1
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Miah MH, Khandaker MU, Rahman MB, Nur-E-Alam M, Islam MA. Band gap tuning of perovskite solar cells for enhancing the efficiency and stability: issues and prospects. RSC Adv 2024; 14:15876-15906. [PMID: 38756852 PMCID: PMC11097048 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01640h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The intriguing optoelectronic properties, diverse applications, and facile fabrication techniques of perovskite materials have garnered substantial research interest worldwide. Their outstanding performance in solar cell applications and excellent efficiency at the lab scale have already been proven. However, owing to their low stability, the widespread manufacturing of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for commercialization is still far off. Several instability factors of PSCs, including the intrinsic and extrinsic instability of perovskite materials, have already been identified, and a variety of approaches have been adopted to improve the material quality, stability, and efficiency of PSCs. In this review, we have comprehensively presented the significance of band gap tuning in achieving both high-performance and high-stability PSCs in the presence of various degradation factors. By investigating the mechanisms of band gap engineering, we have highlighted its pivotal role in optimizing PSCs for improved efficiency and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Helal Miah
- Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj-8100 Bangladesh
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar Dhaka-1216 Bangladesh
| | - Md Bulu Rahman
- Department of Physics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj-8100 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nur-E-Alam
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang 43000 Selangor Malaysia
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University 270 Joondalup Drive Joondalup-6027 WA Australia
| | - Mohammad Aminul Islam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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2
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Ren D, Li X, Zhang Z, Chen X, Liu Z, Yang M, Mo Y, Li Z, Chen J, Liu X, Dai S, Cai M. Enhanced Charge Transfer in Quasi-2D Perovskite by Formamidinium Cation Gradient Incorporation for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401831. [PMID: 38733226 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Quasi-2D perovskites have attracted much attention in perovskite photovoltaics due to their excellent stability. However, their photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) still lags 3D counterparts, particularly with high short-circuit current (JSC) loss. The quantum confinement effect is pointed out to be the sole reason, which introduces widened bandgap and poor exciton dissociation, and undermines the light capture and charge transport. Here, the gradient incorporation of formamidinium (FA) cations into quasi-2D perovskite is proposed to address this issue. It is observed that FA prefers to incorporate into the larger n value phases near the film surface compared to the smaller n value phases in the bulk, resulting in a narrow bandgap and gradient structure within the film. Through charge dynamic analysis using in situ light-dark Kelvin probe force microscopy and transient absorption spectroscopy, it is demonstrated that incorporating 10% FA significantly facilitates efficient charge transfer between low n-value phases in the bulk and high n-value nearby film surface, leading to reduced charge accumulation. Ultimately, the device based on (AA)2(MA0.9FA0.1)4Pb5I16, where AA represents n-amylamine renowned for its exceptional environmental stability as a bulky organic ligand, achieves an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.58% and demonstrates enhanced illumination and thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xing Li
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xianggang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhike Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yaqi Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhuoxin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jieqiong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Songyuan Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Molang Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
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3
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Cheng Q, You S, Zhang W, Xie M, Yue T, Tian C, Zhang H, Wei Z, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhou H. Single Crystal Seed Induced Epitaxial Growth Stabilizes α-FAPbI 3 in Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5308-5316. [PMID: 38647008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
FAPbI3 stands out as an ideal candidate for the photoabsorbing layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), showcasing outstanding photovoltaic properties. Nonetheless, stabilizing photoactive α-FAPbI3 remains a challenge due to the lower formation energy of the competitive photoinactive δ-phase. In this study, we employ tetraethylphosphonium lead tribromide (TEPPbBr3) single crystals as templates for the epitaxial growth of PbI2. The strategic use of TEPPbBr3 optimizes the evolution of intermediates and the crystallization kinetics of perovskites, leading to high-quality and phase-stable α-FAPbI3 films. The TEPPbBr3-modified perovskite exhibits optimized carrier dynamics, yielding a champion efficiency of 25.13% with a small voltage loss of 0.34 V. Furthermore, the target device maintains 90% of its initial PCE under maximum power point (MPP) tracking over 1000 h. This work establishes a promising pathway through single crystal seed based epitaxial growth for achieving satisfactory crystallization regulation and phase stabilization of α-FAPbI3 perovskites toward high-efficiency and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuai You
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Weichuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meiling Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tong Yue
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiqiong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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4
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Yang Y, Li G, Zhao L, Tan P, Li Y, Li S, Tan L, Deng C, Wang S, Zhao Z, Yuan C, Ding H, Chen L, Zhu J, Guan Y, Hou CH, Tang P, Li Q, Liu H, Yang Y, Abate A, Shyue JJ, Wu J, Russell TP, Hu Q. A Catalyst-Like System Enables Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311145. [PMID: 38334458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
High-quality perovskite films are essential for achieving high performance of optoelectronic devices; However, solution-processed perovskite films are known to suffer from compositional and structural inhomogeneity due to lack of systematic control over the kinetics during the formation. Here, the microscopic homogeneity of perovskite films is successfully enhanced by modulating the conversion reaction kinetics using a catalyst-like system generated by a foaming agent. The chemical and structural evolution during this catalytic conversion is revealed by a multimodal synchrotron toolkit with spatial resolutions spanning many length scales. Combining these insights with computational investigations, a cyclic conversion pathway model is developed that yields exceptional perovskite homogeneity due to enhanced conversion, having a power conversion efficiency of 24.51% for photovoltaic devices. This work establishes a systematic link between processing of precursor and homogeneity of the perovskite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Yang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Pengju Tan
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yu Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lina Tan
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shibo Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chengjian Yuan
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Honghe Ding
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Liang Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Yong Guan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pengyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Quiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Antonio Abate
- Department Novel Materials and Interfaces for Photovoltaic Solar Cells Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Kekuléstraße 5, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jihuai Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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5
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Li M, Zhu Z, Wang Z, Pan W, Cao X, Wu G, Chen R. High-Quality Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films by Post-Treatment Technologies in Photovoltaic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309428. [PMID: 37983565 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Incredible progress in photovoltaic devices based on hybrid perovskite materials has been made in the past few decades, and a record-certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 26% has been achieved in single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In the fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs, the postprocessing procedures toward perovskites are essential for designing high-quality perovskite thin films; developing efficient and reliable post-treatment techniques is very important to promote the progress of PSCs. Here, recent post-treatment technological reforms toward perovskite thin films are summarized, and the principal functions of the post-treatment strategies on the design of high-quality perovskite films have been thoroughly analyzed by dividing into two categories in this review: thermal annealing (TA)-related technique and TA-free technique. The latest research progress of the above two types of post-treatment techniques is summarized and discussed, focusing on the optimization of postprocessing conditions, the regulation of perovskite qualities, and the enhancement of device performance. Finally, an outlook of the prospect trends and future challenges for the fabrication of the perovskite layer and the production of highly efficient PSCs is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinxiu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, P. R. China
| | - Guangbao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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6
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Alaei A, Mohajerani SS, Schmelmer B, Rubio TI, Bendesky J, Kim MW, Ma Y, Jeong S, Zhou Q, Klopfenstein M, Avalos CE, Strauf S, Lee SS. Scaffold-Guided Crystallization of Oriented α-FAPbI 3 Nanowire Arrays for Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56127-56137. [PMID: 37987696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite nanowire arrays with large surface areas for efficient charge transfer and continuous highly crystalline domains for efficient charge transport exhibit ideal morphologies for solar-cell active layers. Here, we introduce a room temperature two-step method to grow dense, vertical nanowire arrays of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3). PbI2 nanocrystals embedded in the cylindrical nanopores of anodized titanium dioxide scaffolds were converted to FAPbI3 by immersion in a FAI solution for a period of 0.5-30 min. During immersion, FAPbI3 crystals grew vertically from the scaffold surface as nanowires with diameters and densities determined by the underlying scaffold. The presence of butylammonium cations during nanowire growth stabilized the active α polymorph of FAPbI3, precluding the need for a thermal annealing step. Solar cells comprising α-FAPbI3 nanowire arrays exhibited maximum solar conversion efficiencies of >14%. Short-circuit current densities of 22-23 mA cm-2 were achieved, on par with those recorded for the best-performing FAPbI3 solar cells reported to date. Such large photocurrents are attributed to the single-crystalline, low-defect nature of the nanowires and increased interfacial area for photogenerated charge transfer compared with thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Alaei
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Seyed Sepehr Mohajerani
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Ben Schmelmer
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Thiago I Rubio
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Justin Bendesky
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Min-Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Yichen Ma
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Sehee Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Qintian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Mia Klopfenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Claudia E Avalos
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Stefan Strauf
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Stephanie S Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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7
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Ma M, Zhang X, Chen X, Xiong H, Xu L, Cheng T, Yuan J, Wei F, Shen B. In situ imaging of the atomic phase transition dynamics in metal halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7142. [PMID: 37932253 PMCID: PMC10628210 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase transition dynamics are an important concern in the wide applications of metal halide perovskites, which fundamentally determine the optoelectronic properties and stabilities of perovskite materials and devices. However, a more in-depth understanding of such a phase transition process with real atomic resolution is still limited by the immature low-dose electron microscopy and in situ imaging studies to date. Here, we apply an emergent low-dose imaging technique to identify different phase structures (α, β and γ) in CsPbI3 nanocrystals during an in-situ heating process. The rotation angles of PbI6 octahedrons can be measured in these images to quantitatively describe the thermal-induced phase distribution and phase transition. Then, the dynamics of such a phase transition are studied at a macro time scale by continuously imaging the phase distribution in a single nanocrystal. The structural evolution process of CsPbI3 nanocrystals at the particle level, including the changes in morphology and composition, is also visualized with increasing temperature. These results provide atomic insights into the transition dynamics of perovskite phases, indicating a long-time transition process with obvious intermediate states and spatial distribution that should be generally considered in the further study of structure-property relations and device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, PR China
| | - Liang Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, PR China
| | - Boyuan Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
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8
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Ohmi T, Oswald IWH, Neilson JR, Roth N, Nishioka S, Maeda K, Fujii K, Yashima M, Azuma M, Yamamoto T. Thiocyanate-Stabilized Pseudo-cubic Perovskite CH(NH 2) 2PbI 3 from Coincident Columnar Defect Lattices. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19759-19767. [PMID: 37649142 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
α-FAPbI3 (FA+ = CH(NH2)2+) with a cubic perovskite structure is promising for photophysical applications. However, α-FAPbI3 is metastable at room temperature, and it transforms to the δ-phase at a certain period of time at room temperature. Herein, we report a thiocyanate-stabilized pseudo-cubic perovskite FAPbI3 with ordered columnar defects (α'-phase). This compound has a √5ap × √5ap × ap tetragonal unit cell (ap: cell parameter of primitive perovskite cell) with a band gap of 1.91 eV. It is stable at room temperature in a dry atmosphere. Furthermore, the presence of the α'-phase in a mixed sample with the δ-phase drastically reduces the δ-to-α transition temperature measured on heating, suggesting the reduction of the nucleation energy of the α-phase or thermodynamic stabilization of the α-phase through epitaxy. The defect-ordered pattern in the α'-phase forms a coincidence-site lattice at the twinned boundary of the single crystals, thus hinting at an epitaxy- or strain-based mechanism of α-phase formation and/or stabilization. In this study, we developed a new strategy to control defects in halide perovskites and provided new insight into the stabilization of α-FAPbI3 by pseudo-halide and grain boundary engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ohmi
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Iain W H Oswald
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - James R Neilson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Nikolaj Roth
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Shunta Nishioka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Masatomo Yashima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Masaki Azuma
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 705-1 Shimoimaizumi, Ebina 243-0435, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
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9
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Metcalf I, Sidhik S, Zhang H, Agrawal A, Persaud J, Hou J, Even J, Mohite AD. Synergy of 3D and 2D Perovskites for Durable, Efficient Solar Cells and Beyond. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9565-9652. [PMID: 37428563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged in the past few years as a promising material for low-cost, high-efficiency optoelectronic devices. Spurred by this recent interest, several subclasses of halide perovskites such as two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have begun to play a significant role in advancing the fundamental understanding of the structural, chemical, and physical properties of halide perovskites, which are technologically relevant. While the chemistry of these 2D materials is similar to that of the 3D halide perovskites, their layered structure with a hybrid organic-inorganic interface induces new emergent properties that can significantly or sometimes subtly be important. Synergistic properties can be realized in systems that combine different materials exhibiting different dimensionalities by exploiting their intrinsic compatibility. In many cases, the weaknesses of each material can be alleviated in heteroarchitectures. For example, 3D-2D halide perovskites can demonstrate novel behavior that neither material would be capable of separately. This review describes how the structural differences between 3D halide perovskites and 2D halide perovskites give rise to their disparate materials properties, discusses strategies for realizing mixed-dimensional systems of various architectures through solution-processing techniques, and presents a comprehensive outlook for the use of 3D-2D systems in solar cells. Finally, we investigate applications of 3D-2D systems beyond photovoltaics and offer our perspective on mixed-dimensional perovskite systems as semiconductor materials with unrivaled tunability, efficiency, and technologically relevant durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Metcalf
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Siraj Sidhik
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ayush Agrawal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jessica Persaud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacky Even
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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10
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Qin K, Dun GH, Li YY, Zhao R, Geng X, Zhang JH, Zhang MS, Zhou RL, Peng JL, Tian H, Xie D, Yang Y, Ren TL. Straight Manipulation Annealing in a Solvent Atmosphere for Quality-Improved Cs 2AgBiBr 6 Perovskites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37640-37648. [PMID: 37491709 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
As a new-generation photoelectric material, perovskites have attracted researchers' attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the existence of defects inevitably causes structural degradation and restricts their performance, which need to be further improved by post-treatment. At present, post-treatments mostly focus on non-contact treatments, which may constrain the effect since the influence on the perovskites caused by the direct contact is much more straightly. Therefore, we proposed an annealing strategy of straight manipulation in a solvent atmosphere with the assistance of polyimide (PI) tape for the perovskite post-treatment, due to the high heat resistance and less glue residual of this tape. It casts an influence on the perovskite directly, proving the possibility of the straight manipulation by operators, promoting the recrystallization of the perovskite grains and removing the impurity substance. The optimized Pb-free perovskite film exhibits a better X-ray sensitivity of 7.5 × 104 μC Gyair-1 cm-2 and a great detection limit of 47 nGyair s-1, which is comparable to advanced Pb-based perovskite X-ray detectors and all commercial ones. The new annealing strategy provides a facile, effective, and simple method to improve the perovskite quality, exhibiting the potential and harmlessness of the direct contact post-treatment, which paves the way for a broader application of perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Qin
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guan-Hua Dun
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangshun Geng
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-He Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Min-Shu Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruo-Long Zhou
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Li Peng
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Tian
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dan Xie
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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11
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Shin S, Seo S, Jeong S, Sharbirin AS, Kim J, Ahn H, Park NG, Shin H. Kinetic-Controlled Crystallization of α-FAPbI 3 Inducing Preferred Crystallographic Orientation Enhances Photovoltaic Performance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300798. [PMID: 36994651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization kinetic controls the crystallographic orientation, inducing anisotropic properties of the materials. As a result, preferential orientation with advanced optoelectronic properties can enhance the photovoltaic devices' performance. Although incorporation of additives is one of the most studied methods to stabilize the photoactive α-phase of formamidinium lead tri-iodide (α-FAPbI3 ), no studies focus on how the additives affect the crystallization kinetics. Along with the role of methylammonium chloride (MACl) as a "stabilizer" in the formation of α-FAPbI3 , herein, the additional role as a "controller" in the crystallization kinetics is pointed out. With microscopic observations, for example, electron backscatter diffraction and selected area electron diffraction, it is examined that higher concentration of MACl induces slower crystallization kinetics, resulting in larger grain size and [100] preferred orientation. Optoelectronic properties of [100] preferentially oriented grains with less non-radiative recombination, a longer lifetime of charge carriers, and lower photocurrent deviations in between each grain induce higher short-circuit current density (Jsc ) and fill factor. Resulting MACl40 mol% attains the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.1%. The results provide observations of a direct correlation between the crystallographic orientation and device performance as it highlights the importance of crystallization kinetics resulting in desirable microstructures for device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooeun Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongrok Seo
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Seonghwa Jeong
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Anir S Sharbirin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
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12
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Naikaew A, Krajangsang T, Srathongsian L, Seriwattanachai C, Sakata P, Burimart S, Sanglee K, Khotmungkhun K, Ruankham P, Romphosri S, Limmanee A, Kanjanaboos P. Photoexcitation of perovskite precursor solution to induce high-valent iodoplumbate species for wide bandgap perovskite solar cells with enhanced photocurrent. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6125. [PMID: 37059723 PMCID: PMC10104826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32468-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells are among the candidates to replace the traditional silicon solar cells due to their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE). Despite this considerable progress, understanding the properties of the perovskite precursor solution is critical for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to achieve high performance and reproducibility. However, the exploration of perovskite precursor chemistry and its effects on photovoltaic performances has been limited thus far. Herein, we modified the equilibrium of chemical species inside the precursor solution using different photoenergy and heat pathways to identify the corresponding perovskite film formation. The illuminated perovskite precursors exhibited a higher density of high-valent iodoplumbate species, resulting in the fabricated perovskite films with reduced defect density and uniform distribution. Conclusively, the perovskite solar cells prepared by the photoaged precursor solution had not only improved PCE but also enhanced current density, confirmed by device performance, conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM), and external quantum efficiency (EQE). This innovative precursor photoexcitation is a simple and effective physical process for boosting perovskite morphology and current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atittaya Naikaew
- National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Taweewat Krajangsang
- National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Ladda Srathongsian
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Chaowaphat Seriwattanachai
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Patawee Sakata
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Supavudh Burimart
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Kanyanee Sanglee
- National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kittikhun Khotmungkhun
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Pipat Ruankham
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwat Romphosri
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Amornrat Limmanee
- National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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13
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Tang H, Yuan K, Zheng P, Xiao T, Zhang H, Zhao X, Zhou W, Wang S, Liu W. Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties of the quasi-0D lead-free organic-inorganic hybrid crystal (C6H14N)3Bi2I9·H2O. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2023.124011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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14
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Liu Q, Cai W, Wang W, Wang H, Zhong Y, Zhao K. Controlling Phase Transition toward Future Low-Cost and Eco-friendly Printing of Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6503-6513. [PMID: 35820200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have grown increasingly popular over the past few years and are considered to be game-changers in the energy conversion market. It has became vital to transfer the deep understanding of the perovskite film formation process during lab-scale fabrication to large-scale production. Complex phase transition during film formation has been revealed by in situ strategies. However, there is still debate which phase transition is the right route for a future scalable approach. Herein, we briefly summarize perovskite crystallization during scalable printing processes. The critical information about the intermediates involved in phase transition from precursors to perovskite crystals are discussed because it deeply impacts the morphology of printed films. Finally, important strategies to control phase transition and challenges toward future low-temperature and eco-friendly printing of perovskite solar cells are proposed. The information provided by this Perspective will assist the screening and development of the perovskite phase transition for future cost-efficient printed perovskite panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), NingboTech University, No. 1 South Qianhu Road, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Weilun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiyan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), NingboTech University, No. 1 South Qianhu Road, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Haiqiao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), NingboTech University, No. 1 South Qianhu Road, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), NingboTech University, No. 1 South Qianhu Road, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Elmestekawy K, Wright AD, Lohmann KB, Borchert J, Johnston MB, Herz LM. Controlling Intrinsic Quantum Confinement in Formamidinium Lead Triiodide Perovskite through Cs Substitution. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9640-9650. [PMID: 35609245 PMCID: PMC9245356 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites are leading candidates for photovoltaic and light-emitting devices, owing to their excellent and widely tunable optoelectronic properties. Nanostructure control has been central to their development, allowing for improvements in efficiency and stability, and changes in electronic dimensionality. Recently, formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) has been shown to exhibit intrinsic quantum confinement effects in nominally bulk thin films, apparent through above-bandgap absorption peaks. Here, we show that such nanoscale electronic effects can be controlled through partial replacement of the FA cation with Cs. We find that Cs-cation exchange causes a weakening of quantum confinement in the perovskite, arising from changes in the bandstructure, the length scale of confinement, or the presence of δH-phase electronic barriers. We further observe photon emission from quantum-confined regions, highlighting their potential usefulness to light-emitting devices and single-photon sources. Overall, controlling this intriguing quantum phenomenon will allow for its suppression or enhancement according to need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim
A. Elmestekawy
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D. Wright
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Kilian B. Lohmann
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Juliane Borchert
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B. Johnston
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M. Herz
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse
2a, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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16
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Chen CH, Su ZH, Lou YH, Yu YJ, Wang KL, Liu GL, Shi YR, Chen J, Cao JJ, Zhang L, Gao XY, Wang ZK. Full-Dimensional Grain Boundary Stress Release for Flexible Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200320. [PMID: 35201633 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite photovoltaics are strong potential candidates to drive low-power off-grid electronics for indoor applications. Compared with rigid devices, flexible perovskite devices can provide a more suitable surface for indoor small electronic devices, enabling them have a broader indoor application prospect. However, the mechanical stability of flexible perovskite photovoltaics is an urgent issue solved. Herein, a kind of 3D crosslinking agent named borax is selected to carry out grain boundary penetration treatment on perovskite film to realize full-dimensional stress release. This strategy improves the mechanical and phase stabilities of perovskite films subjected to external forces or large temperature changes. The fabricated perovskite photovoltaics deliver a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.63% under AM 1.5G illumination, which is the highest one to date. The merit of low trap states under weak light makes the devices present a superior indoor PCE of 31.85% under 1062 lux (LED, 2956 K), which is currently the best flexible perovskite indoor photovoltaic device. This work provides a full-dimensional grain boundary stress release strategy for highly stable flexible perovskite indoor photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhen-Huang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yan-Hui Lou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yan-Jun Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kai-Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Gen-Lin Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi-Ran Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jun-Jie Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xing-Yu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Zhao-Kui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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17
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Zhao Q, Han R, Marshall AR, Wang S, Wieliczka BM, Ni J, Zhang J, Yuan J, Luther JM, Hazarika A, Li GR. Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells: Progressive Deposition Techniques and Future Prospects on Large-Area Fabrication. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107888. [PMID: 35023606 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidally grown nanosized semiconductors yield extremely high-quality optoelectronic materials. Many examples have pointed to near perfect photoluminescence quantum yields, allowing for technology-leading materials such as high purity color centers in display technology. Furthermore, because of high chemical yield, and improved understanding of the surfaces, these materials, particularly colloidal quantum dots (QDs) can also be ideal candidates for other optoelectronic applications. Given the urgent necessity toward carbon neutrality, electricity from solar photovoltaics will play a large role in the power generation sector. QDs are developed and shown dramatic improvements over the past 15 years as photoactive materials in photovoltaics with various innovative deposition properties which can lead to exceptionally low-cost and high-performance devices. Once the key issues related to charge transport in optically thick arrays are addressed, QD-based photovoltaic technology can become a better candidate for practical application. In this article, the authors show how the possibilities of different deposition techniques can bring QD-based solar cells to the industrial level and discuss the challenges for perovskite QD solar cells in particular, to achieve large-area fabrication for further advancing technology to solve pivotal energy and environmental issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Rui Han
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ashley R Marshall
- Condensed Matter Physics Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX13PU, UK
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | | | - Jian Ni
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Joseph M Luther
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Abhijit Hazarika
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Guo-Ran Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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18
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Siegler TD, Dunlap-Shohl WA, Meng Y, Yang Y, Kau WF, Sunkari PP, Tsai CE, Armstrong ZJ, Chen YC, Beck DAC, Meilă M, Hillhouse HW. Water-Accelerated Photooxidation of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Perovskite. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5552-5561. [PMID: 35296136 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Halide perovskites have the potential to disrupt the photovoltaics market based on their high performance and low cost. However, the decomposition of perovskites under moisture, oxygen, and light raises concerns about service lifetime, especially because degradation mechanisms and the corresponding rate laws that fit the observed data have thus far eluded researchers. Here, we report a water-accelerated photooxidation mechanism dominating the degradation kinetics of archetypal perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 in air under >1% relative humidity at 25 °C. From this mechanism, we develop a kinetic model that quantitatively predicts the degradation rate as a function of temperature, ambient O2 and H2O levels, and illumination. Because water is a possible product of dry photooxidation, these results highlight the need for encapsulation schemes that rigorously block oxygen ingress, as product water may accumulate beneath the encapsulant and initiate the more rapid water-accelerated photooxidative decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Siegler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Wiley A Dunlap-Shohl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Yuhuan Meng
- Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Wylie F Kau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Preetham P Sunkari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Chang En Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Zachary J Armstrong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - David A C Beck
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Marina Meilă
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
| | - Hugh W Hillhouse
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Clean Energy Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States.,Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-0005, United States
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19
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Zheng Z, Wang S, Hu Y, Rong Y, Mei A, Han H. Development of formamidinium lead iodide-based perovskite solar cells: efficiency and stability. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2167-2183. [PMID: 35310498 PMCID: PMC8865136 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04769h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite materials have been particularly eye-catching by virtue of their excellent properties such as high light absorption coefficient, long carrier lifetime, low exciton binding energy and ambipolar transmission (perovskites have the characteristics of transporting both electrons and holes). Limited by the wider band gap (1.55 eV), worse thermal stability and more defect states, the first widely used methylammonium lead iodide has been gradually replaced by formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) with a narrower band gap of 1.48 eV and better thermal stability. However, FAPbI3 is stabilized as the yellow non-perovskite active phase at low temperatures, and the required black phase (α-FAPbI3) can only be obtained at high temperatures. In this perspective, we summarize the current efforts to stabilize α-FAPbI3, and propose that pure α-FAPbI3 is an ideal material for single-junction cells, and a triple-layer mesoporous architecture could help to stabilize pure α-FAPbI3. Furthermore, reducing the band gap and using tandem solar cells may ulteriorly approach the Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency. We also make a prospect that the enhancement of industrial applications as well as the lifetime of devices may help achieve commercialization of PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zheng
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
| | - Yue Hu
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
| | - Yaoguang Rong
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
| | - Anyi Mei
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
| | - Hongwei Han
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei PR China
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20
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Wang J, Wang W, Chen Y, Song L, Huang W. Growth and Degradation Kinetics of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Films Determined by In Situ Grazing-Incidence X-Ray Scattering Techniques. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100829. [PMID: 34928020 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) solar cells hold a great promise for commercial breakthrough since their power conversion efficiency has been pushed beyond the mark of 25%, making them capable of competing with traditional crystalline silicon solar cells. The key to achieve efficient and stable perovskite solar cells is inherently related to the film morphology. The understanding of the kinetic processes of film formation and degradation opens up possibilities to tailor the film morphology via the regulation of precursor and processing parameters. In situ grazing-incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) techniques allow for tracking the morphology evolution of thin films at different length scales and with high temporal resolution. In this review, the selected examples for application of in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering techniques to the growth and stability of OIHPs are summarized after a brief introduction to both techniques, highlighting particularly the morphological evolution of perovskite films over time. Then the correlated mathematical models are reviewed to give a toolbox for analyzing the mechanisms of film formation and degradation. Thus, an overview on the in situ GIXS methods is linked to the research of OIHP kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Lin Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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21
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Qin M, Chan PF, Lu X. A Systematic Review of Metal Halide Perovskite Crystallization and Film Formation Mechanism Unveiled by In Situ GIWAXS. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105290. [PMID: 34605066 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites are of fundamental interest in the research of modern thin-film optoelectronic devices, owing to their widely tunable optoelectronic properties and solution processability. To obtain high-quality perovskite films and ultimately high-performance perovskite devices, it is crucial to understand the film formation mechanisms, which, however, remains a great challenge, due to the complexity of perovskite composition, dimensionality, and processing conditions. Nevertheless, the state-of-the-art in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) technique enables one to bridge the complex information with device performance by revealing the crystallization pathways during the perovskite film formation process. In this review, the authors illustrate how to obtain and understand in situ GIWAXS data, summarize and assess recent results of in situ GIWAXS studies on versatile perovskite photovoltaic systems, aiming at elucidating the distinct features and common ground of film formation mechanisms, and shedding light on future opportunities of employing in situ GIWAXS to study the fundamental working mechanisms of highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells toward mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Pok Fung Chan
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
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22
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Calabrese G, Pipitone C, Marini D, Giannici F, Martorana A, Barba L, Summonte C, Masciocchi N, Milita S. Highly Stable Thin Films Based on Novel Hybrid 1D (PRSH)PbX 3 Pseudo-Perovskites. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102765. [PMID: 34685211 PMCID: PMC8539398 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the structure and morphology, as well as time, ultraviolet radiation, and humidity stability of thin films based on newly developed 1D (PRSH)PbX3 (X = Br, I) pseudo-perovskite materials, containing 1D chains of face-sharing haloplumbate octahedra, are investigated. All films are strongly crystalline already at room temperature, and annealing does not promote further crystallization or film reorganization. The film microstructure is found to be strongly influenced by the anion type and, to a lesser extent, by the DMF/DMSO solvent volume ratio used during film deposition by spin-coating. Comparison of specular X-ray diffraction and complementary grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the use of DMF/DMSO mixed solvents promotes the strengthening of a dominant 100 or 210 texturing, as compared the case of pure DMF, and that the haloplumbate chains always lie in a plane parallel to the substrate. Under specific DMF/DMSO solvent volume ratios, the prepared films are found to be highly stable in time (up to seven months under fluxing N2 and in the dark) and to highly moist conditions (up to 25 days at 78% relative humidity). Furthermore, for representative (PRSH)PbX3 films, resistance against ultraviolet exposure (λ = 380 nm) is investigated, showing complete stability after irradiation for up to 15 h at a power density of 600 mW/cm2. These results make such thin films interesting for highly stable perovskite-based (opto)electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Calabrese
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (N.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Candida Pipitone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Diego Marini
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Francesco Giannici
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonino Martorana
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Luisa Barba
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Caterina Summonte
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia e To.Sca.Lab., Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (N.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Milita
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (N.M.); (S.M.)
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23
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Zhong Y, Seeberger D, Herzig EM, Köhler A, Panzer F, Li C, Huettner S. The Impact of Solvent Vapor on the Film Morphology and Crystallization Kinetics of Lead Halide Perovskites during Annealing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45365-45374. [PMID: 34542261 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the key factors for the remarkable improvements of halide perovskite solar cells over the last few years is the increased control over perovskite crystallinity and its thin film morphology. Among various processing methods, solvent vapor-assisted annealing (SVAA) has proven to be promising in achieving high-quality perovskite films. However, a comprehensive understanding of the perovskite crystallization process during SVAA is still lacking. In this work, we use a home-built setup to precisely control the SVAA conditions to investigate in detail the perovskite crystallization kinetics. By changing the solvent vapor concentration during annealing, the perovskite grain size can be tuned from 200 nm to several micrometers. We monitor the crystallization kinetics during solvent-free annealing and SVAA using in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, where we find a diminished perovskite growth rate and the formation of low dimensional perovskite at the top of the perovskite layer during SVAA. Scanning electron microscopy images of the final films further suggest that the perovskite growth follows an Ostwald ripening process at higher solvent concentrations. Thus, our results will contribute to achieve a more targeted processing of perovskite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Dominik Seeberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Eva M Herzig
- Dynamics and Structure Formation, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr.30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Anna Köhler
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr.30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Fabian Panzer
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Future Display Institute of Xiamen, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Sven Huettner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
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24
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Zhang T, Chen Y, Kan M, Xu S, Miao Y, Wang X, Ren M, Chen H, Liu X, Zhao Y. MA Cation-Induced Diffusional Growth of Low-Bandgap FA-Cs Perovskites Driven by Natural Gradient Annealing. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9765106. [PMID: 34514418 PMCID: PMC8391048 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9765106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low-bandgap formamidinium-cesium (FA-Cs) perovskites of FA1-xCsxPbI3 (x < 0.1) are promising candidates for efficient and robust perovskite solar cells, but their black-phase crystallization is very sensitive to annealing temperature. Unfortunately, the low heat conductivity of the glass substrate builds up a temperature gradient within from bottom to top and makes the initial annealing temperature of the perovskite film lower than the black-phase crystallization point (~150°C). Herein, we take advantage of such temperature gradient for the diffusional growth of high-quality FA-Cs perovskites by introducing a thermally unstable MA+ cation, which would firstly form α-phase FA-MA-Cs mixed perovskites with low formation energy at the hot bottom of the perovskite films in the early annealing stage. The natural gradient annealing temperature and the thermally unstable MA+ cation then lead to the bottom-to-top diffusional growth of highly orientated α-phase FA-Cs perovskite, which exhibits 10-fold of enhanced crystallinity and reduced trap density (~3.85 × 1015 cm−3). Eventually, such FA-Cs perovskite films were fabricated into stable solar cell devices with champion efficiency up to 23.11%, among the highest efficiency of MA-free perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Miao Kan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shumao Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanfeng Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xingtao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200240, China
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25
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Miyadera T, Auchi Y, Yamamoto K, Ohashi N, Koganezawa T, Yaguchi H, Yoshida Y, Chikamatsu M. Insights into Microscopic Crystal Growth Dynamics of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 under a Laser Deposition Process Revealed by In Situ X-ray Diffraction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:22559-22566. [PMID: 33961389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The process dynamics for the vacuum deposition of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite was analyzed by in situ X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. MAPbI3 was fabricated by alternatingly supplying PbI2 and methylammonium iodide via a laser deposition system installed at the synchrotron beamline BL46XU at SPring-8, and in situ crystallization analysis was conducted. Microscopic insights into the crystallization were obtained, including observation of Laue oscillation during the PbI2 growth and octahedral unit (PbI6) rotation during the transformation into perovskite. On the basis of this analysis, conditions that favor the construction of atomically flat MAPbI3 perovskite films were deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiko Miyadera
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuto Auchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamamoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Noboru Ohashi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yaguchi
- Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yuji Yoshida
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masayuki Chikamatsu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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26
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Abdelsamie M, Li T, Babbe F, Xu J, Han Q, Blum V, Sutter-Fella CM, Mitzi DB, Toney MF. Mechanism of Additive-Assisted Room-Temperature Processing of Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13212-13225. [PMID: 33689282 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have received substantial attention due to their potential for low-cost photovoltaic devices on flexible or rigid substrates. Thiocyanate (SCN)-containing additives, such as MASCN (MA = methylammonium), have been shown to control perovskite film crystallization and the film microstructure to achieve effective room-temperature perovskite absorber processing. Nevertheless, the crystallization pathways and mechanisms of perovskite formation involved in MASCN additive processing are far from clear. Using in situ X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence, we investigate the crystallization pathways of MAPbI3 and reveal the mechanisms of additive-assisted perovskite formation during spin coating and subsequent N2 drying. We confirm that MASCN induces large precursor aggregates in solution and, during spin coating, promotes the formation of the perovskite phase with lower nucleation density and overall larger initial nuclei size, which forms upon reaching supersaturation in solution, in addition to intermediate solvent-complex phases. Finally, during the subsequent N2 drying, MASCN facilitates the dissociation of these precursor aggregates and the solvate phases, leading to further growth of the perovskite crystals. Our results show that the nature of the intermediate phases and their formation/dissociation kinetics determine the nucleation and growth of the perovskite phase, which subsequently impact the film microstructure. These findings provide mechanistic insights underlying room-temperature, additive-assisted perovskite processing and help guide further development of such facile room-temperature synthesis routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Abdelsamie
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park 94025, California, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720, California, United States
| | - Tianyang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
| | - Finn Babbe
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720, California, United States
| | - Junwei Xu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park 94025, California, United States
| | - Qiwei Han
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
| | - Volker Blum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
| | - Carolin M Sutter-Fella
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720, California, United States
| | - David B Mitzi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park 94025, California, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, Colorado, United States
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27
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Pipitone C, Giannici F, Martorana A, Bertolotti F, Calabrese G, Milita S, Guagliardi A, Masciocchi N. Proton sponge lead halides containing 1D polyoctahedral chains. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01695k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid organic/inorganic lead halides with the proton sponge moiety show face-sharing [PbX6] octahedra forming linear 1D chains. These species exhibit complete (Br, I) miscibility and exceptional anisotropic thermal expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candida Pipitone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Università di Palermo
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | | | | | - Federica Bertolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia e To.Sca.Lab
- Università dell'Insubria
- 22100 Como
- Italy
| | - Gabriele Calabrese
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Silvia Milita
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Antonietta Guagliardi
- Istituto di Cristallografia e To.Sca.Lab
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 22100 Como
- Italy
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia e To.Sca.Lab
- Università dell'Insubria
- 22100 Como
- Italy
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28
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He W, Hu J, Chen C, Chen Y, Zeng L, Zhang X, Cai B, Mai Y, Guo F. Temperature-Assisted Crystal Growth of Photovoltaic α-Phase FAPbI 3 Thin Films by Sequential Blade Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55830-55837. [PMID: 33284590 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) exhibits the smallest band gap among lead halide perovskites, which is more desirable for solar cell applications compared to methylammonium-based counterparts. However, it remains a big challenge to prepare phase-pure α-FAPbI3 in addition to controlling the crystal morphology during film formation. Herein, we developed a temperature-assisted crystal growth to prepare high-quality thin films of α-FAPbI3 by sequential blade coating. It is found that depositing organic cation FAI at elevated temperatures facilitates the growth of α-FAPbI3, which otherwise yields mainly a yellow δ-phase at room temperature. In parallel, the crystal morphology of the perovskite films can be effectively manipulated by taking advantage of the porous structure of PbI2. Solar cells prepared with the blade-coated α-FAPbI3 yield a champion efficiency of 18.41%, which is among the highest values for FAPbI3-only solar devices. These results suggest that two-step sequential blade deposition offers a viable approach to fabricate high-quality α-FAPbI3 films for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin He
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- School of Applied Physics and Material, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Linxiang Zeng
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Boyuan Cai
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Abstract
Graphene, a 2D carbon structure, due to its unique materials characteristics for energy storage applications has grasped the considerable attention of scientists. The highlighted properties of this material with a mechanically robust and highly conductive nature have opened new opportunities for different energy storage systems such as Li-S (lithium-sulfur), Li-ion batteries, and metal-air batteries. It is necessary to understand the intrinsic properties of graphene materials to widen its large-scale applications in energy storage systems. In this review, different routes of graphene synthesis were investigated using chemical, thermal, plasma, and other methods along with their advantages and disadvantages. Apart from this, the applications of N-doped graphene in energy storage devices were discussed.
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30
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Stability evolution of ultrafine Ag nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in liquids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:444-451. [PMID: 33097224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the stability evolution of the silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in colloid has great benefits for its controllable preparation, storage and application. Herein, uncapped Ag NPs with diameter of 1.66 ± 0.37 nm are obtained by laser ablation of Ag target in deionized water, corresponding surface plasma resonance (SPR) bands, ζ potential and particle size distribution are monitored to investigate uncapped Ag NPs' stability evolution. Due to negatively charged surface, uncapped Ag NPs show an excellent dispersion stability in 70 days without any external disturbance. But its dispersion stability and structure stability are destroyed easily by an oscillation treatment, resulting in a tardy growth and the formation of one-dimensional Ag nanochain. In addition, the chemical stability of uncapped Ag NPs is dramatically varied by a displacement reaction with an inserted copper wire. As comparison, two typical cationic and anionic surfactant molecules, N-hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) are severally used to prepare surface capped Ag NPs. With same treatment of Ag colloid, both two kinds of capped Ag NPs display better dispersion stability and structure stability than uncapped Ag NPs. Moreover, CTAC capped Ag NPs keep a better chemical stability than SDBS capped Ag NPs.
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Alhazmi N, Pineda E, Rawle J, Howse JR, Dunbar ADF. Perovskite Crystallization Dynamics during Spin-Casting: An In Situ Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2020; 3:6155-6164. [PMID: 32905480 PMCID: PMC7469239 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In situ wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) has been measured during the spin coating process used to make the precursor films required for the formation of thin films of perovskite. A customized hollow axis spin coater was developed to permit the scattered X-rays to be collected in transmission geometry during the deposition process. Spin coating is the technique most commonly used in laboratories to make thin perovskite films. The dynamics of spin-casting MAPbI3-x Cl x and FAPbI3-x Cl x films have been investigated and compared to investigate the differences between the dynamics of MAPbI3-x Cl x and FAPbI3-x Cl x film formation. In particular, we focus on the crystallization dynamics of the precursor film formation. When casting MAPbI3-x Cl x , we observed relatively fast 1D crystallization of the intermediate product MA2PbI3Cl. There was an absence of the desired perovskite phase formed directly; it only appeared after an annealing step that converted the MA2PbI3Cl to MAPbI3. In contrast, slower crystallization via a 3D precursor was observed for FAPbI3-x Cl x film formation compared to MAPbI3-x Cl x . Another important finding was that some FAPbI3-x Cl x perovskite was generated directly during spin-casting before annealing. These findings indicate that there are significant differences between the crystallization pathways for these two perovskite materials. These are likely to explain the differences in the lifetimes of the resulting perovskite solar cell devices produced using FA and MA cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Alhazmi
- Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Edwin Pineda
- Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | | | - Jonathan R. Howse
- Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Alan D. F. Dunbar
- Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
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32
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Effects of annealing temperature on decaphenylcyclopentasilane-inserted CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Zhang T, Xu Q, Xu F, Fu Y, Wang Y, Yan Y, Zhang L, Zhao Y. Spontaneous low-temperature crystallization of α-FAPbI 3 for highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2019; 64:1608-1616. [PMID: 36659573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead triiodide (HC(NH2)2PbI3 or FAPbI3) is a promising light absorber for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells because of its superior light absorption range and thermal stability to CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3). Unfortunately, it is difficult to fabricate high-quality FAPbI3 thin films to surpass the MAPbI3-based cells due to easily forming unwanted but more stable yellow δ-phase and thus requiring high annealing-temperature for wanted photovoltaic-active black α-phase. Herein, we reported a novel low-temperature fabrication of highly crystallized α-FAPbI3 film exhibiting uniaxial-oriented nature with large grain sizes up to 2 μm. First-principles energetic calculations predicted that this novel deposition should be ascribed to the formation of a high-energy metastable two-dimensional (2D) intermediate of MAFAPbI3Cl followed by a spontaneous conversion to α-FAPbI3. The ions exchange reaction during this MAFAPbI3Cl-FAPbI3 conversion account for the perovskite film uniaxial-oriented grown along the (1 1 1) direction. This large-grain and uniaxial-oriented grown α-FAPbI3 based solar cells exhibited an efficiency up to 20.4% accompanying with low density-voltage (J-V) hysteresis and high stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuhao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Shi P, Ding Y, Ren Y, Shi X, Arain Z, Liu C, Liu X, Cai M, Cao G, Nazeeruddin MK, Dai S. Template-Assisted Formation of High-Quality α-Phase HC(NH 2) 2PbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901591. [PMID: 31728291 PMCID: PMC6839747 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium (FA) lead halide (α-FAPbI3) perovskites are promising materials for photovoltaic applications because of their excellent light harvesting capability (absorption edge 840 nm) and long carrier diffusion length. However, it is extremely difficult to prepare a pure α-FAPbI3 phase because of its easy transformation into a nondesirable δ-FAPbI3 phase. In the present study, a "perovskite" template (MAPbI3-FAI-PbI2-DMSO) structure is used to avoid and suppress the formation of δ-FAPbI3 phases. The perovskite structure is formed via postdeposition involving the treatment of colloidal MAI-PbI2-DMSO film with FAI before annealing. In situ X-ray diffraction in vacuum shows no detectable δ-FAPbI3 phase during the whole synthesis process when the sample is annealed from 100 to 180 °C. This method is found to reduce defects at grain boundaries and enhance the film quality as determined by means of photoluminescence mapping and Kelvin probe force microscopy. The perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated by this method demonstrate a much-enhanced short-circuit current density ( J sc) of 24.99 mA cm-2 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.24%, which is the highest efficiency reported for pure FAPbI3, with great stability under 800 h of thermal ageing and 500 h of light soaking in nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Yingke Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Xiaoqiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Zulqarnain Arain
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Molang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Guozhong Cao
- Institute of Materials Science & EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattle98195USA
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)CH‐1951SionSwitzerland
| | - Songyuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy SourcesNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin‐Film Solar CellsBeijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean UtilizationNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
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35
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Qin M, Tse K, Lau TK, Li Y, Su CJ, Yang G, Chen J, Zhu J, Jeng US, Li G, Chen H, Lu X. Manipulating the Mixed-Perovskite Crystallization Pathway Unveiled by In Situ GIWAXS. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901284. [PMID: 31038236 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mixed perovskites have achieved substantial successes in boosting solar cell efficiency, but the complicated perovskite crystal formation pathway remains mysterious. Here, the detailed crystallization process of mixed perovskites (FA0.83 MA0.17 Pb(I0.83 Br0.17 )3 ) during spin-coating is revealed by in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements, and three phase-formation stages are identified: I) precursor solution; II) hexagonal δ-phase (2H); and III) complex phases including hexagonal polytypes (4H, 6H), MAI-PbI2 -DMSO intermediate phases, and perovskite α-phase. The correlated device performance and ex situ characterizations suggest the existence of an "annealing window" covering the duration of stage II. The spin-coated film should be annealed within the annealing window to avoid the formation of hexagonal polytypes during the perovskite crystallization process, thus achieving a good device performance. Remarkably, the crystallization pathway can be manipulated by incorporating Cs+ ions in mixed perovskites. Combined with density functional theory calculations, the perovskite system with sufficient Cs+ will bypass the formation of secondary phases in stage III by promoting the formation of α-phase both kinetically and thermodynamically, thereby significantly extending the annealing window. This study provides underlying reasons of the time sensitivity of fabricating mixed-perovskite devices and insightful guidelines for manipulating the perovskite crystallization pathways toward higher performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Kinfai Tse
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz-Ki Lau
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jiehuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong
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36
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Park J, Choi JW, Kim W, Lee R, Woo HC, Shin J, Kim H, Son YJ, Jo JY, Lee H, Kwon S, Lee CL, Jung GY. Improvement of perovskite crystallinity by omnidirectional heat transfer via radiative thermal annealing. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14868-14875. [PMID: 35516303 PMCID: PMC9064265 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01309a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As promising photo-absorbing materials for photovoltaics, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials such as methylammonium lead iodide and formamidinium lead iodide, have attracted lots of attention from many researchers. Among the various factors to be considered for high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), increasing the grain size of perovskite is most important. However, it is difficult to obtain a highly crystalline perovskite film with large grain size by using the conventional hot-plate annealing method because heat is transferred unidirectionally from the bottom to the top. In this work, we presented radiative thermal annealing (RTA) to improve the structural and electrical properties of perovskite films. Owing to the omnidirectional heat transfer, swift and uniform nuclei formation was possible within the perovskite film. An average grain size of 500 nm was obtained, which is 5 times larger than that of the perovskite film annealed on a hot-plate. This perovskite film led to an enhancement of photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Both short-circuit current density and PCE of the PSCs prepared by RTA were improved by 10%, compared to those of PSCs prepared by hot-plate annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Woochul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeri Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chul Woo
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonghun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Son
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Sooncheol Kwon
- Research Institute of Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Lyoul Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Young Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
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37
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Dunlap-Shohl WA, Zhou Y, Padture NP, Mitzi DB. Synthetic Approaches for Halide Perovskite Thin Films. Chem Rev 2018; 119:3193-3295. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiley A. Dunlap-Shohl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Nitin P. Padture
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - David B. Mitzi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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38
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Hazarika A, Zhao Q, Gaulding EA, Christians JA, Dou B, Marshall AR, Moot T, Berry JJ, Johnson JC, Luther JM. Perovskite Quantum Dot Photovoltaic Materials beyond the Reach of Thin Films: Full-Range Tuning of A-Site Cation Composition. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10327-10337. [PMID: 30251834 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We present a cation-exchange approach for tunable A-site alloys of cesium (Cs+) and formamidinium (FA+) lead triiodide perovskite nanocrystals that enables the formation of compositions spanning the complete range of Cs1- xFA xPbI3, unlike thin-film alloys or the direct synthesis of alloyed perovskite nanocrystals. These materials show bright and finely tunable emission in the red and near-infrared range between 650 and 800 nm. The activation energy for the miscibility between Cs+ and FA+ is measured (∼0.65 eV) and is shown to be higher than reported for X-site exchange in lead halide perovskites. We use these alloyed colloidal perovskite quantum dots to fabricate photovoltaic devices. In addition to the expanded compositional range for Cs1- xFA xPbI3 materials, the quantum dot solar cells exhibit high open-circuit voltage ( VOC) with a lower loss than the thin-film perovskite devices of similar compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Hazarika
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Qian Zhao
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
- College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - E Ashley Gaulding
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | | | - Benjia Dou
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Ashley R Marshall
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Taylor Moot
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Joseph J Berry
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Justin C Johnson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Joseph M Luther
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
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39
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Zhu H, Cai T, Que M, Song JP, Rubenstein BM, Wang Z, Chen O. Pressure-Induced Phase Transformation and Band-Gap Engineering of Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4199-4205. [PMID: 29991259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead halide (FAPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite materials have recently drawn an increased amount of attention owing to their superior optoelectronic properties and enhanced material stability as compared with their methylammonium-based (MA-based) analogues. Herein, we report a study of the pressure-induced structural and optical evolutions of FAPbI3 hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) using a synchrotron-based X-ray scattering technique coupled to in situ absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies. As a result of their unique structural stability and soft nature, FAPbI3 NCs exhibit a wide range of band-gap tunability (1.44-2.17 eV) as a function of pressure (0-13.4 GPa). The study presented here not only provides an efficient and chemically orthogonal means to controllably engineer the band gap of FAPbI3 NCs using pressure but more importantly sheds light on how to strategically design the band gaps of FA-based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites for various optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Tong Cai
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Meidan Que
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Jeong-Pil Song
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Brenda M Rubenstein
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
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40
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Askar AM, Karmakar A, Bernard GM, Ha M, Terskikh VV, Wiltshire BD, Patel S, Fleet J, Shankar K, Michaelis VK. Composition-Tunable Formamidinium Lead Mixed Halide Perovskites via Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Synthesis: Decoding the Pb Environments Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2671-2677. [PMID: 29715040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-halide lead perovskites are becoming of paramount interest in the optoelectronic and photovoltaic research fields, offering band gap tunability, improved efficiency, and enhanced stability compared to their single halide counterparts. Formamidinium-based mixed halide perovskites (FA-MHPs) are critical to obtaining optimum solar cell performance. Here, we report a solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis (MCS) method to prepare FA-MHPs, starting with their parent compounds (FAPbX3; X = Cl, Br, I), achieving compositions not previously accessible through the solvent synthesis (SS) technique. By probing local Pb environments in MCS FA-MHPs using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, along with powder X-ray diffraction for long-range crystallinity and reflectance measurements to determine the optical band gap, we show that MCS FA-MHPs form atomic-level solid solutions between Cl/Br and Br/I MHPs. Our results pave the way for advanced methods in atomic-level structural understanding while offering a one-pot synthetic approach to prepare MHPs with superior control of stoichiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman M Askar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Abhoy Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Guy M Bernard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Michelle Ha
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Victor V Terskikh
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Benjamin D Wiltshire
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Sahil Patel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Jonathan Fleet
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Vladimir K Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2
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41
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Meng K, Wu L, Liu Z, Wang X, Xu Q, Hu Y, He S, Li X, Li T, Chen G. In Situ Real-Time Study of the Dynamic Formation and Conversion Processes of Metal Halide Perovskite Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1706401. [PMID: 29356157 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have advanced to the forefront of solution-processed photovoltaic techniques and made stunning progress in power conversion efficiency (PCE). Further improvements in device performances rely on perfecting the structure and morphology of perovskite films. However, undesirable defects such as pinholes and grain boundaries are often created in film preparations due to lack of knowledge of the precise reaction mechanism. Here, in situ grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD) investigations are performed, facilitated by other techniques, on the formation of the widely adopted MAPbI3 (MA = methylammonium) perovskite films from their intermediate adduct (IA) phases. The influences of solvent vapor atmospheres on MAPbI3 films are also systematically investigated, where the dynamic conversion processes between different phases are visualized in real time. Further in situ GI-XRD and infrared spectroscopy measurements reveal that the IA phases contain both N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as coordinating molecules. By tuning the DMSO concentration in perovskite precursors, the ideal perovskite film is formed and the best PCE is achieved for the planar MAPbI3 -based PSCs. These findings highlight the role of IA phases and the effect of solvent atmospheres on the quality of perovskite films, providing direct insights into their growth mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Longlong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qiaofei Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Youdi Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Sanfeng He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
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42
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Chia HC, Sheu HS, Hsiao YY, Li SS, Lan YK, Lin CY, Chang JW, Kuo YC, Chen CH, Weng SC, Su CJ, Su AC, Chen CW, Jeng US. Critical Intermediate Structure That Directs the Crystalline Texture and Surface Morphology of Organo-Lead Trihalide Perovskite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36897-36906. [PMID: 28984127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have identified an often observed yet unresolved intermediate structure in a popular processing with dimethylformamide solutions of lead chloride and methylammonium iodide for perovskite solar cells. With subsecond time-resolved grazing-incidence X-ray scattering and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, supplemental with ab initio calculation, the resolved intermediate structure (CH3NH3)2PbI2Cl2·CH3NH3I features two-dimensional (2D) perovskite bilayers of zigzagged lead-halide octahedra and sandwiched CH3NH3I layers. Such intermediate structure reveals a hidden correlation between the intermediate phase and the composition of the processing solution. Most importantly, the 2D perovskite lattice of the intermediate phase is largely crystallographically aligned with the [110] planes of the three-dimensional perovskite cubic phase; consequently, with sublimation of Cl ions from the organo-lead octahedral terminal corners in prolonged annealing, the zigzagged octahedral layers of the intermediate phase can merge with the intercalated methylammonium iodide layers for templated growth of perovskite crystals. Regulated by annealing temperature and the activation energies of the intermediate and perovskite, deduced from analysis of temperature-dependent structural kinetics, the intermediate phase is found to selectively mature first and then melt along the layering direction for epitaxial conversion into perovskite crystals. The unveiled epitaxial conversion under growth kinetics controls might be general for solution-processed and intermediate-templated perovskite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chung Chia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hwo-Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yun Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Sian Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kang Lan
- Materials and Electro-Optic Research Division, National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology , Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yao Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Je-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chien Kuo
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Weng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - An-Chung Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
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43
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Ono LK, Juarez-Perez EJ, Qi Y. Progress on Perovskite Materials and Solar Cells with Mixed Cations and Halide Anions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30197-30246. [PMID: 28682587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials (e.g., MAPbI3, FAPbI3, etc.; where MA = CH3NH3+, FA = CH(NH2)2+) have been studied intensively for photovoltaic applications. Major concerns for the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology to take off include lead toxicity, long-term stability, hysteresis, and optimal bandgap. Therefore, there is still need for further exploration of alternative candidates. Elemental composition engineering of MAPbI3 and FAPbI3 has been proposed to address the above concerns. Among the best six certified power conversion efficiencies reported by National Renewable Energy Laboratory on perovskite-based solar cells, five are based on mixed perovskites (e.g., MAPbI1-xBrx, FA0.85MA0.15PbI2.55Br0.45, Cs0.1FA0.75MA0.15PbI2.49Br0.51). In this paper, we review the recent progress on the synthesis and fundamental aspects of mixed cation and halide perovskites correlating with device performance, long-term stability, and hysteresis. In the outlook, we outline the future research directions based on the reported results as well as related topics that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis K Ono
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSS), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Emilio J Juarez-Perez
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSS), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yabing Qi
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSS), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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44
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Steele JA, Yuan H, Tan CYX, Keshavarz M, Steuwe C, Roeffaers MBJ, Hofkens J. Direct Laser Writing of δ- to α-Phase Transformation in Formamidinium Lead Iodide. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8072-8083. [PMID: 28763617 PMCID: PMC5595358 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Organolead halide perovskites are increasingly considered for applications well beyond photovoltaics, for example, as the active regions within photonic devices. Herein, we report the direct laser writing (DLW: 458 nm cw-laser) of the formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) yellow δ-phase into its high-temperature luminescent black α-phase, a remarkably easy and scalable approach that takes advantage of the material's susceptibility to transition under ambient conditions. Through the DLW of α-FAPbI3 tracks on δ-FAPbI3 single-crystal surfaces, the controlled and rapid microfabrication of highly luminescent structures exhibiting long-term phase stability is detailed, offering an avenue toward the prototyping of complex perovskite-based optical devices. The dynamics and kinetics of laser-induced δ- to α-phase transformations are investigated in situ by Raman microprobe analysis, as a function of irradiation power, time, temperature, and atmospheric conditions, revealing an interesting connection between oxygen intercalation at the surface and the δ- to α-phase transformation dynamics, an insight that will find application within the wider context of FAPbI3 thermal phase relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A. Steele
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- E-mail:
| | - Haifeng Yuan
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Collin Y. X. Tan
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Masoumeh Keshavarz
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Christian Steuwe
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Maarten B. J. Roeffaers
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- E-mail:
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Centre
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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Shi L, Young TL, Kim J, Sheng Y, Wang L, Chen Y, Feng Z, Keevers MJ, Hao X, Verlinden PJ, Green MA, Ho-Baillie AWY. Accelerated Lifetime Testing of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Encapsulated by Polyisobutylene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25073-25081. [PMID: 28700216 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone rapid progress. However, unstable performance caused by sensitivity to environmental moisture and high temperature is a major impediment to commercialization of PSCs. In the present work, a low-temperature, glass-glass encapsulation technique using high performance polyisobutylene (PIB) as the moisture barrier is investigated on planar glass/FTO/TiO2/FAPbI3/PTAA/gold perovskite solar cells. PIB was applied as either an edge seal or blanket layer. Electrical connections to the encapsulated PSCs were provided by either the FTO or Au layers. Results of a "calcium test" demonstrated that a PIB edge-seal effectively prevents moisture ingress. A shelf life test was performed and the PIB-sealed PSC was stable for at least 200 days. Damp heat and thermal cycling tests, in compliance with IEC61215:2016, were used to evaluate different encapsulation methods. Current-voltage measurements were performed regularly under simulated AM1.5G sunlight to monitor changes in PCE. The best results we have achieved to date maintained the initial efficiency after 540 h of damp heat testing and 200 thermal cycles. To the best of the authors' knowledge, these are among the best damp heat and thermal cycle test results for perovskite solar cells published to date. Given the modest performance of the cells (8% averaged from forward and reverse scans) especially with the more challenging FAPbI3 perovskite material tested in this work, it is envisaged that better stability results can be further achieved when higher performance perovskite solar cells are encapsulated using the PIB packaging techniques developed in this work. We propose that heat rather than moisture was the main cause of our PSC degradation. Furthermore, we propose that preventing the escape of volatile decomposition products from the perovskite solar cell materials is the key for stability. PIB encapsulation is a very promising packaging solution for perovskite solar cells, given its demonstrated effectiveness, ease of application, low application temperature, and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Trevor L Young
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Jincheol Kim
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Sheng
- Trina Solar , No.2 Trina Road, Trina PV Industrial Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213031, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Trina Solar , No.2 Trina Road, Trina PV Industrial Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213031, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Trina Solar , No.2 Trina Road, Trina PV Industrial Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213031, China
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- Trina Solar , No.2 Trina Road, Trina PV Industrial Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213031, China
| | - Mark J Keevers
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Pierre J Verlinden
- Trina Solar , No.2 Trina Road, Trina PV Industrial Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213031, China
| | - Martin A Green
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Anita W Y Ho-Baillie
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
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46
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Synthesis and characterization of perovskite FAPbBr3−x I x thin films for solar cells. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-1958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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