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Liu TC, Shih CJ, Chiou YL. Oral administration of oligo fucoidan improves the survival rate, quality of life, and immunity in patients with lung cancer. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10674. [PMID: 38974912 PMCID: PMC11227263 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer globally, has the highest incidence and mortality rates in Taiwan. It can be divided into two types. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancers, which is further divided into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell lung cancer accounting for approximately 40%, 25%, and 15% of NSCLC cases, respectively. Small cell lung cancer accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancers. Early systemic therapy NSCLC was based on chemotherapy, and immunotherapy is currently under development. Fucoidan, from brown seaweed extracts, shows promise in mitigating radiation-induced lung fibrosis in animal studies, suggesting its potential as an adjuvant for radiation therapy-related lung fibrosis in lung cancer patients. However, the clinical utility of such adjuvant therapy in lung cancer treatment remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oral administration of oligo-fucoidan on the survival rate, quality of life, and immunity of patients with lung cancer. Methods Subjects with Non-small cell lung cancer aged between 20 and 80 were collected from outpatient clinics, divided into control group (n = 7): conventional therapy and fucoidan group (n = 13): received conventional therapy+ oral supplementation of oligo-fucoidan (550 mg × 4 tablets). Data were collected before the study, at weeks 4, 12, and 24 during the study, and to collect 20 ml of peripheral blood, for analysis biochemical data, liver and kidney function, lymphocyte population, inflammation cytokines, and using EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire to assess quality of life. Results The survival rates of the subjects in the control and fucoidan groups were 20% and 28.6%, respectively. During the study, patients in the fucoidan group experienced a better quality of life than those in the control group, but this difference lacked statistical significance. Oligo-fucoidan increases the CD19 lymphocyte population. The patients in the fucoidan group also had Lower inflammatory cytokine. Conclusion Oligo-fucoidan holds promise as an adjuvant therapy to enhance the survival rate, quality of life, and immune function in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu-Chen Liu
- Department of Chest Medicine, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Ju Shih
- Department of Nutrition (Master Program), Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Chiou
- Department of Nutrition (Master Program), Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hassan AHE, Kim HJ, Jung SJ, Jang SY, El-Sayed SM, Lee KT, Lee YS. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of new anti-inflammatory natural products amide derivatives endowed with anti-blood cancer activity towards development of potential multifunctional agents against hematological cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115566. [PMID: 37354740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
New amide derivatives of the natural product 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavanone were designed as multifunctional antiproliferative molecules against blood cancer and the associated inflammatory conditions. The targeted compounds were synthesized efficiently in three linear steps employing known chalcone starting materials. Compounds 2h, 2i, 2l, 2t, 2v and 2x having bromo or nitro substituted-phenyl rings elicited potential inhibitory effects on macrophages production of nitric oxide, PGE2 and TNF-α which are proinflammatory mediators involved in tumorigenesis and progression of blood cancer. Additionally, evaluation of direct inhibitory effects on the growth of diverse blood cancers including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma cell lines unveiled compound 2v as the most potential molecules eliciting at least five-folds the potency of the standard imatinib drug over the used diverse blood cancers. Furthermore, compound 2v showed good selectivity to blood cancer cells rather than normal MRC5 cells. Moreover, compound 2v triggered death of HL60 leukemia cells via apoptosis induction. In conclusion, the natural product-derived compound 2v might serve as a multifunctional lead compound for further development of agents for treatment of blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Jung
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yun Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Selwan M El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Min SJ, Lee H, Shin MS, Lee JW. Synthesis and Biological Properties of Pyranocoumarin Derivatives as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10026. [PMID: 37373174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize 23 coumarin derivatives and analyze their anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages. A cytotoxicity test performed on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages revealed that none of the 23 coumarin derivatives were cytotoxic. Among the 23 coumarin derivatives, coumarin derivative 2 showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity by significantly reducing nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner. Coumarin derivative 2 inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6, and decreased the expression level of each mRNA. In addition, it inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), and inducible nitric oxide synthase. These results indicated that coumarin derivative 2 inhibited LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB p65 signal transduction pathways in RAW264.7 cells, as well as proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes related to inflammatory responses, to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Coumarin derivative 2 showed potential for further development as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ji Min
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesu Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University (GWNU), Gangneung-si 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
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Utama K, Khamto N, Meepowpan P, Aobchey P, Kantapan J, Sringarm K, Roytrakul S, Sangthong P. Effects of 2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone from Syzygium nervosum Seeds on Antiproliferative, DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis in Human Cervical Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:1154. [PMID: 35208945 PMCID: PMC8879438 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC), a natural product derived from Syzygium nervosum A. Cunn. ex DC., was investigated for its inhibitory activities against various cancer cell lines. In this work, we investigated the effects of DMC and available anticervical cancer drugs (5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and doxorubicin) on three human cervical cancer cell lines (C-33A, HeLa, and SiHa). DMC displayed antiproliferative cervical cancer activity in C-33A, HeLa, and SiHa cells, with IC50 values of 15.76 ± 1.49, 10.05 ± 0.22, and 18.31 ± 3.10 µM, respectively. DMC presented higher antiproliferative cancer activity in HeLa cells; therefore, we further investigated DMC-induced apoptosis in this cell line, including DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis assays. As a potential anticancer agent, DMC treatment increased DNA damage in cancer cells, observed through fluorescence inverted microscopy and a comet assay. The cell cycle assay showed an increased number of cells in the G0/G1 phase following DMC treatment. Furthermore, DMC treatment-induced apoptosis cell death was approximately three- to four-fold higher compared to the untreated group. Here, DMC represented a compound-induced apoptosis for cell death in the HeLa cervical cancer cell line. Our findings suggest that DMC, a phytochemical agent, is a potential candidate for antiproliferative cervical cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kraikrit Utama
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.K.); (P.M.)
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nopawit Khamto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.K.); (P.M.)
| | - Paitoon Aobchey
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok 12120, Thailand;
| | - Padchanee Sangthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.K.); (P.M.)
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Hassan A, Khalaily N, Kilav-Levin R, Nechama M, Volovelsky O, Silver J, Naveh-Many T. Molecular Mechanisms of Parathyroid Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020111. [PMID: 35208186 PMCID: PMC8878033 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that induces morbidity and mortality in patients. How CKD stimulates the parathyroid to increase parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, gene expression and cell proliferation remains an open question. In experimental SHP, the increased PTH gene expression is post-transcriptional and mediated by PTH mRNA–protein interactions that promote PTH mRNA stability. These interactions are orchestrated by the isomerase Pin1. Pin1 participates in conformational change-based regulation of target proteins, including mRNA-binding proteins. In SHP, Pin1 isomerase activity is decreased, and thus, the Pin1 target and PTH mRNA destabilizing protein KSRP fails to bind PTH mRNA, increasing PTH mRNA stability and levels. An additional level of post-transcriptional regulation is mediated by microRNA (miRNA). Mice with parathyroid-specific knockout of Dicer, which facilitates the final step in miRNA maturation, lack parathyroid miRNAs but have normal PTH and calcium levels. Surprisingly, these mice fail to increase serum PTH in response to hypocalcemia or uremia, indicating a role for miRNAs in parathyroid stimulation. SHP often leads to parathyroid hyperplasia. Reduced expressions of parathyroid regulating receptors, activation of transforming growth factor α-epidermal growth factor receptor, cyclooxygenase 2-prostaglandin E2 and mTOR signaling all contribute to the enhanced parathyroid cell proliferation. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin prevents and corrects the increased parathyroid cell proliferation of SHP. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanisms that stimulate the parathyroid cell at multiple levels in SHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Hassan
- Minerva Center for Bone and Mineral Research, Nephrology Services, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.H.); (N.K.); (R.K.-L.); (J.S.)
| | - Nareman Khalaily
- Minerva Center for Bone and Mineral Research, Nephrology Services, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.H.); (N.K.); (R.K.-L.); (J.S.)
| | - Rachel Kilav-Levin
- Minerva Center for Bone and Mineral Research, Nephrology Services, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.H.); (N.K.); (R.K.-L.); (J.S.)
- Nursing, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem 91160, Israel
| | - Morris Nechama
- Pediatric Nephrology, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (M.N.); (O.V.)
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Oded Volovelsky
- Pediatric Nephrology, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (M.N.); (O.V.)
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Justin Silver
- Minerva Center for Bone and Mineral Research, Nephrology Services, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.H.); (N.K.); (R.K.-L.); (J.S.)
| | - Tally Naveh-Many
- Minerva Center for Bone and Mineral Research, Nephrology Services, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.H.); (N.K.); (R.K.-L.); (J.S.)
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Pu W, Bousquenaud M, Cattin S, Zaric J, Sun LK, Rüegg C. Emodin Inhibits Inflammation, Carcinogenesis, and Cancer Progression in the AOM/DSS Model of Colitis-Associated Intestinal Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:564674. [PMID: 33489875 PMCID: PMC7821392 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.564674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer worldwide. Chronic inflammation contributes to CRC development and progression. Emodin, is a natural anthraquinone derivative with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. We used the AOM/DSS model of colitis-associated intestinal tumorigenesis to characterize the effect of Emodin on inflammation and tumorigenesis at weeks 3, 5, and 14 after initiation with AOM. At all three time points, Emodin (50 mg/kg) reduced inflammatory cell (i.e. CD11b+ and F4/80+) recruitment, cytokine (i.e. TNFα, IL1α/β, IL6, CCL2, CXCL5) and pro-inflammatory enzymes (i.e. COX-2, NOS2) expression in the tumor microenvironment, while promoting recruitment of CD3+ T lymphocytes at 14 weeks. Emodin decreased the incidence of premalignant lesions (adenoma) at week 3, the incidence of dysplastic lesions and carcinomas at week 5, and the incidence, size and the invasiveness of carcinomas at week 14. Emodin also reduced the acute clinical intestinal symptoms (i.e. bleeding and diarrhea) during DSS treatment. In vitro, Emodin inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, and reduced viability, adhesion, migration, and fibroblasts-induced invasion of SW620 and HCT116 colon cancer cells. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that Emodin suppresses carcinogenesis-associated intestinal inflammation and prevents AOM/DSS-induced intestinal tumorigenesis and progression. These results instigate further studies on Emodin as a natural agent for the prevention or treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsha Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Weiling Pu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mélanie Bousquenaud
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Cattin
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jelena Zaric
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Li-Kang Sun
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Idiiatullina E, Al-Azab M, Walana W, Pavlov V, Liu B. EnDuo, a novel derivative of Endostar, inhibits the migration of colon cancer cells, suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression and impedes AKT/ERK activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111136. [PMID: 33341042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Colon cancer remains a life-threating disease with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the advancement in modern medical treatment. Therefore, novel and effective anti-colon cancers drugs are urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the anti-metastatic property EnDuo, a modified version of Endostar, and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Colon cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of EnDuo (50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL), and Endostar (100 μg/mL) as positive control. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to test the effect of EnDuo on cell viability. A scratch wound assay and transwell assay were employed to evaluate the relocation and motility of malignant colon cells following treatment with EnDuo. Western blot analysis was used to determine inhibitory effects of EnDuo by detecting the phosphorylation level of AKT and ERK proteins, and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. RESULTS Our results showed that EnDuo impedes the migration of colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. At the molecular level, EnDuo induced a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK proteins, and inhibited the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results demonstrate that EnDuo exhibits a comparable anti-metastatic effect by suppressing the migration of colon cancer cells. Possibly, EnDuo interrupts the PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling pathway to arrest cell migration. Our study provides a novel insight to the potential clinical applications of EnDuo against colon cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Idiiatullina
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Department of Therapy and Nursing, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Mahmoud Al-Azab
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Williams Walana
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Department of Therapy and Nursing, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Bingrong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Rahman SU, Huang Y, Zhu L, Chu X, Junejo SA, Zhang Y, Khan IM, Li Y, Feng S, Wu J, Wang X. Tea polyphenols attenuate liver inflammation by modulating obesity-related genes and down-regulating COX-2 and iNOS expression in high fat-fed dogs. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:234. [PMID: 32641048 PMCID: PMC7346471 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tea polyphenols (TPs) attenuate obesity related liver inflammation; however, the anti-obesity effects and anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study aimed to determine whether the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory TPs mechanisms associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels, and obesity-related gene response in dogs. Results Dogs fed TPs displayed significantly decreased (p < 0.01) mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared to dogs that consumed high-fat diet (HFD) alone. TPs significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited COX-2 and iNOS expression level, and decreased liver fat content and degeneration. Conclusion These results suggested that TPs act as a therapeutic agent for obesity, liver inflammation, and fat degeneration via COX-2 and iNOS inhibition, with TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Ur Rahman
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shahid Ahmed Junejo
- School of Tea and Food Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Naveh-Many T, Volovelsky O. Parathyroid Cell Proliferation in Secondary Hyperparathyroidism of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124332. [PMID: 32570711 PMCID: PMC7352987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that correlates with morbidity and mortality in uremic patients. It is characterized by high serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and impaired bone and mineral metabolism. The main mechanisms underlying SHP are increased PTH biosynthesis and secretion as well as increased glandular mass. The mechanisms leading to parathyroid cell proliferation in SHP are not fully understood. Reduced expressions of the receptors for calcium and vitamin D contribute to the disinhibition of parathyroid cell proliferation. Activation of transforming growth factor-α-epidermal growth factor receptor (TGF-α-EGFR), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), and cyclooxygenase 2- prostaglandin E2 (Cox2-PGE2) signaling all correlate with parathyroid cell proliferation, underlining their roles in the development of SHP. In addition, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is activated in parathyroid glands of experimental SHP rats. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin prevents and corrects the increased parathyroid cell proliferation of SHP. Mice with parathyroid-specific deletion of all miRNAs have a muted increase in serum PTH and fail to increase parathyroid cell proliferation when challenged by CKD, suggesting that miRNA is also necessary for the development of SHP. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanisms of parathyroid cell proliferation in SHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tally Naveh-Many
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Oded Volovelsky
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit and Research Lab, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-26777213
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do-Amaral C, Pacheco B, Seixas F, Pereira C, Collares T. Antitumoral effects of fucoidan on bladder cancer. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Modulation of dysregulated cancer metabolism by plant secondary metabolites: A mechanistic review. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:276-305. [PMID: 32081639 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several signaling pathways and basic metabolites are responsible for the control of metabolism in both normal and cancer cells. As emerging hallmarks of cancer metabolism, the abnormal activities of these pathways are of the most noticeable events in cancer. This altered metabolism expedites the survival and proliferation of cancer cells, which have attracted a substantial amount of interest in cancer metabolism. Nowadays, targeting metabolism and cross-linked signaling pathways in cancer has been a hot topic to investigate novel drugs against cancer. Despite the efficiency of conventional drugs in cancer therapy, their associated toxicity, resistance, and high-cost cause limitations in their application. Besides, considering the numerous signaling pathways cross-linked with cancer metabolism, discovery, and development of multi-targeted and safe natural compounds has been a high priority. Natural secondary metabolites have exhibited promising anticancer effects by targeting dysregulated signaling pathways linked to cancer metabolism. The present review reveals the metabolism and cross-linked dysregulated signaling pathways in cancer. The promising therapeutic targets in cancer, as well as the critical role of natural secondary metabolites for significant anticancer enhancements, have also been highlighted to find novel/potential therapeutic agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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12
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Wyatt GL, Crump LS, Young CM, Wessells VM, McQueen CM, Wall SW, Gustafson TL, Fan YY, Chapkin RS, Porter WW, Lyons TR. Cross-talk between SIM2s and NFκB regulates cyclooxygenase 2 expression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:131. [PMID: 31783895 PMCID: PMC6884910 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death for women in the USA. Thus, there is an increasing need to investigate novel prognostic markers and therapeutic methods. Inflammation raises challenges in treating and preventing the spread of breast cancer. Specifically, the nuclear factor kappa b (NFκB) pathway contributes to cancer progression by stimulating proliferation and preventing apoptosis. One target gene of this pathway is PTGS2, which encodes for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and is upregulated in 40% of human breast carcinomas. COX-2 is an enzyme involved in the production of prostaglandins, which mediate inflammation. Here, we investigate the effect of Singleminded-2s (SIM2s), a transcriptional tumor suppressor that is implicated in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis, in regulating NFκB signaling and COX-2. Methods For in vitro experiments, reporter luciferase assays were utilized in MCF7 cells to investigate promoter activity of NFκB and SIM2. Real-time PCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed in SUM159 and MCF7 cells. For in vivo experiments, MCF10DCIS.COM cells stably expressing SIM2s-FLAG or shPTGS2 were injected into SCID mice and subsequent tumors harvested for immunostaining and analysis. Results Our results reveal that SIM2 attenuates the activation of NFκB as measured using NFκB-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, immunostaining of lysates from breast cancer cells overexpressing SIM2s showed reduction in various NFκB signaling proteins, as well as pAkt, whereas knockdown of SIM2 revealed increases in NFκB signaling proteins and pAkt. Additionally, we show that NFκB signaling can act in a reciprocal manner to decrease expression of SIM2s. Likewise, suppressing NFκB translocation in DCIS.COM cells increased SIM2s expression. We also found that NFκB/p65 represses SIM2 in a dose-dependent manner, and when NFκB is suppressed, the effect on the SIM2 is negated. Additionally, our ChIP analysis confirms that NFκB/p65 binds directly to SIM2 promoter site and that the NFκB sites in the SIM2 promoter are required for NFκB-mediated suppression of SIM2s. Finally, overexpression of SIM2s decreases PTGS2 in vitro, and COX-2 staining in vivo while decreasing PTGS2 and/or COX-2 activity results in re-expression of SIM2. Conclusion Our findings identify a novel role for SIM2s in NFκB signaling and COX-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garhett L Wyatt
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lyndsey S Crump
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chloe M Young
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Veronica M Wessells
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cole M McQueen
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Steven W Wall
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tanya L Gustafson
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weston W Porter
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Traci R Lyons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA. .,The University of Colorado Cancer Center Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, Aurora, CO, USA.
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13
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Phillips CM, Chen LW, Heude B, Bernard JY, Harvey NC, Duijts L, Mensink-Bout SM, Polanska K, Mancano G, Suderman M, Shivappa N, Hébert JR. Dietary Inflammatory Index and Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1873. [PMID: 31408965 PMCID: PMC6722630 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a literature-derived dietary index, was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of habitual diet. Subsequently, a large and rapidly growing body of research investigating associations between dietary inflammatory potential, determined by the DII, and risk of a wide range of NCDs has emerged. In this narrative review, we examine the current state of the science regarding relationships between the DII and cancer, cardiometabolic, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, neurodevelopment, and adverse mental health outcomes. We synthesize the findings from recent studies, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and look to the future regarding novel applications of the adult and children's DII (C-DII) scores and new avenues of investigation in this field of nutritional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Phillips
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
| | - Ling-Wei Chen
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Barbara Heude
- Research Team on the Early Life Origins of Health (EAROH), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, Université de Paris, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Research Team on the Early Life Origins of Health (EAROH), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, Université de Paris, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara M Mensink-Bout
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Giulia Mancano
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
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14
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Güner A, Nalbantsoy A, Sukatar A, Karabay Yavaşoğlu NÜ. Apoptosis-inducing activities of Halopteris scoparia L. Sauvageau (Brown algae) on cancer cells and its biosafety and antioxidant properties. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:687-704. [PMID: 30969390 PMCID: PMC6546795 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal the biological activities and in vivo toxicity profiles of n-hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of brown algae Halopteris scoparia L. Sauvageau. In this study, extracts were tested for their phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities. The cytotoxic activities of the extracts against cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), colon colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cells were assessed by MTT assay and total RNAs derived from cell lines to analyze gene expression were analyzed by Real Time Ready Human Apoptosis Panel 96. Also, in vivo toxicity and irritation effects of extracts were evaluated by LD50 acute toxicity test and Hen's egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay, respectively. Our results showed that the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined only in methanol extract (33.20 ± 1.41 mg GAE/g and 1.26 ± 0.95 mg QE/g). Also, n-hexane has a broader spectrum of content than methanol and chloroform extracts. Furthermore, n-hexane extract in DPPH and methanol extract in ABTS+ exhibited the best antioxidant activity. In addition, MTT results revealed that each three extracts cause a significant reduction in cell viability, especially in HeLa cells. When the apoptotic gene expressions were examined after treatment of extracts, the expression of many pro-apoptotic genes in both caspase-independent and caspase-dependent intrinsic and extrinsic pathways increased. These findings suggest that, considering that it had not led to irritation and toxicity in vivo, edible H. scoparia is a natural antioxidant and its apoptotic/cytotoxic activities can potentially be used against human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Güner
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Giresun University, Güre, Giresun 28200 Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nalbantsoy
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey
| | - Atakan Sukatar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 Turkey
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15
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Inhibitory Effect of Ficin Derived from Fig Latex on Inflammation and Melanin Production in Skin Cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Esbona K, Yi Y, Saha S, Yu M, Van Doorn RR, Conklin MW, Graham DS, Wisinski KB, Ponik SM, Eliceiri KW, Wilke LG, Keely PJ. The Presence of Cyclooxygenase 2, Tumor-Associated Macrophages, and Collagen Alignment as Prognostic Markers for Invasive Breast Carcinoma Patients. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 188:559-573. [PMID: 29429545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, and the organization of collagen in the breast tumor microenvironment, is an important mediator of breast tumor progression. However, a direct link between markers of inflammation, collagen organization, and patient outcome has yet to be established. A tumor microarray of 371 invasive breast carcinoma biopsy specimens was analyzed for expression of inflammatory markers, including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), macrophages, and several collagen features in the tumor nest (TN) or the tumor-associated stroma (TS). The tumor microarray cohort included females, aged 18 to 80 years, with a median follow-up of 8.4 years. High expression of COX-2 (TN), CD68 (TS), and CD163 (TN and TS) predicted worse patient overall survival (OS). This notion was strengthened by the finding from the multivariate analysis that high numbers of CD163+ macrophages in the TS is an independent prognostic factor. Overall collagen deposition was associated with high stromal expression of COX-2 and CD163; however, total collagen deposition was not a predictor for OS. Conversely, local collagen density, alignment and perpendicular alignment to the tumor boundary (tumor-associated collagen signature-3) were predictors of OS. These results suggest that in invasive carcinoma, the localization of inflammatory cells and aligned collagen orientation predict poor patient survival. Additional clinical studies may help validate whether therapy with selective COX-2 inhibitors alters expression of CD68 and CD163 inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Esbona
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Yanyao Yi
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sandeep Saha
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Menggang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rachel R Van Doorn
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew W Conklin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Douglas S Graham
- Department of Information Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kari B Wisinski
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Suzanne M Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Lee G Wilke
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Patricia J Keely
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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17
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Kim EH, Choi YS, Kim YM. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect of Phellinus igniarius on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. J Exerc Rehabil 2019; 15:2-7. [PMID: 30899728 PMCID: PMC6416490 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1938010.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect of Phellinus igniarius (PI) on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. Cell viability was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Measurement of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis was performed using the NO detection. To identify mRNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Assessment of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis was performed using the PGE2 immunoassay. Measurement of free radical scavenging activity was performed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The MTT assay revealed that PI exerted no significant cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. From the PGE2 immunoassay and NO detection, PGE2 and NO synthesis were significantly suppressed in the PI treated groups compared to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated groups. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of COX-2, iNOS, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-5, and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the PI treated groups compared to the LPS treated groups. And, PI showed dose-dependent increase in the DPPH radical scavenging activity. In conclusion, PI maybe offer a valuable mode of therapy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Hwa Kim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea
| | - Youn-Seon Choi
- Department of Oriental Medical and Herbal Cosmetic Sciences, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Department of Oriental Medical and Herbal Cosmetic Sciences, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea
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18
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Choi BY. Biochemical Basis of Anti-Cancer-Effects of Phloretin-A Natural Dihydrochalcone. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020278. [PMID: 30642127 PMCID: PMC6359539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals that help improve health by preventing and/or curing many disease processes, including cancer. One of the apple polyphenols is phloretin [2′,4′,6′-Trihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propiophenone], which has been widely investigated for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities in a wide array of preclinical studies. The efficacy of phloretin in suppressing xenograft tumor growth in athymic nude mice implanted with a variety of human cancer cells, and the ability of the compound to interfere with cancer cells signaling, have made it a promising candidate for anti-cancer drug development. Mechanistically, phloretin has been reported to arrest the growth of tumor cells by blocking cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases and induce apoptosis by activating mitochondria-mediated cell death. The blockade of the glycolytic pathway via downregulation of GLUT2 mRNA and proteins, and the inhibition of tumor cells migration, also corroborates the anti-cancer effects of phloretin. This review sheds light on the molecular targets of phloretin as a potential anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory natural agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-742, Korea.
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19
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Voiculescu VM, Lisievici CV, Lupu M, Vajaitu C, Draghici CC, Popa AV, Solomon I, Sebe TI, Constantin MM, Caruntu C. Mediators of Inflammation in Topical Therapy of Skin Cancers. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8369690. [PMID: 30766448 PMCID: PMC6350587 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8369690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking into consideration that the immune system plays a very important role in the development of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, which have a high prevalence in immunosuppressed patients and after prolonged ultraviolet radiation, the interest in developing novel therapies, in particular targeting the inflammation in cancer, has increased in the past years. The latest data suggest that therapies such as imiquimod (IMQ), ingenol mebutate (IM), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), retinoids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used with success in the topical treatment of some cancers. Herein, we review the topical treatment targeting the inflammation in skin cancer and the mechanisms involved in these processes. Currently, various associations have shown a superior success rate than monotherapy, such as systemic acitretin and topical IMQ, topical 5-FU with tretinoin cream, or IMQ with checkpoint inhibitor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4. Novel therapies targeting Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) with higher selectivity than IMQ are also of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Mihai Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology, “ELIAS” University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mihai Lupu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Clinic, MedAs Medical Center, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Vajaitu
- Department of Dermatology, “ELIAS” University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Iulia Solomon
- Department of Dermatology, “ELIAS” University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teona Ioana Sebe
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, Bucharest, Romania
- The Clinic of Plastic Surgery Reconstructive Microsurgery, Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Magdalena Constantin
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, Bucharest, Romania
- 2nd Department of Dermatology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. “N Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
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Huang H, Chen J, Peng L, Yao Y, Deng D, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang H, Li Z, Bi Y, Haddock AN, Zhan X, Lu W, Logsdon CD, Ji B. Transgenic expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in pancreatic acinar cells induces chronic pancreatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G179-G186. [PMID: 30431318 PMCID: PMC6383372 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00096.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Replacement of the exocrine parenchyma by fibrous tissue is a main characteristic of chronic pancreatitis. Understanding the mechanisms of pancreatic fibrogenesis is critical for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a rate-limiting enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis, is expressed in patients with chronic pancreatitis. However, it is unknown whether COX-2 can cause chronic pancreatitis. To investigate the roles of pancreatic acinar COX-2 in fibrogenesis and the development of chronic pancreatitis, COX-2 was ectopically expressed specifically in pancreatic acinar cells in transgenic mice. Histopathological changes and expression levels of several profibrogenic factors related to chronic pancreatitis were evaluated. COX-2 was expressed in the pancreas of the transgenic mice, as detected by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical staining showed COX-2 was specifically expressed in pancreatic acinar cells. COX-2 expression led to progressive changes in the pancreas, including pancreas megaly, persistent inflammation, collagen deposition, and acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunostaining showed that profibrogenic factors were upregulated and pancreatic stellate cells were activated in the COX-2 transgenic mice. Expression of COX-2 in pancreatic acinar cells is sufficient to induce chronic pancreatitis. Targeting this pathway may be valuable in the prevention of chronic pancreatitis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY COX-2 expression is observed in pancreatic tissues of human chronic pancreatitis. In this study, we showed that COX-2 expression caused the development of chronic pancreatitis in transgenic mice, supporting the idea that COX-2 inhibition may be an effective preventive and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Jiaxiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Lisi Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Defeng Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Huamin Wang
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Ashley N Haddock
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Xianbao Zhan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
- Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Weiqin Lu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York
| | - Craig D Logsdon
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Baoan Ji
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
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21
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Mechanisms coupling thrombin to metastasis and tumorigenesis. Thromb Res 2018; 164 Suppl 1:S29-S33. [PMID: 29703481 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The association of malignancy and thrombophilia is bidirectional, as evidenced by four decades of studies in animal models showing that hemostatic system components support cancer progression. Consistent with this view, clinical studies have suggested that anticoagulants not only limit thromboembolic complications associated with cancer, but also improve survival by impeding cancer progression, and may even prevent the development of cancer. In order to fully capitalize on this association, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms coupling hemostatic factors to cancer pathogenesis is required. Multiple studies have shown that thrombin-mediated procoagulant functions strongly promote metastatic potential. In particular, the platelet/fibrin(ogen) axis has been shown to protect newly formed micrometastases from innate immune surveillance, contribute to creation of a metastatic niche by recruitment of prometastatic inflammatory cells, and promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of metastatic cells. Thrombin-mediated functions have also been shown to support tumor growth in some contexts, and have even been linked to tumorigenesis in the setting of inflammation-driven colon cancer. Here, local thrombin-mediated extravascular fibrin deposition, and specifically fibrin-αMβ2 integrin interaction, push intestinal inflammatory cells toward a pro-tumorigenic phenotype, resulting in the elaboration of key cytokines and growth factors that support the proliferation and survival of transformed intestinal epithelial cells. These studies reveal that hemostatic factors can serve as a bridge between pathological inflammation and the development of cancer. As a large proportion of cancers are caused by pathological inflammation, these studies suggest that therapies targeting the nexus between hemostasis and inflammation could be used to prevent cancer development.
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22
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Ferraz da Costa DC, Campos NPC, Santos RA, Guedes-da-Silva FH, Martins-Dinis MMDC, Zanphorlin L, Ramos C, Rangel LP, Silva JL. Resveratrol prevents p53 aggregation in vitro and in breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29112-29122. [PMID: 30018739 PMCID: PMC6044377 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One potential target for cancer therapeutics is the tumor suppressor p53, which is mutated in more than 50% of malignant tumors. Loss of function (LoF), dominant negative (DN) and gain of function (GoF) mutations in p53 are associated with amyloid aggregation. We tested the potential of resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, to interact and prevent the aggregation of wild-type and mutant p53 in vitro using fluorescence spectroscopy techniques and in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, HCC-70 and MCF-7) using immunofluorescence co-localization assays. Based on our data, an interaction occurs between resveratrol and the wild-type p53 core domain (p53C). In addition, resveratrol and its derivatives pterostilbene and piceatannol inhibit mutant p53C aggregation in vitro. Additionally, resveratrol reduces mutant p53 protein aggregation in MDA-MB-231 and HCC-70 cells but not in the wild-type p53 cell line MCF-7. To verify the effects of resveratrol on tumorigenicity, cell proliferation and cell migration assays were performed using MDA-MB-231 cells. Resveratrol significantly reduced the proliferative and migratory capabilities of these cells. Our study provides evidence that resveratrol directly modulates p53, enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms involved in p53 aggregation and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielly C Ferraz da Costa
- Departamento de Nutrição Básica e Experimental, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathali P C Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ronimara A Santos
- Departamento de Nutrição Básica e Experimental, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisca Hildemagna Guedes-da-Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mafalda Maria D C Martins-Dinis
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Letícia Zanphorlin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Rangel
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jerson L Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
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23
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Marine natural products for multi-targeted cancer treatment: A future insight. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:233-245. [PMID: 29859466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is world's second largest alarming disease, which involves abnormal cell growth and have potential to spread to other parts of the body. Most of the available anticancer drugs are designed to act on specific targets by altering the activity of involved transporters and genes. As cancer cells exhibit complex cellular machinery, the regeneration of cancer tissues and chemo resistance towards the therapy has been the main obstacle in cancer treatment. This fact encourages the researchers to explore the multitargeted use of existing medicines to overcome the shortcomings of chemotherapy for alternative and safer treatment strategies. Recent developments in genomics-proteomics and an understanding of the molecular pharmacology of cancer have also challenged researchers to come up with target-based drugs. The literature supports the evidence of natural compounds exhibiting antioxidant, antimitotic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic as well as anticancer activity. In this review, we have selected marine sponges as a prolific source of bioactive compounds which can be explored for their possible use in cancer and have tried to link their role in cancer pathway. To prove this, we revisited the literature for the selection of cancer genes for the multitargeted use of existing drugs and natural products. We used Cytoscape network analysis and Search tool for retrieval of interacting genes/ proteins (STRING) to study the possible interactions to show the links between the antioxidants, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and antimitotic agents and their targets for their possible use in cancer. We included total 78 pathways, their genes and natural compounds from the above four pharmacological classes used in cancer treatment for multitargeted approach. Based on the Cytoscape network analysis results, we shortlist 22 genes based on their average shortest path length connecting one node to all other nodes in a network. These selected genes are CDKN2A, FH, VHL, STK11, SUFU, RB1, MEN1, HRPT2, EXT1, 2, CDK4, p14, p16, TSC1, 2, AXIN2, SDBH C, D, NF1, 2, BHD, PTCH, GPC3, CYLD and WT1. The selected genes were analysed using STRING for their protein-protein interactions. Based on the above findings, we propose the selected genes to be considered as major targets and are suggested to be studied for discovering marine natural products as drug lead in cancer treatment.
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24
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Do SI, Araujo ES, Kalil RK, Bacchini P, Bertoni F, Unni KK, Park YK. Expression of Embryonic Lethal Abnormal Vision (ELAV)-Like Protein HuR and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in Ewing Sarcoma. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 94:347-50. [DOI: 10.1177/030089160809400310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background HuR is a member of the family of ELAV (embryonic lethal abnormal vision)-like proteins that stabilize several cellular mRNAs by binding to AU-rich elements in the 3’ untranslated region of the mRNA. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a well known enzyme that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that HuR can stabilize the mRNA of COX-2, and cytoplasmic expression of HuR is associated with increased COX-2 expression in some cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between COX-2 and HuR in Ewing sarcoma. Methods The expression patterns for HuR and COX-2 were assessed via immunochemical analysis of 70 Ewing sarcoma samples. Results Nuclear HuR expression was observed in 12 of 70 (17.1%) cases, but cytoplasmic expression was not observed. COX-2 expression was seen in 25 of 70 (35.7%) samples. Nuclear HuR and COX-2 were simultaneously expressed in 8 of 70 (11.4%) samples. The expression of nuclear HuR was significantly associated with COX-2 expression (P = 0.014). Neither HuR nor COX-2 expression showed a correlation with age or sex. Conclusions COX-2 expression in Ewing sarcoma may not be directly related to mRNA stabilization by HuR. However, a correlation between COX-2 expression and nuclear HuR expression through indirect mRNA stabilization can be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Im Do
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Patrizia Bacchini
- Servizio di Anatomia Patologica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Bertoni
- Servizio di Anatomia Patologica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Yong-Koo Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Sun LC, Zhang HB, Gu CD, Guo SD, Li G, Lian R, Yao Y, Zhang GQ. Protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 41:1199-1210. [PMID: 29243040 PMCID: PMC7101724 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0991-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome with no effective protective or therapeutic treatments. Acacetin, a natural flavonoid compound, has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects which can potentially work to reduce sepsis. We investigated the potential protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) ALI and dissect out the underlying mechanisms. Mice were divided into five groups: a sham group, a sepsis-induced ALI group, and three sepsis groups pre-treated with 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight of acacetin. We found that acacetin significantly attenuated sepsis-induced ALI, in histological examinations and lung edema. Additionally, acacetin treatment decreased protein and inflammatory cytokine concentration and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells in BALF compared with that in the non-treated sepsis mice. Pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was lower in the acacetin-pre-treated sepsis groups than in the sepsis group. The mechanism underlying the protective effect of acacetin on sepsis is related to the regulation of certain antioxidation genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), superoxide dismutases (SODs), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1).Taken together, our results indicate that acacetin pre-treatment inhibits sepsis-induced ALI through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity, suggesting that acacetin may be a potential protective agent for sepsis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chao Sun
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hong-Bo Zhang
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Gu
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shi-Dong Guo
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Gang Li
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui Lian
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Emergency Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China.
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26
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The ErbB family and androgen receptor signaling are targets of Celecoxib in prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:9-17. [PMID: 28450158 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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27
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Sun X, Zhong Y, Luo H, Yang Y. Selenium-Containing Polysaccharide-Protein Complex in Se-Enriched Ulva fasciata Induces Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15070215. [PMID: 28714901 PMCID: PMC5532657 DOI: 10.3390/md15070215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of selenium (Se) and Ulva fasciata as potent cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents has been supported by epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical studies. In this study, Se-containing polysaccharide-protein complex (Se-PPC), a novel organoselenium compound, a Se-containing polysaccharide-protein complex in Se-enriched Ulva fasciata, is a potent anti-proliferative agent against human lung cancer A549 cells. Se-PPC markedly inhibited the growth of cancer cells via induction of apoptosis which was accompanied by the formation of apoptotic bodies, an increase in the population of apoptotic sub-G1 phase cells, upregulation of p53, and activation of caspase-3 in A549 cells. Further investigation on intracellular mechanisms indicated that cytochrome C was released from mitochondria into cytosol in A549 cells after Se-PPC treatment. Se-PPC induced depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in A549 cells through regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL) and pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bid) proteins, resulting in disruption of the activation of caspase-9. This is the first report to demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of Se-PPC on human cancer cells and to provide a possible mechanism for this activity. Thus, Se-PPC is a promising novel organoselenium compound with potential to treat human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Sun
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Jinan 510632, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yu Zhong
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Jinan 510632, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hongtian Luo
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Jinan 510632, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Jinan 510632, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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28
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Xu W, Zhou Q, Yao Y, Li X, Zhang JL, Su GH, Deng AP. Inhibitory effect of Gardenblue blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) anthocyanin extracts on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 17:425-36. [PMID: 27256676 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Blueberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which are associated with health benefits contributing to a reduced risk for many diseases. The present study identified the functional Gardenblue blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) anthocyanin extracts (GBBAEs) and evaluated their capacity and underlying mechanisms in protecting murine RAW 264.7 cells from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation in vitro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit results showed that GBBAEs significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and interferon-γ (INF-γ). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis indicated that the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) were suppressed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the relative protein expression levels of COX-2 and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κBp65). All these results suggested the potential use of GBBAEs as a functional food for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Research Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan City Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yong Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guan-Hua Su
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ai-Ping Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan City Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
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29
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Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168 pmid: 27645804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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30
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Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:924-941. [PMID: 27645804 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, especially in Asian countries. Consumption of green tea has been demonstrated to possess many health benefits, which mainly attributed to the main bioactive compound epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a flavone-3-ol polyphenol, in green tea. EGCG is mainly absorbed in the intestine, and gut microbiota play a critical role in its metabolism prior to absorption. EGCG exhibits versatile bioactivities, with its anti-cancer effect most attracting due to the cancer preventive effect of green tea consumption, and a great number of studies intensively investigated its anti-cancer effect. In this review, we therefore, first stated the absorption and metabolism process of EGCG, and then summarized its anti-cancer effect in vitro and in vivo, including its manifold anti-cancer actions and mechanisms, especially its anti-cancer stem cell effect, and next highlighted its various molecular targets involved in cancer inhibition. Finally, the anti-cancer effect of EGCG analogs and nanoparticles, as well as the potential cancer promoting effect of EGCG were also discussed. Understanding of the absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of EGCG can be of importance to better utilize it as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Harold Corke
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
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31
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Somasundaram SN, Shanmugam S, Subramanian B, Jaganathan R. Cytotoxic effect of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum cinereum on colon cancer cell line HCT-15. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:1215-23. [PMID: 27370748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity against HCT-15 of fucoidan from Sargassum cinereum. Purification of fucoidan was done by DEAE cellulose and dialysis. Physicochemical characterization of fucoidan was analysed by calorimetric assay, FT-IR, HPLC and NMR. The extracted fucoidan contains 65.753% of fucose and 3.7±1.54% of sulphate respectively. HPLC results showed that the fucoidan contains the monosaccharide composition such as fucose, galactose, mannose and xylose. Antioxidant effect of fucoidan in Sargassum Cinereum was determined by DPPH. The maximum DPPH activity was found at the concentration of 100μg, where as the crude extract showed the scavenging activity was 63.58±0.56%. Cytotoxicity effect was done by MTT assay. Fucoidan extract caused about 50% of cell death after 24h of incubation with 75±0.9037μg/ml against HCT-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasankara Narayani Somasundaram
- Department of Marine Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Department of Marine Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Bharathiraja Subramanian
- Department of Marine Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Pathology Discipline, Laboratory based Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450 Ipoh, Malaysia.
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32
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Kwak DH, Heo SY, Kim CH, Kim JS, Kim SU, Chang KT, Choo YK. Anti-inflammatory actions of plant-derived multiple monoclonal antibody CO17-1A × BR55 related with anti-cancer effects in AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer mouse via down-regulating of ERK1/2. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1211176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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33
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Orsini F, Verotta L, Klimo K, Gerhäuser C. Synthesis of Resveratrol Derivatives andIn VitroScreening for Potential Cancer Chemopreventive Activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:414-27. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Orsini
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - Luisella Verotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - Karin Klimo
- Division Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Clarissa Gerhäuser
- Division Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
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34
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Esbona K, Inman D, Saha S, Jeffery J, Schedin P, Wilke L, Keely P. COX-2 modulates mammary tumor progression in response to collagen density. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:35. [PMID: 27000374 PMCID: PMC4802888 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High breast density is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, and correlates with changes in collagen. In a mouse model of mammary carcinoma in the context of increased collagen deposition, the MMTV-PyMT/Col1a1tm1jae, there is accelerated mammary tumor formation and progression. Previous gene expression analysis suggests that increased collagen density elevates expression of PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2), the gene for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Methods To understand the role of COX-2 in tumor progression within a collagen-dense microenvironment, we treated MMTV-PyMT or MMTV-PyMT/Col1a1tm1jae tumors prior to and after tumor formation. Animals received treatment with celecoxib, a specific COX-2 inhibitor, or placebo. Mammary tumors were examined for COX-2, inflammatory and stromal cell components, and collagen deposition through immunohistochemical analysis, immunofluorescence, multiplex cytokine ELISA and tissue imaging techniques. Results PyMT/Col1a1tm1jae tumors were larger, more proliferative, and expressed higher levels of COX-2 and PGE2 than PyMT tumors in wild type (WT) mice. Treatment with celecoxib significantly decreased the induced tumor size and metastasis of the PyMT/Col1a1 tumors, such that their size was not different from the smaller PyMT tumors. Celecoxib had minimal effect on the PyMT tumors. Celecoxib decreased expression levels of COX-2, PGE2, and Ki-67. Several cytokines were over-expressed in PyMT/Col1a1 compared to PyMT, and celecoxib treatment prevented their over-expression. Furthermore, macrophage and neutrophil recruitment were enhanced in PyMT/Col1a1 tumors, and this effect was inhibited by celecoxib. Notably, COX-2 inhibition reduced overall collagen deposition. Finally, when celecoxib was used prior to tumor formation, PyMT/Col1a1 tumors were fewer and smaller than in untreated animals. Conclusion These findings suggest that COX-2 has a direct role in modulating tumor progression in tumors arising within collagen-dense microenvironments, and suggest that COX-2 may be an effective therapeutic target for women with dense breast tissue and early-stage breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0695-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Esbona
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David Inman
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sandeep Saha
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Justin Jeffery
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Pepper Schedin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lee Wilke
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patricia Keely
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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35
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Lee IC, Choi BY. Withaferin-A--A Natural Anticancer Agent with Pleitropic Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:290. [PMID: 26959007 PMCID: PMC4813154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, being the second leading cause of mortality, exists as a formidable health challenge. In spite of our enormous efforts, the emerging complexities in the molecular nature of disease progression limit the real success in finding an effective cancer cure. It is now conceivable that cancer is, in fact, a progressive illness, and the morbidity and mortality from cancer can be reduced by interfering with various oncogenic signaling pathways. A wide variety of structurally diverse classes of bioactive phytochemicals have been shown to exert anticancer effects in a large number of preclinical studies. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that withaferin-A can prevent the development of cancers of various histotypes. Accumulating data from different rodent models and cell culture experiments have revealed that withaferin-A suppresses experimentally induced carcinogenesis, largely by virtue of its potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties. Moreover, withaferin-A sensitizes resistant cancer cells to existing chemotherapeutic agents. The purpose of this review is to highlight the mechanistic aspects underlying anticancer effects of withaferin-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Chul Lee
- Department of Cosmetic science, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-742, Korea.
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-742, Korea.
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Production of monoclonal antibodies in plants for cancer immunotherapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:306164. [PMID: 26550566 PMCID: PMC4624878 DOI: 10.1155/2015/306164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plants are considered as an alternative platform for recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) production due to the improvement and diversification of transgenic techniques. The diversity of plant species offers a multitude of possibilities for the valorization of genetic resources. Moreover, plants can be propagated indefinitely, providing cheap biomass production on a large scale in controlled conditions. Thus, recent studies have shown the successful development of plant systems for the production of mAbs for cancer immunotherapy. However, their several limitations have to be resolved for efficient antibody production in plants.
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Han YS, Lee JH, Lee SH. Fucoidan inhibits the migration and proliferation of HT-29 human colon cancer cells via the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathways. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3446-3452. [PMID: 25998232 PMCID: PMC4526071 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, has a variety of biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of fucoidan as an anti‑cancer agent remain to be elucidated. The present study examined the anti‑cancer effect of fucoidan on HT‑29 human colon cancer cells. The cell growth of HT29 cells was significantly decreased following treatment with fucoidan (200 µg/ml). In addition, fucoidan inhibited the migration of HT‑29 cells by decreasing the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase‑2 in a dose‑dependent manner (0‑200 µg/ml). The underlying mechanism of these inhibitory effects included the downregulation of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by treatment with fucoidan. Furthermore, fucoidan increased the expression of cleaved caspase‑3 and decreased cancer sphere formation. The present study suggested that fucoidan exerts an anti‑cancer effect on HT‑29 human colon cancer cells by downregulating the PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, fucoidan may be a potential therapeutic reagent against the growth of human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seok Han
- Laboratory for Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul Hospital, Seoul 336‑745, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626‑870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Laboratory for Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul Hospital, Seoul 336‑745, Republic of Korea
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Cyboran S, Strugała P, Włoch A, Oszmiański J, Kleszczyńska H. Concentrated green tea supplement: biological activity and molecular mechanisms. Life Sci 2015; 126:1-9. [PMID: 25703070 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was undertaken to determine the biological activity of a green tea supplement with respect to cells and erythrocyte membranes and the molecular mechanism of that activity. MAIN METHODS The extract's activity was evaluated on the basis of its hemolytic, antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions. In addition, the extract's effect on the physical properties of the erythrocyte membrane was examined. We also conducted a detailed analysis of supplement ingredients using high-yield liquid chromatography, supplemented with standard tests of total content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the supplement. KEY FINDINGS The study showed that green tea extract has a high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity with no deleterious effect on red blood cells. The extract modifies the physical properties of the erythrocyte membrane, apparently by binding to its hydrophilic region, with consequent rigidity of the hydrophobic region, increased hydration and a moderate increase in its resistance to changes in tonicity of the medium. Because the extract's components anchor in the polar region of membrane lipids, they are able to effectively scavenge free radicals in the immediate vicinity of the membrane and hinder their diffusion into its interior. SIGNIFICANCE Green tea supplement at concentrations markedly exceeding the blood plasma physiological polyphenol concentrations has no destructive effect on the erythrocyte membrane. Due to the high content of flavan-3-ols, the supplement exhibits high biological activity, which makes it an alternative source of those substances to the commonly used infusion of green tea leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cyboran
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - P Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Oszmiański
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - H Kleszczyńska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract
A well known, epidemiologically reproducible risk factor for human carcinomas is the long-term consumption of "red meat" of mammalian origin. Although multiple theories have attempted to explain this human-specific association, none have been conclusively proven. We used an improved method to survey common foods for free and glycosidically bound forms of the nonhuman sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), showing that it is highly and selectively enriched in red meat. The bound form of Neu5Gc is bioavailable, undergoing metabolic incorporation into human tissues, despite being a foreign antigen. Interactions of this antigen with circulating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies could potentially incite inflammation. Indeed, when human-like Neu5Gc-deficient mice were fed bioavailable Neu5Gc and challenged with anti-Neu5Gc antibodies, they developed evidence of systemic inflammation. Such mice are already prone to develop occasional tumors of the liver, an organ that can incorporate dietary Neu5Gc. Neu5Gc-deficient mice immunized against Neu5Gc and fed bioavailable Neu5Gc developed a much higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas, with evidence of Neu5Gc accumulation. Taken together, our data provide an unusual mechanistic explanation for the epidemiological association between red meat consumption and carcinoma risk. This mechanism might also contribute to other chronic inflammatory processes epidemiologically associated with red meat consumption.
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Gastardelo TS, Cunha BR, Raposo LS, Maniglia JV, Cury PM, Lisoni FCR, Tajara EH, Oliani SM. Inflammation and cancer: role of annexin A1 and FPR2/ALX in proliferation and metastasis in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111317. [PMID: 25490767 PMCID: PMC4260827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) has been associated with cancer progression and metastasis, suggesting its role in regulating tumor cell proliferation. We investigated the mechanism of ANXA1 interaction with formylated peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) in control, peritumoral and tumor larynx tissue samples from 20 patients, to quantitate the neutrophils and mast cells, and to evaluate the protein expression and co-localization of ANXA1/FPR2 in these inflammatory cells and laryngeal squamous cells by immunocytochemistry. In addition, we performed in vitro experiments to further investigate the functional role of ANXA1/FPR2 in the proliferation and metastasis of Hep-2 cells, a cell line from larynx epidermoid carcinoma, after treatment with ANXA12–26 (annexin A1 N-terminal-derived peptide), Boc2 (antagonist of FPR) and/or dexamethasone. Under these treatments, the level of Hep-2 cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, ANXA1/FPR2 co-localization, and the prostaglandin signalling were analyzed using ELISA, immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR. An influx of neutrophils and degranulated mast cells was detected in tumor samples. In these inflammatory cells of peritumoral and tumor samples, ANXA1/FPR2 expression was markedly exacerbated, however, in laryngeal carcinoma cells, this expression was down-regulated. ANXA12–26 treatment reduced the proliferation of the Hep-2 cells, an effect that was blocked by Boc2, and up-regulated ANXA1/FPR2 expression. ANXA12–26 treatment also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and affected the expression of metalloproteinases and EP receptors, which are involved in the prostaglandin signalling. Overall, this study identified potential roles for the molecular mechanism of the ANXA1/FPR2 interaction in laryngeal cancer, including its relationship with the prostaglandin pathway, providing promising starting points for future research. ANXA1 may contribute to the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis through paracrine mechanisms that are mediated by FPR2/ALX. These data may lead to new biological targets for therapeutic intervention in human laryngeal cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Annexin A1/chemistry
- Annexin A1/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Degranulation/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Humans
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/immunology
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mast Cells/cytology
- Mast Cells/drug effects
- Metalloproteases/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Prostaglandins/metabolism
- Receptors, Formyl Peptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Lipoxin/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Santana Gastardelo
- From the Post-graduation in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine (EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Rodrigues Cunha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Sérgio Raposo
- Department of Otorhinolaringology, Faculty of Medicine (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Victor Maniglia
- Department of Otorhinolaringology, Faculty of Medicine (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maluf Cury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eloiza Helena Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia Maria Oliani
- From the Post-graduation in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine (EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Kwak DH, Moussavou G, Lee JH, Heo SY, Ko K, Hwang KA, Jekal SJ, Choo YK. Growth suppression of colorectal cancer by plant-derived multiple mAb CO17-1A × BR55 via inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21105-19. [PMID: 25405740 PMCID: PMC4264215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have generated the transgenic Tabaco plants expressing multiple monoclonal antibody (mAb) CO7-1A × BR55 by cross-pollinating with mAb CO17-1A and mAb BR55. We have demonstrated the anti-cancer effect of plant-derived multiple mAb CO17-1A × BR55. We find that co-treatment of colorectal mAbs (anti-epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM), plant-derived monoclonal antibody (mAb(P)) CO17-1A and mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55) with RAW264.7 cells significantly inhibited the cell growth in SW620 cancer cells. In particular, multi mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 significantly and efficiently suppressed the growth of SW620 cancer cells compared to another mAbs. Apoptotic death-positive cells were significantly increased in the mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55-treated. The mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 treatment significantly decreased the expression of B-Cell lymphoma-2 (BCl-2), but the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 were markedly increased. In vivo, the mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 significantly and efficiently inhibited the growth of colon tumors compared to another mAbs. The apoptotic cell death and inhibition of pro-apoptotic proteins expression were highest by treatment with mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55. In addition, the mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 significantly inhibited the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in cancer cells and tumors. Therefore, this study results suggest that multiple mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 has a significant effect on apoptosis-mediated anticancer by suppression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in colon cancer compared to another mAbs. In light of these results, further clinical investigation should be conducted on mAb(P) CO17-1A × BR55 to determine its possible chemopreventive and/or therapeutic efficacy against human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Kwak
- Institute of Glycoscience, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Ghislain Moussavou
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Ju Hyoung Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Sung Youn Heo
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-ro 84, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea.
| | - Seung-Joo Jekal
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan zipcode, Korea.
| | - Young-Kug Choo
- Institute of Glycoscience, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
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Moussavou G, Kwak DH, Obiang-Obonou BW, Maranguy CAO, Dinzouna-Boutamba SD, Lee DH, Pissibanganga OGM, Ko K, Seo JI, Choo YK. Anticancer effects of different seaweeds on human colon and breast cancers. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4898-911. [PMID: 25255129 PMCID: PMC4178489 DOI: 10.3390/md12094898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seafoods and seaweeds represent some of the most important reservoirs of new therapeutic compounds for humans. Seaweed has been shown to have several biological activities, including anticancer activity. This review focuses on colorectal and breast cancers, which are major causes of cancer-related mortality in men and women. It also describes various compounds extracted from a range of seaweeds that have been shown to eradicate or slow the progression of cancer. Fucoidan extracted from the brown algae Fucus spp. has shown activity against both colorectal and breast cancers. Furthermore, we review the mechanisms through which these compounds can induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. By considering the ability of compounds present in seaweeds to act against colorectal and breast cancers, this review highlights the potential use of seaweeds as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Moussavou
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Dong Hoon Kwak
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Cyr Abel Ogandaga Maranguy
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Dae Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Jae In Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Veritas D, Yonsei International Campus, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Korea.
| | - Young Kug Choo
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
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Yang Y, Burke RV, Jeon CY, Chang SC, Chang PY, Morgenstern H, Tashkin DP, Mao J, Cozen W, Mack TM, Rao J, Zhang ZF. Polymorphisms of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and survival of lung cancer and upper aero-digestive tract cancers. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:449-56. [PMID: 25043640 PMCID: PMC4143535 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcriptional factors involved in several biological processes such as inflammation, cancer growth, progression and apoptosis that are important in lung and upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancer outcomes. Nonetheless, there are no published studies of the relationship between PPARs gene polymorphisms and survival of patients with lung cancer or UADT cancers. METHODS 1212 cancer patients (611 lung, 303 oral, 100 pharyngeal, 90 laryngeal, and 108 esophageal) were followed for a median duration of 11 years. We genotyped three potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using Taqman - rs3734254 of the gene PPARD and rs10865710 and rs1801282 of the gene PPARG - and investigated their associations with lung and UADT cancer survival using Cox regression. A semi-Bayesian shrinkage approach was used to reduce the potential for false positive findings when examining multiple associations. RESULTS The variant homozygote CC (vs. TT) of PPARD rs3734254 was inversely associated with mortality of both lung cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.42, 0.96) and UADT cancers (aHR=0.51, 95% CI=0.27, 0.99). Use of the semi-Bayesian shrinkage approach yielded a posterior aHR for lung cancer of 0.66 (95% posterior limits=0.44, 0.98) and a posterior aHR for UADT cancers of 0.58 (95% posterior limits=0.33, 1.03). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lung-cancer patients with the CC variant of PPARD rs3734254 may have a survival advantage over lung-cancer patients with other gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rita V Burke
- Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christie Y Jeon
- Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shen-Chih Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Po-Yin Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, & Metabolism, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology, Environmental Health Sciences, and Urology, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald P Tashkin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Mao
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, New Mexico VA Healthcare System, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas M Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jianyu Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Kundu J, Choi BY, Jeong CH, Kundu JK, Chun KS. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT116 cells through inactivation of STAT3 by blocking JAK2- and Src‑mediated phosphorylation of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:821-8. [PMID: 24890449 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), a compound isolated from black seed oil (Nigella sativa), has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of TQ remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that TQ significantly reduced the viability of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of cells with TQ induced apoptosis, which was associated with the upregulation of Bax and inhibition of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl expression. TQ also activated caspase-9,-7, and -3, and induced the cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, abrogated TQ-induced apoptosis by blocking the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP. Treatment of cells with TQ also diminished the constitutive phosphorylation, nuclear localization and the reporter gene activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). TQ attenuated the expression of STAT3 target gene products, such as survivin, c-Myc, and cyclin-D1, -D2, and enhanced the expression of cell cycle inhibitory proteins p27 and p21. Treatment with TQ attenuated the phosphorylation of upstream kinases, such as Janus-activated kinase-2 (JAK2), Src kinase and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 and Src blunted tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR and STAT3, while treatment with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 without affecting that of JAK2 and Src in HCT116 cells. Collectively, our study revealed that TQ induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells by blocking STAT3 signaling via inhibition of JAK2- and Src-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthika Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-7472, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joydeb Kumar Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
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Kundu J, Chun KS, Aruoma OI, Kundu JK. Mechanistic perspectives on cancer chemoprevention/chemotherapeutic effects of thymoquinone. Mutat Res 2014; 768:22-34. [PMID: 25847385 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The bioactive natural products (plant secondary metabolites) are widely known to possess therapeutic value for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases including cancer. Thymoquinone (2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone; TQ), a monoterpene present in black cumin seeds, exhibits pleiotropic pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antitumor effects. TQ inhibits experimental carcinogenesis in a wide range of animal models and has been shown to arrest the growth of various cancer cells in culture as well as xenograft tumors in vivo. The mechanistic basis of anticancer effects of TQ includes the inhibition of carcinogen metabolizing enzyme activity and oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules, attenuation of inflammation, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells, blockade of tumor angiogenesis, and suppression of migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. TQ shows synergistic and/or potentiating anticancer effects when combined with clinically used chemotherapeutic agents. At the molecular level, TQ targets various components of intracellular signaling pathways, particularly a variety of upstream kinases and transcription factors, which are aberrantly activated during the course of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthika Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 704 701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 704 701, Republic of Korea
| | - Okezie I Aruoma
- School of Pharmacy, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA 90755, USA.
| | - Joydeb Kumar Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 704 701, Republic of Korea.
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Odagiri H, Kadomatsu T, Endo M, Masuda T, Morioka MS, Fukuhara S, Miyamoto T, Kobayashi E, Miyata K, Aoi J, Horiguchi H, Nishimura N, Terada K, Yakushiji T, Manabe I, Mochizuki N, Mizuta H, Oike Y. The secreted protein ANGPTL2 promotes metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through integrin α5β1, p38 MAPK, and matrix metalloproteinases. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra7. [PMID: 24448647 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment can enhance the invasive capacity of tumor cells. We showed that expression of angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) in osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines increased and the methylation of its promoter decreased with time when grown as xenografts in mice compared with culture. Compared with cells grown in normal culture conditions, the expression of genes encoding DNA demethylation-related enzymes increased in tumor cells implanted into mice or grown in hypoxic, serum-starved culture conditions. ANGPTL2 expression in OS cell lines correlated with increased tumor metastasis and decreased animal survival by promoting tumor cell intravasation mediated by the integrin α5β1, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and matrix metalloproteinases. The tolloid-like 1 (TLL1) protease cleaved ANGPTL2 into fragments in vitro that did not enhance tumor progression when overexpressed in xenografts. Expression of TLL1 was weak in OS patient tumors, suggesting that ANGPTL2 may not be efficiently cleaved upon secretion from OS cells. These findings demonstrate that preventing ANGPTL2 signaling stimulated by the tumor microenvironment could inhibit tumor cell migration and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Odagiri
- 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Dallaglio K, Bruno A, Cantelmo AR, Esposito AI, Ruggiero L, Orecchioni S, Calleri A, Bertolini F, Pfeffer U, Noonan DM, Albini A. Paradoxic effects of metformin on endothelial cells and angiogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1055-66. [PMID: 24419232 PMCID: PMC4004203 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of metformin on the mechanisms of angiogenesis. We show that metformin, particularly in the context of obesity, inhibits angiogenesis in vivo yet shows a contradictory effect on angiogenesis-related genes and proteins that involve AMPK. The biguanide metformin is used in type 2 diabetes management and has gained significant attention as a potential cancer preventive agent. Angioprevention represents a mechanism of chemoprevention, yet conflicting data concerning the antiangiogenic action of metformin have emerged. Here, we clarify some of the contradictory effects of metformin on endothelial cells and angiogenesis, using in vitro and in vivo assays combined with transcriptomic and protein array approaches. Metformin inhibits formation of capillary-like networks by endothelial cells; this effect is partially dependent on the energy sensor adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as shown by small interfering RNA knockdown. Gene expression profiling of human umbilical vein endothelial cells revealed a paradoxical modulation of several angiogenesis-associated genes and proteins by metformin, with short-term induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 and CXC chemokine receptor 4 at the messenger RNA level and downregulation of ADAMTS1. Antibody array analysis shows an essentially opposite regulation of numerous angiogenesis-associated proteins in endothelial and breast cancer cells including interleukin-8, angiogenin and TIMP-1, as well as selective regulation of angiopioetin-1, -2, endoglin and others. Endothelial cell production of the cytochrome P450 member CYP1B1 is upregulated by tumor cell supernatants in an AMPK-dependent manner, metformin blocks this effect. Metformin inhibits VEGF-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and the inhibition of AMPK activity abrogates this event. Metformin hinders angiogenesis in matrigel pellets in vivo, prevents the microvessel density increase observed in obese mice on a high-fat diet, downregulating the number of white adipose tissue endothelial precursor cells. Our data show that metformin has an antiangiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo associated with a contradictory short-term enhancement of pro-angiogenic mediators, as well as with a differential regulation in endothelial and breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuscia Dallaglio
- Department of Research and Statistics Infrastructure, IRCCS "Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia"Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Li C, Lee PS, Sun Y, Gu X, Zhang E, Guo Y, Wu CL, Auricchio N, Priolo C, Li J, Csibi A, Parkhitko A, Morrison T, Planaguma A, Kazani S, Israel E, Xu KF, Henske EP, Blenis J, Levy BD, Kwiatkowski D, Yu JJ. Estradiol and mTORC2 cooperate to enhance prostaglandin biosynthesis and tumorigenesis in TSC2-deficient LAM cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:15-28. [PMID: 24395886 PMCID: PMC3892971 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive neoplastic disorder that leads to lung destruction and respiratory failure primarily in women. LAM is typically caused by tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) mutations resulting in mTORC1 activation in proliferative smooth muscle-like cells in the lung. The female predominance of LAM suggests that estradiol contributes to disease development. Metabolomic profiling identified an estradiol-enhanced prostaglandin biosynthesis signature in Tsc2-deficient (TSC(-)) cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Estradiol increased the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, which was also increased at baseline in TSC-deficient cells and was not affected by rapamycin treatment. However, both Torin 1 treatment and Rictor knockdown led to reduced COX-2 expression and phospho-Akt-S473. Prostaglandin production was also increased in TSC-deficient cells. In preclinical models, both Celecoxib and aspirin reduced tumor development. LAM patients had significantly higher serum prostaglandin levels than healthy women. 15-epi-lipoxin-A4 was identified in exhaled breath condensate from LAM subjects and was increased by aspirin treatment, indicative of functional COX-2 expression in the LAM airway. In vitro, 15-epi-lipoxin-A4 reduced the proliferation of LAM patient-derived cells in a dose-dependent manner. Targeting COX-2 and prostaglandin pathways may have therapeutic value in LAM and TSC-related diseases, and possibly in other conditions associated with mTOR hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 2 Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Chen J, Song H, Ruan J, Lei Y. Prostatic protective nature of the flavonoid-rich fraction from Cyclosorus acuminatus on carrageenan-induced non-bacterial prostatitis in rat. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 52:491-497. [PMID: 24256126 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.846914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Context: Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai (Thelypteridaceae) is used in Chinese traditional medicine for inflammation and pyretic stranguria. Objective: This study investigates the prostatic protective potential of the flavonoid-rich [(2S)-5,7,5'-trihydroxyflavanone glycosides] fraction from C. acuminatus (FCA). Materials and methods: Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNBP) was induced by injecting 20 μl of 1% carrageenan into the rat prostate. Subsequently, FCA (150 or 300 mg/kg/d) was orally given once a day for 4 weeks. Finally, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the prostatic expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were evaluated. Results: Treatment with 300 mg/kg/d FCA ameliorated the carrageenan-induced higher prostatic index (PI) state and proinflammatory cytokines levels (NFκB from 2602 ± 588 to 1348 ± 300 pg/ml, TNF-α from 151.6 ± 10.4 to 126.0 ± 3.52 pg/ml, IL-1β from 153.7 ± 14.8 to 63.9 ± 6.7 pg/ml, COX-2 from 313.3 ± 16.5 to 263.1 ± 15.1 pg/ml, PGE from 1532 ± 130 to 864 ± 126 pg/ml, NOS from 33.7 ± 3.0 to 23.6 ± 1.6 U/mg protein, and NO from 40.3 ± 2.9 to 27.1 ± 2.9 μmol/g protein) as well as regulated the prostatic expression of PPAR-γ (increased about 3.50-fold) when compared to the rat model of prostatitis. Discussion and conclusion: FCA could exert a prostatic protective response via modulating the prostatic expression of PPAR-γ and eventually alleviating the NFκB dependent inflammatory response.
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Zhang X, Lee SH, Min KW, McEntee MF, Jeong JB, Li Q, Baek SJ. The involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the suppression of colorectal tumorigenesis by tolfenamic acid. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:1337-47. [PMID: 24104354 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid has been shown to suppress cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis in different cancer models. However, the underlying mechanism by which tolfenamic acid exerts its antitumorigenic effect remains unclear. Previous data from our group and others indicate that tolfenamic acid alters expression of apoptosis- and cell-cycle arrest-related genes in colorectal cancer cells. Here, we show that tolfenamic acid markedly reduced the number of polyps and tumor load in APC(min)(/+) mice, accompanied with cyclin D1 downregulation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, tolfenamic acid promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway, of which PERK-mediated phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) induces the repression of cyclin D1 translation. Moreover, the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 branch of the UPR pathway plays a role in tolfenamic acid-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells, as silencing ATF4 attenuates tolfenamic acid-induced apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest ER stress is involved in tolfenamic acid-induced inhibition of colorectal cancer cell growth, which could contribute to antitumorigenesis in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4542. Phone: 865-974-8216; Fax: 865-974-5616; ; Qingwang Li, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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