1
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Ding Z, Hagan M, Yan F, Schroer NW, Polmear J, Good-Jacobson KL, Dvorscek AR, Pitt C, O’Donnell K, Nutt SL, Zotos D, McKenzie C, Hill DL, Robinson MJ, Quast I, Koentgen F, Tarlinton DM. Ki67 deficiency impedes chromatin accessibility and BCR gene rearrangement. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232160. [PMID: 38842525 PMCID: PMC11157087 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The proliferation marker Ki67 has been attributed critical functions in maintaining mitotic chromosome morphology and heterochromatin organization during the cell cycle, indicating a potential role in developmental processes requiring rigid cell-cycle control. Here, we discovered that despite normal fecundity and organogenesis, germline deficiency in Ki67 resulted in substantial defects specifically in peripheral B and T lymphocytes. This was not due to impaired cell proliferation but rather to early lymphopoiesis at specific stages where antigen-receptor gene rearrangements occurred. We identified that Ki67 was required for normal global chromatin accessibility involving regulatory regions of genes critical for checkpoint stages in B cell lymphopoiesis. In line with this, mRNA expression of Rag1 was diminished and gene rearrangement was less efficient in the absence of Ki67. Transgenes encoding productively rearranged immunoglobulin heavy and light chains complemented Ki67 deficiency, completely rescuing early B cell development. Collectively, these results identify a unique contribution from Ki67 to somatic antigen-receptor gene rearrangement during lymphopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujie Ding
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Feng Yan
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nick W.Y. Schroer
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jack Polmear
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kim L. Good-Jacobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Alexandra R. Dvorscek
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Pitt
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy O’Donnell
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen L. Nutt
- Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dimitra Zotos
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig McKenzie
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danika L. Hill
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marcus J. Robinson
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Isaak Quast
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - David M. Tarlinton
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Schaffer AM, Fiala GJ, Hils M, Natali E, Babrak L, Herr LA, Romero-Mulero MC, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Rizzi M, Miho E, Schamel WWA, Minguet S. Kidins220 regulates the development of B cells bearing the λ light chain. eLife 2024; 13:e83943. [PMID: 38271217 PMCID: PMC10810608 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The ratio between κ and λ light chain (LC)-expressing B cells varies considerably between species. We recently identified Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (Kidins220) as an interaction partner of the BCR. In vivo ablation of Kidins220 in B cells resulted in a marked reduction of λLC-expressing B cells. Kidins220 knockout B cells fail to open and recombine the genes of the Igl locus, even in genetic scenarios where the Igk genes cannot be rearranged or where the κLC confers autoreactivity. Igk gene recombination and expression in Kidins220-deficient B cells is normal. Kidins220 regulates the development of λLC B cells by enhancing the survival of developing B cells and thereby extending the time-window in which the Igl locus opens and the genes are rearranged and transcribed. Further, our data suggest that Kidins220 guarantees optimal pre-BCR and BCR signaling to induce Igl locus opening and gene recombination during B cell development and receptor editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Schaffer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
| | - Gina Jasmin Fiala
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
| | - Miriam Hils
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Eriberto Natali
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, FHNW 15 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandMuttenzSwitzerland
| | - Lmar Babrak
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, FHNW 15 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandMuttenzSwitzerland
| | - Laurenz Alexander Herr
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
| | - Mari Carmen Romero-Mulero
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and EpigeneticsFreiburgGermany
| | - Nina Cabezas-Wallscheid
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and EpigeneticsFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Enkelejda Miho
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, FHNW 15 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandMuttenzSwitzerland
- aiNET GmbHBaselSwitzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Wolfgang WA Schamel
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
| | - Susana Minguet
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical FacultyFreiburgGermany
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3
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Luo X, Wang R, Zhang X, Wen X, Xie W. Identification of key genes associated with heart failure based on bioinformatics analysis and screening of traditional Chinese medicines for the prevention and treatment of heart failure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35959. [PMID: 38065888 PMCID: PMC10713177 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the final stage of heart disease. An increasing number of experiments and clinical reports have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has many therapeutic effects and advantages in treating HF. In this study, we used bioinformatics methods to screen key genes and predict the components of Chinese herbal medicines with preventive and therapeutic effects on HF. GSE120895 and GSE21610 HF chips were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was performed to determine key modules. Genes in key modules were used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes analysis to determine the biological functions. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to screen out key genes, and single-sample GSEA was conducted to screen TCM compounds and effective ingredients of TCM compounds related to HF. We have selected a key module (MeTerquoise) and identified 489 DEGs, of which 357 are up regulated and 132 are down regulated. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes analyses indicated that the DEGs were associated with the extracellular matrix, fat metabolism and inflammatory response. We identified IL2, CXCR4, CCL5, THY1, CCN2, and IL7R as key genes. Single-sample GSEA showed that key genes were mainly related to energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, extracellular matrix, and immunity. Finally, a total of 70 TCM compounds and 30 active ingredients of TCM compounds were identified. Bioinformatics methods were applied to preliminarily predict the key genes and TCM compounds involved in HF. These results provide theoretical support for the treatment of HF with TCM compounds and provide targets and research strategies for the development of related new Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Luo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Sichuan), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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Kaiser FMP, Janowska I, Menafra R, de Gier M, Korzhenevich J, Pico-Knijnenburg I, Khatri I, Schulz A, Kuijpers TW, Lankester AC, Konstantinidis L, Erlacher M, Kloet S, van Schouwenburg PA, Rizzi M, van der Burg M. IL-7 receptor signaling drives human B-cell progenitor differentiation and expansion. Blood 2023; 142:1113-1130. [PMID: 37369082 PMCID: PMC10644098 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although absence of interleukin-7 (IL-7) signaling completely abrogates T and B lymphopoiesis in mice, patients with severe combined immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the IL-7 receptor α chain (IL-7Rα) still generate peripheral blood B cells. Consequently, human B lymphopoiesis has been thought to be independent of IL-7 signaling. Using flow cytometric analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow samples from healthy controls and patients who are IL-7Rα deficient, in combination with in vitro modeling of human B-cell differentiation, we demonstrate that IL-7R signaling plays a crucial role in human B lymphopoiesis. IL-7 drives proliferation and expansion of early B-cell progenitors but not of pre-BII large cells and has a limited role in the prevention of cell death. Furthermore, IL-7 guides cell fate decisions by enhancing the expression of BACH2, EBF1, and PAX5, which jointly orchestrate the specification and commitment of early B-cell progenitors. In line with this observation, early B-cell progenitors of patients with IL-7Rα deficiency still expressed myeloid-specific genes. Collectively, our results unveil a previously unknown role for IL-7 signaling in promoting the B-lymphoid fate and expanding early human B-cell progenitors while defining important differences between mice and humans. Our results have implications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation strategies in patients with T- B+ severe combined immunodeficiency and provide insights into the role of IL-7R signaling in leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian M. P. Kaiser
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iga Janowska
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Melanie de Gier
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jakov Korzhenevich
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pico-Knijnenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Indu Khatri
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C. Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Konstantinidis
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susan Kloet
- Leiden Genome Technology Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline A. van Schouwenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Korzhenevich J, Janowska I, van der Burg M, Rizzi M. Human and mouse early B cell development: So similar but so different. Immunol Lett 2023; 261:1-12. [PMID: 37442242 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Early B cell development in the bone marrow ensures the replenishment of the peripheral B cell pool. Immature B cells continuously develop from hematopoietic stem cells, in a process guided by an intricate network of transcription factors as well as chemokine and cytokine signals. Humans and mice possess somewhat similar regulatory mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis. The continuous discovery of monogenetic defects that impact early B cell development in humans substantiates the similarities and differences with B cell development in mice. These differences become relevant when targeted therapeutic approaches are used in patients; therefore, predicting potential immunological adverse events is crucial. In this review, we have provided a phenotypical classification of human and murine early progenitors and B cell stages, based on surface and intracellular protein expression. Further, we have critically compared the role of key transcription factors (Ikaros, E2A, EBF1, PAX5, and Aiolos) and chemo- or cytokine signals (FLT3, c-kit, IL-7R, and CXCR4) during homeostatic and aberrant B lymphopoiesis in both humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakov Korzhenevich
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iga Janowska
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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6
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Wright NE, Mandal M, Clark MR. Molecular mechanisms insulating proliferation from genotoxic stress in B lymphocytes. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:668-677. [PMID: 37573227 PMCID: PMC10530527 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, B cells strictly segregate proliferation from somatic mutation as they develop within the bone marrow and then mature through germinal centers (GCs) in the periphery. Failure to do so risks autoimmunity and neoplastic transformation. Recent work has described how B cell progenitors transition between proliferation and mutation via cytokine signaling pathways, epigenetic chromatin regulation, and remodeling of 3D chromatin conformation. We propose a three-zone model of the GC that describes how proliferation and mutation are regulated. Using this model, we consider how recent mechanistic discoveries in B cell progenitors inform models of GC B cell function and reveal fundamental mechanisms underpinning humoral immunity, autoimmunity, and lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel E Wright
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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7
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Sigvardsson M. Transcription factor networks link B-lymphocyte development and malignant transformation in leukemia. Genes Dev 2023; 37:703-723. [PMID: 37673459 PMCID: PMC10546977 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349879.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid advances in genomics have opened unprecedented possibilities to explore the mutational landscapes in malignant diseases, such as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This disease is manifested as a severe defect in the production of normal blood cells due to the uncontrolled expansion of transformed B-lymphocyte progenitors in the bone marrow. Even though classical genetics identified translocations of transcription factor-coding genes in B-ALL, the extent of the targeting of regulatory networks in malignant transformation was not evident until the emergence of large-scale genomic analyses. There is now evidence that many B-ALL cases present with mutations in genes that encode transcription factors with critical roles in normal B-lymphocyte development. These include PAX5, IKZF1, EBF1, and TCF3, all of which are targeted by translocations or, more commonly, partial inactivation in cases of B-ALL. Even though there is support for the notion that germline polymorphisms in the PAX5 and IKZF1 genes predispose for B-ALL, the majority of leukemias present with somatic mutations in transcription factor-encoding genes. These genetic aberrations are often found in combination with mutations in genes that encode components of the pre-B-cell receptor or the IL-7/TSLP signaling pathways, all of which are important for early B-cell development. This review provides an overview of our current understanding of the molecular interplay that occurs between transcription factors and signaling events during normal and malignant B-lymphocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Sigvardsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
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8
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Bi QC, Deng ZQ, Lv YF, Liu Y, Xie CS, He YQ, Tang Q. Low Pi stress enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115593. [PMID: 37196682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced-stage HCC; however, clinical trials of sorafenib failed to demonstrate long-term survival benefits due to drug resistance. Low Pi stress has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and the expression of multidrug resistance-associated proteins. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of HCC to sorafenib under conditions of low Pi stress. As a result, we found that low Pi stress facilitated sorafenib-mediated suppression of migration and invasion of HepG-2 and Hepa1-6 cells by decreasing the phosphorylation or expression of AKT, Erk and MMP-9. Angiogenesis was inhibited due to decreased expression of PDGFR under low Pi stress. Low Pi stress also decreased the viability of sorafenib-resistant cells by directly regulating the expression of AKT, HIF-1a and P62. In vivo drug sensitivity analysis in the four animal models showed a similar tendency that low Pi stress enhances sorafenib sensitivity in both the normal and drug-resistant models. Altogether, low Pi stress enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib and expands the indications for sevelamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Chen Bi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang-Feng Lv
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan-Qiao He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qun Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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9
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Das Gupta D, Lohoff M. Puppet masters of B-cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: The preB cell receptor and the interleukin 7 receptor α. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250093. [PMID: 36805963 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
B-cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is enriched for a preB cell phenotype, hinting at a specific vulnerability of this cell stage. Two signaling pathways via the preB cell receptor (preBCR) and the interleukin 7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) chain govern the balance between differentiation and proliferation at this stage and both receptor pathways are routinely altered in human BCP-ALL. Here, we review the immunobiology of both the preBCR as well as the IL-7Rα and analyze the human BCP-ALL spectrum in the light of these signaling complexes. Finally, we present a terminology for preBCR signaling modules that distinguishes a pro-proliferative "phase-I" module from a pro-differentiative "phase-II" module. This terminology might serve as a framework to better address shared oncogenic mechanics of preB cell stage BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Das Gupta
- Institute for Medical Microbiology & Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Medical Department II, Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Lohoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology & Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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10
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Okoreeh MK, Kennedy DE, Emmanuel AO, Veselits M, Moshin A, Ladd RH, Erickson S, McLean KC, Madrigal B, Nemazee D, Maienschein-Cline M, Mandal M, Clark MR. Asymmetrical forward and reverse developmental trajectories determine molecular programs of B cell antigen receptor editing. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabm1664. [PMID: 35930652 PMCID: PMC9636592 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abm1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
During B lymphopoiesis, B cell progenitors progress through alternating and mutually exclusive stages of clonal expansion and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements. Great diversity is generated through the stochastic recombination of Ig gene segments encoding heavy and light chain variable domains. However, this commonly generates autoreactivity. Receptor editing is the predominant tolerance mechanism for self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow (BM). B cell receptor editing rescues autoreactive B cells from negative selection through renewed light chain recombination first at Igκ then Igλ loci. Receptor editing depends on BM microenvironment cues and key transcription factors such as NF-κB, FOXO, and E2A. The specific BM factor required for receptor editing is unknown. Furthermore, how transcription factors coordinate these developmental programs to promote usage of the λ chain remains poorly defined. Therefore, we used two mouse models that recapitulate pathways by which Igλ light chain-positive B cells develop. The first has deleted J kappa (Jκ) genes and hence models Igλ expression resulting from failed Igκ recombination (Igκdel). The second models autoreactivity by ubiquitous expression of a single-chain chimeric anti-Igκ antibody (κ-mac). Here, we demonstrated that autoreactive B cells transit asymmetric forward and reverse developmental trajectories. This imparted a unique epigenetic landscape on small pre-B cells, which opened chromatin to transcription factors essential for Igλ recombination. The consequences of this asymmetric developmental path were both amplified and complemented by CXCR4 signaling. These findings reveal how intrinsic molecular programs integrate with extrinsic signals to drive receptor editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Okoreeh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Growth, Development, Disabilities Training program (GDDTP), Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Domenick E. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Present Address: Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Discovery Platform Technologies, Chemical Biology and Emerging Therapeutics, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Akinola Olumide Emmanuel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Margaret Veselits
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Azam Moshin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Robert H. Ladd
- Cytometry and Antibody Technologies Facility, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Steven Erickson
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Kaitlin C. McLean
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Brianna Madrigal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David Nemazee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Marcus R. Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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11
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Aubrey M, Warburg ZJ, Murre C. Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Adaptive Immune Development. Front Immunol 2022; 13:881656. [PMID: 35634342 PMCID: PMC9134016 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.881656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The E/ID protein axis is instrumental for defining the developmental progression and functions of hematopoietic cells. The E proteins are dimeric transcription factors that activate gene expression programs and coordinate changes in chromatin organization. Id proteins are antagonists of E protein activity. Relative levels of E/Id proteins are modulated throughout hematopoietic development to enable the progression of hematopoietic stem cells into multiple adaptive and innate immune lineages including natural killer cells, B cells and T cells. In early progenitors, the E proteins promote commitment to the T and B cell lineages by orchestrating lineage specific programs of gene expression and regulating VDJ recombination of antigen receptor loci. In mature B cells, the E/Id protein axis functions to promote class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. E protein activity further regulates differentiation into distinct CD4+ and CD8+ T cells subsets and instructs mature T cell immune responses. In this review, we discuss how the E/Id proteins define the adaptive immune system lineages, focusing on their role in directing developmental gene programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Aubrey
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zachary J Warburg
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Cornelis Murre
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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12
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Hutter K, Lindner SE, Kurschat C, Rülicke T, Villunger A, Herzog S. The miR-26 family regulates early B cell development and transformation. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/8/e202101303. [PMID: 35459737 PMCID: PMC9034462 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that promote the sequence-specific repression of their respective target genes, thereby regulating diverse physiological as well as pathological processes. Here, we identify a novel role of the miR-26 family in early B cell development. We show that enhanced expression of miR-26 family members potently blocks the pre-B to immature B cell transition, promotes pre-B cell expansion and eventually enables growth factor independency. Mechanistically, this is at least partially mediated by direct repression of the tumor-suppressor Pten, which consequently enhances PI3K-AKT signaling. Conversely, limiting miR-26 activity in a more physiological loss-of-function approach counteracts proliferation and enhances pre-B cell differentiation in vitro as well as in vivo. We therefore postulate a rheostat-like role for the miR-26 family in progenitor B cells, with an increase in mature miR-26 levels signaling cell expansion, and facilitating pre-B to the immature B cell progression when reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hutter
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silke E Lindner
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Constanze Kurschat
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Herzog
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,Correspondence:
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13
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Torres-Montaner A. The telomere complex and the origin of the cancer stem cell. Biomark Res 2021; 9:81. [PMID: 34736527 PMCID: PMC8567692 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exquisite regulation of telomere length is essential for the preservation of the lifetime function and self-renewal of stem cells. However, multiple oncogenic pathways converge on induction of telomere attrition or telomerase overexpression and these events can by themselves trigger malignant transformation. Activation of NFκB, the outcome of telomere complex damage, is present in leukemia stem cells but absent in normal stem cells and can activate DOT1L which has been linked to MLL-fusion leukemias. Tumors that arise from cells of early and late developmental stages appear to follow two different oncogenic routes in which the role of telomere and telomerase signaling might be differentially involved. In contrast, direct malignant transformation of stem cells appears to be extremely rare. This suggests an inherent resistance of stem cells to cancer transformation which could be linked to a stem cell’specific mechanism of telomere maintenance. However, tumor protection of normal stem cells could also be conferred by cell extrinsic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres-Montaner
- Department of Pathology, Queen's Hospital, Rom Valley Way, London, Romford, RM7 OAG, UK. .,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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14
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Attaway M, Chwat-Edelstein T, Vuong BQ. Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs Modulate Transcriptional Activation During B Cell Development. Front Genet 2021; 12:678084. [PMID: 34721515 PMCID: PMC8551670 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.678084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells play a significant role in the adaptive immune response by secreting immunoglobulins that can recognize and neutralize foreign antigens. They develop from hematopoietic stem cells, which also give rise to other types of blood cells, such as monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells, wherein specific transcriptional programs define the commitment and subsequent development of these different cell lineages. A number of transcription factors, such as PU.1, E2A, Pax5, and FOXO1, drive B cell development. Mounting evidence demonstrates that non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), modulate the expression of these transcription factors directly by binding to the mRNA coding for the transcription factor or indirectly by modifying cellular pathways that promote expression of the transcription factor. Conversely, these transcription factors upregulate expression of some miRNAs and lncRNAs to determine cell fate decisions. These studies underscore the complex gene regulatory networks that control B cell development during hematopoiesis and identify new regulatory RNAs that require additional investigation. In this review, we highlight miRNAs and lncRNAs that modulate the expression and activity of transcriptional regulators of B lymphopoiesis and how they mediate this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Attaway
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tzippora Chwat-Edelstein
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States.,Macaulay Honors College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bao Q Vuong
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States.,The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Ren A, Sun J, Yin W, Westerberg LS, Miller H, Lee P, Candotti F, Guan F, Lei J, Gong Q, Chen Y, Liu C. Signaling networks in B cell development and related therapeutic strategies. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:877-891. [PMID: 34528729 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ru0221-088rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells are essential for Ab production during humoral immune responses. From decades of B cell research, there is now a detailed understanding of B cell subsets, development, functions, and most importantly, signaling pathways. The complicated pathways in B cells and their interactions with each other are stage-dependent, varying with surface marker expression during B cell development. With the increasing understanding of B cell development and signaling pathways, the mechanisms underlying B cell related diseases are being unraveled as well, making it possible to provide more precise and effective treatments. In this review, we describe several essential and recently discovered signaling pathways in B cell development and take a look at newly developed therapeutic strategies targeted at B cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Ren
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianxuan Sun
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lisa S Westerberg
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heather Miller
- The Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fabio Candotti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Second Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Geng T, Yang D, Lin T, Harrison AG, Wang B, Torrance B, Wang K, Wang Y, Yang L, Haynes L, Cheng G, Vella AT, Fikrig E, Wang P. An Essential Role of UBXN3B in B Lymphopoiesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34462748 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.04.433919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is finely regulated to enable timely production of the right numbers and types of mature immune cells to maintain tissue homeostasis. Dysregulated hematopoiesis may compromise antiviral immunity and/or exacerbate immunopathogenesis. Herein, we report an essential role of UBXN3B in maintenance of hematopoietic homeostasis and restriction of immunopathogenesis during respiratory viral infection. Ubxn3b deficient ( Ubxn3b -/- ) mice are highly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infection, characterized by more severe lung immunopathology, lower virus-specific IgG, significantly fewer B cells, but more myeloid cells than Ubxn3b +/+ littermates. This aberrant immune compartmentalization is recapitulated in uninfected Ubxn3b -/- mice. Mechanistically, UBXN3B controls precursor B-I (pre-BI) transition to pre-BII and subsequent proliferation in a cell-intrinsic manner, by maintaining BLNK protein stability and pre-BCR signaling. These results reveal an essential role of UBXN3B for the early stage of B cell development.
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17
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Zheng Z, Zhang L, Cui XL, Yu X, Hsu PJ, Lyu R, Tan H, Mandal M, Zhang M, Sun HL, Sanchez Castillo A, Peng J, Clark MR, He C, Huang H. Control of Early B Cell Development by the RNA N 6-Methyladenosine Methylation. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107819. [PMID: 32610122 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is installed by the METTL3-METTL14 methyltransferase complex. This modification has critical regulatory roles in various biological processes. Here, we report that deletion of Mettl14 dramatically reduces mRNA m6A methylation in developing B cells and severely blocks B cell development in mice. Deletion of Mettl14 impairs interleukin-7 (IL-7)-induced pro-B cell proliferation and the large-pre-B-to-small-pre-B transition and causes dramatic abnormalities in gene expression programs important for B cell development. Suppression of a group of transcripts by cytoplasmic m6A reader YTHDF2 is critical to the IL-7-induced pro-B cell proliferation. In contrast, the block in the large-pre-B-to-small-pre-B transition is independent of YTHDF1 or YTHDF2 but is associated with a failure to properly upregulate key transcription factors regulating this transition. Our data highlight the important regulatory roles of the RNA m6A methylation and its reader proteins in early B cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Linda Zhang
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiao-Long Cui
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xianbin Yu
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Phillip J Hsu
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ruitu Lyu
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Haiyan Tan
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michelle Zhang
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hui-Lung Sun
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Arantxa Sanchez Castillo
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Haochu Huang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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18
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Signalling input from divergent pathways subverts B cell transformation. Nature 2020; 583:845-851. [PMID: 32699415 PMCID: PMC7394729 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Malignant transformation typically involves multiple genetic lesions whose combined activity gives rise to cancer1. Our analysis of 1,148 patient-derived B-cell leukemia (B-ALL) samples revealed that individual mutations did not promote leukemogenesis unless they converged on one single oncogenic pathway characteristic for the differentiation stage of transformed B cells. Mutations not aligned with the central oncogenic driver activated divergent pathways and subverted transformation. Oncogenic lesions in B-ALL frequently mimic cytokine receptor signaling at the pro-B cell stage (through activation of STAT5)2–4 or the pre-B cell receptor in more mature cells (through activation of ERK)5–8. STAT5- and ERK-activating lesions were frequently found but only co-occurred in ~3% of cases (P=2.2E-16). Single-cell mutation and phosphoprotein analyses revealed the segregation of oncogenic STAT5- or ERK-activation to competing clones. STAT5 and ERK engaged opposing biochemical and transcriptional programs orchestrated by MYC and BCL6, respectively. Genetic reactivation of the divergent (suppressed) pathway came at the expense of the principal oncogenic driver and reversed transformation. Conversely, deletion of divergent pathway components accelerated leukemogenesis. Thus, persistence of divergent signaling pathways represents a powerful barrier to transformation while convergence on one principal driver defines a central event in leukemia-initiation. Pharmacological reactivation of suppressed divergent circuits strongly synergized with inhibition of the principal oncogenic driver. Hence, reactivation of divergent pathways can be leveraged as a previously unrecognized strategy to deepen treatment responses.
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19
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McLean KC, Mandal M. It Takes Three Receptors to Raise a B Cell. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:629-642. [PMID: 32451219 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the unique source of diverse immunoglobulin repertoires, B lymphocytes are an indispensable part of humoral immunity. B cell progenitors progress through sequential and mutually exclusive states of proliferation and recombination, coordinated by cytokines and chemokines. Mutations affecting the crucial pre-B cell checkpoint result in immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and leukemia. This checkpoint was previously modeled by the signaling of two opposing receptors, IL-7R and the pre-BCR. We provide an update to this model in which three receptors, IL-7R, pre-BCR, and CXCR4, work in concert to coordinate both the proper positioning of B cell progenitors in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment and their progression through the pre-B checkpoint. Furthermore, signaling initiated by all three receptors directly instructs cell fate and developmental progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin C McLean
- Section of Rheumatology, and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Malay Mandal
- Section of Rheumatology, and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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20
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Monzón-Casanova E, Matheson LS, Tabbada K, Zarnack K, Smith CWJ, Turner M. Polypyrimidine tract-binding proteins are essential for B cell development. eLife 2020; 9:e53557. [PMID: 32081131 PMCID: PMC7058386 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is a RNA-binding protein (RBP) expressed throughout B cell development. Deletion of Ptbp1 in mouse pro-B cells results in upregulation of PTBP2 and normal B cell development. We show that PTBP2 compensates for PTBP1 in B cell ontogeny as deletion of both Ptbp1 and Ptbp2 results in a complete block at the pro-B cell stage and a lack of mature B cells. In pro-B cells PTBP1 ensures precise synchronisation of the activity of cyclin dependent kinases at distinct stages of the cell cycle, suppresses S-phase entry and promotes progression into mitosis. PTBP1 controls mRNA abundance and alternative splicing of important cell cycle regulators including CYCLIN-D2, c-MYC, p107 and CDC25B. Our results reveal a previously unrecognised mechanism mediated by a RBP that is essential for B cell ontogeny and integrates transcriptional and post-translational determinants of progression through the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Monzón-Casanova
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Louise S Matheson
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kristina Tabbada
- Next Generation Sequencing Facility, The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | | | - Martin Turner
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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21
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Greenberg ZJ, Monlish DA, Bartnett RL, Yang Y, Shen G, Li W, Bednarski JJ, Schuettpelz LG. The Tetraspanin CD53 Regulates Early B Cell Development by Promoting IL-7R Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 204:58-67. [PMID: 31748347 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The tetraspanin CD53 has been implicated in B cell development and function. CD53 is a transcriptional target of EBF1, a critical transcription factor for early B cell development. Further, human deficiency of CD53 results in recurrent infections and reduced serum Igs. Although prior studies have indicated a role for CD53 in regulating mature B cells, its role in early B cell development is not well understood. In this study, we show that CD53 expression, which is minimal on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, increases throughout bone marrow B cell maturation, and mice lacking CD53 have significantly decreased bone marrow, splenic, lymphatic, and peripheral B cells. Mixed bone marrow chimeras show that CD53 functions cell autonomously to promote B lymphopoiesis. Cd53-/- mice have reduced surface expression of IL-7Rα and diminished phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and JAK/STAT signaling in prepro- and pro-B cells. Signaling through these pathways via IL-7R is essential for early B cell survival and transition from the pro-B to pre-B cell developmental stage. Indeed, we find increased apoptosis in developing B cells and an associated reduction in pre-B and immature B cell populations in the absence of CD53. Coimmunoprecipitation and proximity ligation studies demonstrate physical interaction between CD53 and IL-7R. Together, these data, to our knowledge, suggest a novel role for CD53 during IL-7 signaling to promote early B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zev J Greenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Darlene A Monlish
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Rachel L Bartnett
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Yihu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
| | - Guomin Shen
- College of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikai Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
| | - Jeffrey J Bednarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Laura G Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
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22
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Wong JB, Hewitt SL, Heltemes-Harris LM, Mandal M, Johnson K, Rajewsky K, Koralov SB, Clark MR, Farrar MA, Skok JA. B-1a cells acquire their unique characteristics by bypassing the pre-BCR selection stage. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4768. [PMID: 31628339 PMCID: PMC6802180 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
B-1a cells are long-lived, self-renewing innate-like B cells that predominantly inhabit the peritoneal and pleural cavities. In contrast to conventional B-2 cells, B-1a cells have a receptor repertoire that is biased towards bacterial and self-antigens, promoting a rapid response to infection and clearing of apoptotic cells. Although B-1a cells are known to primarily originate from fetal tissues, the mechanisms by which they arise has been a topic of debate for many years. Here we show that in the fetal liver versus bone marrow environment, reduced IL-7R/STAT5 levels promote immunoglobulin kappa gene recombination at the early pro-B cell stage. As a result, differentiating B cells can directly generate a mature B cell receptor (BCR) and bypass the requirement for a pre-BCR and pairing with surrogate light chain. This ‘alternate pathway’ of development enables the production of B cells with self-reactive, skewed specificity receptors that are peculiar to the B-1a compartment. Together our findings connect seemingly opposing lineage and selection models of B-1a cell development and explain how these cells acquire their unique properties. B-1a B cells are innate-like cells with biased reactivity to bacteria and self-antigens. Here the authors show that reduced interleukin-7 in developing fetal liver-derived pro-B cells induces premature immunoglobulin κ rearrangement, alleviating the requirement for a pre-BCR selection stage and allowing the generation of autoreactive B1-a B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason B Wong
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susannah L Hewitt
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lynn M Heltemes-Harris
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristen Johnson
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Rajewsky
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergei B Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael A Farrar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jane A Skok
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Mandal M, Okoreeh MK, Kennedy DE, Maienschein-Cline M, Ai J, McLean KC, Kaverina N, Veselits M, Aifantis I, Gounari F, Clark MR. CXCR4 signaling directs Igk recombination and the molecular mechanisms of late B lymphopoiesis. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1393-1403. [PMID: 31477919 PMCID: PMC6754289 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In B lymphopoiesis, activation of the pre-B cell antigen receptor (pre-BCR) is associated with both cell cycle exit and Igk recombination. Yet how the pre-BCR mediates these functions remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the pre-BCR initiates a feed-forward amplification loop mediated by the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 and the chemokine receptor C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). CXCR4 ligation by C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, which then directs the development of small pre- and immature B cells, including orchestrating cell cycle exit, pre-BCR repression, Igk recombination and BCR expression. In contrast, pre-BCR expression and escape from interleukin-7 have only modest effects on B cell developmental transcriptional and epigenetic programs. These data show a direct and central role for CXCR4 in orchestrating late B cell lymphopoiesis. Furthermore, in the context of previous findings, our data provide a three-receptor system sufficient to recapitulate the essential features of B lymphopoiesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Michael K Okoreeh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Domenick E Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Junting Ai
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaitlin C McLean
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalya Kaverina
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Margaret Veselits
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fotini Gounari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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24
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Abstract
The vertebrate immune system is tasked with the challenge of responding to any pathogen the organism might encounter, and retaining memory of that pathogen in case of future infection. Recognition and memory of pathogens are encoded within the adaptive immune system and production of T and B lymphocytes with diverse antigen receptor repertoires. In B lymphocytes, diversity is generated by sequential recombination between Variable (V), Diversity (D) and Joining (J) gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (Igh) and subsequent V-J recombination in immunoglobulin light chain genes (Igκ followed by Igλ). However, the process by which particular V, D and J segments are selected during recombination, and stochasticity is maintained to ensure antibody repertoire diversity, is still unclear. In this review, we focus on Igκ and recent findings regarding the relationships between gene structure, the generation of diversity and allelic choice. Surprisingly, the nuclear environment in which each Igκ allele resides, including transcription factories assembled on the nuclear matrix, plays critical roles in both gene regulation and in shaping the diversity of Vκ genes accessible to recombination. These findings provide a new paradigm for understanding Igκ recombination and Vκ diversity in the context of B lymphopoiesis.
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25
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Mandal M, Maienschein-Cline M, Maffucci P, Veselits M, Kennedy DE, McLean KC, Okoreeh MK, Karki S, Cunningham-Rundles C, Clark MR. BRWD1 orchestrates epigenetic landscape of late B lymphopoiesis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3888. [PMID: 30250168 PMCID: PMC6155124 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) networks determine cell fate in hematopoiesis. However, how TFs cooperate with other regulatory mechanisms to instruct transcription remains poorly understood. Here we show that in small pre-B cells, the lineage restricted epigenetic reader BRWD1 closes early development enhancers and opens the enhancers of late B lymphopoiesis to TF binding. BRWD1 regulates over 7000 genes to repress proliferative and induce differentiation programs. However, BRWD1 does not regulate the expression of TFs required for B lymphopoiesis. Hypogammaglobulinemia patients with BRWD1 mutations have B-cell transcriptional profiles and enhancer landscapes similar to those observed in Brwd1-/- mice. These data indicate that, in both mice and humans, BRWD1 is a master orchestrator of enhancer accessibility that cooperates with TF networks to drive late B-cell development. B-cell development is tightly regulated by transcription programs that are coordinated by transcription factors (TF) and locus accessibility. Here the authors show that, in mice and humans, the epigenetic reader BRWD1 inhibits and promotes the accessibility of enhancers for early and late B lymphopoiesis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Mandal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Mark Maienschein-Cline
- Core for Research Informatics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick Maffucci
- Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Veselits
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Domenick E Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaitlin C McLean
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael K Okoreeh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophiya Karki
- Department of Research Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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26
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Sigvardsson M. Molecular Regulation of Differentiation in Early B-Lymphocyte Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071928. [PMID: 29966360 PMCID: PMC6073616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocyte differentiation is one of the best understood developmental pathways in the hematopoietic system. Our understanding of the developmental trajectories linking the multipotent hematopoietic stem cell to the mature functional B-lymphocyte is extensive as a result of efforts to identify and prospectively isolate progenitors at defined maturation stages. The identification of defined progenitor compartments has been instrumental for the resolution of the molecular features that defines given developmental stages as well as for our understanding of the mechanisms that drive the progressive maturation process. Over the last years it has become increasingly clear that the regulatory networks that control normal B-cell differentiation are targeted by mutations in human B-lineage malignancies. This generates a most interesting link between development and disease that can be explored to improve diagnosis and treatment protocols in lymphoid malignancies. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of our current understanding of molecular regulation in normal and malignant B-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Sigvardsson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden.
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27
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Fahl SP, Daamen AR, Crittenden RB, Bender TP. c-Myb Coordinates Survival and the Expression of Genes That Are Critical for the Pre-BCR Checkpoint. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3450-3463. [PMID: 29654210 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The c-Myb transcription factor is required for adult hematopoiesis, yet little is known about c-Myb function during lineage-specific differentiation due to the embryonic lethality of Myb-null mutations. We previously used tissue-specific inactivation of the murine Myb locus to demonstrate that c-Myb is required for differentiation to the pro-B cell stage, survival during the pro-B cell stage, and the pro-B to pre-B cell transition during B lymphopoiesis. However, few downstream mediators of c-Myb-regulated function have been identified. We demonstrate that c-Myb regulates the intrinsic survival of CD19+ pro-B cells in the absence of IL-7 by repressing expression of the proapoptotic proteins Bmf and Bim and that levels of Bmf and Bim mRNA are further repressed by IL-7 signaling in pro-B cells. c-Myb regulates two crucial components of the IL-7 signaling pathway: the IL-7Rα-chain and the negative regulator SOCS3 in CD19+ pro-B cells. Bypassing IL-7R signaling through constitutive activation of Stat5b largely rescues survival of c-Myb-deficient pro-B cells, whereas constitutively active Akt is much less effective. However, rescue of pro-B cell survival is not sufficient to rescue proliferation of pro-B cells or the pro-B to small pre-B cell transition, and we further demonstrate that c-Myb-deficient large pre-B cells are hypoproliferative. Analysis of genes crucial for the pre-BCR checkpoint demonstrates that, in addition to IL-7Rα, the genes encoding λ5, cyclin D3, and CXCR4 are downregulated in the absence of c-Myb, and λ5 is a direct c-Myb target. Thus, c-Myb coordinates survival with the expression of genes that are required during the pre-BCR checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Fahl
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Andrea R Daamen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Rowena B Crittenden
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Timothy P Bender
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and .,Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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28
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Heizmann B, Kastner P, Chan S. The Ikaros family in lymphocyte development. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Abstract
Targeted therapy of cancer typically focuses on inhibitors (for example, tyrosine kinase inhibitors) that suppress oncogenic signalling below a minimum threshold required for survival and proliferation of cancer cells. B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and B cell lymphomas originate from various stages of development of B cells, which, unlike other cell types, are under intense selective pressure. The vast majority of newly generated B cells are autoreactive and die by negative selection at autoimmunity checkpoints (AICs). Owing to ubiquitous encounters with self-antigen, autoreactive B cells are eliminated by the overwhelming signalling strength of their autoreactive B cell receptor (BCR). A series of recent findings suggests that, despite malignant transformation, AICs are fully functional in B cell malignancies. This Opinion article proposes targeted engagement of AICs as a previously unrecognized therapeutic opportunity to overcome drug resistance in B cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Müschen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute and National Cancer Institute (NCI) Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Arcadia, California 91006, USA
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30
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Gan T, Li BE, Mishra BP, Jones KL, Ernst P. MLL1 Promotes IL-7 Responsiveness and Survival during B Cell Differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:1682-1691. [PMID: 29351999 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocyte differentiation is an exquisitely regulated homeostatic process resulting in continuous production of appropriately selected B cells. Relatively small changes in gene expression can result in deregulation of this process, leading to acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), immune deficiency, or autoimmunity. Translocation of MLL1 (KMT2A) often results in a pro-B cell ALL, but little is known about its role in normal B cell differentiation. Using a Rag1-cre mouse knock-in to selectively delete Mll1 in developing lymphocytes, we show that B cell, but not T cell, homeostasis depends on MLL1. Mll1-/- B progenitors fail to differentiate efficiently through the pro- to pre-B cell transition, resulting in a persistent reduction in B cell populations. Cells inefficiently transit the pre-BCR checkpoint, despite normal to higher levels of pre-BCR components, and rearranged IgH expression fails to rescue this differentiation block. Instead of IgH-rearrangement defects, we find that Mll1-/- pre-B cells exhibit attenuated RAS/MAPK signaling downstream of the pre-BCR, which results in reduced survival in physiologic levels of IL-7. Genome-wide expression data illustrate that MLL1 is connected to B cell differentiation and IL-7-dependent survival through a complex transcriptional network. Overall, our data demonstrate that wild-type MLL1 is a regulator of pre-BCR signaling and B cell differentiation and further suggest that targeting its function in pro-B cell ALL may be more broadly effective than previously anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gan
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Bin E Li
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Bibhu P Mishra
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant Section, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; and.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Patricia Ernst
- Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant Section, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; and .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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31
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The mTOR-Bach2 Cascade Controls Cell Cycle and Class Switch Recombination during B Cell Differentiation. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00418-17. [PMID: 28993481 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00418-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Bach2 regulates both acquired and innate immunity at multiple steps, including antibody class switching and regulatory T cell development in activated B and T cells, respectively. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of Bach2 regulation in response to signaling of cytokines and antigen. We show here that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls Bach2 along B cell differentiation with two distinct mechanisms in pre-B cells. First, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibited accumulation of Bach2 protein in nuclei and reduced its stability. Second, mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) inhibited FoxO1 to reduce Bach2 mRNA expression. Using expression profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, the Ccnd3 gene, encoding cyclin D3, was identified as a new direct target of Bach2. A proper cell cycle was lost at pre-B and mature B cell stages in Bach2-deficient mice. Furthermore, AZD8055, an mTOR inhibitor, increased class switch recombination in wild-type mature B cells but not in Bach2-deficient cells. These results suggest that the mTOR-Bach2 cascade regulates proper cell cycle arrest in B cells as well as immunoglobulin gene rearrangement.
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32
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Lindner SE, Lohmüller M, Kotkamp B, Schuler F, Knust Z, Villunger A, Herzog S. The miR-15 family reinforces the transition from proliferation to differentiation in pre-B cells. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:1604-1617. [PMID: 28705801 PMCID: PMC5579393 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Precursor B lymphocytes expand upon expression of a pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR), but then transit into a resting state in which immunoglobulin light chain gene recombination is initiated. This bi-phasic sequence is orchestrated by the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) and pre-BCR signaling, respectively, but little is known about microRNAs fine-tuning these events. Here, we show that pre-B cells lacking miR-15 family functions exhibit prolonged proliferation due to aberrant expression of the target genes cyclin E1 and D3. As a consequence, they fail to trigger the transcriptional reprogramming normally accompanying their differentiation, resulting in a developmental block at the pre-B cell stage. Intriguingly, our data indicate that the miR-15 family is suppressed by both IL-7R and pre-BCR signaling, suggesting it is actively integrated into the regulatory circuits of developing B cells. These findings identify the miR-15 family as a novel element required to promote the switch from pre-B cell proliferation to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke E Lindner
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Lohmüller
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianka Kotkamp
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Schuler
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zeynep Knust
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Herzog
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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33
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Barr JY, Goodfellow RX, Colgan DF, Colgan JD. Early B Cell Progenitors Deficient for GON4L Fail To Differentiate Due to a Block in Mitotic Cell Division. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3978-3988. [PMID: 28381640 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
B cell development in Justy mutant mice is blocked due to a precursor mRNA splicing defect that depletes the protein GON4-like (GON4L) in B cell progenitors. Genetic and biochemical studies have suggested that GON4L is a transcriptional regulator that coordinates cell division with differentiation, but its role in B cell development is unknown. To understand the function of GON4L, we characterized B cell differentiation, cell cycle control, and mitotic gene expression in GON4L-deficient B cell progenitors from Justy mice. We found that these cells established key aspects of the transcription factor network that guides B cell development and proliferation and rearranged the IgH gene locus. However, despite intact IL-7 signaling, GON4L-deficient pro-B cell stage precursors failed to undergo a characteristic IL-7-dependent proliferative burst. These cells also failed to upregulate genes required for mitotic division, including those encoding the G1/S cyclin D3 and E2F transcription factors and their targets. Additionally, GON4L-deficient B cell progenitors displayed defects in DNA synthesis and passage through the G1/S transition, contained fragmented DNA, and underwent apoptosis. These phenotypes were not suppressed by transgenic expression of prosurvival factors. However, transgenic expression of cyclin D3 or other regulators of the G1/S transition restored pro-B cell development from Justy progenitor cells, suggesting that GON4L acts at the beginning of the cell cycle. Together, our findings indicate that GON4L is essential for cell cycle progression and division during the early stages of B cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Barr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Renee X Goodfellow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242; and
| | - Diana F Colgan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242; and
| | - John D Colgan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242; .,Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242; and.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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34
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Abstract
In human T cell development, the mechanisms that regulate cell fate decisions after TCRβ expression remain unclear. We defined the stages of T cell development that flank TCRβ expression and found distinct patterns of human T cell development. In half the subjects, T cell development progressed from the CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative stage to the CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) stage through an immature single-positive (ISP) CD4(+) intermediate. However, in some patients, CD4 and CD8 were expressed simultaneously and the ISP population was small. In each group of patients, CD3(-) ISP and DP thymocytes were subdivided into ISP1, ISP2, DP1, DP2, DP3, DP4, and DP5 developmental stages according to their expression of CD28, CD44, CD1a, CD7, CD45RO, and CD38. The ISP2, DP2, and DP3 thymocyte populations proliferated more robustly than ISP1 and DP1 and expressed markers consistent with TCRβ expression. After the DP3 stage, proliferation returned to baseline levels. We then analyzed protein levels of Ikaros, Helios, and Aiolos, the three Ikaros family members most abundantly expressed in human thymocytes. Ikaros and Helios expression increased transiently at the ISP2, DP2, and DP3 populations. Aiolos expression also increased at the ISP2, DP2, and DP3 stages, but its expression remained elevated throughout the DP4 and DP5 stages. In summary, we propose a model of human T cell development that reflects the asynchronous nature of TCRβ expression and we define the subpopulations of thymocytes that are highly proliferative and express Ikaros family members.
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35
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Erasmus MF, Matlawska-Wasowska K, Kinjyo I, Mahajan A, Winter SS, Xu L, Horowitz M, Lidke DS, Wilson BS. Dynamic pre-BCR homodimers fine-tune autonomous survival signals in B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra116. [PMID: 27899526 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf3949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) is an immature form of the BCR critical for early B lymphocyte development. It is composed of the membrane-bound immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain, surrogate light chain components, and the signaling subunits Igα and Igβ. We developed monovalent quantum dot (QD)-labeled probes specific for Igβ to study the behavior of pre-BCRs engaged in autonomous, ligand-independent signaling in live B cells. Single-particle tracking revealed that QD-labeled pre-BCRs engaged in transient, but frequent, homotypic interactions. Receptor motion was correlated at short separation distances, consistent with the formation of dimers and higher-order oligomers. Repeated encounters between diffusing pre-BCRs appeared to reflect transient co-confinement in plasma membrane domains. In human B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cells, we showed that frequent, short-lived, homotypic pre-BCR interactions stimulated survival signals, including expression of BCL6, which encodes a transcriptional repressor. These survival signals were blocked by inhibitory monovalent antigen-binding antibody fragments (Fabs) specific for the surrogate light chain components of the pre-BCR or by inhibitors of the tyrosine kinases Lyn and Syk. For comparison, we evaluated pre-BCR aggregation mediated by dimeric galectin-1, which has binding sites for carbohydrate and for the surrogate light chain λ5 component. Galectin-1 binding resulted in the formation of large, highly immobile pre-BCR aggregates, which was partially relieved by the addition of lactose to prevent the cross-linking of galectin-BCR complexes to other glycosylated membrane components. Analysis of the pre-BCR and its signaling partners suggested that they could be potential targets for combination therapy in BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frank Erasmus
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ichiko Kinjyo
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Avanika Mahajan
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Stuart S Winter
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Sea Lane Biotechnologies, 2450 Bayshore Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Michael Horowitz
- Sea Lane Biotechnologies, 2450 Bayshore Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Diane S Lidke
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Bridget S Wilson
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. .,UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Kariminia A, Ivison SM, Leung VM, Sung S, Couto N, Rozmus J, Rolf N, Narendran A, Dunn SE, Reid GSD, Schultz KR. Y-box-binding protein 1 contributes to IL-7-mediated survival signaling in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:497-505. [PMID: 28123588 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a regulatory protein that is associated with drug resistance and relapse in solid tumors. As YB-1 mediates some of its activity through growth factor receptor signaling dysregulation, the present study compared the expression of YB-1 and interleukin 7 (IL-7) receptor α (IL-7Rα) in pediatric B-cell precursor (BCP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and normal BCP cells. The expression levels of IL-7Rα and YB-1 were higher in relapsed vs. diagnostic samples of primary BCP ALL; however, co-expression was also observed in a minor BCP cell population in samples from healthy donors. Functional crosstalk between YB-1 and IL-7R was detected: Overexpression of YB-1 increased surface levels of IL-7R in B cells, and the stimulation of BCP ALL cell lines and primary samples by IL-7 activated YB-1 by phosphorylation at S102 in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-independent and MEK1/2-dependent manner. Targeted knockdown of YB-1 reduced IL-7-mediated protection against rapamycin, and an inhibitor of MEK1/2 potentiated rapamycin-mediated killing in the presence of IL-7. These data establish a novel link between two well-characterized pro-survival factors in acute leukemia, and suggest that YB-1 inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy in patients with refractory acute B-cell leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Kariminia
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Sabine M Ivison
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Vivian M Leung
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Susanna Sung
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Nicole Couto
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jacob Rozmus
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Nina Rolf
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Aru Narendran
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sandra E Dunn
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Gregor S D Reid
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Kirk R Schultz
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
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Ochodnicka-Mackovicova K, Bahjat M, Maas C, van der Veen A, Bloedjes TA, de Bruin AM, van Andel H, Schrader CE, Hendriks RW, Verhoeyen E, Bende RJ, van Noesel CJM, Guikema JEJ. The DNA Damage Response Regulates RAG1/2 Expression in Pre-B Cells through ATM-FOXO1 Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2918-29. [PMID: 27559048 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The recombination activating gene (RAG) 1 and RAG2 protein complex introduces DNA breaks at Tcr and Ig gene segments that are required for V(D)J recombination in developing lymphocytes. Proper regulation of RAG1/2 expression safeguards the ordered assembly of Ag receptors and the development of lymphocytes, while minimizing the risk for collateral damage. The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase is involved in the repair of RAG1/2-mediated DNA breaks and prevents their propagation. The simultaneous occurrence of RAG1/2-dependent and -independent DNA breaks in developing lymphocytes exposed to genotoxic stress increases the risk for aberrant recombinations. In this study, we assessed the effect of genotoxic stress on RAG1/2 expression in pre-B cells and show that activation of the DNA damage response resulted in the rapid ATM-dependent downregulation of RAG1/2 mRNA and protein expression. We show that DNA damage led to the loss of FOXO1 binding to the enhancer region of the RAG1/2 locus (Erag) and provoked FOXO1 cleavage. We also show that DNA damage caused by RAG1/2 activity in pre-B cells was able to downmodulate RAG1/2 expression and activity, confirming the existence of a negative feedback regulatory mechanism. Our data suggest that pre-B cells are endowed with a protective mechanism that reduces the risk for aberrant recombinations and chromosomal translocations when exposed to DNA damage, involving the ATM-dependent regulation of FOXO1 binding to the Erag enhancer region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Ochodnicka-Mackovicova
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mahnoush Bahjat
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chiel Maas
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amélie van der Veen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Timon A Bloedjes
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander M de Bruin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Harmen van Andel
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carol E Schrader
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Els Verhoeyen
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Virus Enveloppés, Vecteurs et Réponses Innées Équipe, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Université de Lyon-1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France; and INSERM, U1065, Centre de Médecine Moléculaire, Équipe 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Richard J Bende
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carel J M van Noesel
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands;
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38
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Tsuruyama T, Hiratsuka T, Aini W, Nakamura T. STAT5A Modulates Chemokine Receptor CCR6 Expression and Enhances Pre-B Cell Growth in a CCL20-Dependent Manner. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2630-42. [PMID: 27018255 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) contributes to B-cell responses to cytokines through suppressor of cytokine signaling (Socs) genes in innate immunity. However, its direct roles in B-cell responses to chemokines are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the role of STAT5A in the innate immune response. We found that STAT5A upregulated the transcription of C-C motif receptor 6 (Ccr6) to induce responses to its ligand, CCL20. STAT5A transcriptional activity proceeded through binding to the interferon-γ activation site (GAS) element in the CCR6 promoter in the genome of pre-B cells. High levels of STAT5A and CCR6 increased CCL20-dependent colony growth of pre-B cells. In human B-lymphoblastic lymphoma with inflammation, STAT5A phosphorylation was correlated with CCR6 expression (P > 0.05 compared with that in cases without inflammation). In conclusion, our data supported our hypothesis that STAT5A enhanced the response of pre-B cells to CCL20 to promote their growth. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2630-2642, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL20/genetics
- Chemokine CCL20/metabolism
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Phosphorylation
- Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/cytology
- Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, CCR6/genetics
- Receptors, CCR6/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan.
- Center for Anatomical, Pathological, Forensic Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Takuya Hiratsuka
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Wulamujiang Aini
- Center for Anatomical, Pathological, Forensic Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ariake 3-8021, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
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39
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Fahl SP, Harris B, Coffey F, Wiest DL. Rpl22 Loss Impairs the Development of B Lymphocytes by Activating a p53-Dependent Checkpoint. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 194:200-9. [PMID: 25416806 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although ribosomal proteins facilitate the ribosome’s core function of translation, emerging evidence suggests that some ribosomal proteins are also capable of performing tissue-restricted functions either from within specialized ribosomes or from outside of the ribosome. In particular, we have previously demonstrated that germline ablation of the gene encoding ribosomal protein Rpl22 causes a selective and p53-dependent arrest of ab T cell progenitors at the b-selection checkpoint. We have now identified a crucial role for Rpl22 during early B cell development. Germline ablation of Rpl22 results in a reduction in the absolute number of B-lineage progenitors in the bone marrow beginning at the pro–B cell stage. Although Rpl22-deficient pro–B cells are hyporesponsive to IL-7, a key cytokine required for early B cell development, the arrest of B cell development does not result from disrupted IL-7 signaling. Instead, p53 induction appears to be responsible for the developmental defects, as Rpl22 deficiency causes increased expression of p53 and activation of downstream p53 target genes, and p53 deficiency rescues the defect in B cell development in Rpl22-deficient mice. Interestingly, the requirement for Rpl22 in the B cell lineage appears to be developmentally restricted, because Rpl22-deficient splenic B cells proliferate normally in response to Ag receptor and Toll receptor stimuli and undergo normal class-switch recombination. These results indicate that Rpl22 performs a critical, developmentally restricted role in supporting early B cell development by preventing p53 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Fahl
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Bryan Harris
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Francis Coffey
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - David L Wiest
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
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40
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Bednarski JJ, Pandey R, Schulte E, White LS, Chen BR, Sandoval GJ, Kohyama M, Haldar M, Nickless A, Trott A, Cheng G, Murphy KM, Bassing CH, Payton JE, Sleckman BP. RAG-mediated DNA double-strand breaks activate a cell type-specific checkpoint to inhibit pre-B cell receptor signals. J Exp Med 2016; 213:209-23. [PMID: 26834154 PMCID: PMC4749927 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) activate a canonical DNA damage response, including highly conserved cell cycle checkpoint pathways that prevent cells with DSBs from progressing through the cell cycle. In developing B cells, pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) signals initiate immunoglobulin light (Igl) chain gene assembly, leading to RAG-mediated DNA DSBs. The pre-BCR also promotes cell cycle entry, which could cause aberrant DSB repair and genome instability in pre-B cells. Here, we show that RAG DSBs inhibit pre-BCR signals through the ATM- and NF-κB2-dependent induction of SPIC, a hematopoietic-specific transcriptional repressor. SPIC inhibits expression of the SYK tyrosine kinase and BLNK adaptor, resulting in suppression of pre-BCR signaling. This regulatory circuit prevents the pre-BCR from inducing additional Igl chain gene rearrangements and driving pre-B cells with RAG DSBs into cycle. We propose that pre-B cells toggle between pre-BCR signals and a RAG DSB-dependent checkpoint to maintain genome stability while iteratively assembling Igl chain genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Bednarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Emily Schulte
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Lynn S White
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Bo-Ruei Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Gabriel J Sandoval
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Masako Kohyama
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Malay Haldar
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew Nickless
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Amanda Trott
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Craig H Bassing
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jacqueline E Payton
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Barry P Sleckman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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41
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Chen Y, Zheng Y, You X, Yu M, Fu G, Su X, Zhou F, Zhu W, Wu Z, Zhang J, Wen R, Wang D. Kras Is Critical for B Cell Lymphopoiesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1678-85. [PMID: 26773157 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The three major Ras members, Kras, Hras, and Nras, are highly homologous and individual Ras genes can have distinct biological functions. Embryonic lethality of Kras-deficient mice precludes study of the biological functions of this Ras family member. In this study, we generated and examined mice with hematopoietic-specific deletion of Kras and bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice with B cell-specific targeted deletion of Kras. Hematopoietic-specific deletion of Kras impaired early B cell development at the pre-B cell stage and late B cell maturation, resulting in the reduction of BM pre-, immature, and mature B cells and peripheral follicular, marginal zone, and B1 mature B cells. In contrast, Kras deficiency did not affect T cell development. Studies of BM chimeric mice with B cell-specific deletion of Kras demonstrated that Kras deficiency intrinsically impaired B cell development. Kras deficiency reduced BCR-induced B cell proliferation and survival. Furthermore, Kras deficiency specifically impaired pre-BCR- and BCR-induced activation of the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway in pre-B and mature B cells, respectively. Thus, Kras is the unique Ras family member that plays a critical role in early B cell development and late B cell maturation through controlling the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Yongwei Zheng
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Xiaona You
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Mei Yu
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Guoping Fu
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Xinlin Su
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Wen Zhu
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Renren Wen
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Demin Wang
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
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42
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Essential control of early B-cell development by Mef2 transcription factors. Blood 2015; 127:572-81. [PMID: 26660426 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-643270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequential activation of distinct developmental gene networks governs the ultimate identity of a cell, but the mechanisms involved in initiating downstream programs are incompletely understood. The pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR) is an important checkpoint of B-cell development and is essential for a pre-B cell to traverse into an immature B cell. Here, we show that activation of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (Mef2) transcription factors (TFs) by the pre-BCR is necessary for initiating the subsequent genetic network. We demonstrate that B-cell development is blocked at the pre-B-cell stage in mice deficient for Mef2c and Mef2d TFs and that pre-BCR signaling enhances the transcriptional activity of Mef2c/d through phosphorylation by the Erk5 mitogen-activating kinase. This activation is instrumental in inducing Krüppel-like factor 2 and several immediate early genes of the AP1 and Egr family. Finally, we show that Mef2 proteins cooperate with the products of their target genes (Irf4 and Egr2) to induce secondary waves of transcriptional regulation. Our findings uncover a novel role for Mef2c/d in coordinating the transcriptional network that promotes early B-cell development.
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43
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ZFP521 contributes to pre-B-cell lymphomagenesis through modulation of the pre-B-cell receptor signaling pathway. Oncogene 2015; 35:3227-38. [PMID: 26522721 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ZFP521 was previously identified as a putative gene involved in induction of B-cell lymphomagenesis. However, the contribution of ZFP521 to lymphomagenesis has not been confirmed. In this study, we sought to elucidate the role of ZFP521 in B-cell lymphomagenesis. To this end, we used a retroviral insertion method to show that ZFP521 was a target of mutagenesis in pre-B-lymphoblastic lymphoma cells. The pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR) signaling molecules BLNK, BTK and BANK1 were positively regulated by the ZFP521 gene, leading to enhancement of the pre-BCR signaling pathway. In addition, c-myc and c-jun were upregulated following activation of ZFP521. Stimulation of pre-BCR signaling using anti-Vpreb antibodies caused aberrant upregulation of c-myc and c-jun and of Ccnd3, which encodes cyclin D3, thereby inducing the growth of pre-B cells. Stimulation with Vpreb affected the growth of pre-B cells, and addition of interleukin (IL)-7 receptor exerted competitive effects on pre-B-cell growth. Knockdown of BTK and BANK1, targets of ZFP521, suppressed the effects of Vpreb stimulation on cell growth. Furthermore, in human lymphoblastic lymphoma, analogous to pre-B-cell lymphoma in mice, the expression of ZNF521, the homolog of ZFP521 in humans, was upregulated. In conclusion, our data showed that the ZFP521 gene comprehensively induced pre-B-cell lymphomagenesis by modulating the pre-B-cell receptor signaling pathway.
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44
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Sleeping Beauty transposon screen identifies signaling modules that cooperate with STAT5 activation to induce B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncogene 2015; 35:3454-64. [PMID: 26500062 PMCID: PMC4846597 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) activation occurs frequently in human progenitor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). To identify gene alterations that cooperate with STAT5 activation to initiate leukemia, we crossed mice expressing a constitutively active form of STAT5 (Stat5b-CA) with mice in which a mutagenic Sleeping Beauty transposon (T2/Onc) was mobilized only in B cells. Stat5b-CA mice typically do not develop B-ALL (<2% penetrance); in contrast, 89% of Stat5b-CA mice in which the T2/Onc transposon had been mobilized died of B-ALL by 3 months of age. High-throughput sequencing approaches were used to identify genes frequently targeted by the T2/Onc transposon; these included Sos1 (74%), Kdm2a (35%), Jak1 (26%), Bmi1 (19%), Prdm14 or Ncoa2 (13%), Cdkn2a (10%), Ikzf1 (8%), Caap1 (6%) and Klf3 (6%). Collectively, these mutations target three major cellular processes: (i) the Janus kinase/STAT5 pathway (ii) progenitor B-cell differentiation and (iii) the CDKN2A tumor-suppressor pathway. Transposon insertions typically resulted in altered expression of these genes, as well as downstream pathways including STAT5, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and p38. Importantly, expression of Sos1 and Kdm2a, and activation of p38, correlated with survival, further underscoring the role these genes and associated pathways have in B-ALL.
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45
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Fiala GJ, Janowska I, Prutek F, Hobeika E, Satapathy A, Sprenger A, Plum T, Seidl M, Dengjel J, Reth M, Cesca F, Brummer T, Minguet S, Schamel WWA. Kidins220/ARMS binds to the B cell antigen receptor and regulates B cell development and activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:1693-708. [PMID: 26324445 PMCID: PMC4577850 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Fiala et al. report that Kidins220/ARMS is a novel interactor of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and its deletion impairs B cell development and B cell functioning. B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling is critical for B cell development and activation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a protein kinase D–interacting substrate of 220 kD (Kidins220)/ankyrin repeat–rich membrane-spanning protein (ARMS) as a novel interaction partner of resting and stimulated BCR. Upon BCR stimulation, the interaction increases in a Src kinase–independent manner. By knocking down Kidins220 in a B cell line and generating a conditional B cell–specific Kidins220 knockout (B-KO) mouse strain, we show that Kidins220 couples the BCR to PLCγ2, Ca2+, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signaling. Consequently, BCR-mediated B cell activation was reduced in vitro and in vivo upon Kidins220 deletion. Furthermore, B cell development was impaired at stages where pre-BCR or BCR signaling is required. Most strikingly, λ light chain–positive B cells were reduced sixfold in the B-KO mice, genetically placing Kidins220 in the PLCγ2 pathway. Thus, our data indicate that Kidins220 positively regulates pre-BCR and BCR functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina J Fiala
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iga Janowska
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Prutek
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elias Hobeika
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Annyesha Satapathy
- Center of Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Adrian Sprenger
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Plum
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center of Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susana Minguet
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W A Schamel
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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46
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Histone reader BRWD1 targets and restricts recombination to the Igk locus. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:1094-103. [PMID: 26301565 PMCID: PMC4575638 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
B lymphopoiesis requires that immunoglobulin genes be accessible to the RAG1-RAG2 recombinase. However, the RAG proteins bind widely to open chromatin suggesting that additional mechanisms must restrict RAG-mediated DNA cleavage. Here, we demonstrate developmental downregulation of interleukin 7 (IL-7) receptor signaling in small pre-B cells induced expression of the bromodomain family member BRWD1, which was recruited to a specific epigenetic landscape at Igk dictated by pre-BCR-dependent Erk activation. BRWD1 enhanced RAG recruitment, increased gene accessibility and positioned nucleosomes 5′ to each Jκ recombination signal sequence. BRWD1 thus targets recombination to Igk and places recombination within the context of signaling cascades that control B cell development. Our findings provide a paradigm in which, at any particular antigen receptor locus, specialized mechanisms enforce lineage and stage specific recombination.
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47
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Thompson BJ, Bhansali R, Diebold L, Cook DE, Stolzenburg L, Casagrande AS, Besson T, Leblond B, Désiré L, Malinge S, Crispino JD. DYRK1A controls the transition from proliferation to quiescence during lymphoid development by destabilizing Cyclin D3. J Exp Med 2015; 212:953-70. [PMID: 26008897 PMCID: PMC4451127 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-B and pre-T lymphocytes must orchestrate a transition from a highly proliferative state to a quiescent one during development. Cyclin D3 is essential for these cells' proliferation, but little is known about its posttranslational regulation at this stage. Here, we show that the dual specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) restrains Cyclin D3 protein levels by phosphorylating T283 to induce its degradation. Loss of DYRK1A activity, via genetic inactivation or pharmacologic inhibition in mice, caused accumulation of Cyclin D3 protein, incomplete repression of E2F-mediated gene transcription, and failure to properly couple cell cycle exit with differentiation. Expression of a nonphosphorylatable Cyclin D3 T283A mutant recapitulated these defects, whereas inhibition of Cyclin D:CDK4/6 mitigated the effects of DYRK1A inhibition or loss. These data uncover a previously unknown role for DYRK1A in lymphopoiesis, and demonstrate how Cyclin D3 protein stability is negatively regulated during exit from the proliferative phases of B and T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Bhansali
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208
| | - Lauren Diebold
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208
| | - Daniel E Cook
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208
| | | | | | - Thierry Besson
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038; Université Rouen; INSA Rouen; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bâtiment IRCOF, 76821 Mont St. Aignan, France
| | | | | | | | - John D Crispino
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208
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48
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Transcription factor networks in B-cell differentiation link development to acute lymphoid leukemia. Blood 2015; 126:144-52. [PMID: 25990863 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-575688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocyte development in the bone marrow is controlled by the coordinated action of transcription factors creating regulatory networks ensuring activation of the B-lymphoid program and silencing of alternative cell fates. This process is tightly connected to malignant transformation because B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells display a pronounced block in differentiation resulting in the expansion of immature progenitor cells. Over the last few years, high-resolution analysis of genetic changes in leukemia has revealed that several key regulators of normal B-cell development, including IKZF1, TCF3, EBF1, and PAX5, are genetically altered in a large portion of the human B-lineage acute leukemias. This opens the possibility of directly linking the disrupted development as well as aberrant gene expression patterns in leukemic cells to molecular functions of defined transcription factors in normal cell differentiation. This review article focuses on the roles of transcription factors in early B-cell development and their involvement in the formation of human leukemia.
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49
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MAP Kinase Cascades in Antigen Receptor Signaling and Physiology. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 393:211-231. [PMID: 26275875 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play roles in a cell type and context-dependent manner to convert extracellular stimuli to a variety of cellular responses, thereby directing cells to proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and migration. Studies of genetically engineered mice or chemical inhibitors specific to each MAPK signaling pathway revealed that MAPKs have various, but non-redundant physiologically important roles among different families. MAPK cascades are obviously integrated in the B cell receptor signaling pathways as critical components to drive B cell-mediated immunity.
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50
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de Almeida CR, Hendriks RW, Stadhouders R. Dynamic Control of Long-Range Genomic Interactions at the Immunoglobulin κ Light-Chain Locus. Adv Immunol 2015; 128:183-271. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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