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Vogel A, Arnese R, Gudino Carrillo RM, Sehr D, Deszcz L, Bylicki A, Meinhart A, Clausen T. UNC-45 assisted myosin folding depends on a conserved FX 3HY motif implicated in Freeman Sheldon Syndrome. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6272. [PMID: 39054317 PMCID: PMC11272940 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Myosin motors are critical for diverse motility functions, ranging from cytokinesis and endocytosis to muscle contraction. The UNC-45 chaperone controls myosin function mediating the folding, assembly, and degradation of the muscle protein. Here, we analyze the molecular mechanism of UNC-45 as a hub in myosin quality control. We show that UNC-45 forms discrete complexes with folded and unfolded myosin, forwarding them to downstream chaperones and E3 ligases. Structural analysis of a minimal chaperone:substrate complex reveals that UNC-45 binds to a conserved FX3HY motif in the myosin motor domain. Disrupting the observed interface by mutagenesis prevents myosin maturation leading to protein aggregation in vivo. We also show that a mutation in the FX3HY motif linked to the Freeman Sheldon Syndrome impairs UNC-45 assisted folding, reducing the level of functional myosin. These findings demonstrate that a faulty myosin quality control is a critical yet unexplored cause of human myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Vogel
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renato Arnese
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ricardo M Gudino Carrillo
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daria Sehr
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luiza Deszcz
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrzej Bylicki
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Meinhart
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Clausen
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities, Vienna, Austria.
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2
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Morali B, Miranda V, Raelson J, Grimard G, Glavas P, Audibert F, Dumont NA, Barone J, Bamshad M, Lemyre E, Campeau PM. Bi-allelic variants in MYH3 cause recessively-inherited arthrogryposis. Clin Genet 2024. [PMID: 38856159 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Arthrogryposis is a clinical feature defined by congenital joint contractures in two or more different body areas which occurs in between 1/3000 and 1/5000 live births. Variants in multiple genes have been associated with distal arthrogryposis syndromes. Heterozygous variants in MYH3 have been identified to cause the dominantly-inherited distal arthrogryposis conditions, Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, Sheldon-Hall syndrome, and multiple pterygium syndrome. In contrast, MYH3 variants underlie both dominantly and recessively inherited Contractures, Pterygia, and Spondylocarpotarsal Fusion syndromes (CPSFS) which are characterized by extensive bony abnormalities in addition to congenital contractures. Here we report two affected sibs with distal arthrogryposis born to unaffected, distantly related parents. Sequencing revealed that both sibs were homozygous for two ultra-rare MYH3 variants, c.3445G>A (p.Glu1149Lys) and c.4760T>C (p.Leu1587Pro). Sequencing and deletion/duplication analysis of 169 other arthrogryposis genes yielded no other compelling candidate variants. This is the first report of biallelic variants in MYH3 being implicated in a distal arthrogryposis phenotype without the additional features of CPSFS. Thus, akin to CPSFS, both dominant and recessively inherited distal arthrogryposis can be caused by variants in MYH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcin Morali
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valancy Miranda
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Raelson
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Grimard
- Department of Orthopedics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter Glavas
- Department of Orthopedics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - François Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Julia Barone
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Bamshad
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Lemyre
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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3
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Chang K, Hou N, Fan P, Ji C, Liu L, Wang Z, Li R, Wang Y, Zhang J, Ling R. Risk assessment model based on nucleotide metabolism-related genes highlights SLC27A2 as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:258. [PMID: 38753091 PMCID: PMC11098904 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide among women, with the highest incidence rate. The mechanisms underlying nucleotide metabolism on biological functions in BC remain incompletely elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We harnessed differentially expressed nucleotide metabolism-related genes from The Cancer Genome Atlas-BRCA, constructing a prognostic risk model through univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses. A validation set and the GSE7390 dataset were used to validate the risk model. Clinical relevance, survival and prognosis, immune infiltration, functional enrichment, and drug sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS Our findings identified four signature genes (DCTPP1, IFNG, SLC27A2, and MYH3) as nucleotide metabolism-related prognostic genes. Subsequently, patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups, revealing the risk model's independence as a prognostic factor. Nomogram calibration underscored superior prediction accuracy. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) uncovered activated pathways in low-risk cohorts and mobilized pathways in high-risk cohorts. Distinctions in immune cells were noted between risk cohorts. Subsequent experiments validated that reducing SLC27A2 expression in BC cell lines or using the SLC27A2 inhibitor, Lipofermata, effectively inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS We pinpointed four nucleotide metabolism-related prognostic genes, demonstrating promising accuracy as a risk prediction tool for patients with BC. SLC27A2 appears to be a potential therapeutic target for BC among these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Chang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Niuniu Hou
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Air Force 986(Th) Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Fan
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyin Liu
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruolei Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Kuang R, Xu Z, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Peng H, Wang D, Xu X, Zhao S, Zhao Y, Zhu M. H3K27ac modification and transcription characteristics of adipose and muscle tissues in Chuxiang Black pig. Anim Genet 2024; 55:217-229. [PMID: 38296601 DOI: 10.1111/age.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of high-quality pork breeds for improving meat quality in the pig industry is needed. The Chuxiang Black (CX) pig is a new breed developed from Chinese local pigs and Western lean pigs that has a high proportion of lean meat and excellent meat quality. However, the characteristics of cis-regulatory elements in CX pigs are still unknown. In this study, cis-regulatory elements of muscle and adipose tissues in CX pigs were investigated using ChIP-seq and RNA sequencing. Compared with the reported cis-regulatory elements of muscle and adipose tissues, 1768 and 1012 highly activated enhancers and 433 and 275 highly activated promoters in CX muscle and adipose tissues were identified, respectively. Motif analysis showed that transcription factors, such as MEF2A and MEF2C, were core regulators of highly activated enhancers and promoters in muscle. Similarly, the transcription factors JUNB and CUX1 were identified as essential for highly activated enhancers and promoters in CX adipose tissue. These results enrich the resources for the analysis of cis-regulatory elements in the pig genome and provide new basic data for further meat quality improvement through breeding in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhuo Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Honghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daoyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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He Q, Wu C, Sun D, Yuan J, Hu H, Yang K, Chen W, Yan Y, Yin G, Zhang J, Li Y. Functional assessment of a novel biallelic MYH3 variation causing CPSKF1B (contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome1B). Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2401. [PMID: 38444278 PMCID: PMC10915484 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MYH3-associated myosinopathies comprise a spectrum of rare neuromuscular disorders mainly characterized by distal arthrogryposis with or without other features like pterygia and vertebrae fusion. CPSKF1B (contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome1B) is the only known autosomal recessiveMYH3-associated myosinopathy so far, with no more than two dozen cases being reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS A boy with CPSKF1B was recruited and subjected to a comprehensive clinical and imaging evaluation. Genetic detection with whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the patient and extended family members to identify the causative variation. A series of in silico and in vitro investigations were carried out to verify the pathogenicity of the two variants of the identified compound heterozygous variation. RESULTS The patient exhibited moderate CPSKF1B symptoms including multiarticular contractures, webbed neck, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion. WES detected a compound heterozygous MYH3 variation consisting of two variants, namely NM_002470.4: c.3377A>G; p. (E1126G) and NM_002470.4: c.5161-2A>C. It was indicated that the NM_002470.4: c.3377A>G; p. (E1126G) variant mainly impaired the local hydrogen bond formation and impacted the TGF-B pathway, while the NM_002470.4: c.5161-2A>C variant could affect the normal splicing of pre-mRNA, resulting in the appearance of multiple abnormal transcripts. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study expanded the mutation spectrum of CPSKF1B, provided an important basis for the counseling of the affected family, and also laid a foundation for the functional study of MYH3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐bing He
- Department of Pediatric OrthopaedicsThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Cai‐hong Wu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryHebei Petrochina Central HospitalLangfangChina
| | - Dong‐lan Sun
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterShijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine; Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jia‐yu Yuan
- Department of Pediatric OrthopaedicsThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Hua‐ying Hu
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research CenterMedical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wen‐qi Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterShijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine; Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthShijiazhuangChina
| | - You‐sheng Yan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Guang‐yue Yin
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryHebei Petrochina Central HospitalLangfangChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterShijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine; Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthShijiazhuangChina
| | - Ya‐zhou Li
- Department of Pediatric OrthopaedicsThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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6
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Liu C, Karabina A, Meller A, Bhattacharjee A, Agostino CJ, Bowman GR, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Leinwand LA. Homologous mutations in human β, embryonic, and perinatal muscle myosins have divergent effects on molecular power generation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315472121. [PMID: 38377203 PMCID: PMC10907259 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315472121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations at a highly conserved homologous residue in three closely related muscle myosins cause three distinct diseases involving muscle defects: R671C in β-cardiac myosin causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, R672C and R672H in embryonic skeletal myosin cause Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, and R674Q in perinatal skeletal myosin causes trismus-pseudocamptodactyly syndrome. It is not known whether their effects at the molecular level are similar to one another or correlate with disease phenotype and severity. To this end, we investigated the effects of the homologous mutations on key factors of molecular power production using recombinantly expressed human β, embryonic, and perinatal myosin subfragment-1. We found large effects in the developmental myosins but minimal effects in β myosin, and magnitude of changes correlated partially with clinical severity. The mutations in the developmental myosins dramatically decreased the step size and load-sensitive actin-detachment rate of single molecules measured by optical tweezers, in addition to decreasing overall enzymatic (ATPase) cycle rate. In contrast, the only measured effect of R671C in β myosin was a larger step size. Our measurements of step size and bound times predicted velocities consistent with those measured in an in vitro motility assay. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations predicted that the arginine to cysteine mutation in embryonic, but not β, myosin may reduce pre-powerstroke lever arm priming and ADP pocket opening, providing a possible structural mechanism consistent with the experimental observations. This paper presents direct comparisons of homologous mutations in several different myosin isoforms, whose divergent functional effects are a testament to myosin's highly allosteric nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA94550
| | - Anastasia Karabina
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - Artur Meller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63110
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Ayan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Colby J. Agostino
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Greg R. Bowman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Kathleen M. Ruppel
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - James A. Spudich
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
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7
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Moura S, Hartl I, Brumovska V, Calabrese PP, Yasari A, Striedner Y, Bishara M, Mair T, Ebner T, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E, Tiemann-Boege I. Exploring FGFR3 Mutations in the Male Germline: Implications for Clonal Germline Expansions and Paternal Age-Related Dysplasias. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae015. [PMID: 38411226 PMCID: PMC10898338 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Delayed fatherhood results in a higher risk of inheriting a new germline mutation that might result in a congenital disorder in the offspring. In particular, some FGFR3 mutations increase in frequency with age, but there are still a large number of uncharacterized FGFR3 mutations that could be expanding in the male germline with potentially early- or late-onset effects in the offspring. Here, we used digital polymerase chain reaction to assess the frequency and spatial distribution of 10 different FGFR3 missense substitutions in the sexually mature male germline. Our functional assessment of the receptor signaling of the variants with biophysical methods showed that 9 of these variants resulted in a higher activation of the receptor´s downstream signaling, resulting in 2 different expansion behaviors. Variants that form larger subclonal expansions in a dissected postmortem testis also showed a positive correlation of the substitution frequency with the sperm donor's age, and a high and ligand-independent FGFR3 activation. In contrast, variants that measured high FGFR3 signaling and elevated substitution frequencies independent of the donor's age did not result in measurable subclonal expansions in the testis. This suggests that promiscuous signal activation might also result in an accumulation of mutations before the sexual maturation of the male gonad with clones staying relatively constant in size throughout time. Collectively, these results provide novel insights into our understanding of the mutagenesis of driver mutations and their resulting mosaicism in the male germline with important consequences for the transmission and recurrence of associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Moura
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Ingrid Hartl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Peter P Calabrese
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Atena Yasari
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Yasmin Striedner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Theresa Mair
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Ebner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Eva Sevcsik
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Frasuńska J, Pollak A, Turczyn P, Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A, Pepłowski J, Płoski R, Tarnacka B. A Study of Polish Family with Scoliosis and Limb Contractures Expands the MYH3 Disease Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:125. [PMID: 38275606 PMCID: PMC10815230 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A disease associated with malfunction of the MYH3 gene is characterised by scoliosis, contractures of the V fingers, knees and elbows, dysplasia of the calf muscles, foot deformity and limb length asymmetry. The aim of this study was to identify the cause of musculoskeletal deformities in a three-generation Polish family by exome sequencing. The segregation of the newly described c.866A>C variant of the MYH3 gene in the family indicates an autosomal dominant model of inheritance. The detected MYH3 variant segregates the disease within the family. The presented results expand the MYH3 disease spectrum and emphasize the clinical diagnostic challenge in syndromes harbouring congenital spine defects and joint contractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Frasuńska
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (J.F.); (B.T.)
| | - Agnieszka Pollak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Paweł Turczyn
- Clinic of Early Arthritis, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Jakub Pepłowski
- The Rare Diseases Laboratory, Laboratory of Genetics, University Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Clinical Centre of the Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Beata Tarnacka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (J.F.); (B.T.)
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9
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Annicchiarico-López W, Peña-Pardo LX, Miranda-Quintero JE. Prenatal diagnosis of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome using ultrasound and genetic testing. Case report. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE OBSTETRICIA Y GINECOLOGIA 2023; 74:310-316. [PMID: 38421226 PMCID: PMC10911420 DOI: 10.18597/rcog.4019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To describe a case of prenatal diagnosis of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome based on ultrasound findings and complete fetal exome sequencing. Materials and methods A 33-year-old patient currently on treatment for hypothyroidism in whom a 19-week detailed anatomical ultrasound scan showed fetal deformities in more than two body areas (upper and lower limbs), suggesting a diagnosis of arthrogryposis. Genetic counseling was provided and amniocentesis was performed at 20 weeks for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and complete fetal exome sequencing, with the latter allowing the identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant of the MYH3 gene which is associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis. Conclusions Complete fetal exome sequencing was a key factor in identifying the MYH3 gene mutation and confirmed that the deformities seen on ultrasound were associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis. It is important to perform complete fetal exome sequencing in cases of joint malformations seen on prenatal ultrasound.
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10
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Tang J, Yang B, Song G, Zhang X, Wang Z, Mo Z, Zan L, Wang H. Effect of bovine myosin heavy chain 3 on proliferation and differentiation of myoblast. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4337-4346. [PMID: 36441630 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2149549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The myosin heavy chain 3 (MYH3) gene is an essential gene that affects muscle development. This study aimed to discuss the expression characteristics of the MYH3 gene and its effect on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine myoblasts. Quantitative real time-PCR results display that the expression level of MYH3 was higher in muscle tissue, and the expression increased in the early stage of myoblast differentiation. Interfering with the MYH3 gene in myoblasts resulted in fewer EDU-positive cells and decreased expression of proliferation marker genes. Interference with MYH3 can also affect the differentiation process of myoblasts. Regarding phenotype, myotube differentiation in the interference group was slowed or even stopped. Interference with the expression of MYH3 could significantly reduce the expression of myogenic differentiation marker genes. The above results show that MYH3 is mainly expressed in muscle tissue and is highly expressed in the early stage of differentiation of bovine myoblasts, and interfering with the MYH3 can promote the proliferation and inhibit the differentiation of bovine myoblasts. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the regulatory process of bovine myoblast proliferation and differentiation and bovine molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bohua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Guibing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhicong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhaoyi Mo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Yangling, China
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11
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Yang Y, Zhang W, Wang H. Identification of two novel MYH3 variants causing different phenotypes in prenatal diagnosis. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:1467-1471. [PMID: 37705160 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The MYH3 gene encodes the embryonic myosin heavy chain, which is crucial for the skeletal and muscular development. The MYH3 variants are associated with distal arthrogryposis type 2A (Freeman-Sheldon syndrome), distal arthrogryposis type 2B3 (Sheldon-Hall syndrome), CPSFS1A (Contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpostarsal fusion syndrome 1A) and CPSFS1B, which have some shared characteristics and great variability of clinical phenotypes. In this study, we report two novel MYH3 missense variants c.1024T>G (p.Phe342Val) and c.3872A>C (p.Gln1291Pro), demonstrating different phenotypes in the prenatal setting. This study expands the spectrum of MYH3 variants and supports the domain-specific genotype-phenotype correlation of MYH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Bharadwaj A, Sharma J, Singh J, Kumari M, Dargar T, Kalita B, Mathew SJ. Musculoskeletal defects associated with myosin heavy chain-embryonic loss of function are mediated by the YAP signaling pathway. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17187. [PMID: 37492882 PMCID: PMC10493586 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in MYH3, the gene encoding the developmental myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-embryonic) skeletal muscle-specific contractile protein, cause several congenital contracture syndromes. Among these, recessive loss-of-function MYH3 mutations lead to spondylocarpotarsal synostosis (SCTS), characterized by vertebral fusions and scoliosis. We find that Myh3 germline knockout adult mice display SCTS phenotypes such as scoliosis and vertebral fusion, in addition to reduced body weight, muscle weight, myofiber size, and grip strength. Myh3 knockout mice also exhibit changes in muscle fiber type, altered satellite cell numbers and increased muscle fibrosis. A mass spectrometric analysis of embryonic skeletal muscle from Myh3 knockouts identified integrin signaling and cytoskeletal regulation as the most affected pathways. These pathways are closely connected to the mechanosensing Yes-associated protein (YAP) transcriptional regulator, which we found to be significantly activated in the skeletal muscle of Myh3 knockout mice. To test whether increased YAP signaling might underlie the musculoskeletal defects in Myh3 knockout mice, we treated these mice with CA3, a small molecule inhibitor of YAP signaling. This led to increased muscle fiber size, rescue of most muscle fiber type alterations, normalization of the satellite cell marker Pax7 levels, increased grip strength, reduced fibrosis, and decline in scoliosis in Myh3 knockout mice. Thus, increased YAP activation underlies the musculoskeletal defects seen in Myh3 knockout mice, indicating its significance as a key pathway to target in SCTS and other MYH3-related congenital syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Bharadwaj
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jaydeep Sharma
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jagriti Singh
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Mahima Kumari
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Tanushri Dargar
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Faculte de MedicineInstitut NeuroMyoGeneLyonFrance
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer CenterNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
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13
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Li C, Guan R, Li W, Wei D, Cao S, Chang F, Wei Q, Wei R, Chen L, Xu C, Wu K, Lei D. Analysis of myosin genes in HNSCC and identify MYL1 as a specific poor prognostic biomarker, promotes tumor metastasis and correlates with tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:840. [PMID: 37679666 PMCID: PMC10486092 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors which ranks the sixth incidence in the world. Although treatments for HNSCC have improved significantly in recent years, its recurrence rate and mortality rate remain high. Myosin genes have been studied in a variety of tumors, however its role in HNSCC has not been elucidated. GSE58911 and GSE30784 gene expression profile analysis were performed to detect significantly dys-regulated myosin genes in HNSCC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC database was used to verify the dys-regulated myosin genes and study the relationship between these genes and prognosis in HNSCC. The results showed that MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYH2, and MYH7 were down-regulated, while MYH10 was up-regulated in patients with HNSCC. Interestingly, MYL1, MYL2, MYH1, MYH2, and MYH7 were shown to be unfavorable prognostic markers in HNSCC. It is also worth noting that MYL1 was a specific unfavorable prognostic biomarker in HNSCC. MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYH2, MYH7, and MYH10 promoted CD4 + T cells activation in HNSCC. MYL1 was proved to be down-regulated in HNSCC tissues compared to normal tissues at protein levels. MYL1 overexpression had no effect on proliferation, but significantly promoted migration of Fadu cells. MYL1 increased EGF and EGFR protein expression levels. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between MYL1 expression and Tcm CD8 cells, Tcm CD4 + cells, NK cells, Mast cells, NKT cells, Tfh cells and Treg cells in HNSCC. Overall, MYL1 facilitates tumor metastasis and correlates with tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC and these effects may be associated with the EGF/EGFR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shengda Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fen Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qun Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kainan Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dapeng Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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14
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Chong JX, Childers MC, Marvin CT, Marcello AJ, Gonorazky H, Hazrati LN, Dowling JJ, Al Amrani F, Alanay Y, Nieto Y, Gabriel MÁM, Aylsworth AS, Buckingham KJ, Shively KM, Sommers O, Anderson K, Regnier M, Bamshad MJ. Variants in ACTC1 underlie distal arthrogryposis accompanied by congenital heart defects. HGG ADVANCES 2023; 4:100213. [PMID: 37457373 PMCID: PMC10345160 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Contraction of the human sarcomere is the result of interactions between myosin cross-bridges and actin filaments. Pathogenic variants in genes such as MYH7, TPM1, and TNNI3 that encode parts of the cardiac sarcomere cause muscle diseases that affect the heart, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In contrast, pathogenic variants in homologous genes such as MYH2, TPM2, and TNNI2 that encode parts of the skeletal muscle sarcomere cause muscle diseases affecting skeletal muscle, such as distal arthrogryposis (DA) syndromes and skeletal myopathies. To date, there have been few reports of genes (e.g., MYH7) encoding sarcomeric proteins in which the same pathogenic variant affects skeletal and cardiac muscle. Moreover, none of the known genes underlying DA have been found to contain pathogenic variants that also cause cardiac abnormalities. We report five families with DA because of heterozygous missense variants in the gene actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1). ACTC1 encodes a highly conserved actin that binds to myosin in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Pathogenic variants in ACTC1 have been found previously to underlie atrial septal defect, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction. Our discovery delineates a new DA condition because of variants in ACTC1 and suggests that some functions of ACTC1 are shared in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica X. Chong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Matthew Carter Childers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Colby T. Marvin
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anthony J. Marcello
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hernan Gonorazky
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - James J. Dowling
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Fatema Al Amrani
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Nieto
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Á Marín Gabriel
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arthur S. Aylsworth
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kati J. Buckingham
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Shively
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Olivia Sommers
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kailyn Anderson
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Michael Regnier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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15
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Liu C, Karabina A, Meller A, Bhattacharjee A, Agostino CJ, Bowman GR, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Leinwand LA. Homologous mutations in β, embryonic, and perinatal muscle myosins have divergent effects on molecular power generation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.02.547385. [PMID: 37425764 PMCID: PMC10327197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.02.547385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations at a highly conserved homologous residue in three closely related muscle myosins cause three distinct diseases involving muscle defects: R671C in β -cardiac myosin causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, R672C and R672H in embryonic skeletal myosin cause Freeman Sheldon syndrome, and R674Q in perinatal skeletal myosin causes trismus-pseudocamptodactyly syndrome. It is not known if their effects at the molecular level are similar to one another or correlate with disease phenotype and severity. To this end, we investigated the effects of the homologous mutations on key factors of molecular power production using recombinantly expressed human β , embryonic, and perinatal myosin subfragment-1. We found large effects in the developmental myosins, with the most dramatic in perinatal, but minimal effects in β myosin, and magnitude of changes correlated partially with clinical severity. The mutations in the developmental myosins dramatically decreased the step size and load-sensitive actin-detachment rate of single molecules measured by optical tweezers, in addition to decreasing ATPase cycle rate. In contrast, the only measured effect of R671C in β myosin was a larger step size. Our measurements of step size and bound times predicted velocities consistent with those measured in an in vitro motility assay. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations predicted that the arginine to cysteine mutation in embryonic, but not β , myosin may reduce pre-powerstroke lever arm priming and ADP pocket opening, providing a possible structural mechanism consistent with the experimental observations. This paper presents the first direct comparisons of homologous mutations in several different myosin isoforms, whose divergent functional effects are yet another testament to myosin's highly allosteric nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550
| | - Anastasia Karabina
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Artur Meller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ayan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Colby J Agostino
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Greg R Bowman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kathleen M Ruppel
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - James A Spudich
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Kainomyx, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Leslie A Leinwand
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303
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16
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Hau HTA, Kelu JJ, Ochala J, Hughes SM. Slow myosin heavy chain 1 is required for slow myofibril and muscle fibre growth but not for myofibril initiation. Dev Biol 2023; 499:47-58. [PMID: 37121308 PMCID: PMC10713478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Slow myosin heavy chain 1 (Smyhc1) is the major sarcomeric myosin driving early contraction by slow skeletal muscle fibres in zebrafish. New mutant alleles lacking a functional smyhc1 gene move poorly, but recover motility as the later-formed fast muscle fibres of the segmental myotomes mature, and are adult viable. By motility analysis and inhibiting fast muscle contraction pharmacologically, we show that a slow muscle motility defect persists in mutants until about 1 month of age. Breeding onto a genetic background marking slow muscle fibres with EGFP revealed that mutant slow fibres undergo terminal differentiation, migration and fibre formation indistinguishable from wild type but fail to generate large myofibrils and maintain cellular orientation and attachments. In mutants, initial myofibrillar structures with 1.67 μm periodic actin bands fail to mature into the 1.96 μm sarcomeres observed in wild type, despite the presence of alternative myosin heavy chain molecules. The poorly-contractile mutant slow muscle cells generate numerous cytoplasmic organelles, but fail to grow and bundle myofibrils or to increase in cytoplasmic volume despite passive movements imposed by fast muscle. The data show that both slow myofibril maturation and cellular volume increase depend on the function of a specific myosin isoform and suggest that appropriate force production regulates muscle fibre growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Ting A Hau
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK; Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jeffrey J Kelu
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Julien Ochala
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Simon M Hughes
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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17
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Chong JX, Childers MC, Marvin CT, Marcello AJ, Gonorazky H, Hazrati LN, Dowling JJ, Amrani FA, Alanay Y, Nieto Y, Marín Gabriel MÁ, Aylsworth AS, Buckingham KJ, Shively KM, Sommers O, Anderson K, Regnier M, Bamshad MJ. Variants in ACTC1 underlie distal arthrogryposis accompanied by congenital heart defects. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023. [PMID: 36945405 PMCID: PMC10029015 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.23286862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Contraction of the human sarcomere is the result of interactions between myosin cross-bridges and actin filaments. Pathogenic variants in genes such as MYH7 , TPM1 , and TNNI3 that encode parts of the cardiac sarcomere cause muscle diseases that affect the heart, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In contrast, pathogenic variants in homologous genes MYH2 , TPM2 , and TNNI2 , that encode parts of the skeletal muscle sarcomere, cause muscle diseases affecting skeletal muscle, such as the distal arthrogryposis (DA) syndromes and skeletal myopathies. To date, there have been few reports of genes (e.g., MYH7 ) encoding sarcomeric proteins in which the same pathogenic variant affects both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Moreover, none of the known genes underlying DA have been found to contain mutations that also cause cardiac abnormalities. We report five families with DA due to heterozygous missense variants in the gene actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 ( ACTC1 ). ACTC1 encodes a highly conserved actin that binds to myosin in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. Mutations in ACTC1 have previously been found to underlie atrial septal defect, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction. Our discovery delineates a new DA condition due to mutations in ACTC1 and suggests that some functions of actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 are shared in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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18
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Hitachi K, Kiyofuji Y, Yamaguchi H, Nakatani M, Inui M, Tsuchida K. Simultaneous loss of skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain IIx and IIb causes severe skeletal muscle hypoplasia in postnatal mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22692. [PMID: 36515178 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200581r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain (MyHC) is a fundamental component of the sarcomere structure and muscle contraction. Two of the three adult fast MyHCs, MyHC-IIx and MyHC-IIb, are encoded by Myh1 and Myh4, respectively. However, skeletal muscle disorders have not yet been linked to these genes in humans. MyHC-IIb is barely detectable in human skeletal muscles. Thus, to characterize the molecular function of skeletal muscle MyHCs in humans, investigation of the effect of simultaneous loss of MyHC-IIb and other MyHCs on skeletal muscle in mice is essential. Here, we generated double knockout (dKO) mice with simultaneous loss of adult fast MyHCs by introducing nonsense frameshift mutations into the Myh1 and Myh4 genes. The dKO mice appeared normal after birth and until 2 weeks of age but showed severe skeletal muscle hypoplasia after 2 weeks. In 3-week-old dKO mice, increased expression of other skeletal muscle MyHCs, such as MyHC-I, MyHC-IIa, MyHC-neo, and MyHC-emb, was observed. However, these expressions were not sufficient to compensate for the loss of MyHC-IIb and MyHC-IIx. Moreover, the aberrant sarcomere structure with altered expression of sarcomere components was observed in dKO mice. Our findings imply that the simultaneous loss of MyHC-IIb and MyHC-IIx is substantially detrimental to postnatal skeletal muscle function and will contribute to elucidating the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle wasting disorders caused by the loss of skeletal muscle MyHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Hitachi
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuri Kiyofuji
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hisateru Yamaguchi
- School of Nursing and Medical Care, Yokkaichi Nursing and Medical Care University, Yokkaichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakatani
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Care, Seijoh University, Tokai, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inui
- Laboratory of Animal Regeneration Systemology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuchida
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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19
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Vaiman A, Fritz S, Beauvallet C, Boussaha M, Grohs C, Daniel-Carlier N, Relun A, Boichard D, Vilotte JL, Duchesne A. Mutation of the MYH3 gene causes recessive cleft palate in Limousine cattle. GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION 2022; 54:71. [PMID: 36309651 PMCID: PMC9617432 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-022-00762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background The palate is a structure separating the oral and nasal cavities and its integrity is essential for feeding and breathing. The total or partial opening of the palate is called a cleft palate and is a common malformation in mammals with environmental or hereditary aetiologies. Generally, it compromises life expectancy in the absence of surgical repair. A new form of non-syndromic cleft palate arose recently in Limousine cattle, with animals referred to the French National Observatory of Bovine Abnormalities since 2012. Since the number of affected animals has increased steadily, this study was undertaken to identify the cause of this disease. Results Based on pedigree analysis, occurrence of cleft palate in Limousine cattle was concordant with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Genotyping of 16 affected animals and homozygosity mapping led to the identification of a single disease-associated haplotype on Bos taurus chromosome (BTA)19. The genome of two affected animals was sequenced, and their sequences were compared to the ARS-UCD1.2 reference genome to identify variants. The likely causal variants were compared to the variant database of the 1000 bull genome project and two fully linked mutations in exon 24 of the MYH3 (myosin heavy chain) gene were detected: a 1-bp non-synonymous substitution (BTA19:g.29609623A>G) and a 11-bp frameshift deletion (BTA19:g.29609605-29609615del). These two mutations were specific to the Limousine breed, with an estimated allele frequency of 2.4% and are predicted to be deleterious. The frameshift leads to a premature termination codon. Accordingly, mRNA and protein analyses in muscles from wild-type and affected animals revealed a decrease in MYH3 expression in affected animals, probably due to mRNA decay, as well as an absence of the MYH3 protein in these animals. MYH3 is mostly expressed in muscles, including craniofacial muscles, during embryogenesis, and its absence may impair palate formation. Conclusions We describe a new form of hereditary cleft palate in Limousine cattle. We identified two fully linked and deleterious mutations, ultimately leading to the loss-of-function of the MYH3 protein. The mutations were included on the Illumina EuroG10k v8 and EuroGMD v1 SNP chips and are used to set up a reliable eradication strategy in the French Limousine breed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12711-022-00762-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vaiman
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sébastien Fritz
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christian Beauvallet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mekki Boussaha
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Cécile Grohs
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Anne Relun
- INRAE, Oniris, BIOEPAR, 44300, Nantes, France.,Clinic for Ruminants, Oniris, 44300, Nantes, France
| | - Didier Boichard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Amandine Duchesne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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20
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Wu X, Chu M, Ma X, Pei J, Xiong L, Guo X, Liang C, Yan P. Genome-Wide Identification of RNA Editing Sites Affecting Muscle Development in Yak. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:871814. [PMID: 35836505 PMCID: PMC9274240 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.871814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth and development is a complicated process that is regulated at multiple steps and by numerous myogenesis genes. RNA editing represents one of the events at the post-transcriptional level, which contributes to the diversity of transcriptome and proteome by altering the nucleotides of RNAs. However, RNA editing events in the skeletal muscle of yaks are still not well defined. This study conducted whole-genome RNA-editing identification in skeletal muscle of yaks at embryonic stage (ES) and adult stage (AS). We found a total of 11,168 unique RNA editing sites, most of which were detected in the intergenic region. After annotation, we totally identified 2,718 editing sites within coding regions, among which 858 were missense changes. Moreover, totally 322 editing sites in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTR) were also predicted to alter the set of miRNA target sites, indicating that RNA editing may be involved in translational repression or mRNA degradation. We found 838 RNA editing sites (involving 244 common genes) that are edited differentially in ES as compared to AS. According to the KEGG enrichment analysis, these differentially edited genes were mainly involved in pathways highly related to skeletal muscle development and myogenesis, including MAPK, AMPK, Wnt, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Altogether, our work presents the first characterization of RNA editing sites within yak skeletal muscles on a genome-wide scale and enhances our understanding of the mechanism of skeletal muscle development and myogenesis.
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21
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Lim WC, Shin EJ, Lim TG, Choi JW, Song NE, Hong HD, Cho CW, Rhee YK. Ginsenoside Rf Enhances Exercise Endurance by Stimulating Myoblast Differentiation and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in C2C12 Myotubes and ICR Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121709. [PMID: 35741909 PMCID: PMC9222511 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rf (G-Rf) is a saponin of the protopanaxatriol family and a bioactive component of Korean ginseng. Several ginsenosides are known to have a positive effect on exercise endurance, but there is not yet a report on that of G-Rf. Forced swimming tests were performed on G-Rf-treated mice to evaluate the effect of G-Rf on exercise endurance. Subsequently, the expression of markers related to myoblast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis in murine skeletal C2C12 myotubes and tibialis anterior muscle tissue was determined using Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining to elucidate the mechanism of action of G-Rf. The swimming duration of the experimental animal was increased by oral gavage administration of G-Rf. Moreover, G-Rf significantly upregulated the myoblast differentiation markers, mitochondrial biogenesis markers, and its upstream regulators. In particular, the mitochondrial biogenesis marker increased by G-Rf was decreased by each inhibitor of the upstream regulators. G-Rf enhances exercise endurance in mice, which may be mediated by myoblast differentiation and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis through AMPK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that it increases energy production to satisfy additional needs of exercising muscle cells. Therefore, G-Rf is an active ingredient in Korean ginseng responsible for improving exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Chul Lim
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
| | - Eun Ju Shin
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Division of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Jae Woong Choi
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
| | - Nho-Eul Song
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
| | - Hee-Do Hong
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
| | - Chang-Won Cho
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-W.C.); (Y.K.R.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9312 (C.-W.C.); +82-63-219-9319 (Y.K.R.)
| | - Young Kyoung Rhee
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (W.-C.L.); (E.J.S.); (J.W.C.); (N.-E.S.); (H.-D.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-W.C.); (Y.K.R.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9312 (C.-W.C.); +82-63-219-9319 (Y.K.R.)
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22
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Liu L, Sun L, Chen Y, Wang M, Yu C, Huang Y, Zhao S, Du H, Chen S, Fan X, Tian W, Wu Z, Qiu G, Zhang TJ, Wu N. Delineation of dual molecular diagnosis in patients with skeletal deformity. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:139. [PMID: 35346302 PMCID: PMC8962553 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal deformity is characterized by an abnormal anatomical structure of bone and cartilage. In our previous studies, we have found that a substantial proportion of patients with skeletal deformity could be explained by monogenic disorders. More recently, complex phenotypes caused by more than one genetic defect (i.e., dual molecular diagnosis) have also been reported in skeletal deformities and may complicate the diagnostic odyssey of patients. In this study, we report the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of patients with dual molecular diagnosis and variable skeletal deformities. Results From 1108 patients who underwent exome sequencing, we identified eight probands with dual molecular diagnosis and variable skeletal deformities. All eight patients had dual diagnosis consisting of two autosomal dominant diseases. A total of 16 variants in 12 genes were identified, 5 of which were of de novo origin. Patients with dual molecular diagnosis presented blended phenotypes of two genetic diseases. Mendelian disorders occurred more than once include Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type I (COL1A1, MIM:166200), Neurofibromatosis, Type I (NF1, MIM:162200) and Marfan Syndrome (FBN1, MIM:154700). Conclusions This study demonstrated the complicated skeletal phenotypes associated with dual molecular diagnosis. Exome sequencing represents a powerful tool to detect such complex conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-022-02293-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liying Sun
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yujun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Muchuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chenxi Yu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yingzhao Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huakang Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shaoke Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | | | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Terry Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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23
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Kamien B, Clayton JS, Lee HS, Abeysuriya D, McNamara E, Martinovic J, Gonzales M, Melki J, Ravenscroft G. Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants cause a lethal form of contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome 1B. Neuromuscul Disord 2022; 32:445-449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Hallgrimsdottir S, Zuo Y, Li X, Batkovskyte D, Liu S, Lindelöf H, Wang S, Hammarsjö A, Yang Y, Ye Y, Wang L, Yan Z, Lin J, Yu C, Chen Z, Niu Y, Wang H, Zhao Z, Liu P, Qiu G, Posey JE, Wu Z, Lupski JR, Micule I, Anderlid BM, Voss U, Sulander D, Kuchinskaya E, Nordgren A, Nilsson O, Zhang TJ, Grigelioniene G, Wu N. Expanding the mutation and phenotype spectrum of MYH3-associated skeletal disorders. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:11. [PMID: 35169139 PMCID: PMC8847563 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in MYH3 cause distal arthrogryposis type 2A and type 2B3 as well as contractures, pterygia and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndromes types 1A and 1B. These disorders are ultra-rare and their natural course and phenotypic variability are not well described. In this study, we summarize the clinical features and genetic findings of 17 patients from 10 unrelated families with vertebral malformations caused by dominant or recessive pathogenic variants in MYH3. Twelve novel pathogenic variants in MYH3 (NM_002470.4) were identified: three of them were de novo or inherited in autosomal dominant way and nine were inherited in autosomal recessive way. The patients had vertebral segmentation anomalies accompanied with variable joint contractures, short stature and dysmorphic facial features. There was a significant phenotypic overlap between dominant and recessive MYH3-associated conditions regarding the degree of short stature as well as the number of vertebral fusions. All monoallelic variants caused significantly decreased SMAD3 phosphorylation, which is consistent with the previously proposed pathogenic mechanism of impaired canonical TGF-β signaling. Most of the biallelic variants were predicted to be protein-truncating, while one missense variant c.4244T>G,p.(Leu1415Arg), which was inherited in an autosomal recessive way, was found to alter the phosphorylation level of p38, suggesting an inhibition of the non-canonical pathway of TGF-β signaling. In conclusion, the identification of 12 novel pathogenic variants and overlapping phenotypes in 17 affected individuals from 10 unrelated families expands the mutation and phenotype spectrum of MYH3-associated skeletal disorders. We show that disturbances of canonical or non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways are involved in pathogenesis of MYH3-associated skeletal fusion (MASF) syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Sigrun Hallgrimsdottir
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuzhi Zuo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dominyka Batkovskyte
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hillevi Lindelöf
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shengru Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Anna Hammarsjö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yongyu Ye
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lianlei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zihui Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chenxi Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zefu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuchen Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huizi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, 77021, USA
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ieva Micule
- Clinic of Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics, Children's Clinical University Hospital, Vienibas gatve 45, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Voss
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dennis Sulander
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Kuchinskaya
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University and Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Terry Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key laboratory of big data for spinal deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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25
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Bowman S, Noble G, Rahmani B, Mets M, Ralay Ranaivo H, Castelluccio V. A case of blepharophimosis: Freeman Sheldon syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:130-133. [PMID: 34664542 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1989603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Important implications exist for ophthalmologists when considering possible early surgical intervention for potential amblyogenic anatomical abnormalities. The authors discuss the risks and benefits from an ophthalmological perspective of different interventions and review the genetic testing that confirmed the diagnosis. OBSERVATIONS The authors describe the findings and management of an infant with Freeman Sheldon syndrome presenting with blepharophimosis of both eyelids resulting in inability to open both eyes during the first several days of life. Although the mode of inheritance for Freeman Sheldon syndrome (formerly known as Whistling Face Syndrome) is often autosomal dominant, our patient had no known family history of congenital abnormalities or consanguinity. However, genetic testing confirmed a heterozygous variant in MYH3, consistent with autosomal dominant Freeman Sheldon Syndrome. When our patient required gastrostomy (G-tube_placement, we performed an exam under anesthesia (EUA)). As is typical for Freeman Sheldon syndrome patients, intubation was difficult and complicated by pneumothorax. Eye-opening improved slightly after several weeks of life; however, the decision was made to proceed with eyelid surgery to prevent deprivation amblyopia. Surgery is scheduled for a future date. Additionally, the patient had congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction of the left eye; however, a probing and irrigation failed because of obstruction from the abnormal facial anatomy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE Patients with Freeman Sheldon syndrome are at increased risk for complications from anesthesia and surgery. Risks and benefits should be strongly considered and discussed with parent(s)/guardian(s) prior to any surgical intervention. Genetic testing of the MYH3 gene can confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bowman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gwen Noble
- Ophthalmology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bahram Rahmani
- Ophthalmology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marilyn Mets
- Ophthalmology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Valerie Castelluccio
- Ophthalmology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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26
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Kreienkamp HJ, Wagner M, Weigand H, McConkie-Rossell A, McDonald M, Keren B, Mignot C, Gauthier J, Soucy JF, Michaud JL, Dumas M, Smith R, Löbel U, Hempel M, Kubisch C, Denecke J, Campeau PM, Bain JM, Lessel D. Variant-specific effects define the phenotypic spectrum of HNRNPH2-associated neurodevelopmental disorders in males. Hum Genet 2021; 141:257-272. [PMID: 34907471 PMCID: PMC8807443 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bain type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder, caused by pathogenic missense variants in HRNRPH2, was initially described in six female individuals affected by moderate-to-severe neurodevelopmental delay. Although it was initially postulated that the condition would not be compatible with life in males, several affected male individuals harboring pathogenic variants in HNRNPH2 have since been documented. However, functional in-vitro analyses of identified variants have not been performed and, therefore, possible genotype–phenotype correlations remain elusive. Here, we present eight male individuals, including a pair of monozygotic twins, harboring pathogenic or likely pathogenic HNRNPH2 variants. Notably, we present the first individuals harboring nonsense or frameshift variants who, similarly to an individual harboring a de novo p.(Arg29Cys) variant within the first quasi-RNA-recognition motif (qRRM), displayed mild developmental delay, and developed mostly autistic features and/or psychiatric co-morbidities. Additionally, we present two individuals harboring a recurrent de novo p.(Arg114Trp), within the second qRRM, who had a severe neurodevelopmental delay with seizures. Functional characterization of the three most common HNRNPH2 missense variants revealed dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins harboring the p.(Arg206Gln) and p.(Pro209Leu) variants, located within the nuclear localization signal, whereas proteins with p.(Arg114Trp) showed reduced interaction with members of the large assembly of splicing regulators (LASR). Moreover, RNA-sequencing of primary fibroblasts of the individual harboring the p.(Arg114Trp) revealed substantial alterations in the regulation of alternative splicing along with global transcriptome changes. Thus, we further expand the clinical and variant spectrum in HNRNPH2-associated disease in males and provide novel molecular insights suggesting the disorder to be a spliceopathy on the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Weigand
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner's Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julie Gauthier
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Soucy
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Meghan Dumas
- Division of Genetic, Department of Pediatrics, The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Rosemarie Smith
- Division of Genetic, Department of Pediatrics, The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Ulrike Löbel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jennifer M Bain
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Al-Hamed MH, Kurdi W, Khan R, Tulbah M, AlNemer M, AlSahan N, AlMugbel M, Rafiullah R, Assoum M, Monies D, Shah Z, Rahbeeni Z, Derar N, Hakami F, Almutairi G, AlOtaibi A, Ali W, AlShammasi A, AlMubarak W, AlDawoud S, AlAmri S, Saeed B, Bukhari H, Ali M, Akili R, Alquayt L, Hagos S, Elbardisy H, Akilan A, Almuhana N, AlKhalifah A, Abouelhoda M, Ramzan K, Sayer JA, Imtiaz F. Prenatal exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray analysis in fetal structural anomalies in a highly consanguineous population reveals a propensity of ciliopathy genes causing multisystem phenotypes. Hum Genet 2021; 141:101-126. [PMID: 34853893 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fetal abnormalities are detected in 3% of all pregnancies and are responsible for approximately 20% of all perinatal deaths. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and exome sequencing (ES) are widely used in prenatal settings for molecular genetic diagnostics with variable diagnostic yields. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic yield of trio-ES in detecting the cause of fetal abnormalities within a highly consanguineous population. In families with a history of congenital anomalies, a total of 119 fetuses with structural anomalies were recruited and DNA from invasive samples were used together with parental DNA samples for trio-ES and CMA. Data were analysed to determine possible underlying genetic disorders associated with observed fetal phenotypes. The cohort had a known consanguinity of 81%. Trio-ES led to diagnostic molecular genetic findings in 59 fetuses (with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants) most with multisystem or renal abnormalities. CMA detected chromosomal abnormalities compatible with the fetal phenotype in another 7 cases. Monogenic ciliopathy disorders with an autosomal recessive inheritance were the predominant cause of multisystem fetal anomalies (24/59 cases, 40.7%) with loss of function variants representing the vast majority of molecular genetic abnormalities. Heterozygous de novo pathogenic variants were found in four fetuses. A total of 23 novel variants predicted to be associated with the phenotype were detected. Prenatal trio-ES and CMA detected likely causative molecular genetic defects in a total of 55% of families with fetal anomalies confirming the diagnostic utility of trio-ES and CMA as first-line genetic test in the prenatal diagnosis of multisystem fetal anomalies including ciliopathy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Al-Hamed
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wesam Kurdi
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rubina Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Tulbah
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha AlNemer
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada AlSahan
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maisoon AlMugbel
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafiullah Rafiullah
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirna Assoum
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dorota Monies
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Shah
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Medical Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Derar
- Medical Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Hakami
- King Abdulaziz Medical City/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gawaher Almutairi
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf AlOtaibi
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Ali
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal AlShammasi
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wardah AlMubarak
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia AlDawoud
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saja AlAmri
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer Saeed
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanifa Bukhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Akili
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Alquayt
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Hagos
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Elbardisy
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Akilan
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Almuhana
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar AlKhalifah
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouelhoda
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - John A Sayer
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
- Renal Services, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Tyne and Wear, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Faiqa Imtiaz
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC# 26, P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Saudi Diagnostics Laboratory, KFSHI, P.O.BOX 6802, Riyadh, 12311, Saudi Arabia.
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The Central Role of the F-Actin Surface in Myosin Force Generation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121221. [PMID: 34943138 PMCID: PMC8698748 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Although actin is a highly conserved protein, it is involved in many diverse cellular processes. Actin owes its diversity of function to its ability to bind to a host of actin-binding proteins (ABPs) that localize across its surface. Among the most studied ABPs is the molecular motor, myosin. Myosin generates force on actin filaments by pairing ATP hydrolysis, product release, and actin-binding to the conformational changes that lead to movement. Central to this process is the progression of myosin binding to the actin surface as it moves through its ATPase cycle. During binding, actin acts as a myosin ATPase activator, catalyzing essential hydrolysis release steps. Here, we use the current model of actin-myosin binding as a roadmap to describe the portions of the actin-myosin interface that are sequentially formed throughout the motor cycle. At each step, we compare the interactions of a diverse set of high-resolution actin-myosin cryo-electron microscopy structures to define what portions of the interface are conserved and which are isoform-specific. Abstract Actin is one of the most abundant and versatile proteins in eukaryotic cells. As discussed in many contributions to this Special Issue, its transition from a monomeric G-actin to a filamentous F-actin form plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including control of cell shape and cell motility. Once polymerized from G-actin, F-actin forms the central core of muscle-thin filaments and acts as molecular tracks for myosin-based motor activity. The ATP-dependent cross-bridge cycle of myosin attachment and detachment drives the sliding of myosin thick filaments past thin filaments in muscle and the translocation of cargo in somatic cells. The variation in actin function is dependent on the variation in muscle and non-muscle myosin isoform behavior as well as interactions with a plethora of additional actin-binding proteins. Extensive work has been devoted to defining the kinetics of actin-based force generation powered by the ATPase activity of myosin. In addition, over the past decade, cryo-electron microscopy has revealed the atomic-evel details of the binding of myosin isoforms on the F-actin surface. Most accounts of the structural interactions between myosin and actin are described from the perspective of the myosin molecule. Here, we discuss myosin-binding to actin as viewed from the actin surface. We then describe conserved structural features of actin required for the binding of all or most myosin isoforms while also noting specific interactions unique to myosin isoforms.
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Molecular and cellular basis of genetically inherited skeletal muscle disorders. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:713-732. [PMID: 34257452 PMCID: PMC9686310 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders comprise a diverse group of human inborn diseases that arise from defects in the structure and/or function of the muscle tissue - encompassing the muscle cells (myofibres) themselves and their extracellular matrix - or muscle fibre innervation. Since the identification in 1987 of the first genetic lesion associated with a neuromuscular disorder - mutations in dystrophin as an underlying cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy - the field has made tremendous progress in understanding the genetic basis of these diseases, with pathogenic variants in more than 500 genes now identified as underlying causes of neuromuscular disorders. The subset of neuromuscular disorders that affect skeletal muscle are referred to as myopathies or muscular dystrophies, and are due to variants in genes encoding muscle proteins. Many of these proteins provide structural stability to the myofibres or function in regulating sarcolemmal integrity, whereas others are involved in protein turnover, intracellular trafficking, calcium handling and electrical excitability - processes that ensure myofibre resistance to stress and their primary activity in muscle contraction. In this Review, we discuss how defects in muscle proteins give rise to muscle dysfunction, and ultimately to disease, with a focus on pathologies that are most common, best understood and that provide the most insight into muscle biology.
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Kamil G, Yoon JY, Yoo S, Cheon CK. Clinical relevance of targeted exome sequencing in patients with rare syndromic short stature. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:297. [PMID: 34217350 PMCID: PMC8254301 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale genomic analyses have provided insight into the genetic complexity of short stature (SS); however, only a portion of genetic causes have been identified. In this study, we identified disease-causing mutations in a cohort of Korean patients with suspected syndromic SS by targeted exome sequencing (TES). METHODS Thirty-four patients in South Korea with suspected syndromic disorders based on abnormal growth and dysmorphic facial features, developmental delay, or accompanying anomalies were enrolled in 2018-2020 and evaluated by TES. RESULTS For 17 of 34 patients with suspected syndromic SS, a genetic diagnosis was obtained by TES. The mean SDS values for height, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 for these 17 patients were - 3.27 ± 1.25, - 0.42 ± 1.15, and 0.36 ± 1.31, respectively. Most patients displayed distinct facial features (16/17) and developmental delay or intellectual disability (12/17). In 17 patients, 19 genetic variants were identified, including 13 novel heterozygous variants, associated with 15 different genetic diseases, including many inherited rare skeletal disorders and connective tissue diseases (e.g., cleidocranial dysplasia, Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, Sheldon-Hall, acromesomelic dysplasia Maroteaux type, and microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II). After re-classification by clinical reassessment, including family member testing and segregation studies, 42.1% of variants were pathogenic, 42.1% were likely pathogenic variant, and 15.7% were variants of uncertain significance. Ultra-rare diseases accounted for 12 out of 15 genetic diseases (80%). CONCLUSIONS A high positive result from genetic testing suggests that TES may be an effective diagnostic approach for patients with syndromic SS, with implications for genetic counseling. These results expand the mutation spectrum for rare genetic diseases related to SS in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilyazetdinov Kamil
- Department of Pediatrics, National Children's Medical Center, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ju Young Yoon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sukdong Yoo
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chong Kun Cheon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Korea. .,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
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31
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Whittle J, Johnson A, Dobbs MB, Gurnett CA. Models of Distal Arthrogryposis and Lethal Congenital Contracture Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060943. [PMID: 34203046 PMCID: PMC8234565 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal arthrogryposis and lethal congenital contracture syndromes describe a broad group of disorders that share congenital limb contractures in common. While skeletal muscle sarcomeric genes comprise many of the first genes identified for Distal Arthrogyposis, other mechanisms of disease have been demonstrated, including key effects on peripheral nerve function. While Distal Arthrogryposis and Lethal Congenital Contracture Syndromes display superficial similarities in phenotype, the underlying mechanisms for these conditions are diverse but overlapping. In this review, we discuss the important insights gained into these human genetic diseases resulting from in vitro molecular studies and in vivo models in fruit fly, zebrafish, and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Whittle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | - Aaron Johnson
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | - Matthew B. Dobbs
- Paley Orthopaedic and Spine Institute, West Palm Beach, FL 33407, USA;
| | - Christina A. Gurnett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA;
- Correspondence:
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32
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Holick MF, Shirvani A, Charoenngam N. Fetal Fractures in an Infant with Maternal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, CCDC134 Pathogenic Mutation and a Negative Genetic Test for Osteogenesis Imperfecta. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060512. [PMID: 34204301 PMCID: PMC8235512 DOI: 10.3390/children8060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine fractures are a rare clinical finding caused by abnormal early-life osteogenesis. In this case report, we reported a male infant with twenty-three intrauterine/fetal fractures resembling osteogenesis imperfecta and tested negative for COL1A1 and COL1A2 mutations. The infant’s mother had Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that there were no pathologic mutations previously documented to be associated with intrauterine fracture. Genetic mutations reported to be associated with fragility fractures were identified. These include the pathogenic homozygous mutation in the CCDC134 gene. Other genetic variants that might be responsible for variable expressivity of the skeletal manifestation include the homozygous variants of the genes CCDC134, COL15A1 and ZFPM1, and the heterozygous variants of the genes MYH3, BCHE, AUTS2. This is the first reported case of in utero fractures, that was confirmed by X-ray after birth, in an infant who had no genetic evidence for osteogenesis imperfecta, had a homozygous pathogenic mutation of an osteogenesis gene and whose mother had Ehlers-Danlos syndrome hypermobility type. Therefore, we have identified a new genetic cause for in utero fractures. If after birth, this infant were found to have these fractures in various stages of healing with a negative genetic test for osteogenesis imperfecta he would have been misdiagnosed as due to nonaccidental trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Holick
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-358-6139
| | - Arash Shirvani
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Nipith Charoenngam
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Hall JG, Taualii MM, Speck W. Northwest Indigenous Art and the Inspiring Spirits. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2021; 187:254-260. [PMID: 33982414 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous Art often expresses the complex culture of their creators and provides insight into the origins, histories, and values of that culture. Two examples of Northwest Indigenous Art suggest deeper meanings and the "power" of congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith G Hall
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maile M Taualii
- Kaiser Permanente, Hawaii Permanente Medical Group - Strategy, Leadership, and Communications, Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Wedlidi Speck
- Namgis First Nation, Alert Bay, British Columbia, Canada
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Yu JA, Wang Z, Yang X, Ma M, Li Z, Nie Q. LncRNA-FKBP1C regulates muscle fiber type switching by affecting the stability of MYH1B. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:73. [PMID: 33837177 PMCID: PMC8035166 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are well-known to participate in a variety of important regulatory processes in myogenesis. In our previous RNA-seq study (accession number GSE58755), we found that lncRNA-FKBP1C was differentially expressed between White Recessive Rock (WRR) and Xinghua (XH) chicken. Here, we have further demonstrated that lncRNA-FKBP1C interacted directly with MYH1B by biotinylated RNA pull-down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Protein stability and degradation experiments identified that lncRNA-FKBP1C enhanced the protein stability of MYH1B. Overexpression of lncRNA-FKBP1C inhibited myoblasts proliferation, promoted myoblasts differentiation, and participated in the formation of skeletal muscle fibers. LncRNA-FKBP1C could downregulate the fast muscle genes and upregulate slow muscle genes. Conversely, its interference promoted cell proliferation, repressed cell differentiation, and drove the transformation of slow-twitch muscle fibers to fast-twitch muscle fibers. Similar results were observed after knockdown of the MYH1B gene, but the difference was that the MYH1B gene had no effects on fast muscle fibers. In short, these data demonstrate that lncRNA-FKBP1C could bound with MYH1B and enhance its protein stability, thus affecting proliferation, differentiation of myoblasts and conversion of skeletal muscle fiber types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manting Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources & Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China. .,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.
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35
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Bornstein B, Konstantin N, Alessandro C, Tresch MC, Zelzer E. More than movement: the proprioceptive system as a new regulator of musculoskeletal biology. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Prolonged myosin binding increases muscle stiffness in Drosophila models of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. Biophys J 2021; 120:844-854. [PMID: 33524372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is characterized by congenital contractures resulting from dominant point mutations in the embryonic isoform of muscle myosin. To investigate its disease mechanism, we used Drosophila models expressing FSS myosin mutations Y583S or T178I in their flight and jump muscles. We isolated these muscles from heterozygous mutant Drosophila and performed skinned fiber mechanics. The most striking mechanical alteration was an increase in active muscle stiffness. Y583S/+ and T178I/+ fibers' elastic moduli increased 70 and 77%, respectively. Increased stiffness contributed to decreased power generation, 49 and 66%, as a result of increased work absorbed during the lengthening portion of the contractile cycle. Slower muscle kinetics also contributed to the mutant phenotype, as shown by 17 and 32% decreases in optimal frequency for power generation, and 27 and 41% slower muscle apparent rate constant 2πb. Combined with previous measurements of slower in vitro actin motility, our results suggest a rate reduction of at least one strongly bound cross-bridge cycle transition that increases the time myosin spends strongly bound to actin, ton. Increased ton was further supported by decreased ATP affinity and a 16% slowing of jump muscle relaxation rate in T178I heterozygotes. Impaired muscle function caused diminished flight and jump ability of Y583S/+ and T178I/+ Drosophila. Based on our results, assuming that our model system mimics human skeletal muscle, we propose that one mechanism driving FSS is elevated muscle stiffness arising from prolonged ton in developing muscle fibers.
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Wu S, Li H, Wang L, Mak N, Wu X, Ge R, Sun F, Cheng CY. Motor Proteins and Spermatogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1288:131-159. [PMID: 34453735 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77779-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the intermediate filament- and septin-based cytoskeletons which are apolar structures, the microtubule (MT) and actin cytoskeletons are polarized structures in mammalian cells and tissues including the testis, most notable in Sertoli cells. In the testis, these cytoskeletons that stretch across the epithelium of seminiferous tubules and lay perpendicular to the basement membrane of tunica propria serve as tracks for corresponding motor proteins to support cellular cargo transport. These cargoes include residual bodies, phagosomes, endocytic vesicles and most notably developing spermatocytes and haploid spermatids which lack the ultrastructures of motile cells (e.g., lamellipodia, filopodia). As such, these developing germ cells require the corresponding motor proteins to facilitate their transport across the seminiferous epithelium during the epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis. Due to the polarized natures of these cytoskeletons with distinctive plus (+) and minus (-) end, directional cargo transport can take place based on the use of corresponding actin- or MT-based motor proteins. These include the MT-based minus (-) end directed motor proteins: dyneins, and the plus (+) end directed motor proteins: kinesins, as well as the actin-based motor proteins: myosins, many of which are plus (+) end directed but a few are also minus (-) end directed motor proteins. Recent studies have shown that these motor proteins are essential to support spermatogenesis. In this review, we briefly summarize and evaluate these recent findings so that this information will serve as a helpful guide for future studies and for planning functional experiments to better understand their role mechanistically in supporting spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huitao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingling Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA.,Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nathan Mak
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renshan Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Park J, Kang SW, Choi WA, Lee Y, Cho HE. Response: Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency (Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44:165-70). Ann Rehabil Med 2020; 44:411-413. [PMID: 33152848 PMCID: PMC7655226 DOI: 10.5535/arm.20110.r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Woong Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ah Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yewon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Eol Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Findings, Phenotypes, Diagnostic Accuracy, and Treatment in Freeman-Burian Syndrome. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:1063-1069. [PMID: 32149971 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Freeman-Burian syndrome (FBS) is a rare congenital myopathic craniofacial syndrome. Since publication of the genotype-correlated clinical diagnostic criteria, no complete survey of the literature has been accomplished. As part of the clinical practice guideline development, we evaluate diagnostic accuracy for FBS from 1938 to 2019 and range of findings, complications, treatments, and outcomes. Published manuscripts in PubMed, Google Scholar, and OMIM describing cases with a reported diagnosis of FBS, Sheldon-Hall syndrome, and distal arthrogryposes type 1 and 3 are initially included. Articles with sufficient case-level data for diagnosis verification are analyzed further. Of 724 unique papers considered, 188 papers describing 304 unique patients are included; 101 papers and 119 patients reflect an FBS diagnosis, with 80 patients meeting the full diagnostic criteria. Most cases are re-screened as distal arthrogryposis type 1. Among all cases re-screened as FBS, the presence of FBS pathognomonic craniofacial findings is not correlated with other physical findings. There are no significant differences between patients meeting the full diagnostic criteria and those not, but both are distinct from other diagnoses. Plastic surgery demonstrates the highest cumulative diagnostic accuracy for FBS overall (86.66%), while orthopedic surgery shows the lowest (44.83%). No statistically usable treatment-related or psychosocial data are available. Quality of case reports and patient data vary widely, reducing the statistical strength and significance. Major knowledge gaps exist in treatment, psychosocial, and longitudinal outcomes. At this point, it is impossible to derive clinical practice guidelines exclusively from the literature.
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Whittle J, Antunes L, Harris M, Upshaw Z, Sepich DS, Johnson AN, Mokalled M, Solnica-Krezel L, Dobbs MB, Gurnett CA. MYH3-associated distal arthrogryposis zebrafish model is normalized with para-aminoblebbistatin. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e12356. [PMID: 33016623 PMCID: PMC7645368 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is group of syndromes characterized by congenital joint contractures. Treatment development is hindered by the lack of vertebrate models. Here, we describe a zebrafish model in which a common MYH3 missense mutation (R672H) was introduced into the orthologous zebrafish gene smyhc1 (slow myosin heavy chain 1) (R673H). We simultaneously created a smyhc1 null allele (smyhc1−), which allowed us to compare the effects of both mutant alleles on muscle and bone development, and model the closely related disorder, spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome. Heterozygous smyhc1R673H/+ embryos developed notochord kinks that progressed to scoliosis with vertebral fusions; motor deficits accompanied the disorganized and shortened slow‐twitch skeletal muscle myofibers. Increased dosage of the mutant allele in both homozygous smyhc1R673H/R673H and transheterozygous smyhc1R673H/− embryos exacerbated the notochord and muscle abnormalities, causing early lethality. Treatment of smyhc1R673H/R673H embryos with the myosin ATPase inhibitor, para‐aminoblebbistatin, which decreases actin–myosin affinity, normalized the notochord phenotype. Our zebrafish model of MYH3‐associated DA2A provides insight into pathogenic mechanisms and suggests a beneficial therapeutic role for myosin inhibitors in treating disabling contractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Whittle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lilian Antunes
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mya Harris
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zachary Upshaw
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Diane S Sepich
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron N Johnson
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mayssa Mokalled
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Christina A Gurnett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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41
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Hakonen AH, Lehtonen J, Kivirikko S, Keski-Filppula R, Moilanen J, Kivisaari R, Almusa H, Jakkula E, Saarela J, Avela K, Aittomäki K. Recessive MYH3 variants cause "Contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B" mimicking Escobar variant multiple pterygium syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:2605-2610. [PMID: 32902138 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The multiple pterygium syndromes (MPS) are rare disorders with disease severity ranging from lethal to milder forms. The nonlethal Escobar variant MPS (EVMPS) is characterized by multiple pterygia and arthrogryposis, as well as various additional features including congenital anomalies. The genetic etiology of EVMPS is heterogeneous and the diagnosis has been based either on the detection of pathogenic CHRNG variants (~23% of patients), or suggestive clinical features. We describe four patients with a clinical suspicion of EVMPS who manifested with multiple pterygia, mild flexion contractures of several joints, and vertebral anomalies. We revealed recessively inherited MYH3 variants as the underlying cause in all patients: two novel variants, c.1053C>G, p.(Tyr351Ter) and c.3102+5G>C, as compound heterozygous with the hypomorphic MYH3 variant c.-9+1G>A. Recessive MYH3 variants have been previously associated with spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome. Our findings now highlight multiple pterygia as an important feature in patients with recessive MYH3 variants. Based on all patients with recessive MYH3 variants reported up to date, we consider that this disease entity should be designated as "Contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B," as recently suggested by OMIM. Our findings underline the importance of analyzing MYH3 in the differential diagnosis of EVMPS, particularly as the hypomorphic MYH3 variant might remain undetected by routine exome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Hakonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Lehtonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Kivirikko
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Reetta Kivisaari
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrikki Almusa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eveliina Jakkula
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janna Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Avela
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Guo Y, Kronert WA, Hsu KH, Huang A, Sarsoza F, Bell KM, Suggs JA, Swank DM, Bernstein SI. Drosophila myosin mutants model the disparate severity of type 1 and type 2B distal arthrogryposis and indicate an enhanced actin affinity mechanism. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:24. [PMID: 32799913 PMCID: PMC7429702 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is a group of autosomal dominant skeletal muscle diseases characterized by congenital contractures of distal limb joints. The most common cause of DA is a mutation of the embryonic myosin heavy chain gene, MYH3. Human phenotypes of DA are divided into the weakest form-DA1, a moderately severe form-DA2B (Sheldon-Hall Syndrome), and a severe DA disorder-DA2A (Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome). As models of DA1 and DA2B do not exist, their disease mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS We produced the first models of myosin-based DA1 (F437I) and DA2B (A234T) using transgenic Drosophila melanogaster and performed an integrative analysis of the effects of the mutations. Assessments included lifespan, locomotion, ultrastructural analysis, muscle mechanics, ATPase activity, in vitro motility, and protein modeling. RESULTS We observed significant defects in DA1 and DA2B Drosophila flight and jump ability, as well as myofibril assembly and stability, with homozygotes displaying more severe phenotypes than heterozygotes. Notably, DA2B flies showed dramatically stronger phenotypic defects compared to DA1 flies, mirroring the human condition. Mechanical studies of indirect flight muscle fibers from DA1 heterozygotes revealed reduced power output along with increased stiffness and force production, compared to wild-type controls. Further, isolated DA1 myosin showed significantly reduced myosin ATPase activity and in vitro actin filament motility. These data in conjunction with our sinusoidal analysis of fibers suggest prolonged myosin binding to actin and a slowed step associated with Pi release and/or the power stroke. Our results are supported by molecular modeling studies, which indicate that the F437I and A234T mutations affect specific amino acid residue interactions within the myosin motor domain that may alter interaction with actin and nucleotide. CONCLUSIONS The allele-specific ultrastructural and locomotory defects in our Drosophila DA1 and DA2B models are concordant with the differential severity of the human diseases. Further, the mechanical and biochemical defects engendered by the DA1 mutation reveal that power production, fiber stiffness, and nucleotide handling are aberrant in F437I muscle and myosin. The defects observed in our DA1 and DA2B Drosophila models provide insight into DA phenotypes in humans, suggesting that contractures arise from prolonged actomyosin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Guo
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA
| | - William A Kronert
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA
| | - Karen H Hsu
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA
| | - Alice Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Floyd Sarsoza
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA
| | - Kaylyn M Bell
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jennifer A Suggs
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA
| | - Douglas M Swank
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Sanford I Bernstein
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA.
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Abstract
Myosins constitute a superfamily of actin-based molecular motor proteins that mediates a variety of cellular activities including muscle contraction, cell migration, intracellular transport, the formation of membrane projections, cell adhesion, and cell signaling. The 12 myosin classes that are expressed in humans share sequence similarities especially in the N-terminal motor domain; however, their enzymatic activities, regulation, ability to dimerize, binding partners, and cellular functions differ. It is becoming increasingly apparent that defects in myosins are associated with diseases including cardiomyopathies, colitis, glomerulosclerosis, neurological defects, cancer, blindness, and deafness. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding myosins and disease.
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44
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Zhang J, Chen WQ, Wang SW, Wang SX, Yu M, Guo Q, Yu YD. Identification of a novel pathogenic variant in the MYH3 gene in a five-generation family with CPSFS1A (Contractures, Pterygia, and Spondylocarpotarsal Fusion Syndrome 1A). Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1440. [PMID: 32767732 PMCID: PMC7549579 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is a group of rare Mendelian conditions that demonstrate heterogeneity with respect to genetics and phenotypes. Ten types of DAs, which collectively involve six genes, have been reported. Among them, the MYH3 gene causes several types of arthrogryposis conditions and therefore has a pivotal role in the skeletal and muscle development of the fetus. For this study, we recruited a five‐generation Chinese family with members presenting DA features and phenotypic variability. Further clinical study characterized it as CPSFS1A (Contractures, Pterygia, and Spondylocarpotarsal Fusion Syndrome 1A). Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from eight family members, including one fetus. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was then conducted on the proband's sample, followed by Sanger sequencing as validation for each of the participants. In silico analysis was performed. Western blotting (WB) detection and pathological staining were conducted on skeletal muscle tissue of the induced fetus after prenatal diagnosis. Results A novel heterozygous pathogenic variant, namely NM_002470.3: c.3044_3047delinsTCAATTTGTT: p.E1015_D1016delinsVNLF in the MYH3 gene, was identified and shown to be cosegregated with the condition in the subject family. This variant resulted in the replacement of amino‐acid residues E1015 and D1016 by a string of VNLFs. The pregnancy was selectively terminated because the fetus was genetically affected. However, the WB and pathological results did not indicate a significant change in the norm. Conclusions Our study expanded the variant spectrum of CPSFS1A, in addition to which it provided solid evidence for the appropriateness of genetic counseling and pregnancy management for the family. The results may also provide further insight into the molecular mechanism of MYH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Si-Wen Wang
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shao-Xiong Wang
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Dong Yu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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45
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Chong JX, Talbot JC, Teets EM, Previs S, Martin BL, Shively KM, Marvin CT, Aylsworth AS, Saadeh-Haddad R, Schatz UA, Inzana F, Ben-Omran T, Almusafri F, Al-Mulla M, Buckingham KJ, Harel T, Mor-Shaked H, Radhakrishnan P, Girisha KM, Nayak SS, Shukla A, Dieterich K, Faure J, Rendu J, Capri Y, Latypova X, Nickerson DA, Warshaw DM, Janssen PM, Amacher SL, Bamshad MJ, Bamshad MJ. Mutations in MYLPF Cause a Novel Segmental Amyoplasia that Manifests as Distal Arthrogryposis. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:293-310. [PMID: 32707087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified ten persons in six consanguineous families with distal arthrogryposis (DA) who had congenital contractures, scoliosis, and short stature. Exome sequencing revealed that each affected person was homozygous for one of two different rare variants (c.470G>T [p.Cys157Phe] or c.469T>C [p.Cys157Arg]) affecting the same residue of myosin light chain, phosphorylatable, fast skeletal muscle (MYLPF). In a seventh family, a c.487G>A (p.Gly163Ser) variant in MYLPF arose de novo in a father, who transmitted it to his son. In an eighth family comprised of seven individuals with dominantly inherited DA, a c.98C>T (p.Ala33Val) variant segregated in all four persons tested. Variants in MYLPF underlie both dominant and recessively inherited DA. Mylpf protein models suggest that the residues associated with dominant DA interact with myosin whereas the residues altered in families with recessive DA only indirectly impair this interaction. Pathological and histological exam of a foot amputated from an affected child revealed complete absence of skeletal muscle (i.e., segmental amyoplasia). To investigate the mechanism for this finding, we generated an animal model for partial MYLPF impairment by knocking out zebrafish mylpfa. The mylpfa mutant had reduced trunk contractile force and complete pectoral fin paralysis, demonstrating that mylpf impairment most severely affects limb movement. mylpfa mutant muscle weakness was most pronounced in an appendicular muscle and was explained by reduced myosin activity and fiber degeneration. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that partial loss of MYLPF function can lead to congenital contractures, likely as a result of degeneration of skeletal muscle in the distal limb.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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46
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Parker F, Peckham M. Disease mutations in striated muscle myosins. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:887-894. [PMID: 32651905 PMCID: PMC7429545 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 1000 disease-causing missense mutations have been found in human β-cardiac, α-cardiac, embryonic and adult fast myosin 2a myosin heavy chains. Most of these are found in human β-cardiac myosin heavy chain. Mutations in β-cardiac myosin cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy predominantly, whereas those in α-cardiac are associated with many types of heart disease, of which the most common is dilated cardiomyopathy. Mutations in embryonic and fast myosin 2a affect skeletal muscle function. This review provides a short overview of the mutations in the different myosin isoforms and their disease-causing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Parker
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michelle Peckham
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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47
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Poling MI, Dufresne CR, McCormick RJ. Identification and Recent Approaches for Evaluation and Management of Rehabilitation Concerns for Patients with Freeman-Burian Syndrome: Principles for Global Treatment. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 9:158-163. [PMID: 32714615 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1710339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Freeman-Burian syndrome, formerly Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, is a rare congenital complex myopathic craniofacial syndrome that frequently involves extremity joint deformities, abnormal spinal curvatures, and chest wall mechanical problems that, together with spinal deformities, impair pulmonary function. As part of a clinical practice guideline development, we evaluated 19 rehabilitation-related articles from our formal systematic review, and from these and our experience, we describe rehabilitation considerations. Research in this area has widespread methodologic problems. While many challenges are present, much can be done to afford these patients a good quality of life through careful planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig R Dufresne
- Private Practice, Fairfax, Virginia, United States.,Department of Surgery, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Rodger J McCormick
- Department of Applied Physiology, FSRG deGruyter-McKusick Institute of Health Sciences, Buckhannon, West Virginia, United States
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48
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Park J, Kang SW, Choi WA, Lee Y, Cho HE. Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency. Ann Rehabil Med 2020; 44:165-170. [PMID: 32392656 PMCID: PMC7214134 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2020.44.2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare distal arthrogryposis syndrome. There are few reports on the respiratory insufficiency of FSS. Additionally, there is no detailed information on pulmonary functional evaluation. A 17-year-old male patient with FSS developed respiratory failure, leading him to be admitted to hospital several times for evaluation and treatment. Of those times he was admitted, two were due to pneumonia. His pulmonary functions were indicative of a restrictive lung disease potentially caused by severe scoliosis. After a non-invasive ventilatorwas applied correctly to the patient, pulmonary hypertension was normalized. His pulmonary function has been maintained for 13 years. Since receiving proper respiratory care, which includes assisted coughing methods, the patient has not developed pneumonia. It is important to properly evaluate the pulmonary function of patients who have FSS and scoliosis to eliminate the risk of long-term respiratory complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Woong Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ah Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yewon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Eol Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Identification and Recent Approaches for Evaluation and Management of Dentofacial and Otolaryngologic Concerns for Patients With Freeman-Burian Syndrome: Principles for Global Treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:787-790. [PMID: 31985597 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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50
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Maran S, Ee R, Faten SA, Sy Bing C, Khaw KY, Erin Lim SH, Lai KS, Wan Ibrahim WP, Mohd Zain MR, Chan KG, Gan SH, Tan HL. Mutations in the tail domain of MYH3 contributes to atrial septal defect. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230982. [PMID: 32315303 PMCID: PMC7173802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart defects diagnosed in children. Sarcomeric genes has been attributed to ASD and knockdown of MYH3 functionally homologues gene in chick models indicated abnormal atrial septal development. Here, we report for the first time, a case-control study investigating the role of MYH3 among non-syndromic ASD patients in contributing to septal development. Four amplicons which will amplifies the 40 kb MYH3 were designed and amplified using long range-PCR. The amplicons were then sequenced using indexed paired-end libraries on the MiSeq platform. The STREGA guidelines were applied for planning and reporting. The non-synonymous c. 3574G>A (p.Ala1192Thr) [p = 0.001, OR = 2.30 (1.36-3.87)] located within the tail domain indicated a highly conserved protein region. The mutant model of c. 3574G>A (p.Ala1192Thr) showed high root mean square deviation (RMSD) values compared to the wild model. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide compelling evidence on the pathogenesis of MYH3 variants towards ASD hence, suggesting the crucial role of non-synonymous variants in the tail domain of MYH3 towards atrial septal development. It is hoped that this gene can be used as panel for diagnosis of ASD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathiya Maran
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Robson Ee
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Faten
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Choi Sy Bing
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wan Pauzi Wan Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rizal Mohd Zain
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kok Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Huay Lin Tan
- Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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