1
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Carter BM, Day GJ, Zhang WH, Sessions RB, Jackson CJ, Perriman AW. Partitioning of an Enzyme-Polymer Surfactant Nanocomplex into Lipid-Rich Cellular Compartments Drives In Situ Hydrolysis of Organophosphates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401982. [PMID: 38992997 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Most organophosphates (OPs) are hydrophobic, and after exposure, can sequester into lipophilic regions within the body, such as adipose tissue, resulting in long term chronic effects. Consequently, there is an urgent need for therapeutic agents that can decontaminate OPs in these hydrophobic regions. Accordingly, an enzyme-polymer surfactant nanocomplex is designed and tested comprising chemically supercharged phosphotriesterase (Agrobacterium radiobacter; arPTE) electrostatically conjugated to amphiphilic polymer surfactant chains ([cat.arPTE][S-]). Experimentally-derived structural data are combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide atomic level detail on conformational ensembles of the nanocomplex using dielectric constants relevant to aqueous and lipidic microenvironments. These show the formation of a compact admicelle pseudophase surfactant corona under aqueous conditions, which reconfigures to yield an extended conformation at a low dielectric constant, providing insight into the mechanism underpinning cell membrane binding. Significantly, it demonstrated that [cat.arPTE][S-] spontaneously binds to human mesenchymal stem cell membranes (hMSCs), resulting in on-cell OP hydrolysis. Moreover, the nanoconstruct can endocytose and partition into the intracellular fatty vacuoles of adipocytes and hydrolyze sequestered OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Graham J Day
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - William H Zhang
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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2
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Wang Y, Shi J, Xin M, Kahkoska AR, Wang J, Gu Z. Cell-drug conjugates. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6. [PMID: 38951139 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
By combining living cells with therapeutics, cell-drug conjugates can potentiate the functions of both components, particularly for applications in drug delivery and therapy. The conjugates can be designed to persist in the bloodstream, undergo chemotaxis, evade surveillance by the immune system, proliferate, or maintain or transform their cellular phenotypes. In this Review, we discuss strategies for the design of cell-drug conjugates with specific functions, the techniques for their preparation, and their applications in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases and other pathologies. We also discuss the translational challenges and opportunities of this class of drug-delivery systems and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Minhang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna R Kahkoska
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Su L, Zhao Z, Xia J, Xia J, Nian Y, Shan K, Zhao D, He H, Li C. Protecting meat color: The interplay of betanin red and myoglobin through antioxidation and coloration. Food Chem 2024; 442:138410. [PMID: 38219566 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) responsible for meat color is easily oxidized resulting in meat discoloration. Here, betanin red (BR), as a natural pigment and antioxidant, was chosen for enhancing redness and inhibiting oxidation. Multiple spectroscopies, isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking demonstrated that BR changed the microenvironment of heme group and amino acid residues of Mb, inhibited the oxidation of oxymyoglobin. The main interaction force was hydrogen bond and one variable binding site provided a continuous protective barrier to realize antioxidation. The combination of antioxidation with the inherent red color of BR offered dual color protection effect on processed beef with the addition amount of 0.2 % BR. BR treatment enhanced the redness by 25.59 ∼ 53.24 % and the sensory acceptance by 4.89 ∼ 14.24 %, and decreased the lipid oxidation by 0.58 ∼ 15.92 %. This study paves a theoretical basis for the application of BR and its structural analogues in meat color protection and other quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zerun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiulin Xia
- Suzhou Weizhixiang Food Co., LTD., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Suzhou Weizhixiang Food Co., LTD., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingqun Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kai Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui He
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chunbao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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4
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Zoneff E, Wang Y, Jackson C, Smith O, Duchi S, Onofrillo C, Farrugia B, Moulton SE, Williams R, Parish C, Nisbet DR, Caballero-Aguilar LM. Controlled oxygen delivery to power tissue regeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4361. [PMID: 38778053 PMCID: PMC11111456 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen plays a crucial role in human embryogenesis, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration. Emerging engineered regenerative solutions call for novel oxygen delivery systems. To become a reality, these systems must consider physiological processes, oxygen release mechanisms and the target application. In this review, we explore the biological relevance of oxygen at both a cellular and tissue level, and the importance of its controlled delivery via engineered biomaterials and devices. Recent advances and upcoming trends in the field are also discussed with a focus on tissue-engineered constructs that could meet metabolic demands to facilitate regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Zoneff
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yi Wang
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Colin Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Oliver Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmine Onofrillo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brooke Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Williams
- IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare Parish
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lilith M Caballero-Aguilar
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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5
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Macalester W, Boussahel A, Moreno-Tortolero RO, Shannon MR, West N, Hill D, Perriman A. A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:37. [PMID: 38734663 PMCID: PMC11088668 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral defects. However, the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering, exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems, which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment efficacy. Herein, we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel bioink. We demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs, and that both dentine and β-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface, which is distal to the gel-substrate interface. Our findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Macalester
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Asme Boussahel
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Rafael O Moreno-Tortolero
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantocks Close, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Shannon
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola West
- Periodontology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Darryl Hill
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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6
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Zhan Y, Jiang W, Liu Z, Wang Z, Guo K, Sun J. Utilizing bioprinting to engineer spatially organized tissues from the bottom-up. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:101. [PMID: 38589956 PMCID: PMC11003108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to the growing demand for organ substitutes, tissue engineering has evolved significantly. However, it is still challenging to create functional tissues and organs. Tissue engineering from the 'bottom-up' is promising on solving this problem due to its ability to construct tissues with physiological complexity. The workflow of this strategy involves two key steps: the creation of building blocks, and the subsequent assembly. There are many techniques developed for the two pivotal steps. Notably, bioprinting is versatile among these techniques and has been widely used in research. With its high level of automation, bioprinting has great capacity in engineering tissues with precision and holds promise to construct multi-material tissues. In this review, we summarize the techniques applied in fabrication and assembly of building blocks. We elaborate mechanisms and applications of bioprinting, particularly in the 'bottom-up' strategy. We state our perspectives on future trends of bottom-up tissue engineering, hoping to provide useful reference for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Zhan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ke Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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7
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Cruz-Samperio R, Hicks CL, Scott A, Gispert Contamina I, Elani Y, Richardson RJ, Perriman AW. Modular Bioorthogonal Lipid Nanoparticle Modification Platforms for Cardiac Homing. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22659-22670. [PMID: 37812759 PMCID: PMC10591475 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are becoming widely adopted as vectors for the delivery of therapeutic payloads but generally lack intrinsic tissue-homing properties. These extracellular vesicle (EV) mimetics can be targeted toward the liver, lung, or spleen via charge modification of their lipid headgroups. Homing to other tissues has only been achieved via covalent surface modification strategies using small-molecule ligands, peptides, or monoclonal antibodies─methods that are challenging to couple with large-scale manufacturing. Herein, we design a novel modular artificial membrane-binding protein (AMBP) platform for the modification of LNPs postformation. The system is composed of two protein modules that can be readily coupled using bioorthogonal chemistry to yield the AMBP. The first is a membrane anchor module comprising a supercharged green fluorescent protein (scGFP) electrostatically conjugated to a dynamic polymer surfactant corona. The second is a functional module containing a cardiac tissue fibronectin homing sequence from the bacterial adhesin CshA. We demonstrate that LNPs modified using the AMBP exhibit a 20-fold increase in uptake by fibronectin-rich C2C12 cells under static conditions and a 10-fold increase under physiologically relevant shear stresses, with no loss of cell viability. Moreover, we show targeted localization of the AMBP-modified LNPs in zebrafish hearts, highlighting their therapeutic potential as a vector for the treatment of cardiac disease and, more generally, as a smart vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cruz-Samperio
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Corrigan L. Hicks
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Aaron Scott
- School
of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | | | - Yuval Elani
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Rebecca J. Richardson
- School
of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- John
Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian
National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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8
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Hosseini FS, Abedini AA, Chen F, Whitfield T, Ude CC, Laurencin CT. Oxygen-Generating Biomaterials for Translational Bone Regenerative Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:50721-50741. [PMID: 36988393 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Successful regeneration of critical-size defects remains one of the significant challenges in regenerative engineering. These large-scale bone defects are difficult to regenerate and are often reconstructed with matrices that do not provide adequate oxygen levels to stem cells involved in the regeneration process. Hypoxia-induced necrosis predominantly occurs in the center of large matrices since the host tissue's local vasculature fails to provide sufficient nutrients and oxygen. Indeed, utilizing oxygen-generating materials can overcome the central hypoxic region, induce tissue in-growth, and increase the quality of life for patients with extensive tissue damage. This article reviews recent advances in oxygen-generating biomaterials for translational bone regenerative engineering. We discussed different oxygen-releasing and delivery methods, fabrication methods for oxygen-releasing matrices, biology, oxygen's role in bone regeneration, and emerging new oxygen delivery methods that could potentially be used for bone regenerative engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh S Hosseini
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Skeletal Biology and Regeneration, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Amir Abbas Abedini
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Feiyang Chen
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Taraje Whitfield
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Skeletal Biology and Regeneration, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Chinedu C Ude
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Skeletal Biology and Regeneration, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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9
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Zhang P, Chen J, Sun Y, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Mo Q, Yao Q, Zhang W. A 3D multifunctional bi-layer scaffold to regulate stem cell behaviors and promote osteochondral regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1240-1261. [PMID: 36648128 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02203f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral defect (OCD) regeneration remains a great challenge. Recently, multilayer scaffold simulating native osteochondral structures have aroused broad interest in osteochondral tissue engineering. Here, we developed a 3D multifunctional bi-layer scaffold composed of a kartogenin (KGN)-loaded GelMA hydrogel (GelMA/KGN) as an upper layer mimicking a cartilage-specific extracellular matrix and a hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated 3D printed polycaprolactone porous scaffold (PCL/HA) as a lower layer simulating subchondral bone. The bi-layer scaffolds were subsequently modified with tannic acid (TA) prime-coating and E7 peptide conjugation (PCL/HA-GelMA/KGN@TA/E7) to regulate endogenous stem cell behaviors and exert antioxidant activity for enhanced osteochondral regeneration. In vitro, the scaffolds could support cell attachment and proliferation, and enhance the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a specific layer. Besides, the incorporation of TA/E7 significantly increased the biological activity of the bi-layer scaffolds including the pro-migratory effect, antioxidant activity, and the maintenance of cell viability against oxidative stress. In vivo, the developed bi-layer scaffolds enhanced the simultaneous regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone when implanted into a rabbit OCD model through macroscopic, micro-CT, and histological evaluation. Taken together, these investigations demonstrated that the 3D multifunctional bi-layer scaffolds could provide a suitable microenvironment for endogenous stem cells, and promote in situ osteochondral regeneration, showing great potential for the clinical treatment of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Digital Medicine Institute, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Hospital, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China
| | - Yuzhi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Digital Medicine Institute, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Hospital, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhicheng Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Digital Medicine Institute, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Hospital, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qingyun Mo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Digital Medicine Institute, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Hospital, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China. .,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China
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10
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Armstrong JPK. Tissue Engineering Cartilage with Deep Zone Cytoarchitecture by High-Resolution Acoustic Cell Patterning. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200481. [PMID: 35815530 PMCID: PMC7614068 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The ultimate objective of tissue engineering is to fabricate artificial living constructs with a structural organization and function that faithfully resembles their native tissue counterparts. For example, the deep zone of articular cartilage possesses a distinctive anisotropic architecture with chondrocytes organized in aligned arrays ≈1-2 cells wide, features that are oriented parallel to surrounding extracellular matrix fibers and orthogonal to the underlying subchondral bone. Although there are major advances in fabricating custom tissue architectures, it remains a significant technical challenge to precisely recreate such fine cellular features in vitro. Here, it is shown that ultrasound standing waves can be used to remotely organize living chondrocytes into high-resolution anisotropic arrays, distributed throughout the full volume of agarose hydrogels. It is demonstrated that this cytoarchitecture is maintained throughout a five-week course of in vitro tissue engineering, producing hyaline cartilage with cellular and extracellular matrix organization analogous to the deep zone of native articular cartilage. It is anticipated that this acoustic cell patterning method will provide unprecedented opportunities to interrogate in vitro the contribution of chondrocyte organization to the development of aligned extracellular matrix fibers, and ultimately, the design of new mechanically anisotropic tissue grafts for articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. K. Armstrong
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol BS1 3NY, UK; Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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11
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Steele JAM, Moore AC, St-Pierre JP, McCullen SD, Gormley AJ, Horgan CC, Black CR, Meinert C, Klein T, Saifzadeh S, Steck R, Ren J, Woodruff MA, Stevens MM. In vitro and in vivo investigation of a zonal microstructured scaffold for osteochondral defect repair. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121548. [PMID: 35588688 PMCID: PMC7615488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is comprised of zones that vary in architecture, extracellular matrix composition, and mechanical properties. Here, we designed and engineered a porous zonal microstructured scaffold from a single biocompatible polymer (poly [ϵ-caprolactone]) using multiple fabrication strategies: electrospinning, spherical porogen leaching, directional freezing, and melt electrowriting. With this approach we mimicked the zonal structure of articular cartilage and produced a stiffness gradient through the scaffold which aligns with the mechanics of the native tissue. Chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds accumulated extracellular matrix including glycosaminoglycans and collagen II over four weeks in vitro. This prompted us to further study the repair efficacy in a skeletally mature porcine model. Two osteochondral lesions were produced in the trochlear groove of 12 animals and repaired using four treatment conditions: (1) microstructured scaffold, (2) chondrocyte seeded microstructured scaffold, (3) MaioRegen™, and (4) empty defect. After 6 months the defect sites were harvested and analyzed using histology, micro computed tomography, and Raman microspectroscopy mapping. Overall, the scaffolds were retained in the defect space, repair quality was repeatable, and there was clear evidence of osteointegration. The repair quality of the microstructured scaffolds was not superior to the control based on histological scoring; however, the lower score was biased by the lack of histological staining due to the limited degradation of the implant at 6 months. Longer follow up studies (e.g., 1 yr) will be required to fully evaluate the efficacy of the microstructured scaffold. In conclusion, we found consistent scaffold retention, osteointegration, and prolonged degradation of the microstructured scaffold, which we propose may have beneficial effects for the long-term repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A M Steele
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Division of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE 171 77, Sweden
| | - Axel C Moore
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jean-Philippe St-Pierre
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Seth D McCullen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Adam J Gormley
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Division of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE 171 77, Sweden
| | - Conor C Horgan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Cameron Rm Black
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Travis Klein
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Siamak Saifzadeh
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Roland Steck
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jiongyu Ren
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maria A Woodruff
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Division of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE 171 77, Sweden.
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12
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Dabbadie A, Salerno A, Perriman A, Lian LY, Hollander AP. Development of chimeric forms of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 collagen binding domain as artificial membrane binding proteins for targeting stem cells to cartilage lesions in osteoarthritic joints. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121547. [PMID: 35533445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Targeting stem cells to cartilage lesions has the potential to enhance engraftment and chondrogenesis. Denatured type II collagen fibrils (gelatin) are exposed in lesions at the surface of osteoarthritic articular cartilage and are therefore ideal target sites. We have designed and investigated chimeric mutants of the three modules of the MMP-2 collagen binding domain (CBD) as potential ligands for stem cell targeting. We expressed full-length CBD for the first time and used it to identify the most important amino acid residues for binding to gelatin. Module 2 of CBD had the highest affinity binding to both Type I and Type II gelatin, whereas module 1 showed specificity for type II gelatin and module 3 for type I gelatin. We went on to generate chimeric forms of CBD consisting of three repeats of module 1 (111), module 2 (222) or module 3 (333). 111 lacked solubility and could not be further characterised. However 222 was found to bind to type II gelatin 14 times better than CBD, suggesting it would be optimal for attachment to cartilage lesions, whilst 333 was found to bind to type I gelatin 12 times better than CBD, suggesting it would be optimal for attachment to lesions in type I collagen-rich tissues. We coated 222 onto the external membrane of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and demonstrated higher attachment of the coated cells to type II gelatin than uncoated cells. We conclude that the three modules of CBD each have specific biological properties that can be exploited for targeting stem cells to cartilage lesions and other pathological sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Dabbadie
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, School of Biosciences, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anna Salerno
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Lu-Yun Lian
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, School of Biosciences, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anthony P Hollander
- Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
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13
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Day GJ, Zhang WH, Carter BM, Xiao W, Sambrook MR, Perriman AW. A Rationally Designed Supercharged Protein-Enzyme Chimera Self-Assembles In Situ to Yield Bifunctional Composite Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60433-60445. [PMID: 34894651 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalytically active materials for the enhancement of personalized protective equipment (PPE) could be advantageous to help alleviate threats posed by neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds (OPs). Accordingly, a chimeric protein comprised of a supercharged green fluorescent protein (scGFP) and phosphotriesterase from Agrobacterium radiobacter (arPTE) was designed to drive the polymer surfactant (S-)-mediated self-assembly of microclusters to produce robust, enzymatically active materials. The chimera scGFP-arPTE was structurally characterized via circular dichroism spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering, and its biophysical properties were determined. Significantly, the chimera exhibited greater thermal stability than the native constituent proteins, as well as a higher catalytic turnover number (kcat). Furthermore, scGFP-arPTE was electrostatically complexed with monomeric S-, driving self-assembly into [scGFP-arPTE][S-] nanoclusters, which could be dehydrated and cross-linked to yield enzymatically active [scGFP-arPTE][S-] porous films with a high-order structure. Moreover, these clusters could self-assemble within cotton fibers to generate active composite textiles without the need for the pretreatment of the fabrics. Significantly, the resulting materials maintained the biophysical activities of both constituent proteins and displayed recyclable and persistent activity against the nerve agent simulant paraoxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham J Day
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - William H Zhang
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ben M Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Sambrook
- CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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14
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Zhang W, Day GJ, Zampetakis I, Carrabba M, Zhang Z, Carter BM, Govan N, Jackson C, Chen M, Perriman AW. Three-Dimensional Printable Enzymatically Active Plastics. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:6070-6077. [PMID: 35983011 PMCID: PMC9376927 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a facile route to the synthesis of enzymatically active highly fabricable plastics, where the enzyme is an intrinsic component of the material. This is facilitated by the formation of an electrostatically stabilized enzyme-polymer surfactant nanoconstruct, which, after lyophilization and melting, affords stable macromolecular dispersions in a wide range of organic solvents. A selection of plastics can then be co-dissolved in the dispersions, which provides a route to bespoke 3D enzyme plastic nanocomposite structures using a wide range of fabrication techniques, including melt electrowriting, casting, and piston-driven 3D printing. The resulting constructs comprising active phosphotriesterase (arPTE) readily detoxify organophosphates with persistent activity over repeated cycles and for long time periods. Moreover, we show that the protein guest molecules, such as arPTE or sfGFP, increase the compressive Young's modulus of the plastics and that the identity of the biomolecule influences the nanomorphology and mechanical properties of the resulting materials. Overall, we demonstrate that these biologically active nanocomposite plastics are compatible with state-of-the-art 3D fabrication techniques and that the methodology could be readily applied to produce robust and on-demand smart nanomaterial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William
H. Zhang
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Day
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Zampetakis
- Bristol
Composites Institute (ACCIS), University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Carrabba
- Bristol
Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8DZ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Ben M. Carter
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Govan
- Defence
Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Jackson
- Australian
National University, Research School of
Chemistry, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and
Protein Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Menglin Chen
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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15
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An artificial membrane binding protein-polymer surfactant nanocomplex facilitates stem cell adhesion to the cartilage extracellular matrix. Biomaterials 2021; 276:120996. [PMID: 34280823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the major challenges within the emerging field of injectable stem cell therapies for articular cartilage (AC) repair is the retention of sufficient viable cell numbers at the site of injury. Even when delivered via intra-articular injection, the number of stem cells retained at the target is often low and declines rapidly over time. To address this challenge, an artificial plasma membrane binding nanocomplex was rationally designed to provide human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with increased adhesion to articular cartilage tissue. The nanocomplex comprises the extracellular matrix (ECM) binding peptide of a placenta growth factor-2 (PlGF-2) fused to a supercharged green fluorescent protein (scGFP), which was electrostatically conjugated to anionic polymer surfactant chains to yield [S-]scGFP_PlGF2. The [S-]scGFP_PlGF2 nanocomplex spontaneously inserts into the plasma membrane of hMSCs, is not cytotoxic, and does not inhibit differentiation. The nanocomplex-modified hMSCs showed a significant increase in affinity for immobilised collagen II, a key ECM protein of cartilage, in both static and dynamic cell adhesion assays. Moreover, the cells adhered strongly to bovine ex vivo articular cartilage explants resulting in high cell numbers. These findings suggest that the re-engineering of hMSC membranes with [S-]scGFP_PlGF2 could improve the efficacy of injectable stem cell-based therapies for the treatment of damaged articular cartilage.
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16
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Thomsen T, Reissmann R, Kaba E, Engelhardt B, Klok HA. Covalent and Noncovalent Conjugation of Degradable Polymer Nanoparticles to T Lymphocytes. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3416-3430. [PMID: 34170107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cells are attractive as carriers that can help to enhance control over the biodistribution of polymer nanomedicines. One strategy to use cells as carriers is based on the cell surface immobilization of the nanoparticle cargo. While a range of strategies can be used to immobilize nanoparticles on cell surfaces, only limited effort has been made to investigate the effect of these surface modification chemistries on cell viability and functional properties. This study has explored seven different approaches for the immobilization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles on the surface of two different T lymphocyte cell lines. The cell lines used were human Jurkat T cells and CD4+ TEM cells. The latter cells possess blood-brain barrier (BBB) migratory properties and are attractive for the development of cell-based delivery systems to the central nervous system (CNS). PLA nanoparticles were immobilized either via covalent active ester-amine, azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and thiol-maleimide coupling, or via noncovalent approaches that use lectin-carbohydrate, electrostatic, or biotin-NeutrAvidin interactions. The cell surface immobilization of the nanoparticles was monitored with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. By tuning the initial nanoparticle/cell ratio, T cells can be decorated with up to ∼185 nanoparticles/cell as determined by confocal microscopy. The functional properties of the nanoparticle-decorated cells were assessed by evaluating their binding to ICAM-1, a key protein involved in the adhesion of CD4+ TEM cells to the BBB endothelium, as well as in a two-chamber model in vitro BBB migration assay. It was found that the migratory behavior of CD4+ TEM cells carrying carboxylic acid-, biotin-, or Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-functionalized nanoparticles was not affected by the presence of the nanoparticle payload. In contrast, however, for cells decorated with maleimide-functionalized nanoparticles, a reduction in the number of migratory cells compared to the nonmodified control cells was observed. Investigating and understanding the impact of nanoparticle-cell surface conjugation chemistries on the viability and properties of cells is important to further improve the design of cell-based nanoparticle delivery systems. The results of this study present a first step in this direction and provide first guidelines for the surface modification of T cells, in particular in view of their possible use for drug delivery to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Thomsen
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Regina Reissmann
- University of Bern, Theodor Kocher Institute,Freiestrasse 1, CH-3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Kaba
- University of Bern, Theodor Kocher Institute,Freiestrasse 1, CH-3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- University of Bern, Theodor Kocher Institute,Freiestrasse 1, CH-3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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17
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Marginal sealing around integral bilayer scaffolds for repairing osteochondral defects based on photocurable silk hydrogels. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3976-3986. [PMID: 33997487 PMCID: PMC8081879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral repair remains a major challenge in current clinical practice despite significant advances in tissue engineering. In particular, the lateral integration of neocartilage into surrounding native cartilage is a difficult and inadequately addressed problem that determines the success of tissue repair. Here, a novel design of an integral bilayer scaffold combined with a photocurable silk sealant for osteochondral repair is reported. First, we fabricated a bilayer silk scaffold with a cartilage layer resembling native cartilage in surface morphology and mechanical strength and a BMP-2-loaded porous subchondral bone layer that facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Second, a TGF-β3-loaded methacrylated silk fibroin sealant (Sil-MA) exhibiting biocompatibility and good adhesive properties was developed and confirmed to promote chondrocyte migration and differentiation. Importantly, this TGF-β3-loaded Sil-MA hydrogel provided a bridge between the cartilage layer of the scaffold and the surrounding cartilage and then guided new cartilage to grow towards and replace the degraded cartilage layer from the surrounding native cartilage in the early stage of knee repair. Thus, osteochondral regeneration and superior lateral integration were achieved in vivo by using this composite. These results demonstrate that the new approach of marginal sealing around the cartilage layer of bilayer scaffolds with Sil-MA hydrogel has tremendous potential for clinical use in osteochondral regeneration.
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18
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Cruz-Samperio R, Jordan M, Perriman A. Cell augmentation strategies for cardiac stem cell therapies. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:855-866. [PMID: 33660953 PMCID: PMC8133336 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) has been the primary cause of death in developed countries, resulting in a major psychological and financial burden for society. Current treatments for acute MI are directed toward rapid restoration of perfusion to limit damage to the myocardium, rather than promoting tissue regeneration and subsequent contractile function recovery. Regenerative cell therapies (CTs), in particular those using multipotent stem cells (SCs), are in the spotlight for treatment post‐MI. Unfortunately, the efficacy of CTs is somewhat limited by their poor long‐term viability, homing, and engraftment to the myocardium. In response, a range of novel SC‐based technologies are in development to provide additional cellular modalities, bringing CTs a step closer to the clinic. In this review, the current landscape of emerging CTs and their augmentation strategies for the treatment post‐MI are discussed. In doing so, we highlight recent advances in cell membrane reengineering via genetic modifications, recombinant protein immobilization, and the utilization of soft biomimetic scaffold interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Millie Jordan
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Adam Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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19
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Atkins DL, Magana JR, Sproncken CCM, van Hest JCM, Voets IK. Single Enzyme Nanoparticles with Improved Biocatalytic Activity through Protein Entrapment in a Surfactant Shell. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1159-1166. [PMID: 33630590 PMCID: PMC7944482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A polymeric corona
consisting of an alkyl-glycolic acid ethoxylate
(CXEOY) surfactant
offers a promising approach toward endowing proteins with thermotropic
phase behavior and hyperthermal activity. Typically, preparation of
protein–surfactant biohybrids is performed via chemical modification of acidic residues followed by electrostatic
conjugation of an anionic surfactant to encapsulate single proteins.
While this procedure has been applied to a broad range of proteins,
modification of acidic residues may be detrimental to function for
specific enzymes. Herein, we report on the one-pot preparation of
biohybrids via covalent conjugation of surfactants
to accessible lysine residues. We entrap the model enzyme hen egg-white
lysozyme (HEWL) in a shell of carboxyl-functionalized C12EO10 or C12EO22 surfactants. With
fewer surfactants, our covalent biohybrids display similar thermotropic
phase behavior to their electrostatically conjugated analogues. Through
a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering and circular dichroism
spectroscopy, we find that both classes of biohybrids consist of a
folded single-protein core decorated by surfactants. Whilst traditional
biohybrids retain densely packed surfactant coronas, our biohybrids
display a less dense and heterogeneously distributed surfactant coverage
located opposite to the catalytic cleft of HEWL. In solution, this
surfactant coating permits 7- or 3.5-fold improvements in activity
retention for biohybrids containing C12EO10 or
C12EO22, respectively. The reported alternative
pathway for biohybrid preparation offers a new horizon to expand upon
the library of proteins for which functional biohybrid materials can
be prepared. We also expect that an improved understanding of the
distribution of tethered surfactants in the corona will be crucial
for future structure–function investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan L Atkins
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Rodrigo Magana
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian C M Sproncken
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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20
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Thomsen T, Klok HA. Chemical Cell Surface Modification and Analysis of Nanoparticle-Modified Living Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2293-2306. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Thomsen
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Otto IA, Capendale PE, Garcia JP, de Ruijter M, van Doremalen RFM, Castilho M, Lawson T, Grinstaff MW, Breugem CC, Kon M, Levato R, Malda J. Biofabrication of a shape-stable auricular structure for the reconstruction of ear deformities. Mater Today Bio 2021; 9:100094. [PMID: 33665603 PMCID: PMC7903133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioengineering of the human auricle remains a significant challenge, where the complex and unique shape, the generation of high-quality neocartilage, and shape preservation are key factors. Future regenerative medicine–based approaches for auricular cartilage reconstruction will benefit from a smart combination of various strategies. Our approach to fabrication of an ear-shaped construct uses hybrid bioprinting techniques, a recently identified progenitor cell population, previously validated biomaterials, and a smart scaffold design. Specifically, we generated a 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold via fused deposition modeling, photocrosslinked a human auricular cartilage progenitor cell–laden gelatin methacryloyl (gelMA) hydrogel within the scaffold, and cultured the bioengineered structure in vitro in chondrogenic media for 30 days. Our results show that the fabrication process maintains the viability and chondrogenic phenotype of the cells, that the compressive properties of the combined PCL and gelMA hybrid auricular constructs are similar to native auricular cartilage, and that biofabricated hybrid auricular structures exhibit excellent shape fidelity compared with the 3D digital model along with deposition of cartilage-like matrix in both peripheral and central areas of the auricular structure. Our strategy affords an anatomically enhanced auricular structure with appropriate mechanical properties, ensures adequate preservation of the auricular shape during a dynamic in vitro culture period, and enables chondrogenically potent progenitor cells to produce abundant cartilage-like matrix throughout the auricular construct. The combination of smart scaffold design with 3D bioprinting and cartilage progenitor cells holds promise for the development of clinically translatable regenerative medicine strategies for auricular reconstruction. First application of human auricular cartilage progenitor cells for bioprinting. Dual-printing of hybrid ear-shaped constructs with excellent shape fidelity over time. Strategy and design ensured adequate deposition of cartilage-like matrix throughout large auricular constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Otto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P E Capendale
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J P Garcia
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M de Ruijter
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R F M van Doremalen
- Robotics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.,Bureau Science & Innovation, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - M Castilho
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - T Lawson
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - M W Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - C C Breugem
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Kon
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
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22
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Brogan APS. Preparation and application of solvent-free liquid proteins with enhanced thermal and anhydrous stabilities. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective details a robust chemical modification strategy to protect proteins from temperature, aggregation, and non-aqueous environments.
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23
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Xu H, Lee CW, Wang YF, Huang S, Shin LY, Wang YH, Wan Z, Zhu X, Yung PSH, Lee OKS. The Role of Paracrine Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Crosstalk With Macrophages in Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:587052. [PMID: 33324622 PMCID: PMC7726268 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.587052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic change of macrophages (Mφs) plays a crucial role in the musculoskeletal homeostasis and repair process. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown as a novel approach in tissue regeneration, the therapeutic potential of MSCs mediated by the interaction between MSC-derived paracrine mediators and Mφs remains elusive. This review focused on the elucidation of paracrine crosstalk between MSCs and Mφs during musculoskeletal diseases and injury. The search method was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and Cochrane Guidelines. The search strategies included MeSH terms and other related terms of MSC-derived mediators and Mφs. Ten studies formed the basis of this review. The current finding suggested that MSC administration promoted proliferation and activation of CD163+ or CD206+ M2 Mφs in parallel with reduction of proinflammatory cytokines and increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. During such period, Mφs also induced MSCs into a motile and active phenotype via the influence of proinflammatory cytokines. Such crosstalk between Mφs and MSCs further strengthens the effect of paracrine mediators from MSCs to regulate Mφs phenotypic alteration. In conclusion, MSCs in musculoskeletal system, mediated by the interaction between MSC paracrine and Mφs, have therapeutic potential in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Developmental and Regenerative Biology TRP, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Fan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lih-Ying Shin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zihao Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick Shu Hang Yung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Faculty of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Orthopadics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Xiao W, Jakimowicz MD, Zampetakis I, Neely S, Scarpa F, Davis SA, Williams DS, Perriman AW. Biopolymeric Coacervate Microvectors for the Delivery of Functional Proteins to Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000101. [PMID: 33166084 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The extent to which biologic payloads can be effectively delivered to cells is a limiting factor in the development of new therapies. Limitations arise from the lack of pharmacokinetic stability of biologics in vivo. Encapsulating biologics in a protective delivery vector has the potential to improve delivery profile and enhance performance. Coacervate microdroplets are developed as cell-mimetic materials with established potential for the stabilization of biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. Here, the development of biodegradable coacervate microvectors (comprising synthetically modified amylose polymers) is presented, for the delivery of biologic payloads to cells. Amylose-based coacervate microdroplets are stable under physiological conditions (e.g., temperature and ionic strength), are noncytotoxic owing to their biopolymeric structure, spontaneously interacted with the cell membrane, and are able to deliver and release proteinaceous payloads beyond the plasma membrane. In particular, myoglobin, an oxygen storage and antioxidant protein, is successfully delivered into human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) within 24 h. Furthermore, coacervate microvectors are implemented for the delivery of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 growth factor, inducing differentiation of hMSCs into osteoprogenitor cells. This study demonstrates the potential of coacervate microdroplets as delivery microvectors for biomedical research and the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xiao
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Monika D Jakimowicz
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Ioannis Zampetakis
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TF, UK
| | - Sarah Neely
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Fabrizio Scarpa
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TF, UK
| | - Sean A Davis
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - David S Williams
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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25
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Lin D, Cai B, Wang L, Cai L, Wang Z, Xie J, Lv QX, Yuan Y, Liu C, Shen SGF. A viscoelastic PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate)-based bilayer scaffold for cartilage regeneration in full-thickness osteochondral defect. Biomaterials 2020; 253:120095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Lin Y, Wojciechowski JP, Lee-Reeves C, Hachim D, Zhou K, Burdick JA, Stevens MM. Expanding and optimizing 3D bioprinting capabilities using complementary network bioinks. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc5529. [PMID: 32948593 PMCID: PMC7500929 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is the limited number of bioinks that fulfill the physicochemical requirements of printing while also providing a desirable environment for encapsulated cells. Here, we address this limitation by temporarily stabilizing bioinks with a complementary thermo-reversible gelatin network. This strategy enables the effective printing of biomaterials that would typically not meet printing requirements, with instrument parameters and structural output largely independent of the base biomaterial. This approach is demonstrated across a library of photocrosslinkable bioinks derived from natural and synthetic polymers, including gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dextran, alginate, chitosan, heparin, and poly(ethylene glycol). A range of complex and heterogeneous structures are printed, including soft hydrogel constructs supporting the 3D culture of astrocytes. This highly generalizable methodology expands the palette of available bioinks, allowing the biofabrication of constructs optimized to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yiyang Lin
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan P Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Charlotte Lee-Reeves
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daniel Hachim
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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27
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Lim KS, Abinzano F, Nuñez Bernal P, Sanchez AA, Atienza-Roca P, Otto IA, Peiffer QC, Matsusaki M, Woodfield TBF, Malda J, Levato R. One-Step Photoactivation of a Dual-Functionalized Bioink as Cell Carrier and Cartilage-Binding Glue for Chondral Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901792. [PMID: 32324342 PMCID: PMC7116266 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage defects can result in pain, disability, and osteoarthritis. Hydrogels providing a chondroregeneration-permissive environment are often mechanically weak and display poor lateral integration into the surrounding cartilage. This study develops a visible-light responsive gelatin ink with enhanced interactions with the native tissue, and potential for intraoperative bioprinting. A dual-functionalized tyramine and methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA-Tyr) is synthesized. Photo-crosslinking of both groups is triggered in a single photoexposure by cell-compatible visible light in presence of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(II) and sodium persulfate as initiators. Neo-cartilage formation from embedded chondroprogenitor cells is demonstrated in vitro, and the hydrogel is successfully applied as bioink for extrusion-printing. Visible light in situ crosslinking in cartilage defects results in no damage to the surrounding tissue, in contrast to the native chondrocyte death caused by UV light (365-400 nm range), commonly used in biofabrication. Tyramine-binding to proteins in native cartilage leads to a 15-fold increment in the adhesive strength of the bioglue compared to pristine GelMA. Enhanced adhesion is observed also when the ink is extruded as printable filaments into the defect. Visible-light reactive GelMA-Tyr bioinks can act as orthobiologic carriers for in situ cartilage repair, providing a permissive environment for chondrogenesis, and establishing safe lateral integration into chondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoon S. Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE)
Group and Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence (MedTech
CoRE)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Otago Christchurch 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8140, New
Zealand
| | - Florencia Abinzano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Paulina Nuñez Bernal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Ane Albillos Sanchez
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Pau Atienza-Roca
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE)
Group and Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence (MedTech
CoRE)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Otago Christchurch 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8140, New
Zealand
| | - Iris A. Otto
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Quentin C. Peiffer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering
Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tim B. F. Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE)
Group and Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence (MedTech
CoRE)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Otago Christchurch 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8140, New
Zealand
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Utrecht University Yalelaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CL, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Levato Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center
University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 100,
Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Utrecht University Yalelaan 1, Utrecht 3584 CL, The Netherlands
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28
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909009. [PMID: 35677899 PMCID: PMC7612826 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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29
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Shi X, Cheng Q, Zhang Y. Reprogramming extracellular vesicles with engineered proteins. Methods 2020; 177:95-102. [PMID: 31568822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been emerging as a new class of cell-free therapy for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, tissue injuries, and inflammatory diseases. Reprograming native EVs by genetic engineering and other approaches offers an attractive prospect of extending therapeutic capabilities of EVs beyond their natural functions and properties. In this review article, we survey the state-of-the-art methods of EVs engineering and summarize major therapeutic applications of the reprogrammed EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Qinqin Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Research Center for Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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30
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Ma C, Malessa A, Boersma AJ, Liu K, Herrmann A. Supercharged Proteins and Polypeptides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905309. [PMID: 31943419 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions play a vital role in nature. Biomacromolecules such as proteins are orchestrated by electrostatics, among other intermolecular forces, to assemble and organize biochemistry. Natural proteins with a high net charge exist in a folded state or are unstructured and can be an inspiration for scientists to artificially supercharge other protein entities. Recent findings show that supercharging proteins allows for control of their properties such as temperature resistance and catalytic activity. One elegant method to transfer the favorable properties of supercharged proteins to other proteins is the fabrication of fusions. Genetically engineered, supercharged unstructured polypeptides (SUPs) are just one promising fusion tool. SUPs can also be complexed with artificial entities to yield thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals and liquids. These architectures represent novel bulk materials that are sensitive to external stimuli. Interestingly, SUPs undergo fluid-fluid phase separation to form coacervates. These coacervates can even be directly generated in living cells or can be combined with dissipative fiber assemblies that induce life-like features. Supercharged proteins and SUPs are developed into exciting classes of materials. Their synthesis, structures, and properties are summarized. Moreover, potential applications are highlighted and challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Malessa
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arnold J Boersma
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, China
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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31
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Taheem DK, Jell G, Gentleman E. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α in Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2020; 26:105-115. [PMID: 31774026 PMCID: PMC7166133 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Damage to osteochondral (OC) tissues can lead to pain, loss of motility, and progress to osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering approaches offer the possibility of replacing damaged tissues and restoring joint function; however, replicating the spatial and functional heterogeneity of native OC tissue remains a pressing challenge. Chondrocytes in healthy cartilage exist in relatively low-oxygen conditions, while osteoblasts in the underlying bone experience higher oxygen pressures. Such oxygen gradients also exist in the limb bud, where they influence OC tissue development. The cellular response to these spatial variations in oxygen pressure, which is mediated by the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway, plays a central role in regulating osteo- and chondrogenesis by directing progenitor cell differentiation and promoting and maintaining appropriate extracellular matrix production. Understanding the role of the HIF pathway in OC tissue development may enable new approaches to engineer OC tissue. In this review, we discuss strategies to spatially and temporarily regulate the HIF pathway in progenitor cells to create functional OC tissue for regenerative therapies. Impact statement Strategies to engineer osteochondral (OC) tissue are limited by the complex and varying microenvironmental conditions in native bone and cartilage. Indeed, native cartilage experiences low-oxygen conditions, while the underlying bone is relatively normoxic. The cellular response to these low-oxygen conditions, which is mediated through the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway, is known to promote and maintain the chondrocyte phenotype. By using tissue engineering scaffolds to spatially and temporally harness the HIF pathway, it may be possible to improve OC tissue engineering strategies for the regeneration of damaged cartilage and its underlying subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheraj K. Taheem
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Jell
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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32
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Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Using Remote Fields for Complex Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:254-263. [PMID: 31439372 PMCID: PMC7023978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. In this perspective, we highlight ways in which these elements can be manipulated or stimulated using a fourth component: the application of remote fields. This arena has gained great momentum over the last few years, with a recent surge of interest in using magnetic, optical, and acoustic fields to guide the organization of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. We summarize recent developments and trends in this arena and then lay out a series of challenges that we believe, if met, could enable the widespread adoption of remote fields in mainstream tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Zhang WH, Carter BM, Day GJ, Govan N, Jackson C, Perriman AW. Sequential Electrostatic Assembly of a Polymer Surfactant Corona Increases Activity of the Phosphotriesterase arPTE. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2771-2776. [PMID: 31603664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a new methodology for the generation of discrete molecularly dispersed enzyme-polymer-surfactant bioconjugates. Significantly, we demonstrate that >3-fold increase in the catalytic efficiency of the diffusion-limited phosphotriesterase arPTE can be achieved through sequential electrostatic addition of cationic and anionic polymer surfactants, respectively. Here, the polymer surfactants assemble on the surface of the enzyme via ion exchange to yield a compact corona. The observed rate enhancement is consistent with a mechanism whereby the polymer-surfactant corona gives rise to a decrease in the dielectric constant in the vicinity of the active site of the enzyme, accelerating the rate-determining product diffusion step. The facile methodology has significant potential for increasing the efficiency of enzymes and could therefore have a substantially positive impact for industrial enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Zhang
- University of Bristol , School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Bristol BS8 1TD , United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin M Carter
- University of Bristol , School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Bristol BS8 1TD , United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Day
- University of Bristol , School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Bristol BS8 1TD , United Kingdom
| | - Norman Govan
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory , Salisbury SP4 0JQ , United Kingdom
| | - Colin Jackson
- Australian National University , Research School of Chemistry , Canberra ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Adam W Perriman
- University of Bristol , School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Bristol BS8 1TD , United Kingdom
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Abstract
Through the application of the engineering paradigm of ‘design–build–test–learn’ allied to recent advances in DNA sequencing, bioinformatics and, critically, the falling cost of DNA synthesis, Synthetic Biology promises to make existing therapies more accessible and be at the centre of the development of new types of advanced therapies. As existing pharmaceutical companies integrate Synthetic Biology tools into their normal ways of working, existing products are being produced by cheaper and more sustainable methods. Vaccine design and production is becoming driven by the molecular design allied to rapidly scalable production methods to combat the threat of pandemics and the ability of pathogens to escape the immune system by mutation. Advanced therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, are able to capitalise on the tools of Synthetic Biology to design new proteins and molecular ‘kill switches’ as well as design scalable and effective vectors for cellular transduction. This review highlights how Synthetic Biology is having an impact across the various therapeutic modalities from existing products to new therapies.
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Xiao W, Green TIP, Liang X, Delint RC, Perry G, Roberts MS, Le Vay K, Back CR, Ascione R, Wang H, Race PR, Perriman AW. Designer artificial membrane binding proteins to direct stem cells to the myocardium. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7610-7618. [PMID: 31588312 PMCID: PMC6764276 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new cell membrane modification methodology where the inherent heart tissue homing properties of the infectious bacteria Streptococcus gordonii are transferred to human stem cells. This is achieved via the rational design of a chimeric protein-polymer surfactant cell membrane binding construct, comprising the cardiac fibronectin (Fn) binding domain of the bacterial adhesin protein CshA fused to a supercharged protein. Significantly, the protein-polymer surfactant hybrid spontaneously inserts into the plasma membrane of stem cells without cytotoxicity, instilling the cells with a high affinity for immobilized fibronectin. Moreover, we show that this cell membrane reengineering approach significantly improves retention and homing of stem cells delivered either intracardially or intravenously to the myocardium in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xiao
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
| | - Thomas I P Green
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Rosalia Cuahtecontzi Delint
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Guillaume Perry
- Sorbonne Université , Laboratoire d'Electronique et d'Electromagnétisme, L2E , F-75005 , Paris , France
| | - Michael S Roberts
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science , University of South Australia , Adelaide , SA 5001 , Australia
| | - Kristian Le Vay
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Catherine R Back
- School of Biochemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
| | - Raimomdo Ascione
- Translational Biomedical Research Centre and Bristol Heart Institute , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Haolu Wang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Paul R Race
- School of Biochemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
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36
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Deller RC, Richardson T, Richardson R, Bevan L, Zampetakis I, Scarpa F, Perriman AW. Artificial cell membrane binding thrombin constructs drive in situ fibrin hydrogel formation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1887. [PMID: 31015421 PMCID: PMC6478844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09763-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane re-engineering is emerging as a powerful tool for the development of next generation cell therapies, as it allows the user to augment therapeutic cells to provide additional functionalities, such as homing, adhesion or hypoxia resistance. To date, however, there are few examples where the plasma membrane is re-engineered to display active enzymes that promote extracellular matrix protein assembly. Here, we report on a self-contained matrix-forming system where the membrane of human mesenchymal stem cells is modified to display a novel thrombin construct, giving rise to spontaneous fibrin hydrogel nucleation and growth at near human plasma concentrations of fibrinogen. The cell membrane modification process is realised through the synthesis of a membrane-binding supercationic thrombin-polymer surfactant complex. Significantly, the resulting robust cellular fibrin hydrogel constructs can be differentiated down osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, giving rise to self-supporting monoliths that exhibit Young's moduli that reflect their respective extracellular matrix compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Deller
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | - Thomas Richardson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - Rebecca Richardson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Laura Bevan
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ioannis Zampetakis
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Fabrizio Scarpa
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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Davis KA, Wu PJ, Cahall CF, Li C, Gottipati A, Berron BJ. Coatings on mammalian cells: interfacing cells with their environment. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:5. [PMID: 30675178 PMCID: PMC6337841 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The research community is intent on harnessing increasingly complex biological building blocks. At present, cells represent a highly functional component for integration into higher order systems. In this review, we discuss the current application space for cellular coating technologies and emphasize the relationship between the target application and coating design. We also discuss how the cell and the coating interact in common analytical techniques, and where caution must be exercised in the interpretation of results. Finally, we look ahead at emerging application areas that are ideal for innovation in cellular coatings. In all, cellular coatings leverage the machinery unique to specific cell types, and the opportunities derived from these hybrid assemblies have yet to be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A. Davis
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
| | - Pei-Jung Wu
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
| | - Calvin F. Cahall
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
| | - Cong Li
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
| | - Anuhya Gottipati
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046 USA
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38
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Fathollahipour S, Patil PS, Leipzig ND. Oxygen Regulation in Development: Lessons from Embryogenesis towards Tissue Engineering. Cells Tissues Organs 2018; 205:350-371. [PMID: 30273927 PMCID: PMC6397050 DOI: 10.1159/000493162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is a vital source of energy necessary to sustain and complete embryonic development. Not only is oxygen the driving force for many cellular functions and metabolism, but it is also involved in regulating stem cell fate, morphogenesis, and organogenesis. Low oxygen levels are the naturally preferred microenvironment for most processes during early development and mainly drive proliferation. Later on, more oxygen and also nutrients are needed for organogenesis and morphogenesis. Therefore, it is critical to maintain oxygen levels within a narrow range as required during development. Modulating oxygen tensions is performed via oxygen homeostasis mainly through the function of hypoxia-inducible factors. Through the function of these factors, oxygen levels are sensed and regulated in different tissues, starting from their embryonic state to adult development. To be able to mimic this process in a tissue engineering setting, it is important to understand the role and levels of oxygen in each developmental stage, from embryonic stem cell differentiation to organogenesis and morphogenesis. Taking lessons from native tissue microenvironments, researchers have explored approaches to control oxygen tensions such as hemoglobin-based, perfluorocarbon-based, and oxygen-generating biomaterials, within synthetic tissue engineering scaffolds and organoids, with the aim of overcoming insufficient or nonuniform oxygen levels and nutrient supply.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pritam S Patil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Nic D Leipzig
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio,
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Li C, Armstrong JP, Pence IJ, Kit-Anan W, Puetzer JL, Correia Carreira S, Moore AC, Stevens MM. Glycosylated superparamagnetic nanoparticle gradients for osteochondral tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 176:24-33. [PMID: 29852377 PMCID: PMC6018621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In developmental biology, gradients of bioactive signals direct the formation of structural transitions in tissue that are key to physiological function. Failure to reproduce these native features in an in vitro setting can severely limit the success of bioengineered tissue constructs. In this report, we introduce a facile and rapid platform that uses magnetic field alignment of glycosylated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, pre-loaded with growth factors, to pattern biochemical gradients into a range of biomaterial systems. Gradients of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in agarose hydrogels were used to spatially direct the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells and generate robust osteochondral tissue constructs exhibiting a clear mineral transition from bone to cartilage. Interestingly, the smooth gradients in growth factor concentration gave rise to biologically-relevant, emergent structural features, including a tidemark transition demarcating mineralized and non-mineralized tissue and an osteochondral interface rich in hypertrophic chondrocytes. This platform technology offers great versatility and provides an exciting new opportunity for overcoming a range of interfacial tissue engineering challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunching Li
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - James Pk Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Worrapong Kit-Anan
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer L Puetzer
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Correia Carreira
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Axel C Moore
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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40
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Jain M, Vaze RG, Ugrani SC, Sharma KP. Mechanoresponsive and recyclable biocatalytic sponges from enzyme-polymer surfactant conjugates and nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39029-39038. [PMID: 35558336 PMCID: PMC9090619 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of biocatalytic, porous, recyclable, and mechanoresponsive elastic sponge like material is shown from a mixture of core–shell alkaline phosphatase-polymer surfactant bioconjugates and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Rutuja G. Vaze
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Suraj C. Ugrani
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Kamendra P. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
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41
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Hosseini V, Evrova O, Hoerstrup SP, Vogel V. A Simple Modification Method to Obtain Anisotropic and Porous 3D Microfibrillar Scaffolds for Surgical and Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702650. [PMID: 29205905 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In native tissues, cellular organization is predominantly anisotropic. Yet, it remains a challenge to engineer anisotropic scaffolds that promote anisotropic cellular organization at macroscopic length scales. To overcome this challenge, an innovative, cheap and easy method to align clinically approved non-woven surgical microfibrillar scaffolds is presented. The method involves a three-step process of coating, unidirectional stretching of scaffolds after heating them above glass transition temperature, and cooling back to room temperature. Briefly, a polymer coating is applied to a non-woven mesh that results in a partial welding of randomly oriented microfibers at their intersection points. The coated scaffold is then heated above the glass transition temperature of the coating and the scaffold polymer. Subsequently, the coated scaffold is stretched to produce aligned and three dimentional (3D) porous fibrillar scaffolds. In a proof of concept study, a polyglycolic acid (PGA) micro-fibrillar scaffold was coated with poly(4-hydroxybutirate) (P4HB) acid and subsequently aligned. Fibroblasts were cultured in vitro within the scaffold and results showed an increase in cellular alignment along the direction of the PGA fibers. This method can be scaled up easily for industrial production of polymeric meshes or directly applied to small pieces of scaffolds at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Hosseini
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivera Evrova
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, CH-8091, Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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42
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Zhang H, Barralet JE. Mimicking oxygen delivery and waste removal functions of blood. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 122:84-104. [PMID: 28214553 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In addition to immunological and wound healing cell and platelet delivery, ion stasis and nutrient supply, blood delivers oxygen to cells and tissues and removes metabolic wastes. For decades researchers have been trying to develop approaches that mimic these two immediately vital functions of blood. Oxygen is crucial for the long-term survival of tissues and cells in vertebrates. Hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) and even at times anoxia (absence of oxygen) can occur during organ preservation, organ and cell transplantation, wound healing, in tumors and engineering of tissues. Different approaches have been developed to deliver oxygen to tissues and cells, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), normobaric hyperoxia therapy (NBOT), using biochemical reactions and electrolysis, employing liquids with high oxygen solubility, administering hemoglobin, myoglobin and red blood cells (RBCs), introducing oxygen-generating agents, using oxygen-carrying microparticles, persufflation, and peritoneal oxygenation. Metabolic waste accumulation is another issue in biological systems when blood flow is insufficient. Metabolic wastes change the microenvironment of cells and tissues, influence the metabolic activities of cells, and ultimately cause cell death. This review examines advances in blood mimicking systems in the field of biomedical engineering in terms of oxygen delivery and metabolic waste removal.
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43
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Wang H, Thorling CA, Xu ZP, Crawford DHG, Liang X, Liu X, Roberts MS. Visualization and Modeling of the In Vivo Distribution of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 43:2B.8.1-2B.8.17. [PMID: 29140565 DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This unit describes a protocol for elucidating the in vivo disposition of administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Specifically, direct visualization of donor cell spatiotemporal distribution and assessment of donor cell quantity in recipient organs are described. Protocols for data analysis are suggested, with the goal of developing a model to characterize and predict the physiological kinetics of administered MSCs. The use of this model is described, suggesting that it can be applied to abnormal conditions and has potential interspecies and inter-route predictive capability. These universal methods can be employed, regardless of the type of stem cell or disease, to guide future experiments and design treatment protocols. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolu Wang
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Camilla A Thorling
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Darrell H G Crawford
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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44
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Deller RC, Carter BM, Zampetakis I, Scarpa F, Perriman AW. The effect of surface charge on the thermal stability and ice recrystallization inhibition activity of antifreeze protein III (AFP III). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1055-1060. [PMID: 29137985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of chemical cationization on the structure and function of antifreeze protein III (AFP III) over an extreme temperature range (-40°C to +90°C) using far-UV synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) and ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) assays. Chemical cationization was able to produce a modified AFP III with a net cationic charge at physiological pH that had enhanced resistance to denaturation at elevated temperatures, with no immediate negative impact on protein structure at subzero temperatures. Furthermore, cationized AFP III retained an IRI activity similar to that of native AFP III. Consequently, chemical cationization may provide a pathway to the development of more robust antifreeze proteins as supplementary cryoprotectants in the cryopreservation of clinically relevant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Deller
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - B M Carter
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - I Zampetakis
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK; Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - F Scarpa
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - A W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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45
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Querido W, Falcon JM, Kandel S, Pleshko N. Vibrational spectroscopy and imaging: applications for tissue engineering. Analyst 2017; 142:4005-4017. [PMID: 28956032 PMCID: PMC5653442 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) approaches strive to regenerate or replace an organ or tissue. The successful development and subsequent integration of a TE construct is contingent on a series of in vitro and in vivo events that result in an optimal construct for implantation. Current widely used methods for evaluation of constructs are incapable of providing an accurate compositional assessment without destruction of the construct. In this review, we discuss the contributions of vibrational spectroscopic assessment for evaluation of tissue engineered construct composition, both during development and post-implantation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the mid and near-infrared range, as well as Raman spectroscopy, are intrinsically label free, can be non-destructive, and provide specific information on the chemical composition of tissues. Overall, we examine the contribution that vibrational spectroscopy via fiber optics and imaging have to tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Querido
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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46
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Zhang Y, Guo W, Wang M, Hao C, Lu L, Gao S, Zhang X, Li X, Chen M, Li P, Jiang P, Lu S, Liu S, Guo Q. Co-culture systems-based strategies for articular cartilage tissue engineering. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1940-1951. [PMID: 28548713 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage engineering facilitates repair and regeneration of damaged cartilage using engineered tissue that restores the functional properties of the impaired joint. The seed cells used most frequently in tissue engineering, are chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Seed cells activity plays a key role in the regeneration of functional cartilage tissue. However, seed cells undergo undesirable changes after in vitro processing procedures, such as degeneration of cartilage cells and induced hypertrophy of mesenchymal stem cells, which hinder cartilage tissue engineering. Compared to monoculture, which does not mimic the in vivo cellular environment, co-culture technology provides a more realistic microenvironment in terms of various physical, chemical, and biological factors. Co-culture technology is used in cartilage tissue engineering to overcome obstacles related to the degeneration of seed cells, and shows promise for cartilage regeneration and repair. In this review, we focus first on existing co-culture systems for cartilage tissue engineering and related fields, and discuss the conditions and mechanisms thereof. This is followed by methods for optimizing seed cell co-culture conditions to generate functional neo-cartilage tissue, which will lead to a new era in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiang Hao
- Institute of Anesthesia, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Lu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Shanxi Traditional Chinese, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Medicine, Naikai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxue Chen
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Penghao Li
- School of Medicine, Naikai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibi Lu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Baekgaard-Laursen M, Städler B. Small Subcompartmentalized Microreactors as Support for Hepatocytes. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27901316 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking specific structural or functional aspects of cells is considered a promising approach to substitute for missing or lost cellular functions. However, the interaction of such artificial assemblies with their biological counterparts including the exploitation of the activity of the synthetic partner remains thus-far a rather unexplored avenue. Herein, the assembly of active microreactors with similar size to hepatocytes is reported. These microreactors are successfully cocultured with hepatocytes into bionic tissue for up to 10 d. Further, microreactors loaded with the liver enzyme catalase are effective in alleviating external pressure, induced by the addition of hydrogen peroxide, from such bionic tissue in an attempt to mimic the detoxification ability of hepatocytes. Taken together, the findings open up a different route in combining synthetic and biological entities for tissue engineering by using the former partner not only as structural support, but also to induce beneficial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | | | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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48
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Graham AD, Olof SN, Burke MJ, Armstrong JPK, Mikhailova EA, Nicholson JG, Box SJ, Szele FG, Perriman AW, Bayley H. High-Resolution Patterned Cellular Constructs by Droplet-Based 3D Printing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7004. [PMID: 28765636 PMCID: PMC5539110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging technique for the fabrication of living tissues that allows cells to be arranged in predetermined three-dimensional (3D) architectures. However, to date, there are limited examples of bioprinted constructs containing multiple cell types patterned at high-resolution. Here we present a low-cost process that employs 3D printing of aqueous droplets containing mammalian cells to produce robust, patterned constructs in oil, which were reproducibly transferred to culture medium. Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and ovine mesenchymal stem cells (oMSCs) were printed at tissue-relevant densities (107 cells mL-1) and a high droplet resolution of 1 nL. High-resolution 3D geometries were printed with features of ≤200 μm; these included an arborised cell junction, a diagonal-plane junction and an osteochondral interface. The printed cells showed high viability (90% on average) and HEK cells within the printed structures were shown to proliferate under culture conditions. Significantly, a five-week tissue engineering study demonstrated that printed oMSCs could be differentiated down the chondrogenic lineage to generate cartilage-like structures containing type II collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam N Olof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Madeline J Burke
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - James G Nicholson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Stuart J Box
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hagan Bayley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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49
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Anderson DE, Markway BD, Weekes KJ, McCarthy HE, Johnstone B. Physioxia Promotes the Articular Chondrocyte-Like Phenotype in Human Chondroprogenitor-Derived Self-Organized Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:264-274. [PMID: 28474537 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomaterial-based tissue engineering has not successfully reproduced the structural architecture or functional mechanical properties of native articular cartilage. In scaffold-free tissue engineering systems, cells secrete and organize the entire extracellular matrix over time in response to environmental signals such as oxygen level. In this study, we investigated the effect of oxygen on the formation of neocartilage from human-derived chondrogenic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articular chondrocytes (ACs) and articular cartilage progenitor cells (ACPs) derived from healthy human adults were guided toward cell condensation by centrifugation onto plate inserts that were uncoated or coated with either agarose or fibronectin. Neocartilage discs were cultured at hyperoxic (20%) or physioxic (5%) oxygen levels, and biochemical, biomechanical, and molecular analyses were used to compare the cartilage produced by ACs versus ACPs. RESULTS Fibronectin-coated inserts proved optimal for growing cartilaginous discs from both cell types. In comparison with culture in hyperoxia, AC neocartilage cultured at physioxia exhibited a significant increase in chondrogenic gene expression, proteoglycan production, and mechanical properties with a concomitant decrease in collagen content. At both oxygen levels, ACP-derived neocartilage produced tissue with significantly enhanced mechanical properties and collagen content relative to AC-derived neocartilage. Both ACs and ACPs produced substantial collagen II and reduced levels of collagens I and X in physioxia relative to hyperoxia. Neocartilage from ACPs exhibited anisotropic organization characteristic of native cartilage with respect to collagen VI of the pericellular matrix when compared with AC-derived neocartilage; however, only ACs produced abundant surface-localized lubricin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Guiding human-derived cells toward condensation and subsequent culture in physioxia promoted the articular cartilage tissue phenotype for ACs and ACPs. Unlike ACs, ACPs are clonable and highly expandable while retaining chondrogenicity. The ability to generate large tissues utilizing a scaffold-free approach from a single autologous progenitor cell may represent a promising source of neocartilage destined for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon E Anderson
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Brandon D Markway
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Kenneth J Weekes
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Helen E McCarthy
- 2 School of Biosciences, Cardiff University , Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Johnstone
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
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50
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The fabrication of biomimetic biphasic CAN-PAC hydrogel with a seamless interfacial layer applied in osteochondral defect repair. Bone Res 2017; 5:17018. [PMID: 28698817 PMCID: PMC5496380 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering based on biomimetic scaffolds has become a rapidly developing strategy for repairing cartilage defects. In this study, a biphasic CAN-PAC hydrogel for osteochondral defect (OCD) regeneration was fabricated based on the density difference between the two layers via a thermally reactive, rapid cross-linking method. The upper hydrogel was cross-linked by CSMA and NIPAm, and the lower hydrogel was composed of PECDA, AAm and PEGDA. The interface between the two layers was first grafted by the physical cross-linking of calcium gluconate and alginate, followed by the chemical cross-linking of the carbon-carbon double bonds in the other components. The pore sizes of the upper and lower hydrogels were ~187.4 and ~112.6 μm, respectively. The moduli of the upper and lower hydrogels were ~0.065 and ~0.261 MPa. This prepared bilayer hydrogel exhibited the characteristics of mimetic composition, mimetic structure and mimetic stiffness, which provided a microenvironment for sustaining cell attachment and viability. Meanwhile, the biodegradability and biocompatibility of the CAN-PAC hydrogel were examined in vivo. Furthermore, an osteochondral defect model was developed in rabbits, and the bilayer hydrogels were implanted into the defect. The regenerated tissues in the bilayer hydrogel group exhibited new translucent cartilage and repaired subchondral bone, indicating that the hydrogel can enhance the repair of osteochondral defects.
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