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Barrett J, Leysen S, Galmiche C, Al-Mossawi H, Bowness P, Edwards TE, Lawson AD. Chimeric antigens displaying GPR65 extracellular loops on a soluble scaffold enabled the discovery of antibodies, which recognized native receptor. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2299522. [PMID: 38184821 PMCID: PMC10773626 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2299522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
GPR65 is a proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptor associated with multiple immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, whose function is relatively poorly understood. With few reagents commercially available to probe the biology of receptor, generation of an anti-GPR65 monoclonal antibody was desired. Using soluble chimeric scaffolds, such as ApoE3, displaying the extracellular loops of GPR65, together with established phage display technology, native GPR65 loop-specific antibodies were identified. Phage-derived loop-binding antibodies recognized the wild-type native receptor to which they had not previously been exposed, generating confidence in the use of chimeric soluble proteins to act as efficient surrogates for membrane protein extracellular loop antigens. This technique provides promise for the rational design of chimeric antigens in facilitating the discovery of specific antibodies to GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Barrett
- UK Research Department, UCB Pharma, Slough, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Hussein Al-Mossawi
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Bowness
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rom H, Snir Y, Schwartz N, Hodak E, Leshem YA. The association between atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease in adults: A cross-sectional study in a specialized atopic dermatitis clinic. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:1357-1363. [PMID: 38126614 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) share genetic susceptibility loci with immune regulation functions. Atopic dermatitis was associated with IBD mostly in database studies. OBJECTIVE To assess whether AD is associated with an increased prevalence of IBD in a tertiary dermatology clinic. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional analysis using medical records of adults with verified AD followed up at an AD clinic, compared with age- and sex-matched (1:2) controls from the general dermatology clinic in the same hospital. RESULTS Overall, 9/364 (2.47%) of patients with AD had verified IBD, compared with 7/725 (0.97%) of controls (p = 0.0512). In multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, gender and smoking, the association became significant (adjusted OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 1.28-11.85). Stratified for AD severity, only moderate-to-severe AD was associated with IBD (p = 0.035), with an adjusted OR of 4.45 (95% CI: 1.43-13.90). Mild AD was not associated with IBD, but the study was not powered for this sub-analysis. In the AD group, older age was associated with IBD (p = 0.0172). CONCLUSION This study, in a robustly verified cohort of patients, supports an association between AD, especially the moderate-to-severe forms, and IBD. A multidisciplinary approach for patients with moderate-to-severe AD should extend to consider IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rom
- Department of Dermatology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Y Snir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Schwartz
- School of Public Health University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Hodak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Y A Leshem
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Rosenberg FM, van der Most PJ, Loman L, Kamali Z, Dittmar D, Snieder H, Schuttelaar MLA. A genome-wide association study of hand eczema identifies locus 20q13.33 and reveals genetic overlap with atopic dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38924601 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twin studies revealed that genetic effects play a role in hand eczema (HE), but the responsible genetic factors are unknown. OBJECTIVES To identify and characterise genetic loci associated with HE and to provide insight into the genetic overlap between HE and atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS We used questionnaire-derived and genotype data from the European population-based Lifelines cohort and biobank. We performed a discovery genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HE (2879 cases and 16 249 controls) and of AD (1706 cases and 17 190 controls). We replicated our findings in an independent Lifelines sample for HE (1188 cases and 6431 controls) and AD (757 cases and 6747 controls). We conducted several post-GWAS analyses and performed genetic correlation analyses between our HE results and independent AD data. RESULTS The two-step GWAS of HE, regardless of adjusting for AD, identified one independent locus 20q13.33, likely driven by a number of causal single-nucleotide polymorphisms. For the AD GWAS, we replicated a known stop-gained rs61816761 at locus 1q21.3 (FLG, FLGAS1). We found a strong genetic correlation (p < 0.01) between HE and AD (rg = 0.65), regardless of adjusting for AD (rg = 0.63). CONCLUSIONS Locus 20q13.33 is associated with HE, and there is a large genetic overlap between HE and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fieke M Rosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Loman
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zoha Kamali
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Daan Dittmar
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie L A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chen PY, Shen M, Cai SQ, Tang ZW. Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Aging: Clinical Observations and Underlying Mechanisms. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3433-3448. [PMID: 38828054 PMCID: PMC11144009 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s467099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases, atopic dermatitis (AD) increasingly affects the aging population. Amid the ongoing global aging trend, it's essential to recognize the intricate relationship between AD and aging. This paper reviews existing knowledge, summarizing clinical observations of associations between AD and aging-related diseases in various systems, including endocrine, cardiovascular, and neurological. Additionally, it discusses major theories explaining the correlation, encompassing skin-mucosal barriers, systemic inflammation and stress, genes, signal transduction, and environmental and behavioral factors. The association between AD and aging holds significant importance, both in population and basic perspectives. While further research is warranted, this paper aims to inspire deeper exploration of inflammation/allergy-aging dynamics and the timely management of elderly patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minxue Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sui-Qing Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Wei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China
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Saheb Kashaf S, Kong HH. Adding Fuel to the Fire? The Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:969-977. [PMID: 38530677 PMCID: PMC11034722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous disease characterized by epidermal barrier dysfunction, immune system dysregulation, and skin microbiome alterations. Skin microbiome studies in AD have demonstrated that disease flares are associated with microbial shifts, particularly Staphylococcus aureus predominance. AD-associated S. aureus strains differ from those in healthy individuals across various genomic loci, including virulence factors, adhesion proteins, and proinflammatory molecules-which may contribute to complex microbiome barrier-immune system interactions in AD. Different microbially based treatments for AD have been explored, and their future therapeutic successes will depend on a deeper understanding of the potential microbial contributions to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Saheb Kashaf
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Heidi H Kong
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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6
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Schuler CF, Tsoi LC, Billi AC, Harms PW, Weidinger S, Gudjonsson JE. Genetic and Immunological Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:954-968. [PMID: 38085213 PMCID: PMC11040454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 immune-mediated diseases give a clear answer to the issue of nature (genetics) versus nurture (environment). Both genetics and environment play vital complementary roles in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). As a key component of the atopic march, AD demonstrates the interactive nature of genetic and environmental contributions to atopy. From sequence variants in the epithelial barrier gene encoding FLG to the hygiene hypothesis, AD combines a broad array of contributions into a single syndrome. This review will focus on the genetic contribution to AD and where genetics facilitates the elicitation or enhancement of AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F Schuler
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Kim JW, Kim MJ, Paik K, Kim BR, Choi CW, Na JI. Genome-wide Association Study of Susceptibility Loci for Self-Reported Atopic Dermatitis and Allergic Rhinitis in the Korean Population. Ann Dermatol 2024; 36:74-80. [PMID: 38576245 PMCID: PMC10995615 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases include atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis (AR), which are chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorders of the skin or mucosa that usually accompany immunoglobulin E-mediated immune responses. They are complex, multifactorial diseases with an etiology involving interactions between genetic and environmental factors. OBJECTIVE We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with allergic diseases in the Korean population. METHODS A total of 8,840 samples were obtained from the Korean Association Resource Consortium dataset of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Ansan-Anseong cohort. The allergic disease phenotype was determined based on self-reported physician diagnoses. After quality control, 8,823 subjects with 877,242 variants remained for the final analysis. The GWAS was performed using logistic regression analysis in an additive model adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS A total of 636 patients with allergic disease and 8,176 controls were analyzed. Three SNPs were associated with allergic disease at a level of genome-wide suggestive significance (p<1.0×10-5) in the Korean population: rs7275360, located in neural cell adhesion molecule 2; rs698195; and rs3750552, located in family with sequence similarity 189, member A2. These polymorphisms were on chromosomes 21q21.1, 7q31.1, and 9q21.12, respectively. CONCLUSION We identified 3 novel SNPs significantly associated with allergic diseases in the Korean population. Further research is required to confirm the association between these novel SNPs and allergic disease in the Korean population and in other ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Woo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyungho Paik
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Bo Ri Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chong Won Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jung-Im Na
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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von Kobyletzki L, Henrohn D, Ballardini N, Neary MP, Ortsäter G, Rieem Dun A, Geale K, Lindberg I, Theodosiou G, Neregård P, De Geer A, Cha A, Cappelleri JC, Thyssen JP. Comorbidities in childhood atopic dermatitis: A population-based study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:354-364. [PMID: 37824103 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is associated with allergic comorbidities. However, studies examining comorbidities in childhood AD are incomplete, which may contribute to suboptimal care. OBJECTIVE The objective was to compare the risk of developing different allergic and non-allergic comorbidities among children with AD to that of a matched non-AD reference cohort in Sweden. METHODS This was a nationwide population-based cohort study using longitudinal data from primary and specialist care registers. Patients with AD were identified by confirmed diagnosis in primary or specialist care. The non-AD reference cohort was randomly drawn from the general population and matched 1:1 with the AD patients. The risk of developing the following conditions was evaluated: hypersensitivity and allergic disorders, neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, infections, immunological and inflammatory disorders, Type 1 diabetes (T1D), endocrine and metabolic disorders, skeletal disorders, ocular disorders and malignancies. RESULTS This study included 165,145 patients with AD (mild-to-moderate [n = 126,681] and severe [n = 38,464]) and an equally sized reference cohort. Patients with AD displayed a higher risk of developing comorbid conditions for all investigated categories, except for T1D and skeletal disorders, compared with the reference cohort. The highest risk compared with the reference cohort was observed for hypersensitivity and allergic disorders (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.87), followed by malignancies (HR: 2.53) and immunological and inflammatory disorders (HR: 2.36). Patients with AD also had higher risk of developing multiple comorbidities (≥2). The risk of comorbidity onset increased alongside AD severity and patients with active AD were associated with increased risk of comorbidity onset compared with patients in remission. CONCLUSIONS The clinical burden of AD is substantial for children with AD and patients are at an increased risk of developing several comorbid conditions extending beyond the atopic march. Our results also showed a positive association between worsening severity of AD and an increased risk of comorbidity onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura von Kobyletzki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dan Henrohn
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natalia Ballardini
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Sexual Health, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maureen P Neary
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Kirk Geale
- Quantify Research AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Petra Neregård
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna De Geer
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amy Cha
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph C Cappelleri
- Global Biometrics and Data Management (Statistics), Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Budu-Aggrey A, Kilanowski A, Sobczyk MK, Shringarpure SS, Mitchell R, Reis K, Reigo A, Mägi R, Nelis M, Tanaka N, Brumpton BM, Thomas LF, Sole-Navais P, Flatley C, Espuela-Ortiz A, Herrera-Luis E, Lominchar JVT, Bork-Jensen J, Marenholz I, Arnau-Soler A, Jeong A, Fawcett KA, Baurecht H, Rodriguez E, Alves AC, Kumar A, Sleiman PM, Chang X, Medina-Gomez C, Hu C, Xu CJ, Qi C, El-Heis S, Titcombe P, Antoun E, Fadista J, Wang CA, Thiering E, Wu B, Kress S, Kothalawala DM, Kadalayil L, Duan J, Zhang H, Hadebe S, Hoffmann T, Jorgenson E, Choquet H, Risch N, Njølstad P, Andreassen OA, Johansson S, Almqvist C, Gong T, Ullemar V, Karlsson R, Magnusson PKE, Szwajda A, Burchard EG, Thyssen JP, Hansen T, Kårhus LL, Dantoft TM, Jeanrenaud ACSN, Ghauri A, Arnold A, Homuth G, Lau S, Nöthen MM, Hübner N, Imboden M, Visconti A, Falchi M, Bataille V, Hysi P, Ballardini N, Boomsma DI, Hottenga JJ, Müller-Nurasyid M, Ahluwalia TS, Stokholm J, Chawes B, Schoos AMM, Esplugues A, Bustamante M, Raby B, Arshad S, German C, Esko T, Milani LA, Metspalu A, Terao C, Abuabara K, Løset M, Hveem K, Jacobsson B, Pino-Yanes M, Strachan DP, Grarup N, Linneberg A, Lee YA, Probst-Hensch N, Weidinger S, Jarvelin MR, Melén E, Hakonarson H, Irvine AD, Jarvis D, Nijsten T, Duijts L, Vonk JM, Koppelmann GH, Godfrey KM, Barton SJ, Feenstra B, Pennell CE, Sly PD, Holt PG, Williams LK, Bisgaard H, Bønnelykke K, Curtin J, Simpson A, Murray C, Schikowski T, Bunyavanich S, Weiss ST, Holloway JW, Min JL, Brown SJ, Standl M, Paternoster L. European and multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of atopic dermatitis highlights importance of systemic immune regulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6172. [PMID: 37794016 PMCID: PMC10550990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition and prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 71 associated loci. In the current study we conducted the largest AD GWAS to date (discovery N = 1,086,394, replication N = 3,604,027), combining previously reported cohorts with additional available data. We identified 81 loci (29 novel) in the European-only analysis (which all replicated in a separate European analysis) and 10 additional loci in the multi-ancestry analysis (3 novel). Eight variants from the multi-ancestry analysis replicated in at least one of the populations tested (European, Latino or African), while two may be specific to individuals of Japanese ancestry. AD loci showed enrichment for DNAse I hypersensitivity and eQTL associations in blood. At each locus we prioritised candidate genes by integrating multi-omic data. The implicated genes are predominantly in immune pathways of relevance to atopic inflammation and some offer drug repurposing opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Budu-Aggrey
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Anna Kilanowski
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria K Sobczyk
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | | | - Ruth Mitchell
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Kadri Reis
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Reigo
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Core Facility of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nao Tanaka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben M Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pol Sole-Navais
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Flatley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Espuela-Ortiz
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Esther Herrera-Luis
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jesus V T Lominchar
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Ingo Marenholz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleix Arnau-Soler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ayoung Jeong
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katherine A Fawcett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hansjorg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Patrick M Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, 222 Berkley Street, Boston, 02116, USA
| | - Xiao Chang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Hu
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cancan Qi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah El-Heis
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip Titcombe
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elie Antoun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - João Fadista
- Department of Bioinformatics & Data Mining, Måløv, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Baojun Wu
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Sara Kress
- Environmental Epidemiology of Lung, Brain and Skin Aging, IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dilini M Kothalawala
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Latha Kadalayil
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jiasong Duan
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sabelo Hadebe
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Neil Risch
- Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Pål Njølstad
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Lung and Allergy Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tong Gong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilhelmina Ullemar
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agnieszka Szwajda
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Line L Kårhus
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Dantoft
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alexander C S N Jeanrenaud
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahla Ghauri
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Arnold
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Susanne Lau
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology, and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research & Genetics Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetics Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Veronique Bataille
- Department of Twin Research & Genetics Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
- Dermatology Department, West Herts NHS Trust, Watford, UK
| | - Pirro Hysi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetics Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Natalia Ballardini
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO), VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jouke J Hottenga
- Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann-Marie M Schoos
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Ana Esplugues
- Nursing School, University of Valencia, FISABIO-University Jaume I-University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, CIBERESP, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Syed Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| | | | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili A Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Applied Genetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katrina Abuabara
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mari Løset
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic of Orthopaedy, Rheumatology and Dermatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health,Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Human Genetics and Pulmonary Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Alan D Irvine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council and Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelmann
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sheila J Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, 4101, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Curtin
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England
| | - Clare Murray
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- Environmental Epidemiology of Lung, Brain and Skin Aging, Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Supinda Bunyavanich
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Josine L Min
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Sara J Brown
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
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10
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Vaher H, Kingo K, Kolberg P, Pook M, Raam L, Laanesoo A, Remm A, Tenson T, Alasoo K, Mrowietz U, Weidinger S, Kingo K, Rebane A. Skin Colonization with S. aureus Can Lead to Increased NLRP1 Inflammasome Activation in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1268-1278.e8. [PMID: 36736455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of NLRP1 inflammasome activation and subsequent production of IL-1 family cytokines in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) is not clearly understood. Staphylococcus aureus is known to be associated with increased mRNA levels of IL1 family cytokines in the skin and more severe AD. In this study, the altered expression of IL-1 family cytokines and inflammasome-related genes was confirmed, and a positive relationship between mRNA levels of inflammasome sensor NLRP1 and IL1B or IL18 was determined. Enhanced expression of the NLRP1 and PYCARD proteins and increased caspase-1 activity were detected in the skin of patients with AD. The genetic association of IL18R1 and IL18RAP with AD was confirmed, and the involvement of various immune cell types was predicted using published GWAS and expression quantitative trait loci datasets. In keratinocytes, the inoculation with S. aureus led to the increased secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, whereas small interfering RNA silencing of NLRP1 inhibited the production of these cytokines. Our results suggest that skin colonization with S. aureus may cause the activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome in keratinocytes, which leads to the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and thereby may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, particularly in the presence of genetic variations in the IL-18 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Vaher
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristiina Kingo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peep Kolberg
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Pook
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liisi Raam
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anet Laanesoo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Remm
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaur Alasoo
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Külli Kingo
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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11
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Lugović-Mihić L, Meštrović-Štefekov J, Potočnjak I, Cindrić T, Ilić I, Lovrić I, Skalicki L, Bešlić I, Pondeljak N. Atopic Dermatitis: Disease Features, Therapeutic Options, and a Multidisciplinary Approach. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1419. [PMID: 37374201 DOI: 10.3390/life13061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest findings regarding AD pathogenesis point to an impaired function of the epidermal barrier, changed immune response, colonization of the skin by microorganisms, and certain psychological factors among other causes/triggers. The inflammatory response of AD patients is mainly associated with the activation of T cells (Th2 cells predominate), dendritic cells, macrophages, keratinocytes, mast cells, and eosinophils. Therapy usually involves medical evaluations and adequate management including treatment of concomitant diseases (e.g., allergies and infections), patient education and nursing care, psychological support, and nutritional consultations, which are organized through specific programs and structured educational groups. Systemic AD therapy includes conventional systemic treatment (cyclosporine, methotrexate, azathioprine) and new, specific drugs, interleukin inhibitors (e.g., dupilumab) and JAK inhibitors (baricitinib, abrocitinib, upadacitinib, etc.). Since many AD patients are affected by various psychological factors and comorbidities, they should be assessed and managed through a multidisciplinary approach, involving different professions (psychologists, ear-nose-throat specialists, pulmonologists, allergologists, immunologists, nutritionists, pediatricians, gastroenterologists, psychiatrists (when necessary), and others). A multidisciplinary approach provides better coping strategies and improves control over the disease, patient adherence to therapy, and quality of life. It also has a positive influence on family quality of life while at the same time making more efficient use of dermatology healthcare resources, reducing the economic burden on both patients and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liborija Lugović-Mihić
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Meštrović-Štefekov
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ines Potočnjak
- Institute for Clinical Medical Research and Education, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Cindrić
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Ilić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivan Lovrić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Skalicki
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Bešlić
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nives Pondeljak
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, General Hospital Sisak, 44000 Sisak, Croatia
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12
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Chiricozzi A, Maurelli M, Calabrese L, Peris K, Girolomoni G. Overview of Atopic Dermatitis in Different Ethnic Groups. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2701. [PMID: 37048783 PMCID: PMC10095524 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence worldwide, including countries from Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and in different ethnic groups. In recent years, more attention has been placed on the heterogeneity of AD associated with multiple factors, including a patient's ethnic background, resulting in an increasing body of clinical, genetic, epidemiologic, and immune-phenotypic evidence that delineates differences in AD among racial groups. Filaggrin (FLG) mutations, the strongest genetic risk factor for the development of AD, are detected in up to 50% of European and 27% of Asian AD patients, but very rarely in Africans. Th2 hyperactivation is a common attribute of all ethnic groups, though the Asian endotype of AD is also characterized by an increased Th17-mediated signal, whereas African Americans show a strong Th2/Th22 signature and an absence of Th1/Th17 skewing. In addition, the ethnic heterogeneity of AD may hold important therapeutic implications as a patient's genetic predisposition may affect treatment response and, thereby, a tailored strategy that better targets the dominant immunologic pathways in each ethnic subgroup may be envisaged. Nevertheless, white patients with AD represent the largest ethnicity enrolled and tested in clinical trials and the most treated in a real-world setting, limiting investigations about safety and efficacy across different ethnicities. The purpose of this review is to describe the heterogeneity in the pathophysiology of AD across ethnicities and its potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chiricozzi
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Maurelli
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Calabrese
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ketty Peris
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
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13
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Smith B, Collier MR, Devjani S, Han G, Wu JJ. Association between atopic dermatitis and thyroid disease among U.S. adults in the 2001-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:889-891. [PMID: 36244551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - George Han
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
| | - Jashin J Wu
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.
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14
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Marenholz I, Arnau-Soler A, Rosillo-Salazar OD, Lee YA. New insights from genetic studies of eczema. MED GENET-BERLIN 2023; 35:33-45. [PMID: 38835414 PMCID: PMC10842541 DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2023-2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provided fundamental insight into the genetic determinants of complex allergic diseases. For eczema, 58 susceptibility loci were reported. Protein-changing variants were associated with eczema at genome-wide significance at 12 loci. The majority of risk variants were, however, located in non-coding, regulatory regions of the genome. Prioritized target genes were enriched in pathways of the immune response and of epithelial barrier function. Interestingly, a large overlap in the genetic architecture underlying different allergic diseases was identified pointing to common pathomechanisms for eczema, asthma, hay fever, and food allergy. Here, we review the most recent findings from GWAS for eczema including the role of rare variants and genetic heterogeneity in ethnically diverse populations. In addition, we provide an overview of genes underlying Mendelian disorders featuring eczematous skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Marenholz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Aleix Arnau-Soler
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Oscar Daniel Rosillo-Salazar
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
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15
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Segura-Ortiz A, García-Nieto J, Aldana-Montes JF, Navas-Delgado I. GENECI: A novel evolutionary machine learning consensus-based approach for the inference of gene regulatory networks. Comput Biol Med 2023; 155:106653. [PMID: 36803795 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks define the interactions between DNA products and other substances in cells. Increasing knowledge of these networks improves the level of detail with which the processes that trigger different diseases are described and fosters the development of new therapeutic targets. These networks are usually represented by graphs, and the primary sources for their correct construction are usually time series from differential expression data. The inference of networks from this data type has been approached differently in the literature. Mostly, computational learning techniques have been implemented, which have finally shown some specialization in specific datasets. For this reason, the need arises to create new and more robust strategies for reaching a consensus based on previous results to gain a particular capacity for generalization. This paper presents GENECI (GEne NEtwork Consensus Inference), an evolutionary machine learning approach that acts as an organizer for constructing ensembles to process the results of the main inference techniques reported in the literature and to optimize the consensus network derived from them, according to their confidence levels and topological characteristics. After its design, the proposal was confronted with datasets collected from academic benchmarks (DREAM challenges and IRMA network) to quantify its accuracy. Subsequently, it was applied to a real-world biological network of melanoma patients whose results could be contrasted with medical research collected in the literature. Finally, it has been proved that its ability to optimize the consensus of several networks leads to outstanding robustness and accuracy, gaining a certain generalization capacity after facing the inference of multiple datasets. The source code is hosted in a public repository at GitHub under MIT license: https://github.com/AdrianSeguraOrtiz/GENECI. Moreover, to facilitate its installation and use, the software associated with this implementation has been encapsulated in a python package available at PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/geneci/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Segura-Ortiz
- Dept. de Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, ITIS Software, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - José García-Nieto
- Dept. de Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, ITIS Software, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - José F Aldana-Montes
- Dept. de Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, ITIS Software, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ismael Navas-Delgado
- Dept. de Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación, ITIS Software, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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16
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Åkerlund S, Seifert O, Assarsson J, Jerkovic SG. Significant Association between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Atopic Dermatitis - a Retrospective Population-Based Case-Control Study. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1301a53. [PMID: 36892357 PMCID: PMC9946087 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1301a53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a global health problem. There are no data on the association of AD with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to map a wide spectrum of different diseases among patients with atopic dermatitis compared to healthy controls in the Region of Jönköping County, Sweden with special focus on OCD. METHODS We conducted a retrospective case control study from January 1st 2013 until December 31st 2021 using an electronic medical records database covering the entire population of the County of Jönköping. ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients with AD. Individuals without AD served as controls. A total number of 398,874 citizens under the age of 90 was included in this study and among these 2,946 individuals were diagnosed with AD. Regression analysis was performed to describe the risk for comorbidities in patients with AD compared to controls, adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS We found an association between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in patients with AD (adjusted odd ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.5-2.7, p<0.001). Other results are in the line with other studies. CONCLUSION Pointing to previous studies, the cause of AD and OCD share several gene-environmental mechanisms and this association should be further studied on larger populations. The results of the present study underline the need for dermatologists to be aware of OCD and to screen for this condition in AD patients because early diagnosis and treatment may improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Åkerlund
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Höglandssjukhuset Nässjö, Region Jönköping County, Sweden
| | - Oliver Seifert
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | | | - Sandra Gulin Jerkovic
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
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17
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Balato A, Zink A, Babino G, Buononato D, Kiani C, Eyerich K, Ziehfreund S, Scala E. The Impact of Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis on Quality of Life: A Literature Research on Biomarkers. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122026. [PMID: 36556392 PMCID: PMC9782020 DOI: 10.3390/life12122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis (PSO) and Atopic dermatitis (AD) are common inflammatory skin diseases that affect people of all ages globally. They negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of patients in health-related aspects such as physical, psychological and mental functioning. Here, we conducted a review of studies relating to candidate biomarkers and indicators associated with QoL impairment in PSO and AD. Data research was performed using PUBMED and SCOPUS databases from inception to September 2022. Most of the included studies reported genomic or proteomic biomarkers associated with disease activity and QoL outcomes. Sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic factors have also been implicated in deterioration of life quality in these patients. The inclusion of clinical characteristics, QoL impairment and co-diagnosis should be considered in drug development programs, since processing biomarkers based on an increased number of features in addition to drug class and disease will intensify the value of the biomarker itself, thereby maximizing the future clinical utility as a stratification tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Balato
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alexander Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graziella Babino
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Buononato
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Charlotte Kiani
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefanie Ziehfreund
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Emanuele Scala
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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18
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Hawerkamp HC, Fahy CMR, Fallon PG, Schwartz C. Break on through: The role of innate immunity and barrier defence in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. SKIN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2022; 2:e99. [PMID: 35677926 PMCID: PMC9168024 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human skin can be affected by a multitude of diseases including inflammatory conditions such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Here, we describe how skin barrier integrity and immunity become dysregulated during these two most common inflammatory skin conditions. We summarise recent advances made in the field of the skin innate immune system and its interaction with adaptive immunity. We review gene variants associated with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis that affect innate immune mechanisms and skin barrier integrity. Finally, we discuss how current and future therapies may affect innate immune responses and skin barrier integrity in a generalized or more targeted approach in order to ameliorate disease in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Hawerkamp
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - C M R Fahy
- Paediatric Dermatology Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland.,Royal United Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bath UK
| | - P G Fallon
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre Our Lady's Children's Hospital Dublin Ireland.,Clinical Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - C Schwartz
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland.,Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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19
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Eapen AA, Parameswaran S, Forney C, Edsall LE, Miller D, Donmez O, Dunn K, Lu X, Granitto M, Rowden H, Magier AZ, Pujato M, Chen X, Kaufman K, Bernstein DI, Devonshire AL, Rothenberg ME, Weirauch MT, Kottyan LC. Epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulation in CD4+ T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1009973. [PMID: 35576187 PMCID: PMC9135339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin disorders among children. Disease etiology involves genetic and environmental factors, with 29 independent AD risk loci enriched for risk allele-dependent gene expression in the skin and CD4+ T cell compartments. We investigated the potential epigenetic mechanisms responsible for the genetic susceptibility of CD4+ T cells. To understand the differences in gene regulatory activity in peripheral blood T cells in AD, we measured chromatin accessibility (an assay based on transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing, ATAC-seq), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1) binding (chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing, ChIP-seq), and gene expression levels (RNA-seq) in stimulated CD4+ T cells from subjects with active moderate-to-severe AD, as well as in age-matched non-allergic controls. Open chromatin regions in stimulated CD4+ T cells were highly enriched for AD genetic risk variants, with almost half of the AD risk loci overlapping AD-dependent ATAC-seq peaks. AD-specific open chromatin regions were strongly enriched for NF-κB DNA-binding motifs. ChIP-seq identified hundreds of NFKB1-occupied genomic loci that were AD- or control-specific. As expected, the AD-specific ChIP-seq peaks were strongly enriched for NF-κB DNA-binding motifs. Surprisingly, control-specific NFKB1 ChIP-seq peaks were not enriched for NFKB1 motifs, but instead contained motifs for other classes of human transcription factors, suggesting a mechanism involving altered indirect NFKB1 binding. Using DNA sequencing data, we identified 63 instances of altered genotype-dependent chromatin accessibility at 36 AD risk variant loci (30% of AD risk loci) that might lead to genotype-dependent gene expression. Based on these findings, we propose that CD4+ T cells respond to stimulation in an AD-specific manner, resulting in disease- and genotype-dependent chromatin accessibility alterations involving NFKB1 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A. Eapen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Carmy Forney
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lee E. Edsall
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniel Miller
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Omer Donmez
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Katelyn Dunn
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marissa Granitto
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hope Rowden
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Adam Z. Magier
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mario Pujato
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Kaufman
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Veterans Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David I. Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ashley L. Devonshire
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marc E. Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Matthew T. Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Leah C. Kottyan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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20
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de Lusignan S, Alexander H, Broderick C, Dennis J, McGovern A, Feeney C, Flohr C. Atopic dermatitis and risk of autoimmune conditions: Population-based cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:709-713. [PMID: 35469843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with immune dysregulation, but epidemiologic data on the pattern of autoimmune comorbidity in people with AD are limited. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the risk of autoimmune conditions in people newly diagnosed with AD. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis (January 2009 to December 2018), using the UK-based Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care database. We compared baseline prevalence and incidence after diagnosis of autoimmune conditions in 173,709 children and adults with new-onset AD and 694,836 age-, sex-, and general practitioner practice-matched controls. Outcomes were a composite of any autoimmune condition (Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, pernicious anemia, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune hypothyroidism, Graves disease, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, vitiligo, alopecia areata, and multiple sclerosis) and each individual autoimmune condition. RESULTS Preexisting autoimmune conditions were more common in people diagnosed with AD compared to controls (composite 5.8% vs 4.3%). Excluding people with preexisting autoimmune disease, there was an association between AD and incidence of new-onset autoimmune disease (composite adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.34). Risk was highest for more severe AD (aHR 1.99; 95% CI 1.77-2.23) than moderate AD (aHR 1.33; 95% CI 1.19-1.49) or mild AD (aHR 1.22; 95% CI 1.16-1.28). People with AD were at significantly increased risk of developing psoriatic arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, Crohn disease, vitiligo, alopecia areata, pernicious anemia, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypothyroidism (aHR range 1.17-2.06), but not other autoimmune conditions. CONCLUSION People with AD have an increased risk of multiple autoimmune conditions, especially those with more severe AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon de Lusignan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Alexander
- Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conor Broderick
- Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Dennis
- Momentum Data, Pendragon House, St Albans, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Carsten Flohr
- Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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21
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Churnosov M, Belyaeva T, Reshetnikov E, Dvornyk V, Ponomarenko I. Polymorphisms of the filaggrin gene are associated with atopic dermatitis in the Caucasian population of Central Russia. Gene 2022; 818:146219. [PMID: 35092857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Association of the filaggrin (FLG) gene with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Caucasians from Central Russia was studied in the sample of 700 patients and 612 controls. In total ten SNPs of the gene (rs61816761, rs12130219, rs77199844, rs558269137, rs4363385, rs12144049, rs471144, rs6661961, rs10888499, rs3126085), their haplotypes and interlocus interactions were analyzed using logistic regression. The functional effects of the AD risk candidate loci and their proxies (136 SNPs) were evaluated by in silico analysis. All analyzed SNPs were associated with AD: two SNPs (rs3126085 and rs12144049) manifested the independent association, nine SNPs were associated within 30 haplotypes, and seven SNPs showed interlocus interaction effects within ten most significant epistatic models. Alleles A rs3126085 and C rs12144049 were associated with a higher risk of AD according to the allelic (ORs being 1.75, pperm = 0.002 and 1.45, pperm = 0.011 respectively), additive (ORs being 1.69, pperm = 0.004 and 1.47, pperm = 0.011 respectively) and dominant (ORs being 1.79, pperm = 0.004 and 1.63, pperm = 0.005 respectively) genetic models. Three haplotypes, GT[rs3126085-rs12144049] (OR = 0.60), GGT[rs61816761-rs3126085-rs12144049] (OR = 0.59), and AWGGT[rs12130219-rs558269137-rs61816761-rs3126085-rs12144049] (OR = 0.63) demonstrated the protective effect (pperm = 0.001). The in silico analysis suggested that the AD risk variants and their proxies apparently produce various effects on 38 genes in various tissue/organs (including 20 genes in the skin). The biological process enrichment analyses suggest that the target AD candidate genes influence the formation of the cornified envelope, keratinization and cornification, and more than twenty other pathways related to skin development, programmed cell death, and regulation of water loss via skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia.
| | - Tatyana Belyaeva
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Reshetnikov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Volodymyr Dvornyk
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal University, 11533 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irina Ponomarenko
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
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22
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Rasool R, Shafi T, Bhat IA, Khursheed S, Manzoor S, Qadri Q, Shah ZA. Association of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) genetic variants with House Dust Mite sensitization in Atopic Dermatitis patients. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Oláh P, Szlávicz E, Kuchner M, Nemmer J, Zeeuwen P, Lefèvre-Utile A, Fyhrquist N, Prast-Nielsen S, Skoog T, Serra A, Rodríguez E, Raap U, Meller S, Gyulai R, Hupé P, Kere J, Levi-Schaffer F, Tsoka S, Alexander H, Nestle FO, Schröder JM, Weidinger S, van den Bogaard E, Soumelis V, Greco D, Barker J, Lauerma A, Ranki A, Andersson B, Alenius H, Homey B. INFLUENCE OF FLG LOSS-OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS IN HOST–MICROBE INTERACTIONS DURING ATOPIC SKIN INFLAMMATION. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 106:132-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Balkrishna A, Verma S, Sakat S, Joshi K, Solleti SK, Bhattacharya K, Varshney A. Comprehensive Phytochemical Profiling of Polyherbal Divya-Kayakalp-Vati and Divya-Kayakalp-Oil and Their Combined Efficacy in Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis-Like Inflammation Through Regulation of Cytokines. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:293-312. [PMID: 35237058 PMCID: PMC8882669 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s342227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that varies in signs and symptoms in different individuals. General symptoms include dryness of the skin, itching, and development of red to brownish-gray patches. Divya-Kayakalp-Vati (DKV) and -Oil (DKO) are Indian polyherbal compositions prescribed for treating inflammatory skin diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of DKV and DKO co-treatment (DKV-O) in ameliorating Oxazolone (OXA)-stimulated AD-like inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in a Swiss albino mouse model. Methods Phytochemical profiling of the DKV and DKO were done using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) QToF. Swiss albino mice were sensitized for 7 days and treated with OXA in their ear region. Stimulated and control animals were orally treated with DKV and topically with DKO. Anti-inflammatory efficacy of DKV-O was determined in OXA-treated animals through physiological, histopathological, and biochemical parameter analysis. Results DKV and DKO formulations individually contained 39 and 59 phytochemicals, respectively. Many of the phytochemicals have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. In the OXA-sensitized Swiss albino mice, combined treatment with DKV-O, and separately with Dexamethasone (positive control) significantly reduced the OXA-stimulated ear edema, biopsy weight, and epidermal thickness. DKV-O further reduced OXA-stimulated induction of inflammatory lesions, neutrophil influx, and release of Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and myeloperoxidase. Conclusion Finally, DKV-O co-treatment showed good pharmacological effects in ameliorating AD-like inflammation through the modulation of inflammatory cell influx and release of soluble mediators. Therefore, DKV-O treatment can be used as a suitable polyherbal therapeutic against AD-like inflammatory diseases. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/LpqWstFozRo
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali YogPeeth, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudeep Verma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sachin Sakat
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kheemraj Joshi
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Siva K Solleti
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali YogPeeth, Haridwar, 249 405, Uttarakhand, India
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25
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Grosche S, Marenholz I, Esparza-Gordillo J, Arnau-Soler A, Pairo-Castineira E, Rüschendorf F, Ahluwalia TS, Almqvist C, Arnold A, Baurecht H, Bisgaard H, Bønnelykke K, Brown SJ, Bustamante M, Curtin JA, Custovic A, Dharmage SC, Esplugues A, Falchi M, Fernandez-Orth D, Ferreira MAR, Franke A, Gerdes S, Gieger C, Hakonarson H, Holt PG, Homuth G, Hubner N, Hysi PG, Jarvelin MR, Karlsson R, Koppelman GH, Lau S, Lutz M, Magnusson PKE, Marks GB, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nöthen MM, Paternoster L, Pennell CE, Peters A, Rawlik K, Robertson CF, Rodriguez E, Sebert S, Simpson A, Sleiman PMA, Standl M, Stölzl D, Strauch K, Szwajda A, Tenesa A, Thompson PJ, Ullemar V, Visconti A, Vonk JM, Wang CA, Weidinger S, Wielscher M, Worth CL, Xu CJ, Lee YA. Rare variant analysis in eczema identifies exonic variants in DUSP1, NOTCH4 and SLC9A4. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6618. [PMID: 34785669 PMCID: PMC8595373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies revealed multiple common variants involved in eczema but the role of rare variants remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigate the role of rare variants in eczema susceptibility. We meta-analyze 21 study populations including 20,016 eczema cases and 380,433 controls. Rare variants are imputed with high accuracy using large population-based reference panels. We identify rare exonic variants in DUSP1, NOTCH4, and SLC9A4 to be associated with eczema. In DUSP1 and NOTCH4 missense variants are predicted to impact conserved functional domains. In addition, five novel common variants at SATB1-AS1/KCNH8, TRIB1/LINC00861, ZBTB1, TBX21/OSBPL7, and CSF2RB are discovered. While genes prioritized based on rare variants are significantly up-regulated in the skin, common variants point to immune cell function. Over 20% of the single nucleotide variant-based heritability is attributable to rare and low-frequency variants. The identified rare/low-frequency variants located in functional protein domains point to promising targets for novel therapeutic approaches to eczema. Genetic studies of eczema to date have mostly explored common genetic variation. Here, the authors perform a large meta-analysis for common and rare variants and discover 8 loci associated with eczema. Over 20% of the heritability of the condition is attributable to rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Grosche
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Marenholz
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Esparza-Gordillo
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.,GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Aleix Arnau-Soler
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erola Pairo-Castineira
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Arnold
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara J Brown
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - John A Curtin
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Lung and Heart Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ana Esplugues
- Nursing School, University of Valencia, FISABIO-University Jaume I-University of Valencia Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, CIBERESP, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Manuel A R Ferreira
- Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Lau
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Lutz
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guy B Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Rawlik
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin F Robertson
- Respiratory Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Patrick M A Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dora Stölzl
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Szwajda
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Tenesa
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Thompson
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Vilhelmina Ullemar
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Wielscher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Chen-Jian Xu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Centre for individualized infection medicine (CIIM), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. .,Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Adikusuma W, Irham LM, Chou WH, Wong HSC, Mugiyanto E, Ting J, Perwitasari DA, Chang WP, Chang WC. Drug Repurposing for Atopic Dermatitis by Integration of Gene Networking and Genomic Information. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724277. [PMID: 34721386 PMCID: PMC8548825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing skin disease. The medications for treating AD are still limited, most of them are topical corticosteroid creams or antibiotics. The current study attempted to discover potential AD treatments by integrating a gene network and genomic analytic approaches. Herein, the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) associated with AD were extracted from the GWAS catalog. We identified 70 AD-associated loci, and then 94 AD risk genes were found by extending to proximal SNPs based on r2 > 0.8 in Asian populations using HaploReg v4.1. Next, we prioritized the AD risk genes using in silico pipelines of bioinformatic analysis based on six functional annotations to identify biological AD risk genes. Finally, we expanded them according to the molecular interactions using the STRING database to find the drug target genes. Our analysis showed 27 biological AD risk genes, and they were mapped to 76 drug target genes. According to DrugBank and Therapeutic Target Database, 25 drug target genes overlapping with 53 drugs were identified. Importantly, dupilumab, which is approved for AD, was successfully identified in this bioinformatic analysis. Furthermore, ten drugs were found to be potentially useful for AD with clinical or preclinical evidence. In particular, we identified filgotinub and fedratinib, targeting gene JAK1, as potential drugs for AD. Furthermore, four monoclonal antibody drugs (lebrikizumab, tralokinumab, tocilizumab, and canakinumab) were successfully identified as promising for AD repurposing. In sum, the results showed the feasibility of gene networking and genomic information as a potential drug discovery resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirawan Adikusuma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eko Mugiyanto
- Ph. D. Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicines, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Pekalongan, Pekalongan, Indonesia
| | - Jafit Ting
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Pin Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Distler O, Ludwig RJ, Niemann S, Riemekasten G, Schreiber S. Editorial: Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:770462. [PMID: 34630441 PMCID: PMC8495129 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.770462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin, University of Lübeck, Zurich, Germany
| | - Stefan Niemann
- Research Center Borstel, Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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28
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Li Y, Xiao FL, Cheng H, Liang B, Zhou FS, Li P, Zheng XD, Sun LD, Yang S, Zhang XJ. A Common Variant at 11q23.3 Is Associated with Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:638-645. [PMID: 34609929 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many genetic variants that are risk factors for numerous immune-mediated diseases. In particular, different immune-mediated diseases have been found to share the same susceptibility loci. Therefore, exploring the genetic overlap between atopic dermatitis (AD) and other immune-mediated diseases in more detail may help identify additional shared susceptibility loci among common immune-mediated diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the 11q23.3 locus is a susceptibility locus shared among multiple immune-mediated diseases. Objective: This study was designed to investigated whether SNPs at the chromosome 11q23.3 locus are associated with AD in the Han Chinese population. Methods: In total, 16 SNPs within the 11q23.3 locus were genotyped using TaqMan assays for 1,012 AD cases and 1,362 controls. From these SNPs, we selected rs638893 with an association values of p < 5 × 10-2 for AD for further analysis in an independent replication study using the Sequenom MassARRAY system to genotype an additional (consisting of 1,288 cases and 1,380 controls). The combined analyses were performed in two stages using a meta-analytical method. Results: We identified a common variant at 11q23.3 (rs638893), that was significantly associated (p = 1.58 × 10-3, OR = 1.22) with AD. The genotype-based association analysis revealed that the recessive model provided the best fit for rs638893. Conclusion: Our study identified a variant on chromosome 11q23.3 that likely confers susceptibility to AD, thereby advancing our understanding of the genetic basis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feng-Li Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Liang-Dan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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29
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Sliz E, Huilaja L, Pasanen A, Laisk T, Reimann E, Mägi R, Hannula-Jouppi K, Peltonen S, Salmi T, Koulu L, Tasanen K, Kettunen J. Uniting biobank resources reveals novel genetic pathways modulating susceptibility for atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:1105-1112.e9. [PMID: 34454985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with high heritability. Previous genome-wide association studies have identified several loci predisposing to AD. These findings explain approximately 30% of the variance in AD susceptibility, suggesting that further work is required to fully understand the genetic underpinnings. OBJECTIVE We sought to gain additional understanding of the genetic contribution to AD risk by using biobank resources. METHODS We completed a genome-wide meta-analysis of AD in 796,661 individuals (Ncases = 22,474) from the FinnGen study, the Estonian Biobank, and the UK Biobank. We further performed downstream in silico analyses to characterize the risk variants at the novel loci. RESULTS We report 30 loci associating with AD (P < 5 × 10-8), 5 of which are novel. In 2 of the novel loci, we identified missense mutations with deleterious predictions in desmocollin 1 and serpin family B member 7, genes encoding proteins crucial to epidermal strength and integrity. CONCLUSIONS These findings elucidate novel genetic pathways involved in AD pathophysiology. The likely involvement of desmocollin 1 and serpin family B member 7 in AD pathogenesis may offer opportunities for the development of novel treatment strategies for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Sliz
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Laura Huilaja
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland; University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu Pasanen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland; University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ene Reimann
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Katariina Hannula-Jouppi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, ERN-Skin Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Teea Salmi
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leena Koulu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland; University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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30
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Margolis DJ, Mitra N, Duke JL, Berna R, Margolis JD, Hoffstad O, Kim BS, Yan AC, Zaenglein AL, Chiesa Fuxench Z, Dinou A, Wasserman J, Tairis N, Mosbruger TL, Ferriola D, Damianos G, Kotsopoulou I, Monos DS. Human leukocyte antigen class-I variation is associated with atopic dermatitis: A case-control study. Hum Immunol 2021; 82:593-599. [PMID: 33875297 PMCID: PMC8238855 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common immune-medicated skin disease. Previous studies have explored the relationship between Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) allelic variation and AD with conflicting results. The aim was to examine HLA Class I genetic variation, specifically peptide binding groove variation, and associations with AD. A case-control study was designed to evaluate HLA class I allelic variation and binding pocket polymorphisms, using next generation sequencing on 464 subjects with AD and 388 without AD. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations with AD by estimating odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Significant associations were noted with susceptibility to AD (B*53:01) and protection from AD (A*01:01, A*02:01, B*07:02 and C*07:02). Evaluation of polymorphic residues in Class I binding pockets revealed six amino acid residues conferring protection against AD: A9F (HLA-A, position 9, phenylalanine) [pocket B/C], A97I [pocket C/E], A152V [pocket E], A156R [pocket D/E], B163E [pocket A] and C116S [pocket F]. These findings demonstrate that specific HLA class I components are associated with susceptibility or protection from AD. Individual amino acid residues are relevant to protection from AD and set the foundation for evaluating potential HLA Class I molecules in complex with peptides/antigens that may initiate or interfere with T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Margolis
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - N Mitra
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - J L Duke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - R Berna
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - J D Margolis
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - O Hoffstad
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - B S Kim
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - A C Yan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - A L Zaenglein
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University/Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Z Chiesa Fuxench
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - A Dinou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - J Wasserman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - N Tairis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - T L Mosbruger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D Ferriola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Georgios Damianos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ioanna Kotsopoulou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D S Monos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman Schools of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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31
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Schäbitz A, Eyerich K, Garzorz-Stark N. So close, and yet so far away: The dichotomy of the specific immune response and inflammation in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. J Intern Med 2021; 290:27-39. [PMID: 33428274 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the complex interplay between cytokines, chemokines and microorganisms has led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of both psoriasis and AD and resulted in new therapeutics targeting distinct immune responses. Psoriasis and AD share many characteristics: they are highly prevalent, chronic, cause primarily skin inflammation, but are associated with comorbidities, and come with a devastating quality of life due to itch and stigmatization. However, the pathogenesis of psoriasis and AD is opposing - psoriasis is dominated by a Th17 immune response that causes neutrophil migration, induction of innate immunity and exaggerated epithelial metabolism. Leading cytokines of this Th17 immune response are IL-17A and F, IL-22 and TNF-a. AD is characterized by Th2 immunity characterized by the signature cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 leading to an impaired epidermal barrier, dampened innate immunity and eosinophil migration. This review compares genetics, microbiome and T-cell infiltrate and resulting epithelial response in psoriasis and AD. Whilst the antagonistic course of psoriasis and AD is confirmed by response to specific biologics targeting the key cytokines of inflammation in psoriasis and AD, respectively, clinically overlapping phenotypes are challenging in our daily clinical practice. We conclude this review by summarizing what is known about these mixed phenotypes and how the identification of clinically relevant endotypes and molecular-driven decision-making is the next step in the field of dermato-immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schäbitz
- From the, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Eyerich
- From the, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Garzorz-Stark
- From the, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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32
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Tanaka N, Koido M, Suzuki A, Otomo N, Suetsugu H, Kochi Y, Tomizuka K, Momozawa Y, Kamatani Y, Ikegawa S, Yamamoto K, Terao C. Eight novel susceptibility loci and putative causal variants in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1293-1306. [PMID: 34116867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common allergic disease in the world. While genetic components play critical roles in its pathophysiology, a large proportion of its genetic background is still unexplored. OBJECTIVES This study sought to illuminate the genetic associations with AD using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and its downstream analyses. METHODS This study conducted a GWAS for AD comprising 2,639 cases and 115,648 controls in the Japanese population, followed by a trans-ethnic meta-analysis with UK Biobank data and downstream analyses including partitioning heritability analysis by linkage disequilibrium score regression. RESULTS This study identified 17 significant susceptibility loci, among which 4 loci-AFF1, ITGB8, EHMT1, and EGR2-were novel in the Japanese GWAS. The trans-ethnic meta-analysis revealed 4 additional novel loci, namely-ZBTB38,LOC105755953/LOC101928272, TRAF3, andIQGAP1. This study found a missense variant (R243W) with a deleterious functional effect in NLRP10 and a variant altering expression of CCDC80 via enhancer expression as highly likely causal variants. These 2 regions were Asian-specific, and these population-specific associations could be explained by the frequency of causal variants. The gene-based test showed SMAD4 as an additional novel significant locus. Downstream analyses revealed substantial overlap of GWAS significant signals in enhancers of skin cells and immune cells, especially CD4 T cells. A highly shared polygenic architecture of AD between Europeans and Asians was also found. CONCLUSIONS This study identified Japanese-specific loci and novel significant loci shared by different populations. Two putative causal variants were illuminated in Japanese-specific loci. Trans-ethnic analyses revealed strong heritability enrichment in immune-related pathways, and relevant cell types shared among populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Tanaka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akari Suzuki
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nao Otomo
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetsugu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuta Kochi
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Genomic Function and Diversity, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tomizuka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | -
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan; Department of Applied Genetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
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33
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Lo CH, Khalili H, Lochhead P, Song M, Lopes EW, Burke KE, Richter JM, Chan AT, Ananthakrishnan AN. Immune-mediated diseases and risk of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 53:598-607. [PMID: 33280139 PMCID: PMC8082435 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are known to cluster, to what extent this is due to common environmental influences is unknown. AIM To examine the incidence of IBD in individuals with another IMD. METHODS We used data from the prospective Nurses' Health Study II cohort (1995-2017) to examine the effect of diagnoses of several common IMDs on subsequent risk of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for detailed diet and lifestyle confounders. RESULTS We documented 132 cases of CD and 186 cases of UC over 2 016 163 person-years of follow-up (median age at IBD diagnosis 50 years). Compared to participants with no history of IMD, the HRs of CD for those with 1 and ≥ 2 IMDs were 2.57 (95% CI 1.77-3.74) and 2.74 (95% CI 1.36 to 5.49), respectively (Ptrend < 0.0001). This association was only modestly attenuated by adjustment for environmental risk factors (HR 2.35 and 2.46, respectively). The risk of UC was not increased, with multivariable-adjusted HRs of 1.22 (95% CI 0.85-1.76) and 1.33 (95% CI 0.67-2.65) for those with 1 and ≥ 2 IMDs, respectively, compared to those with none (Ptrend 0.16) (Pheterogeneity comparing CD and UC 0.037). Asthma, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and rosacea were individually associated with higher risk of CD (HR ranging from 2.15 to 3.39) but not UC. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with one or more IMDs are at an increased risk for CD but not UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Lo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hamed Khalili
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul Lochhead
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily W Lopes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristin E Burke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James M Richter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hübenthal M, Löscher BS, Erdmann J, Franke A, Gola D, König IR, Emmert H. Current Developments of Clinical Sequencing and the Clinical Utility of Polygenic Risk Scores in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:577677. [PMID: 33633722 PMCID: PMC7901950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.577677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this mini-review, we highlight selected research by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Cluster of Excellence “Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation” focusing on clinical sequencing and the clinical utility of polygenic risk scores as well as its implication on precision medicine in the field of the inflammatory diseases inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis and coronary artery disease. Additionally, we highlight current developments and discuss challenges to be faced in the future. Exemplary, we point to residual challenges in detecting disease-relevant variants resulting from difficulties in the interpretation of candidate variants and their potential interactions. While polygenic risk scores represent promising tools for the stratification of patient groups, currently, polygenic risk scores are not accurate enough for clinical setting. Precision medicine, incorporating additional data from genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics experiments, may enable the identification of distinct disease pathogeneses. In the future, data-intensive biomedical innovation will hopefully lead to improved patient stratification for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hübenthal
- Department of Dermatology, Quincke Research Center, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Britt-Sabina Löscher
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Damian Gola
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Quincke Research Center, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Ketelaar ME, Westerlaken-van Ginkel CD, Nawijn MC, Ej Dubois A, Koppelman GH. IL-1RL1a serum levels and IL1RL1 SNPs in the prediction of food allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:614-619. [PMID: 33278838 PMCID: PMC8048844 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Ketelaar
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research (EXPIRE), GRIAC, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Doriene Westerlaken-van Ginkel
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research (EXPIRE), GRIAC, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antony Ej Dubois
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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36
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Suaini NHA, Tan CPT, Loo EXL, Tham EH. Global differences in atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:23-33. [PMID: 32841425 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, with a highly variable prevalence worldwide. Recent evidence, however, has shown an increase in prevalence in the Asia Pacific region. Nevertheless, most of the published literature has focused mainly on Western populations, and only few clinical trials have included subgroups of other ethnic populations. Reasons for the observed ethnic and geographical differences in AD are not well established. This calls into question the need for a better understanding of AD pathogenesis and inter-ethnic differences in clinical and immuno-phenotypes. These differences may reflect inherent variability in disease mechanisms between populations, which in turn may impact upon treatment responses such as biologics that are currently tailored mainly to a specific immuno-phenotype (T-helper type 2 dominant). In this article, we reviewed existing literature on the prevalence of AD globally, highlighting differences, if any, in the clinical and immuno-phenotypes of AD between different ethnicities. We discussed genetic and environmental factors that affect AD in different populations and therapeutic considerations. Our review highlights AD as a disease with ethnic-dependent clinical and immunological heterogeneity and calls for greater inclusion of ethnic diversity in future research in order to develop targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H A Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Population Allergy, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheryl P T Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn X L Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
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37
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Yasuda-Sekiguchi F, Shiohama A, Fukushima A, Obata S, Mochimaru N, Honda A, Kawasaki H, Kubo A, Ebihara T, Amagai M, Sasaki T. Single nucleotide variations in genes associated with innate immunity are enriched in Japanese adult cases of face and neck type atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 101:93-100. [PMID: 33279384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is heterogenous in terms of phenotype as well as genetic and environmental factors, while its associated genetic factors and pathophysiology are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE We identify novel genetic factors enriched in a subgroup of AD patients with characteristic clinical features. METHODS We clinically subgrouped 18 AD patients who exhibited distinctive characteristic of persistent skin eruption areas on the face and neck from 92 Japanese adult AD patients and identified disease-associated genetic factors enriched within the subgroup. Targeted resequencing and subsequent genetic association analyses were used to identify novel enriched genetic variations in the subgroup compared with the other AD patients. RESULTS Targeted resequencing of 648 skin associated genes revealed an enrichment of 12 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in patients with face and neck AD (n = 18) compared with the general Japanese population in the database. Subsequent allele frequency comparison between the face and neck AD and non - face and neck AD subgroups revealed enrichment of five SNVs. Multivariate analysis using genotype data revealed that three SNVs in theTLR1, TIRAP, and PSAPL1 genes, two of the three genes are involved in the Toll-like receptor pathway, were significantly enriched in patients with face and neck AD. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that the SNVs in genes associated with the innate immune pathway are enriched in a subgroup of AD. The combinational approach of clinical subgrouping and genotyping is valuable for detecting novel disease-associated genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aiko Shiohama
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayano Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Obata
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Mochimaru
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan; Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ebihara
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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38
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Lee H, Lee JH, Koh SJ, Park H. Bidirectional relationship between atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:1385-1394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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39
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Mu Z, Zhang J. The Role of Genetics, the Environment, and Epigenetics in Atopic Dermatitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1253:107-140. [PMID: 32445093 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3449-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory disease with a genetic background. The prevalence of AD has been increasing in many countries. AD patients often have manifestations of pruritus, generalized skin dryness, and eczematous lesions. The pathogenesis of AD is complicated. The impaired skin barrier and immune imbalance play significant roles in the development of AD. Environmental factors such as allergens and pollutants are associated with the increasing prevalence. Many genetic and environmental factors induce a skin barrier deficiency, and this can lead to immune imbalance, which exacerbates the impaired skin barrier to form a vicious cycle (outside-inside-outside view). Genetic studies find many gene mutations and genetic variants, such as filaggrin mutations, which may directly induce the deficiency of the skin barrier and immune system. Epigenetic studies provide a connection between the relationship of an impaired skin barrier and immune and environmental factors, such as tobacco exposure, pollutants, microbes, and diet and nutrients. AD is a multigene disease, and thus there are many targets for regulation of expression of these genes which may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. However, the epigenetic regulation of environmental factors in AD pathogenesis still needs to be further researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglei Mu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Gong JJ, Margolis DJ, Monos DS. Predictive in silico binding algorithms reveal HLA specificities and autoallergen peptides associated with atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 2020; 312:647-656. [PMID: 32152724 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disease that results from a combination of skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. The immune dysregulation is often associated with IgE sensitivity. There is also evidence that autoallergens Hom s 1, 2, 3, and 4 play a role in AD; it is possible that patients with specific HLA subtypes are predisposed to autoreactivity due to increased presentation of autoallergen peptides. The goal of our study was to use in silico epitope prediction platforms as an approach to identify HLA subtypes that may preferentially bind autoallergen peptides and are thus candidates for further study. Considering the previously described association of DRB1 alleles with AD and progression of disease, emphasis was placed on DRB1. Certain DRB1 alleles (08:04, 11:01, and 11:04) were identified by both algorithms to bind a significant percent of the generated autoallergen peptides. Conversely, autoallergen core peptide sequences FRQLSHRFH and IRAKLRLQA (Hom s 1), IRKSKNILF (Hom s 2), FKWVPVTDS and MAAIEKVRK (Hom s 3), and FRYFATLKV (Hom s 4) were predicted to bind many DRB1 alleles and, thus, may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Our findings provide candidate DRB1 alleles and autoallergen epitopes that will guide future studies exploring the relationship between DRB1 subtype and autoreactivity in AD. A similar approach can be used for any antigen that has been associated with an IgE response and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan J Gong
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Margolis
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Dimitrios S Monos
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Mucha S, Baurecht H, Novak N, Rodríguez E, Bej S, Mayr G, Emmert H, Stölzl D, Gerdes S, Jung ES, Degenhardt F, Hübenthal M, Ellinghaus E, Kässens JC, Wienbrandt L, Lieb W, Müller-Nurasyid M, Hotze M, Dand N, Grosche S, Marenholz I, Arnold A, Homuth G, Schmidt CO, Wehkamp U, Nöthen MM, Hoffmann P, Paternoster L, Standl M, Bønnelykke K, Ahluwalia TS, Bisgaard H, Peters A, Gieger C, Waldenberger M, Schulz H, Strauch K, Werfel T, Lee YA, Wolfien M, Rosenstiel P, Wolkenhauer O, Schreiber S, Franke A, Weidinger S, Ellinghaus D. Protein-coding variants contribute to the risk of atopic dermatitis and skin-specific gene expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:1208-1218. [PMID: 31707051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fifteen percent of atopic dermatitis (AD) liability-scale heritability could be attributed to 31 susceptibility loci identified by using genome-wide association studies, with only 3 of them (IL13, IL-6 receptor [IL6R], and filaggrin [FLG]) resolved to protein-coding variants. OBJECTIVE We examined whether a significant portion of unexplained AD heritability is further explained by low-frequency and rare variants in the gene-coding sequence. METHODS We evaluated common, low-frequency, and rare protein-coding variants using exome chip and replication genotype data of 15,574 patients and 377,839 control subjects combined with whole-transcriptome data on lesional, nonlesional, and healthy skin samples of 27 patients and 38 control subjects. RESULTS An additional 12.56% (SE, 0.74%) of AD heritability is explained by rare protein-coding variation. We identified docking protein 2 (DOK2) and CD200 receptor 1 (CD200R1) as novel genome-wide significant susceptibility genes. Rare coding variants associated with AD are further enriched in 5 genes (IL-4 receptor [IL4R], IL13, Janus kinase 1 [JAK1], JAK2, and tyrosine kinase 2 [TYK2]) of the IL13 pathway, all of which are targets for novel systemic AD therapeutics. Multiomics-based network and RNA sequencing analysis revealed DOK2 as a central hub interacting with, among others, CD200R1, IL6R, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Multitissue gene expression profile analysis for 53 tissue types from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project showed that disease-associated protein-coding variants exert their greatest effect in skin tissues. CONCLUSION Our discoveries highlight a major role of rare coding variants in AD acting independently of common variants. Further extensive functional studies are required to detect all potential causal variants and to specify the contribution of the novel susceptibility genes DOK2 and CD200R1 to overall disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Mucha
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Saptarshi Bej
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mayr
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dora Stölzl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eun Suk Jung
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Hübenthal
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Christian Kässens
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Wienbrandt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank PopGen, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Hotze
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nick Dand
- School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Grosche
- Pediatric Allergology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück-Centrum (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Marenholz
- Pediatric Allergology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück-Centrum (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Arnold
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health in Pomerania/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wehkamp
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, and the School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Wolfien
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; First Medical Department, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Vaher H, Runnel T, Urgard E, Aab A, Carreras Badosa G, Maslovskaja J, Abram K, Raam L, Kaldvee B, Annilo T, Tkaczyk ER, Maimets T, Akdis CA, Kingo K, Rebane A. miR-10a-5p is increased in atopic dermatitis and has capacity to inhibit keratinocyte proliferation. Allergy 2019; 74:2146-2156. [PMID: 31049964 PMCID: PMC6817370 DOI: 10.1111/all.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-10a-5p has been shown to regulate cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness and endothelial cell inflammatory responses. The function of miR-10a-5p in the skin has not been previously studied. The aim of the current study was to examine miR-10a-5p expression, regulation, and function in keratinocytes (KCs) in association with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS The expression of miR-10a-5p and its target genes was analyzed using RT-qPCR, mRNA array analysis, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence. The transfection of miRNA mimics, cell cycle distribution analysis, and luciferase assays was used to study miR-10a-5p functions in human primary KCs. RESULTS miR-10a-5p was found to be upregulated in lesional skin from patients with AD and in proliferating KCs. Array and pathway analysis of IL-1β-stimulated KCs revealed that miR-10a-5p inhibited many genes that affect cell cycle progression and only a few inflammation-related genes. Accordingly, fewer cells in S-phase and reduced proliferation were detected as characteristics of miR-10a-5p-transfected KCs. The influence of miR-10a-5p on cell proliferation was also evident in KCs induced by AD-related cytokines, including IL-4, IL-17, and IL-1β, as measured by the capacity to strongly suppress the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67. Among AD-related putative direct target genes, we verified hyaluronan synthase 3, a damage-associated positive regulator of KC migration and proliferation, as a direct target of miR-10a-5p. CONCLUSIONS miR-10a-5p inhibits KC proliferation and directly targets hyaluronan synthase 3 and thereby may modulate AD-associated processes in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Vaher
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Runnel
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of
Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Egon Urgard
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alar Aab
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gemma Carreras Badosa
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristi Abram
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of
Tartu, Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liisi Raam
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of
Tartu, Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bret Kaldvee
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of
Tartu, Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tarmo Annilo
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eric R. Tkaczyk
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville TN and Vanderbilt Dermatology Translational Research Clinic, Nashville TN
| | - Toivo Maimets
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of
Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF),
University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of
Tartu, Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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43
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Capucilli P, Hill DA. Allergic Comorbidity in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Mechanistic Relevance and Clinical Implications. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 57:111-127. [PMID: 30903437 PMCID: PMC6626558 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08733-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, allergen-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus, and the most common cause of prolonged dysphagia in children and young adults in the developed world. While initially undistinguished from gastroesophageal reflux disease-associated esophageal eosinophilia, EoE is now recognized as a clinically distinct entity that shares fundamental inflammatory features of other allergic conditions and is similarly increasing in incidence and prevalence. The clinical and epidemiologic associations between EoE and other allergic manifestations are well established. In addition to exaggerated rates of atopic dermatitis, IgE-mediated food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis in EoE patients, each of these allergic manifestations imparts individual and cumulative risk for subsequent EoE diagnosis. As such, EoE may be a member of the "allergic march"-the natural history of allergic manifestations during childhood. Several determinants likely contribute to the relationship between these conditions, including shared genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of allergic comorbidity in EoE. We discuss areas of the genome associated with both EoE and other allergic diseases, including the well-studied variants encoding thymic stromal lymphopoietin and calpain 14, among other "atopic" regions. We summarize ways that environmental factors (such as microbiome-altering pressures and aeroallergen exposure) may predispose to multiple allergic conditions including EoE. Finally, we touch on some fundamental features of type 2 inflammation, and the resulting implications for the development of multiple allergic manifestations. We conclude with an analysis of the "type 2" biologics, and how mechanistic similarities between EoE and the other allergic manifestations have important implications for screening and treatment of the allergic patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Capucilli
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Research Building, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David A Hill
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Research Building, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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44
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Elias MS, Wright SC, Remenyi J, Abbott JC, Bray SE, Cole C, Edwards S, Gierlinski M, Glok M, McGrath JA, Nicholson WV, Paternoster L, Prescott AR, Have ST, Whitfield PD, Lamond AI, Brown SJ. EMSY expression affects multiple components of the skin barrier with relevance to atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:470-481. [PMID: 31158401 PMCID: PMC6683598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, complex, and highly heritable inflammatory skin disease. Genome-wide association studies offer opportunities to identify molecular targets for drug development. A risk locus on chromosome 11q13.5 lies between 2 candidate genes, EMSY and LRRC32 (leucine-rich repeat-containing 32) but the functional mechanisms affecting risk of AD remain unclear. Objectives We sought to apply a combination of genomic and molecular analytic techniques to investigate which genes are responsible for genetic risk at this locus and to define mechanisms contributing to atopic skin disease. Methods We used interrogation of available genomic and chromosome conformation data in keratinocytes, small interfering RNA (siRNA)–mediated knockdown in skin organotypic culture and functional assessment of barrier parameters, mass spectrometric global proteomic analysis and quantitative lipid analysis, electron microscopy of organotypic skin, and immunohistochemistry of human skin samples. Results Genomic data indicate active promoters in the genome-wide association study locus and upstream of EMSY; EMSY, LRRC32, and intergenic variants all appear to be within a single topologically associating domain. siRNA-knockdown of EMSY in organotypic culture leads to enhanced development of barrier function, reflecting increased expression of structural and functional proteins, including filaggrin and filaggrin-2, as well as long-chain ceramides. Conversely, overexpression of EMSY in keratinocytes leads to a reduction in markers of barrier formation. Skin biopsy samples from patients with AD show greater EMSY staining in the nucleus, which is consistent with an increased functional effect of this transcriptional control protein. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate an important role for EMSY in transcriptional regulation and skin barrier formation, supporting EMSY inhibition as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina S Elias
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
| | - Sheila C Wright
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Remenyi
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - James C Abbott
- Data Analysis/Bioinformatics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E Bray
- NHS Research Scotland Biorepository Tayside, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Cole
- Data Analysis/Bioinformatics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Edwards
- Department of Pathology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Gierlinski
- Data Analysis/Bioinformatics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mateusz Glok
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - William V Nicholson
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R Prescott
- Dundee Imaging Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Ten Have
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip D Whitfield
- Lipidomics Research Facility, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Angus I Lamond
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sara J Brown
- Skin Research Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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45
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Cai XY, Cheng L, Yu CX, Wu YY, Fang L, Zheng XD, Zhou FS, Sheng YJ, Zhu J, Zheng J, Wu YY, Xiao FL. GWAS Follow-up Study Discovers a Novel Genetic Signal on 10q21.2 for Atopic Dermatitis in Chinese Han Population. Front Genet 2019; 10:174. [PMID: 30915103 PMCID: PMC6422937 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with high heritability. Two susceptibility loci have been confirmed in our previous AD genome-wide association study (GWAS). To look for additional genetic factors in Chinese Han ethnicity, we performed a large-scale GWAS follow-up study. Forty-nine top single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that had never been reported previously were genotyped using Sequenom Massarray system in an independent cohort, which consist of northern Chinese (1634 cases and 1263 controls) and southern Chinese (2985 cases and 9526 controls). Association analyses were performed using PLINK 2 software. Three SNPs in northern and ten SNPs in southern were found exhibiting association evidence with AD (P < 0.05). Finally, SNP rs224108 on 10q21.2 showed high significance for AD in joint analysis of GWAS and replication study (Pmeta = 4.55 × 10−9, OR = 1.21), and was confirmed as an independent genetic marker by Linkage disequilibrium calculation and conditional logistic regression analysis. Bioinformatics analysis strongly suggested that rs224108 may have the potential to alter the target gene expression through non-coding epigenetic regulation effects. Meanwhile, SNP rs11150780 on 17q25.3 was also found suggestive association with AD (Pmeta = 7.64 × 10−7, OR = 1.18). Our findings confirmed a novel susceptibility signal on 10q21.2 for AD in Chinese Han population and advanced the understanding of the genetic contribution to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ying Cai
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chong-Xian Yu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Zhou
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Jun Sheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Feng-Li Xiao
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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46
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Latendorf T, Gerstel U, Wu Z, Bartels J, Becker A, Tholey A, Schröder JM. Cationic Intrinsically Disordered Antimicrobial Peptides (CIDAMPs) Represent a New Paradigm of Innate Defense with a Potential for Novel Anti-Infectives. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3331. [PMID: 30833614 PMCID: PMC6399351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for potential mechanisms underlying the remarkable resistance of healthy skin against infection by soil bacteria like Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa we identified fragments of the intrinsically disordered protein hornerin as potent microbicidal agents in the stratum corneum. We found that, independent of the amino acid (AA)-sequence, any tested linear cationic peptide containing a high percentage of disorder-promoting AA and a low percentage of order-promoting AA is a potent microbicidal antimicrobial. We further show that the antimicrobial activity of these cationic intrinsically disordered antimicrobial peptides (CIDAMPs) depends on the peptide chain length, its net charge, lipidation and environmental conditions. The ubiquitous presence of latent CIDAMP sources in nature suggests a common and yet overlooked adapted innate disinfection system of body surfaces. The simple structure and virtually any imaginable sequence or composition of disorder-promoting AA allow the generation of a plethora of CIDAMPs. These are potential novel microbicidal anti-infectives for various bacterial pathogens, including P. aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and fungal pathogens like Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ties Latendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gerstel
- Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, 310023, Hangzhou, China
| | - Joachim Bartels
- Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Becker
- Institute for Experimental Medicine-AG Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Institute for Experimental Medicine-AG Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - Jens-Michael Schröder
- Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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47
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Blicharz L, Rudnicka L, Samochocki Z. Staphylococcus aureus: an underestimated factor in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis? Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2019; 36:11-17. [PMID: 30858773 PMCID: PMC6409874 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2019.82821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a common, recurrent pruritic dermatosis with a complex pathogenesis. It has been associated with disordered patterns of immunological response and impaired epithelial barrier integrity. These features predispose the patients to robust colonization of skin lesions by Staphylococcus aureus. Virulence factors of S. aureus (e.g. superantigens, α- and δ-toxin, protein A) have been shown to exacerbate and perpetuate the course of atopic dermatitis. Novel therapeutic options with potential for restoring natural microbiome composition are being elaborated and may enter clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Blicharz
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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48
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Dainichi T, Kitoh A, Otsuka A, Nakajima S, Nomura T, Kaplan DH, Kabashima K. The epithelial immune microenvironment (EIME) in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:1286-1298. [PMID: 30446754 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The skin provides both a physical barrier and an immunologic barrier to external threats. The protective machinery of the skin has evolved to provide situation-specific responses to eliminate pathogens and to provide protection against physical dangers. Dysregulation of this machinery can give rise to the initiation and propagation of inflammatory loops in the epithelial microenvironment that result in inflammatory skin diseases in susceptible people. A defective barrier and microbial dysbiosis drive an interleukin 4 (IL-4) loop that underlies atopic dermatitis, while in psoriasis, disordered keratinocyte signaling and predisposition to type 17 responses drive a pathogenic IL-17 loop. Here we discuss the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis in terms of the epithelial immune microenvironment-the microbiota, keratinocytes and sensory nerves-and the resulting inflammatory loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kitoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daniel H Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology and Department of Immunology, Cutaneous Biology Research Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. .,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.
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49
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Loss-of-function mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 14 (CARD14) are associated with a severe variant of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:173-181.e10. [PMID: 30248356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease that is known to be, at least in part, genetically determined. Mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 14 (CARD14) have been shown to result in various forms of psoriasis and related disorders. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify rare DNA variants conferring a significant risk for AD through genetic and functional studies in a cohort of patients affected with severe AD. METHODS Whole-exome and direct gene sequencing, immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, ELISA, and functional assays in human keratinocytes were used. RESULTS In a cohort of patients referred with severe AD, DNA sequencing revealed in 4 patients 2 rare heterozygous missense mutations in the gene encoding CARD14, a major regulator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). A dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that both mutations exert a dominant loss-of-function effect and result in decreased NF-κB signaling. Accordingly, immunohistochemistry staining showed decreased expression of CARD14 in patients' skin, as well as decreased levels of activated p65, a surrogate marker for NF-κB activity. CARD14-deficient or mutant-expressing keratinocytes displayed abnormal secretion of key mediators of innate immunity. CONCLUSIONS Although dominant gain-of-function mutations in CARD14 are associated with psoriasis and related diseases, loss-of-function mutations in the same gene are associated with a severe variant of AD.
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50
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Inflammatory cytokines and biofilm production sustain Staphylococcus aureus outgrowth and persistence: a pivotal interplay in the pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9573. [PMID: 29955077 PMCID: PMC6023932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with Atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus colonization. However, the mechanisms driving this process as well as the impact of S. aureus in AD pathogenesis are still incompletely understood. In this study, we analysed the role of biofilm in sustaining S. aureus chronic persistence and its impact on AD severity. Further we explored whether key inflammatory cytokines overexpressed in AD might provide a selective advantage to S. aureus. Results show that the strength of biofilm production by S. aureus correlated with the severity of the skin lesion, being significantly higher (P < 0.01) in patients with a more severe form of the disease as compared to those individuals with mild AD. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-β and interferon γ (IFN-γ), but not interleukin (IL)-6, induced a concentration-dependent increase of S. aureus growth. This effect was not observed with coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the skin of AD patients. These findings indicate that inflammatory cytokines such as IL1-β and IFN-γ, can selectively promote S. aureus outgrowth, thus subverting the composition of the healthy skin microbiome. Moreover, biofilm production by S. aureus plays a relevant role in further supporting chronic colonization and disease severity, while providing an increased tolerance to antimicrobials.
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