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Wang S, Yang N, Zhang H. Metabolic dysregulation of lymphocytes in autoimmune diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:624-637. [PMID: 38355391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Lymphocytes are crucial for protective immunity against infection and cancers; however, immune dysregulation can lead to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Metabolic adaptation controls lymphocyte fate; thus, metabolic reprogramming can contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances on how metabolic reprogramming determines the autoreactive and proinflammatory nature of lymphocytes in SLE and RA, unraveling molecular mechanisms and providing therapeutic targets for human autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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2
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Cao S, Jiang J, Yin H, Wang L, Lu Q. Abnormal energy metabolism in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112149. [PMID: 38692019 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease with significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Orderly energy metabolism is essential for normal immune function, and disordered energy metabolism is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of SLE. Disorders of energy metabolism are characterized by increased reactive oxygen species, ATP deficiency, and abnormal metabolic pathways. Oxygen and mitochondria are critical for the production of ATP, and both mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia affect the energy production processes. In addition, several signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway also play important regulatory roles in energy metabolism. Furthermore, drugs with clear clinical effects on SLE, such as sirolimus, metformin, and tacrolimus, have been proven to improve the disordered energy metabolism of immune cells, suggesting the potential of targeting energy metabolism for the treatment of SLE. Moreover, several metabolic modulators under investigation are expected to have potential therapeutic effects in SLE. This review aimed to gain insights into the role and mechanism of abnormal energy metabolism in the pathogenesis of SLE, and summarizes the progression of metabolic modulator in the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Cao
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Haoyuan Yin
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Wang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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3
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Hisada R, Kono M. Potential therapies targeting metabolic pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110224. [PMID: 38648959 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is multifactorial and involves alterations in metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Increased glycolysis in SLE T cells, which is associated with elevated glucose transporter 1 expression, suggests targeting glucose transporters and hexokinase as potential treatments. Abnormalities in lipid metabolism, particularly in lipid rafts and enzymes, present new therapeutic targets. This review discusses how changes in glutaminolysis and tryptophan metabolism affect T-cell function, suggesting new therapeutic interventions, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction in SLE, which increases reactive oxygen species. The review also emphasizes that modulating metabolic pathways in immune cells is a promising approach for SLE treatment, and can facilitate personalized therapies based on individual metabolic profiles of patients with SLE. The review provides novel insights into strategies for managing SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Hisada
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
| | - Michihito Kono
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
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4
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Mizui M, Kono M. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting abnormal T-cell signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110182. [PMID: 38458302 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases have been based on the use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents that broadly suppress immune responses. Therefore, organ damage from long-term use and infections due to immunocompromised status have been significant issues. Safer immunosuppressants and biological agents are now available, but there is still an urgent need to develop specific drugs to replace glucocorticoids. T-lymphocytes, central players in immune responses, could be crucial targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Extensive research has been conducted on the phenotypic changes of T-cells in systemic lupus erythematosus, which has led to the discovery of various therapeutic strategies. In this comprehensive review, we discuss novel treatment approaches and target molecules with expected effectiveness in humans and mice, based on research for lymphocytes involved in autoimmune diseases, especially T-cells in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Mizui
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Michihito Kono
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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5
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Thomas R, Klaus T. The role of cAMP dependent gene transcription in lupus pathophysiology. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110179. [PMID: 38460896 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
T lymphocytes play a major role in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. T cellular dysregulation includes significant alterations in signal transduction, cytokine production and metabolic pathways. The cAMP dependent transcription factors like CREB and CREM exert pleiotropic functions as they are critically involved in epigenetic conformational changes and gene regulation of different key effector cytokines in CD4+ T cells including that of IL2, IL17 and IL21 genes. In the present review we review current knowledge on altered expression and function of these factors in T cells that promote autoimmunity in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rauen Thomas
- RWTH Aachen University, Dept. of Rheumatology, Germany
| | - Tenbrock Klaus
- RWTH Aachen University, Translational Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Germany; Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital University of Bern, Pediatric Rheumatology, Switzerland.
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6
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Rojo-Sánchez A, Carmona-Martes A, Díaz-Olmos Y, Santamaría-Torres M, Cala MP, Orozco-Acosta E, Aroca-Martínez G, Pacheco-Londoño L, Navarro-Quiroz E, Pacheco-Lugo LA. Urinary metabolomic profiling of a cohort of Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9555. [PMID: 38664528 PMCID: PMC11045835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and multisystem disease with a high public health impact. Lupus nephritis (LN), commonly known as renal involvement in SLE, is associated with a poorer prognosis and increased rates of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. Identifying new urinary biomarkers that can be used for LN prognosis or diagnosis is essential and is part of current active research. In this study, we applied an untargeted metabolomics approach involving liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to urine samples collected from 17 individuals with SLE and no kidney damage, 23 individuals with LN, and 10 clinically healthy controls (HCs) to identify differential metabolic profiles for SLE and LN. The data analysis revealed a differentially abundant metabolite expression profile for each study group, and those metabolites may act as potential differential biomarkers of SLE and LN. The differential metabolic pathways found between the LN and SLE patients with no kidney involvement included primary bile acid biosynthesis, branched-chain amino acid synthesis and degradation, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, lysine degradation, and tryptophan metabolism. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that monopalmitin, glycolic acid, and glutamic acid allowed for the differentiation of individuals with SLE and no kidney involvement and individuals with LN considering high confidence levels. While the results offer promise, it is important to recognize the significant influence of medications and other external factors on metabolomics studies. This impact has the potential to obscure differences in metabolic profiles, presenting a considerable challenge in the identification of disease biomarkers. Therefore, experimental validation should be conducted with a larger sample size to explore the diagnostic potential of the metabolites found as well as to examine how treatment and disease activity influence the identified chemical compounds. This will be crucial for refining the accuracy and effectiveness of using urine metabolomics for diagnosing and monitoring lupus and lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rojo-Sánchez
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Ada Carmona-Martes
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Yirys Díaz-Olmos
- Health Sciences Division, Medicine Program, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Mary Santamaría-Torres
- Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica P Cala
- Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Erick Orozco-Acosta
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Aroca-Martínez
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Clínica de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Pacheco-Londoño
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Elkin Navarro-Quiroz
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Lisandro A Pacheco-Lugo
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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7
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Chandra Jena B, Flaherty DP, O'Brien VP, Watts VJ. Biochemical pharmacology of adenylyl cyclases in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116160. [PMID: 38522554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Globally, despite extensive research and pharmacological advancement, cancer remains one of the most common causes of mortality. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in cancer progression is essential for the discovery of new drug targets. The adenylyl cyclase (AC) superfamily comprises glycoproteins that regulate intracellular signaling and convert ATP into cyclic AMP, an important second messenger. The present review highlights the involvement of ACs in cancer progression and suppression, broken down for each specific mammalian AC isoform. The precise mechanisms by which ACs contribute to cancer cell proliferation and invasion are not well understood and are variable among cancer types; however, AC overactivation, along with that of downstream regulators, presents a potential target for novel anticancer therapies. The expression patterns of ACs in numerous cancers are discussed. In addition, we highlight inhibitors of AC-related signaling that are currently under investigation, with a focus on possible anti-cancer strategies. Recent discoveries with small molecules regarding more direct modulation AC activity are also discussed in detail. A more comprehensive understanding of different components in AC-related signaling could potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for personalized oncology and might enhance the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chandra Jena
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Valerie P O'Brien
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Val J Watts
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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8
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322574121. [PMID: 38451947 PMCID: PMC10945812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322574121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo. Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warakorn Kulalert
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Alexandria C. Wells
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Verena M. Link
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Ai Ing Lim
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Motoyoshi Nagai
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Oliver J. Harrison
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Olena Kamenyeva
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Unite Metaorganisme, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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9
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Scherlinger M, Li H, Pan W, Li W, Karino K, Vichos T, Boulougoura A, Yoshida N, Tsokos MG, Tsokos GC. CaMK4 controls follicular helper T cell expansion and function during normal and autoimmune T-dependent B cell responses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:840. [PMID: 38287012 PMCID: PMC10825135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulated B cell compartment responsible for the production of autoantibodies. Here, we show that T cell-specific expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMK4) leads to T follicular helper (Tfh) cells expansion in models of T-dependent immunization and autoimmunity. Mechanistically, CaMK4 controls the Tfh-specific transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) at the transcriptional level through the cAMP responsive element modulator α (CREMα). In the absence of CaMK4 in T cells, germinal center formation and humoral immunity is impaired in immunized mice, resulting in reduced anti-dsDNA titres, as well as IgG and complement kidney deposition in the lupus-prone B6.lpr mouse. In human Tfh cells, CaMK4 inhibition reduced BCL6 expression and IL-21 secretion ex vivo, resulting in impaired plasmablast formation and IgG production. In patients with SLE, CAMK4 mRNA levels in Tfh cells correlated with those of BCL6. In conclusion, we identify CaMK4/CREMα as a driver of T cell-dependent B cell dysregulation in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Scherlinger
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Rheumatology department, Strasbourg University Hospital of Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenliang Pan
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kohei Karino
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodoros Vichos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria G Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573358. [PMID: 38234748 PMCID: PMC10793430 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a novel mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo . Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8 + T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. Neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology. Significance statement Multisystem coordination at barrier surfaces is critical for optimal tissue functions and integrity, in response to microbial and environmental cues. In this study, we identified a novel neuroimmune crosstalk mechanism between the sensory nervous system and the adaptive immune response to the microbiota, mediated by the neuropeptide CGRP and its receptor RAMP1 on skin microbiota-induced T lymphocytes. The neuroimmune CGPR-RAMP1 axis constrains adaptive immunity to the microbiota and overall limits the activation status of the skin epithelium, impacting tissue responses to wounding. Our study opens the door to a new avenue to modulate adaptive immunity to the microbiota utilizing neuromodulators, allowing for a more integrative and tailored approach to harnessing microbiota-induced T cells to promote barrier tissue protection and repair.
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11
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Han J, Cherry C, Mejías JC, Krishnan K, Ruta A, Maestas DR, Peña AN, Nguyen HH, Nagaraj S, Yang B, Gray-Gaillard EF, Rutkowski N, Browne M, Tam AJ, Fertig EJ, Housseau F, Ganguly S, Moore EM, Pardoll DM, Elisseeff JH. Age-associated Senescent - T Cell Signaling Promotes Type 3 Immunity that Inhibits the Biomaterial Regenerative Response. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310476. [PMID: 38087458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with immunological changes that compromise response to infections and vaccines, exacerbate inflammatory diseases and can potentially mitigate tissue repair. Even so, age-related changes to the immune response to tissue damage and regenerative medicine therapies remain unknown. Here, it is characterized how aging induces changes in immunological signatures that inhibit tissue repair and therapeutic response to a clinical regenerative biological scaffold derived from extracellular matrix. Signatures of inflammation and interleukin (IL)-17 signaling increased with injury and treatment both locally and regionally in aged animals, and computational analysis uncovered age-associated senescent-T cell communication that promotes type 3 immunity in T cells. Local inhibition of type 3 immune activation using IL17-neutralizing antibodies improves healing and restores therapeutic response to the regenerative biomaterial, promoting muscle repair in older animals. These results provide insights into tissue immune dysregulation that occurs with aging that can be targeted to rejuvenate repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Han
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Christopher Cherry
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Joscelyn C Mejías
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Kavita Krishnan
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Anna Ruta
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - David R Maestas
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Alexis N Peña
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Helen Hieu Nguyen
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Sushma Nagaraj
- Department of Neurology, Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Brenda Yang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Elise F Gray-Gaillard
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Natalie Rutkowski
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Maria Browne
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Ada J Tam
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Franck Housseau
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Sudipto Ganguly
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Erika M Moore
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Drew M Pardoll
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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12
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Loh L, Carcy S, Krovi HS, Domenico J, Spengler A, Lin Y, Torres J, Palmer W, Norman PJ, Stone M, Brunetti T, Meyer HV, Gapin L. Unraveling the Phenotypic States of Human innate-like T Cells: Comparative Insights with Conventional T Cells and Mouse Models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.07.570707. [PMID: 38105962 PMCID: PMC10723458 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The "innate-like" T cell compartment, known as Tinn, represents a diverse group of T cells that straddle the boundary between innate and adaptive immunity, having the ability to mount rapid responses following activation. In mice, this ability is acquired during thymic development. We explored the transcriptional landscape of Tinn compared to conventional T cells (Tconv) in the human thymus and blood using single cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. We reveal that in human blood, the majority of Tinn cells, including iNKT, MAIT, and Vδ2+Vγ9+ T cells, share an effector program characterized by the expression of unique chemokine and cytokine receptors, and cytotoxic molecules. This program is driven by specific transcription factors, distinct from those governing Tconv cells. Conversely, only a fraction of thymic Tinn cells displays an effector phenotype, while others share transcriptional features with developing Tconv cells, indicating potential divergent developmental pathways. Unlike the mouse, human Tinn cells do not differentiate into multiple effector subsets but develop a mixed type I/type III effector potential. To conduct a comprehensive cross-species analysis, we constructed a murine Tinn developmental atlas and uncovered additional species-specific distinctions, including the absence of type II Tinn cells in humans, which implies distinct immune regulatory mechanisms across species. The study provides insights into the development and functionality of Tinn cells, emphasizing their role in immune responses and their potential as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyen Loh
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Salomé Carcy
- School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yong Lin
- Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Torres
- Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - William Palmer
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Paul J. Norman
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | | | - Tonya Brunetti
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Hannah V. Meyer
- Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Gapin
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
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13
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Carlsson E, Cowell-McGlory T, Hedrich CM. cAMP responsive element modulator α promotes effector T cells in systemic autoimmune diseases. Immunology 2023; 170:470-482. [PMID: 37435993 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes play a crucial role in adaptive immunity. Dysregulation of T cell-derived inflammatory cytokine expression and loss of self-tolerance promote inflammation and tissue damage in several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis. The transcription factor cAMP responsive element modulator α (CREMα) plays a key role in the regulation of T cell homeostasis. Increased expression of CREMα is a hallmark of the T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases SLE and psoriasis. Notably, CREMα regulates the expression of effector molecules through trans-regulation and/or the co-recruitment of epigenetic modifiers, including DNA methyltransferases (DNMT3a), histone-methyltransferases (G9a) and histone acetyltransferases (p300). Thus, CREMα may be used as a biomarker for disease activity and/or target for future targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Carlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Taylor Cowell-McGlory
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Paediatric Excellence Initiative, NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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14
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Güzel N, Rink L, Fischer HJ. Zinc Modulates Glutamine Metabolism in T Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300155. [PMID: 37658486 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Zinc and glutamine are well known to be essential for the function and polarization of immune cells. TH 17 cells are more frequently induced during zinc deficiency and cover their energy requirement mainly through glutaminolysis. A dysregulation of TH 17 cells can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. Both inhibition of glutaminolysis and zinc supplementation suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether zinc modulates glutaminolysis in T cells. METHODS AND RESULTS CD3/CD28 stimulation and mixed lymphocytes culture are used as in vitro models for T cell activation. Then, the glutaminolysis is investigated on mRNA, protein, and functional level. Zinc deficiency and glutaminase (GLS) inhibition decrease immune responses in vitro. Furthermore, extracellular zinc and glutamine levels both modulate glutaminolysis by changing the expression of glutamine transporters and key enzymes. Intriguingly, zinc directly interferes with the activity of GLS both in a cell free system and in the cytosol. CONCLUSION Besides T cell subset differentiation, zinc also impacts on the cellular metabolism by inhibiting glutaminolysis. This suggests that zinc deficiency can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases whereas zinc supplementation can support their therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nergis Güzel
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henrike Josephine Fischer
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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15
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Kośliński P, Rzepiński Ł, Daghir-Wojtkowiak E, Koba M, Maciejek Z. Serum amino acid profiles in patients with myasthenia gravis. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1157-1172. [PMID: 37474707 PMCID: PMC10564828 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and rapid fatigue. Diagnostic methods used for myasthenia gravis are not conclusive and satisfactory, therefore it is necessary to develop reliable tools to help diagnose myasthenia gravis as early as possible. The aim of the study was to use HPLC-MS in conjunction with multivariate statistical analyses to investigate changes in the amino acid metabolic profiles between myasthenia gravis patients compared and controls. In addition, the effect of treatment regimens and myasthenia gravis type, on the observed changes in amino acid metabolic profiles were assessed. Serum levels of 29 amino acids were determined in 2 groups of individuals-28 patients with myasthenia gravis and 53 control subjects (CS). The results of our study indicate that serum levels of several amino acids in patients with myasthenia gravis changed significantly compared to the control group. Statistical analysis revealed differences between amino acids concentration in patients with different therapeutic scheme. In conclusion, amino acids may be involved in mechanisms underlying myasthenia gravis pathogenesis as well as may be potential biomarkers in MG patients diagnosis. However, considering the multifactorial, heterogenous and complex nature of this disease, validation on a larger study sample in further research is required before application into diagnostic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kośliński
- Department of Toxicology and Bromatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Rzepiński
- Department of Neurology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Powstańców Warszawy 5, 85-681, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Sanitas - Neurology Outpatient Clinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Koba
- Department of Toxicology and Bromatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Zdzisław Maciejek
- Department of Neurology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Powstańców Warszawy 5, 85-681, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Sanitas - Neurology Outpatient Clinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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16
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Park JS, Perl A. Endosome Traffic Modulates Pro-Inflammatory Signal Transduction in CD4 + T Cells-Implications for the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10749. [PMID: 37445926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling regulates the cell surface receptor composition of the plasma membrane. The surface expression levels of the T cell receptor (TCR), in concert with signal transducing co-receptors, regulate T cell responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. Altered TCR expression contributes to pro-inflammatory skewing, which is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), defined by a reduced function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the expansion of CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The ensuing secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23, trigger autoantibody production and tissue infiltration by cells of the adaptive and innate immune system that induce organ damage. Endocytic recycling influences immunological synapse formation by CD4+ T lymphocytes, signal transduction from crosslinked surface receptors through recruitment of adaptor molecules, intracellular traffic of organelles, and the generation of metabolites to support growth, cytokine production, and epigenetic control of DNA replication and gene expression in the cell nucleus. This review will delineate checkpoints of endosome traffic that can be targeted for therapeutic interventions in autoimmune and other disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy S Park
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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17
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Yang J, Chen Y, Li X, Qin H, Bao J, Wang C, Dong X, Xu D. Complex Interplay Between Metabolism and CD4 + T-Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Function: a Novel Perspective for Atherosclerosis Immunotherapy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07466-9. [PMID: 37199882 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex pathological process that results from the chronic inflammatory reaction of the blood vessel wall and involves various immune cells and cytokines. An imbalance in the proportion and function of the effector CD4+ T-cell (Teff) and regulatory T-cell (Treg) subsets is an important cause of the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic plaques. Teff cells depend on glycolytic metabolism and glutamine catabolic metabolism for energy, while Treg cells mainly rely on fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which is crucial for determining the fate of CD4+ T cells during differentiation and maintaining their respective immune functions. Here, we review recent research achievements in the field of immunometabolism related to CD4+ T cells, focusing on the cellular metabolic pathways and metabolic reprogramming involved in the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Subsequently, we discuss the important roles of mTOR and AMPK signaling in regulating CD4+ T-cell differentiation. Finally, we evaluated the links between CD4+ T-cell metabolism and atherosclerosis, highlighting the potential of targeted modulation of CD4+ T-cell metabolism in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yanying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Huali Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jinghui Bao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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18
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Saadh MJ, Kazemi K, Khorramdelazad H, Mousavi MJ, Noroozi N, Masoumi M, Karami J. Role of T cells in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematous: Focus on immunometabolism dysfunctions. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110246. [PMID: 37148769 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence demonstrates that T cells are implicated in developing SLE, and each of them dominantly uses distinct metabolic pathways. Indeed, intracellular enzymes and availability of specific nutrients orchestrate fate of T cells and lead to differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg), memory T cells, helper T cells, and effector T cells. The function of T cells in inflammatory and autoimmune responses is determined by metabolic processes and activity of their enzymes. Several studies were conducted to determine metabolic abnormalities in SLE patients and clarify how these modifications could control the functions of the involved T cells. Metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, mitochondrial pathways, oxidative stress, mTOR pathway, fatty acid and amino acid metabolisms are dysregulated in SLE T cells. Moreover, immunosuppressive drugs used in treating autoimmune diseases, including SLE, could affect immunometabolism. Developing drugs to regulate autoreactive T cell metabolism could be a promising therapeutic approach for SLE treatment. Accordingly, increased knowledge about metabolic processes paves the way to understanding SLE pathogenesis better and introduces novel therapeutic options for SLE treatment. Although monotherapy with metabolic pathways modulators might not be sufficient to prevent autoimmune disease, they may be an ideal adjuvant to reduce administration doses of immunosuppressive drugs, thus reducing drug-associated adverse effects. This review summarized emerging data about T cells that are involved in SLE pathogenesis, focusing on immunometabolism dysregulation and how these modifications could affect the disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan; Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mousavi
- Department of Hematology, School of Para-Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Negar Noroozi
- Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
| | - Jafar Karami
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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19
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Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) cells are IL-17-producing CD4 T cells that play a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. IL-17 is a key cytokine for host protection against mucosal and skin infection but is also one of the major pathogenic cytokines. IL-1 and IL-23 are requisite for stimulating pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation and proliferation. Therapeutics targeting the IL-17/IL-23 pathway are widely used clinically for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Besides IL-17, pathogenic Th17 cells produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, IL-21 and IL-22. However, Th17-targeted therapy has not yet been established. T cell metabolism orchestrates T cell survival, cell differentiation, epigenetic change and function and each T cell subset favors a particular metabolic pathway. Recent studies have provided novel insights into the role of T cell metabolism in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The current review focuses on the role of Th17 cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases, particularly glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, as well as the regulators of these processes, including mTORC1. Therapeutics targeting T cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases could serve as a possible treatment option for patients who are refractory to or unresponsive to conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihito Kono
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Itaconate ameliorates autoimmunity by modulating T cell imbalance via metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2023; 14:984. [PMID: 36849508 PMCID: PMC9970976 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36594-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of Th17 and Treg cells contributes to the pathophysiology of many autoimmune diseases. Herein, we show that itaconate, an immunomodulatory metabolite, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and promotes Treg cell differentiation by orchestrating metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Mechanistically, itaconate suppresses glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in Th17- and Treg-polarizing T cells. Following treatment with itaconate, the S-adenosyl-L-methionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio and 2-hydroxyglutarate levels are decreased by inhibiting the synthetic enzyme activities in Th17 and Treg cells, respectively. Consequently, these metabolic changes are associated with altered chromatin accessibility of essential transcription factors and key gene expression in Th17 and Treg cell differentiation, including decreased RORγt binding at the Il17a promoter. The adoptive transfer of itaconate-treated Th17-polarizing T cells ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These results indicate that itaconate is a crucial metabolic regulator for Th17/Treg cell balance and could be a potential therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases.
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21
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Yang Y, Yan C, Yu L, Zhang X, Shang J, Fan J, Zhang R, Ren J, Duan X. The star target in SLE: IL-17. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:313-328. [PMID: 36538077 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to discuss the significance of IL-17 in SLE and the potential of IL-17-targeted therapy. BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect many organs and tissues throughout the body. It is characterized by overactive B and T cells and loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a cytokine that promotes inflammation and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases as well as inflammatory diseases. In in vitro cellular experiments in lupus susceptible mice or SLE patients, there is substantial evidence that IL-17 is a highly promising therapeutic target. METHODS We searched papers from PubMed database using the search terms, such as interleukin-17, systemic lupus erythematosus, treatment targets, T cells, lupus nephritis, and other relevant terms. RESULTS We discuss in this paper the molecular mechanisms of IL-17 expression, Th17 cell proliferation, and the relationship between IL-17 and Th17. The significance of IL-17 in SLE and the potential of IL-17-targeted therapy are further discussed in detail. CONCLUSION IL-17 has a very high potential for the development as a star target in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiuling Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingjing Shang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rongwei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinwang Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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22
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Srimadh Bhagavatham SK, Pulukool SK, Pradhan SS, R S, Ashok Naik A, V M DD, Sivaramakrishnan V. Systems biology approach delineates critical pathways associated with disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-22. [PMID: 36047508 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2115555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease leading to inflammation, cartilage cell death, synoviocyte proliferation, and increased and impaired differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts leading to joint erosions and deformities. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics datasets were analyzed to identify the critical pathways that drive the RA pathophysiology. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with RA were analyzed for the functional implications, clinical outcomes, and blood parameters later validated by literature. SNPs associated with RA were grouped into pathways that drive the immune response and cytokine production. Further gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on gene expression omnibus (GEO) data sets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), synovial macrophages, and synovial biopsies from RA patients showed enrichment of Th1, Th2, Th17 differentiation, viral and bacterial infections, metabolic signalling and immunological pathways with potential implications for RA. The proteomics data analysis presented pathways with genes involved in immunological signaling and metabolic pathways, including vitamin B12 and folate metabolism. Metabolomics datasets analysis showed significant pathways like amino-acyl tRNA biosynthesis, metabolism of amino acids (arginine, alanine aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan), and nucleotide metabolism. Furthermore, our commonality analysis of multi-omics datasets identified common pathways with potential implications for joint remodeling in RA. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologics treatments were found to modulate many of the pathways that were deregulated in RA. Overall, our analysis identified molecular signatures associated with the observed symptoms, joint erosions, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in RA. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujith Kumar Pulukool
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
| | - Sai Sanwid Pradhan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
| | - Saiswaroop R
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
| | - Ashwin Ashok Naik
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
| | - Datta Darshan V M
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
| | - Venketesh Sivaramakrishnan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur, A.P., India
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23
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The deacetylase SIRT2 contributes to autoimmune disease pathogenesis by modulating IL-17A and IL-2 transcription. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:738-750. [PMID: 35523941 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant IL-17A expression together with reduced IL-2 production by effector CD4+ T cells contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we report that Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), a member of the family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, suppresses IL-2 production by CD4+ T cells while promoting their differentiation into Th17 cells. Mechanistically, we show that SIRT2 is responsible for the deacetylation of p70S6K, activation of the mTORC1/HIF-1α/RORγt pathway and induction of Th17-cell differentiation. Additionally, SIRT2 was shown to be responsible for the deacetylation of c-Jun and histones at the Il-2 gene, resulting in decreased IL-2 production. We found that the transcription factor inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), which is overexpressed in T cells from people with SLE and lupus-prone mice, bound directly to the Sirt2 promoter and promoted its transcription. AK-7, a SIRT2 inhibitor, limited the ability of adoptively transferred antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to cause autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice and limited disease in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Finally, CD4+ T cells from SLE patients exhibited increased expression of SIRT2, and pharmacological inhibition of SIRT2 in primary CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE attenuated the ability of these cells to differentiate into Th17 cells and promoted the generation of IL-2-producing T cells. Collectively, these results suggest that SIRT2-mediated deacetylation is essential in the aberrant expression of IL-17A and IL-2 and that SIRT2 may be a promising molecular target for new SLE therapies.
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24
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T cell dysregulation in SLE. Clin Immunol 2022; 239:109031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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25
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Muñoz-Urbano M, Quintero-González DC, Vasquez G. T cell metabolism and possible therapeutic targets in systemic lupus erythematosus: a narrative review. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:457-470. [PMID: 35352607 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2055568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there is a dysregulation of specific immune cells, including T cells. The metabolic reprogramming in T cells causes different effects. Metabolic programs are critical checkpoints in immune responses and are involved in the etiology of autoimmune disease. For instance, resting lymphocytes generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO), whereas activated lymphocytes rapidly shift to the glycolytic pathway. Specifically, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal metabolism (including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism), and mTOR signaling are hallmarks of T lymphocyte metabolic dysfunction in SLE. Herein it is summarized how metabolic defects contribute to T cell responses in SLE, and some epigenetic alterations involved in the disease. Finally, it is shown how metabolic defects could be modified therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gloria Vasquez
- Rheumatology Section, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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26
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Differential Expression of CREM/ICER Isoforms Is Associated with the Spontaneous Control of HIV Infection. mBio 2022; 13:e0197921. [PMID: 35041523 PMCID: PMC8725591 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01979-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A rare subset of HIV-infected individuals, termed elite controllers (ECs), can maintain long-term control over HIV replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). To elucidate the biological mechanism of resistance to HIV replication at the molecular and cellular levels, we performed RNA sequencing and identified alternative splicing variants from ECs, HIV-infected individuals undergoing ART, ART-naive HIV-infected individuals, and healthy controls. We identified differential gene expression patterns that are specific to ECs and may influence HIV resistance, including alternative RNA splicing and exon usage variants of the CREM/ICER gene (cyclic AMP [cAMP]-responsive element modulator/inducible cAMP early repressors). The knockout and knockdown of specific ICER exons that were found to be upregulated in ECs resulted in significantly increased HIV infection in a CD4+ T cell line and primary CD4+ T cells. Overexpression of ICER isoforms decreased HIV infection in primary CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, ICER regulated HIV long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter activity in a Tat-dependent manner. Together, these results suggest that ICER is an HIV host factor that may contribute to the HIV resistance of ECs. These findings will help elucidate the mechanisms of HIV control by ECs and may yield a new approach for treatment of HIV. IMPORTANCE A small group of HIV-infected individuals, termed elite controllers (ECs), display control of HIV replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the mechanism of ECs' resistance to HIV replication is not clear. In our work, we found an increased expression of specific, small isoforms of ICER in ECs. Further experiments proved that ICER is a robust host factor to regulate viral replication. Furthermore, we found that ICER regulates HIV LTR promoter activity in a Tat-dependent manner. These findings suggest that ICER is related to spontaneous control of HIV infection in ECs. This study may help elucidate a novel target for treatment of HIV.
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27
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Wang G, Su Z, Li H, Xiao L, Li C, Lian G. The role of metabolism in Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108450. [PMID: 34954561 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T helper 17 cells (Th17) have been associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, which makes them become a sharp focus when the researchers are seeking therapeutic target for these diseases. A growing body of evidence has suggested that cellular metabolism dictates Th17 cell differentiation and effector function. Moreover, various studies have disclosed that metabolism is linked to the occurrence of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we reviewed the most recent findings regarding the importance of metabolism in Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmune diseases and also discussed the modulation mechanisms of glycolysis, fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and amino acids metabolism for Th17 cell differentiation. This review summarized the potential therapeutic or preventing strategies for Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zehong Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Chengyue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Gaojian Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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28
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Subramanyam SH, Tenbrock K. The cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) is a regulator of CD4 + T cell function. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1591-1596. [PMID: 34448385 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) is a transcriptional regulator of different effector cytokines in CD4+ T cells including IL-2, IL-17, IL-21 but also IL-4 and IL-13 and thus an important determinant of central T helper cell functions. Our review gives an overview over the regulation of CREM in T cells and the pleiotropic effects of CREM on CD4+ T cells in health and autoimmune diseases with a particular focus on systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Tenbrock
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research IZKF, Aachen, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research IZKF, Münster, Germany
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29
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Hofmann SR, Carlsson E, Kapplusch F, Carvalho AL, Liloglou T, Schulze F, Abraham S, Northey S, Russ S, Surace AEA, Yoshida N, Tsokos GC, Hedrich CM. Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator-α Suppresses PD-1 Expression and Promotes Effector CD4 + T Cells in Psoriasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:55-64. [PMID: 34135066 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effector CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in psoriasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The transcription factor CREMα controls effector T cell function in people with systemic autoimmune diseases. The inhibitory surface coreceptor PD-1 plays a key role in the control of effector T cell function and its therapeutic inhibition in patients with cancer can cause psoriasis. In this study, we show that CD4+ T cells from patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis exhibit increased production of IL-17 but decreased expression of IL-2 and PD-1. In genetically modified mice and Jurkat T cells CREMα expression was linked to low PD-1 levels. We demonstrate that CREMα is recruited to the proximal promoter of PDCD1 in which it trans-represses gene expression and corecruits DNMT3a-mediating DNA methylation. As keratinocytes limit inflammation by PD-1 ligand expression and, in this study, reported reduced expression of PD-1 on CD4+ T cells is linked to low IL-2 and high IL-17A production, our studies reveal a molecular pathway in T cells from people with psoriasis that can deserve clinical exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun R Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emil Carlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Franz Kapplusch
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ana L Carvalho
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, The Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Schulze
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Abraham
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Northey
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Russ
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna E A Surace
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; .,Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's National Health Service Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; and.,National Institute for Health Research Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's National Health Service Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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30
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Bahmani L, Baghi M, Peymani M, Javeri A, Ghaedi K. MiR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p are involved in Th17 cell differentiation by negatively regulating RARB expression. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1375-1387. [PMID: 34086186 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Among T helper (Th) lineages differentiated from naïve CD4+ T cells, interleukin (IL)-17-producing Th17 cells are highly correlated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. This study aimed to clarify the involvement of miR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p in Th17 cell differentiation as well as explore their potential target genes involved. For this purpose, human naïve CD4+ T cells were cultured under Th17 cell polarizing condition. The differentiation process was confirmed through measurement of IL-17 secretion using the ELISA method and assessment of Th17 cell-defining genes expression during the differentiation period. MiR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p downstream genes were identified via consensus and integration in silico approach and their expression pattern and alterations were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Finally, direct interaction between both microRNAs (miRNAs) and their common predicted target sequences was approved by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Highly increased IL-17 secretion and Th17 lineage-specific genes expression confirmed Th17 cell differentiation. Our results have demonstrated that miR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p are Th17 cell-associated miRNAs and their expression level is upregulated significantly during Th17 cell induction. We have also found that retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) gene, whose product has been reported as a negative regulator of Th17 cell generation, is a direct target of both miRNAs and its downregulation can affect the transcriptional level of JAK/STAT pathway genes. Overall, our results have identified two novel Th17 lineage-associated miRNAs and have provided evidence for the RARB-dependent mechanism of miR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p-induced Th17 cell differentiation and hence Th17-mediated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Bahmani
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajoohesh Blvd., P.O. Code 14965-161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Baghi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave., Azadi Sq., P.O. Code 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajoohesh Blvd., P.O. Code 14965-161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave., Azadi Sq., P.O. Code 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran.
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31
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ADAM9 enhances Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmunity by activating TGF-β1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2023230118. [PMID: 33911034 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023230118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family of proteinases alter the extracellular environment and are involved in the development of T cells and autoimmunity. The role of ADAM family members in Th17 cell differentiation is unknown. We identified ADAM9 to be specifically expressed and to promote Th17 differentiation. Mechanistically, we found that ADAM9 cleaved the latency-associated peptide to produce bioactive transforming growth factor β1, which promoted SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and activation. A transcription factor inducible cAMP early repressor was found to bind directly to the ADAM9 promoter and to promote its transcription. Adam9-deficient mice displayed mitigated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and transfer of Adam9-deficient myelin oligodendrocyte globulin-specific T cells into Rag1 -/- mice failed to induce disease. At the translational level, an increased abundance of ADAM9 levels was observed in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and ADAM9 gene deletion in lupus primary CD4+ T cells clearly attenuated their ability to differentiate into Th17 cells. These findings revealed that ADAM9 as a proteinase provides Th17 cells with an ability to activate transforming growth factor β1 and accelerates its differentiation, resulting in aberrant autoimmunity.
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32
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Papadopoulou G, Xanthou G. Metabolic rewiring: a new master of Th17 cell plasticity and heterogeneity. FEBS J 2021; 289:2448-2466. [PMID: 33794075 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are characterized by inherent plasticity and heterogeneity displaying both pathogenic and tissue-protective functions. Emerging evidence has illuminated a pivotal role for metabolic reprogramming in shaping Th17 cell fate determination. Metabolic responses are regulated by a constellation of factors and environmental triggers, including cytokines, nutrients, oxygen levels, and metabolites. Dysregulation of metabolic pathways not only influences Th17 cell plasticity and effector function but also affects the outcome of Th17-linked autoimmune, inflammatory, and antitumor responses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning metabolic reprogramming can allow the enhancement of protective Th17 cell-mediated responses during infections and cancer, concomitant with the suppression of detrimental Th17 processes during autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In the present review, we describe major metabolic pathways underlying the differentiation of Th17 cells and their crosstalk with intracellular signaling mediators, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming affects Th17 cell plasticity and functions, and, finally, we outline current advances in the exploitation of metabolic checkpoints for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for the management of tissue inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Papadopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece.,Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgina Xanthou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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33
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW TCRαβ+CD4-CD8- double-negative T (DNT) cells, a principal subset of mature T lymphocytes, have been closely linked with autoimmune/inflammatory conditions. However, controversy persists regarding their ontogeny and function. Here, we present an overview on DNT cells in different autoimmune diseases to advance a deeper understanding of the contribution of this population to disease pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS DNT cells have been characterized in various chronic inflammatory diseases and they have been proposed to display pathogenic or regulatory function. The tissue location of DNT cells and the effector cytokines they produce bespeak to their active involvement in chronic inflammatory diseases. SUMMARY By producing various cytokines, expanded DNT cells in inflamed tissues contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, it is unclear whether this population represents a stable lineage consisting of different subsets similar to CD4+ T helper cell subset. Better understanding of the possible heterogeneity and plasticity of DNT cells is needed to reveal interventional therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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34
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Kono M, Yoshida N, Tsokos GC. Amino Acid Metabolism in Lupus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:623844. [PMID: 33692797 PMCID: PMC7938307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.623844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell metabolism is central to cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and aberrations have been linked to the pathophysiology of systemic autoimmune diseases. Besides glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation/synthesis, amino acid metabolism is also crucial in T cell metabolism. It appears that each T cell subset favors a unique metabolic process and that metabolic reprogramming changes cell fate. Here, we review the mechanisms whereby amino acid transport and metabolism affects T cell activation, differentiation and function in T cells in the prototype systemic autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus. New insights in amino acid handling by T cells should guide approaches to correct T cell abnormalities and disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihito Kono
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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35
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Koga T, Ichinose K, Kawakami A, Tsokos GC. Current Insights and Future Prospects for Targeting IL-17 to Treat Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624971. [PMID: 33597953 PMCID: PMC7882681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell abnormalities which lead to the production of autoantibodies and the deposition of immune complexes. Interleukin (IL)-17-producing cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease, making them an attractive therapeutic target. Studies in lupus-prone mice and of ex vivo cells from patients with SLE humans have shown that IL-17 represents a promising therapeutic target. Here we review molecular mechanisms involved in IL-17 production and Th17 cell differentiation and function and an update on the role of IL-17 in autoimmune diseases and the expected usefulness for targeting IL-17 therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Koga
- Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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36
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Hu S, Guo P, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Wang R, Zhang M, Tao J, Tai Y, Zhou W, Wei W, Wang Q. Down-regulation of A 3AR signaling by IL-6-induced GRK2 activation contributes to Th17 cell differentiation. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112482. [PMID: 33434531 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
IL-6-triggered Th17 cell expansion is responsible for the pathogenesis of many immune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Traditionally, IL-6 induces Th17 cell differentiation through JAK-STAT3 signaling. In the present work, PKA inhibition reduces in vitro induction of Th17 cells, while IL-6 stimulation of T cells facilitates the internalization of A3AR and increased cAMP production in a GRK2 dependent manner. Inhibition of GRK2 by paroxetine (PAR) or genetic depletion of GRK2 restored A3AR distribution and prevented Th17 cell differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo PAR treatment effectively reduced the splenic Th17 cell proportion in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) which was accompanied by a significant improvement in clinical manifestations. These results indicate that IL-6-induced Th17 cell differentiation not only occurs through JAK-STAT3-RORγt but is also mediated through GRK2-A3AR-cAMP-PKA-CREB/ICER-RORγt. This elucidates the significance of GRK2-controlled cAMP signaling in the differentiation of Th17 cells and its potential application in treating Th17-driven immune diseases such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230041, China
| | - Paipai Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yu Tai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Qingtong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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37
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Uddin MJ, Leslie JL, Petri WA. Host Protective Mechanisms to Intestinal Amebiasis. Trends Parasitol 2020; 37:165-175. [PMID: 33502317 PMCID: PMC7840892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, an infection that manifests as colitis and, in some cases, liver abscess. A better understanding of host protective factors is key to developing an effective remedy. Recently, significant advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of MUC2 production by goblet cells upon amebic infection, regulation of antimicrobial peptide production by Paneth cells, the interaction of commensal microbiota with immune stimulation, and host genetics in conferring protection from amebiasis. In addition to host pathways that may serve as potential therapeutic targets, significant progress has also been made with respect to development of a vaccine against amebiasis. Here, we aim to highlight the current understanding and knowledge gaps critically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jashim Uddin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jhansi L Leslie
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William A Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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38
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Th1, Th17, and Treg cells play distinct roles in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. During the last 5 years we have learned that T-cell metabolism affects cell survival, differentiation and fate of T cells. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight recent studies which have reported on T-cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases, differences in cellular metabolisms in T-cell subsets among various diseases and transcription factors which control the expression and function of central metabolic enzymes. SUMMARY Distinct metabolic processes control the function of T-cell subsets in autoimmune disease and known transcription factors control the activity of metabolic enzymes. The revealed insights into the metabolic events of immune cells offer opportunities for new therapeutic approaches.
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39
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Yang R, Huang H, Cui S, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Zhou Y. IFN-γ promoted exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells to attenuate colitis via miR-125a and miR-125b. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:603. [PMID: 32733020 PMCID: PMC7393506 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic effects for colitis through immunomodulation and anti-inflammation. However, whether MSC-derived exosomes possessed the similar function remains unclear. In present study, exosomes were isolated from control and IFN-γ-primed MSCs and was verified by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunofluorescence staining. Administration of exosomes to mice significantly improved the disease activity index and histological score of colitis, and decreased the ratio of Th17 cells with elevated Treg cells ratio in mice colitis model. Exosomes from IFN-γ-primed MSCs showed superior therapeutic effects to colitis. Exosomes treatment inhibited Th17 differentiation in vitro, and exosomes from IFN-γ-primed MSCs showed higher inhibition efficacy. Mechanistically, exosomes treatment significantly decreased the expression of Stat3 and p-Stat3 to inhibit Th17 cells differentiation. IFN-γ pretreatment increased the level of miR-125a and miR-125b of exosomes, which directly targeted on Stat3, to repress Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, combination of miR-125a and miR-125b agmior infusion also showed therapeutic effects for colitis, accompanied by decreased Th17 cell ratio. Collectively, this study demonstrates that IFN-γ treatment promoted exosomes from MSCs to attenuate colitis through increasing the level of miR-125a and miR-125b, which binding on 3′-UTR of Stat3 to repress Th17 cell differentiation. This study provides a new approach of exocytosis on the treatment of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaming Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yikun Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yanheng Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Režen T, Zmrzljak UP, Bensa T, Tomaš TC, Cirnski K, Stojan J, Rozman D. Novel insights into biological roles of inducible cAMP early repressor ICER. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:396-401. [PMID: 32534736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ICER corresponds to a group of alternatively spliced Inducible cAMP Early Repressors with high similarity, but multiple roles, including in circadian rhythm, and are involved in attenuation of cAMP-dependent gene expression. We present experimental and in silico data revealing biological differences between the isoforms with exon gamma (ICER) or without it (ICERγ). Both isoforms are expressed in the liver and the adrenal glands and can derive from differential splicing. In adrenals the expression is circadian, with maximum at ZT12 and higher amplitude of Icerγ. In the liver, the expression of Icerγ is lower than Icer in the 24 h time frame. Icer mRNA has a delayed early response to forskolin. The longer ICER protein binds to three DNA grooves of the Per1 promoter, while ICERγ only to two, as deduced by molecular modelling. This is in line with gel shift competition assays showing stronger binding of ICER to Per1 promotor. Only Icerγ siRNA provoked an increase of Per1 expression. In conclusion, we show that ICER and ICERγ have distinct biochemical properties in tissue expression, DNA binding, and response to forskolin. Data are in favour of ICERγ as the physiologically important form in hepatic cells where weaker binding of repressor might be preferred in guiding the cAMP-dependent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chip, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chip, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Bensa
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Cvitanović Tomaš
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chip, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Cirnski
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jure Stojan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chip, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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41
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Shan J, Jin H, Xu Y. T Cell Metabolism: A New Perspective on Th17/Treg Cell Imbalance in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1027. [PMID: 32528480 PMCID: PMC7257669 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Th17/T-regulatory (Treg) cell imbalance is involved in the occurrence and development of organ inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Metabolic pathways can regulate T cell differentiation and function, thus contributing to SLE inflammation. Increasingly, data have shown metabolism influences and reprograms the Th17/Treg cell balance, and the metabolic pattern of T cells is different in SLE. Notably, metabolic characteristics of SLE T cells, such as enhanced glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and highly activated mTOR, all favored Th17 differentiation and function, which underlie the Th17/Treg cell imbalance in SLE patients. Targeting metabolic pathways to reverse Th17/Treg imbalance offer a promising method for SLE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Shan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are relatively common autoimmune diseases, often considered prototypic examples for how protective immunity switches to destructive immunity. The autoantigens recognized in RA and SLE are distinct, clinical manifestations are partially overlapping. A shared feature is the propensity of the adaptive immune system to respond inappropriately, with T cell hyper-responsiveness a pinnacle pathogenic defect. Upon antigen recognition, T cells mobilize a multi-pranged metabolic program, enabling them to massively expand and turn into highly mobile effector cells. Current evidence supports that T cells from patients with RA or SLE adopt metabolic programs different from healthy T cells, in line with the concept that autoimmune effector functions rely on specified pathways of energy sensing, energy generation and energy utilization. Due to misrouting of the energy sensor AMPK, RA T cells have a defect in balancing catabolic and anabolic processes and deviate towards a cell-building program. They supply biosynthetic precursors by shunting glucose away from glycolytic breakdown towards the pentose phosphate pathway and upregulate lipogenesis, enabling cellular motility and tissue invasiveness. Conversely, T cells from SLE patients are committed to high glycolytic flux, overusing the mitochondrial machinery and imposing oxidative stress. Typically, disease-relevant effector functions in SLE are associated with inappropriate activation of the key metabolic regulator mTORC1. Taken together, disease-specific metabolic signatures in RA and SLE represent vulnerabilities that are therapeutically targetable to suppress pathogenic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wu
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jörg J. Goronzy
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to discuss recent developments in our understanding of how systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-associated genes contribute to autoimmunity. RECENT FINDINGS Gene-function studies have revealed mechanisms through which SLE-associated alleles of IFIH1, TNFAIP3, IRF5, and PRDM1 likely contribute to the development of autoimmunity. Novel research has identified Mac-1 (encoded by ITGAM), CaMK4, and iRhom2 as plausible therapeutic targets in lupus nephritis. SUMMARY The work discussed in this review has broad implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE and for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Abstract
Abnormal T cell responses are central to the development of autoimmunity and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus. Following stimulation, naïve T cells undergo rapid proliferation, differentiation and cytokine production. Since the initial report, approximately two decades ago, that engagement of CD28 enhances glycolysis but PD-1 and CTLA-4 decrease it, significant information has been generated which has linked metabolic reprogramming with the fate of differentiating T cell in health and autoimmunity. Herein we summarize how defects in mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, glycolysis, glutaminolysis and lipid metabolism contribute to pro-inflammatory T cell responses in systemic lupus erythematosus and discuss how metabolic defects can be exploited therapeutically.
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T cell metabolism: new insights in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis and therapy. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:100-112. [PMID: 31949287 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T cell subsets are critically involved in the development of systemic autoimmunity and organ inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Each T cell subset function (such as effector, helper, memory or regulatory function) is dictated by distinct metabolic pathways requiring the availability of specific nutrients and intracellular enzymes. The activity of these enzymes or nutrient transporters influences the differentiation and function of T cells in autoimmune responses. Data are increasingly emerging on how metabolic processes control the function of various T cell subsets and how these metabolic processes are altered in SLE. Specifically, aberrant glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acid and glycosphingolipid metabolism, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, oxidative stress and mTOR signalling underwrite the known function of T cell subsets in patients with SLE. A number of medications that are used in the care of patients with SLE affect cell metabolism, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches to control the activity of metabolic enzymes in T cell subsets represents a promising endeavour in the search for effective treatment of systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Hofmann SR, Mäbert K, Kapplusch F, Russ S, Northey S, Beresford MW, Tsokos GC, Hedrich CM. cAMP Response Element Modulator α Induces Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase 4 to Promote Effector T Cells in Juvenile-Onset Lupus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2807-2816. [PMID: 31653682 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Effector CD4+ T cells with increased IL-17A and reduced IL-2 production contribute to tissue inflammation and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Increased expression of the transcription factor cAMP response element modulator (CREM) α promotes altered cytokine expression in SLE. The aim of this study was to investigate CREMα-mediated events favoring effector CD4+ T cells in health and disease. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and lentiviral transduction, we generated CREMα-deficient and CREMα-overexpressing Jurkat T cells. Gene expression and regulatory events were assessed using luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Interaction between CREMα and p300 was investigated using proximity ligation assays, coimmunoprecipitation, and knockdown of p300. Gene expression profiles of modified cells were compared with CD4+ T cells from patients with juvenile-onset SLE. We show that CREMα induces dual specificity protein phosphatase (DUSP) 4 in effector CD4+ T cells through corecruitment of p300. The transcriptional coactivator p300 mediates histone acetylation at DUSP4, prompting increased gene expression. Using DUSP4 transfection models and genetically modified CREM-deficient and CREMα-overexpressing T cells, we demonstrate the molecular underpinnings by which DUSP4 induces IL-17A while limiting IL-2 expression. We demonstrate that CD4+ T cells from patients with juvenile-onset SLE share phenotypical features with CREMα-overexpressing CD4+ T cells, including increased DUSP4 expression and imbalanced IL-17A and IL-2 production. Taken together, we describe CREMα-mediated mechanisms that involve the transcriptional upregulation of DUSP4, leading to imbalanced cytokine production by effector T cells. Our findings identify the CREMα/DUSP4 axis as a promising candidate in the search for biomarkers and therapeutic targets in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun R Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, D01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Mäbert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, D01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franz Kapplusch
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Russ
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, D01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Northey
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Beresford
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom.,Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom; and
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, D01307 Dresden, Germany; .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom.,Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, United Kingdom; and
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47
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Araujo LP, Maricato JT, Guereschi MG, Takenaka MC, Nascimento VM, de Melo FM, Quintana FJ, Brum PC, Basso AS. The Sympathetic Nervous System Mitigates CNS Autoimmunity via β2-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Immune Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 28:3120-3130.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Kono M, Maeda K, Stocton-Gavanescu I, Pan W, Umeda M, Katsuyama E, Burbano C, Orite SYK, Vukelic M, Tsokos MG, Yoshida N, Tsokos GC. Pyruvate kinase M2 is requisite for Th1 and Th17 differentiation. JCI Insight 2019; 4:127395. [PMID: 31217348 PMCID: PMC6629104 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Th1 and Th17 are important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and they depend on glycolysis as a source of energy. T cell antigen receptor signaling phosphorylates a serine/threonine kinase, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMK4), and promotes glycolysis. Based on these findings we hypothesized that CaMK4 promotes glycolysis. Camk4-deficient CD4+ T cells and cells treated with a CaMK4 inhibitor had less glycolysis compared with their counterparts. Pull-down of CaMK4 and mass spectrometry identified pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme (PKM), the final rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, as a binding partner. Coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting showed that CaMK4 interacts directly with PKM2. Camk4-deficient CD4+ T cells displayed decreased pyruvate kinase activity. Silencing or pharmacological inhibition of PKM2 reduced glycolysis and in vitro differentiation to Th1 and Th17 cells, while PKM2 overexpression restored Th17 cell differentiation. Treatment with a PKM2 inhibitor ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and CD4+ T cells treated with PKM2 inhibitor or Pkm2-shRNA caused limited disease activity in an adoptive cell transfer model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our data demonstrate that CaMK4 binds to PKM2 and promotes its activity, which is requisite for Th1 and Th17 differentiation in vitro and in vivo. PKM2 represents a therapeutic target for T cell-dependent autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihito Kono
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kayaho Maeda
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Irina Stocton-Gavanescu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenliang Pan
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catalina Burbano
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seo Yeon K. Orite
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Milena Vukelic
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria G. Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - George C. Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
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49
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Crispin JC, Hedrich CM, Suárez-Fueyo A, Comte D, Tsokos GC. SLE-Associated Defects Promote Altered T Cell Function. Crit Rev Immunol 2019; 37:39-58. [PMID: 29431078 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2018025213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease linked to profound defects in the function and phenotype of T lymphocytes. Here, we describe abnormal signaling pathways that have been documented in T cells from patients with SLE and discuss how they impact gene expression and immune function, in order to understand how they contribute to disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Crispin
- Departamento de Inmunologia y Reumatologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Abel Suárez-Fueyo
- Department of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Denis Comte
- Divisions of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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50
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Koga T, Ichinose K, Kawakami A, Tsokos GC. The role of IL-17 in systemic lupus erythematosus and its potential as a therapeutic target. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:629-637. [PMID: 30874446 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1593141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies production and immune complex deposition with systemic clinical manifestations. Interleukin (IL)-17-producing cells play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis and represent an attractive therapeutic target. Areas covered: This review provides an update on the possibility of targeting IL-17 in SLE. The rational for this approach as well as currently available and future targets are discussed. Expert opinion: Although human expression studies and animal models indicate that IL-17 blocking may be a promising therapeutic strategy for SLE, direct evidence for IL-17 inhibition in SLE patients is unavailable. Biologic therapies and small-molecule drugs that target IL-17 production are required for the achievement of a favorable clinical effect in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Koga
- a Unit of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan.,b Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- a Unit of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- a Unit of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - George C Tsokos
- c Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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