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Prutsch N, He S, Berezovskaya A, Durbin AD, Dharia NV, Maher KA, Matthews JD, Hare L, Turner SD, Stegmaier K, Kenner L, Merkel O, Look AT, Abraham BJ, Zimmerman MW. STAT3 couples activated tyrosine kinase signaling to the oncogenic core transcriptional regulatory circuitry of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101472. [PMID: 38508140 PMCID: PMC10983107 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive, CD30+ T cell lymphoma of children and adults. ALK fusion transcripts or mutations in the JAK-STAT pathway are observed in most ALCL tumors, but the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis are not fully understood. Here, we show that dysregulated STAT3 in ALCL cooccupies enhancers with master transcription factors BATF3, IRF4, and IKZF1 to form a core regulatory circuit that establishes and maintains the malignant cell state in ALCL. Critical downstream targets of this network in ALCL cells include the protooncogene MYC, which requires active STAT3 to facilitate high levels of MYC transcription. The core autoregulatory transcriptional circuitry activity is reinforced by MYC binding to the enhancer regions associated with STAT3 and each of the core regulatory transcription factors. Thus, activation of STAT3 provides the crucial link between aberrant tyrosine kinase signaling and the core transcriptional machinery that drives tumorigenesis and creates therapeutic vulnerabilities in ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Prutsch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shuning He
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alla Berezovskaya
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adam D Durbin
- Division of Molecular Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Kelsey A Maher
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jamie D Matthews
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy Hare
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Brian J Abraham
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Mark W Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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2
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Shreenivas A, Janku F, Gouda MA, Chen HZ, George B, Kato S, Kurzrock R. ALK fusions in the pan-cancer setting: another tumor-agnostic target? NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:101. [PMID: 37773318 PMCID: PMC10542332 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) alterations (activating mutations, amplifications, and fusions/rearrangements) occur in ~3.3% of cancers. ALK fusions/rearrangements are discerned in >50% of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) and anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs), but only in ~0.2% of other cancers outside of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a rate that may be below the viability threshold of even large-scale treatment trials. Five ALK inhibitors -alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinb, crizotinib, and lorlatinib-are FDA approved for ALK-aberrant NSCLCs, and crizotinib is also approved for ALK-aberrant IMTs and ALCL, including in children. Herein, we review the pharmacologic tractability of ALK alterations, focusing beyond NSCLC. Importantly, the hallmark of approved indications is the presence of ALK fusions/rearrangements, and response rates of ~50-85%. Moreover, there are numerous reports of ALK inhibitor activity in multiple solid and hematologic tumors (e.g., histiocytosis, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma, myeloma, and colorectal, neuroendocrine, ovarian, pancreatic, renal, and thyroid cancer) bearing ALK fusions/rearrangements. Many reports used crizotinib or alectinib, but each of the approved ALK inhibitors have shown activity. ALK inhibitor activity is also seen in neuroblastoma, which bear ALK mutations (rather than fusions/rearrangements), but response rates are lower (~10-20%). Current data suggests that ALK inhibitors have tissue-agnostic activity in neoplasms bearing ALK fusions/rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Shreenivas
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | | | - Mohamed A Gouda
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui-Zi Chen
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ben George
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Chevilly-Larue, France.
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3
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Ren FJ, Cai XY, Yao Y, Fang GY. JunB: a paradigm for Jun family in immune response and cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1222265. [PMID: 37731821 PMCID: PMC10507257 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1222265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Jun B proto-oncogene (JunB) is a crucial member of dimeric activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, which plays a significant role in various physiological processes, such as placental formation, cardiovascular development, myelopoiesis, angiogenesis, endochondral ossification and epidermis tissue homeostasis. Additionally, it has been reported that JunB has great regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses by regulating the differentiation and cytokine secretion of immune cells including T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages, while also facilitating the effector of neutrophils and natural killer cells. Furthermore, a growing body of studies have shown that JunB is involved in tumorigenesis through regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence and metastasis, particularly affecting the tumor microenvironment through transcriptional promotion or suppression of oncogenes in tumor cells or immune cells. This review summarizes the physiological function of JunB, its immune regulatory function, and its contribution to tumorigenesis, especially focusing on its regulatory mechanisms within tumor-associated immune processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-jia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-yu Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-ying Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Mastini C, Campisi M, Patrucco E, Mura G, Ferreira A, Costa C, Ambrogio C, Germena G, Martinengo C, Peola S, Mota I, Vissio E, Molinaro L, Arigoni M, Olivero M, Calogero R, Prokoph N, Tabbò F, Shoji B, Brugieres L, Geoerger B, Turner SD, Cuesta-Mateos C, D’Aliberti D, Mologni L, Piazza R, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Inghirami GG, Chiono V, Kamm RD, Hirsch E, Koch R, Weinstock DM, Aster JC, Voena C, Chiarle R. Targeting CCR7-PI3Kγ overcomes resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in ALK-rearranged lymphoma. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo3826. [PMID: 37379367 PMCID: PMC10804420 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show potent efficacy in several ALK-driven tumors, but the development of resistance limits their long-term clinical impact. Although resistance mechanisms have been studied extensively in ALK-driven non-small cell lung cancer, they are poorly understood in ALK-driven anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Here, we identify a survival pathway supported by the tumor microenvironment that activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase γ (PI3K-γ) signaling through the C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). We found increased PI3K signaling in patients and ALCL cell lines resistant to ALK TKIs. PI3Kγ expression was predictive of a lack of response to ALK TKI in patients with ALCL. Expression of CCR7, PI3Kγ, and PI3Kδ were up-regulated during ALK or STAT3 inhibition or degradation and a constitutively active PI3Kγ isoform cooperated with oncogenic ALK to accelerate lymphomagenesis in mice. In a three-dimensional microfluidic chip, endothelial cells that produce the CCR7 ligands CCL19/CCL21 protected ALCL cells from apoptosis induced by crizotinib. The PI3Kγ/δ inhibitor duvelisib potentiated crizotinib activity against ALCL lines and patient-derived xenografts. Furthermore, genetic deletion of CCR7 blocked the central nervous system dissemination and perivascular growth of ALCL in mice treated with crizotinib. Thus, blockade of PI3Kγ or CCR7 signaling together with ALK TKI treatment reduces primary resistance and the survival of persister lymphoma cells in ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mastini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Marco Campisi
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico of Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giulia Mura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlotta Costa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giulia Germena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Cinzia Martinengo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Silvia Peola
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Ines Mota
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Vissio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino 10043, Italy
| | - Luca Molinaro
- Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Martina Olivero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino 10043, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Raffaele Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Nina Prokoph
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fabrizio Tabbò
- Department of Pathology, Cornell University, New York NY 10121, USA
| | - Brent Shoji
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Laurence Brugieres
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94805, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Cuesta-Mateos
- Department of Pre-Clinical Development, Catapult Therapeutics B.V., 8243 RC, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Deborah D’Aliberti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | | | | | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico of Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Raphael Koch
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jon C. Aster
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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5
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Piccaluga PP, Cascianelli C, Inghirami G. Tyrosine kinases in nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1099943. [PMID: 36845713 PMCID: PMC9946040 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1099943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are uncommon and heterogeneous tumors characterized by a dismal prognosis. Targeted therapy has been proposed. However, reliable targets are mostly represented by a few surface antigens (e.g., CD52 and CD30), chemokine receptors (e.g., CCR4), and epigenetic gene expression regulation. In the last two decades, however, several studies have supported the idea that tyrosine kinase (TK) deregulation might be relevant for both the pathogenesis and treatment of PTCL. Indeed, they can be expressed or activated as a consequence of their involvement in genetic lesions, such as translocations, or by ligand overexpression. The most striking example is ALK in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCL). ALK activity is necessary to support cell proliferation and survival, and its inhibition leads to cell death. Notably, STAT3 was found to be the main downstream ALK effector. Other TKs are consistently expressed and active in PTCLs, such as PDGFRA, and members of the T-cell receptor signaling family, such as SYK. Notably, as in the case of ALK, STAT proteins have emerged as key downstream factors for most of the involved TK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Biobank of Research, IRCCS Azienda Opedaliera-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Cascianelli
- Biobank of Research, IRCCS Azienda Opedaliera-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Immunopathology and Hematopathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
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6
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Han H, Renzi S, Larouche V, Faury D, Langlois S, Sinnett D, Gomez A, Karamchandani J, Crevier L, Foulkes WD, Jabado N. Germline Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta p.R987W pathogenic variant in 2 children with brain tumors. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad029. [PMID: 37114246 PMCID: PMC10129385 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerie Larouche
- Department of Pediatric and Division of Hemato-Oncology, CHU de Québec-Université-Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Damien Faury
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University and McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Langlois
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Gomez
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Louis Crevier
- Department of Surgery, CHU de Québec-Université-Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Corresponding Author: Nada Jabado, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University and McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ()
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7
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Garces de Los Fayos Alonso I, Zujo L, Wiest I, Kodajova P, Timelthaler G, Edtmayer S, Zrimšek M, Kollmann S, Giordano C, Kothmayer M, Neubauer HA, Dey S, Schlederer M, Schmalzbauer BS, Limberger T, Probst C, Pusch O, Högler S, Tangermann S, Merkel O, Schiefer AI, Kornauth C, Prutsch N, Zimmerman M, Abraham B, Anagnostopoulos J, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Mathas S, Wolf P, Stoiber D, Staber PB, Egger G, Klapper W, Woessmann W, Look TA, Gunning P, Turner SD, Moriggl R, Lagger S, Kenner L. PDGFRβ promotes oncogenic progression via STAT3/STAT5 hyperactivation in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:172. [PMID: 36045346 PMCID: PMC9434917 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01640-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin T cell lymphoma commonly driven by NPM-ALK. AP-1 transcription factors, cJUN and JUNb, act as downstream effectors of NPM-ALK and transcriptionally regulate PDGFRβ. Blocking PDGFRβ kinase activity with imatinib effectively reduces tumor burden and prolongs survival, although the downstream molecular mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS In a transgenic mouse model that mimics PDGFRβ-driven human ALCL in vivo, we identify PDGFRβ as a driver of aggressive tumor growth. Mechanistically, PDGFRβ induces the pro-survival factor Bcl-xL and the growth-enhancing cytokine IL-10 via STAT5 activation. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of both STAT5 gene products, STAT5A and STAT5B, results in the significant impairment of cell viability compared to deletion of STAT5A, STAT5B or STAT3 alone. Moreover, combined blockade of STAT3/5 activity with a selective SH2 domain inhibitor, AC-4-130, effectively obstructs tumor development in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We therefore propose PDGFRβ as a novel biomarker and introduce PDGFRβ-STAT3/5 signaling as an important axis in aggressive ALCL. Furthermore, we suggest that inhibition of PDGFRβ or STAT3/5 improve existing therapies for both previously untreated and relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Garces de Los Fayos Alonso
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Zujo
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Wiest
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Kodajova
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Edtmayer
- Division Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - M Zrimšek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Kollmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Giordano
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Kothmayer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - H A Neubauer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Unit of Functional Cancer Genomics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Dey
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - M Schlederer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - B S Schmalzbauer
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Limberger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- CBMed Core Lab, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Probst
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Pusch
- Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Högler
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Tangermann
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Merkel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - A I Schiefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Kornauth
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Prutsch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B Abraham
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - J Anagnostopoulos
- Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Medical University of Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Cluster of excellence iFIT, "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapy", University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Mathas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Medical University of Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité and the MDC, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - D Stoiber
- Division Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - P B Staber
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Egger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University of Kiel/University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - W Woessmann
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T A Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - S D Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB20QQ, UK
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - R Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Unit of Functional Cancer Genomics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Lagger
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- CBMed Core Lab, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory of Applied Metabolomics, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Tissue Expander-associated T Cells: Relevance to Breast Implant-associated Anaplastic Large-cell Lymphoma. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4148. [PMID: 35356046 PMCID: PMC8942776 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The generation of breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is closely associated with textured implants. The phenotype of BIA-ALCL cells is well examined, but its cell of origin remains unknown. Here we investigate what types of T cells are recruited and differentiated in the surrounding capsules and tissues as a consequence of continuous contact with a textured surface.
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9
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Wang Y, He J, Xu M, Xue Q, Zhu C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Shi W. Holistic View of ALK TKI Resistance in ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:815654. [PMID: 35211406 PMCID: PMC8862178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.815654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed at early stages of normal development and in various cancers including ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL), in which it is the main therapeutic target. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK TKIs) have greatly improved the prognosis of ALK+ALCL patients, but the emergence of drug resistance is inevitable and limits the applicability of these drugs. Although various mechanisms of resistance have been elucidated, the problem persists and there have been relatively few relevant clinical studies. This review describes research progress on ALK+ ALCL including the application and development of new therapies, especially in relation to drug resistance. We also propose potential treatment strategies based on current knowledge to inform the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Manyu Xu
- Department of Clinical Biobank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qingfeng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cindy Zhu
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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10
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Karaca Atabay E, Mecca C, Wang Q, Ambrogio C, Mota I, Prokoph N, Mura G, Martinengo C, Patrucco E, Leonardi G, Hossa J, Pich A, Mologni L, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Brugières L, Geoerger B, Turner SD, Voena C, Cheong TC, Chiarle R. Tyrosine phosphatases regulate resistance to ALK inhibitors in ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Blood 2022; 139:717-731. [PMID: 34657149 PMCID: PMC8814675 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) frequently carry oncogenic fusions involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. Targeting ALK using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is a therapeutic option in cases relapsed after chemotherapy, but TKI resistance may develop. By applying genomic loss-of-function screens, we identified PTPN1 and PTPN2 phosphatases as consistent top hits driving resistance to ALK TKIs in ALK+ ALCL. Loss of either PTPN1 or PTPN2 induced resistance to ALK TKIs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that PTPN1 and PTPN2 are phosphatases that bind to and regulate ALK phosphorylation and activity. In turn, oncogenic ALK and STAT3 repress PTPN1 transcription. We found that PTPN1 is also a phosphatase for SHP2, a key mediator of oncogenic ALK signaling. Downstream signaling analysis showed that deletion of PTPN1 or PTPN2 induces resistance to crizotinib by hyperactivating SHP2, the MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways. RNA sequencing of patient samples that developed resistance to ALK TKIs showed downregulation of PTPN1 and PTPN2 associated with upregulation of SHP2 expression. Combination of crizotinib with a SHP2 inhibitor synergistically inhibited the growth of wild-type or PTPN1/PTPN2 knock-out ALCL, where it reverted TKI resistance. Thus, we identified PTPN1 and PTPN2 as ALK phosphatases that control sensitivity to ALK TKIs in ALCL and demonstrated that a combined blockade of SHP2 potentiates the efficacy of ALK inhibition in TKI-sensitive and -resistant ALK+ ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Karaca Atabay
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carmen Mecca
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ines Mota
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nina Prokoph
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Mura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Cinzia Martinengo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Leonardi
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Hossa
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Achille Pich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Laurence Brugières
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8203, Villejuif, France; and
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Taek-Chin Cheong
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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11
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Garland GD, Ducray SP, Jahangiri L, Pucci P, Amos Burke GA, Monahan J, Lai R, Merkel O, Schiefer AI, Kenner L, Bannister AJ, Turner SD. BRG1 and NPM-ALK Are Co-Regulated in Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma; BRG1 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in ALCL. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:151. [PMID: 35008316 PMCID: PMC8750310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T-cell malignancy driven in many cases by the product of a chromosomal translocation, nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK). NPM-ALK activates a plethora of pathways that drive the hallmarks of cancer, largely signalling pathways normally associated with cytokine and/or T-cell receptor-induced signalling. However, NPM-ALK is also located in the nucleus and its functions in this cellular compartment for the most part remain to be determined. We show that ALCL cell lines and primary patient tumours express the transcriptional activator BRG1 in a NPM-ALK-dependent manner. NPM-ALK regulates expression of BRG1 by post-translational mechanisms dependent on its kinase activity, protecting it from proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we show that BRG1 drives a transcriptional programme associated with cell cycle progression. In turn, inhibition of BRG1 expression with specific shRNA decreases cell viability, suggesting that it may represent a key therapeutic target for the treatment of ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin D. Garland
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (G.D.G.); (S.P.D.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Stephen P. Ducray
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (G.D.G.); (S.P.D.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Leila Jahangiri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (G.D.G.); (S.P.D.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| | - Perla Pucci
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (G.D.G.); (S.P.D.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - G. A. Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge CB5 8PD, UK;
| | - Jack Monahan
- The European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK;
| | - Raymond Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (A.-I.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Ana-Iris Schiefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (A.-I.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (A.-I.S.); (L.K.)
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- CBMed, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory of Applied Metabolomics (CDL-AM), Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (G.D.G.); (S.P.D.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Di Napoli A, Vacca D, Bertolazzi G, Lopez G, Piane M, Germani A, Rogges E, Pepe G, Santanelli Di Pompeo F, Salgarello M, Jobanputra V, Hsiao S, Wrzeszczynski KO, Berti E, Bhagat G. RNA Sequencing of Primary Cutaneous and Breast-Implant Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas Reveals Infrequent Fusion Transcripts and Upregulation of PI3K/AKT Signaling via Neurotrophin Pathway Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246174. [PMID: 34944796 PMCID: PMC8699465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cutaneous and breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphomas are usually localized neoplasms with an indolent clinical course compared to systemic ALCL. However comparative analyses of the molecular features of these two entities have not yet been reported. We performed targeted RNA sequencing, which revealed that fusion transcripts, although infrequent, might represent additional pathogenetic events in both diseases. We also found that these entities display upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and show enrichment in genes of the neurotrophin signaling pathway. These findings advance our knowledge regarding the pathobiology of cALCL and BI-ALCL and point to additional therapeutic targets. Abstract Cutaneous and breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (cALCLs and BI-ALCLs) are two localized forms of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) that are recognized as distinct entities within the family of ALCL. JAK-STAT signaling is a common feature of all ALCL subtypes, whereas DUSP22/IRF4, TP63 and TYK gene rearrangements have been reported in a proportion of ALK-negative sALCLs and cALCLs. Both cALCLs and BI-ALCLs differ in their gene expression profiles compared to PTCLs; however, a direct comparison of the genomic alterations and transcriptomes of these two entities is lacking. By performing RNA sequencing of 1385 genes (TruSight RNA Pan-Cancer, Illumina) in 12 cALCLs, 10 BI-ALCLs and two anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive sALCLs, we identified the previously reported TYK2-NPM1 fusion in 1 cALCL (1/12, 8%), and four new intrachromosomal gene fusions in 2 BI-ALCLs (2/10, 20%) involving genes on chromosome 1 (EPS15-GNG12 and ARNT-GOLPH3L) and on chromosome 17 (MYO18A-GIT1 and NF1-GOSR1). One of the two BI-ALCL samples showed a complex karyotype, raising the possibility that genomic instability may be responsible for intra-chromosomal fusions in BI-ALCL. Moreover, transcriptional analysis revealed similar upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, associated with enrichment in the expression of neurotrophin signaling genes, which was more conspicuous in BI-ALCL, as well as differences, i.e., over-expression of genes involved in the RNA polymerase II transcription program in BI-ALCL and of the RNA splicing/processing program in cALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Di Napoli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Davide Vacca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Palermo University, 90134 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Bertolazzi
- Tumour Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Science, Palermo University, 90134 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Piane
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Aldo Germani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Evelina Rogges
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppina Pepe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (M.P.); (A.G.); (E.R.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Marzia Salgarello
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Vaidehi Jobanputra
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA; (V.J.); (S.H.); (G.B.)
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA;
| | - Susan Hsiao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA; (V.J.); (S.H.); (G.B.)
| | | | - Emilio Berti
- Department of Dermatology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA; (V.J.); (S.H.); (G.B.)
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13
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Emerging Therapeutic Landscape of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas Based on Advances in Biology: Current Status and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225627. [PMID: 34830782 PMCID: PMC8616039 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Peripheral T-cell lymphoma is a rare but aggressive tumor. Due to its rarity, the disease has not been completely understood. In our review, we look at this lymphoma at the molecular level based on available literature. We highlight the mechanism behind the progression and resistance of this tumor. In doing so, we bring forth possible mechanism that could be exploited through novel chemotherapy drugs. In addition, we also look at the current available drugs used in treating this disease, as well as highlight other new drugs, describing their potential in treating this lymphoma. We comprehensively have collected and present the available biology behind peripheral T-cell lymphoma and discuss the available treatment options. Abstract T-cell lymphomas are a relatively rare group of malignancies with a diverse range of pathologic features and clinical behaviors. Recent molecular studies have revealed a wide array of different mechanisms that drive the development of these malignancies and may be associated with resistance to therapies. Although widely accepted chemotherapeutic agents and combinations, including stem cell transplantation, obtain responses as initial therapy for these diseases, most patients will develop a relapse, and the median survival is only 5 years. Most patients with relapsed disease succumb within 2 to 3 years. Since 2006, the USFDA has approved five medications for treatment of these diseases, and only anti-CD30-therapy has made a change in these statistics. Clearly, newer agents are needed for treatment of these disorders, and investigators have proposed studies that evaluate agents that target these malignancies and the microenvironment depending upon the molecular mechanisms thought to underlie their pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the currently known molecular mechanisms driving the development and persistence of these cancers and discuss novel targets for therapy of these diseases and agents that may improve outcomes for these patients.
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14
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Liang HC, Costanza M, Prutsch N, Zimmerman MW, Gurnhofer E, Montes-Mojarro IA, Abraham BJ, Prokoph N, Stoiber S, Tangermann S, Lobello C, Oppelt J, Anagnostopoulos I, Hielscher T, Pervez S, Klapper W, Zammarchi F, Silva DA, Garcia KC, Baker D, Janz M, Schleussner N, Fend F, Pospíšilová Š, Janiková A, Wallwitz J, Stoiber D, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Cerroni L, Pileri S, de Leval L, Sibon D, Fataccioli V, Gaulard P, Assaf C, Knörr F, Damm-Welk C, Woessmann W, Turner SD, Look AT, Mathas S, Kenner L, Merkel O. Super-enhancer-based identification of a BATF3/IL-2R-module reveals vulnerabilities in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5577. [PMID: 34552066 PMCID: PMC8458384 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), an aggressive CD30-positive T-cell lymphoma, comprises systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive, and ALK-negative, primary cutaneous and breast implant-associated ALCL. Prognosis of some ALCL subgroups is still unsatisfactory, and already in second line effective treatment options are lacking. To identify genes defining ALCL cell state and dependencies, we here characterize super-enhancer regions by genome-wide H3K27ac ChIP-seq. In addition to known ALCL key regulators, the AP-1-member BATF3 and IL-2 receptor (IL2R)-components are among the top hits. Specific and high-level IL2R expression in ALCL correlates with BATF3 expression. Confirming a regulatory link, IL-2R-expression decreases following BATF3 knockout, and BATF3 is recruited to IL2R regulatory regions. Functionally, IL-2, IL-15 and Neo-2/15, a hyper-stable IL-2/IL-15 mimic, accelerate ALCL growth and activate STAT1, STAT5 and ERK1/2. In line, strong IL-2Rα-expression in ALCL patients is linked to more aggressive clinical presentation. Finally, an IL-2Rα-targeting antibody-drug conjugate efficiently kills ALCL cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results highlight the importance of the BATF3/IL-2R-module for ALCL biology and identify IL-2Rα-targeting as a promising treatment strategy for ALCL. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive T-cell lymphoma often with poor prognosis. To identify genes defining ALCL cell state and dependencies, the authors here characterize ALCL-specific super-enhancers and describe the BATF3/IL-2R−module as a therapeutic opportunity for ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Chang Liang
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariantonia Costanza
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Group Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the MDC and Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Prutsch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Gurnhofer
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivonne A Montes-Mojarro
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brian J Abraham
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nina Prokoph
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Stoiber
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory (CDL) for Applied Metabolomics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Tangermann
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cosimo Lobello
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Oppelt
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Thomas Hielscher
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shahid Pervez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Daniel-Adriano Silva
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - David Baker
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Martin Janz
- Group Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the MDC and Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Schleussner
- Group Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the MDC and Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Šárka Pospíšilová
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Janiková
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jacqueline Wallwitz
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Division Pharmacology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Division Pharmacology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenzo Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefano Pileri
- Division of Haematopathology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Sibon
- Hematology Department, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM UMR1151 (Normal and pathological lymphoid differentiation), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Fataccioli
- Department of Pathology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U955, University Paris East, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Department of Pathology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U955, University Paris East, Créteil, France
| | - Chalid Assaf
- Department of Dermatology, HELIOS Hospital Krefeld, Krefeld, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Knörr
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan Mathas
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK. .,Group Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the MDC and Charité, Berlin, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK. .,Christian Doppler Laboratory (CDL) for Applied Metabolomics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBMed) Core Lab 2, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Experimental and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Suzanne Turner, Cambridge, UK.
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15
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Pileri SA, Tabanelli V, Fiori S, Calleri A, Melle F, Motta G, Lorenzini D, Tarella C, Derenzini E. Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Future Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4535. [PMID: 34572763 PMCID: PMC8472517 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL_NOS) corresponds to about one fourth of mature T-cell tumors, which overall represent 10-12% of all lymphoid malignancies. This category comprises all T-cell neoplasms, which do not correspond to any of the distinct entities listed in the WHO (World Health Organization) Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. In spite of the extreme variability of morphologic features and phenotypic profiles, gene expression profiling (GEP) studies have shown a signature that is distinct from that of all remaining PTCLs. GEP has also allowed the identification of subtypes provided with prognostic relevance. Conversely to GEP, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has so far been applied to a limited number of cases, providing some hints to better understand the pathobiology of PTCL_NOS. Although several pieces of information have emerged from pathological studies, PTCL_NOS still remains a tumor with a dismal prognosis. The usage of CHOEP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, etoposide) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation may represent the best option, by curing about 50% of the patients whom such an approach can be applied to. Many new drugs have been proposed without achieving the expected results. Thus, the optimal treatment of PTCL_NOS remains unidentified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano A. Pileri
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Valentina Tabanelli
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Stefano Fiori
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Angelica Calleri
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Federica Melle
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Giovanna Motta
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Daniele Lorenzini
- Division of Haematopathology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (V.T.); (S.F.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via di Rudinì 8, 20146 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Derenzini
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, Haematology Programme, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20121 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via di Rudinì 8, 20146 Milan, Italy
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16
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Quinn CH, Beierle AM, Williams AP, Marayati R, Bownes LV, Markert HR, Aye JM, Stewart JE, Mroczek-Musulman E, Crossman DK, Yoon KJ, Beierle EA. Downregulation of PDGFRß Signaling Overcomes Crizotinib Resistance in a TYRO3 and ALK Mutated Neuroendocrine-Like Tumor. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101099. [PMID: 33887553 PMCID: PMC8086143 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts provide significant advantages over long-term passage cell lines when investigating efficacy of treatments for solid tumors. Our laboratory encountered a high-grade, metastatic, neuroendocrine-like tumor from a pediatric patient that presented with a unique genetic profile. In particular, mutations in TYRO3 and ALK were identified. We established a human patient-derived xenoline (PDX) of this tumor for use in the current study. We investigated the effect of crizotinib, a chemotherapeutic known to effectively target both TYRO3 and ALK mutations. Crizotinib effectively decreased viability, proliferation, growth, and the metastatic properties of the PDX tumor through downregulation of STAT3 signaling, but expression of PDGFRß was increased. Sunitinib is a small molecule inhibitor of PDGFRß and was studied in this PDX independently and in combination with crizotinib. Sunitinib alone decreased viability, proliferation, and growth in vitro and decreased tumor growth in vivo. In combination, sunitinib was able to overcome potential crizotinib-induced resistance through downregulation of ERK 1/2 activity and PDGFRß receptor expression; consequently, tumor growth was significantly decreased both in vitro and in vivo. Through the use of the PDX, it was possible to identify crizotinib as a less effective therapeutic for this tumor and suggest that targeting PDGFRß would be more effective. These findings may translate to other solid tumors that present with the same genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin H Quinn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Andee M Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Adele P Williams
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Raoud Marayati
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Laura V Bownes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Hooper R Markert
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Jamie M Aye
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Jerry E Stewart
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | | | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Karina J Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. South, Lowder, Room 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
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17
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Han D, Yang P, Qin B, Ji G, Wu Y, Yu L, Zhang H. Upregulation of Nogo-B by hypoxia inducible factor-1 and activator protein-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2728-2738. [PMID: 33963651 PMCID: PMC8253276 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nogo-B is an important regulator of tumor angiogenesis. Expression of Nogo-B is remarkably upregulated in multiple tumor types, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we show the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of Nogo-B in liver cancer. In response to hypoxia, expression of Nogo-B significantly increased in HCC tissues and cells. The distal hypoxia-responsive element in the promoter was essential for transcriptional activation of Nogo-B under hypoxic conditions, which is the specific site for hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) binding. In addition, Nogo-B expression was associated with c-Fos expression in HCC tissues. Nogo-B expression was induced by c-Fos, yet inhibited by a dominant negative mutant A-Fos. Deletion and mutation analysis of the predicted activator protein-1 binding sites revealed that functional element mediated the induction of Nogo-B promoter activity, which was confirmed by ChIP. These results indicate that HIF-1α and c-Fos induce the expression of Nogo-B depending on tumor microenvironments, such as hypoxia and low levels of nutrients, and play a role in upregulation of Nogo-B in tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Han
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryShanghai Children’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Penggao Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction SurgeryShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guoqing Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringInstitute of GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryShanghai Children’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
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18
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Banfi F, Rubio A, Zaghi M, Massimino L, Fagnocchi G, Bellini E, Luoni M, Cancellieri C, Bagliani A, Di Resta C, Maffezzini C, Ianielli A, Ferrari M, Piazza R, Mologni L, Broccoli V, Sessa A. SETBP1 accumulation induces P53 inhibition and genotoxic stress in neural progenitors underlying neurodegeneration in Schinzel-Giedion syndrome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4050. [PMID: 34193871 PMCID: PMC8245514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of genetic forms of juvenile neurodegeneration could shed light on the causative mechanisms of neuronal loss. Schinzel-Giedion syndrome (SGS) is a fatal developmental syndrome caused by mutations in the SETBP1 gene, inducing the accumulation of its protein product. SGS features multi-organ involvement with severe intellectual and physical deficits due, at least in part, to early neurodegeneration. Here we introduce a human SGS model that displays disease-relevant phenotypes. We show that SGS neural progenitors exhibit aberrant proliferation, deregulation of oncogenes and suppressors, unresolved DNA damage, and resistance to apoptosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that high SETBP1 levels inhibit P53 function through the stabilization of SET, which in turn hinders P53 acetylation. We find that the inheritance of unresolved DNA damage in SGS neurons triggers the neurodegenerative process that can be alleviated either by PARP-1 inhibition or by NAD + supplementation. These results implicate that neuronal death in SGS originates from developmental alterations mainly in safeguarding cell identity and homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/metabolism
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/metabolism
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/pathology
- DNA Damage
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/genetics
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/metabolism
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/pathology
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/genetics
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/metabolism
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/pathology
- Humans
- Intellectual Disability/genetics
- Intellectual Disability/metabolism
- Intellectual Disability/pathology
- Mutation
- Nails, Malformed/genetics
- Nails, Malformed/metabolism
- Nails, Malformed/pathology
- Neural Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neural Stem Cells/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Organoids
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Banfi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Alicia Rubio
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Zaghi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fagnocchi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cancellieri
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells service, Istituto Italiano di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Bagliani
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano Hospital, Legnano, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Resta
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Genomics for human disease diagnosis, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Maffezzini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Ianielli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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19
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Reneau JC, Wilcox RA. Novel therapies targeting cutaneous T cell lymphomas and their microenvironment. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:103-113. [PMID: 33906720 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are rare non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a generally indolent course managed with topical, skin-directed therapies. A small subset, however, will progress to advanced stage disease necessitating systemic therapy for disease control. Currently approved therapies have low response rates and generally short durations of response. Novel therapies, therefore, are urgently needed to address this unmet need. In this review, the mechanisms of CTCL pathogenesis and progression, including the role of the tumor microenvironment and molecular alterations, are summarized. Based on these biologic insights, novel therapies currently under investigation and those with a strong preclinical biologic rationale including T cell and macrophage checkpoint inhibitors, epigenetic regulators, targeted antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and apoptosis modulating therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Reneau
- The Ohio State University, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH.
| | - Ryan A Wilcox
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI
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20
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Redl E, Sheibani-Tezerji R, Cardona CDJ, Hamminger P, Timelthaler G, Hassler MR, Zrimšek M, Lagger S, Dillinger T, Hofbauer L, Draganić K, Tiefenbacher A, Kothmayer M, Dietz CH, Ramsahoye BH, Kenner L, Bock C, Seiser C, Ellmeier W, Schweikert G, Egger G. Requirement of DNMT1 to orchestrate epigenomic reprogramming for NPM-ALK-driven lymphomagenesis. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202000794. [PMID: 33310759 PMCID: PMC7768196 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation depends on genetic and epigenetic events that result in a burst of deregulated gene expression and chromatin changes. To dissect the sequence of events in this process, we used a T-cell-specific lymphoma model based on the human oncogenic nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) translocation. We find that transformation of T cells shifts thymic cell populations to an undifferentiated immunophenotype, which occurs only after a period of latency, accompanied by induction of the MYC-NOTCH1 axis and deregulation of key epigenetic enzymes. We discover aberrant DNA methylation patterns, overlapping with regulatory regions, plus a high degree of epigenetic heterogeneity between individual tumors. In addition, ALK-positive tumors show a loss of associated methylation patterns of neighboring CpG sites. Notably, deletion of the maintenance DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 completely abrogates lymphomagenesis in this model, despite oncogenic signaling through NPM-ALK, suggesting that faithful maintenance of tumor-specific methylation through DNMT1 is essential for sustained proliferation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Redl
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Patricia Hamminger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Rosalia Hassler
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maša Zrimšek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Lagger
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Dillinger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorena Hofbauer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Draganić
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Tiefenbacher
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kothmayer
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles H Dietz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernard H Ramsahoye
- Centre for Genetic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genomic and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL-AM), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), CoreLab 2, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Seiser
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schweikert
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany
- Division of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gerda Egger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics (LBI AD), Vienna, Austria
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21
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Garbin A, Lovisa F, Holmes AB, Damanti CC, Gallingani I, Carraro E, Accordi B, Veltri G, Pizzi M, d'Amore ESG, Pillon M, Biffi A, Basso K, Mussolin L. miR-939 acts as tumor suppressor by modulating JUNB transcriptional activity in pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2021; 106:610-613. [PMID: 32299901 PMCID: PMC7849582 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.241307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garbin
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Lovisa
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Antony B Holmes
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlotta C Damanti
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gallingani
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Carraro
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Benedetta Accordi
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Veltri
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Pizzi
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marta Pillon
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Katia Basso
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Dept of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Dept Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, Italy
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22
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Katagiri T, Kameda H, Nakano H, Yamazaki S. Regulation of T cell differentiation by the AP-1 transcription factor JunB. Immunol Med 2021; 44:197-203. [PMID: 33470914 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2021.1872838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
JunB, a component of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, is known to exhibit an important role in bone formation and bone marrow cell proliferation. During T helper type 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, JunB contributes to the regulation of interleukin (IL)-4 expression, and AP-1 and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) constitute a heteromer and contribute to IL-2 production. However, the role of JunB in other T cells has not been investigated. In 2017, it was revealed that JunB, in collaboration with basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF), regulates the expression of Th17-related genes. Furthermore, JunB was found to play an important role in regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation, contributing to CD25 expression and IL-2 production. IL-2 is a T cell activator and has been shown as a necessary factor for Treg proliferation. Here, we review the role of JunB in T cells based on basic research data and discuss the potential for its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Katagiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Kameda
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soh Yamazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Wu Z, Nicoll M, Ingham RJ. AP-1 family transcription factors: a diverse family of proteins that regulate varied cellular activities in classical hodgkin lymphoma and ALK+ ALCL. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:4. [PMID: 33413671 PMCID: PMC7792353 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive, anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) are B and T cell lymphomas respectively, which express the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member, CD30. Another feature shared by cHL and ALK+ ALCL is the aberrant expression of multiple members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors which includes proteins of the Jun, Fos, ATF, and Maf subfamilies. In this review, we highlight the varied roles these proteins play in the pathobiology of these lymphomas including promoting proliferation, suppressing apoptosis, and evading the host immune response. In addition, we discuss factors contributing to the elevated expression of these transcription factors in cHL and ALK+ ALCL. Finally, we examine therapeutic strategies for these lymphomas that exploit AP-1 transcriptional targets or the signalling pathways they regulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoqiao Wu
- grid.17089.37Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Present Address: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mary Nicoll
- grid.17089.37Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Present Address: Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robert J. Ingham
- grid.17089.37Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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24
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Tingting Z, Xiaojing L, Xiaoyan T, Keqin H, Junjun Q. The Antisense long noncoding RNA AGAP2-AS1 regulates cell proliferation and metastasis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:5318-5328. [PMID: 32742478 PMCID: PMC7391213 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense long noncoding RNAs serve as important regulators of protein-coding genes and contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis. AGAP2-AS1, an antisense lncRNA transcribed from AGAP2, is involved in various cancer types. However, the clinical significance, biological roles and regulatory mechanisms of AGAP2-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, we demonstrated the expression pattern and biological roles of AGAP2-AS1 in EOC. Clinically, AGAP2-AS1 expression was decreased in EOC tissues compared to that in the controls. Low expression of AGAP2-AS1 was associated with advanced FIGO stage, high histological grade, serous subtype and lymph node metastasis in patients with EOC. AGAP2-AS1 inhibited cell migration, invasion and proliferation in vitro. AGAP2-AS1 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, AGAP2-AS1 inhibited cell metastasis and proliferation by downregulating KRAS, FGFR4, and CTSK and suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence for the tumor-suppressing effect of AGAP2-AS1 in EOC and demonstrate that AGAP2-AS1 may represent a promising therapeutic target for EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tingting
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Gynaecology, The First affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 471000, Zhengzhou 471000, China
| | - Lin Xiaojing
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Tang Xiaoyan
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hua Keqin
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qiu Junjun
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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25
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Zhang Y, Lee D, Brimer T, Hussaini M, Sokol L. Genomics of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma and Its Implications for Personalized Medicine. Front Oncol 2020; 10:898. [PMID: 32637355 PMCID: PMC7317006 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare, heterogenous group of mature T-cell neoplasms that comprise 10–15% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases in the United States. All subtypes of PTCL, except for ALK+ anaplastic T-cell lymphoma, are associated with poor prognosis, with median overall survival (OS) rates of 1–3 years. The diagnosis of PTCL is mainly based on clinical presentation, morphologic features, and immunophenotypes. Recent advances in genome sequencing and gene expression profiling have given new insights into the pathogenesis and molecular biology of PTCL. An enhanced understanding of its genomic landscape holds the promise of refining the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of PTCL. In this review, we examine recently discovered genetic abnormalities identified by molecular profiling in 3 of the most common types of PTCL: RHOAG17V and epigenetic regulator mutations in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, ALK expression and JAK/STAT3 pathway mutations in anaplastic T-cell lymphoma, and T-follicular helper phenotype and GATA3/TBX21 expression in PTCL-not otherwise specified. We also discuss the implications of these abnormalities for clinical practice, new/potential targeted therapies, and the role of personalized medicine in the management of PTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dasom Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Thomas Brimer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Hussaini
- Department of Hematopathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lubomir Sokol
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
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26
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Fiore D, Cappelli LV, Broccoli A, Zinzani PL, Chan WC, Inghirami G. Peripheral T cell lymphomas: from the bench to the clinic. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:323-342. [PMID: 32249838 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of orphan neoplasms. Despite the introduction of anthracycline-based chemotherapy protocols, with or without autologous haematopoietic transplantation and a plethora of new agents, the progression-free survival of patients with PTCLs needs to be improved. The rarity of these neoplasms, the limited knowledge of their driving defects and the lack of experimental models have impaired clinical successes. This scenario is now rapidly changing with the discovery of a spectrum of genomic defects that hijack essential signalling pathways and foster T cell transformation. This knowledge has led to new genomic-based stratifications, which are being used to establish objective diagnostic criteria, more effective risk assessment and target-based interventions. The integration of genomic and functional data has provided the basis for targeted therapies and immunological approaches that underlie individual tumour vulnerabilities. Fortunately, novel therapeutic strategies can now be rapidly tested in preclinical models and effectively translated to the clinic by means of well-designed clinical trials. We believe that by combining new targeted agents with immune regulators and chimeric antigen receptor-expressing natural killer and T cells, the overall survival of patients with PTCLs will dramatically increase.
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MESH Headings
- Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics
- Epigenesis, Genetic/physiology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/metabolism
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Mutation
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Fiore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Vincenzo Cappelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Broccoli
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Agarwal I, Sabatini L, Alikhan MB. Diagnostic Capability of Next-Generation Sequencing Fusion Analysis in Identifying a Rare CASE of TRAF1-ALK-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:730. [PMID: 32457846 PMCID: PMC7225296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare T-cell neoplasm, accounting for approximately 3% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although NPM1 is the most common fusion partner with ALK, many others have been described, necessitating break-apart FISH studies for confirmation of the diagnosis. TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a rare ALK partner that is thought to confer a worse prognosis in patients. We describe the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) RNA analysis in detection of this uncommon ALK partner. Case Description: A 42-year-old male with cervical lymphadenopathy presented for excisional biopsy. Following a tissue diagnosis of ALCL, ALK+, RNA from the biopsy was extracted from Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and prepared for Anchored Multiplex PCR using the Archer® FusionPlex® v2 assay, which employs unidirectional gene-specific primers using NGS to detect novel or unknown gene partners. Results: Histologic evaluation of the excised lymph node showed atypical cells, including “horseshoe/kidney”-shaped nuclei. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive against CD30, ALK (diffuse, cytoplasmic), CD2, CD4, granzyme B, and TIA-1. A diagnosis of ALCL, ALK+ was made. The pattern of ALK immunostaining suggested a non-NPM1-associated ALK translocation pattern, prompting further investigation. NGS fusion analysis showed a translocation involving exon 7 of TRAF1 and exon 20 of ALK. Conclusion: ALK positivity suggests an overall favorable prognosis of ALCL as compared to ALK-negative cases. However, in the rare published cases of TRAF1-ALK, an aggressive clinical course has been observed, which may reflect the aggressive propensity of this particular fusion, as these cases appear to be refractory to standard chemotherapy and also to the first generation ALK inhibitors. This study highlights the advantage of using NGS in RNA-based fusion assays to detect rare translocations, which can be of some clinical importance in detecting rare but aggressive fusion partners of ALK. As these technologies become more available, there is potential to identify such changes and effectively stratify the prognosis of ALCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Agarwal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Linda Sabatini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Mir B Alikhan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
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28
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Fan J, Yang M, Huang B, Wang Z, Luo D, Zhang J, Zhang P, Shi H, Li Y, Nie X. ALK expressed in a gastrointestinal stromal tumor harboring PDGFRA p. D842V mutation:a case report. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:8. [PMID: 32005261 PMCID: PMC6993420 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-0926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of adult mesenchymal neoplasms. The events that drive GIST oncogenesis are primarily KIT or PDGFRA mutations, which lead to the susceptibility of these tumors to small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib and sunitinib. However, previous studies have shown that patients with a PDGFRA D842V mutation in GISTs have a very low rate of response to imatinib treatment. Therefore, novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are currently being evaluated in clinical trials to treat GISTs harboring a PDGFRA D842V mutation. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) overexpression was not expected to be present in the GIST, and it has been used as a biomarker to distinguish GISTs from other types of mesenchymal tumors. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a 37-year-old male patient who presented with a large mass in the right upper abdomen and was subsequently diagnosed with a GIST harboring a PDGFRA D842V mutation. We unexpectedly found that the GIST in this patient exhibited simultaneous ALK expression. CONCLUSIONS This is the first case reported of a GIST with ALK expression. This rare phenomenon suggests that the diagnosis of a GIST cannot be excluded absolutely if a tumor exhibits ALK expression. In addition, ALK may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with imatinib-resistant stromal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fan
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenkao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Danju Luo
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Heshui Shi
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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29
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Cell of Origin and Immunologic Events in the Pathogenesis of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 190:2-10. [PMID: 31610171 PMCID: PMC7298558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a CD30-positive, anaplastic lymphoma kinase–negative T-cell lymphoma. Nearly all cases have been associated with textured implants. Most cases are of effusion-limited, indolent disease, with an excellent prognosis after implant and capsule removal. However, capsular invasion and tumor mass have a more aggressive course and a fatal outcome risk. This review summarizes the current knowledge on BIA-ALCL cell of origin and immunologic factors underlying its pathogenesis. Cytokine expression profiling of BIA-ALCL cell lines and clinical specimens reveals a predominantly type 17 helper T-cell (Th17)/Th1 signature, implicating this as its cell of origin. However, a Th2 allergic inflammatory response is suggested by the presence of IL-13, with infiltration of eosinophils and IgE-coated mast cells in clinical specimens of BIA-ALCL. The microenvironment-induced T-cell plasticity, a factor increasingly appreciated, may partially explain these divergent results. Mutations resulting in constitutive Janus kinase (JAK)–STAT activation have been detected and associated with BIA-ALCL pathogenesis in a small number of cases. One possible scenario is that an inflammatory microenvironment stimulates an immune response, followed by polyclonal expansion of Th17/Th1 cell subsets with release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and accumulation of seroma. JAK-STAT3 gain-of-function mutations within this pathway and others may subsequently lead to monoclonal T-cell proliferation and clinical BIA-ALCL. Current research suggests that therapies targeting JAK proteins warrant investigation in BIA-ALCL.
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30
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Cai H, Shi Q, Tang Y, Chen L, Chen Y, Tao Z, Yang H, Xie F, Wu X, Liu N, Yang Y, Wu H, Tian R, Lu X, Li L. Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor β in Colorectal Tumor Xenograft Using Zirconium-89 Labeled Dimeric Affibody Molecule. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1950-1957. [PMID: 30986347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Cai
- Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiuxiao Shi
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Lab of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ze Tao
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fang Xie
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital and West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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31
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Barth MJ, Minard-Colin V. Novel targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of childhood, adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:1111-1124. [PMID: 30701541 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies. Most NHLs in children, adolescent and young adult patients are aggressive lymphomas that are generally treated with multi-agent chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy regimens. While overall survival is high, the treatment can lead to a high rate of acute and long-term toxicity. However, in the rarer instance of relapsed or refractory disease, outcomes are dismal. Novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of both T-cell and B-cell NHLs are critical to improve outcomes while also minimising the associated toxicity of current treatment regimes. Potential therapeutic approaches in development include humoral and cellular immunotherapies, small molecule inhibitors of relevant signalling pathways and epigenetic modifying agents. In this review, we will highlight the current state of development of agents of interest with a focus on agents relevant to childhood, adolescent and young adult NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Barth
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University at Buffalo, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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32
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Larose H, Burke GAA, Lowe EJ, Turner SD. From bench to bedside: the past, present and future of therapy for systemic paediatric ALCL, ALK. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:1043-1054. [PMID: 30681723 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma that mainly presents in paediatric and young adult patients. The majority of cases express a chimeric fusion protein resulting in hyperactivation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) as the consequence of a chromosomal translocation. Rarer cases lack expression of ALK fusion proteins and are categorised as ALCL, ALK-. An adapted regimen of an historic chemotherapy backbone is still used to this day, yielding overall survival (OS) of over 90% but with event-free survival (EFS) at an unacceptable 70%, improving little over the past 30 years. It is clear that continued adaption of current therapies will probably not improve these statistics and, for progress to be made, integration of biology with the design and implementation of future clinical trials is required. Indeed, advances in our understanding of the biology of ALCL are outstripping our ability to clinically translate them; laboratory-based research has highlighted a plethora of potential therapeutic targets but, with high survival rates combined with a scarcity of funding and patients to implement paediatric trials of novel agents, progress is slow. However, advances must be made to reduce the side-effects of intensive chemotherapy regimens whilst maintaining, if not improving, OS and EFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Larose
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,European Research Initiative for ALK-related malignancies (www.erialcl.net), Cambridge, UK
| | - G A Amos Burke
- Department of paediatric oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric J Lowe
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughter, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,European Research Initiative for ALK-related malignancies (www.erialcl.net), Cambridge, UK
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33
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Jacobsen ED, Weinstock DM. Challenges and implications of genomics for T-cell lymphomas. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2018; 2018:63-68. [PMID: 30504292 PMCID: PMC6246015 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Treatment outcomes for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) and advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) remain poor. The past few years have witnessed an explosion in our understanding of the genetics of these diverse malignancies. Many subtypes harbor highly recurrent mutations, including single-nucleotide variants, insertions/deletions, and chromosomal rearrangements, that affect T-cell receptor signaling, costimulatory molecules, JAK/STAT and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifiers. An important subset of these mutations is included within commercially available, multigene panels and, in rare circumstances, indicate therapeutic targets. However, current preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that only a minority of mutations identified in TCLs indicate biologic dependence. With a few exceptions that we highlight, mutations identified in TCLs should not be routinely used to select targeted therapies outside of a clinical trial. Participation in trials and publication of both positive and negative results remain the most important mechanisms for improving patient outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Genomics/methods
- Humans
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/therapy
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Jacobsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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34
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Blombery P, Thompson E, Ryland GL, Joyce R, Byrne DJ, Khoo C, Lade S, Hertzberg M, Hapgood G, Marlton P, Deva A, Lindeman G, Fox S, Westerman D, Prince M. Frequent activating STAT3 mutations and novel recurrent genomic abnormalities detected in breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36126-36136. [PMID: 30546832 PMCID: PMC6281423 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare form of T-cell lymphoma that occurs after implantation of breast prostheses. We performed comprehensive next generation sequencing based genomic characterization of 11 cases of BIA-ALCL including sequence variant detection on 180 genes frequently mutated in haematological malignancy, genome-wide copy number assessment, structural variant detection involving the T-cell receptor loci and TRB deep-sequencing. We observed sequence variants leading to JAK/STAT activation in 10 out of 11 patients. We also observed germline TP53 mutations in two cases. In addition we detected a recurrent copy number loss involving RPL5 as well as copy number amplifications involving TNFRSF11A [RANK] (in 2 cases), MYC, P2RX7, TMEM119 and PDGFRA. In summary, our comprehensive genomic characterisation of 11 cases of BIA-ALCL has provided insight into potential pathobiological mechanisms (JAK/STAT, MYC and TP53) as well as identifying targets for future therapeutic intervention (TNFRSF11A, PDGFRA) in this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers Blombery
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ella Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgina L Ryland
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Joyce
- Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Byrne
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christine Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen Lade
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hertzberg
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Greg Hapgood
- Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paula Marlton
- Department of Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anand Deva
- Surgical Infection Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Lindeman
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David Westerman
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Miles Prince
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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35
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Lu L, Fu X, Li Z, Qiu Y, Li W, Zhou Z, Xue W, Wang Y, Jin M, Zhang M. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) is overexpressed in NK/T-cell lymphoma and mediates cell survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:525-531. [PMID: 30201265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that is clinically aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and their ligands (PDGFs) play important roles in angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, survival, migration and poor prognosis in various tumours. However, the significance of PDGFRs in NKTCL remains unknown. Herein, the present study aimed to investigate the important role of PDGFRα in pathogenesis, progression and prognisis of NKTCL. Firstly, we performed immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR and western blotting to determine PDGFRα expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 78 NKTCL cases and in cell lines. Secondly, correlations between PDGFRα expression and NKTCL clinical parameters and prognosis were analysed. Moreover, a biological assessment of PDGFRα blockade in two NKTCL cell lines was conducted through proliferation assay, cell-cycle evaluation and apoptosis detection by flow cytometry analyses. Furthermore, we detected in vivo activity of imatinib in mouse model of NKTCL. We found that the expression of PDGFRα was significantly higher in NKTCL tissues compared to the reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the nasopharynx (P = 0.028). High PDGFRα expression was strongly associated with a high LDH level (P = 0.028) and III-IV stage (P = 0.013). NKTCL patients with high PDGFRα expression displayed a reduced median overall survival time and progression-free survival time when compared with those with low PDGFRα expression (P = 0.011, P = 0.005, respectively). Cox multivariate analysis showed that III-IV stage (P = 0.024) and high PDGFRα expression (P = 0.003) were independent prognostic factors in NKTCL patients. Biological assessment assays in two NKTCL cell lines revealed that a specific PDGFR antagonist, imatinib, inhibited cell viability, blocked cell cycle progression at G0/G1 stage and induced apoptosis. Similarly, the in vivo assay showed that imatinib delayed mouse model tumour growth. In conclusion, NKTCL tumour cells have prominent PDGFRα expression, which can serve as a candidate prognostic marker. PDGFR antagonists have significant biological effect on NKTCL and may be useful therapeutic agents for treatment of NKTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Lu
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yajuan Qiu
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Weiming Li
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Weili Xue
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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36
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Treatment Options for Paediatric Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL): Current Standard and beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040099. [PMID: 29601554 PMCID: PMC5923354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)-positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL), remains one of the most curable cancers in the paediatric setting; multi-agent chemotherapy cures approximately 65–90% of patients. Over the last two decades, major efforts have focused on improving the survival rate by intensification of combination chemotherapy regimens and employing stem cell transplantation for chemotherapy-resistant patients. More recently, several new and ‘renewed’ agents have offered the opportunity for a change in the paradigm for the management of both chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant forms of ALCL. The development of ALK inhibitors following the identification of the EML4-ALK fusion gene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) has opened new possibilities for ALK-positive ALCL. The uniform expression of CD30 on the cell surface of ALCL has given the opportunity for anti-CD30 antibody therapy. The re-evaluation of vinblastine, which has shown remarkable activity as a single agent even in the face of relapsed disease, has led to the consideration of a revised approach to frontline therapy. The advent of immune therapies such as checkpoint inhibition has provided another option for the treatment of ALCL. In fact, the number of potential new agents now presents a real challenge to the clinical community that must prioritise those thought to offer the most promise for the future. In this review, we will focus on the current status of paediatric ALCL therapy, explore how new and ‘renewed’ agents are re-shaping the therapeutic landscape for ALCL, and identify the strategies being employed in the next generation of clinical trials.
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37
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The Role of Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) Family Members in CD30-Positive Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040093. [PMID: 29597249 PMCID: PMC5923348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor (TF) family, composed of a variety of members including c-JUN, c-FOS and ATF, is involved in mediating many biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell death. Since their discovery, the role of AP-1 TFs in cancer development has been extensively analysed. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the complexity of these TFs, mainly due to their cell-type specific homo- or hetero-dimerization resulting in diverse transcriptional response profiles. However, as a result of the increasing knowledge of the role of AP-1 TFs in disease, these TFs are being recognized as promising therapeutic targets for various malignancies. In this review, we focus on the impact of deregulated expression of AP-1 TFs in CD30-positive lymphomas including Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma and Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.
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38
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Schleussner N, Merkel O, Costanza M, Liang HC, Hummel F, Romagnani C, Durek P, Anagnostopoulos I, Hummel M, Jöhrens K, Niedobitek A, Griffin PR, Piva R, Sczakiel HL, Woessmann W, Damm-Welk C, Hinze C, Stoiber D, Gillissen B, Turner SD, Kaergel E, von Hoff L, Grau M, Lenz G, Dörken B, Scheidereit C, Kenner L, Janz M, Mathas S. The AP-1-BATF and -BATF3 module is essential for growth, survival and TH17/ILC3 skewing of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2018; 32:1994-2007. [PMID: 29588546 PMCID: PMC6127090 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor AP-1 is constitutively activated and IRF4 drives growth and survival in ALK+ and ALK- anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Here we demonstrate high-level BATF and BATF3 expression in ALCL. Both BATFs bind classical AP-1 motifs and interact with in ALCL deregulated AP-1 factors. Together with IRF4, they co-occupy AP-1-IRF composite elements, differentiating ALCL from non-ALCL. Gene-specific inactivation of BATFs, or global AP-1 inhibition results in ALCL growth retardation and/or cell death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the AP-1-BATF module establishes TH17/group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3)-associated gene expression in ALCL cells, including marker genes such as AHR, IL17F, IL22, IL26, IL23R and RORγt. Elevated IL-17A and IL-17F levels were detected in a subset of children and adolescents with ALK+ ALCL. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of primary lymphoma data confirms TH17-, and in particular ILC3-skewing in ALCL compared with PTCL. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of RORC as single treatment leads to cell death in ALCL cell lines and, in combination with the ALK inhibitor crizotinib, enforces death induction in ALK+ ALCL. Our data highlight the crucial role of AP-1/BATFs in ALCL and lead to the concept that some ALCL might originate from ILC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Schleussner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariantonia Costanza
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany.,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
| | - Huan-Chang Liang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
| | - Franziska Hummel
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- German Rheumatism Research Centre, German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Department I, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- German Rheumatism Research Centre, German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Korinna Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Niedobitek
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Roberto Piva
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Henrike L Sczakiel
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK.,NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK.,NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Hinze
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research (LBI-CR), Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Gillissen
- Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK.,Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB21QP, UK
| | - Eva Kaergel
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda von Hoff
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Grau
- Department of Medicine A, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernd Dörken
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Kenner
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK. .,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research (LBI-CR), Vienna, Austria. .,University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria. .,CBmed, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Janz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Mathas
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany. .,European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
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Sharma GG, Mota I, Mologni L, Patrucco E, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Chiarle R. Tumor Resistance against ALK Targeted Therapy-Where It Comes From and Where It Goes. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E62. [PMID: 29495603 PMCID: PMC5876637 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a validated molecular target in several ALK-rearranged malignancies, particularly in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which has generated considerable interest and effort in developing ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Crizotinib was the first ALK inhibitor to receive FDA approval for ALK-positive NSCLC patients treatment. However, the clinical benefit observed in targeting ALK in NSCLC is almost universally limited by the emergence of drug resistance with a median of occurrence of approximately 10 months after the initiation of therapy. Thus, to overcome crizotinib resistance, second/third-generation ALK inhibitors have been developed and received, or are close to receiving, FDA approval. However, even when treated with these new inhibitors tumors became resistant, both in vitro and in clinical settings. The elucidation of the diverse mechanisms through which resistance to ALK TKI emerges, has informed the design of novel therapeutic strategies to improve patients disease outcome. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge regarding ALK physiologic function/structure and neoplastic transforming role, as well as an update on ALK inhibitors and resistance mechanisms along with possible therapeutic strategies that may overcome the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Geeta Sharma
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy.
| | - Ines Mota
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy.
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy.
- Galkem Srl, Monza 20900, Italy.
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy.
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy.
- Galkem Srl, Monza 20900, Italy.
- Hematology and Clinical Research Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy.
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy.
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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40
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Pizzi M, Margolskee E, Inghirami G. Pathogenesis of Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2018; 13:293-320. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020117-043821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pizzi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Margolskee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Department of Pathology and NYU Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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41
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Heldin CH, Lennartsson J, Westermark B. Involvement of platelet-derived growth factor ligands and receptors in tumorigenesis. J Intern Med 2018; 283:16-44. [PMID: 28940884 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms and their receptors have important roles during embryogenesis, particularly in the development of various mesenchymal cell types in different organs. In the adult, PDGF stimulates wound healing and regulates tissue homeostasis. However, overactivity of PDGF signalling is associated with malignancies and other diseases characterized by excessive cell proliferation, such as fibrotic conditions and atherosclerosis. In certain tumours, genetic or epigenetic alterations of the genes for PDGF ligands and receptors drive tumour cell proliferation and survival. Examples include the rare skin tumour dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance, which is driven by autocrine PDGF stimulation due to translocation of a PDGF gene, and certain gastrointestinal stromal tumours and leukaemias, which are driven by constitute activation of PDGF receptors due to point mutations and formation of fusion proteins of the receptors, respectively. Moreover, PDGF stimulates cells in tumour stroma and promotes angiogenesis as well as the development of cancer-associated fibroblasts, both of which promote tumour progression. Inhibitors of PDGF signalling may thus be of clinical usefulness in the treatment of certain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Heldin
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Lennartsson
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Westermark
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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42
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Hassler MR, Pulverer W, Lakshminarasimhan R, Redl E, Hacker J, Garland GD, Merkel O, Schiefer AI, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Kenner L, Weisenberger DJ, Weinhaeusel A, Turner SD, Egger G. Insights into the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma through Genome-wide DNA Methylation Profiling. Cell Rep 2017; 17:596-608. [PMID: 27705804 PMCID: PMC6066089 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation patterns in malignant cells allow insight into tumor evolution and development and can be used for disease classification. Here, we describe the genome-wide DNA methylation signatures of NPM-ALK-positive (ALK+) and NPM-ALK-negative (ALK−) anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). We find that ALK+ and ALK− ALCL share common DNA methylation changes for genes involved in T cell differentiation and immune response, including TCR and CTLA-4, without an ALK-specific impact on tumor DNA methylation in gene promoters. Furthermore, we uncover a close relationship between global ALCL DNA methylation patterns and those in distinct thymic developmental stages and observe tumor-specific DNA hypomethylation in regulatory regions that are enriched for conserved transcription factor binding motifs such as AP1. Our results indicate similarity between ALCL tumor cells and thymic T cell subsets and a direct relationship between ALCL oncogenic signaling and DNA methylation through transcription factor induction and occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Hassler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Pulverer
- Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ranjani Lakshminarasimhan
- Department of Urology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Elisa Redl
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hacker
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gavin D Garland
- Division of Molecular Histopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ana-Iris Schiefer
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lukas Kenner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals (UPLA), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andreas Weinhaeusel
- Health & Environment Department, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Molecular Histopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gerda Egger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; European Research Initiative on ALK-Related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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43
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Orlova A, Wingelhofer B, Neubauer HA, Maurer B, Berger-Becvar A, Keserű GM, Gunning PT, Valent P, Moriggl R. Emerging therapeutic targets in myeloproliferative neoplasms and peripheral T-cell leukemia and lymphomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 22:45-57. [PMID: 29148847 PMCID: PMC5743003 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1406924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hematopoietic neoplasms are often driven by gain-of-function mutations of the JAK-STAT pathway together with mutations in chromatin remodeling and DNA damage control pathways. The interconnection between the JAK-STAT pathway, epigenetic regulation or DNA damage control is still poorly understood in cancer cell biology. Areas covered: Here, we focus on a broader description of mutational insights into myeloproliferative neoplasms and peripheral T-cell leukemia and lymphomas, since sequencing efforts have identified similar combinations of driver mutations in these diseases covering different lineages. We summarize how these pathways might be interconnected in normal or cancer cells, which have lost differentiation capacity and drive oncogene transcription. Expert opinion: Due to similarities in driver mutations including epigenetic enzymes, JAK-STAT pathway activation and mutated checkpoint control through TP53, we hypothesize that similar therapeutic approaches could be of benefit in these diseases. We give an overview of how driver mutations in these malignancies contribute to hematopoietic cancer initiation or progression, and how these pathways can be targeted with currently available tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orlova
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Bettina Wingelhofer
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Heidi A Neubauer
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- c Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Angelika Berger-Becvar
- g Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Canada.,h Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - György Miklós Keserű
- d Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- g Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Canada.,h Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Peter Valent
- e Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,f Ludwig Boltzmann-Cluster Oncology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- a Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research , Vienna , Austria.,i Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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44
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Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Oncol Med 2017; 2017:6478467. [PMID: 29225983 PMCID: PMC5684586 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6478467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma has recently been recognized as an entity, with few reports describing the two common subtypes: in situ (indolent) and infiltrative. Recently, the infiltrative subtypes have been shown to be more aggressive requiring adjuvant chemotherapy. We report a rare case of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in a 65-year-old Caucasian female following silicone breast implantation and multiple capsulectomies. We discuss the rare presentation of this disease, histopathologic features of the indolent and infiltrative subtypes of ALCL, and their clinical significance. We also review the literature for up-to-date information on the diagnosis and clinical management. Treatment modalities including targeted therapy are also discussed. Although BIA-ALCL is rare, it should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis especially in women with breast implants. Given the increasing rate of breast reconstruction and cosmetic surgeries, we anticipate a continuous rise in incidence rates of this rare disease; thus, caution must be taken to avoid misdiagnosis.
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45
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From Pathology to Precision Medicine in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Expressing Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK+ ALCL). Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100138. [PMID: 29035291 PMCID: PMC5664077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma expressing anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK+ ALCL) is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In this review, we discuss the historical findings that led to its classification as a unique disease, despite its varied clinical presentation and histology. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying ALK+ ALCL pathology and the questions that remain in the field. Finally, we visit how decades of ALK+ ALCL research has yielded more precise drugs that hold promise for the future.
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46
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Yamamoto M, Ikuta K, Toki Y, Hatayama M, Shindo M, Torimoto Y, Okumura T. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and hypereosinophilic syndrome with FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene effectively treated with imatinib: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8001. [PMID: 28885361 PMCID: PMC6392760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare disorder characterized by hypereosinophilia and organ damage. Some cases of HES are caused by the FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene and respond to imatinib. FIP1L1/PDGFRA-positive HES occasionally evolves into chronic eosinophilic leukemia or into another form of myeloproliferative neoplasm; however, the development of a malignant lymphoma is very rare. We present a rare case of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and HES with the FIP1L1/PDGFRA gene rearrangement. PATIENT CONCERNS A man in his 30s presented to our hospital with fever, hypereosinophilia, widespread lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. Laboratory tests showed hypereosinophilia, increased soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and increased vitamin B12. Positron-emission tomography with F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) showed positive FDG uptake in multiple enlarged lymph nodes throughout the body and the red bone marrow. A bone-marrow biopsy showed hypereosinophilia without dysplasia and an increased number of blasts. The FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene was positive upon fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of the peripheral blood. Furthermore, biopsy of a lymph node from the neck revealed restiform hyperplasia of capillary vessels, with small lymphoma cells arranged around the capillaries. Lymphoma cells were positive for CD3, CD4, and CD10, and negative for CD20. Lymphoma cells were also positive for the FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene by FISH analysis. DIAGNOSES From these findings, the patient was diagnosed with HES and AITL with FIP1L1/PDGFRA. INTERVENTIONS After the diagnosis, corticosteroid was administered but was ineffective. Imatinib was then administered. OUTCOMES Imatinib was very effective for treating HES and AITL, and complete remission was achieved in both. LESSONS This report presents the first case in which the FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene was positive both in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, implying the possibility that the tumor cells acquired the FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene in the early stage of hematopoietic progenitor cell developments. Imatinib was very effective in treating both HES and lymphoma, suggesting that the FIP1L1/PDGFRA fusion gene plays a key role in the pathogenesis of both HES and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Katsuya Ikuta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Yasumichi Toki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Mayumi Hatayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Motohiro Shindo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Torimoto
- Oncology Center, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
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47
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Lollies A, Hartmann S, Schneider M, Bracht T, Weiß AL, Arnolds J, Klein-Hitpass L, Sitek B, Hansmann ML, Küppers R, Weniger MA. An oncogenic axis of STAT-mediated BATF3 upregulation causing MYC activity in classical Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2017; 32:92-101. [PMID: 28659618 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) feature high expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors, which regulate various physiological processes but also promote lymphomagenesis. The AP-1 factor basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like 3 (BATF3), is highly transcribed in cHL and ALCL; however, its functional importance in lymphomagenesis is unknown. Here we show that proto-typical CD30+ lymphomas, namely cHL (21/30) and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (8/9), but also CD30+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (15/20) frequently express BATF3 protein. Mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation established interactions of BATF3 with JUN and JUNB in cHL and ALCL lines. BATF3 knockdown using short hairpin RNAs was toxic for cHL and ALCL lines, reducing their proliferation and survival. We identified MYC as a critical BATF3 target and confirmed binding of BATF3 to the MYC promoter. JAK/STAT signaling regulated BATF3 expression, as chemical JAK2 inhibition reduced and interleukin 13 stimulation induced BATF3 expression in cHL lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation substantiated a direct regulation of BATF3 by STAT proteins in cHL and ALCL lines. In conclusion, we identified STAT-mediated BATF3 expression that is essential for lymphoma cell survival and promoted MYC activity in cHL and ALCL, hence we recognized a new oncogenic axis in these lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lollies
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Hartmann
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Schneider
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Bracht
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A L Weiß
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - J Arnolds
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - L Klein-Hitpass
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - B Sitek
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M-L Hansmann
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M A Weniger
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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48
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Trop-Steinberg S, Azar Y. AP-1 Expression and its Clinical Relevance in Immune Disorders and Cancer. Am J Med Sci 2017; 353:474-483. [PMID: 28502334 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is known to have a significant role in certain autoimmune diseases and malignancies. We review current knowledge regarding the functions of activator protein 1 (AP-1) as an important modulator in several immune disorders and carcinomas. AP-1 is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis and in long-term allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation survivors; however, decreased expression of AP-1 has been observed in psoriasis, systematic lupus erythematosus and in patients who do not survive after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. AP-1 also is implicated in the control of various cancer cells. Higher levels of AP-1 components are present in breast and endometrial carcinomas, colorectal cancer and in acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin׳s lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, with downregulation in ovarian and gastric carcinomas and in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. AP-1 may enable the development of helpful markers to identify early-stage disease or to predict severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yehudit Azar
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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49
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Egger G, Turner SD. New avenues for targeted therapies and biomarkers in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Epigenomics 2017; 9:97-100. [PMID: 28097892 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Egger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Molecular Histopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Lab Block Level 3, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK
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50
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Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase: the ultimate oncogene and therapeutic target. Blood 2016; 129:823-831. [PMID: 27879258 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-717793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase physiologically expressed by fetal neural cells. However, aberrantly expressed ALK is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse malignancies, including distinct types of lymphoma, lung carcinoma, and neuroblastoma. The aberrant ALK expression in nonneural cells results from chromosomal translocations that create novel fusion proteins. These protein hybrids compose the proximal part of a partner gene, including its promoter region, and the distal part of ALK, including the coding sequence for the entire kinase domain. ALK was first identified in a subset of T-cell lymphomas with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) morphology (ALK+ ALCL), the vast majority of which harbor the well-characterized nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion protein. NPM-ALK co-opts several intracellular signal transduction pathways, foremost being the STAT3 pathway, normally activated by cytokines from the interleukin-2 (IL-2) family to promote cell proliferation and to inhibit apoptosis. Many genes and proteins modulated by NPM-ALK are also involved in evasion of antitumor immune response, protection from hypoxia, angiogenesis, DNA repair, cell migration and invasiveness, and cell metabolism. In addition, NPM-ALK uses epigenetic silencing mechanisms to downregulate tumor suppressor genes to maintain its own expression. Importantly, NPM-ALK is capable of transforming primary human CD4+ T cells into immortalized cell lines indistinguishable from patient-derived ALK+ ALCL. Preliminary clinical studies indicate that inhibition of NPM-ALK induces long-lasting complete remissions in a large subset of heavily pretreated adult patients and the vast majority of children with high-stage ALK+ ALCL. Combining ALK inhibition with other novel therapeutic modalities should prove even more effective.
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