biopsy biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosticating the potential development of GIC metastasis.In this review, we summarized the latest research progress and possible potential targets on cancer-derived exosomes (CDEs) in GIC with an emphasis on the mechanisms of exosome promoting cancer metastasis, highlighting the potential roles of CDEs as the biomarker and treatment in metastatic GIC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhichao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nie T, Wu F, Heng Y, Cai W, Liu Z, Qin L, Cao Y, Zheng C. Influence of skeletal muscle and intermuscular fat on postoperative complications and long-term survival in rectal cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:702-717. [PMID: 38293722 PMCID: PMC10995272 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The body composition of patients with rectal cancer potentially affects postoperative outcomes. This study explored the correlations between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue quantified by computed tomography (CT) with postoperative complications and long-term prognosis in patients with rectal cancer after surgical resection. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients with rectal cancer who underwent surgical resection at the Wuhan Union Hospital between 2014 and 2018. CT images within 3 months prior to the surgery were used to quantify the indices of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue at the levels of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) and umbilicus. Optimal cut-off values for each index were defined separately for males and females. Associations between body composition and postoperative complications, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using logistic and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We included 415 patients (240 males and 175 females; mean age: 57.8 ± 10.5 years). At the L3 level, a high skeletal muscle density (SMD; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.357, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.191-0.665, P = 0.001; HR: 0.571, 95% CI: 0.329-0.993, P = 0.047) and a high skeletal muscle index (SMI; HR: 0.435, 95% CI 0.254-0.747, P = 0.003; HR: 0.568, 95% CI: 0.359-0.897, P = 0.015) were independent prognostic factors for better OS and DFS. At the umbilical level, a large intermuscular fat area (IMFA; HR: 1.904, 95% CI: 1.068-3.395, P = 0.029; HR: 2.064, 95% CI: 1.299-3.280, P = 0.002) was an independent predictive factor for worse OS and DFS, and a high SMI (HR: 0.261, 95% CI: 0.132-0.517, P < 0.001; HR: 0.595, 95% CI: 0.387-0.913, P = 0.018) was an independent prognostic factor for better OS and DFS. The models combining body composition and clinical indicators had good predictive abilities for OS. The receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve were 0.848 and 0.860 at the L3 and umbilical levels, respectively (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No correlations existed between CT-quantified body composition parameters and postoperative complications. However, a high SMD and high SMI were significantly associated with longer OS and DFS at the L3 level, whereas a large IMFA and low SMI were associated with worse OS and DFS at the umbilical level. Combining CT-quantified body composition and clinical indicators could help physicians predict the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Nie
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
| | - Feihong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
| | - Yixin Heng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Wentai Cai
- The First Clinical School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | | | - Le Qin
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi UniversityShiheziChina
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yinghao Cao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hu W, Yang Y, Cheng C, Tu Y, Chang H, Tsai K. Overexpression of malic enzyme is involved in breast cancer growth and is correlated with poor prognosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18163. [PMID: 38445776 PMCID: PMC10915829 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Malic enzyme (ME) genes are key functional metabolic enzymes playing a crucial role in carcinogenesis. However, the detailed effects of ME gene expression on breast cancer progression remain unclear. Here, our results revealed ME1 expression was significantly upregulated in breast cancer, especially in patients with oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, upregulation of ME1 was significantly associated with more advanced pathological stages (p < 0.001), pT stage (p < 0.001) and tumour grade (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed ME1 upregulation was associated with poor disease-specific survival (DSS: p = 0.002) and disease-free survival (DFS: p = 0.003). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed ME1 upregulation was significantly correlated with poor DSS (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.08-2.52; p = 0.021) and DFS (AHR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.03-2.41; p = 0.038). Stratification analysis indicated ME1 upregulation was significantly associated with poor DSS (p = 0.039) and DFS (p = 0.038) in patients with non-triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, ME1 expression did not affect the DSS of patients with TNBC. Biological function analysis revealed ME1 knockdown could significantly suppress the growth of breast cancer cells and influence its migration ability. Furthermore, the infiltration of immune cells was significantly reduced when they were co-cultured with breast cancer cells with ME1 knockdown. In summary, ME1 plays an oncogenic role in the growth of breast cancer; it may serve as a potential biomarker of progression and constitute a therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and ResearchKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of PediatricsTzu Chi UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ting Tu
- Department of ResearchTaipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Hong‐Tai Chang
- Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Kuo‐Wang Tsai
- Department of ResearchTaipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Department of NursingCardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and ManagementNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kaskas A, Clavijo P, Friedman J, Craveiro M, Allen CT. Complete tumor resection reverses neutrophilia-associated suppression of systemic anti-tumor immunity. Oral Oncol 2024; 150:106705. [PMID: 38280289 PMCID: PMC10939739 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tumor infiltrating neutrophils suppress T cell function, but whether neutrophils in circulation contribute to systemic immunosuppression is unclear. We aimed to study whether peripheral neutrophils that accumulate with tumor progression contribute to systemic immunosuppression, and if observed suppression of systemic anti-tumor immunity could be reversed with complete surgical tumor removal. MATERIALS AND METHODS Syngeneic murine oral cancers were established in immunocompetent mice. Proteomic and functional immune assays were used to study plasma cytokine concentration, peripheral immune frequencies, and systemic anti-tumor immunity with and without complete primary tumor resection. RESULTS Ly6G+ neutrophilic cells, but not other myeloid cell types, accumulated in the periphery of mice with progressing tumors. This accumulation positively associated with plasma G-CSF concentration. Circulating neutrophils were functionally immunosuppressive. Complete surgical tumor removal reversed the observed neutrophilia, with neutrophil frequencies returning to baseline in 21 days. Multiple independent functional assays revealed enhanced systemic anti-tumor immunity in mice following tumor resection compared to tumor-bearing mice, and the observed enhanced systemic immunity could be reproduced with selective neutrophil depletion. CONCLUSIONS Complete primary tumor resection can reverse neutrophilia that develops during tumor progression and result in enhanced systemic anti-tumor immunity. Primary tumor removal relieves neutrophil-driven systemic immunosuppression and may itself contribute to the clinical benefit observed with neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Kaskas
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center For Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Clavijo
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center For Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Friedman
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center For Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marco Craveiro
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center For Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clint T Allen
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center For Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gorczynski R. Translation of Data from Animal Models of Cancer to Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:292. [PMID: 38540350 PMCID: PMC10970502 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of clinical oncology has been revolutionized over the past decade with the introduction of many new immunotherapies the existence of which have depended to a large extent on experimentation with both in vitro analysis and the use of various animal models, including gene-modified mice. The discussion below will review my own laboratory's studies, along with those of others in the field, on cancer immunotherapy. Our own studies have predominantly dwelt on two models of malignancy, namely a solid tumor model (breast cancer) and lymphoma. The data from our own laboratory, and that of other scientists, highlights the novel information so obtained, and the evidence that application of such information has already had an impact on immunotherapy of human oncologic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reginald Gorczynski
- Institute of Medical Science, Department of Immunology and Surgery, University of Toronto, C/O 429 Drewry Avenue, Toronto, ON M2R 2K6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nordengen AL, Kværner AS, Krutto A, Alavi DT, Henriksen HB, Henriksen C, Raastad T, Smeland S, Bøhn SK, Shaposhnikov S, Collins AR, Blomhoff R. DNA base oxidation in relation to TNM stages and chemotherapy treatment in colorectal cancer patients 2-9 months post-surgery. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:174-185. [PMID: 38141887 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of DNA damage is a critical feature of genomic instability, which is a hallmark of various cancers. The enzyme-modified comet assay is a recognized method to detect specific DNA lesions at the level of individual cells. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explore possible links between clinicopathological and treatment related factors, nutritional status, physical activity and function, and DNA damage in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with non-metastatic disease. Levels of DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) assessed 2-9 months post-surgery, were compared across tumour stage (localized (stage I-II) vs. regional (stage III) disease), localization (colon vs. rectosigmoid/rectum cancer), and adjuvant chemotherapy usage, with the last dosage administrated 2-191 days prior to sampling. Associations between DNA damage and indicators of nutritional status, physical activity and function were also explored. In PBMCs, DNA base oxidation was higher in patients diagnosed with regional compared with localized tumours (P = 0.03), but no difference was seen for DNA strand breaks (P > 0.05). Number of days since last chemotherapy dosage was negatively associated with DNA base oxidation (P < 0.01), and patients recently receiving chemotherapy (<15 days before blood collection) had higher levels of DNA base oxidation than those not receiving chemotherapy (P = 0.03). In the chemotherapy group, higher fat mass (in kg and %) as well as lower physical activity were associated with greater DNA base oxidation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DNA base oxidation measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay varies according to tumour and lifestyle related factors in CRC patients treated for non-metastatic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lene Nordengen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Norgenotech AS, Oslo Cancer Cluster Incubator, Oslo, Norway; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Ane S Kværner
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika Krutto
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dena T Alavi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege B Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Norway
| | - Sigbjørn Smeland
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv K Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Srivastava A, Srivastava S. Multiomics data identifies RSPO2 as a prognostic biomarker in human tumors associated with pan-cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 139:469-499. [PMID: 38448143 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
RSPO2 protein may provide valuable insights into the mechanism underlying various types of tumorigenesis. The role of RSPO2 in pan-cancer has not been reported so far. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of RSPO2 from a pan-cancer perspective employing multiomics data. The expression profile and function of RSPO2 across different tumors were investigated using various web-based tools UALCAN, GEPIA, TIMER, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, TISIDB, STRING, and Metascape to interpret the expression profile, promoter methylation status, genomic alterations, survival analysis, protein-protein interaction, correlation with immune cell subtypes, tumor immune microenvironment and enrichment analysis. Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis indicated that RSPO2 was significantly downregulated in eleven and upregulated in five tumor types compared to normal tissues, validation results further suggest RSPO2 was downregulated in most of the tumors. The protein level expression of RSPO2 was mostly low in malignant tissues. We found that RSPO2 was significantly related to individual pathological stages in BLCA, COAD, LUAD and LUSC. Prognostic analysis indicates that the high RSPO2 expression was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis in BRCA, KICH, KIRP, READ, and UCES. Furthermore, RSPO2 is frequently amplified, exhibits hypermethylated promoter in most cancers, and is associated with immune subtypes, molecular subtypes and immune cell infiltration. Finally, enrichment analysis showed that RSPO2 is involved in the regulation of the canonical Wnt pathway and neuronal development. The overall comprehensive pan-cancer analysis affirms that RSPO2 could be a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and latent therapy target in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sameer Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bandini S, Ulivi P, Rossi T. Extracellular Vesicles, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Hints and Promises. Cells 2024; 13:337. [PMID: 38391950 PMCID: PMC10887032 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, in particular lung cancer, while the introduction of predictive biomarkers from liquid biopsies has emerged as a promising tool to achieve an effective and personalized therapy response. Important progress has also been made in the molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), highlighting their tremendous potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment, acting on immunomodulatory pathways, and setting up the pre-metastatic niche. Surface antigens on EVs and CTCs have proved to be particularly useful in the case of the characterization of potential immune escape mechanisms through the expression of immunosuppressive ligands or the transport of cargos that may mitigate the antitumor immune function. On the other hand, novel approaches, to increase the expression of immunostimulatory molecules or cargo contents that can enhance the immune response, offer premium options in combinatorial clinical strategies for precision immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the identification of immune checkpoints using EVs and CTCs, their potential applications as predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, and their prospective use as innovative clinical tools, considering that CTCs have already been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use, but providing good reasons to intensify the research on both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (S.B.); (T.R.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tang R, Wang H, Liu J, Song L, Hou H, Liu M, Wang J, Wang J. TFRC, associated with hypoxia and immune, is a prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:112. [PMID: 38336764 PMCID: PMC10854140 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a common malignancy of the urinary system, and the survival rate and recurrence rate of patients with muscular aggressive (MIBC) bladder cancer are not ideal. Hypoxia is a pathological process in which cells acquire special characteristics to adapt to anoxic environment, which can directly affect the proliferation, invasion and immune response of bladder cancer cells. Understanding the exact effects of hypoxia and immune-related genes in BLCA is helpful for early assessment of the prognosis of BLCA. However, the prognostic model of BLCA based on hypoxia and immune-related genes has not been reported. PURPOSE Hypoxia and immune cell have important role in the prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA). The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypoxia and immune related genes could be a novel tools to predict the overall survival and immunotherapy of BLCA patients. METHODS First, we downloaded transcriptomic data and clinical information of BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. A combined hypoxia and immune signature was then constructed on the basis of the training cohort via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and validated in test cohort. Afterwards, Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate and multivariate Cox and subgroup analysis were employed to assess the accuracy of our signature. Immune cell infiltration, checkpoint and the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm were used to investigate the immune environment and immunotherapy of BLCA patients. Furthermore, we confirmed the role of TFRC in bladder cancer cell lines T24 and UMUC-3 through cell experiments. RESULTS A combined hypoxia and immune signature containing 8 genes were successfully established. High-risk group in both training and test cohorts had significantly poorer OS than low-risk group. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis indicated our signature could be regarded as an independent prognostic factor. Different checkpoint was differently expressed between two groups, including CTLA4, HAVCR2, LAG3, PD-L1 and PDCD1. TIDE analysis indicated high-risk patients had poor response to immunotherapy and easier to have immune escape. The drug sensitivity analysis showed that high-risk group patients were more potentially sensitive to many drugs. Meanwhile, TFRC could inhibit the proliferation and invasion ability of T24 and UMUC-3 cells. CONCLUSION A combined hypoxia and immune-related gene could be a novel predictive model for OS and immunotherapy estimation of BLCA patients and TFRC could be used as a potential therapeutic target in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhua Tang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liuqi Song
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huimin Hou
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianye Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 DongDan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang L, Chen JJ, Sheng-Xian Teo B, Zhang J, Jiang M. Research Progress on the Antitumor Molecular Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rh2. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:217-230. [PMID: 38291582 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has evolved into a substantial public health concern as the second-leading cause of mortality globally. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been the two most widely used cancer therapies in recent years; however, both have drawbacks. Therefore, the focus has shifted to the creation of herbal medicines, the extraction of active ingredients, replacement therapy, and the adverse effects of these medications. Ginsenoside Rh2, which is extracted from ginseng, has been identified in many cancer cells. The immune system of the body is strengthened by ginsenoside Rh2, which can also cause the proliferation, death, and differentiation of tumor cells through various pathways. For instance, it inhibits the expression of the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway and induces cell apoptosis, affects the expression levels of mitochondrial apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bax, and cooperates with the PD-1 blockade to reactivate T cells to promote an antitumor immune response. Furthermore, ginsenosides Rh2 has the effect of reversing the toxic effect of chemotherapy drugs on normal cells, reducing myocardial damage, and relieving bone marrow function suppression. For clinical applications, it is mainly used as an adjuvant drug for preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and rescue treatment of advanced cancer. This paper summarizes the pharmacological action and mechanism of ginsenosides Rh2 in all kinds of cancer and looks forward to its future development and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Institute of Analytical Psychology, City University of Macau, Macau, P. R. China
| | - Jenny Jie Chen
- MSU Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (MyCAM), Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Brian Sheng-Xian Teo
- MSU Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (MyCAM), Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
| | - Mingqiang Jiang
- Department of Breast, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sun M, Zhu S, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Yan K, Li X, Wang X, He C, Ding C, Chen Y, Sun Z, Hu S. Effect of inflammation on association between cancer and coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:72. [PMID: 38267838 PMCID: PMC10809766 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer and coronary artery disease (CAD) is reported to often co-exist in same individuals, however, whether cancer is directly associated with anatomical severity of CAD is rarely studied. The present study aimed to observe the relationship between newly diagnosed cancer and anatomical severity of CAD, moreover, to investigate effect of inflammation on the relationship of cancer with CAD. METHODS 374 patients with newly diagnosed cancer who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled. Through 1:3 propensity score matching (PSM) to cancer patients based on the age and gender among 51,106 non-cancer patients who underwent CAG, 1122 non-cancer patients were selected as control patients. Anatomical severity of CAD was assessed using SYNTAX score (SXscore) based on coronary angiographic image. SXscore ≤ 22 (highest quartile) was defined as SX-low, and SXscore > 22 as SX-high. The ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte count (NLR) was used to describe inflammation level. Association between cancer and the anatomical severity of CAD was investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS Univariate logistic regression analysis showed a correlation between cancer and anatomical severity of CAD (OR: 1.419, 95% CI: 1.083-1.859; P = 0.011). Cancer was associated with increased risk of SX-high after adjusted for common risk factors of CAD (OR: 1.598, 95% CI: 1.172-2.179, P = 0.003). Significant association between cancer and SX-high was revealed among patients with high inflammation (OR: 1.656, 95% CI: 1.099-2.497, P = 0.016), but not among patients with low inflammation (OR: 1.530, 95% CI: 0.973-2.498, P = 0.089). CONCLUSIONS Cancer was associated with severity of CAD, however, the association between the two diseases was significant among patients with high inflammation rather than among patients with low inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhuang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
- Cardiac Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yawei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Kaixin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Changjian He
- Cardiac Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhua Ding
- Cardiac Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Shunying Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mahalingam D, Harb W, Patnaik A, Bullock A, Watnick RS, Vincent MY, Chen JJ, Wang S, Pestana H, Chao J, Mahoney J, Cieslewicz M, Watnick J. First-in-human phase I dose escalation trial of the first-in-class tumor microenvironment modulator VT1021 in advanced solid tumors. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:10. [PMID: 38218979 PMCID: PMC10787778 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VT1021 is a cyclic peptide that induces the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME). TSP-1 reprograms the TME via binding to CD36 and CD47 to induce tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis as well as immune modulation in the TME. METHODS Study VT1021-01 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03364400) used a modified 3 + 3 design. The primary objective was to determine the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) were assessed. Patients were dosed twice weekly intravenously in 9 cohorts (0.5-15.6 mg/kg). Safety was evaluated using CTCAE version 5.0 and the anti-tumor activity was evaluated by RECIST version 1.1. RESULTS The RP2D of VT1021 is established at 11.8 mg/kg. VT1021 is well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities reported (0/38). The most frequent drug-related adverse events are fatigue (15.8%), nausea (10.5%), and infusion-related reactions (10.5%). Exposure increases proportionally from 0.5 to 8.8 mg/kg. The disease control rate (DCR) is 42.9% with 12 of 28 patients deriving clinical benefit including a partial response (PR) in one thymoma patient (504 days). CONCLUSIONS VT1021 is safe and well-tolerated across all doses tested. RP2D has been selected for future clinical studies. PR and SD with tumor shrinkage are observed in multiple patients underscoring the single-agent potential of VT1021. Expansion studies in GBM, pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors at the RP2D have been completed and results will be communicated in a separate report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wael Harb
- Horizon Oncology Center, Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amita Patnaik
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judy Chao
- Vigeo Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Harrer DC, Lüke F, Pukrop T, Ghibelli L, Gerner C, Reichle A, Heudobler D. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα/γ agonist pioglitazone for rescuing relapsed or refractory neoplasias by unlocking phenotypic plasticity. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1289222. [PMID: 38273846 PMCID: PMC10808445 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1289222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of seven clinical trials on relapsed or refractory (r/r) metastatic neoplasias followed the question: Are networks of ligand-receptor cross-talks that support tumor-specific cancer hallmarks, druggable with tumor tissue editing approaches therapeutically exploiting tumor plasticity? Differential recombinations of pioglitazone, a dual peroxisome-proliferator activated receptorα/γ (PPARα/γ) agonist, with transcriptional modulators, i.e., all-trans retinoic acid, interferon-α, or dexamethasone plus metronomic low-dose chemotherapy (MCT) or epigenetic modeling with azacitidine plus/minus cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition initiated tumor-specific reprogramming of cancer hallmarks, as exemplified by inflammation control in r/r melanoma, renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (mLCH) or differentiation induction in non-promyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia (non-PML AML). Pioglitazone, integrated in differentially designed editing schedules, facilitated induction of tumor cell death as indicated by complete remission (CR) in r/r non-PML AML, continuous CR in r/r RCCC, mLCH, and in HL by addition of everolimus, or long-term disease control in melanoma by efficaciously controlling metastasis, post-therapy cancer repopulation and acquired cell-resistance and genetic/molecular-genetic tumor cell heterogeneity (M-CRAC). PPARα/γ agonists provided tumor-type agnostic biomodulatory efficacy across different histologic neoplasias. Tissue editing techniques disclose that wide-ranging functions of PPARα/γ agonists may be on-topic focused for differentially unlocking tumor phenotypes. Low-dose MCT facilitates targeted reprogramming of cancer hallmarks with transcriptional modulators, induction of tumor cell death, M-CRAC control and editing of non-oncogene addiction. Thus, pioglitazone, integrated in tumor tissue editing protocols, is an important biomodulatory drug for addressing urgent therapeutic problems, such as M-CRAC in relapsed or refractory tumor disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Christoph Harrer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Engin AB, Engin A. Next-Cell Hypothesis: Mechanism of Obesity-Associated Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1460:727-766. [PMID: 39287871 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Higher body fat content is related to a higher risk of mortality, and obesity-related cancer represents approximately 40% of all cancer patients diagnosed each year. Furthermore, epigenetic mechanisms are involved in cellular metabolic memory and can determine one's predisposition to being overweight. Low-grade chronic inflammation, a well-established characteristic of obesity, is a central component of tumor development and progression. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAA), which enhance inflammation- and metastasis-related gene sets within the cancer microenvironment, have pro-tumoral effects. Adipose tissue is a major source of the exosomal micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs), which modulate pathways involved in the development of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. Owing to their composition of cargo, exosomes can activate receptors at the target cell or transfer molecules to the target cells and thereby change the phenotype of these cells. Exosomes that are released into the extracellular environment are internalized with their cargo by neighboring cells. The tumor-secreted exosomes promote organ-specific metastasis of tumor cells that normally lack the capacity to metastasize to a specific organ. Therefore, the communication between neighboring cells via exosomes is defined as the "next-cell hypothesis." The reciprocal interaction between the adipocyte and tumor cell is realized through the adipocyte-derived exosomal miRNAs and tumor cell-derived oncogenic miRNAs. The cargo molecules of adipocyte-derived exosomes are important messengers for intercellular communication involved in metabolic responses and have very specific signatures that direct the metabolic activity of target cells. RNA-induced silencing regulates gene expression through various mechanisms. Destabilization of DICER enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) to precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), is an important checkpoint in cancer development and progression. Interestingly, adipose tissue in obesity and tumors share similar pathogenic features, and the local hypoxia progress in both. While hypoxia in obesity leads to the adipocyte dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, in obesity-related cancer cases, it is associated with worsened prognosis, increased metastatic potential, and resistance to chemotherapy. Notch-interleukin-1 (IL-1)-Leptin crosstalk outcome is referred to as "NILCO effect." In this chapter, obesity-related cancer development is discussed in the context of "next-cell hypothesis," miRNA biogenesis, and "NILCO effect."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey
- Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Muller M, Best MG, van der Noort V, Hiltermann TJN, Niemeijer ALN, Post E, Sol N, In 't Veld SGJG, Nogarede T, Visser L, Schouten RD, van den Broek D, Hummelink K, Monkhorst K, de Langen AJ, Schuuring E, Smit EF, Groen HJM, Wurdinger T, van den Heuvel MM. Blood platelet RNA profiles do not enable for nivolumab response prediction at baseline in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S327-S340. [PMID: 37270827 DOI: 10.3233/tub-220037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), though the response rates remain low. Pre-treatment response prediction may improve patient allocation for immunotherapy. Blood platelets act as active immune-like cells, thereby constraining T-cell activity, propagating cancer metastasis, and adjusting their spliced mRNA content. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether platelet RNA profiles before start of nivolumab anti-PD1 immunotherapy may predict treatment responses. METHODS We performed RNA-sequencing of platelet RNA samples isolated from stage III-IV NSCLC patients before treatment with nivolumab. Treatment response was scored by the RECIST-criteria. Data were analyzed using a predefined thromboSeq analysis including a particle-swarm-enhanced support vector machine (PSO/SVM) classification algorithm. RESULTS We collected and processed a 286-samples cohort, separated into a training/evaluation and validation series and subjected those to training of the PSO/SVM-classification algorithm. We observed only low classification accuracy in the 107-samples validation series (area under the curve (AUC) training series: 0.73 (95% -CI: 0.63-0.84, n = 88 samples), AUC evaluation series: 0.64 (95% -CI: 0.51-0.76, n = 91 samples), AUC validation series: 0.58 (95% -CI: 0.45-0.70, n = 107 samples)), employing a five-RNAs biomarker panel. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that platelet RNA may have minimally discriminative capacity for anti-PD1 nivolumab response prediction, with which the current methodology is insufficient for diagnostic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Muller
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myron G Best
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - T Jeroen N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna-Larissa N Niemeijer
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edward Post
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nik Sol
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors G J G In 't Veld
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke Nogarede
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Visser
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert D Schouten
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van den Broek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Hummelink
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Monkhorst
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrianus J de Langen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert F Smit
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel M van den Heuvel
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vahabi M, Comandatore A, Centra C, Blandino G, Morelli L, Giovannetti E. Thinking small to win big? A critical review on the potential application of extracellular vesicles for biomarker discovery and new therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:50-67. [PMID: 37956937 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely deadly form of cancer, with limited progress in 5-year survival rates despite significant research efforts. The main challenges in treating PDAC include difficulties in early detection, and resistance to current therapeutic approaches due to aggressive molecular and microenvironment features. These challenges emphasize the importance of identifying clinically validated biomarkers for early detection and clinical management. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transporting molecular cargo. Recent research has unveiled their role in initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of PDAC. Consequently, utilizing EVs in liquid biopsies holds promise for the identification of biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and monitoring of drug efficacy. However, numerous limitations, including challenges in isolation and characterization of homogeneous EVs populations, as well as the absence of standardized protocols, can affect the reliability of studies involving EVs as biomarkers, underscoring the necessity for a prudent approach. EVs have also garnered considerable attention as a promising drug delivery system and novel therapy for tumors. The loading of biomolecules or chemical drugs into exosomes and their subsequent delivery to target cells can effectively impede tumor progression. Nevertheless, there are obstacles that must be overcome to ensure the accuracy and efficacy of therapies relying on EVs for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we examine both recent advancements and remaining obstacles, exploring the potential of utilizing EVs in biomarker discovery as well as for the development of drug delivery vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annalisa Comandatore
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Centra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Guo S, Huang J, Li G, Chen W, Li Z, Lei J. The role of extracellular vesicles in circulating tumor cell-mediated distant metastasis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:193. [PMID: 38037077 PMCID: PMC10688140 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research has demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are very closely related in the process of distant tumor metastasis. Primary tumors are shed and released into the bloodstream to form CTCs that are referred to as seeds to colonize and grow in soil-like distant target organs, while EVs of tumor and nontumor origin act as fertilizers in the process of tumor metastasis. There is no previous text that provides a comprehensive review of the role of EVs on CTCs during tumor metastasis. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms of EVs on CTCs during tumor metastasis, including the ability of EVs to enhance the shedding of CTCs, protect CTCs in circulation and determine the direction of CTC metastasis, thus affecting the distant metastasis of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyin Guo
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Genpeng Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jianyong Lei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|