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Liu Z, Li S, Anantha P, Thanakornsombut T, Wu L, Chen J, Tsuchiya R, Tripathi AK, Chen Y, Barman I. Plasmodium sporozoite shows distinct motility patterns in responses to three-dimensional environments. iScience 2024; 27:110463. [PMID: 39129829 PMCID: PMC11315120 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
During malaria infection, Plasmodium sporozoites, the fast-moving stage of the parasite, are injected by a mosquito into the skin of the mammalian host. In the skin, sporozoites need to migrate through the dermal tissue to enter the blood vessel. Sporozoite motility is critical for infection but not well understood. Here, we used collagen hydrogels with tunable fiber structures, as an in vitro model for the skin. After injecting sporozoites into the hydrogel, we analyzed their motility in three-dimension (3D). We found that sporozoites demonstrated chiral motility, in that they mostly follow right-handed helical trajectories. In high-concentration collagen gel, sporozoites have lower instantaneous speed, but exhibit straighter tracks compared to low-concentration collagen gel, which leads to longer net displacement and faster dissemination. Taken together, our study indicates an inner mechanism for sporozoites to adapt to the environment, which could help with their successful exit from the skin tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Songman Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pooja Anantha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lintong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryohma Tsuchiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhai K. Tripathi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Saporito S, Panzetta V, Netti PA. Time and Space Modulation of Substrate Curvature to Regulate Cell Mechanical Identity. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00451-3. [PMID: 39127326 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently, a variety of microenvironmental biophysical stimuli have been proved to play a crucial role in regulating cell functions. Among them, morpho-physical cues, like curvature, are emerging as key regulators of cellular behavior. Changes in substrate curvature have been shown to impact the arrangement of Focal Adhesions (FAs), influencing the direction and intensity of cytoskeleton generated forces and resulting in an overall alteration of cell mechanical identity. In their native environment, cells encounter varying degrees of substrate curvature, and in specific organs, they are exposed to dynamic changes of curvature due to periodic tissue deformation. However, the mechanism by which cells perceive substrate curvature remains poorly understood. To this aim, a micro-pneumatic device was designed and implemented. This device enables the controlled application of substrate curvature, both statically and dynamically. Employing a combined experimental and simulative approach, human adipose-derived stem cells were exposed to controlled curvature intensity and frequency. During this exposure, measurements were taken on FAs extension and orientation, cytoskeleton organization and cellular/nuclear alignment. The data clearly indicated a significant influence of the substrate curvature on cell adhesion processes. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms through which cells perceive and respond to substrate curvature signals. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work is our contribution to the comprehension of substrate curvature's function as a crucial regulator of cell adhesion at the scale of focal adhesions and cell mechanical identity. In recent years, a large body of knowledge is continuously growing providing comprehension of the role of various microenvironmental biophysical stimuli in regulating cell functions. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of substrate curvature, in particular, when cells are exposed to this stimulus in a dynamic manner. To address the role of substrate curvature on cellular behavior, a micro-pneumatic device was designed and implemented. This device enables the controlled application of substrate curvature, both statically and dynamically. The experiment data made it abundantly evident that the substrate curvature had a major impact on the mechanisms involved in cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Saporito
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Italy; Interdisciplinary research Center on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Italy; Interdisciplinary research Center on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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3
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Buonvino S, Di Giuseppe D, Filippi J, Martinelli E, Seliktar D, Melino S. 3D Cell Migration Chip (3DCM-Chip): A New Tool toward the Modeling of 3D Cellular Complex Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400040. [PMID: 38739022 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
3D hydrogel-based cell cultures provide models for studying cell behavior and can efficiently replicate the physiologic environment. Hydrogels can be tailored to mimic mechanical and biochemical properties of specific tissues and allow to produce gel-in-gel models. In this system, microspheres encapsulating cells are embedded in an outer hydrogel matrix, where cells are able to migrate. To enhance the efficiency of such studies, a lab-on-a-chip named 3D cell migration-chip (3DCM-chip) is designed, which offers substantial advantages over traditional methods. 3DCM-chip facilitates the analysis of biochemical and physical stimuli effects on cell migration/invasion in different cell types, including stem, normal, and tumor cells. 3DCM-chip provides a smart platform for developing more complex cell co-cultures systems. Herein the impact of human fibroblasts on MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells' invasiveness is investigated. Moreover, how the presence of different cellular lines, including mesenchymal stem cells, normal human dermal fibroblasts, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, affects the invasive behavior of cancer cells is investigated using 3DCM-chip. Therefore, predictive tumoroid models with a more complex network of interactions between cells and microenvironment are here produced. 3DCM-chip moves closer to the creation of in vitro systems that can potentially replicate key aspects of the physiological tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Buonvino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Davide Di Giuseppe
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Joanna Filippi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Eugenio Martinelli
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, 00133, Italy
- NAST Center- University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della ricerca scientifica, Rome, 00133, Italy
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4
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Yin H, Wang L, Hur SJ, Liu Y, Cong P, Liu H, Jiang X, Zheng H, Xue C. Cell-Cultured Fish Meat via Scale-Up Expansion of Carassius auratus Skeletal Muscle Cells Using Edible Porous Microcarriers and Quality Evaluation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16475-16483. [PMID: 38987705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Emerging technologies for cell-cultured fish meat as an environmentally friendly protein source for humans still have many obstacles, including large-scale production of high-quality cells, differentiation and bioassembly of cellular material, and improvement of the quality of meat products. Here, we used edible porous microcarriers as scaffolds to support scalable skeletal muscle cell expansion to prepare centimeter-scale cell-cultured fish (CCM) of Carassius auratus for the first time. The quality of CCM was assessed by analyzing the texture, nutrition, flavor, and safety. The results indicated that CCM demonstrated a softer texture than natural fish due to a high moisture content. CCM contained higher protein and lower fat contents, with no significant difference in energy from natural golden crucian carp meat (NGM). CCM had better digestible properties, and 17 volatile components were identified in CCM, ten cocontained compared to NGM. ELISA quantified penicillin, streptomycin, vitamin D, and insulin residues as risk factors in CCM. In conclusion, we utilized edible porous microcarriers to scale-up the expansion of Carassius auratus skeletal muscle cells and bioassembled high-quality CCM of Carassius auratus for the first time, which represents a state-of-the-art protocol applicable to different fish species and even to other economic animals and provides a theoretical basis for scaling up cell-cultured meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Peixu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
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5
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Blázquez-Carmona P, Ruiz-Mateos R, Barrasa-Fano J, Shapeti A, Martín-Alfonso JE, Domínguez J, Van Oosterwyck H, Reina-Romo E, Sanz-Herrera JA. Quantitative atlas of collagen hydrogels reveals mesenchymal cancer cell traction adaptation to the matrix nanoarchitecture. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00364-7. [PMID: 38992411 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Collagen-based hydrogels are commonly used in mechanobiology to mimic the extracellular matrix. A quantitative analysis of the influence of collagen concentration and properties on the structure and mechanics of the hydrogels is essential for tailored design adjustments for specific in vitro conditions. We combined focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and rheology to provide a detailed quantitative atlas of the mechanical and nanoscale three-dimensional structural alterations that occur when manipulating different hydrogel's physicochemistry. Moreover, we study the effects of such alterations on the phenotype of breast cancer cells and their mechanical interactions with the extracellular matrix. Regardless of the microenvironment's pore size, porosity or mechanical properties, cancer cells are able to reach a stable mesenchymal-like morphology. Additionally, employing 3D traction force microscopy, a positive correlation between cellular tractions and ECM mechanics is observed up to a critical threshold, beyond which tractions plateau. This suggests that cancer cells in a stable mesenchymal state calibrate their mechanical interactions with the ECM to keep their migration and invasiveness capacities unaltered. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The paper presents a thorough study on the mechanical microenvironment in breast cancer cells during their interaction with collagen based hydrogels of different compositions. The hydrogels' microstructure were obtained using state-of-the-art 3D microscopy, namely focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM). FIB-SEM was originally applied in this work to reconstruct complex fibered collagen microstructures within the nanometer range, to obtain key microarchitectural parameters. The mechanical microenvironment of cells was recovered using Traction Force Microscopy (TFM). The obtained results suggest that cells calibrate tractions such that they depend on mechanical, microstructural and physicochemical characteristics of the hydrogels, hence revealing a steric hindrance. We hypothesize that cancer cells studied in this paper tune their mechanical state to keep their migration and invasiveness capacities unaltered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Blázquez-Carmona
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla. Avenida Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS). C. Antonio Maura Montaner, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raquel Ruiz-Mateos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla. Avenida Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS). C. Antonio Maura Montaner, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jorge Barrasa-Fano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300. B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Apeksha Shapeti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300. B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - José Enrique Martín-Alfonso
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva. Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Jaime Domínguez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla. Avenida Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS). C. Antonio Maura Montaner, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300. B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Esther Reina-Romo
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla. Avenida Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS). C. Antonio Maura Montaner, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sanz-Herrera
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla. Avenida Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS). C. Antonio Maura Montaner, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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6
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Vena MP, van Hazendonk LS, van Zyl W, Tuinier R, Friedrich H. A Systems Approach to Study Collagen Type I Self-Assembly: Kinetics and Morphology. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301171. [PMID: 38229526 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Collagen type I, the main component of the extracellular matrix in vertebrates, is widely used in tissue engineering applications. This is on account that collagen molecules can self-assemble under certain conditions into 3D fibrillar hydrogels. Although there is an extensive body of literature studying collagen self-assembly, there is a lack of systematic understanding on how different experimental factors, such as pH and temperature, and their cumulative effects guide the self-assembly process. In this work, a comprehensive workflow to study the interactive effects of several assembly parameters on the collagen self-assembly process is implemented. This workflow consists of: 1) efficient statistical sampling based on Design of Experiments, 2) high-throughput and automated data collection and 3) automated data analysis. This approach enables to screen several parameters simultaneously and derive a set of mathematical equations that link parameters with the kinetics and morphological aspects of collagen self-assembly, and can be used to design collagen constructs with predefined characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Vena
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Laura S van Hazendonk
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Zyl
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Zwaanstraat 31G/H, Building TR, Eindhoven, 5651 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Tuinier
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Heiner Friedrich
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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7
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Goren S, Ergaz B, Barak D, Sorkin R, Lesman A. Micro-tensile rheology of fibrous gels quantifies strain-dependent anisotropy. Acta Biomater 2024; 181:272-281. [PMID: 38685460 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Semiflexible fiber gels such as collagen and fibrin have unique nonlinear mechanical properties that play an important role in tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and cancer metastasis. Optical tweezers microrheology has greatly contributed to the understanding of the mechanics of fibrous gels at the microscale, including its heterogeneity and anisotropy. However, the explicit relationship between micromechanical properties and gel deformation has been largely overlooked. We introduce a unique gel-stretching apparatus and employ it to study the relationship between microscale strain and stiffening in fibrin and collagen gels, focusing on the development of anisotropy in the gel. We find that gels stretched by as much as 15 % stiffen significantly both in parallel and perpendicular to the stretching axis, and that the parallel axis is 2-3 times stiffer than the transverse axis. We also measure the stiffening and anisotropy along bands of aligned fibers created by aggregates of cancer cells, and find similar effects as in gels stretched with the tensile apparatus. Our results illustrate that the extracellular microenvironment is highly sensitive to deformation, with implications for tissue homeostasis and pathology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The inherent fibrous architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) gives rise to unique strain-stiffening mechanics. The micromechanics of fibrous networks has been studied extensively, but the deformations involved in its stiffening at the microscale were not quantified. Here we introduce an apparatus that enables measuring the deformations in the gel as it is being stretched while simultaneously using optical tweezers to measure its microscale anisotropic stiffness. We reveal that fibrin and collagen both stiffen dramatically already at ∼10 % deformation, accompanied by the emergence of significant, yet moderate anisotropy. We measure similar stiffening and anisotropy in the matrix remodeled by the tensile apparatus to those found between cancer cell aggregates. Our results emphasize that small strains are enough to introduce substantial stiffening and anisotropy. These have been shown to result in directional cell migration and enhanced force propagation, and possibly control processes like morphogenesis and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Goren
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel; School of Mechanical Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Bar Ergaz
- School of Mechanical Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Daniel Barak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Raya Sorkin
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Ayelet Lesman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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8
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Roth DM, Piña JO, Raju R, Iben J, Faucz FR, Makareeva E, Leikin S, Graf D, D'Souza RN. Tendon-associated gene expression precedes osteogenesis in mid-palatal suture establishment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.590129. [PMID: 38798531 PMCID: PMC11118303 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.590129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Orthodontic maxillary expansion relies on intrinsic mid-palatal suture mechanobiology to induce guided osteogenesis, yet establishment of the mid-palatal suture within the continuous secondary palate and causes of maxillary insufficiency remain poorly understood. In contrast, advances in cranial suture research hold promise to improve surgical repair of prematurely fused cranial sutures in craniosynostosis to potentially restore the obliterated signaling environment and ensure continual success of the intervention. We hypothesized that mid-palatal suture establishment is governed by shared principles with calvarial sutures and involves functional linkage between expanding primary ossification centres with the midline mesenchyme. We characterized establishment of the mid-palatal suture from late embryonic to early postnatal timepoints. Suture establishment was visualized using histological techniques and multimodal transcriptomics. We identified that mid-palatal suture formation depends on a spatiotemporally controlled signalling milieu in which tendon-associated genes play a significant role. We mapped relationships between extracellular matrix-encoding gene expression, tenocyte markers, and novel suture patency candidate genes. We identified similar expression patterns in FaceBase-deposited scRNA-seq datasets from cranial sutures. These findings demonstrate shared biological principles for suture establishment, providing further avenues for future development and understanding of maxillofacial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Roth
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Graf
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Liu M, Wu A, Liu J, Zhao Y, Dong X, Sun T, Shi Q, Wang H. TPP-Based Microfluidic Chip Design and Fabrication Method for Optimized Nerve Cells Directed Growth. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2024; 5:0095. [PMID: 38725973 PMCID: PMC11079595 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic chips offer high customizability and excellent biocompatibility, holding important promise for the precise control of biological growth at the microscale. However, the microfluidic chips employed in the studies of regulating cell growth are typically fabricated through 2D photolithography. This approach partially restricts the diversity of cell growth platform designs and manufacturing efficiency. This paper presents a method for designing and manufacturing neural cell culture microfluidic chips (NCMC) using two-photon polymerization (TPP), where the discrete and directional cell growth is optimized through studying the associated geometric parameters of on-chip microchannels. This study involves simulations and discussions regarding the effects of different hatching distances on the mold surface topography and printing time in the Describe print preview module, which determines the appropriate printing accuracy corresponding to the desired mold structure. With the assistance of the 3D maskless lithography system, micron-level rapid printing of target molds with different dimensions were achieved. For NCMC with different geometric parameters, COMSOL software was used to simulate the local flow velocity and shear stress characteristics within the microchannels. SH-SY5Y cells were selected for directional differentiation experiments on NCMC with different geometric parameters. The results demonstrate that the TPP-based manufacturing method efficiently constructs neural microfluidic chips with high precision, optimizing the discrete and directional cell growth. We anticipate that our method for designing and manufacturing NCMC will hold great promise in construction and application of microscale 3D drug models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Liu
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Anping Wu
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhao
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinyi Dong
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Medical Technology,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
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10
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Kowalczuk K, Dasgupta A, Páez Larios F, Ulrich HF, Wegner V, Brendel JC, Eggeling C, Mosig AS, Schacher FH. Self-Degrading Multifunctional PEG-Based Hydrogels-Tailormade Substrates for Cell Culture. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300383. [PMID: 38102978 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of PEG-based hydrogels as cell culture matrix to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) has been realized using a range of well-defined, tunable, and dynamic scaffolds, although they require cell adhesion ligands such as RGDS-peptide (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) to promote cell adhesion. Herein the synthesis of ionic and degradable hydrogels is demonstrated for cell culture by crosslinking [PEG-SH]4 with the zwitterionic crosslinker N,N-bis(acryloxyethyl)-N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium betaine (BMSAB) and the cationic crosslinker N,N-bis(acryloxyethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1-ammonium iodide (BDMAI). Depending on the amount of ionic crosslinker used in gel formation, the hydrogels show tunable gelation time and stiffness. At the same time, the ionic groups act as catalysts for hydrolytic degradation, thereby allowing to define a stability window. The latter could be tailored in a straightforward manner by introducing the non-degradable crosslinker tri(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether. In addition, both ionic crosslinkers favor cell attachment in comparison to the pristine PEG hydrogels. The degradation is examined by swelling behavior, rheology, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy indicating degradation kinetics depending on diffusion of incorporated fluorescent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Kowalczuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Grüne Aue, D-07754, Jena, Germany
| | - Anindita Dasgupta
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Francisco Páez Larios
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hans F Ulrich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Valentin Wegner
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Am Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Grüne Aue, D-07754, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Grüne Aue, D-07754, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Am Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Grüne Aue, D-07754, Jena, Germany
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11
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Han S, Lee G, Kim D, Kim J, Kim I, Kim H, Kim D. Selective Suppression of Integrin-Ligand Binding by Single Molecular Tension Probes Mediates Directional Cell Migration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306497. [PMID: 38311584 PMCID: PMC11005741 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Cell migration interacting with continuously changing microenvironment, is one of the most essential cellular functions, participating in embryonic development, wound repair, immune response, and cancer metastasis. The migration process is finely tuned by integrin-mediated binding to ligand molecules. Although numerous biochemical pathways orchestrating cell adhesion and motility are identified, how subcellular forces between the cell and extracellular matrix regulate intracellular signaling for cell migration remains unclear. Here, it is showed that a molecular binding force across integrin subunits determines directional migration by regulating tension-dependent focal contact formation and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation. Molecular binding strength between integrin αvβ3 and fibronectin is precisely manipulated by developing molecular tension probes that control the mechanical tolerance applied to cell-substrate interfaces. This data reveals that integrin-mediated molecular binding force reduction suppresses cell spreading and focal adhesion formation, attenuating the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation that regulates the persistence of cell migration. These results further demonstrate that manipulating subcellular binding forces at the molecular level can recapitulate differential cell migration in response to changes of substrate rigidity that determines the physical condition of extracellular microenvironment. Novel insights is provided into the subcellular mechanics behind global mechanical adaptation of the cell to surrounding tissue environments featuring distinct biophysical signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong‐Beom Han
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhui Lee
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Daesan Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Ki Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - In‐San Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research CenterKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
| | - Hae‐Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN)Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science in College of Dentistry & Department of Nanobiomedical Science in Graduate SchoolDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Hwee Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research CenterKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
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12
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Li C, Ge J, Guo Q, Wang J, Wu J, Yan Z, Špitalský Z, Liu Y. Polyvinyl alcohol/collagen composite scaffold reinforced with biodegradable polyesters/gelatin nanofibers for adipose tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130237. [PMID: 38368980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most diagnosed cancer type, endangering the health of women. Patients with breast resection are likely to suffer serious physical and mental trauma. Therefore, breast reconstruction becomes an important means of postoperative patient rehabilitation. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has great potential in adipose tissue engineering for breast reconstruction. However, its application is limited because of the lack of bioactive factors and poor structural stability. In this study, we prepared biodegradable polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/polycaprolactone/gelatin (PPG) nanofibers. We then combined them with polyvinyl alcohol/collagen to create tissue engineering scaffolds to overcome limitations. We found that PPG fibers formed amide bonds with polyvinyl alcohol/collagen scaffolds. After chemical crosslinking, the number of amide bonds increased, leading to a significant improvement in their mechanical properties and thermal stability. The results showed that compared with pure PVA scaffolds, the maximum compressive stress of the scaffold doped with 0.9 g nanofibers increased by 500 %, and the stress loss rate decreased by 40.6 % after 10 cycles of compression. The presence of natural macromolecular gelatin and the changes in the pore structure caused by nanofibers provide cells with richer and more three-dimensional adsorption sites, allowing them to grow in three dimensions on the scaffold. So, the hydrogel scaffold by reinforcing polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel with PPG fibers is a promising breast reconstruction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zineng Yan
- Institute of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zdenko Špitalský
- Polymer Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 41, Slovakia
| | - Yong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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13
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Chandler T, Guo M, Su Y, Chen J, Wu Y, Liu J, Agashe A, Fischer RS, Mehta SB, Kumar A, Baskin TI, Jamouillé V, Liu H, Swaminathan V, Nain A, Oldenbourg R, Riviére PL, Shroff H. Three-dimensional spatio-angular fluorescence microscopy with a polarized dual-view inverted selective-plane illumination microscope (pol-diSPIM). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.09.584243. [PMID: 38712306 PMCID: PMC11071302 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.09.584243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Polarized fluorescence microscopy is a valuable tool for measuring molecular orientations, but techniques for recovering three-dimensional orientations and positions of fluorescent ensembles are limited. We report a polarized dual-view light-sheet system for determining the three-dimensional orientations and diffraction-limited positions of ensembles of fluorescent dipoles that label biological structures, and we share a set of visualization, histogram, and profiling tools for interpreting these positions and orientations. We model our samples, their excitation, and their detection using coarse-grained representations we call orientation distribution functions (ODFs). We apply ODFs to create physics-informed models of image formation with spatio-angular point-spread and transfer functions. We use theory and experiment to conclude that light-sheet tilting is a necessary part of our design for recovering all three-dimensional orientations. We use our system to extend known two-dimensional results to three dimensions in FM1-43-labelled giant unilamellar vesicles, fast-scarlet-labelled cellulose in xylem cells, and phalloidin-labelled actin in U2OS cells. Additionally, we observe phalloidin-labelled actin in mouse fibroblasts grown on grids of labelled nanowires and identify correlations between local actin alignment and global cell-scale orientation, indicating cellular coordination across length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talon Chandler
- CZ Biohub SF, San Francisco, 94158, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Yijun Su
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, 20147, Virginia, USA
| | - Jiji Chen
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Yicong Wu
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Junyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Atharva Agashe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 24061, Virginia, USA
| | - Robert S. Fischer
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Shalin B. Mehta
- CZ Biohub SF, San Francisco, 94158, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
- Bell Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Bell Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobias I. Baskin
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 01003, Maryland, USA
- Whitman Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valentin Jamouillé
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Huafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Vinay Swaminathan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SE-221 00, Scania, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, SE-221 00, Scania, Sweden
| | - Amrinder Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 24061, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 24061, Virginia, USA
| | - Rudolf Oldenbourg
- Bell Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick La Riviére
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA
- Whitman Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hari Shroff
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, 20147, Virginia, USA
- Whitman Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Cao R, Tian H, Tian Y, Fu X. A Hierarchical Mechanotransduction System: From Macro to Micro. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302327. [PMID: 38145330 PMCID: PMC10953595 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is a strictly regulated process whereby mechanical stimuli, including mechanical forces and properties, are sensed and translated into biochemical signals. Increasing data demonstrate that mechanotransduction is crucial for regulating macroscopic and microscopic dynamics and functionalities. However, the actions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction across multiple hierarchies, from molecules, subcellular structures, cells, tissues/organs, to the whole-body level, have not been yet comprehensively documented. Herein, the biological roles and operational mechanisms of mechanotransduction from macro to micro are revisited, with a focus on the orchestrations across diverse hierarchies. The implications, applications, and challenges of mechanotransduction in human diseases are also summarized and discussed. Together, this knowledge from a hierarchical perspective has the potential to refresh insights into mechanotransduction regulation and disease pathogenesis and therapy, and ultimately revolutionize the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
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15
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Solomatina ES, Kovaleva AV, Tvorogova AV, Vorobjev IA, Saidova AA. Effect of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Vinculin Expression on Migration Parameters of Normal and Tumor Epitheliocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:474-486. [PMID: 38648767 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) are mechanosensory structures that transform physical stimuli into chemical signals guiding cell migration. Comprehensive studies postulate correlation between the FA parameters and cell motility metrics for individual migrating cells. However, which properties of the FAs are critical for epithelial cell motility in a monolayer remains poorly elucidated. We used high-throughput microscopy to describe relationship between the FA parameters and cell migration in immortalized epithelial keratinocytes (HaCaT) and lung carcinoma cells (A549) with depleted or inhibited vinculin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) FA proteins. To evaluate relationship between the FA morphology and cell migration, we used substrates with varying stiffness in the model of wound healing. Cells cultivated on fibronectin had the highest FA area values, migration rate, and upregulated expression of FAK and vinculin mRNAs, while the smallest FA area and slower migration rate to the wound were specific to cells cultivated on glass. Suppression of vinculin expression in both normal and tumor cells caused decrease of the FA size and fluorescence intensity but did not affect cell migration into the wound. In contrast, downregulation or inactivation of FAK did not affect the FA size but significantly slowed down the wound closure rate by both HaCaT and A549 cell lines. We also showed that the FAK knockdown results in the FA lifetime decrease for the cells cultivated both on glass and fibronectin. Our data indicate that the FA lifetime is the most important parameter defining migration of epithelial cells in a monolayer. The observed change in the cell migration rate in a monolayer caused by changes in expression/activation of FAK kinase makes FAK a promising target for anticancer therapy of lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia S Solomatina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Kovaleva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anna V Tvorogova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan A Vorobjev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aleena A Saidova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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16
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Faralli JA, Filla MS, Yang YF, Sun YY, Johns K, Keller KE, Peters DM. Digital spatial profiling of segmental outflow regions in trabecular meshwork reveals a role for ADAM15. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298802. [PMID: 38394161 PMCID: PMC10889904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study we used a spatial transcriptomics approach to identify genes specifically associated with either high or low outflow regions in the trabecular meshwork (TM) that could potentially affect aqueous humor outflow in vivo. High and low outflow regions were identified and isolated from organ cultured human anterior segments perfused with fluorescently-labeled 200 nm FluoSpheres. The NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) platform was then used to identified genes in the paraffin embedded tissue sections from within those regions. These transcriptome analyses revealed that 16 genes were statistically upregulated in high outflow regions and 57 genes were statistically downregulated in high outflow regions when compared to low outflow regions. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the top three biological categories of these differentially expressed genes were ECM/cell adhesion, signal transduction, and transcription. The ECM/cell adhesion genes that showed the largest differential expression (Log2FC ±1.5) were ADAM15, BGN, LDB3, and CRKL. ADAM15, which is a metalloproteinase that can bind integrins, was upregulated in high outflow regions, while the proteoglycan BGN and two genes associated with integrin signaling (LDB3, and CRKL) were downregulated. Immunolabeling studies supported the differential expression of ADAM15 and showed that it was specifically upregulated in high outflow regions along the inner wall of Schlemm's canal and in the juxtacanalicular (JCT) region of the TM. In addition to these genes, the studies showed that genes for decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, and the α8 integrin subunit were enriched in high outflow regions. These studies identify several novel genes that could be involved in segmental outflow, thus demonstrating that digital spatial profiling could be a useful approach for understanding segmental flow through the TM. Furthermore, this study suggests that changes in the expression of genes involved in regulating the activity and/or organization of the ECM and integrins in the TM are likely to be key players in segmental outflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Faralli
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Filla
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ying Ying Sun
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kassidy Johns
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kate E. Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Donna M. Peters
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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17
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Lu J, Wang M, Wang X, Meng Y, Chen F, Zhuang J, Han Y, Wang H, Liu W. A basement membrane extract-based three-dimensional culture system promotes the neuronal differentiation of cochlear Sox10-positive glial cells in vitro. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100937. [PMID: 38269057 PMCID: PMC10805941 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the mammalian cochleae are essential for the delivery of acoustic information, and damage to SGNs can lead to permanent sensorineural hearing loss as SGNs are not capable of regeneration. Cochlear glial cells (GCs) might be a potential source for SGN regeneration, but the neuronal differentiation ability of GCs is limited and its properties are not clear yet. Here, we characterized the cochlear Sox10-positive (Sox10+) GCs as a neural progenitor population and developed a basement membrane extract-based three-dimensional (BME-3D) culture system to promote its neuronal generation capacity in vitro. Firstly, the purified Sox10+ GCs, isolated from Sox10-creER/tdTomato mice via flow cytometry, were able to form neurospheres after being cultured in the traditional suspension culture system, while significantly more neurospheres were found and the expression of stem cell-related genes was upregulated in the BME-3D culture group. Next, the BME-3D culture system promoted the neuronal differentiation ability of Sox10+ GCs, as evidenced by the increased number, neurite outgrowth, area of growth cones, and synapse density as well as the promoted excitability of newly induced neurons. Notably, the BME-3D culture system also intensified the reinnervation of newly generated neurons with HCs and protected the neurospheres and derived-neurons against cisplatin-induced damage. Finally, transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of the differentiated neurons. These findings suggest that the BME-3D culture system considerably promotes the proliferation capacity and neuronal differentiation efficiency of Sox10+ GCs in vitro, thus providing a possible strategy for the SGN regeneration study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhuang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yuechen Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
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18
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Phillips TA, Marcotti S, Cox S, Parsons M. Imaging actin organisation and dynamics in 3D. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261389. [PMID: 38236161 PMCID: PMC10906668 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton plays a critical role in cell architecture and the control of fundamental processes including cell division, migration and survival. The dynamics and organisation of F-actin have been widely studied in a breadth of cell types on classical two-dimensional (2D) surfaces. Recent advances in optical microscopy have enabled interrogation of these cytoskeletal networks in cells within three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, tissues and in vivo. Emerging studies indicate that the dimensionality experienced by cells has a profound impact on the structure and function of the cytoskeleton, with cells in 3D environments exhibiting cytoskeletal arrangements that differ to cells in 2D environments. However, the addition of a third (and fourth, with time) dimension leads to challenges in sample preparation, imaging and analysis, necessitating additional considerations to achieve the required signal-to-noise ratio and spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we summarise the current tools for imaging actin in a 3D context and highlight examples of the importance of this in understanding cytoskeletal biology and the challenges and opportunities in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Phillips
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Stefania Marcotti
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
- Microscopy Innovation Centre, King's College London, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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19
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Xie R, Pal V, Yu Y, Lu X, Gao M, Liang S, Huang M, Peng W, Ozbolat IT. A comprehensive review on 3D tissue models: Biofabrication technologies and preclinical applications. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122408. [PMID: 38041911 PMCID: PMC10843844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures and animal testing, when it comes to precisely foreseeing the toxicity and clinical effectiveness of potential drug candidates, have resulted in a notable increase in the rate of failure during the process of drug discovery and development. Three-dimensional (3D) in-vitro models have arisen as substitute platforms with the capacity to accurately depict in-vivo conditions and increasing the predictivity of clinical effects and toxicity of drug candidates. It has been found that 3D models can accurately represent complex tissue structure of human body and can be used for a wide range of disease modeling purposes. Recently, substantial progress in biomedicine, materials and engineering have been made to fabricate various 3D in-vitro models, which have been exhibited better disease progression predictivity and drug effects than convention models, suggesting a promising direction in pharmaceutics. This comprehensive review highlights the recent developments in 3D in-vitro tissue models for preclinical applications including drug screening and disease modeling targeting multiple organs and tissues, like liver, bone, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart, brain, and cartilage. We discuss current strategies for fabricating 3D models for specific organs with their strengths and pitfalls. We expand future considerations for establishing a physiologically-relevant microenvironment for growing 3D models and also provide readers with a perspective on intellectual property, industry, and regulatory landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yanrong Yu
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Xiaolu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Mengwei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Shijie Liang
- School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China
| | - Weijie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering in Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, JX, China; School of Pharmaceutics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, JX, 330006, China.
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, 01130, Turkey; Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Adana, 01130, Turkey.
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20
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhang N, He J, Zhou Z, Wu F. Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts to Osteoblast-like Cells Using Runx2/Dlx5 Factors on Engineered Stiff Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59209-59223. [PMID: 38102996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into functional cells still faces major limitations in terms of efficiency and achieving functional maturity of the reprogramed cells. While different approaches have been developed commonly based on exploiting biochemical signals, introducing appropriate mechanical cues that stimulate the reprogramming process is rarely reported. In this study, collagen-coated polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels with stiffness close to that of collagenous bone (40 kPa) were adopted to augment the direct reprogramming process of mouse fibroblasts to osteoblastic-like cells. The results suggested that culturing cells on a hydrogel substrate enhanced the overexpression of osteogenic transcription factors using nonviral vectors and improved the yield of osteoblast-like cells. Particularly, a synergistic effect on achieving osteogenic functionality has been observed for the mechanical cues and overexpression of transcriptional factors, leading to enhanced osteogenic transformation and production of bone mineral matrix. Animal experiments suggested that reprogramed cells generated on matrix hydrogels accelerated bone regeneration and stimulated ectopic osteogenesis. Mechanism analysis suggested the critical involvement of actomyosin contraction and mechanical signal-mediated pathways like the RhoA-ROCK pathway, leading to a synergistic effect on the key transcriptional processes, including chromatin remodeling, nuclear translocation, and epigenetic transition. This study provides insights into the mechanical cue-enhanced direct reprogramming and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Nihui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jing He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
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21
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Shimpi AA, Williams ED, Ling L, Tamir T, White FM, Fischbach C. Phosphoproteomic Changes Induced by Cell-Derived Matrix and Their Effect on Tumor Cell Migration and Cytoskeleton Remodeling. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6835-6848. [PMID: 38015076 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Increased fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition promotes tumor invasion, which is the first step of the metastatic cascade. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood as conventional studies of tumor cell migration are often performed in 2D cultures lacking the compositional and structural complexity of native ECM. Moreover, these studies frequently focus on select candidate pathways potentially overlooking other relevant changes in cell signaling. Here, we combine a cell-derived matrix (CDM) model with phosphotyrosine phosphoproteomic analysis to investigate tumor cell migration on fibrotic ECM relative to standard tissue culture plastic (TCP). Our results suggest that tumor cells cultured on CDMs migrate faster and in a more directional manner than their counterparts on TCP. These changes in migration correlate with decreased cell spreading and increased cell elongation. While the formation of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK)+ adhesion complexes did not vary between TCP and CDMs, time-dependent phosphoproteomic analysis identified that the SRC family kinase LYN may be differentially regulated. Pharmacological inhibition of LYN decreased tumor cell migration and cytoskeletal rearrangement on CDMs and also on TCP, suggesting that LYN regulates tumor cell migration on CDMs in combination with other mechanisms. These data highlight how the combination of physicochemically complex in vitro systems with phosphoproteomics can help identify signaling mechanisms by which the fibrotic ECM regulates tumor cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Shimpi
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Erik D Williams
- Department of Information Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lu Ling
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tigist Tamir
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 023139, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 023139, United States
| | - Forest M White
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 023139, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 023139, United States
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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22
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Bahrami S, Mirzadeh H, Solouk A, Duprez D. Bioinspired scaffolds based on aligned polyurethane nanofibers mimic tendon and ligament fascicles. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300117. [PMID: 37440460 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Topographical factors of scaffolds play an important role in regulating cell functions. Although the effects of alignment topography and three-dimensional (3D) configuration of nanofibers as well as surface stiffness on cell behavior have been investigated, there are relatively few reports that attempt to understand the relationship between synergistic effects of these parameters and cell responses. Herein, the influence of biophysical and biomechanical cues of electrospun polyurethane (PU) scaffolds on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) activities was evaluated. To this aim, multiscale bundles were developed by rolling up the aligned electrospun mats mimicking the fascicles of tendons/ligaments and other similar tissues. Compared to mats, the 3D bundles not only maintained the desirable topographical features (i.e., fiber diameter, fiber orientation, and pore size), but also boosted tensile strength (∼40 MPa), tensile strain (∼260%), and surface stiffness (∼1.75 MPa). Alignment topography of nanofibers noticeably dictated cell elongation and a uniaxial orientation, resulting in tenogenic commitment of MSCs. MSCs seeded on the bundles expressed higher levels of tenogenic markers compared to mats. Moreover, the biomimetic bundle scaffolds improved synthesis of extracellular matrix components compared to mats. These results suggest that biophysical and biomechanical cues modulate cell-scaffold interactions, providing new insights into hierarchical scaffold design for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Bahrami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
- Institut Biologie Paris Seine-Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7622, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1156, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Hamid Mirzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Solouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Delphine Duprez
- Institut Biologie Paris Seine-Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7622, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1156, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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23
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Gonzalez G, Nelson AC, Holman AR, Whitehead AJ, LaMontagne E, Lian R, Vatsyayan R, Dayeh SA, Engler AJ. Conductive electrospun polymer improves stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte function and maturation. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122363. [PMID: 37898021 PMCID: PMC10841997 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous efforts to generate mature human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs), cells often remain immature, electrically isolated, and may not reflect adult biology. Conductive polymers are attractive candidates to facilitate electrical communication between hPSC-CMs, especially at sub-confluent cell densities or diseased cells lacking cell-cell junctions. Here we electrospun conductive polymers to create a conductive fiber mesh and assess if electrical signal propagation is improved in hPSC-CMs seeded on the mesh network. Matrix characterization indicated fiber structure remained stable over weeks in buffer, scaffold stiffness remained near in vivo cardiac stiffness, and electrical conductivity scaled with conductive polymer concentration. Cells remained adherent and viable on the scaffolds for at least 5 days. Transcriptomic profiling of hPSC-CMs cultured on conductive substrates for 3 days showed upregulation of cardiac and muscle-related genes versus non-conductive fibers. Structural proteins were more organized and calcium handling was improved on conductive substrates, even at sub-confluent cell densities; prolonged culture on conductive scaffolds improved membrane depolarization compared to non-conductive substrates. Taken together, these data suggest that blended, conductive scaffolds are stable, supportive of electrical coupling in hPSC-CMs, and promote maturation, which may improve our ability to model cardiac diseases and develop targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisselle Gonzalez
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Aileena C Nelson
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Alyssa R Holman
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Erin LaMontagne
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rachel Lian
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ritwik Vatsyayan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shadi A Dayeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Adam J Engler
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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24
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Peng X, Huang Y, Genin GM. The fibrous character of pericellular matrix mediates cell mechanotransduction. JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS 2023; 180:105423. [PMID: 38559448 PMCID: PMC10978028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmps.2023.105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cells in solid tissues sense and respond to mechanical signals that are transmitted through extracellular matrix (ECM) over distances that are many times their size. This long-range force transmission is known to arise from strain-stiffening and buckling in the collagen fiber ECM network, but must also pass through the denser pericellular matrix (PCM) that cells form by secreting and compacting nearby collagen. However, the role of the PCM in the transmission of mechanical signals is still unclear. We therefore studied an idealized computational model of cells embedded within fibrous collagen ECM and PCM. Our results suggest that the smaller network pore sizes associated with PCM attenuates tension-driven collagen-fiber alignment, undermining long-range force transmission and shielding cells from mechanical stress. However, elongation of the cell body or anisotropic cell contraction can compensate for these effects to enable long distance force transmission. Results are consistent with recent experiments that highlight an effect of PCM on shielding cells from high stresses. Results have implications for the transmission of mechanical signaling in development, wound healing, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Peng
- U.S. National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 United States
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- U.S. National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 United States
| | - Guy M. Genin
- U.S. National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 United States
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25
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Wei Z, Liu J, Jia Y, Lei M, Zhang S, Xi P, Ma Y, Zhang M, Ma J, Wang L, Guo H, Xu F. Fiber Microarchitecture in Interpenetrating Collagen-Alginate Hydrogel with Tunable Mechanical Plasticity Regulates Tumor Cell Migration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301586. [PMID: 37506713 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The fiber structures of tumor microenvironment (TME) are well-known in regulating tumor cell behaviors, and the plastic remolding of TME has recently been suggested to enhance tumor metastasis as well. However, the interrelationship between the fiber microarchitecture and matrix plasticity is inextricable by existing in vitro models. The individual roles of fiber microarchitecture and matrix plasticity in tuning tumor cell behaviors remain elusive. This study develops an interpenetrating collagen-alginate hydrogel platform with independently tunable matrix plasticity and fiber microarchitecture through an interpenetrating strategy of alginate networks and collagen I networks. With this hydrogel platform, it is demonstrated that tumor cells in high plasticity hydrogels are more extensive and aggressive than in low plasticity hydrogels and fiber structures only have influence in high plasticity hydrogels. The study further elucidates the underlying mechanisms through analyzing the distribution of forces within the matrix and tracking the focal adhesions (FAs) and finds that highly plastic hydrogels can activate the FAs formation, whereas the maturation and stability of FAs are dominated by fiber dispersion. This study not only establishes new ideas on how cells interact with TME cues but also would help to further finely tailor engineered hydrogel platforms for studying tumor behaviors in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbo Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Meng Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Pan Xi
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Medicine, Xi'an International University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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26
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Tang P, Thongrom B, Arora S, Haag R. Polyglycerol-Based Biomedical Matrix for Immunomagnetic Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation and Their Expansion into Tumor Spheroids for Drug Screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300842. [PMID: 37402278 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are established as distinct cancer biomarkers for diagnosis, as preclinical models, and therapeutic targets. Their use as preclinical models is limited owing to low purity after isolation and the lack of effective techniques to create 3D cultures that accurately mimic in vivo conditions. Herein, a two-component system for detecting, isolating, and expanding CTCs to generate multicellular tumor spheroids that mimic the physiology and microenvironment of the diseased organ is proposed. First, an antifouling biointerface on magnetic beads is fabricated by adding a bioinert polymer layer and conjugation of biospecific ligands to isolate cancer cells, dramatically enhancing the selectivity and purity of the isolated cancer cells. Next, the isolated cells are encapsulated into self-degradable hydrogels synthesized using a thiol-click approach. The hydrogels are mechanochemically tuned to enable tumor spheroid growth to a size greater than 300 µm and to further release the grown spheroids while retaining their tumor-like characteristics. In addition, drug treatment highlights the need for 3D culture environments rather than conventional 2D culture. The designed biomedical matrix shows potential as a universal method to ensure mimicry of in vivo tumor characteristics in individual patients and to improve the predictability of preclinical screening of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boonya Thongrom
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Smriti Arora
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Hewitt RJ, Puttur F, Gaboriau DCA, Fercoq F, Fresquet M, Traves WJ, Yates LL, Walker SA, Molyneaux PL, Kemp SV, Nicholson AG, Rice A, Roberts E, Lennon R, Carlin LM, Byrne AJ, Maher TM, Lloyd CM. Lung extracellular matrix modulates KRT5 + basal cell activity in pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6039. [PMID: 37758700 PMCID: PMC10533905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expansion of KRT5+ basal cells in the distal lung accompanies progressive alveolar epithelial cell loss and tissue remodelling during fibrogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The mechanisms determining activity of KRT5+ cells in IPF have not been delineated. Here, we reveal a potential mechanism by which KRT5+ cells migrate within the fibrotic lung, navigating regional differences in collagen topography. In vitro, KRT5+ cell migratory characteristics and expression of remodelling genes are modulated by extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and organisation. Mass spectrometry- based proteomics revealed compositional differences in ECM components secreted by primary human lung fibroblasts (HLF) from IPF patients compared to controls. Over-expression of ECM glycoprotein, Secreted Protein Acidic and Cysteine Rich (SPARC) in the IPF HLF matrix restricts KRT5+ cell migration in vitro. Together, our findings demonstrate how changes to the ECM in IPF directly influence KRT5+ cell behaviour and function contributing to remodelling events in the fibrotic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Hewitt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Franz Puttur
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David C A Gaboriau
- Facility for Imaging by Light Microscopy, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Maryline Fresquet
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - William J Traves
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Laura L Yates
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Simone A Walker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Samuel V Kemp
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew G Nicholson
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Alexandra Rice
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Edward Roberts
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Keck Medicine of USC, 1510 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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28
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Chen J, Yan D, Chen Y. Understanding the driving force for cell migration plasticity. Biophys J 2023; 122:3570-3576. [PMID: 37041746 PMCID: PMC10541478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a complex phenomenon. Not only do different cells migrate in different default modes, but the same cell can also change its migration mode to adapt to different terrains. This complexity has riddled cell biologists and biophysicists for decades in that, despite the development of many powerful tools over the past 30 years, how cells move is still being actively investigated. This is because we have yet to fully understand the mystery of cell migration plasticity, particularly the reciprocal relation between force generation and migration mode transition. Herein we explore the future directions, in terms of measurement platforms and imaging-based techniques, to facilitate the undertaking of elucidating the relation between force generation machinery and migration mode transition. By briefly reviewing the evolution of the platforms and techniques developed in the past, we propose the desirable features to be added to achieve high measurement accuracy and improved temporal and spatial resolution, permitting us to unveil the mystery of cell migration plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniel Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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29
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Lu C, Zheng J, Yoshitomi T, Kawazoe N, Yang Y, Chen G. How Hydrogel Stiffness Affects Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Controlled Morphology. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3441-3450. [PMID: 37061939 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Matrix stiffness has been disclosed as an essential regulator of cell fate. However, it is barely studied how the matrix stiffness affects stem cell functions when cell morphology changes. Thus, in this study, the effect of hydrogel stiffness on adipogenic differentiation of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with controlled morphology was investigated. Micropatterns of different size and elongation were prepared by a photolithographical micropatterning technique. The hMSCs were cultured on the micropatterns and showed a different spreading area and elongation following the geometry of the underlying micropatterns. The cells with controlled morphology were embedded in agarose hydrogels of different stiffnesses. The cells showed a different level of adipogenic differentiation that was dependent on both hydrogel stiffness and cell morphology. Adipogenic differentiation became strong when the cell spreading area decreased and hydrogel stiffness increased. Adipogenic differentiation did not change with cell elongation. Therefore, cell spreading area and hydrogel stiffness could synergistically affect adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs, while cell elongation did not affect adipogenic differentiation. A change of cell morphology and hydrogel stiffness was accompanied by actin filament alignment that was strongly related to adipogenic differentiation. The results indicated that cell morphology could affect cellular sensitivity to hydrogel stiffness. The results will provide useful information for the elucidation of the interaction of stem cells and their microenvironmental biomechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Lu
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Jing Zheng
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshitomi
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yingnan Yang
- Graduate School of Life and Environment Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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30
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Le HA, Mayor R. Cell-matrix and cell-cell interaction mechanics in guiding migration. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1733-1745. [PMID: 37610008 PMCID: PMC10586762 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Physical properties of tissue are increasingly recognised as major regulatory cues affecting cell behaviours, particularly cell migration. While these properties of the extracellular matrix have been extensively discussed, the contribution from the cellular components that make up the tissue are still poorly appreciated. In this mini-review, we will discuss two major physical components: stiffness and topology with a stronger focus on cell-cell interactions and how these can impact cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Anh Le
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
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31
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Leineweber WD, Fraley SI. Adhesion tunes speed and persistence by coordinating protrusions and extracellular matrix remodeling. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1414-1428.e4. [PMID: 37321214 PMCID: PMC10527808 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration through 3D environments is essential to development, disease, and regeneration processes. Conceptual models of migration have been developed primarily on the basis of 2D cell behaviors, but a general understanding of 3D cell migration is still lacking due to the added complexity of the extracellular matrix. Here, using a multiplexed biophysical imaging approach for single-cell analysis of human cell lines, we show how the subprocesses of adhesion, contractility, actin cytoskeletal dynamics, and matrix remodeling integrate to produce heterogeneous migration behaviors. This single-cell analysis identifies three modes of cell speed and persistence coupling, driven by distinct modes of coordination between matrix remodeling and protrusive activity. The framework that emerges establishes a predictive model linking cell trajectories to distinct subprocess coordination states.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Leineweber
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephanie I Fraley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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32
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Tsingos E, Bakker BH, Keijzer KAE, Hupkes HJ, Merks RMH. Hybrid cellular Potts and bead-spring modeling of cells in fibrous extracellular matrix. Biophys J 2023; 122:2609-2622. [PMID: 37183398 PMCID: PMC10397577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is fundamental to coordinate collective cell behavior in tissues. Relating individual cell-level mechanics to tissue-scale collective behavior is a challenge that cell-based models such as the cellular Potts model (CPM) are well-positioned to address. These models generally represent the ECM with mean-field approaches, which assume substrate homogeneity. This assumption breaks down with fibrous ECM, which has nontrivial structure and mechanics. Here, we extend the CPM with a bead-spring model of ECM fiber networks modeled using molecular dynamics. We model a contractile cell pulling with discrete focal adhesion-like sites on the fiber network and demonstrate agreement with experimental spatiotemporal fiber densification and displacement. We show that at high network cross-linking, contractile cell forces propagate over at least eight cell diameters, decaying with distance with power law exponent n= 0.35 - 0.65 typical of viscoelastic ECMs. Further, we use in silico atomic force microscopy to measure local cell-induced network stiffening consistent with experiments. Our model lays the foundation for investigating how local and long-ranged cell-ECM mechanobiology contributes to multicellular morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tsingos
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Koen A E Keijzer
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Roeland M H Merks
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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33
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Saraswathibhatla A, Indana D, Chaudhuri O. Cell-extracellular matrix mechanotransduction in 3D. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:495-516. [PMID: 36849594 PMCID: PMC10656994 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECMs) regulate essential cell behaviours, including differentiation, migration and proliferation, through mechanotransduction. Studies of cell-ECM mechanotransduction have largely focused on cells cultured in 2D, on top of elastic substrates with a range of stiffnesses. However, cells often interact with ECMs in vivo in a 3D context, and cell-ECM interactions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction in 3D can differ from those in 2D. The ECM exhibits various structural features as well as complex mechanical properties. In 3D, mechanical confinement by the surrounding ECM restricts changes in cell volume and cell shape but allows cells to generate force on the matrix by extending protrusions and regulating cell volume as well as through actomyosin-based contractility. Furthermore, cell-matrix interactions are dynamic owing to matrix remodelling. Accordingly, ECM stiffness, viscoelasticity and degradability often play a critical role in regulating cell behaviours in 3D. Mechanisms of 3D mechanotransduction include traditional integrin-mediated pathways that sense mechanical properties and more recently described mechanosensitive ion channel-mediated pathways that sense 3D confinement, with both converging on the nucleus for downstream control of transcription and phenotype. Mechanotransduction is involved in tissues from development to cancer and is being increasingly harnessed towards mechanotherapy. Here we discuss recent progress in our understanding of cell-ECM mechanotransduction in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhiraj Indana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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34
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Huang M, Lu L, Lin C, Zheng Y, Pan X, Wang S, Chen S, Zhang Y, Liu C, Ge G, Zeng YA, Chen J. LRP12 is an endogenous transmembrane inactivator of α4 integrins. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112667. [PMID: 37330909 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of integrin activation and inactivation is critical for precisely controlled cell adhesion and migration in physiological and pathological processes. The molecular basis for integrin activation has been intensively studied; however, the understanding of integrin inactivation is still limited. Here, we identify LRP12 as an endogenous transmembrane inhibitor for α4 integrin activation. The LRP12 cytoplasmic domain directly binds to the integrin α4 cytoplasmic tail and inhibits talin binding to the β subunit, thus keeping integrin inactive. In migrating cells, LRP12-α4 interaction induces nascent adhesion (NA) turnover at the leading-edge protrusion. Knockdown of LRP12 leads to increased NAs and enhanced cell migration. Consistently, LRP12-deficient T cells show an enhanced homing capability in mice and lead to aggravated chronic colitis in a T cell-transfer colitis model. Altogether, LRP12 is a transmembrane inactivator for integrins that inhibits α4 integrin activation and controls cell migration by maintaining balanced NA dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- MengWen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - ChangDong Lin
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - YaJuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - XingChao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - ShiHui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - ShiYang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - YouHua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - ChunYe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - GaoXiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Arial Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - JianFeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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35
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Paukner D, Eichinger JF, Cyron CJ. What are the key mechanical mechanisms governing integrin-mediated cell migration in three-dimensional fiber networks? Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023:10.1007/s10237-023-01709-2. [PMID: 37318643 PMCID: PMC10366304 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration plays a vital role in numerous processes such as development, wound healing, or cancer. It is well known that numerous complex mechanisms are involved in cell migration. However, so far it remains poorly understood what are the key mechanisms required to produce the main characteristics of this behavior. The reason is a methodological one. In experimental studies, specific factors and mechanisms can be promoted or inhibited. However, while doing so, there can always be others in the background which play key roles but which have simply remained unattended so far. This makes it very difficult to validate any hypothesis about a minimal set of factors and mechanisms required to produce cell migration. To overcome this natural limitation of experimental studies, we developed a computational model where cells and extracellular matrix fibers are represented by discrete mechanical objects on the micrometer scale. In this model, we had exact control of the mechanisms by which cells and matrix fibers interacted with each other. This enabled us to identify the key mechanisms required to produce physiologically realistic cell migration (including advanced phenomena such as durotaxis and a biphasic relation between migration efficiency and matrix stiffness). We found that two main mechanisms are required to this end: a catch-slip bond of individual integrins and cytoskeletal actin-myosin contraction. Notably, more advanced phenomena such as cell polarization or details of mechanosensing were not necessary to qualitatively reproduce the main characteristics of cell migration observed in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paukner
- Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 42 (M), 21073, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Material Systems Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck Straße 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Jonas F Eichinger
- Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 42 (M), 21073, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Computational Mechanics, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching b., 85748, München, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Christian J Cyron
- Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 42 (M), 21073, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Material Systems Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck Straße 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
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36
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Crosas-Molist E, Graziani V, Maiques O, Pandya P, Monger J, Samain R, George SL, Malik S, Salise J, Morales V, Le Guennec A, Atkinson RA, Marti RM, Matias-Guiu X, Charras G, Conte MR, Elosegui-Artola A, Holt M, Sanz-Moreno V. AMPK is a mechano-metabolic sensor linking cell adhesion and mitochondrial dynamics to Myosin-dependent cell migration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2740. [PMID: 37217519 PMCID: PMC10202939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is crucial for cancer dissemination. We find that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) controls cell migration by acting as an adhesion sensing molecular hub. In 3-dimensional matrices, fast-migrating amoeboid cancer cells exert low adhesion/low traction linked to low ATP/AMP, leading to AMPK activation. In turn, AMPK plays a dual role controlling mitochondrial dynamics and cytoskeletal remodelling. High AMPK activity in low adhering migratory cells, induces mitochondrial fission, resulting in lower oxidative phosphorylation and lower mitochondrial ATP. Concurrently, AMPK inactivates Myosin Phosphatase, increasing Myosin II-dependent amoeboid migration. Reducing adhesion or mitochondrial fusion or activating AMPK induces efficient rounded-amoeboid migration. AMPK inhibition suppresses metastatic potential of amoeboid cancer cells in vivo, while a mitochondrial/AMPK-driven switch is observed in regions of human tumours where amoeboid cells are disseminating. We unveil how mitochondrial dynamics control cell migration and suggest that AMPK is a mechano-metabolic sensor linking energetics and the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Crosas-Molist
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Vittoria Graziani
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pahini Pandya
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Joanne Monger
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Remi Samain
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Samantha L George
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Saba Malik
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jerrine Salise
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Valle Morales
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Adrien Le Guennec
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - R Andrew Atkinson
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR5089, CNRS-Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, BP 64182, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Rosa M Marti
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, CIBERONC, IRB Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, 25198, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, CIBERONC, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08907, Spain
| | - Guillaume Charras
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maria R Conte
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Alberto Elosegui-Artola
- Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Mark Holt
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Building, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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37
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Alfadil E, Bradke F. Moving through the crowd. Where are we at understanding physiological axon growth? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 140:63-71. [PMID: 35817655 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Axon growth enables the rapid wiring of the central nervous system. Understanding this process is a prerequisite to retriggering it under pathological conditions, such as a spinal cord injury, to elicit axon regeneration. The last decades saw progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying axon growth. Most of these studies employed cultured neurons grown on flat surfaces. Only recently studies on axon growth were performed in 3D. In these studies, physiological environments exposed more complex and dynamic aspects of axon development. Here, we describe current views on axon growth and highlight gaps in our knowledge. We discuss how axons interact with the extracellular matrix during development and the role of the growth cone and its cytoskeleton within. Finally, we propose that the time is ripe to study axon growth in a more physiological setting. This will help us uncover the physiologically relevant mechanisms underlying axon growth, and how they can be reactivated to induce axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eissa Alfadil
- Laboratory of Axon Growth and Regeneration, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Frank Bradke
- Laboratory of Axon Growth and Regeneration, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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38
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Higgins G, Higgins F, Peres J, Lang DM, Abdalrahman T, Zaman MH, Prince S, Franz T. Intracellular mechanics and TBX3 expression jointly dictate the spreading mode of melanoma cells in 3D environments. Exp Cell Res 2023; 428:113633. [PMID: 37172754 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell stiffness and T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) expression have been identified as biomarkers of melanoma metastasis in 2D environments. This study aimed to determine how mechanical and biochemical properties of melanoma cells change during cluster formation in 3D environments. Vertical growth phase (VGP) and metastatic (MET) melanoma cells were embedded in 3D collagen matrices of 2 and 4 mg/ml collagen concentrations, representing low and high matrix stiffness. Mitochondrial fluctuation, intracellular stiffness, and TBX3 expression were quantified before and during cluster formation. In isolated cells, mitochondrial fluctuation decreased and intracellular stiffness increased with increase in disease stage from VGP to MET and increased matrix stiffness. TBX3 was highly expressed in soft matrices but diminished in stiff matrices for VGP and MET cells. Cluster formation of VGP cells was excessive in soft matrices but limited in stiff matrices, whereas for MET cells it was limited in soft and stiff matrices. In soft matrices, VGP cells did not change the intracellular properties, whereas MET cells exhibited increased mitochondrial fluctuation and decreased TBX3 expression. In stiff matrices, mitochondrial fluctuation and TBX3 expression increased in VGP and MET, and intracellular stiffness increased in VGP but decreased in MET cells. The findings suggest that soft extracellular environments are more favourable for tumour growth, and high TBX3 levels mediate collective cell migration and tumour growth in the earlier VGP disease stage but play a lesser role in the later metastatic stage of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodeejah Higgins
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Faatiemah Higgins
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Jade Peres
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Dirk M Lang
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Tamer Abdalrahman
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Muhammad H Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Sharon Prince
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Thomas Franz
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa; Bioengineering Science Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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39
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Xu E, Niu R, Lao J, Zhang S, Li J, Zhu Y, Shi H, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Wang W, Yin J, Chen Q, Huang X, Chen J, Liu D. Tissue-like cultured fish fillets through a synthetic food pipeline. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:17. [PMID: 37149658 PMCID: PMC10164169 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-like cultured meats of some livestock have successfully been established by different approaches. However, the production of a structure similar to fish fillets is still challenging. Here, we develop tissue-like cultured fish fillets by assembly of large yellow croaker muscle fibers and adipocytes with 3D-printed gel. Inhibition of Tgf-β and Notch signals significantly promoted myogenic differentiation of piscine satellite cells (PSCs). The mixture of fish gelatin and sodium alginate combined with a p53 inhibitor and a Yap activator supported PSC viability and proliferation. Based on the texture of fish muscle tissue, a 3D scaffold was constructed by gelatin-based gel mixed with PSCs. After proliferation and differentiation, the muscle scaffold was filled with cultured piscine adipocytes. Finally, tissue-like fish fillets with 20 × 12 × 4 mm were formed, consisting of 5.67 × 107 muscles and 4.02 × 107 adipocytes. The biomanufacture of tissue-like cultured fish fillet here could be a promising technology to customize meat production with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbo Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Ruihao Niu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Jihui Lao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Huimin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Yijian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qihe Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Corneal Diseases Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China.
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40
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Hatlen RR, Rajagopalan P. Investigating Trans-differentiation of Glioblastoma Cells in an In Vitro 3D Model of the Perivascular Niche. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37129167 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest form of brain cancer, responsible for over 50% of adult brain tumors. A specific region within the GBM environment is known as the perivascular niche (PVN). This area is defined as within approximately 100 μm of vasculature and plays an important role in the interactions between endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes, GBM cells, and stem cells. We have designed a 3D in vitro model of the PVN comprising either collagen Type 1 or HyStem-C, human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs), and LN229 (GBM) cells. HUVECs were encapsulated within the hydrogels to form vascular networks. After 7 days, LN229 cells were co-cultured to investigate changes in both cell types. Over a 14 day culture period, we measured alterations in HUVEC networks, the contraction of the hydrogels, trans-differentiation of LN229 cells, and the concentrations of two chemokines; CXCL12 and TGF-β. Increased cellular proliferation ranging from 10- to 16-fold was exhibited in co-cultures from days 8 to 14. This was accompanied with a decrease in the height of hydrogels of up to 68%. These changes in the biomaterial scaffold indicate that LN229-HUVEC interactions promote changes to the matrix. TGF-β and CXCL12 secretion increased approximately 2-2.6-fold each from day 8 to 14 in all co-cultures. The expression of CXCL12 correlated with cell colocalization, indicating a chemotactic role in enabling the migration of LN229 cells toward HUVECs in co-cultures. von Willebrand factor (vWF) was co-expressed with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in up to 15% of LN229 cells after 24 h in co-culture. Additionally, when LN229 cells were co-cultured with human brain microvascular ECs, the percentages of GFAP+/vWF+ cells were up to 20% higher than that in co-cultures with HUVECs in collagen (2.2 mg/mL) and HyStem-C gels on day 14. The expression of vWF indicates the early stages of trans-differentiation of LN229 cells to an EC phenotype. Designing in vitro models of trans-differentiation may provide additional insights into how vasculature and cellular phenotypes are altered in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn R Hatlen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Padmavathy Rajagopalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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41
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Singh N, Patel K, Navalkar A, Kadu P, Datta D, Chatterjee D, Mukherjee S, Shaw R, Gahlot N, Shaw A, Jadhav S, Maji SK. Amyloid fibril-based thixotropic hydrogels for modeling of tumor spheroids in vitro. Biomaterials 2023; 295:122032. [PMID: 36791521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials mimicking extracellular matrices (ECM) for three-dimensional (3D) cultures have gained immense interest in tumor modeling and in vitro organ development. Here, we introduce a new class of amyloid fibril-based peptide hydrogels as a versatile biomimetic ECM scaffold for 3D cell culture and homogenous tumor spheroid modeling. We show that these amyloid fibril-based hydrogels are thixotropic and allow cancer cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. All seven designed hydrogels support 3D cell culture with five different cancer cell lines forming spheroid with necrotic core and upregulation of the cancer biomarkers. We further developed the homogenous, single spheroid using the drop cast method and the data suggest that all hydrogels support the tumor spheroid formation but with different necrotic core diameters. The detailed gene expression analysis of MCF7 spheroid by microarray suggested the involvement of pro-oncogenes and significant regulatory pathways responsible for tumor spheroid formation. Further, using breast tumor tissue from a mouse xenograft model, we show that selected amyloid hydrogels support the formation of tumor spheroids with a well-defined necrotic core, cancer-associated gene expression, higher drug resistance, and tumor heterogeneity reminiscent of the original tumor. Altogether, we have developed an easy-to-use, rapid, cost-effective, and scalable platform for generating in vitro cancer models for the screening of anti-cancer therapeutics and developing personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Komal Patel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ambuja Navalkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Pradeep Kadu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debdeep Chatterjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ranjit Shaw
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Nitisha Gahlot
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Shaw
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | | | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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42
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Jana A, Sarkar A, Zhang H, Agashe A, Wang J, Paul R, Gov NS, DeLuca JG, Nain AS. Mitotic outcomes and errors in fibrous environments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2120536120. [PMID: 36848565 PMCID: PMC10013866 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120536120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During mitosis, cells round up and utilize the interphase adhesion sites within the fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) as guidance cues to orient the mitotic spindles. Here, using suspended ECM-mimicking nanofiber networks, we explore mitotic outcomes and error distribution for various interphase cell shapes. Elongated cells attached to single fibers through two focal adhesion clusters (FACs) at their extremities result in perfect spherical mitotic cell bodies that undergo significant 3-dimensional (3D) displacement while being held by retraction fibers (RFs). Increasing the number of parallel fibers increases FACs and retraction fiber-driven stability, leading to reduced 3D cell body movement, metaphase plate rotations, increased interkinetochore distances, and significantly faster division times. Interestingly, interphase kite shapes on a crosshatch pattern of four fibers undergo mitosis resembling single-fiber outcomes due to rounded bodies being primarily held in position by RFs from two perpendicular suspended fibers. We develop a cortex-astral microtubule analytical model to capture the retraction fiber dependence of the metaphase plate rotations. We observe that reduced orientational stability, on single fibers, results in increased monopolar mitotic defects, while multipolar defects become dominant as the number of adhered fibers increases. We use a stochastic Monte Carlo simulation of centrosome, chromosome, and membrane interactions to explain the relationship between the observed propensity of monopolar and multipolar defects and the geometry of RFs. Overall, we establish that while bipolar mitosis is robust in fibrous environments, the nature of division errors in fibrous microenvironments is governed by interphase cell shapes and adhesion geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Jana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Apurba Sarkar
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Atharva Agashe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Raja Paul
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Nir S. Gov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Jennifer G. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO80523
| | - Amrinder S. Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
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43
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Annunziata C, Fattahpour H, Fong D, Hadjiargyrou M, Sanaei P. Effects of Elasticity on Cell Proliferation in a Tissue-Engineering Scaffold Pore. Bull Math Biol 2023; 85:25. [PMID: 36826607 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-023-01134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds engineered for in vitro tissue engineering consist of multiple pores where cells can migrate along with nutrient-rich culture medium. The presence of the nutrient medium throughout the scaffold pores promotes cell proliferation, and this process depends on several factors such as scaffold geometry, nutrient medium flow rate, shear stress, cell-scaffold focal adhesions and elastic properties of the scaffold material. While numerous studies have addressed the first four factors, the mathematical approach described herein focuses on cell proliferation rate in elastic scaffolds, under constant flux of nutrients. As cells proliferate, the scaffold pores radius shrinks and thus, in order to sustain the nutrient flux, the inlet applied pressure on the upstream side of the scaffold pore must be increased. This results in expansion of the elastic scaffold pore, which in turn further increases the rate of cell proliferation. Considering the elasticity of the scaffold, the pore deformation allows further cellular growth beyond that of inelastic conditions. In this paper, our objectives are as follows: (i) Develop a mathematical model for describing fluid dynamics, scaffold elasticity and cell proliferation for scaffolds consist of identical nearly cylindrical pores; (ii) Solve the models and then simulate cellular proliferation within an elastic pore. The simulation can emulate real life tissue growth in a scaffold and offer a solution which reduces the numerical burdens. Lastly, our results demonstrated are in qualitative agreement with experimental observations reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlyn Annunziata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Haniyeh Fattahpour
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Daniel Fong
- Department of Mathematics and Science, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, NY, 11024, USA
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Pejman Sanaei
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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44
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Vitronectin acts as a key regulator of adhesion and migration in human umbilical cord-derived MSCs under different stress conditions. Exp Cell Res 2023; 423:113467. [PMID: 36634744 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To improve mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy efficacy, it is critical to identify factors involved in regulating migration and adhesion of MSCs under microenvironmental stress conditions. We observed that human Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) exhibited increase in cell spread area and adhesion, with reduction in cellular migration under serum starvation stress. The changes in adhesion and migration characteristics were accompanied by formation of large number of super mature focal adhesions along with extensive stress fibres and altered ECM gene expression with notable induction in vitronectin (VTN) expression. NF-κβ was found to be a positive regulator of VTN expression while ERK pathway regulated it negatively. Inhibition of these signalling pathways or knocking down of VTN under serum starvation established the correlation between increase in VTN expression and increased cellular adhesion with corresponding reduction in cell migration. VTN knockdown also resulted in reduction of super mature focal adhesions and extensive stress fibres, formed under serum starvation stress. Additionally, VTN induction was not detected in hypoxia-treated WJ-MSCs, and the MSCs showed no significant change in the adhesion or migration properties under hypoxia. VTN is established as a key player which possibly regulates the adhesion and migration properties of WJ-MSCs via focal adhesion signalling.
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45
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Legátová A, Pelantová M, Rösel D, Brábek J, Škarková A. The emerging role of microtubules in invasion plasticity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1118171. [PMID: 36860323 PMCID: PMC9969133 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1118171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to switch between different invasive modes during metastasis, also known as invasion plasticity, is an important characteristic of tumor cells that makes them able to resist treatment targeted to a particular invasion mode. Due to the rapid changes in cell morphology during the transition between mesenchymal and amoeboid invasion, it is evident that this process requires remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Although the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell invasion and plasticity is already quite well described, the contribution of microtubules is not yet fully clarified. It is not easy to infer whether destabilization of microtubules leads to higher invasiveness or the opposite since the complex microtubular network acts differently in diverse invasive modes. While mesenchymal migration typically requires microtubules at the leading edge of migrating cells to stabilize protrusions and form adhesive structures, amoeboid invasion is possible even in the absence of long, stable microtubules, albeit there are also cases of amoeboid cells where microtubules contribute to effective migration. Moreover, complex crosstalk of microtubules with other cytoskeletal networks participates in invasion regulation. Altogether, microtubules play an important role in tumor cell plasticity and can be therefore targeted to affect not only cell proliferation but also invasive properties of migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Legátová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Markéta Pelantová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia
| | - Aneta Škarková
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Vestec u Prahy, Czechia,*Correspondence: Aneta Škarková,
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46
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Pérez-Benito Á, Huerta-López C, Alegre-Cebollada J, García-Aznar JM, Hervas-Raluy S. Computational modelling of the mechanical behaviour of protein-based hydrogels. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105661. [PMID: 36630754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based hydrogels have been extensively studied in the field of biomaterials given their ability to mimic living tissues and their special resemblance to the extracellular matrix. Despite this, the methods used for the control of mechanical properties of hydrogels are very limited, focusing mainly on their elasticity, with an often unrealistic characterization of mechanical properties such as extensibility, stiffness and viscoelasticity. Being able to control these properties is essential for the development of new biomaterials, since it has been demonstrated that mechanical properties affect cell behaviour and biological processes. To better understand the mechanical behaviour of these biopolymers, a computational model is here developed to characterize the mechanical behaviour of two different protein-based hydrogels. Strain-stress tests and stress-relaxation tests are evaluated computationally and compared to the results obtained experimentally in a previous work. To achieve this goal the Finite Element Method is used, combining hyperelastic and viscoelastic models. Different hyperelastic constitutive models (Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, first and third order Ogden, and Yeoh) are proposed to estimate the mechanical properties of the protein-based hydrogels by least-square fitting of the in-vitro uniaxial test results. Among these models, the first order Ogden model with a viscoelastic model defined in Prony parameters better reproduces the strain-stress response and the change of stiffness with strain observed in the in-vitro tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Pérez-Benito
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigacion en Ingenieria de Aragon(I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50014, Spain
| | - Carla Huerta-López
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel García-Aznar
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigacion en Ingenieria de Aragon(I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50014, Spain
| | - Silvia Hervas-Raluy
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigacion en Ingenieria de Aragon(I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50014, Spain.
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47
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Xue Q, Varady SR, Waddell TQA, Roman MR, Carrington J, Roh-Johnson M. Lack of Paxillin phosphorylation promotes single-cell migration in vivo. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213850. [PMID: 36723624 PMCID: PMC9929932 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202206078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions are structures that physically link the cell to the extracellular matrix for cell migration. Although cell culture studies have provided a wealth of information regarding focal adhesion biology, it is critical to understand how focal adhesions are dynamically regulated in their native environment. We developed a zebrafish system to visualize focal adhesion structures during single-cell migration in vivo. We find that a key site of phosphoregulation (Y118) on Paxillin exhibits reduced phosphorylation in migrating cells in vivo compared to in vitro. Furthermore, expression of a non-phosphorylatable version of Y118-Paxillin increases focal adhesion disassembly and promotes cell migration in vivo, despite inhibiting cell migration in vitro. Using a mouse model, we further find that the upstream kinase, focal adhesion kinase, is downregulated in cells in vivo, and cells expressing non-phosphorylatable Y118-Paxillin exhibit increased activation of the CRKII-DOCK180/RacGEF pathway. Our findings provide significant new insight into the intrinsic regulation of focal adhesions in cells migrating in their native environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xue
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sophia R.S. Varady
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie R. Roman
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James Carrington
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA,School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- https://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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48
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In Vitro 3D Modeling of Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010093. [PMID: 36671665 PMCID: PMC9855033 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) is very complex due to the difficulty in investigating the cellular dynamics within nervous tissue. Despite numerous advances in the in vivo study of these diseases, the use of in vitro analyses is proving to be a valuable tool to better understand the mechanisms implicated in these diseases. Although neural cells remain difficult to obtain from patient tissues, access to induced multipotent stem cell production now makes it possible to generate virtually all neural cells involved in these diseases (from neurons to glial cells). Many original 3D culture model approaches are currently being developed (using these different cell types together) to closely mimic degenerative nervous tissue environments. The aim of these approaches is to allow an interaction between glial cells and neurons, which reproduces pathophysiological reality by co-culturing them in structures that recapitulate embryonic development or facilitate axonal migration, local molecule exchange, and myelination (to name a few). This review details the advantages and disadvantages of techniques using scaffolds, spheroids, organoids, 3D bioprinting, microfluidic systems, and organ-on-a-chip strategies to model neurodegenerative diseases.
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49
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Mao BH, Nguyen Thi KM, Tang MJ, Kamm RD, Tu TY. The interface stiffness and topographic feature dictate interfacial invasiveness of cancer spheroids. Biofabrication 2023; 15. [PMID: 36594698 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acaa00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During cancer metastasis, tumor cells likely navigate, in a collective manner, discrete tissue spaces comprising inherently heterogeneous extracellular matrix microstructures where interfaces may be frequently encountered. Studies have shown that cell migration modes can be determined by adaptation to mechanical/topographic cues from interfacial microenvironments. However, less attention has been paid to exploring the impact of interfacial mechnochemical attributes on invasive and metastatic behaviors of tumor aggregates. Here, we excogitated a collagen matrix-solid substrate interface platform to investigate the afore-stated interesting issue. Our data revealed that stiffer interfaces stimulated spheroid outgrowth by motivating detachment of single cells and boosting their motility and velocity. However, stronger interfacial adhesive strength between matrix and substrate led to the opposite outcomes. Besides, this interfacial parameter also affected the morphological switch between migration modes of the detached cells and their directionality. Mechanistically, myosin II-mediated cell contraction, compared to matrix metalloproteinases-driven collagen degradation, was shown to play a more crucial role in the invasive outgrowth of tumor spheroids in interfacial microenvironments. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of heterogeneous interfaces in addressing and combating cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Hsu Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Kim Mai Nguyen Thi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Ting-Yuan Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
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50
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Flint L. Multimodal Mass Spectrometry Imaging of an Aggregated 3D Cell Culture Model. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2688:147-159. [PMID: 37410291 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3319-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a leading approach for investigating the molecular processes within biological samples. The parallel detection of compounds including metabolites, lipids, proteins, and metal isotopes allows for a more holistic understanding of tissue microenvironments. Universal sample preparation is a primary enabler for samples of the same set to be run across multiple modalities. Using the same method and materials for a cohort of samples reduces any potential variability during sample preparation and allows for comparable analysis across analytical imaging techniques. Here, the MSI workflow is describing a sample preparation protocol for the analysis of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models. The analysis of biologically relevant cultures by multimodal MSI offers a method in which models of cancer and disease can be studied for the use in early-stage drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Flint
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
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