1
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Ma C, Cao Q, Yu L, Ma Z, Gan Q. Chirality Interplay between the Interior and Exterior of Metal-Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410731. [PMID: 38923638 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
A series of metal-organic cages featuring two stereogenic elements, in terms of the twisting of amide moieties within the ligand backbones and the rotation of diazaanthracene segments along the ligand ridges, were exploited. These two chiral components are correlative and serve as relays for transmitting chirality information between the internal and external cages. The chirality information induced by a chiral guest inside the cage cavity can pass through the cage framework and influence the orientation of the diazaanthracene segments on the periphery of the cage. In turn, the chirality of a stereogenic center within the diazaanthracene segments can transfer back into the cavity, enabling discrimination of enantiomeric guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Ma
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qingcheng Cao
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Quan Gan
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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2
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Zhou Q, Dong X, Chi G, Cao XY, Zhang N, Wu S, Ma Y, Zhang ZH, Zhang L. Cinquefoil Knot Possessing Dynamic and Tunable Metal Coordination. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22405-22412. [PMID: 39099103 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
While the majority of knots are made from the metal-template approach, the use of entangled, constrained knotted loops to modulate the coordination of the metal ions remains inadequately elucidated. Here, we report on the coordination chemistry of a 140-atom-long cinquefoil knotted strand comprising five tridentate and five bidentate chelating vacancies. The knotted loop is prepared through the self-assembly of asymmetric "3 + 2" dentate ligands with copper(II) ions that favor five-coordination geometry. The formation of the copper(II) pentameric helicate is confirmed by X-ray crystallography, while the corresponding copper(II) knot is characterized by XPS and LR-/HR ESI-MS. Upon removal of the original template, the knotted ligand facilitates zinc(II) ions, which typically form four- or six-coordination geometries, resulting in the formation of an otherwise inaccessible zinc(II) metallic knot with coordinatively unsaturated metal centers. The coordination numbers and geometries of the zinc(II) cations are undoubtedly determined by X-ray crystallography. Despite the kinetically labile nature and high reversibility of the zinc(II) complex preventing the detection of 5-to-6 coordination equilibrium in solution, the effects on metal-ion coordination induced by knotting hold promise for fine-tuning the coordination of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xue Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guanyu Chi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ningjin Zhang
- Instrumental Analytical Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201100, P. R. China
| | - Shitao Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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3
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Lu YL, Wu K, Huang YH, Li WC, Cao ZM, Yan XH, Zhang XD, Liu CH, Ruan J, Xu HS, Pan M, Su CY. Stereochemical Control of Redox Co II/Co III-Cages with Switchable Cotton Effects Based on Labile-Static States. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20414-20424. [PMID: 38982611 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The structural dynamics of artificial assemblies, in aspects such as molecular recognition and structural transformation, provide us with a blueprint to achieve bioinspired applications. Here, we describe the assembly of redox-switchable chiral metal-organic cages Λ8/Δ8-[Pd6(CoIIL3)8]28+ and Λ8/Δ8-[Pd6(CoIIIL3)8]36+. These isomeric cages demonstrate an on-off chirality logic gate controlled by their chemical and stereostructural dynamics tunable through redox transitions between the labile CoII-state and static CoIII-state with a distinct Cotton effect. The transition between different states is enabled by a reversible redox process and chiral recognition originating in the tris-chelate Co-centers. All cages in two states are thoroughly characterized by NMR, ESI-MS, CV, CD, and X-ray crystallographic analysis, which clarify their redox-switching behaviors upon chemical reduction/oxidation. The stereochemical lability of the CoII-center endows the Λ8/Δ8-CoII-cages with efficient chiral-induction by enantiomeric guests, leading to enantiomeric isomerization to switch between Λ8/Δ8-CoII-cages, which can be stabilized by oxidation to their chemically inert forms of Λ8/Δ8-CoIII-cages. Kinetic studies reveal that the isomerization rate of the Δ8-CoIII-cage is at least an order of magnitude slower than that of the Δ8-CoII-cage even at an elevated temperature, while its activation energy is 16 kcal mol-1 higher than that of the CoII-cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kai Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yin-Hui Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wei-Chun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhong-Min Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiang-Han Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chen-Hui Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jia Ruan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hai-Sen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Boaler P, Piskorz TK, Bickerton LE, Wang J, Duarte F, Lloyd-Jones GC, Lusby PJ. Origins of High-Activity Cage-Catalyzed Michael Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19317-19326. [PMID: 38976816 PMCID: PMC11258793 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Cage catalysis continues to create significant interest, yet catalyst function remains poorly understood. Herein, we report mechanistic insights into coordination-cage-catalyzed Michael addition using kinetic and computational methods. The study has been enabled by the detection of identifiable catalyst intermediates, which allow the evolution of different cage species to be monitored and modeled alongside reactants and products. The investigations show that the overall acceleration results from two distinct effects. First, the cage reaction shows a thousand-fold increase in the rate constant for the turnover-limiting C-C bond-forming step compared to a reference state. Computational modeling and experimental analysis of activation parameters indicate that this stems from a significant reduction in entropy, suggesting substrate coencapsulation. Second, the cage markedly acidifies the bound pronucleophile, shifting this equilibrium by up to 6 orders of magnitude. The combination of these two factors results in accelerations up to 109 relative to bulk-phase reference reactions. We also show that the catalyst can fundamentally alter the reaction mechanism, leading to intermediates and products that are not observable outside of the cage. Collectively, the results show that cage catalysis can proceed with very high activity and unique selectivity by harnessing a series of individually weak noncovalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
J. Boaler
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Tomasz K. Piskorz
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Laura E. Bickerton
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Jianzhu Wang
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Guy C. Lloyd-Jones
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Paul J. Lusby
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K.
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5
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Andrews KG, Piskorz TK, Horton PN, Coles SJ. Enzyme-like Acyl Transfer Catalysis in a Bifunctional Organic Cage. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17887-17897. [PMID: 38914009 PMCID: PMC11228979 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Amide-based organic cage cavities are, in principle, ideal enzyme active site mimics. Yet, cage-promoted organocatalysis has remained elusive, in large part due to synthetic accessibility of robust and functional scaffolds. Herein, we report the acyl transfer catalysis properties of robust, hexaamide cages in organic solvent. Cage structural variation reveals that esterification catalysis with an acyl anhydride acyl carrier occurs only in bifunctional cages featuring internal pyridine motifs and two crucial antipodal carboxylic acid groups. 1H NMR data and X-ray crystallography show that the acyl carrier is rapidly activated inside the cavity as a covalent mixed-anhydride intermediate with an internal hydrogen bond. Michaelis-Menten (saturation) kinetics suggest weak binding (KM = 0.16 M) of the alcohol pronucleophile close to the internal anhydride. Finally, activation and delivery of the alcohol to the internal anhydride by the second carboxylic acid group forms ester product and releases the cage catalyst. Eyring analysis indicates a strong enthalpic stabilization of the transition state (5.5 kcal/mol) corresponding to a rate acceleration of 104 over background acylation, and an ordered, associative rate-determining attack by the alcohol, supported by DFT calculations. We conclude that internal bifunctional organocatalysis specific to the cage structural design is responsible for the enhancement over the background reaction. These results pave the way for organic-phase enzyme mimicry in self-assembled cavities with the potential for cavity elaboration to enact selective acylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith G Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Tomasz K Piskorz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Peter N Horton
- UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
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6
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Wang M, Liu S, Liu H, Wang Y, Lan Y, Liu Q. Asymmetric hydrogenation of ketimines with minimally different alkyl groups. Nature 2024; 631:556-562. [PMID: 38806060 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis enables the synthesis of optically active compounds, often requiring the differentiation between two substituents on prochiral substrates1. Despite decades of development of mainly noble metal catalysts, achieving differentiation between substituents with similar steric and electronic properties remains a notable challenge2,3. Here we introduce a class of Earth-abundant manganese catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of dialkyl ketimines to give a range of chiral amine products. These catalysts distinguish between pairs of minimally differentiated alkyl groups bound to the ketimine, such as methyl and ethyl, and even subtler distinctions, such as ethyl and n-propyl. The degree of enantioselectivity can be adjusted by modifying the components of the chiral manganese catalyst. This reaction demonstrates a wide substrate scope and achieves a turnover number of up to 107,800. Our mechanistic studies indicate that exceptional stereoselectivity arises from the modular assembly of confined chiral catalysts and cooperative non-covalent interactions between the catalyst and the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shihan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Pingyuan Laboratory, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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7
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Chen H, Li F, Ge Y, Liu J, Xing X, Li M, Ge Z, Zuo X, Fan C, Wang S, Wang F. DNA Framework-Enabled 3D Organization of Antiarrhythmic Drugs for Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401960. [PMID: 38843807 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Preorganizing molecular drugs within a microenvironment is crucial for the development of efficient and controllable therapeutic systems. Here, the use of tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF) is reported to preorganize antiarrhythmic drugs (herein doxorubicin, Dox) in 3D for catheter ablation, a minimally invasive treatment for fast heartbeats, aiming to address potential complications linked to collateral tissue damage and the post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence resulting from incomplete ablation. Dox preorganization within TDF transforms its random distribution into a confined, regular spatial arrangement governed by DNA. This, combined with the high affinity between Dox and DNA, significantly increases local Dox concentration. The exceptional capacity of TDF for cellular internalization leads to a 5.5-fold increase in intracellular Dox amount within cardiomyocytes, effectively promoting cellular apoptosis. In vivo investigations demonstrate that administering TDF-Dox reduces the recurrence rate of electrical conduction after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) to 37.5%, compared with the 77.8% recurrence rate in the free Dox-treated group. Notably, the employed Dox dosage exhibits negligible adverse effects in vivo. This study presents a promising treatment paradigm that strengthens the efficacy of catheter ablation and opens a new avenue for reconciling the paradox of ablation efficacy and collateral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200800, China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yulong Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200800, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200800, China
| | - Xing Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200800, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhilei Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200800, China
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8
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Wu D, Wang J, Du X, Cao Y, Ping K, Liu D. Cucurbit[8]uril-based supramolecular theranostics. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:235. [PMID: 38725031 PMCID: PMC11084038 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Different from most of the conventional platforms with dissatisfactory theranostic capabilities, supramolecular nanotheranostic systems have unparalleled advantages via the artful combination of supramolecular chemistry and nanotechnology. Benefiting from the tunable stimuli-responsiveness and compatible hierarchical organization, host-guest interactions have developed into the most popular mainstay for constructing supramolecular nanoplatforms. Characterized by the strong and diverse complexation property, cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) shows great potential as important building blocks for supramolecular theranostic systems. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of CB[8]-based supramolecular theranostics regarding the design, manufacture and theranostic mechanism. Meanwhile, the current limitations and corresponding reasonable solutions as well as the potential future development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianlong Du
- Bethune First Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibin Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunmin Ping
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Hennebelle M, Cirillo Y, Manick AD, Nuel D, Martinez A, Chatelet B. Synthesis, Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of a Phosphine-Based Hemicryptophane Cage with an Endo Phosphorus Lone Pair and Formation of the Corresponding Gold Complex. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4741-4748. [PMID: 38525898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and chiroptical properties of a new class of hemicryptophanes combining a phosphine moiety and a cyclotriveratrylene unit are reported. The synthesis was short and efficient. The racemic mixture of the cage was resolved by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), giving access to enantiopure molecular cages, whose absolute configurations could be assigned by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy. These new phosphines were then reacted with gold in order to make the corresponding enantiopure gold complexes. The X-ray structure reveals an endohedral functionalization of the cage with the gold metal entrapped in the heart of the cavity, leading to a Vbur of 58%. Moreover, the chirality of the cyclotriveratrylene unit was found to control the chiral arrangement of the aryl group linked to the phosphorus atom, located at the opposite side of the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hennebelle
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Yoann Cirillo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | | | - Didier Nuel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Alexandre Martinez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Bastien Chatelet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, iSm2, Marseille 13397, France
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10
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Linnebank PR, Kluwer AM, Reek JNH. Substrate scope driven optimization of an encapsulated hydroformylation catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2024; 14:1837-1847. [PMID: 38571547 PMCID: PMC10987017 DOI: 10.1039/d4cy00051j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Caged complexes can provide impressive selective catalysts. Due to the complex shapes of such caged catalysts, however, the level of selectivity control of a single substrate cannot be extrapolated to other substrates. Herein, the substrate scope using 41 terminal alkene substrates is investigated in the hydroformylation reaction with an encapsulated rhodium catalyst [Rh(H)(CO)3(P(mPy3(ZnTPP)3))] (CAT1). For all substrates, the amount of branched products formed was higher with CAT1 than with the unencapsulated reference catalyst [Rh(H)(CO)2(P(mPy3))2] (CAT2) (linear/branched ratio between 2.14 and 0.12 for CAT1 and linear/branched ratio between 6.22 and 0.59 for CAT2). Interestingly, the level of cage induced selectivity depends strongly on the substrate structure that is converted. Analysis of the substrate scope combined with DFT calculations suggests that noncovalent interactions between the substrate moieties and cage walls play a key role in controlling the regioselectivity. Consequently, these supramolecular interactions were further optimized by replacing the ZnTPP building block with a zinc porphyrin analog that contained OiPr substituents on the meta position of the aryl rings. The resulting caged catalyst, CAT4, converted substrates with even higher branched selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim R Linnebank
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
- InCatT B.V Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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11
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Wu K, Benchimol E, Baksi A, Clever GH. Non-statistical assembly of multicomponent [Pd 2ABCD] cages. Nat Chem 2024; 16:584-591. [PMID: 38243023 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled hosts, inspired by biological receptors and catalysts, show application potential in sustainable synthesis, energy conversion and medicine. Implementing multiple functionalities in the form of distinguishable building blocks, however, is difficult without risking narcissistic self-sorting or a statistical mess. Here we report a systematic series of integratively self-assembled heteroleptic cages in which two square-planar PdII cations are bridged by four different bis-pyridyl ligands, A, B, C and D, via synergistic effects to exclusively form a single isomer-the lantern-shaped cage [Pd2ABCD]. This self-sorting goal-forming just one out of 55 possible structures-is reached under full thermodynamic control and can be realized progressively (by combining progenitors, such as [Pd2A2C2] with [Pd2B2D2]), directly from ligands and PdII cations or by mixing all four corresponding homoleptic cages. The rational design of complex multicomponent assemblies that enables the modular incorporation of diverse chemical moieties will advance their applicability in functional nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elie Benchimol
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany.
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12
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Li K, Qin WM, Su WX, Hu JM, Cai YP. Chiral BINOL-phosphate assembled single hexagonal nanotube in aqueous solution for confined rearrangement acceleration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2799. [PMID: 38555282 PMCID: PMC10981660 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Creating microenvironments that mimic an enzyme's active site is a critical aspect of supramolecular confined catalysis. In this study, we employ the commonly used chiral 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) phosphates as subcomponents to construct supramolecular hollow nanotube in an aqueous medium through non-covalent intermolecular recognition and arrangement. The hexagonal nanotubular structure is characterized by various techniques, including X-ray, NMR, ESI-MS, AFM, and TEM, and is confirmed to exist in a homogeneous aqueous solution stably. The nanotube's length in solution depends on the concentration of chiral BINOL-phosphate as a monomer. Additionally, the assembled nanotube can accelerate the rate of the 3-aza-Cope rearrangement reaction by up to 85-fold due to the interior confinement effect. Based on the detailed kinetic and thermodynamic analyses, we propose that the chain-like substrates are constrained and pre-organized into a reactive chair-like conformation, which stabilizes the transition state of the reaction in the confined nanospace of the nanotube. Notably, due to the restricted conformer with less degrees of freedom, the entropic barrier is significantly reduced compared to the enthalpic barrier, resulting in a more pronounced acceleration effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- The Joint Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry for SCNU and TINCI, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wei-Min Qin
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Xia Su
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Min Hu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue-Peng Cai
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- The Joint Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry for SCNU and TINCI, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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13
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Yang Y, Li H, Shi Y, Wu Y, Jing X, Duan C. Modifying the Oxidative Potentials of Imines in a Dye Loaded Capsule for Photocatalytic Cyclization with Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319605. [PMID: 38217331 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Modifying redox potential of substrates and intermediates to balance pairs of redox steps are important stages for multistep photosynthesis but faced marked challenges. Through co-clathration of iridium photosensitizer and imine substrate within one packet of a metal-organic capsule to shift the redox potentials of substrate, herein, we reported a multiphoton enzymatic strategy for the generation of heterocycles by intramolecular C-X hydrogen evolution cross-couplings. The cage facilitated a pre-equilibrium substrate-involving clathrate that cathodic shifts the oxidation potential of the substrate-dye-host ternary complex and configuration inversion of substrate via spatial constraints in the confined space. The new two photon excitation strategy enabled the precise control of the multistep electron transfer between each pair (photosensitizer, substrate and the capsule), endowing the catalytic system proceeding smoothly with an enzymatic fashion. Three kinds of 2-subsituted (-OH, -NH2 , and -SH) imines and N-aryl enamines all give the corresponding cyclization products efficiently under visible light irradiation, demonstrating the promising of the microenvironment driven thermodynamic activation in the host-dye-substrate ternary for synergistic combination of multistep photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hanning Li
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Youpeng Shi
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xu Jing
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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14
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Lorenzetto T, Bordignon F, Munarin L, Mancin F, Fabris F, Scarso A. Substrate Selectivity Imparted by Self-Assembled Molecular Containers and Catalysts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202301811. [PMID: 37466005 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in catalysis are devoted to mimicking some peculiar features of enzymes like site selectivity, through functional group recognition, and substrate selectivity, through recognition of the entire surface of the substrate. The latter is a specific feature of enzymes that is seldomly present in homogeneous catalysis. Supramolecular catalysis, thanks to the self-assembly of simple subunits, enables the creation of cavities and surfaces whose confinement effects drive the preferential binding of a substrate among others with consequent substrate selectivity. The topic is an emerging field that exploits recognition phenomena to discriminate the reagents based on their size and shape. This review deals this cutting-edge field of research covering examples of supramolecular self-assembled molecular containers and catalysts operating in organic as well as aqueous media, with special emphasis for catalytic systems dealing with direct competitive experiments involving two or more substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Lorenzetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Francesca Bordignon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35100, Italy
| | - Luca Munarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35100, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
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15
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Zhang X, Tang J, Wang L, Wang C, Chen L, Chen X, Qian J, Pan B. Nanoconfinement-triggered oligomerization pathway for efficient removal of phenolic pollutants via a Fenton-like reaction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:917. [PMID: 38296948 PMCID: PMC10831074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous Fenton reaction represents one of the most reliable technologies to ensure water safety, but is currently challenged by the sluggish Fe(III) reduction, excessive input of chemicals for organic mineralization, and undesirable carbon emission. Current endeavors to improve the catalytic performance of Fenton reaction are mostly focused on how to accelerate Fe(III) reduction, while the pollutant degradation step is habitually overlooked. Here, we report a nanoconfinement strategy by using graphene aerogel (GA) to support UiO-66-NH2-(Zr) binding atomic Fe(III), which alters the carbon transfer route during phenol removal from kinetically favored ring-opening route to thermodynamically favored oligomerization route. GA nanoconfinement favors the Fe(III) reduction by enriching the reductive intermediates and allows much faster phenol removal than the unconfined analog (by 208 times in terms of first-order rate constant) and highly efficient removal of total organic carbon, i.e., 92.2 ± 3.7% versus 3.6 ± 0.3% in 60 min. Moreover, this oligomerization route reduces the oxidant consumption for phenol removal by more than 95% and carbon emission by 77.9%, compared to the mineralization route in homogeneous Fe2++H2O2 system. Our findings may upgrade the regulatory toolkit for Fenton reactions and provide an alternative carbon transfer route for the removal of aqueous pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinqing Chen
- CAS key Laboratory of Low-carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jieshu Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Jiangsu, 214105, P. R. China.
| | - Bingcai Pan
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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16
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Shang W, Wang Y, Zhu X, Liang T, Du C, Xiang J, Liu M. Helical Cage Rotors Switched on by Brake Molecule with Variable Fluorescence and Circularly Polarized Luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27639-27649. [PMID: 38054305 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
While chiral molecular rotors have unique frames and cavities to possibly generate switchable chiroptical functions, it still remains a formidable challenge to precisely restrict their rotations to activate certain functions such as fluorescence as well as circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), which are strongly related to the local molecular rotations. Herein, we design a pair of enantiopure helical cage rotors, which emit light neither at the molecular state nor in the crystal or aggregation states, although they contain luminophore groups. However, upon mounting with fluoroaromatic borane (TFPB) as a molecular brake, the phenyl rotation of the helical cage can be effectively hindered and fluorescence and CPL activities of the molecular cage are switched on. Crystal structure analysis reveals that the rotation is restricted through synergistic B-O-H-N bonding and a fluoroaromatic-aromatic (ArF-Ar) dipole interaction. Moreover, the helical cages are switched on stepwise with color-variable fluorescence and CPL by the inner brake in the molecular state and the outer brake in the supramolecular assemblies, respectively. This work not only provides the design idea of chiroptical molecular rotors but also unveils how fluorescence and CPL could be generated in cage rotor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tongling Liang
- BNLMS, Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cong Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junfeng Xiang
- BNLMS, Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
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17
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da Camara B, Woods CZ, Sharma K, Wu HT, Farooqi NS, Chen C, Julian RR, Vander Griend DA, Hooley RJ. Catalytic Inhibition of Base-Mediated Reactivity by a Self-Assembled Metal-Ligand Host. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302499. [PMID: 37584901 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Spacious M4 L6 tetrahedra can act as catalytic inhibitors for base-mediated reactions. Upon adding only 5 % of a self-assembled Fe4 L6 cage complex, the conversion of the conjugate addition between ethylcyanoacetate and β-nitrostyrene catalyzed by proton sponge can be reduced from 83 % after 75 mins at ambient temperature to <1 % under identical conditions. The mechanism of the catalytic inhibition is unusual: the octacationic Fe4 L6 cage increases the acidity of exogenous water in the acetonitrile reaction solvent by favorably binding the conjugate acid of the basic catalyst. The inhibition only occurs for Fe4 L6 hosts with spacious internal cavities: minimal inhibition is seen with smaller tetrahedra or Fe2 L3 helicates. The surprising tendency of the cationic cage to preferentially bind protonated, cationic ammonium guests is quantified via the comprehensive modeling of spectrophotometric titration datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce da Camara
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Connor Z Woods
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Komal Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hoi-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Naira S Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Changwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Ryan R Julian
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - Richard J Hooley
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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18
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Xu M, Jing X, Sun B, He C, Reek JNH, Duan C. Urea-Functionalized Fe 4 L 6 Cages for Supramolecular Gold Catalyst Encapsulation to Control Substrate Activation Modes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310420. [PMID: 37661189 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The excellent catalytic performances of enzymes in terms of activity and selectivity are an inspiration for synthetic chemists and this has resulted in the development of synthetic containers for supramolecular catalysis. In such containers the local environment and pre-organization of catalysts and substrates leads to control of the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. Herein we report a supramolecular strategy to encapsulate single catalysts in a urea-functionalized Fe4 L6 cage, which can co-encapsulate a functionalized urea substrate through hydrogen bonding. Distinguished selectivity is obtained, imposed by the cage as site isolation only allows catalysis through π activation of the substrate and as a result the selectivity is independent of catalyst concentration. The encapsulated catalyst is more active than the free analogue, an effect that can be ascribed to transitionstate stabilization rather than substrate pre-organization, as revealed by the MM kinetic data. The simple strategy reported here is expected to be of general use in many reactions, for which the catalyst can be functionalized with a sulfonate group required for encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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19
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Xu M, Sun B, Poole DA, Bobylev EO, Jing X, Wu J, He C, Duan C, Reek JNH. Broadening the catalytic region from the cavity to windows by M 6L 12 nanospheres in cyclizations. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11699-11707. [PMID: 37920339 PMCID: PMC10619639 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02998k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular cages have received tremendous attention as they can contain catalysts that exhibit confinement effects in the cavity, leading to excellent performances. Herein, we report an example wherein the catalytic region is extended from the cage cavity to the windows, and investigate its confinement effect by utilizing the Pd6LAu12 cage that contains rigidly fixed and isolated gold complexes at the windows. Pd6LAu12 exhibit three features of particular interest while assessing their properties in gold-catalyzed cyclization reactions. First, the catalysts experience a cage effect as they display higher reactivity and selectivity compared to the monomeric analogue, as a result of substrate pre-organization at the windows. Second, the metal complexes are physically separated by the cage structure, preventing the formation of less active dinuclear gold complexes making it more stable under hydrous conditions. Third, the cage windows present the characteristics of enzymatic catalysis via Michaelis-Menten-type mechanism analysis. This contribution presents an alternative way to engineer supramolecular catalysts through extending the catalytic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Bin Sun
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam 1098 XH The Netherlands
| | - David A Poole
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam 1098 XH The Netherlands
| | - Eduard O Bobylev
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam 1098 XH The Netherlands
| | - Xu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jinguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam 1098 XH The Netherlands
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20
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Piskorz TK, Martí-Centelles V, Spicer RL, Duarte F, Lusby PJ. Picking the lock of coordination cage catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11300-11331. [PMID: 37886081 PMCID: PMC10599471 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The design principles of metallo-organic assembly reactions have facilitated access to hundreds of coordination cages of varying size and shape. Many of these assemblies possess a well-defined cavity capable of hosting a guest, pictorially mimicking the action of a substrate binding to the active site of an enzyme. While there are now a growing collection of coordination cages that show highly proficient catalysis, exhibiting both excellent activity and efficient turnover, this number is still small compared to the vast library of metal-organic structures that are known. In this review, we will attempt to unpick and discuss the key features that make an effective coordination cage catalyst, linking structure to activity (and selectivity) using lessons learnt from both experimental and computational analysis of the most notable exemplars. We will also provide an outlook for this area, reasoning why coordination cages have the potential to become the gold-standard in (synthetic) non-covalent catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz K Piskorz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera, s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Rebecca L Spicer
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University Lancaster LA14YB UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
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21
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Li D, Yang L, Fang W, Fu X, Li H, Li J, Li X, He C. An artificial light-harvesting system constructed from a water-soluble metal-organic barrel for photocatalytic aerobic reactions in aqueous media. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9943-9950. [PMID: 37736644 PMCID: PMC10510649 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02943c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
An artificial light-harvesting system constructed from a water-soluble host-guest complex can be regarded as a high-level conceptual model of its biological counterpart and can convert solar energy into chemical energy in an aqueous environment. Herein, a water-soluble metal-organic barrel Ga-tpe with twelve sulfonic acid units was obtained by subcomponent self-assembly between Ga3+ ions and tetra-topic ligands with tetraphenylethylene (TPE) cores. By taking advantage of host-guest interactions, cationic dye rhodamine B (RB) was constrained in the pocket of Ga-tpe to promote the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process for efficient photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of sulfides and cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Wangjian Fang
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xinmei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Hechuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Jianxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Xuezhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
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22
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Su P, Zhang W, Guo C, Liu H, Xiong C, Tang R, He C, Chen Z, Yu X, Wang H, Li X. Constructing Ultrastable Metallo-Cages via In Situ Deprotonation/Oxidation of Dynamic Supramolecular Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18607-18622. [PMID: 37566725 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Coordination-driven self-assembly enables the spontaneous construction of metallo-supramolecules with high precision, facilitated by dynamic and reversible metal-ligand interactions. The dynamic nature of coordination, however, results in structural lability in many metallo-supramolecular assembly systems. Consequently, it remains a formidable challenge to achieve self-assembly reversibility and structural stability simultaneously in metallo-supramolecular systems. To tackle this issue, herein, we incorporate an acid-/base-responsive tridentate ligand into multitopic building blocks to precisely construct a series of metallo-supramolecular cages through coordination-driven self-assembly. These dynamic cagelike assemblies can be transformed to their static states through mild in situ deprotonation/oxidation, leading to ultrastable skeletons that can withstand high temperatures, metal ion chelators, and strong acid/base conditions. This in situ transformation provides a reliable and powerful approach to manipulate the kinetic features and stability of metallo-supramolecules and allows for modulation of encapsulation and release behaviors of metallo-cages when utilizing nanoscale quantum dots (QDs) as guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingru Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhong Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Runxu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxin He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China
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23
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Linnebank PR, Poole DA, Kluwer AM, Reek JNH. A substrate descriptor based approach for the prediction and understanding of the regioselectivity in caged catalyzed hydroformylation. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:169-185. [PMID: 37139675 PMCID: PMC10416704 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00023k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of data driven tools to predict the selectivity of homogeneous catalysts has received considerable attention in the past years. In these studies often the catalyst structure is varied, but the use of substrate descriptors to rationalize the catalytic outcome is relatively unexplored. To study whether this may be an effective tool, we investigated both an encapsulated and a non-encapsulated rhodium based catalyst in the hydroformylation reaction of 41 terminal alkenes. For the non-encapsulated catalyst, CAT2, the regioselectivity of the acquired substrate scope could be predicted with high accuracy using the Δ13C NMR shift of the alkene carbon atoms as a descriptor (R2 = 0.74) and when combined with a computed intensity of the CC stretch vibration (ICC stretch) the accuracy increased further (R2 = 0.86). In contrast, a substrate descriptor approach with an encapsulated catalyst, CAT1, appeared more challenging indicating a confined space effect. We investigated Sterimol parameters of the substrates as well as computer-aided drug design descriptors of the substrates, but these parameters did not result in a predictive formula. The most accurate substrate descriptor based prediction was made with the Δ13C NMR shift and ICC stretch (R2 = 0.52), suggestive of the involvement of CH-π interactions. To further understand the confined space effect of CAT1, we focused on the subset of 21 allylbenzene derivatives to investigate predictive parameters unique for this subset. These results showed the inclusion of a charge parameter of the aryl ring improved the regioselectivity predictions, which is in agreement with our assessment that noncovalent interactions between the phenyl ring of the cage and the aryl ring of the substrate are relevant for the regioselectivity outcome. However, the correlation is still weak (R2 = 0.36) and as such we are investigating novel parameters that should improve the overall regioselectivity outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim R Linnebank
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - David A Poole
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Wang KY, Zhang J, Hsu YC, Lin H, Han Z, Pang J, Yang Z, Liang RR, Shi W, Zhou HC. Bioinspired Framework Catalysts: From Enzyme Immobilization to Biomimetic Catalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5347-5420. [PMID: 37043332 PMCID: PMC10853941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic catalysis has fueled considerable interest from chemists due to its high efficiency and selectivity. However, the structural complexity and vulnerability hamper the application potentials of enzymes. Driven by the practical demand for chemical conversion, there is a long-sought quest for bioinspired catalysts reproducing and even surpassing the functions of natural enzymes. As nanoporous materials with high surface areas and crystallinity, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent an exquisite case of how natural enzymes and their active sites are integrated into porous solids, affording bioinspired heterogeneous catalysts with superior stability and customizable structures. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the advances of bioinspired MOFs for catalysis, discuss the design principle of various MOF-based catalysts, such as MOF-enzyme composites and MOFs embedded with active sites, and explore the utility of these catalysts in different reactions. The advantages of MOFs as enzyme mimetics are also highlighted, including confinement, templating effects, and functionality, in comparison with homogeneous supramolecular catalysts. A perspective is provided to discuss potential solutions addressing current challenges in MOF catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Yu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry
(MOE) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST),
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry
(MOE) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST),
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hengyu Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zongsu Han
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry
(MOE) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST),
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiandong Pang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal
and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhentao Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry
(MOE) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST),
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rong-Ran Liang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Wei Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry
(MOE) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST),
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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25
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Davies JA, Tarzia A, Ronson TK, Auras F, Jelfs KE, Nitschke JR. Tetramine Aspect Ratio and Flexibility Determine Framework Symmetry for Zn 8 L 6 Self-Assembled Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217987. [PMID: 36637345 PMCID: PMC10946785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We derive design principles for the assembly of rectangular tetramines into Zn8 L6 pseudo-cubic coordination cages. Because of the rectangular, as opposed to square, geometry of the ligand panels, and the possibility of either Δ or Λ handedness of each metal center at the eight corners of the pseudo-cube, many different cage diastereomers are possible. Each of the six tetra-aniline subcomponents investigated in this work assembled with zinc(II) and 2-formylpyridine in acetonitrile into a single Zn8 L6 pseudo-cube diastereomer, however. Each product corresponded to one of four diastereomeric configurations, with T, Th , S6 or D3 symmetry. The preferred diastereomer for a given tetra-aniline subcomponent was shown to be dependent on its aspect ratio and conformational flexibility. Analysis of computationally modeled individual faces or whole pseudo-cubes provided insight as to why the observed diastereomers were favored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A. Davies
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London White City CampusWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Florian Auras
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional DevicesMax-Planck Institute of Microstructure PhysicsWeinberg 206120HalleGermany
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London White City CampusWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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26
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Li D, Liu X, Yang L, Li H, Guo G, Li X, He C. Highly efficient Förster resonance energy transfer between an emissive tetraphenylethylene-based metal-organic cage and the encapsulated dye guest. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2237-2244. [PMID: 36845925 PMCID: PMC9945327 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The host-guest strategy presents an ideal way to achieve efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) by forcing close proximity between an energy donor and acceptor. Herein, by encapsulating the negatively charged acceptor dyes eosin Y (EY) or sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) in the cationic tetraphenylethene-based emissive cage-like host donor Zn-1, host-guest complexes were formed that exhibit highly efficient FRET. The energy transfer efficiency of Zn-1⊃EY reached 82.4%. To better verify the occurrence of the FRET process and make full use of the harvested energy, Zn-1⊃EY was successfully used as a photochemical catalyst for the dehalogenation of α-bromoacetophenone. Furthermore, the emission color of the host-guest system Zn-1⊃SR101 could be adjusted to exhibit bright white-light emission with the CIE coordinates (0.32, 0.33). This work details a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of the FRET process by the creation of a host-guest system between the cage-like host and dye acceptor, thus serving as a versatile platform for mimicking natural light-harvesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003P. R. China
| | - Hechuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Guoxu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Xuezhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
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27
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Liu Y, Liao SH, Dai WT, Bai Q, Lu S, Wang H, Li X, Zhang Z, Wang P, Lu W, Zhang Q. Controlled Construction of Heteroleptic [Pd 2 (L A ) 2 (L B )(L C )] 4+ Cages: A Facile Approach for Site-Selective endo-Functionalization of Supramolecular Cavities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217215. [PMID: 36495225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Construction of supramolecular structures with internal functionalities is a promising approach to build enzyme-like cavities. The endo-functionalized [Pd12 L24 ] and [Pd2 L4 ] coordination cages represent the most successful systems in this regard. However, these systems mainly contain one type of endo-moiety. We herein provide a solution for the controlled endo-functionalization of [Pd2 L4 ] cages. Site-selective introduction of the endo-functional group was achieved through the formation of heteroleptic [Pd2 (LA )2 (LB )(LC )] cages. Using two orthogonal steric control elements is the key for the selective formation of the hetero-assemblies. We demonstrated the construction of two hetero-cages with a single internal functional group as well as a hetero-cage with two distinct endohedral functionalities. The endo-functionalized hetero-cages bound sulfonate guests with fast-exchange dynamics. This strategy provides a new solution for the controlled endo-functionalization of supramolecular cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shou-Heng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qixia Bai
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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28
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Yang XD, Zhang YJ, Zhou JH, Liu L, Sun JK. Air-Stable Radical Organic Cages as Cascade Nanozymes for Enhanced Catalysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206127. [PMID: 36440672 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of single-assembled molecular cage reactors for complex tandem reactions is a long-standing target in biomimetic catalysis but still a grand challenge. Herein, nanozyme-like organic cages are reported by engineering air-stable radicals into the skeleton upon photoinduced electron transfer. The generation of radicals is accompanied by single-crystal structural transformation and exhibits superior stability over six months in air. Impressively, the radicals throughout the cage skeleton can mimic the peroxidase of natural enzymes to decompose H2 O2 into OH· and facilitate oxidation reactions. Furthermore, an integrated catalyst by encapsulating Au clusters (glucose oxidase mimics) into the cage has been developed, in which the dual active sites (Au cluster and radical) are spatially isolated and can work as cascade nanozymes to prominently promote the enzyme-like tandem reaction via a substrate channeling effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
- College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang, 050080, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hao Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ke Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
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29
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Xie W, Zhang G, Guo Z, Huang H, Ye J, Gao X, Yue K, Wei Y, Zhao L. Shape-controllable and kinetically miscible Copper-Palladium bimetallic nanozymes with enhanced Fenton-like performance for biocatalysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100411. [PMID: 36186845 PMCID: PMC9520275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bimetallic nanozymes have been emerging as essential catalysts due to their unique physicochemical properties from the monometallics. However, the access to optimize catalytic performance is often limited by the thermodynamic immiscibility and also heterogeneity. Thus, we present a one-step coreduction strategy to prepare the miscible Cu-Pd bimetallic nanozymes with controllable shape and homogeneously alloyed structure. The homogeneity is systematically explored and luckily, the homogeneous introduction of Cu successfully endows Cu-Pd bimetallic nanozymes with enhanced Fenton-like efficiency. Density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculation reveals that Cu-Pd bimetallic nanozymes exhibit smaller d-band center compared with Pd nanozymes. Easier adsorption of H2O2 molecular contributed by the electronic structure of Cu significantly accelerate the catalytic process together with the strong repulsive interaction between H atom and Pd atom. In vitro cytotoxicity and intracellular ROS generation performance reveal the potential for in vivo biocatalysis. The strategy to construct kinetically miscible Cu-Pd bimetallic nanozymes will guide the development of bimetallic catalysts with excellent Fenton-like efficiency for biocatalytic nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Genpei Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
- Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Shunde, Guangdong Province, 528399, PR China
| | - Zhenhu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hongye Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jielin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kai Yue
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
- Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Shunde, Guangdong Province, 528399, PR China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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30
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Cruz-Nava S, Valencia-Loza SDJ, Percástegui EG. Protection and Transformation of Natural Products within Aqueous Metal–Organic Cages. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Cruz-Nava
- National Autonomous University of Mexico Faculty of Science: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Institute of Chemistry MEXICO
| | | | - Edmundo Guzmán Percástegui
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Química Instituto de Química at CCIQS UAEM-UNAM MEXICO
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31
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Wu K, Tessarolo J, Baksi A, Clever GH. Guest-Modulated Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Ligand-to-Ligand Chirality Transfer in Heteroleptic Pd II Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205725. [PMID: 35616285 PMCID: PMC9544203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent metallo-supramolecular assembly allows the rational combination of different building blocks. Discrete multifunctional hosts with an accessible cavity can be prepared in a non-statistical fashion. We employ our shape-complementary assembly (SCA) method to achieve for the first time integrative self-sorting of heteroleptic PdII cages showing guest-tunable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). An enantiopure helicene-based ligand (M or P configuration) is coupled with a non-chiral emissive fluorenone-based ligand (A or B) to form a series of Pd2 L2 L'2 assemblies. The modular strategy allows to impart the chiral information of the helicenes to the overall supramolecular system, resulting in CPL from the non-chiral component. Guest binding results in a 4-fold increase of CPL intensity. The principle offers potential to generate libraries of multifunctional materials with applications in molecular recognition, enantioselective photo-redox catalysis and information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
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32
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Woods CZ, Wu HT, Ngai C, da Camara B, Julian RR, Hooley RJ. Modifying the internal substituents of self-assembled cages controls their molecular recognition and optical properties. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10920-10929. [PMID: 35796048 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled Fe4L6 cage complexes with variable internal functions can be synthesized from a 2,7-dibromocarbazole ligand scaffold, which orients six functional groups to the cage interior. Both ethylthiomethylether and ethyldimethylamino groups can be incorporated. The cages show strong ligand-centered fluorescence emission and a broad range of guest binding properties. Coencapsulation of neutral organic guests is favored in the larger, unfunctionalized cage cavity, whereas the thioether cage has a more sterically hindered cavity that favors 1 : 1 guest binding. Binding affinities up to 106 M-1 in CH3CN are seen. The dimethylamino cage is more complex, as the internal amines display partial protonation and can be deprotonated by amine bases. This amine cage displays affinity for a broad range of neutral organic substrates, with affinities and stoichiometries comparable to that of the similarly sized thioether cage. These species show that simple variations in ligand backbone allow variations in the number and type of functions that can be displayed towards the cavity of self-assembled hosts, which will have applications in biomimetic sensing, catalysis and molecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Z Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Hoi-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Courtney Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Bryce da Camara
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Ryan R Julian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Richard J Hooley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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33
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Brown CM, Lundberg DJ, Lamb JR, Kevlishvili I, Kleinschmidt D, Alfaraj YS, Kulik HJ, Ottaviani MF, Oldenhuis NJ, Johnson JA. Endohedrally Functionalized Metal-Organic Cage-Cross-Linked Polymer Gels as Modular Heterogeneous Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13276-13284. [PMID: 35819842 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of homogeneous catalysts onto supports to improve recyclability while maintaining catalytic efficiency is often a trial-and-error process limited by poor control of the local catalyst environment and few strategies to append catalysts to support materials. Here, we introduce a modular heterogenous catalysis platform that addresses these challenges. Our approach leverages the well-defined interiors of self-assembled Pd12L24 metal-organic cages/polyhedra (MOCs): simple mixing of a catalyst-ligand of choice with a polymeric ligand, spacer ligands, and a Pd salt induces self-assembly of Pd12L24-cross-linked polymer gels featuring endohedrally catalyst-functionalized junctions. Semi-empirical calculations show that catalyst incorporation into the MOC junctions of these materials has minimal affect on the MOC geometry, giving rise to well-defined nanoconfined catalyst domains as confirmed experimentally using several techniques. Given the unique network topology of these freestanding gels, they are mechanically robust regardless of their endohedral catalyst composition, allowing them to be physically manipulated and transferred from one reaction to another to achieve multiple rounds of catalysis. Moreover, by decoupling the catalyst environment (interior of MOC junctions) from the physical properties of the support (the polymer matrix), this strategy enables catalysis in environments where homogeneous catalyst analogues are not viable, as demonstrated for the Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization of 4-pentynoic acid in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica R Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Denise Kleinschmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yasmeen S Alfaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Nathan J Oldenhuis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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34
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Muratov K, Gagosz F. Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203452. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
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35
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Xu C, Lin Q, Shan C, Han X, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Guo C, Xie Y, Yu X, Song B, Song H, Wojtas L, Li X. Metallo‐Supramolecular Octahedral Cages with Three Types of Chirality towards Spontaneous Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203099. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Quanjie Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xin Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yinghao Xie
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
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36
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McTernan C, Davies JA, Nitschke JR. Beyond Platonic: How to Build Metal-Organic Polyhedra Capable of Binding Low-Symmetry, Information-Rich Molecular Cargoes. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10393-10437. [PMID: 35436092 PMCID: PMC9185692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of metallosupramolecular chemistry has advanced rapidly in recent years. Much work in this area has focused on the formation of hollow self-assembled metal-organic architectures and exploration of the applications of their confined nanospaces. These discrete, soluble structures incorporate metal ions as 'glue' to link organic ligands together into polyhedra.Most of the architectures employed thus far have been highly symmetrical, as these have been the easiest to prepare. Such high-symmetry structures contain pseudospherical cavities, and so typically bind roughly spherical guests. Biomolecules and high-value synthetic compounds are rarely isotropic, highly-symmetrical species. To bind, sense, separate, and transform such substrates, new, lower-symmetry, metal-organic cages are needed. Herein we summarize recent approaches, which taken together form the first draft of a handbook for the design of higher-complexity, lower-symmetry, self-assembled metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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37
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Wu K, Tessarolo J, Baksi A, Clever GH. Guest‐modulated Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Ligand‐to‐Ligand Chirality Transfer in Heteroleptic Pd(II) Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Ananya Baksi
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Guido H. Clever
- TU Dortmund University Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
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38
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Abstract
Supramolecular metal–organic cages, a class of molecular containers formed via coordination-driven self-assembly, have attracted sustained attention for their applications in catalysis, due to their structural aesthetics and unique properties. Their inherent confined cavity is considered to be analogous to the binding pocket of enzymes, and the facile tunability of building blocks offers a diverse platform for enzyme mimics to promote organic reactions. This minireview covers the recent progress of supramolecular metal–organic coordination cages for boosting organic reactions as reaction vessels or catalysts. The developments in the utilizations of the metal–organic cages for accelerating the organic reactions, improving the selectivity of the reactions are summarized. In addition, recent developments and successes in tandem or cascade reactions promoted by supramolecular metal–organic cages are discussed.
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39
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Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Xu C, Lin Q, Shan C, Han X, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Guo C, Xie Y, Yu X, Song B, Song H, Wojtas L, Li X. Metallo‐Supramolecular Octahedral Cages with Three Types of Chirality towards Spontaneous Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Quanjie Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xin Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yinghao Xie
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
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41
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Percástegui EG. Metal-organic cages against toxic chemicals and pollutants. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5055-5071. [PMID: 35383805 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The continuous release of toxic chemicals and pollutants into the atmosphere and natural waters threatens, directly and indirectly, human health, the sustainability of the planet, and the future of society. Materials capable of capturing or chemically inactivating hazardous substances, which are harmful to humans and the environment, are critical in the modern age. Metal-organic cages (MOCs) show great promise as materials against harmful agents both in solution and in solid state. This Highlight features examples of MOCs that selectively encapsulate, adsorb, or remove from a medium noxious gases, toxic organophosphorus compounds, water pollutant oxoanions, and some emerging organic contaminants. Remarkably, the toxicity of interacting contaminants may be lowered by MOCs as well. Specific cases pertaining to the use of these cages for the chemical degradation of some harmful substances are presented. This Highlight thus aims to provide an overview of the possibilities of MOCs in this area and new methodological insights into their operation for enhancing their activity and the engineering of further remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo G Percástegui
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico. .,Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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42
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Saha R, Mondal B, Mukherjee PS. Molecular Cavity for Catalysis and Formation of Metal Nanoparticles for Use in Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12244-12307. [PMID: 35438968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The employment of weak intermolecular interactions in supramolecular chemistry offers an alternative approach to project artificial chemical environments like the active sites of enzymes. Discrete molecular architectures with defined shapes and geometries have become a revolutionary field of research in recent years because of their intrinsic porosity and ease of synthesis using dynamic non-covalent/covalent interactions. Several porous molecular cages have been constructed from simple building blocks by self-assembly, which undergoes many self-correction processes to form the final architecture. These supramolecular systems have been developed to demonstrate numerous applications, such as guest stabilization, drug delivery, catalysis, smart materials, and many other related fields. In this respect, catalysis in confined nanospaces using such supramolecular cages has seen significant growth over the years. These porous discrete cages contain suitable apertures for easy intake of substrates and smooth release of products to exhibit exceptional catalytic efficacy. This review highlights recent advancements in catalytic activity influenced by the nanocavities of hydrogen-bonded cages, metal-ligand coordination cages, and dynamic or reversible covalently bonded organic cages in different solvent media. Synthetic strategies for these three types of supramolecular systems are discussed briefly and follow similar and simplistic approaches manifested by simple starting materials and benign conditions. These examples demonstrate the progress of various functionalized molecular cages for specific chemical transformations in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Finally, we discuss the enduring challenges related to porous cage compounds that need to be overcome for further developments in this field of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Saha
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur-495 009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
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43
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Modifying electron injection kinetics for selective photoreduction of nitroarenes into cyclic and asymmetric azo compounds. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1940. [PMID: 35410425 PMCID: PMC9001638 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractModifying the reactivity of substrates by encapsulation is essential for microenvironment catalysts. Herein, we report an alternative strategy that modifies the entry behaviour of reactants into the microenvironment and substrate inclusion thermodynamics related to the capsule to control the electron injection kinetics and the selectivity of products from the nitroarenes photoreduction. The strategy includes the orchestration of capsule openings to control the electron injection kinetics of electron donors, and the capsule’s pocket to encapsulate more than one nitroarene molecules, facilitating a condensation reaction between the in situ formed azanol and nitroso species to produce azo product. The conceptual microenvironment catalyst endows selective conversion of asymmetric azo products from different nitroarenes, wherein, the estimated diameter and inclusion Gibbs free energy of substrates are used to control and predict the selectivity of products. Inhibition experiments confirm a typical enzymatic conversion, paving a new avenue for rational design of photocatalysts toward green chemistry.
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44
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Ngai C, Wu HT, da Camara B, Williams CG, Mueller LJ, Julian RR, Hooley RJ. Moderated Basicity of Endohedral Amine Groups in an Octa-Cationic Self-Assembled Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117011. [PMID: 35030288 PMCID: PMC8885886 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A self-assembled FeII4 L6 cage was synthesized with 12 internal amines in the cavity. The cage forms as the dodeca-ammonium salt, despite the cage carrying an overall 8+ charge at the metal centers, extracting protons from displaced water in the reaction. Despite this, the basicity of the internal amines is lower than their counterparts in free solution. The 12 amines have a sliding scale of basicity, with a ≈6 pKa unit difference between the first and last protons to be removed. This moderation of side-chain basicity in an active site is a hallmark of enzymatic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Ngai
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Hoi-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Bryce da Camara
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Christopher G Williams
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Leonard J Mueller
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Ryan R Julian
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Richard J Hooley
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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45
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Dong M, Liu X, Zhang ZY, Yu C, Huo B, Li C. Synthesis of a large-cavity carbazole macrocycle for size-dependent recognition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2319-2322. [PMID: 35076035 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06788e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A large-cavity carbazole macrocycle (1) is reported through condensation of a long and rigid monomer and paraformaldehyde. 1 exhibits highly selective binding of large-sized tetra(n-propyl) ammonium cation 3+. The complexation of 3+ by 1 is counter anion-dependent, where Cl- gives the highest association constant of 3010 ± 230 M-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Chengmao Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China. .,Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Bochao Huo
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China. .,Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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46
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Li K, Wu K, Lu Y, Guo J, Hu P, Su C. Creating Dynamic Nanospaces in Solution by Cationic Cages as Multirole Catalytic Platform for Unconventional C(sp)−H Activation Beyond Enzyme Mimics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yu‐Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jing Guo
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Peng Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Cheng‐Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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47
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Ngai C, Wu H, Camara B, Williams CG, Mueller LJ, Julian RR, Hooley RJ. Moderated Basicity of Endohedral Amine Groups in an Octa‐Cationic Self‐Assembled Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Ngai
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Hoi‐Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Bryce Camara
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Christopher G. Williams
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Leonard J. Mueller
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Ryan R. Julian
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
| | - Richard J. Hooley
- Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis University of California—Riverside Riverside CA, 92521 USA
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48
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49
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Poole III DA, Bobylev EO, Mathew S, Reek JNH. Entropy directs the self-assembly of supramolecular palladium coordination macrocycles and cages. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10141-10148. [PMID: 36128226 PMCID: PMC9430592 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03154j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of palladium-based cages is frequently rationalized via the cumulative enthalpy (ΔH) of bonds between coordination nodes (M, i.e., Pd) and ligand (L) components. This focus on enthalpic rationale limits the complete understanding of the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) for self-assembly, as entropic (ΔS) contributions are overlooked. Here, we present a study of the M2linL3 intermediate species (M = dinitrato(N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine)palladium(ii), linL = 4,4′-bipyridine), formed during the synthesis of triangle-shaped (M3linL3) and square-shaped (M4linL4) coordination macrocycles. Thermochemical analyses by variable temperature (VT) 1H-NMR revealed that the M2linL3 intermediate exhibited an unfavorable (relative) ΔS compared to M3linL3 (triangle, ΔTΔS = +5.22 kcal mol−1) or M4linL4 (square, ΔTΔS = +2.37 kcal mol−1) macrocycles. Further analysis of these constructs with molecular dynamics (MD) identified that the self-assembly process is driven by ΔG losses facilitated by increases in solvation entropy (ΔSsolv, i.e., depletion of solvent accessible surface area) that drives the self-assembly from “open” intermediates toward “closed” macrocyclic products. Expansion of our computational approach to the analysis of self-assembly in PdnbenL2n cages (benL = 4,4'-(5-ethoxy-1,3-phenylene)dipyridine), demonstrated that ΔSsolv contributions drive the self-assembly of both thermodynamic cage products (i.e., Pd12benL24) and kinetically-trapped intermediates (i.e., Pd8cL16). These studies demonstrate that ΔS drives the self-assembly of supramolecular palladium-based coordination macrocycles and cages. As this ΔS contribution arises from solvation, these findings broadly reflect the thermodynamic drive of self-assembly to form compact structures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Poole III
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular, and Bioinspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. O. Bobylev
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular, and Bioinspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. Mathew
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular, and Bioinspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. N. H. Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular, and Bioinspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Li S, Liu C, Chen Q, Jiang F, Yuan D, Sun QF, Hong M. Adaptive coordination assemblies based on a flexible tetraazacyclododecane ligand for promoting carbon dioxide fixation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9016-9022. [PMID: 36091216 PMCID: PMC9365242 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination hosts based on flexible ligands have received increasing attention due to their inherent adaptive cavities that often show induced-fit guest binding and catalysis like enzymes. Herein, we report the controlled self-assembly of a series of homo/heterometallic coordination hosts (Me4enPd)2n(ML)n [n = 2/3; M = Zn(ii)/Co(ii)/Ni(ii)/Cu(ii)/Pd(ii)/Ag(i); Me4en: N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine] with different shapes (tube/cage) from a flexible tetraazacyclododecane-based pyridinyl ligand (L) and cis-blocking Me4enPd(ii) units. While the Ag(i)-metalated ligand (AgL) gave rise to the formation of a (Me4enPd)4(ML)2-type cage, all other M(ii) ions led to isostructural (Me4enPd)6(ML)3-type tubular complexes. Structural transformations between cages and tubes could be realized through transmetalation of the ligand. The buffering effect on the ML panels endows the coordination tubes with remarkable acid–base resistance, which makes the (Me4enPd)6(ZnL)3 host an effective catalyst for the CO2 to CO32− conversion. Control experiments suggested that the integration of multiple active Zn(ii) sites on the tubular host and the perfect geometry match between CO32− and the cavity synergistically promoted such a conversion. Our results provide an important strategy for the design of adaptive coordination hosts to achieve efficient carbon fixation. A series of coordination hosts were prepared and their applications in CO2 fixation were studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Caiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Feilong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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