1
|
Gunther SO, Qiao Y, Smith PW, Ciccone SR, Ditter AS, Huh DN, Moreau LM, Shuh DK, Sun T, Arnold PL, Booth CH, de Jong WA, Evans WJ, Lukens WW, Minasian SG. 4f-Orbital mixing increases the magnetic susceptibility of Cp' 3Eu. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12667-12675. [PMID: 39148767 PMCID: PMC11322928 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional models of lanthanide electronic structure suggest that bonding is predominantly ionic, and that covalent orbital mixing is not an important factor in determining magnetic properties. Here, 4f orbital mixing and its impact on the magnetic susceptibility of Cp'3Eu (Cp' = C5H4SiMe3) was analyzed experimentally using magnetometry and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) methods at the C K-, Eu M5,4-, and L3-edges. Pre-edge features in the experimental and TDDFT-calculated C K-edge XAS spectra provided unequivocal evidence of C 2p and Eu 4f orbital mixing in the π-antibonding orbital of a' symmetry. The charge-transfer configurations resulting from 4f orbital mixing were identified spectroscopically by using Eu M5,4-edge and L3-edge XAS. Modeling of variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data showed excellent agreement with the XAS results and indicated that increased magnetic susceptibility of Cp'3Eu is due to removal of the degeneracy of the 7F1 excited state due to mixing between the ligand and Eu 4f orbitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Olivia Gunther
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Patrick W Smith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Sierra R Ciccone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Alexander S Ditter
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Daniel N Huh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Liane M Moreau
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
| | - David K Shuh
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Taoxiang Sun
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Polly L Arnold
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Corwin H Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Wibe A de Jong
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Wayne W Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Stefan G Minasian
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lussier D, Ito E, McClain KR, Smith PW, Kwon H, Rutkauskaite R, Harvey BG, Shuh DK, Long JR. Metal-Halide Covalency, Exchange Coupling, and Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Triangular (Cp iPr5) 3U 3X 6 (X = Cl, Br, I) Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21280-21295. [PMID: 39044394 PMCID: PMC11311243 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The actinide elements are attractive alternatives to transition metals or lanthanides for the design of exchange-coupled multinuclear single-molecule magnets. However, the synthesis of such compounds is challenging, as is unraveling any contributions from exchange coupling to the overall magnetism. To date, only a few actinide compounds have been shown to exhibit exchange coupling and single-molecule magnetism. Here, we report triangular uranium(III) clusters of the type (CpiPr5)3U3X (1-X; X = Cl, Br, I; CpiPr5 = pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl), which are synthesized via reaction of the aryloxide-bridged precursor (CpiPr5)2U2(OPhtBu)4 with excess Me3SiX. Spectroscopic analysis suggests the presence of covalency in the uranium-halide interactions arising from 5f orbital participation in bonding. The dc magnetic susceptibility data reveal the presence of antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the uranium(III) centers in these compounds, with the strength of the exchange decreasing down the halide series. Ac magnetic susceptibility data further reveal all compounds to exhibit slow magnetic relaxation under zero dc field. In 1-I, which exhibits particularly weak exchange, magnetic relaxation occurs via a Raman mechanism associated with the individual uranium(III) centers. In contrast, for 1-Br and 1-Cl, magnetic relaxation occurs via an Orbach mechanism, likely involving relaxation between ground and excited exchange-coupled states. Significantly, in the case of 1-Cl, magnetic relaxation is sufficiently slow such that open magnetic hysteresis is observed up to 2.75 K, and the compound exhibits a 100-s blocking temperature of 2.4 K. This compound provides the first example of magnetic blocking in a compound containing only actinide-based ions, as well as the first example involving the uranium(III) oxidation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
J. Lussier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emi Ito
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - K. Randall McClain
- U.S.
Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Patrick W. Smith
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyunchul Kwon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ryte Rutkauskaite
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin G. Harvey
- U.S.
Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - David K. Shuh
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Long
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fang W, Li Y, Zhang T, Rajeshkumar T, Del Rosal I, Zhao Y, Wang T, Wang S, Maron L, Zhu C. Oxidative Addition of E-H (E=C, N) Bonds to Transient Uranium(II) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407339. [PMID: 38714494 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Two-electron oxidative addition is one of the most important elementary reactions for d-block transition metals but it is uncommon for f-block elements. Here, we report the first examples of intermolecular oxidative addition of E-H (E=C, N) bonds to uranium(II) centers. The transient U(II) species was formed in-situ by reducing a heterometallic cluster featuring U(IV)-Pd(0) bonds with potassium-graphite (KC8). Oxidative addition of C-H or N-H bonds to the U(II) centers was observed when this transient U(II) species was treated with benzene, carbazole or 1-adamantylamine, respectively. The U(II) centers could also react with tetracene, biphenylene or N2O, leading to the formation of arene reduced U(IV) products and uranyl(VI) species via two- or four-electron processes. This study demonstrates that the intermolecular two-electron oxidative addition reactions are viable for actinide elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tianze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tianwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Réant BL, Mackintosh FJ, Gransbury GK, Mattei CA, Alnami B, Atkinson BE, Bonham KL, Baldwin J, Wooles AJ, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Lee D, Chilton NF, Liddle ST, Mills DP. Tris-Silanide f-Block Complexes: Insights into Paramagnetic Influence on NMR Chemical Shifts. JACS AU 2024; 4:2695-2711. [PMID: 39055148 PMCID: PMC11267535 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The paramagnetism of f-block ions has been exploited in chiral shift reagents and magnetic resonance imaging, but these applications tend to focus on 1H NMR shifts as paramagnetic broadening makes less sensitive nuclei more difficult to study. Here we report a solution and solid-state (ss) 29Si NMR study of an isostructural series of locally D 3h -symmetric early f-block metal(III) tris-hypersilanide complexes, [M{Si(SiMe3)3}3(THF)2] (1-M; M = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, U); 1-M were also characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, EPR, ATR-IR, and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, and elemental analysis. Only one SiMe3 signal was observed in the 29Si ssNMR spectra of 1-M, while two SiMe3 signals were seen in solution 29Si NMR spectra of 1-La and 1-Ce. This is attributed to dynamic averaging of the SiMe3 groups in 1-M in the solid state due to free rotation of the M-Si bonds and dissociation of THF from 1-M in solution to give the locally C 3v -symmetric complexes [M{Si(SiMe3)3}3(THF) n ] (n = 0 or 1), which show restricted rotation of M-Si bonds on the NMR time scale. Density functional theory and complete active space self-consistent field spin-orbit calculations were performed on 1-M and desolvated solution species to model paramagnetic NMR shifts. We find excellent agreement of experimental 29Si NMR data for diamagnetic 1-La, suggesting n = 1 in solution and reasonable agreement of calculated paramagnetic shifts of SiMe3 groups for 1-M (M = Pr and Nd); the NMR shifts for metal-bound 29Si nuclei could only be reproduced for diamagnetic 1-La, showing the current limitations of pNMR calculations for larger nuclei.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
L. L. Réant
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Fraser J. Mackintosh
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Carlo Andrea Mattei
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Barak Alnami
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Benjamin E. Atkinson
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Katherine L. Bonham
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Jack Baldwin
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Daniel Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans
Creek Road, Canberra 2601, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liang J, Tan B, Deng C, Huang W. Neutral inverse-sandwich rare-earth metal complexes of the benzene tetraanion. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8740-8749. [PMID: 38899277 PMCID: PMC11185217 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02491e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare-earth metal complexes of the parent benzene tetraanion and neutral inverse-sandwich rare-earth metal arene complexes have remained elusive. Here, we report the first neutral inverse-sandwich rare-earth metal complexes of the parent benzene tetraanion supported by a monoanionic β-diketiminate (BDI) ligand. Reduction of the trivalent rare-earth metal diiodide precursors (BDI)MI2(THF) (BDI = HC(C(Me)N[C6H3-(3-pentyl)2-2,6])2; M = Y, 1-Y; M = Sm, 1-Sm) in benzene or para-xylene by potassium graphite yielded the neutral inverse-sandwich rare-earth metal arene complexes [(BDI)M(THF) n ]2(μ-η6,η6-arene) (M = Y, Sm; arene = benzene, 2-M; arene = para-xylene, 3-M). Single crystal X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic and magnetic characterization studies, together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that these neutral rare-earth metal arene complexes possess an [M3+-(arene)4--M3+] electronic structure with strong metal-arene δ interactions. The arene exchange reactivity shows that 2-Sm has higher stability than 3-Sm. Furthermore, 2-Sm can behave as a four-electron reductant to reduce unsaturated organic substrates. Particularly, while the reaction of 2-Sm with 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene (COT) yielded (BDI)Sm(η8-COT) (4-Sm), 2-Sm reacted with 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne to afford (BDI)Sm(η4-C4Ph2) (5-Sm), the first rare-earth metallacyclopentatriene complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yurou Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Bowen Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Chong Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin X, Lu X, Tang S, Wu W, Mo Y. Multiconfigurational actinide nitrides assisted by double Möbius aromaticity. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8216-8226. [PMID: 38817572 PMCID: PMC11134321 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01549e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the bonding nature between actinides and main-group elements remains a key challenge in actinide chemistry due to the involvement of f orbitals. Herein, we propose a unique "aromaticity-assisted multiconfiguration" (AAM) model to elucidate the bonding nature in actinide nitrides (An2N2, An = Ac, Th, Pa, U). Each planar four-membered An2N2 with equivalent An-N bonds possesses four delocalized π electrons and four delocalized σ electrons, forming a new family of double Möbius aromaticity that contributes to the molecular stability. The unprecedented aromaticity further supports actinide nitrides to exhibit multiconfigurational characters, where the unpaired electrons (2, 4 or 6 in naked Th2N2, Pa2N2 or U2N2, respectively) either are spin-free and localized on metal centres or form metal-ligand bonds. High-level multiconfigurational computations confirm an open-shell singlet ground state for actinide nitrides, with small energy gaps to high spin states. This is consistent with the antiferromagnetic nature observed experimentally in uranium nitrides. The novel AAM bonding model can be authenticated in both experimentally identified compounds containing a U2N2 motif and other theoretically modelled An2N2 clusters and is thus expected to be a general chemical bonding pattern between actinides and main-group elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Lin
- School of Physics, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China
| | - Xiaoli Lu
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu Sichuan 610031 China
| | - Shenghui Tang
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu Sichuan 610031 China
| | - Wei Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC 27401 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liddle ST. Progress in Nonaqueous Molecular Uranium Chemistry: Where to Next? Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9366-9384. [PMID: 38739898 PMCID: PMC11134516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
There is long-standing interest in nonaqueous uranium chemistry because of fundamental questions about uranium's variable chemical bonding and the similarities of this pseudo-Group 6 element to its congener d-block elements molybdenum and tungsten. To provide historical context, with reference to a conference presentation slide presented around 1988 that advanced a defining collection of top targets, and the challenge, for synthetic actinide chemistry to realize in isolable complexes under normal experimental conditions, this Viewpoint surveys progress against those targets, including (i) CO and related π-acid ligand complexes, (ii) alkylidenes, carbynes, and carbidos, (iii) imidos and terminal nitrides, (iv) homoleptic polyalkyls, -alkoxides, and -aryloxides, (v) uranium-uranium bonds, and (vi) examples of topics that can be regarded as branching out in parallel from the leading targets. Having summarized advances from the past four decades, opportunities to build on that progress, and hence possible future directions for the field, are highlighted. The wealth and diversity of uranium chemistry that is described emphasizes the importance of ligand-metal complementarity in developing exciting new chemistry that builds our knowledge and understanding of elements in a relativistic regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre
for Radiochemistry Research, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Murillo J, Seed JA, Wooles AJ, Oakley MS, Goodwin CAP, Gregson M, Dan D, Chilton NF, Gaunt AJ, Kozimor SA, Liddle ST, Scott BL. Carbene Complexes of Plutonium: Structure, Bonding, and Divergent Reactivity to Lanthanide Analogs. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4098-4111. [PMID: 38301208 PMCID: PMC10870714 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Organoplutonium chemistry was established in 1965, yet structurally authenticated plutonium-carbon bonds remain rare being limited to π-bonded carbocycle and σ-bonded isonitrile and hydrocarbyl derivatives. Thus, plutonium-carbenes, including alkylidenes and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), are unknown. Here, we report the preparation and characterization of the diphosphoniomethanide-plutonium complex [Pu(BIPMTMSH)(I)(μ-I)]2 (1Pu, BIPMTMSH = (Me3SiNPPh2)2CH) and the diphosphonioalkylidene-plutonium complexes [Pu(BIPMTMS)(I)(DME)] (2Pu, BIPMTMS = (Me3SiNPPh2)2C) and [Pu(BIPMTMS)(I)(IMe4)2] (3Pu, IMe4 = C(NMeCMe)2), thus disclosing non-actinyl transneptunium multiple bonds and transneptunium NHC complexes. These Pu-C double and dative bonds, along with cerium, praseodymium, samarium, uranium, and neptunium congeners, enable lanthanide-actinide and actinide-actinide comparisons between metals with similar ionic radii and isoelectronic 4f5 vs 5f5 electron-counts within conserved ligand fields over 12 complexes. Quantum chemical calculations reveal that the orbital-energy and spatial-overlap terms increase from uranium to neptunium; however, on moving to plutonium the orbital-energy matching improves but the spatial overlap decreases. The bonding picture that emerges is more complex than the traditional picture of the bonding of lanthanides being ionic and early actinides being more covalent but becoming more ionic left to right. Multiconfigurational calculations on 2M and 3M (M = Pu, Sm) account for the considerably more complex UV/vis/NIR spectra for 5f5 2Pu and 3Pu compared to 4f5 2Sm and 3Sm. Supporting the presence of Pu═C double bonds in 2Pu and 3Pu, 2Pu exhibits metallo-Wittig bond metathesis involving the highest atomic number element to date, reacting with benzaldehyde to produce the alkene PhC(H)═C(PPh2NSiMe3)2 (4) and "PuOI". In contrast, 2Ce and 2Pr do not react with benzaldehyde to produce 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Murillo
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - John A. Seed
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Meagan S. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Conrad A. P. Goodwin
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Matthew Gregson
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David Dan
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans
Creek Road, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Gaunt
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Brian L. Scott
- Materials
Physics & Applications Division, Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hsueh FC, Chen D, Rajeshkumar T, Scopelliti R, Maron L, Mazzanti M. Two-Electron Redox Reactivity of Thorium Supported by Redox-Active Tripodal Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317346. [PMID: 38100190 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
The high stability of the + IVoxidation state limits thorium redox reactivity. Here we report the synthesis and the redox reactivity of two Th(IV) complexes supported by the arene-tethered tris(siloxide) tripodal ligands [(KOSiR2 Ar)3 -arene)]. The two-electron reduction of these Th(IV) complexes generates the doubly reduced [KTh((OSi(Ot Bu)2 Ar)3 -arene)(THF)2 ] (2OtBu ) and [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Th((OSiPh2 Ar)3 -arene)(THF)2 ](2Ph -crypt) where the formal oxidation state of Th is +II. Structural and computational studies indicate that the reduction occurred at the arene anchor of the ligand. The robust tripodal frameworks store in the arene anchor two electrons that become available at the metal center for the two-electron reduction of a broad range of substrates (N2 O, COT, CHT, Ph2 N2 , Ph3 PS and O2 ) while retaining the ligand framework. This work shows that arene-tethered tris(siloxide) tripodal ligands allow implementation of two-electron redox chemistry at the thorium center while retaining the ligand framework unchanged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Che Hsueh
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Chen
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baker CF, Seed JA, Adams RW, Lee D, Liddle ST. 13C carbene nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift analysis confirms Ce IV[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bonding in cerium(iv)-diphosphonioalkylidene complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 15:238-249. [PMID: 38131084 PMCID: PMC10732143 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diphosphonioalkylidene dianions have emerged as highly effective ligands for lanthanide and actinide ions, and the resulting formal metal-carbon double bonds have challenged and developed conventional thinking about f-element bond multiplicity and covalency. However, f-element-diphosphonioalkylidene complexes can be represented by several resonance forms that render their metal-carbon double bond status unclear. Here, we report an experimentally-validated 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance computational assessment of two cerium(iv)-diphosphonioalkylidene complexes, [Ce(BIPMTMS)(ODipp)2] (1, BIPMTMS = {C(PPh2NSiMe3)2}2-; Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) and [Ce(BIPMTMS)2] (2). Decomposing the experimental alkylidene chemical shifts into their corresponding calculated shielding (σ) tensor components verifies that these complexes exhibit Ce[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bonds. Strong magnetic coupling of Ce[double bond, length as m-dash]C σ/π* and π/σ* orbitals produces strongly deshielded σ11 values, a characteristic hallmark of alkylidenes, and the largest 13C chemical shift tensor spans of any alkylidene complex to date (1, 801 ppm; 2, 810 ppm). In contrast, the phosphonium-substituent shielding contributions are much smaller than the Ce[double bond, length as m-dash]C σ- and π-bond components. This study confirms significant Ce 4f-orbital contributions to the Ce[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonding, provides further support for a previously proposed inverse-trans-influence in 2, and reveals variance in the 4f spin-orbit contributions that relate to the alkylidene hybridisation. This work thus confirms the metal-carbon double bond credentials of f-element-diphosphonioalkylidenes, providing quantified benchmarks for understanding diphosphonioalkylidene bonding generally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron F Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ralph W Adams
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tricoire M, Jori N, Fadaei Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Z Ivković I, Natrajan LS, Mazzanti M. A trinuclear metallasilsesquioxane of uranium(III). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:55-58. [PMID: 38015470 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05390c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The silsesquioxane ligand (iBu)7Si7O9(OH)3 (iBuPOSSH3) is revealed as an attractive system for the assembly of robust polynuclear complexes of uranium(III) and allowed the isolation of the first example of a trinuclear U(III) complex ([U3(iBuPOSS)3]) that exhibits magnetic communication and promotes dinitrogen reduction in the presence of reducing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tricoire
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
| | - Nadir Jori
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- X-ray Diffraction and Surface Analytics Platform, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- X-ray Diffraction and Surface Analytics Platform, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ivica Z Ivković
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Louise S Natrajan
- Centre for Radiochemistry Resesarch, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deng C, Liang J, Sun R, Wang Y, Fu PX, Wang BW, Gao S, Huang W. Accessing five oxidation states of uranium in a retained ligand framework. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4657. [PMID: 37537160 PMCID: PMC10400547 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding and exploiting the redox properties of uranium is of great importance because uranium has a wide range of possible oxidation states and holds great potential for small molecule activation and catalysis. However, it remains challenging to stabilise both low and high-valent uranium ions in a preserved ligand environment. Herein we report the synthesis and characterisation of a series of uranium(II-VI) complexes supported by a tripodal tris(amido)arene ligand. In addition, one- or two-electron redox transformations could be achieved with these compounds. Moreover, combined experimental and theoretical studies unveiled that the ambiphilic uranium-arene interactions are the key to balance the stabilisation of low and high-valent uranium, with the anchoring arene acting as a δ acceptor or a π donor. Our results reinforce the design strategy to incorporate metal-arene interactions in stabilising multiple oxidation states, and open up new avenues to explore the redox chemistry of uranium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Rong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Xiang Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Spin-X Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Carpenter S, Klamm BE, Fetrow TV, Scott BL, Gaunt AJ, Anderson NH, Tondreau AM. Chlorination of Pu and U Metal Using GaCl 3. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8462-8466. [PMID: 37220066 PMCID: PMC10246562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative chlorination of the plutonium metal was achieved through a reaction with gallium(III) chloride (GaCl3). In DME (DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) as the solvent, substoichiometric (2.8 equiv) amounts of GaCl3 were added, which consumed roughly 60% of the plutonium metal over the course of 10 days. The salt species [PuCl2(dme)3][GaCl4] was isolated as pale-purple crystals, and both solid-state and solution UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies were consistent with the formation of a trivalent plutonium complex. The analogous reaction was performed with uranium metal, generating a dicationic trivalent uranium complex crystallized as the [UCl(dme)3][GaCl4]2 salt. The extraction of [UCl(dme)3][GaCl4]2 in DME at 70 °C followed by crystallization produced [{U(dme)3}2(μ-Cl3)][GaCl4]3, a product arising from the loss of GaCl3. This method of halogenation worked on a small scale for plutonium and uranium, providing a route to cationic Pu3+ and dicationic U3+ complexes using GaCl3 in DME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie
H. Carpenter
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Bonnie E. Klamm
- Pit
Technologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Taylor V. Fetrow
- Pit
Technologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Brian L. Scott
- Materials
and Physics Applications Division, Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew J. Gaunt
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nickolas H. Anderson
- Pit
Technologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Aaron M. Tondreau
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hsueh FC, Rajeshkumar T, Kooij B, Scopelliti R, Severin K, Maron L, Zivkovic I, Mazzanti M. Bonding and Reactivity in Terminal versus Bridging Arenide Complexes of Thorium Acting as Th II Synthons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215846. [PMID: 36576035 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thorium redox chemistry is extremely scarce due to the high stability of ThIV . Here we report two unique examples of thorium arenide complexes prepared by reduction of a ThIV -siloxide complex in presence of naphthalene, the mononuclear arenide complex [K(OSi(Ot Bu)3 )3 Th(η6 -C10 H8 )] (1) and the inverse-sandwich complex [K(OSi(Ot Bu)3 )3 Th]2 (μ-η6 ,η6 -C10 H8 )] (2). The electrons stored in these complexes allow the reduction of a broad range of substrates (N2 O, AdN3 , CO2 , HBBN). Higher reactivity was found for the complex 1 which reacts with the diazoolefin IDipp=CN2 to yield the unexpected ThIV amidoalkynyl complex 5 via a terminal N-heterocyclic vinylidene intermediate. This work showed that arenides can act as convenient redox-active ligands for implementing thorium-ligand cooperative multielectron transfer and that the reactivity can be tuned by the arenide binding mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Che Hsueh
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Bastiaan Kooij
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Ivica Zivkovic
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xin X, Douair I, Zhao Y, Wang S, Maron L, Zhu C. Dinitrogen cleavage and hydrogenation to ammonia with a uranium complex. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac144. [PMID: 36950222 PMCID: PMC10026940 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Haber-Bosch process produces ammonia (NH3) from dinitrogen (N2) and dihydrogen (H2), but requires high temperature and pressure. Before iron-based catalysts were exploited in the current industrial Haber-Bosch process, uranium-based materials served as effective catalysts for production of NH3 from N2. Although some molecular uranium complexes are known to be capable of combining with N2, further hydrogenation with H2 forming NH3 has not been reported to date. Here, we describe the first example of N2 cleavage and hydrogenation with H2 to NH3 with a molecular uranium complex. The N2 cleavage product contains three uranium centers that are bridged by three imido μ 2-NH ligands and one nitrido μ 3-N ligand. Labeling experiments with 15N demonstrate that the nitrido ligand in the product originates from N2. Reaction of the N2-cleaved complex with H2 or H+ forms NH3 under mild conditions. A synthetic cycle has been established by the reaction of the N2-cleaved complex with trimethylsilyl chloride. The isolation of this trinuclear imido-nitrido product implies that a multi-metallic uranium assembly plays an important role in the activation of N2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gransbury GK, Réant BLL, Wooles AJ, Emerson-King J, Chilton NF, Liddle ST, Mills DP. Electronic structure comparisons of isostructural early d- and f-block metal(iii) bis(cyclopentadienyl) silanide complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:621-634. [PMID: 36741509 PMCID: PMC9847655 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of the U(iii) bis(cyclopentadienyl) hypersilanide complex [U(Cp'')2{Si(SiMe3)3}] (Cp'' = {C5H3(SiMe3)2-1,3}), together with isostructural lanthanide and group 4 M(iii) homologues, in order to meaningfully compare metal-silicon bonding between early d- and f-block metals. All complexes were characterised by a combination of NMR, EPR, UV-vis-NIR and ATR-IR spectroscopies, single crystal X-ray diffraction, SQUID magnetometry, elemental analysis and ab initio calculations. We find that for the [M(Cp'')2{Si(SiMe3)3}] (M = Ti, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, U) series the unique anisotropy axis is conserved tangential to ; this is governed by the hypersilanide ligand for the d-block complexes to give easy plane anisotropy, whereas the easy axis is fixed by the two Cp'' ligands in f-block congeners. This divergence is attributed to hypersilanide acting as a strong σ-donor and weak π-acceptor with the d-block metals, whilst f-block metals show predominantly electrostatic bonding with weaker π-components. We make qualitative comparisons on the strength of covalency to derive the ordering Zr > Ti ≫ U > Nd ≈ Ce ≈ La in these complexes, using a combination of analytical techniques. The greater covalency of 5f3 U(iii) vs. 4f3 Nd(iii) is found by comparison of their EPR and electronic absorption spectra and magnetic measurements, with calculations indicating that uranium 5f orbitals have weak π-bonding interactions with both the silanide and Cp'' ligands, in addition to weak δ-antibonding with Cp''.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma K Gransbury
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Benjamin L L Réant
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Jack Emerson-King
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David P Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu K, Guo Y, Yu J, Shi W. Research Progress of Actinide Single Molecule Magnets. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/a22110471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
18
|
Carpenter SH, Wolford NJ, Billow BS, Fetrow TV, Cajiao N, Radović A, Janicke MT, Neidig ML, Tondreau AM. Homoleptic Uranium-Bis(acyl)phosphide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12508-12517. [PMID: 35905438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first uranium bis(acyl)phosphide (BAP) complexes were synthesized from the reaction between sodium bis(mesitoyl)phosphide (Na(mesBAP)) or sodium bis(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)phosphide (Na(trippBAP)) and UI3(1,4-dioxane)1.5. Thermally stable, homoleptic BAP complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, when appropriate, for the elucidation of the electronic structure and bonding of these complexes. EPR spectroscopy revealed that the BAP ligands on the uranium center retain a significant amount of electron density. The EPR spectrum of the trivalent U(trippBAP)3 has a rhombic signal near g = 2 (g1 = 2.03; g2 = 2.01; and g3 = 1.98) that is consistent with the EPR-observed unpaired electron being located in a molecular orbital that appears ligand-derived. However, upon warming the complex to room temperature, no resonance was observed, indicating the presence of uranium character.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikki J Wolford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Brennan S Billow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Taylor V Fetrow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nathalia Cajiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Aleksa Radović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Michael T Janicke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Aaron M Tondreau
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Löffler ST, Heinemann FW, Carpentier A, Maron L, Meyer K. Molecular and Electronic Structure of Linear Uranium Metallocenes Stabilized by Pentabenzyl-Cyclopentadienyl Ligands. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha T. Löffler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- CNRS, & INSA, LPCNO, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, & INSA, LPCNO, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Photochemical Synthesis of Transition Metal-Stabilized Uranium(VI) Nitride Complexes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3809. [PMID: 35778419 PMCID: PMC9249861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31582-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranium nitrides play important roles in dinitrogen activation and functionalization and in chemistry for nuclear fuels, but the synthesis and isolation of the highly reactive uranium(VI) nitrides remains challenging. Here, we report an example of transition metal (TM) stabilized U(VI) nitride complexes, which are generated by the photolysis of azide-bridged U(IV)-TM (TM = Rh, Ir) precursors. The U(V) nitride intermediates with bridged azide ligands are isolated successfully by careful control of the irradiation time, suggesting that the photolysis of azide-bridged U(IV)-TM precursors is a stepwise process. The presence of two U(VI) nitrides stabilized by three TMs is clearly demonstrated by an X-ray crystallographic study. These TM stabilized U(V) nitride intermediates and U(VI) nitride products exhibit excellent stability both in the solid-state and in THF solution under ambient light. Density functional theory calculations show that the photolysis necessary to break the N-N bond of the azide ligands implies excitation from uranium f-orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), as suggested by the strong antibonding N-(N2) character present in the latter.
Collapse
|
21
|
Goodwin CAP, Wooles AJ, Murillo J, Lu E, Boronski JT, Scott BL, Gaunt AJ, Liddle ST. Carbene Complexes of Neptunium. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9764-9774. [PMID: 35609882 PMCID: PMC9490846 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Since the advent
of organotransuranium chemistry six decades ago,
structurally verified complexes remain restricted to π-bonded
carbocycle and σ-bonded hydrocarbyl derivatives. Thus, transuranium-carbon
multiple or dative bonds are yet to be reported. Here, utilizing diphosphoniomethanide
precursors we report the synthesis and characterization of transuranium-carbene
derivatives, namely, diphosphonio-alkylidene- and N-heterocyclic carbene–neptunium(III) complexes that exhibit
polarized-covalent σ2π2 multiple
and dative σ2 single transuranium-carbon bond interactions,
respectively. The reaction of [NpIIII3(THF)4] with [Rb(BIPMTMSH)] (BIPMTMSH = {HC(PPh2NSiMe3)2}1–) affords
[(BIPMTMSH)NpIII(I)2(THF)] (3Np) in situ, and subsequent treatment with the N-heterocyclic carbene {C(NMeCMe)2} (IMe4) allows
isolation of [(BIPMTMSH)NpIII(I)2(IMe4)] (4Np). Separate treatment of in situ
prepared 3Np with benzyl potassium in 1,2-dimethoxyethane
(DME) affords [(BIPMTMS)NpIII(I)(DME)] (5Np, BIPMTMS = {C(PPh2NSiMe3)2}2–). Analogously, addition of benzyl
potassium and IMe4 to 4Np gives [(BIPMTMS)NpIII(I)(IMe4)2] (6Np). The synthesis of 3Np–6Np was facilitated by adopting a scaled-down prechoreographed approach
using cerium synthetic surrogates. The thorium(III) and uranium(III)
analogues of these neptunium(III) complexes are currently unavailable,
meaning that the synthesis of 4Np–6Np provides an example of experimental grounding of 5f- vs 5f- and
5f- vs 4f-element bonding and reactivity comparisons being led by
nonaqueous transuranium chemistry rather than thorium and uranium
congeners. Computational analysis suggests that these NpIII=C bonds are more covalent than UIII=C,
CeIII=C, and PmIII=C congeners
but comparable to analogous UIV=C bonds in terms
of bond orders and total metal contributions to the M=C bonds.
A preliminary assessment of NpIII=C reactivity has
introduced multiple bond metathesis to transuranium chemistry, extending
the range of known metallo-Wittig reactions to encompass actinide
oxidation states III-VI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad A P Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.,Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jesse Murillo
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Erli Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Josef T Boronski
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Barluzzi L, Jori N, He T, Rajeshkumar T, Scopelliti R, Maron L, Oyala P, Agapie T, Mazzanti M. Heterometallic uranium/molybdenum nitride synthesis via partial N-atom transfer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4655-4658. [PMID: 35319046 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00473a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a terminal Mo(II) nitride with a U(III) complex yields a heterodimetallic U-Mo nitride which is the first example of a transition metal-capped uranium nitride. The nitride is triply bonded to U(V) and singly bonded to Mo(0) and supports a U-Mo interaction. This compound shows reactivity toward CO oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Barluzzi
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nadir Jori
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Tianyi He
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Paul Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Modder DK, Batov MS, Rajeshkumar T, Sienkiewicz A, Zivkovic I, Scopelliti R, Maron L, Mazzanti M. Assembling Diuranium Complexes in Different States of Charge with a Bridging Redox-Active Ligand. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11294-11303. [PMID: 36320571 PMCID: PMC9533398 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03592h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical-bridged diuranium complexes are desirable for their potential high exchange coupling and single molecule magnet (SMM) behavior, but remain rare. Here we report for the first time radical-bridged diuranium(iv) and diuranium(iii) complexes. Reaction of [U{N(SiMe3)2}3] with 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpym) resulted in the formation of the bpym-bridged diuranium(iv) complex [{((Me3Si)2N)3UIV}2(μ-bpym2−)], 1. Reduction with 1 equiv. KC8 reduces the complex, affording [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][{((Me3Si)2N)3U}2(μ-bpym)], 2, which is best described as a radical-bridged UIII–bpym˙−–UIII complex. Further reduction of 1 with 2 equiv. KC8, affords [K(2.2.2-cryptand)]2[{((Me3Si)2N)3UIII}2(μ-bpym2−)], 3. Addition of AgBPh4 to complex 1 resulted in the oxidation of the ligand, yielding the radical-bridged complex [{((Me3Si)2N)3UIV}2(μ-bpym˙−)][BPh4], 4. X-ray crystallography, electrochemistry, susceptibility data, EPR and DFT/CASSCF calculations are in line with their assignments. In complexes 2 and 4 the presence of the radical-bridge leads to slow magnetic relaxation. Convenient routes to dinuclear complexes of uranium where two uranium centers are bridged by the redox-active ligand bpym were identified resulting in unique and stable radical-bridged dimetallic complexes of U(iii) and U(iv) showing SMM behaviour.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieuwertje K Modder
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Mikhail S Batov
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Cedex 4 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Andrzej Sienkiewicz
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- ADSresonances Sàrl Route de Genève 60B 1028 Préverenges Switzerland
| | - Ivica Zivkovic
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Cedex 4 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Goodwin CAP, Janicke MT, Scott BL, Gaunt AJ. [AnI 3(THF) 4] (An = Np, Pu) Preparation Bypassing An 0 Metal Precursors: Access to Np 3+/Pu 3+ Nonaqueous and Organometallic Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20680-20696. [PMID: 34854294 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Direct comparison of homologous molecules provides a foundation from which to elucidate both subtle and patent changes in reactivity patterns, redox processes, and bonding properties across a series of elements. While trivalent molecular U chemistry is richly developed, analogous Np or Pu research has long been hindered by synthetic routes often requiring scarcely available metallic-phase source material, high-temperature solid-state reactions producing poorly soluble binary halides, or the use of pyrophoric reagents. The development of routes to nonaqueous Np3+/Pu3+ from widely available precursors can potentially transform the scope and pace of research into actinide periodicity. Here, aqueous stocks of An4+ (An = Np, Pu) are dehydrated to well-defined [AnCl4(DME)2] (DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane), and then a single-step halide exchange/reduction employing Me3SiI produces [AnI3(THF)4] (THF = tetrahydrofuran) in a high to nearly quantitative crystalline yield (with I2 and Me3SiCl as easily removed byproducts). We demonstrate the synthetic utility of these An-iodide molecules, prepared by metal0-free routes, through characterization of archetypal complexes including the tris-silylamide, [Np{N(SiMe3)2}3], and bent metallocenes, [An(C5Me5)2(I)(THF)] (An = Np, Pu)─chosen because both motifs are ubiquitous in Th, U, and lanthanide research. The synthesis of [Np{N(Se═PPh2)2}3] is also reported, completing an isomorphous series that now extends from U to Am and is the first characterized Np3+-Se bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad A P Goodwin
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Michael T Janicke
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials Physics & Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Novikov VV, Nelyubina YV. Modern physical methods for the molecular design of single-molecule magnets. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Many paramagnetic metal complexes have emerged as unique magnetic materials (single-molecule magnets), which behave as conventional magnets at the single-molecule level, thereby making it possible to use them in modern devices for data storage and processing. The rational design of these complexes, however, requires a deep understanding of the physical laws behind a single-molecule magnet behaviour, the mechanisms of magnetic relaxation that determines the magnetic properties and the relationship of these properties with the structure of single-molecule magnets. This review focuses on the physical methods providing such understanding, including different versions and various combinations of magnetometry, electron paramagnetic and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Many of these methods are traditionally used to determine the composition and structure of new chemical compounds. However, they are rarely applied to study molecular magnetism.
The bibliography includes 224 references.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The application of core-to-core (3d-to-4f) resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected x-ray absorption (HERFD-XAS) at actinide M4,5 edges, as techniques with the enhanced sensitivity to changes in the chemical state, was analyzed for trivalent actinide compounds. As an example, a series of actinide chlorides AnCl3 (An = U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, and Cf) was used. The crystal-field multiplet formalism was applied to calculate the 3d-4f RIXS maps, and the HERFD-XAS spectra were extracted as cuts of these RIXS maps along the incident energy axis at the constant emitted energy, corresponding to the maximum of the RIXS intensity. A relation between HERFD and conventional XAS methods was also examined. Despite some differences between profiles of the An M5 HERFD and conventional XAS spectra of trivalent actinides, the results of calculations indicate that the HERFD method can be used at the An M5 edge for monitoring even small variations in the An chemical state. As a whole, better agreement between the HERFD and XAS spectra was found for the An M4 edges as compared to the An M5 edges. By using the point charge electrostatic model, the dependence of the An M4,5 HERFD-XAS spectra on the An coordination number was studied, which indicates the significant sensitivity of the distribution of the An 5f states to the ligand structural arrangement around the An sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei M Butorin
- Condensed Matter Physics of Energy Materials, X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Evidence for ligand- and solvent-induced disproportionation of uranium(IV). Nat Commun 2021; 12:4832. [PMID: 34376682 PMCID: PMC8355312 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Disproportionation, where a chemical element converts its oxidation state to two different ones, one higher and one lower, underpins the fundamental chemistry of metal ions. The overwhelming majority of uranium disproportionations involve uranium(III) and (V), with a singular example of uranium(IV) to uranium(V/III) disproportionation known, involving a nitride to imido/triflate transformation. Here, we report a conceptually opposite disproportionation of uranium(IV)-imido complexes to uranium(V)-nitride/uranium(III)-amide mixtures. This is facilitated by benzene, but not toluene, since benzene engages in a redox reaction with the uranium(III)-amide product to give uranium(IV)-amide and reduced arene. These disproportionations occur with potassium, rubidium, and cesium counter cations, but not lithium or sodium, reflecting the stability of the corresponding alkali metal-arene by-products. This reveals an exceptional level of ligand- and solvent-control over a key thermodynamic property of uranium, and is complementary to isolobal uranium(V)-oxo disproportionations, suggesting a potentially wider prevalence possibly with broad implications for the chemistry of uranium.
Collapse
|
28
|
Su W, Ma Y, Xiang L, Wang J, Wang S, Zhao L, Frenking G, Ye Q. Isolation of a Uranium(III)-Carbon Multiple Bond Complex. Chemistry 2021; 27:10006-10011. [PMID: 33913186 PMCID: PMC8362146 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent uranium-element multiple bond complexes remain scarce, though there is burgeoning interest regarding to their bonding and reactivity. Herein, isolation of a uranium(III)-carbon double bond complex [(Cp*)2 U(CDP)](BPh4 ) (1) comprising a tridentate carbodiphosphorane (CDP) was reported for the first time. Oxidation of 1 afforded the corresponding U(IV) complex [(Cp*)2 U(CDP)](BPh4 )2 (2). The distance between U and C in 2 is 2.481 Å, indicating the existence of a typical U=C double bond, which is further confirmed by quantum chemical calculations. Bonding analysis suggested that the CDP also serves as both σ- and π-donor in complex 1, though a longer U-C bond (2.666(3) Å) is observed. It implies that 1 is the first isolable mononuclear uranium(III) carbene complex. Moreover, these results suggest that CDPs are promising ligands to establish other low-valent f-block metal-carbon multiple bond complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Su
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| | - Yanshun Ma
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University211816NanjingChina
| | - Libo Xiang
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD−X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSooChow University199 Ren'ai Road215123SuzhouChina
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University211816NanjingChina
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University211816NanjingChina
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lu JB, Cantu DC, Xu CQ, Nguyen MT, Hu HS, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R, Li J. Norm-Conserving Pseudopotentials and Basis Sets to Explore Actinide Chemistry in Complex Environments. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3360-3371. [PMID: 34032441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new set of norm-conserving pseudopotentials and companion Gaussian basis sets for the actinide (An) series (Ac-Lr) using the Goedecker, Teter, and Hutter (GTH) formalism with the Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional of generalized gradient approximation. To test the accuracy and reliability of the newly parameterized An-GTH pseudopotentials and basis sets, a variety of benchmarks on actinide-containing molecules were carried out and compared to all-electron and available experimental results. The new pseudopotentials include both medium- ([Xe]4f14) and large-core ([Xe]4f145d10) options that successfully reproduce the structures and energetics, particularly redox processes. The medium-core size set, in particular, reproduces all-electron calculations over multiple oxidation states from 0 to VII, whereas the large-core set is suitable only for the early series elements and low oxidation states. The underlying reason for these transferability issues is discussed in detail. This work fills a critical void in the literature for studying the chemistry of 5f-block elements in the condensed phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - David C Cantu
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Basic and Applied Molecular Foundations, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou
- Basic and Applied Molecular Foundations, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Basic and Applied Molecular Foundations, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Anomalous magnetism of uranium(IV)-oxo and -imido complexes reveals unusual doubly degenerate electronic ground states. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
31
|
Zhang L, Zhou H, Bai S, Li S. A benzene-bridged divanadium complex-early transition metal catalyst for alkene alkylarylation with PhI(O 2CR) 2via decarboxylation. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3201-3206. [PMID: 33576352 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of a benzene-bridged divanadium complex were comprehensively studied. The reduction of (Nacnac)VCl2 (1) (Nacnac = (2,6-iPr2C6H3NCMe)2HC) supported by β-diketiminate with potassium graphite (KC8) by employing benzene as the solvent allows access to the benzene-bridged inverted-sandwich divanadium complex (μ-η6:η6-C6H6)[V(Nacnac)]2 (2a), which can catalyze alkene alkylarylation with hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents (HIRs) via decarboxylation to generate regioselectively diverse indolinones. Furthermore, the mild nature of this reaction was amenable to a wide range of functionalities on alkenes and HIRs. Mechanistic studies revealed a relay sequence of decarboxylative radical alkylation/radical arylation/oxidative re-aromatization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Hongfei Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Shaokun Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Shaodan Li
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu C, Liang J, Deng C, Lefèvre G, Cantat T, Diaconescu PL, Huang W. Arene-Bridged Dithorium Complexes: Inverse Sandwiches Supported by a δ Bonding Interaction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21292-21297. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chong Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guillaume Lefèvre
- i-CLeHS CSB2D, CNRS/Chimie ParisTech, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thibault Cantat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Paula L. Diaconescu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Electronic structure and magnetic properties of naphthalene- and stilbene-diimide-bridged diuranium(V) complexes: a theoretical study. J Mol Model 2020; 26:282. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
34
|
Xin X, Douair I, Zhao Y, Wang S, Maron L, Zhu C. Dinitrogen Cleavage by a Heterometallic Cluster Featuring Multiple Uranium–Rhodium Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15004-15011. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Paprocki V, Hrobárik P, Harriman KLM, Luff MS, Kupfer T, Kaupp M, Murugesu M, Braunschweig H. Ein neutrales 1,4‐Diborabenzol als π‐Ligand in Actinoidkomplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Paprocki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Institut für Chemie Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7 Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University 84215 Bratislava Slowakei
| | - Katie L. M. Harriman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa 10 Marie Curie Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Kanada
| | - Martin S. Luff
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Thomas Kupfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7 Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa 10 Marie Curie Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Kanada
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Paprocki V, Hrobárik P, Harriman KLM, Luff MS, Kupfer T, Kaupp M, Murugesu M, Braunschweig H. Stable Actinide π Complexes of a Neutral 1,4-Diborabenzene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13109-13115. [PMID: 32329111 PMCID: PMC7496575 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The π coordination of arene and anionic heteroarene ligands is a ubiquitous bonding motif in the organometallic chemistry of d-block and f-block elements. By contrast, related π interactions of neutral heteroarenes including neutral bora-π-aromatics are less prevalent particularly for the f-block, due to less effective metal-to-ligand backbonding. In fact, π complexes with neutral heteroarene ligands are essentially unknown for the actinides. We have now overcome these limitations by exploiting the exceptionally strong π donor capabilities of a neutral 1,4-diborabenzene. A series of remarkably robust, π-coordinated thorium(IV) and uranium(IV) half-sandwich complexes were synthesized by simply combining the bora-π-aromatic with ThCl4 (dme)2 or UCl4 , representing the first examples of actinide complexes with a neutral boracycle as sandwich-type ligand. Experimental and computational studies showed that the strong actinide-heteroarene interactions are predominately electrostatic in nature with distinct ligand-to-metal π donation and without significant π/δ backbonding contributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Paprocki
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Institut für ChemieTheoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität BerlinStraße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesComenius University84215BratislavaSlovakia
| | - Katie L. M. Harriman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of Ottawa10 Marie CurieOttawaOntarioK1N 6N5Canada
| | - Martin S. Luff
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Thomas Kupfer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für ChemieTheoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität BerlinStraße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of Ottawa10 Marie CurieOttawaOntarioK1N 6N5Canada
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Boreen MA, Gould CA, Booth CH, Hohloch S, Arnold J. Structure and magnetism of a tetrahedral uranium(iii) β-diketiminate complex. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7938-7944. [PMID: 32495782 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01599g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the functionalisation of the previously reported uranium(iii) β-diketiminate complex (BDI)UI2(THF)2 (1) with one and two equivalents of a sterically demanding 2,6-diisopropylphenolate ligand (ODipp) leading to the formation of two heteroleptic complexes: [(BDI)UI(ODipp)]2 (2) and (BDI)U(ODipp)2 (3). The latter is a rare example of a tetrahedral uranium(iii) complex, and it shows single-molecule magnet behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Boreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Xin‐Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhu XQ, Cao WH, Su SD, Wu XT, Sheng TL. Effects of ligand substituents on the single-molecule magnetic behavior of quinonoid-bridged dicobalt compounds. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6738-6743. [PMID: 32373806 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of quinonoid-bridged dicobalt compounds [(N4Co)2LX](ClO4)2 (1-4) (X = H, Cl, Br and OMe; N4 = 1,4,7,10-tetrabenzyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) are synthesized and well characterized. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the coordination geometry of one side Co in compounds 1-4 changes from a triangular prism to distorted octahedron with a change in the bridged-ligand substituent. Magnetic measurements show that compounds 1 and 3 exhibit single-molecule magnetic behavior. Magneto-structural analyses indicate that the difference in the relaxation barrier U between the four compounds results from the different orientations of the anisotropy axes of the two Co centers in the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Palumbo CT, Scopelliti R, Zivkovic I, Mazzanti M. C-H Bond Activation by an Isolated Dinuclear U(III)/U(IV) Nitride. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3149-3157. [PMID: 31940182 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic studies of bimetallic uranium nitride complexes with the N(SiMe3)2 ligand have generated a new nitride complex of U(III), which is highly reactive toward C-H bonds and H2. Treatment of the previously reported U(IV)/U(IV) nitride complex [Na(DME)3][((Me3Si)2N)2U(μ-N)(μ-κ2:CN̵-CH2SiMe2NSiMe3)U(N(SiMe3)2)2] (DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane), 1, with 2 equiv of HNEt3BPh3 yielded the cationic U(IV)/U(IV) nitride complex, [{((Me3Si)2N)2U(THF)}2(μ-N)][BPh4] (THF = tetrahydrofuran), 3, by successive protonolysis of one N(SiMe3)2 ligand and the uranium-methylene bond. Reduction of 3 with KC8 afforded a rare example of a U(III) nitride, namely, the U(III)/U(IV) complex, [{((Me3Si)2N)2U(THF)}2(μ-N)], 4. Complex 4 is highly reactive and undergoes 1,2-addition of the C-H bond of the N(SiMe3)2 ligand across the uranium-nitride moiety to give the U(III)/U(IV) imide cyclometalate complex, [((Me3Si)2N)2(THF)U(μ-NH)(μ-κ2:C,N̵-CH2SiMe2NSiMe3)U(N(SiMe3)2))(THF)], 5. Complex 4 also reacts with toluene at -80 °C to yield an inverse sandwich imide complex arising from C-H bond activation of toluene, [{((Me3Si)2N)2U(THF)}2(μ-N)][{((Me3Si)2N)3U(μ-NH)U(N(SiMe3)2)}2(C7H8)], 6. Complex 4 effects the heterolytic cleavage of the C-H of phenylacetylene to yield the imide acetylide [{((Me3Si)2N)2U(THF)}2(μ-N)][((Me3Si)2N)2U(η1-CCPh)(μ2-NH)(μ2-η2:η1-CCPh)U(N(SiMe3)2)2], 7. Complex 4 also reacts with H2 to produce an imide hydride U(III)/U(IV) complex, [{((Me3Si)2N)2U(THF)}2(μ-NH)(μ-H)], 9. These data demonstrate that nitride complexes of U(III) are accessible with amide ligands and show the high reactivity of molecular U(III) nitrides in C-H bond activation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Boreen MA, Arnold J. The synthesis and versatile reducing power of low-valent uranium complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15124-15138. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03151h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This synthesis and diverse reactivity of uranium(iii) and uranium(ii) complexes is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Boreen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
- Chemical Sciences Division
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
- Chemical Sciences Division
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Boronski JT, Doyle LR, Seed JA, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. f-Element Half-Sandwich Complexes: A Tetrasilylcyclobutadienyl-Uranium(IV)-Tris(tetrahydroborate) Anion Pianostool Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:295-299. [PMID: 31724808 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite there being numerous examples of f-element compounds supported by cyclopentadienyl, arene, cycloheptatrienyl, and cyclooctatetraenyl ligands (C5-8 ), cyclobutadienyl (C4 ) complexes remain exceedingly rare. Here, we report that reaction of [Li2 {C4 (SiMe3 )4 }(THF)2 ] (1) with [U(BH4 )3 (THF)2 ] (2) gives the pianostool complex [U{C4 (SiMe3 )4 }(BH4 )3 ][Li(THF)4 ] (3), where use of a borohydride and preformed C4 -unit circumvents difficulties in product isolation and closing a C4 -ring at uranium. Complex 3 is an unprecedented example of an f-element half-sandwich cyclobutadienyl complex, and it is only the second example of an actinide-cyclobutadienyl complex, the other being an inverse-sandwich. The U-C distances are short (av. 2.513 Å), reflecting the formal 2- charge of the C4 -unit, and the SiMe3 groups are displaced from the C4 -plane, which we propose maximises U-C4 orbital overlap. DFT calculations identify two quasi-degenerate U-C4 π-bonds utilising the ψ2 and ψ3 molecular orbitals of the C4 -unit, but the potential δ-bond using the ψ4 orbital is vacant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef T Boronski
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Laurence R Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Boronski JT, Doyle LR, Seed JA, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. f‐Element Half‐Sandwich Complexes: A Tetrasilylcyclobutadienyl–Uranium(IV)–Tris(tetrahydroborate) Anion Pianostool Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef T. Boronski
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Laurence R. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - John A. Seed
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pedersen KS, Meihaus KR, Rogalev A, Wilhelm F, Aravena D, Amoza M, Ruiz E, Long JR, Bendix J, Clérac R. [UF
6
]
2−
: A Molecular Hexafluorido Actinide(IV) Complex with Compensating Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper S. Pedersen
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 33600 Pessac France
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Katie R. Meihaus
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF–The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF–The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales Facultad de Química y Biología Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) Casilla 40, Correo 33 Santiago Chile
| | - Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional Universitat de Barcelona Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional Universitat de Barcelona Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jeffrey R. Long
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031 33600 Pessac France
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Magnall R, Balázs G, Lu E, Kern M, Slageren J, Tuna F, Wooles AJ, Scheer M, Liddle ST. Photolytic and Reductive Activations of 2‐Arsaethynolate in a Uranium–Triamidoamine Complex: Decarbonylative Arsenic‐Group Transfer Reactions and Trapping of a Highly Bent and Reduced Form. Chemistry 2019; 25:14246-14252. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Magnall
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstr.31 Regensburg 93053 Germany
| | - Erli Lu
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Michal Kern
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
| | - Joris Slageren
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science InstituteThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstr.31 Regensburg 93053 Germany
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Palumbo CT, Barluzzi L, Scopelliti R, Zivkovic I, Fabrizio A, Corminboeuf C, Mazzanti M. Tuning the structure, reactivity and magnetic communication of nitride-bridged uranium complexes with the ancillary ligands. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8840-8849. [PMID: 31803458 PMCID: PMC6853081 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02149c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactivity of the nitride ligand is increased in complexes of uranium(iv) when bound by the OSi(OtBu)3 ligand as opposed to N(SiMe3)2, but magnetic exchange coupling is decreased.
Molecular uranium nitride complexes were prepared to relate their small molecule reactivity to the nature of the U
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
N
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
U bonding imposed by the supporting ligand. The U4+–U4+ nitride complexes, [NBu4][{((tBuO)3SiO)3U}2(μ-N)], [NBu4]-1, and [NBu4][((Me3Si)2N)3U}2(μ-N)], 2, were synthesised by reacting NBu4N3 with the U3+ complexes, [U(OSi(OtBu)3)2(μ-OSi(OtBu)3)]2 and [U(N(SiMe3)2)3], respectively. Oxidation of 2 with AgBPh4 gave the U4+–U5+ analogue, [((Me3Si)2N)3U}2(μ-N)], 4. The previously reported methylene-bridged U4+–U4+ nitride [Na(dme)3][((Me3Si)2)2U(μ-N)(μ-κ2-C,N-CH2SiMe2NSiMe3)U(N(SiMe3)2)2] (dme = 1,2-dimethoxyethane), [Na(dme)3]-3, provided a versatile precursor for the synthesis of the mixed-ligand U4+–U4+ nitride complex, [Na(dme)3][((Me3Si)2N)3U(μ-N)U(N(SiMe3)2)(OSi(OtBu)3)], 5. The reactivity of the 1–5 complexes was assessed with CO2, CO, and H2. Complex [NBu4]-1 displays similar reactivity to the previously reported heterobimetallic complex, [Cs{((tBuO)3SiO)3U}2(μ-N)], [Cs]-1, whereas the amide complexes 2 and 4 are unreactive with these substrates. The mixed-ligand complexes 3 and 5 react with CO and CO2 but not H2. The nitride complexes [NBu4]-1, 2, 4, and 5 along with their small molecule activation products were structurally characterized. Magnetic data measured for the all-siloxide complexes [NBu4]-1 and [Cs]-1 show uncoupled uranium centers, while strong antiferromagnetic coupling was found in complexes containing amide ligands, namely 2 and 5 (with maxima in the χ versus T plot of 90 K and 55 K). Computational analysis indicates that the U(μ-N) bond order decreases with the introduction of oxygen-based ligands effectively increasing the nucleophilicity of the bridging nitride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chad T Palumbo
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Luciano Barluzzi
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Ivica Zivkovic
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism , Institute of Physics , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Alberto Fabrizio
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pedersen KS, Meihaus KR, Rogalev A, Wilhelm F, Aravena D, Amoza M, Ruiz E, Long JR, Bendix J, Clérac R. [UF 6 ] 2- : A Molecular Hexafluorido Actinide(IV) Complex with Compensating Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15650-15654. [PMID: 31290580 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The first structurally characterized hexafluorido complex of a tetravalent actinide ion, the [UF6 ]2- anion, is reported in the (NEt4 )2 [UF6 ]⋅2 H2 O salt (1). The weak magnetic response of 1 results from both UIV spin and orbital contributions, as established by combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy and bulk magnetization measurements. The spin and orbital moments are virtually identical in magnitude, but opposite in sign, resulting in an almost perfect cancellation, which is corroborated by ab initio calculations. This work constitutes the first experimental demonstration of a seemingly non-magnetic molecular actinide complex carrying sizable spin and orbital magnetic moments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper S Pedersen
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katie R Meihaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeffrey R Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Teyar B, Boucenina S, Belkhiri L, Le Guennic B, Boucekkine A, Mazzanti M. Theoretical Investigation of the Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Oxo-Bridged Uranyl(V) Dinuclear and Trinuclear Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10097-10110. [PMID: 31287673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The uranyl(V) complexes [UO2(dbm)2K(18C6)]2 (dbm = dibenzoylmethanate) and [UO2(L)]3(L = 2-(4-tolyl)-1,3-bis(quinolyl)malondiiminate), exhibiting diamond-shaped U2O2 and triangular-shaped U3O3 cores respectively with 5f1-5f1 and 5f1-5f1-5f1 configurations, have been investigated using relativistic density functional theory (DFT). The bond order and QTAIM analyses reveal that the covalent contribution to the bonding within the oxo cores is slightly more important for U3O3 than for U2O2, in line with the shorter U-O distances existing in the trinuclear complex in comparison to those in the binuclear complex. Using the broken symmetry (BS) approach combined with the B3LYP functional for the calculation of the magnetic exchange coupling constants (J) between the magnetic centers, the antiferromagnetic (AF) character of these complexes was confirmed, the estimated J values being respectively equal to -24.1 and -7.2 cm-1 for the dioxo and trioxo species. It was found that the magnetic exchange is more sensitive to small variations of the core geometry of the dioxo species in comparison to the trioxo species. Although the robust AF exchange coupling within the UxOx cores is generally maintained when small variations of the UOU angle are applied, a weak ferromagnetic character appears in the dioxo species when this angle is higher than 114°, its value for the actual structure being equal to 105.9°. The electronic factors driving the magnetic coupling are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Billel Teyar
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université des Frères Mentouri , Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique LPMS, 25017 Constantine , Algeria.,Université Ziane Achour de Djelfa , 17000 Djelfa , Algeria
| | - Seddik Boucenina
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université des Frères Mentouri , Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique LPMS, 25017 Constantine , Algeria
| | - Lotfi Belkhiri
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université des Frères Mentouri , Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique LPMS, 25017 Constantine , Algeria
| | | | | | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Magnall R, Balázs G, Lu E, Tuna F, Wooles AJ, Scheer M, Liddle ST. Trapping of a Highly Bent and Reduced Form of 2‐Phosphaethynolate in a Mixed‐Valence Diuranium–Triamidoamine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Magnall
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstr.31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Erli Lu
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science InstituteThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstr.31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Magnall R, Balázs G, Lu E, Tuna F, Wooles AJ, Scheer M, Liddle ST. Trapping of a Highly Bent and Reduced Form of 2-Phosphaethynolate in a Mixed-Valence Diuranium-Triamidoamine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10215-10219. [PMID: 31125153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of 2-phosphaethynolate is burgeoning, but there remains much to learn about this ligand, for example its reduction chemistry is scarce as this promotes P-C-O fragmentations or couplings. Here, we report that reduction of [U(TrenTIPS )(OCP)] (TrenTIPS =N(CH2 CH2 NSiPri 3 )3 ) with KC8 /2,2,2-cryptand gives [{U(TrenTIPS )}2 {μ-η2 (OP):η2 (CP)-OCP}][K(2,2,2-cryptand)]. The coordination mode of this trapped 2-phosphaethynolate is unique, and derives from an unprecedented highly reduced and highly bent form of this ligand with the most acute P-C-O angle in any complex to date (P-C-O ∡ ≈127°). The characterisation data support a mixed-valence diuranium(III/IV) formulation, where backbonding from uranium gives a highly reduced form of the P-C-O unit that is perhaps best described as a uranium-stabilised OCP2-. radical dianion. Quantum chemical calculations reveal that this gives unprecedented carbene character to the P-C-O unit, which engages in a weak donor-acceptor interaction with one of the uranium ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Magnall
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr.31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr.31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|