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Liao Z, Terada S, Raikov IG, Hadjiabadi D, Szoboszlay M, Soltesz I, Losonczy A. Inhibitory plasticity supports replay generalization in the hippocampus. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01745-w. [PMID: 39227715 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01745-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Memory consolidation assimilates recent experiences into long-term memory. This process requires the replay of learned sequences, although the content of these sequences remains controversial. Recent work has shown that the statistics of replay deviate from those of experience: stimuli that are experientially salient may be either recruited or suppressed from sharp-wave ripples. In this study, we found that this phenomenon can be explained parsimoniously and biologically plausibly by a Hebbian spike-time-dependent plasticity rule at inhibitory synapses. Using models at three levels of abstraction-leaky integrate-and-fire, biophysically detailed and abstract binary-we show that this rule enables efficient generalization, and we make specific predictions about the consequences of intact and perturbed inhibitory dynamics for network dynamics and cognition. Finally, we use optogenetics to artificially implant non-generalizable representations into the network in awake behaving mice, and we find that these representations also accumulate inhibition during sharp-wave ripples, experimentally validating a major prediction of our model. Our work outlines a potential direct link between the synaptic and cognitive levels of memory consolidation, with implications for both normal learning and neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrui Liao
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Satoshi Terada
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Georgiev Raikov
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Darian Hadjiabadi
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Miklos Szoboszlay
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Soltesz
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Tian L, Zhang Y, Chen J, Liu X, Nie H, Li K, Liu H, Lai W, Shi Y, Xi Z, Lin B. Effects of nanoplastic exposure during pregnancy and lactation on neurodevelopment of rat offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134800. [PMID: 38850955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics have emerged as a prominent global environmental contaminant, and they have been found in both human placenta and breast milk. However, the potential effects and mechanisms of maternal exposure to microplastics at various gestational stages on offspring neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. This investigation delves into the potential neurodevelopmental ramifications of maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) during distinct phases of pregnancy and lactation. Targeted metabolomics shows that co-exposure during both pregnancy and lactation primarily engendered alterations in monoamine neurotransmitters within the cortex and amino acid neurotransmitters within the hippocampus. After prenatal exposure to PS-NPs, fetal rats showed appreciably diminished cortical thickness and heightened cortical cell proliferation. However, this exposure did not affect the neurodifferentiation of radial glial cells and intermediate progenitor cells. In addition, offspring are accompanied by disordered neocortical migration, typified by escalated superficial layer neurons proliferation and reduced deep layer neurons populations. Moreover, the hippocampal synapses showed significantly widened synaptic clefts and diminished postsynaptic density. Consequently, PS-NPs culminated in deficits in anxiolytic-like behaviors and spatial memory in adolescent offspring, aligning with concurrent neurotransmitter and synaptic alterations. In conclusion, this study elucidates the sensitive windows of early-life nanoplastic exposure and the consequential impact on offspring neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Huipeng Nie
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Kang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Wenqing Lai
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Bencheng Lin
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
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Liao Z, Losonczy A. Learning, Fast and Slow: Single- and Many-Shot Learning in the Hippocampus. Annu Rev Neurosci 2024; 47:187-209. [PMID: 38663090 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-102423-100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is critical for memory and spatial navigation. The ability to map novel environments, as well as more abstract conceptual relationships, is fundamental to the cognitive flexibility that humans and other animals require to survive in a dynamic world. In this review, we survey recent advances in our understanding of how this flexibility is implemented anatomically and functionally by hippocampal circuitry, during both active exploration (online) and rest (offline). We discuss the advantages and limitations of spike timing-dependent plasticity and the more recently discovered behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity in supporting distinct learning modes in the hippocampus. Finally, we suggest complementary roles for these plasticity types in explaining many-shot and single-shot learning in the hippocampus and discuss how these rules could work together to support the learning of cognitive maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrui Liao
- Department of Neuroscience and Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neuroscience and Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;
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Wodeyar A, Chinappen D, Mylonas D, Baxter B, Manoach DS, Eden UT, Kramer MA, Chu CJ. Thalamic epileptic spikes disrupt sleep spindles in patients with epileptic encephalopathy. Brain 2024; 147:2803-2816. [PMID: 38650060 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In severe epileptic encephalopathies, epileptic activity contributes to progressive cognitive dysfunction. Epileptic encephalopathies share the trait of spike-wave activation during non-REM sleep (EE-SWAS), a sleep stage dominated by sleep spindles, which are brain oscillations known to coordinate offline memory consolidation. Epileptic activity has been proposed to hijack the circuits driving these thalamocortical oscillations, thereby contributing to cognitive impairment. Using a unique dataset of simultaneous human thalamic and cortical recordings in subjects with and without EE-SWAS, we provide evidence for epileptic spike interference of thalamic sleep spindle production in patients with EE-SWAS. First, we show that epileptic spikes and sleep spindles are both predicted by slow oscillations during stage two sleep (N2), but at different phases of the slow oscillation. Next, we demonstrate that sleep-activated cortical epileptic spikes propagate to the thalamus (thalamic spike rate increases after a cortical spike, P ≈ 0). We then show that epileptic spikes in the thalamus increase the thalamic spindle refractory period (P ≈ 0). Finally, we show that in three patients with EE-SWAS, there is a downregulation of sleep spindles for 30 s after each thalamic spike (P < 0.01). These direct human thalamocortical observations support a proposed mechanism for epileptiform activity to impact cognitive function, wherein epileptic spikes inhibit thalamic sleep spindles in epileptic encephalopathy with spike and wave activation during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Wodeyar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhinakaran Chinappen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dimitris Mylonas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bryan Baxter
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dara S Manoach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Uri T Eden
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark A Kramer
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Catherine J Chu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Baset A, Huang F. Shedding light on subiculum's role in human brain disorders. Brain Res Bull 2024; 214:110993. [PMID: 38825254 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Subiculum is a pivotal output component of the hippocampal formation, a structure often overlooked in neuroscientific research. Here, this review aims to explore the role of the subiculum in various brain disorders, shedding light on its significance within the functional-neuroanatomical perspective on neurological diseases. The subiculum's involvement in multiple brain disorders was thoroughly examined. In Alzheimer's disease, subiculum alterations precede cognitive decline, while in epilepsy, the subiculum plays a critical role in seizure initiation. Stress involves the subiculum's impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Moreover, the subiculum exhibits structural and functional changes in anxiety, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease, contributing to cognitive deficits. Bipolar disorder is linked to subiculum structural abnormalities, while autism spectrum disorder reveals an alteration of inward deformation in the subiculum. Lastly, frontotemporal dementia shows volumetric differences in the subiculum, emphasizing its contribution to the disorder's complexity. Taken together, this review consolidates existing knowledge on the subiculum's role in brain disorders, and may facilitate future research, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Baset
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Fengwen Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Zheng B, Zheng Y, Hu W, Chen Z. Dissecting the networks underlying diverse brain disorders after prenatal glucocorticoid overexposure. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1975-1990. [PMID: 38581585 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
New human life begins in the uterus in a period of both extreme plasticity and sensitivity to environmental disturbances. The fetal stage is also a vital period for central nervous system development, with experiences at this point profoundly and permanently shaping brain structure and function. As such, some brain disorders may originate in utero. Glucocorticoids, a class of essential stress hormones, play indispensable roles in fetal development, but overexposure may have lasting impacts on the brain. In this review, we summarize data from recent clinical and non-clinical studies regarding alterations in fetal brains due to prenatal glucocorticoid overexposure that are associated with nervous system disorders. We discuss relevant changes to brain structure and cellular functions and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, we summarize factors that may cause differential outcomes between varying brain regions, and outline clinically feasible intervention strategies that are expected to minimize negative consequences arising from fetal glucocorticoid overexposure. Finally, we highlight the need for experimental evidence aided by new technologies to clearly determine the effects of excessive prenatal glucocorticoid exposure. This review consolidates diverse findings to help researchers better understand the relationship between the prenatal glucocorticoid overexposure and the effects it has on various fetal brain regions, promoting further development of critical intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixiu Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Dos Santos AB, Larsen SD, Gomez CD, Sørensen JB, Perrier JF. Protocol for quantifying pyramidal neuron hyperexcitability in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental encephalopathy. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102954. [PMID: 38492227 PMCID: PMC10959716 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for quantifying pyramidal neuron hyperexcitability in a mouse model of STXBP1 neurodevelopmental encephalopathy (Stxbp1hap). We describe steps for preparing brain slices, positioning electrodes, and performing an excitability test to investigate microcircuit failures. This protocol is based on recording layer 2/3 cortical pyramidal neurons in response to stimulation of two independent sets of excitatory axons that recruit feedforward inhibition microcircuits. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Dos Santos et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altair Brito Dos Santos
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Silas Dalum Larsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Carlos Daniel Gomez
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jakob Balslev Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jean-François Perrier
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Campbell PW, Govindaiah G, Guido W. Development of reciprocal connections between the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and the thalamic reticular nucleus. Neural Dev 2024; 19:6. [PMID: 38890758 PMCID: PMC11184795 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-024-00183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) serves as an important node between the thalamus and neocortex, regulating thalamocortical rhythms and sensory processing in a state dependent manner. Disruptions in TRN circuitry also figures prominently in several neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy, autism, and attentional defects. An understanding of how and when connections between TRN and 1st order thalamic nuclei, such as the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), develop is lacking. We used the mouse visual thalamus as a model system to study the organization, pattern of innervation and functional responses between TRN and the dLGN. Genetically modified mouse lines were used to visualize and target the feedforward and feedback components of these intra-thalamic circuits and to understand how peripheral input from the retina impacts their development.Retrograde tracing of thalamocortical (TC) afferents through TRN revealed that the modality-specific organization seen in the adult, is present at perinatal ages and seems impervious to the loss of peripheral input. To examine the formation and functional maturation of intrathalamic circuits between the visual sector of TRN and dLGN, we examined when projections from each nuclei arrive, and used an acute thalamic slice preparation along with optogenetic stimulation to assess the maturation of functional synaptic responses. Although thalamocortical projections passed through TRN at birth, feedforward axon collaterals determined by vGluT2 labeling, emerged during the second postnatal week, increasing in density through the third week. Optogenetic stimulation of TC axon collaterals in TRN showed infrequent, weak excitatory responses near the end of week 1. During weeks 2-4, responses became more prevalent, grew larger in amplitude and exhibited synaptic depression during repetitive stimulation. Feedback projections from visual TRN to dLGN began to innervate dLGN as early as postnatal day 2 with weak inhibitory responses emerging during week 1. During week 2-4, inhibitory responses continued to grow larger, showing synaptic depression during repetitive stimulation. During this time TRN inhibition started to suppress TC spiking, having its greatest impact by week 4-6. Using a mutant mouse that lacks retinofugal projections revealed that the absence of retinal input led to an acceleration of TRN innervation of dLGN but had little impact on the development of feedforward projections from dLGN to TRN. Together, these experiments reveal how and when intrathalamic connections emerge during early postnatal ages and provide foundational knowledge to understand the development of thalamocortical network dynamics as well as neurodevelopmental diseases that involve TRN circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Campbell
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neurosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Gubbi Govindaiah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - William Guido
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Griffith EY, ElSayed M, Dura-Bernal S, Neymotin SA, Uhlrich DJ, Lytton WW, Zhu JJ. Mechanism of an Intrinsic Oscillation in Rat Geniculate Interneurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597830. [PMID: 38895250 PMCID: PMC11185623 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Depolarizing current injections produced a rhythmic bursting of action potentials - a bursting oscillation - in a set of local interneurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of rats. The current dynamics underlying this firing pattern have not been determined, though this cell type constitutes an important cellular component of thalamocortical circuitry, and contributes to both pathologic and non-pathologic brain states. We thus investigated the source of the bursting oscillation using pharmacological manipulations in LGN slices in vitro and in silico. 1. Selective blockade of calcium channel subtypes revealed that high-threshold calcium currentsI L andI P contributed strongly to the oscillation. 2. Increased extracellular K+ concentration (decreased K+currents) eliminated the oscillation. 3. Selective blockade of K+ channel subtypes demonstrated that the calcium-sensitive potassium current (I A H P ) was of primary importance. A morphologically simplified, multicompartment model of the thalamic interneuron characterized the oscillation as follows: 1. The low-threshold calcium currentI T provided the strong initial burst characteristic of the oscillation. 2. Alternating fluxes through high-threshold calcium channels andI A H P then provided the continuing oscillation's burst and interburst periods respectively. This interplay betweenI L andI A H P contrasts with the current dynamics underlying oscillations in thalamocortical and reticularis neurons, which primarily involveI T andI H , orI T andI A H P respectively. These findings thus point to a novel electrophysiological mechanism for generating intrinsic oscillations in a major thalamic cell type. Because local interneurons can sculpt the behavior of thalamocortical circuits, these results suggest new targets for the manipulation of ascending thalamocortical network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Y Griffith
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
| | - Mohamed ElSayed
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SUNY Downstate School of Graduate Studies, Brooklyn, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire Hospital, Concord, NH
| | - Salvador Dura-Bernal
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Samuel A Neymotin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel J Uhlrich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William W Lytton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
- Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - J Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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Leitch B. Parvalbumin Interneuron Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders: Focus on Epilepsy and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5549. [PMID: 38791587 PMCID: PMC11122153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parvalbumin expressing (PV+) GABAergic interneurons are fast spiking neurons that provide powerful but relatively short-lived inhibition to principal excitatory cells in the brain. They play a vital role in feedforward and feedback synaptic inhibition, preventing run away excitation in neural networks. Hence, their dysfunction can lead to hyperexcitability and increased susceptibility to seizures. PV+ interneurons are also key players in generating gamma oscillations, which are synchronized neural oscillations associated with various cognitive functions. PV+ interneuron are particularly vulnerable to aging and their degeneration has been associated with cognitive decline and memory impairment in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Overall, dysfunction of PV+ interneurons disrupts the normal excitatory/inhibitory balance within specific neurocircuits in the brain and thus has been linked to a wide range of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. This review focuses on the role of dysfunctional PV+ inhibitory interneurons in the generation of epileptic seizures and cognitive impairment and their potential as targets in the design of future therapeutic strategies to treat these disorders. Recent research using cutting-edge optogenetic and chemogenetic technologies has demonstrated that they can be selectively manipulated to control seizures and restore the balance of neural activity in the brains of animal models. This suggests that PV+ interneurons could be important targets in developing future treatments for patients with epilepsy and comorbid disorders, such as AD, where seizures and cognitive decline are directly linked to specific PV+ interneuron deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beulah Leitch
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Paz JT. Seizing the Future: Predicting Epilepsy After TBI. Epilepsy Curr 2024; 24:203-205. [PMID: 38898906 PMCID: PMC11185197 DOI: 10.1177/15357597241242241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
ECoG Spiking Activity and Signal Dimension Are Early Predictive Measures of Epileptogenesis in a Translational Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Di Sapia R, Rizzi M, Moro F, Lisi I, Caccamo A, Ravizza T, Vezzani A, Zanier ER. Neurobiol Dis . 2023;185:106251. PMID: 37536383 . doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106251 The latency between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the onset of epilepsy (PTE) represents an opportunity for counteracting epileptogenesis. Antiepileptogenesis trials are hampered by the lack of sensitive biomarkers that allow to enrich patient’s population at-risk for PTE. We aimed to assess whether specific ECoG signals predict PTE in a clinically relevant mouse model with ∼60% epilepsy incidence. TBI was provoked in adult CD1 male mice by controlled cortical impact on the left parieto-temporal cortex, then mice were implanted with two perilesional cortical screw electrodes and two similar electrodes in the hemisphere contralateral to the lesion site. Acute seizures and spikes/sharp waves were ECoG-recorded during 1 week post-TBI. These early ECoG events were analyzed according to PTE incidence as assessed by measuring spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) at 5 months post-TBI. We found that incidence, number and duration of acute seizures during 3 days post-TBI were similar in PTE mice and mice not developing epilepsy (No SRS mice). Control mice with cortical electrodes (naïve, n = 5) or with electrodes and craniotomy (sham, n = 5) exhibited acute seizures but did not develop epilepsy. The daily number of spikes/sharp waves at the perilesional electrodes was increased similarly in PTE (n = 15) and No SRS (n = 8) mice vs controls (p < 0.05, n = 10) from day 2 post-injury. Differently, the daily number of spikes/sharp waves at both contralateral electrodes showed a progressive increase in PTE mice vs No SRS and control mice. In particular, spikes number was higher in PTE vs No SRS mice (p < 0.05) at 6 and 7 days post-TBI, and this measure predicted epilepsy development with high accuracy (AUC = 0.77, p = 0.03; CI 0.5830-0.9670). The cut-off value was validated in an independent cohort of TBI mice (n = 12). The daily spike number at the contralateral electrodes showed a circadian distribution in PTE mice which was not observed in No SRS mice. Analysis of non-linear dynamics at each electrode site showed changes in dimensionality during 4 days post-TBI. This measure yielded the best discrimination between PTE and No SRS mice (p < 0.01) at the cortical electrodes contralateral to injury. Data show that epileptiform activity contralateral to the lesion site has the highest predictive value for PTE in this model reinforcing the hypothesis that the hemisphere contralateral to the lesion core may drive epileptogenic networks after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne T Paz
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, and Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
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12
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Han M, Wang Y, Jing L, Yang G, Liu Y, Mo F, Xu Z, Luo J, Jia Q, Zhu Y, Cao H, Cai X, Liu J. Utilizing GO/PEDOT:PSS/PtNPs-enhanced high-stability microelectrode arrays for investigating epilepsy-induced striatal electrophysiology alterations. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1376151. [PMID: 38633666 PMCID: PMC11022210 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1376151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The striatum plays a crucial role in studying epilepsy, as it is involved in seizure generation and modulation of brain activity. To explore the complex interplay between the striatum and epilepsy, we engineered advanced microelectrode arrays (MEAs) specifically designed for precise monitoring of striatal electrophysiological activities in rats. These observations were made during and following seizure induction, particularly three and 7 days post-initial modeling. The modification of graphene oxide (GO)/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/platinu-m nanoparticles (PtNPs) demonstrated a marked reduction in impedance (10.5 ± 1.1 kΩ), and maintained exceptional stability, with impedance levels remaining consistently low (23 kΩ) even 14 days post-implantation. As seizure intensity escalated, we observed a corresponding increase in neuronal firing rates and local field potential power, with a notable shift towards higher frequency peaks and augmented inter-channel correlation. Significantly, during the grand mal seizures, theta and alpha bands became the dominant frequencies in the local field potential. Compared to the normal group, the spike firing rates on day 3 and 7 post-modeling were significantly higher, accompanied by a decreased firing interval. Power in both delta and theta bands exhibited an increasing trend, correlating with the duration of epilepsy. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamic processes of striatal neural activity during the initial and latent phases of temporal lobe epilepsy and contribute to our understanding of the neural mechanisms underpinning epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luyi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gucheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianli Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxia Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juntao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Xiao W, Li P, Kong F, Kong J, Pan A, Long L, Yan X, Xiao B, Gong J, Wan L. Unraveling the Neural Circuits: Techniques, Opportunities and Challenges in Epilepsy Research. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:27. [PMID: 38443733 PMCID: PMC10914928 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, frequent recurrence, and potential drug resistance, profoundly affects millions of people globally. Understanding the microscopic mechanisms underlying seizures is crucial for effective epilepsy treatment, and a thorough understanding of the intricate neural circuits underlying epilepsy is vital for the development of targeted therapies and the enhancement of clinical outcomes. This review begins with an exploration of the historical evolution of techniques used in studying neural circuits related to epilepsy. It then provides an extensive overview of diverse techniques employed in this domain, discussing their fundamental principles, strengths, limitations, as well as their application. Additionally, the synthesis of multiple techniques to unveil the complexity of neural circuits is summarized. Finally, this review also presents targeted drug therapies associated with epileptic neural circuits. By providing a critical assessment of methodologies used in the study of epileptic neural circuits, this review seeks to enhance the understanding of these techniques, stimulate innovative approaches for unraveling epilepsy's complexities, and ultimately facilitate improved treatment and clinical translation for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Peile Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fujiao Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jingyi Kong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Aihua Pan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lili Long
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaoe Gong
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Lily Wan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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14
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Bröhl T, Rings T, Pukropski J, von Wrede R, Lehnertz K. The time-evolving epileptic brain network: concepts, definitions, accomplishments, perspectives. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 3:1338864. [PMID: 38293249 PMCID: PMC10825060 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1338864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is now considered a network disease that affects the brain across multiple levels of spatial and temporal scales. The paradigm shift from an epileptic focus-a discrete cortical area from which seizures originate-to a widespread epileptic network-spanning lobes and hemispheres-considerably advanced our understanding of epilepsy and continues to influence both research and clinical treatment of this multi-faceted high-impact neurological disorder. The epileptic network, however, is not static but evolves in time which requires novel approaches for an in-depth characterization. In this review, we discuss conceptual basics of network theory and critically examine state-of-the-art recording techniques and analysis tools used to assess and characterize a time-evolving human epileptic brain network. We give an account on current shortcomings and highlight potential developments towards an improved clinical management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Bröhl
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Rings
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Pukropski
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Randi von Wrede
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Lehnertz
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Systems, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Aupy J, Ribot B, Guehl D, Nguyen TH, Burbaud P. Selective striatal fast-spiking interneuron inhibition induces cortical seizure. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25270. [PMID: 38284843 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Whether striatal fast-spiking interneurons are involved in cortical synchronization remains elusive. We performed acute microinjections of a selective FSI-AMPA receptor antagonist into the sensorimotor striatum of non-human primates to verify whether selective FSI inhibition within the sensorimotor striatum could potentially modify cortical excitability, thereby triggering focal seizures. Experiments were performed on three fascicularis monkeys. During each experimental session, low volumes of IEM-1460 (4-8 μL) were injected slowly at 1 μL/min. Spontaneous behavioral changes were classified according to the Racine scale modified for primates. These induced motor behaviors were correlated with electroencephalographic (EEG and EMG) measures. Power spectrum and time-frequency analysis were performed and compared between each period of interest. Pharmacological selective inhibition of striatal fast-spiking INs induced focal motor seizures. Back averaging confirmed that myoclonic activity was closely linked to cortical spikes-and-waves epileptic activity, with a significant increase in cortical EEG power in all studied frequency bands (p < .0001). Thus, striatal FSIs likely play a role in controlling cortical excitability through the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical pathway. They may contribute to the pathophysiology of focal motor epilepsies by modulating the threshold at which focal motor seizures are triggered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Aupy
- CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bastien Ribot
- CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dominique Guehl
- CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tho-Haï Nguyen
- CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Burbaud
- CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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16
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Southwell DG. Interneuron Transplantation for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2024; 35:151-160. [PMID: 38000838 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Current epilepsy surgical techniques, such as brain resection, laser ablation, and neurostimulation, target seizure networks macroscopically, and they may yield an unfavorable balance between seizure reduction, procedural invasiveness, and neurologic morbidity. The transplantation of GABAergic interneurons is a regenerative technique for altering neural inhibition in cortical circuits, with potential as an alternative and minimally invasive approach to epilepsy treatment. This article (1) reviews some of the preclinical evidence supporting interneuron transplantation as an epilepsy therapy, (2) describes a first-in-human study of interneuron transplantation for epilepsy, and (3) considers knowledge gaps that stand before the effective clinical application of this novel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek G Southwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate Program in Neurobiology, Duke University, DUMC 3807, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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17
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Dos Santos AB, Larsen SD, Guo L, Barbagallo P, Montalant A, Verhage M, Sørensen JB, Perrier JF. Microcircuit failure in STXBP1 encephalopathy leads to hyperexcitability. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101308. [PMID: 38086378 PMCID: PMC10772346 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
De novo mutations in STXBP1 are among the most prevalent causes of neurodevelopmental disorders and lead to haploinsufficiency, cortical hyperexcitability, epilepsy, and other symptoms in people with mutations. Given that Munc18-1, the protein encoded by STXBP1, is essential for excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission, it is currently not understood why mutations cause hyperexcitability. We find that overall inhibition in canonical feedforward microcircuits is defective in a P15-22 mouse model for Stxbp1 haploinsufficiency. Unexpectedly, we find that inhibitory synapses formed by parvalbumin-positive interneurons were largely unaffected. Instead, excitatory synapses fail to recruit inhibitory interneurons. Modeling confirms that defects in the recruitment of inhibitory neurons cause hyperexcitation. CX516, an ampakine that enhances excitatory synapses, restores interneuron recruitment and prevents hyperexcitability. These findings establish deficits in excitatory synapses in microcircuits as a key underlying mechanism for cortical hyperexcitability in a mouse model of Stxbp1 disorder and identify compounds enhancing excitation as a direction for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altair Brito Dos Santos
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Silas Dalum Larsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Liangchen Guo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Paola Barbagallo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Alexia Montalant
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jakob Balslev Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jean-François Perrier
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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18
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Agopyan-Miu AH, Merricks EM, Smith EH, McKhann GM, Sheth SA, Feldstein NA, Trevelyan AJ, Schevon CA. Cell-type specific and multiscale dynamics of human focal seizures in limbic structures. Brain 2023; 146:5209-5223. [PMID: 37536281 PMCID: PMC10689922 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between clinically accessible epileptic biomarkers and neuronal activity underlying the transition to seizure is complex, potentially leading to imprecise delineation of epileptogenic brain areas. In particular, the pattern of interneuronal firing at seizure onset remains under debate, with some studies demonstrating increased firing and others suggesting reductions. Previous study of neocortical sites suggests that seizure recruitment occurs upon failure of inhibition, with intact feedforward inhibition in non-recruited territories. We investigated whether the same principle applies in limbic structures. We analysed simultaneous electrocorticography (ECoG) and neuronal recordings of 34 seizures in a cohort of 19 patients (10 male, 9 female) undergoing surgical evaluation for pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. A clustering approach with five quantitative metrics computed from ECoG and multiunit data was used to distinguish three types of site-specific activity patterns during seizures, which at times co-existed within seizures. Overall, 156 single units were isolated, subclassified by cell-type and tracked through the seizure using our previously published methods to account for impacts of increased noise and single-unit waveshape changes caused by seizures. One cluster was closely associated with clinically defined seizure onset or spread. Entrainment of high-gamma activity to low-frequency ictal rhythms was the only metric that reliably identified this cluster at the level of individual seizures (P < 0.001). A second cluster demonstrated multi-unit characteristics resembling those in the first cluster, without concomitant high-gamma entrainment, suggesting feedforward effects from the seizure. The last cluster captured regions apparently unaffected by the ongoing seizure. Across all territories, the majority of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons reduced (69.2%) or ceased firing (21.8%). Transient increases in interneuronal firing rates were rare (13.5%) but showed evidence of intact feedforward inhibition, with maximal firing rate increases and waveshape deformations in territories not fully recruited but showing feedforward activity from the seizure, and a shift to burst-firing in seizure-recruited territories (P = 0.014). This study provides evidence for entrained high-gamma activity as an accurate biomarker of ictal recruitment in limbic structures. However, reduced neuronal firing suggested preserved inhibition in mesial temporal structures despite simultaneous indicators of seizure recruitment, in contrast to the inhibitory collapse scenario documented in neocortex. Further study is needed to determine if this activity is ubiquitous to hippocampal seizures or indicates a 'seizure-responsive' state in which the hippocampus is not the primary driver. If the latter, distinguishing such cases may help to refine the surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Agopyan-Miu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
| | - Edward M Merricks
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elliot H Smith
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Guy M McKhann
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sameer A Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Neil A Feldstein
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew J Trevelyan
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Catherine A Schevon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
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19
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Wenzel M, Huberfeld G, Grayden DB, de Curtis M, Trevelyan AJ. A debate on the neuronal origin of focal seizures. Epilepsia 2023; 64 Suppl 3:S37-S48. [PMID: 37183507 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A critical question regarding how focal seizures start is whether we can identify particular cell classes that drive the pathological process. This was the topic for debate at the recent International Conference for Technology and Analysis of Seizures (ICTALS) meeting (July 2022, Bern, CH) that we summarize here. The debate has been fueled in recent times by the introduction of powerful new ways to manipulate subpopulations of cells in relative isolation, mostly using optogenetics. The motivation for resolving the debate is to identify novel targets for therapeutic interventions through a deeper understanding of the etiology of seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wenzel
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gilles Huberfeld
- Neurology Department, Hopital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - David B Grayden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marco de Curtis
- Epilepsy Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S., Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew J Trevelyan
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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20
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Zhang YJ, Kong XM, Lv JJ, Yang CH, Li XY, Yang XT, Guo ZL, Cheng ZH. Analysis of the global burden of disease study highlights the global, regional, and national trends of idiopathic epilepsy epidemiology from 1990 to 2019. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102522. [PMID: 38116287 PMCID: PMC10728447 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a profound disorder, accounting for roughly 1% of the global disease burden. It can result in premature death and significant disability. To comprehensively understand the current dynamics and trends of idiopathic epilepsy, a deep insight into its epidemiological attributes is vital. We evaluated the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years associated with idiopathic epilepsy from 1990 to 2019 using data and methodologies from the Global Burden of Disease Study. In 2019, there were approximately 2,898,222 individuals diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy. Intriguingly, from 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate of idiopathic epilepsy was consistently lower in women compared to men. Over these three decades, global mortality connected to idiopathic epilepsy increased by 13.95%. However, within the same period, age-standardized death rates for idiopathic epilepsy decreased from 1.94 per 100,000 population to 1.46 per 100,000 population. Predictions indicate an increase in the incidence of idiopathic epilepsy across all age brackets through 2035, especially among the elderly aged 80 and above. Mortality rates are projected to climb for those aged 80 and above while remaining relatively unchanged in other age demographics. Idiopathic epilepsy continues to be a significant contributor to both disability and death. The findings of our study underscore the critical importance of incorporating idiopathic epilepsy management into modern healthcare frameworks. Such strategic inclusion can enhance public awareness of relevant risk factors and the range of available therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiang-meng Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jia-jie Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cheng-Hao Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin-yu Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xi-tao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhi-lin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhi-hua Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
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21
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Shoob S, Buchbinder N, Shinikamin O, Gold O, Baeloha H, Langberg T, Zarhin D, Shapira I, Braun G, Habib N, Slutsky I. Deep brain stimulation of thalamic nucleus reuniens promotes neuronal and cognitive resilience in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7002. [PMID: 37919286 PMCID: PMC10622498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that confer cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are not fully understood. Here, we describe a neural circuit mechanism underlying this resilience in a familial AD mouse model. In the prodromal disease stage, interictal epileptiform spikes (IESs) emerge during anesthesia in the CA1 and mPFC regions, leading to working memory disruptions. These IESs are driven by inputs from the thalamic nucleus reuniens (nRE). Indeed, tonic deep brain stimulation of the nRE (tDBS-nRE) effectively suppresses IESs and restores firing rate homeostasis under anesthesia, preventing further impairments in nRE-CA1 synaptic facilitation and working memory. Notably, applying tDBS-nRE during the prodromal phase in young APP/PS1 mice mitigates age-dependent memory decline. The IES rate during anesthesia in young APP/PS1 mice correlates with later working memory impairments. These findings highlight the nRE as a central hub of functional resilience and underscore the clinical promise of DBS in conferring resilience to AD pathology by restoring circuit-level homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Shoob
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadav Buchbinder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ortal Shinikamin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Or Gold
- Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Halit Baeloha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Langberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Zarhin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilana Shapira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabriella Braun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Habib
- Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inna Slutsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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García-Peña P, Ramos M, López JM, Martinez-Murillo R, de Arcas G, Gonzalez-Nieto D. Preclinical examination of early-onset thalamic-cortical seizures after hemispheric stroke. Epilepsia 2023; 64:2499-2514. [PMID: 37277947 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide and currently has limited treatment options. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are significantly affected in stroke patients during the acute stage. In this study, we preclinically characterized the brain electrical rhythms and seizure activity during the hyperacute and late acute phases in a hemispheric stroke model with no reperfusion. METHODS EEG signals and seizures were studied in a model of hemispheric infarction induced by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (pMCAO), which mimics the clinical condition of stroke patients with permanent ischemia. Electrical brain activity was also examined using a photothrombotic (PT) stroke model. In the PT model, we induced a similar (PT group-1) or smaller (PT group-2) cortical lesion than in the pMCAO model. For all models, we used a nonconsanguineous mouse strain that mimics human diversity and genetic variation. RESULTS The pMCAO hemispheric stroke model exhibited thalamic-origin nonconvulsive seizures during the hyperacute stage that propagated to the thalamus and cortex. The seizures were also accompanied by progressive slowing of the EEG signal during the acute phase, with elevated delta/theta, delta/alpha, and delta/beta ratios. Cortical seizures were also confirmed in the PT stroke model of similar lesions as in the pMCAO model, but not in the PT model of smaller injuries. SIGNIFICANCE In the clinically relevant pMCAO model, poststroke seizures and EEG abnormalities were inferred from recordings of the contralateral hemisphere (noninfarcted hemisphere), emphasizing the reciprocity of interhemispheric connections and that injuries affecting one hemisphere had consequences for the other. Our results recapitulate many of the EEG signal hallmarks seen in stroke patients, thereby validating this specific mouse model for the examination of the mechanistic aspects of brain function and for the exploration of the reversion or suppression of EEG abnormalities in response to neuroprotective and anti-epileptic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo García-Peña
- Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Ramos
- Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M López
- Instrumentation and Applied Acoustics Research Group (I2A2), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo de Arcas
- Instrumentation and Applied Acoustics Research Group (I2A2), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Neuroacústica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Nieto
- Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Al-Hussaini I, Mitchell CS. SeizFt: Interpretable Machine Learning for Seizure Detection Using Wearables. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:918. [PMID: 37627803 PMCID: PMC10451805 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents SeizFt-a novel seizure detection framework that utilizes machine learning to automatically detect seizures using wearable SensorDot EEG data. Inspired by interpretable sleep staging, our novel approach employs a unique combination of data augmentation, meaningful feature extraction, and an ensemble of decision trees to improve resilience to variations in EEG and to increase the capacity to generalize to unseen data. Fourier Transform (FT) Surrogates were utilized to increase sample size and improve the class balance between labeled non-seizure and seizure epochs. To enhance model stability and accuracy, SeizFt utilizes an ensemble of decision trees through the CatBoost classifier to classify each second of EEG recording as seizure or non-seizure. The SeizIt1 dataset was used for training, and the SeizIt2 dataset for validation and testing. Model performance for seizure detection was evaluated using two primary metrics: sensitivity using the any-overlap method (OVLP) and False Alarm (FA) rate using epoch-based scoring (EPOCH). Notably, SeizFt placed first among an array of state-of-the-art seizure detection algorithms as part of the Seizure Detection Grand Challenge at the 2023 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP). SeizFt outperformed state-of-the-art black-box models in accurate seizure detection and minimized false alarms, obtaining a total score of 40.15, combining OVLP and EPOCH across two tasks and representing an improvement of ~30% from the next best approach. The interpretability of SeizFt is a key advantage, as it fosters trust and accountability among healthcare professionals. The most predictive seizure detection features extracted from SeizFt were: delta wave, interquartile range, standard deviation, total absolute power, theta wave, the ratio of delta to theta, binned entropy, Hjorth complexity, delta + theta, and Higuchi fractal dimension. In conclusion, the successful application of SeizFt to wearable SensorDot data suggests its potential for real-time, continuous monitoring to improve personalized medicine for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Al-Hussaini
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Cassie S. Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Machine Learning Center at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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24
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Zhao J, Yu Y, Han F, Wang Q. Regulating epileptiform discharges by heterogeneous interneurons in thalamocortical model. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2023; 33:083128. [PMID: 37561121 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory interneurons in the cortex are abundant and have diverse roles, classified as parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) according to chemically defined categories. Currently, their involvement with seizures has been partially uncovered in physiological terms. Here, we propose a corticothalamic model containing heterogeneous interneurons to study the effects of various interneurons on absence seizure dynamics by means of optogenetic stimulation. First, the important role of feedforward inhibition caused by SRN→PV→PN projections on seizures is verified. Then, we demonstrate that light activation targeting either PV or SOM INs can control seizures. Finally, with different inhibition contributions from PV INs and SOM INs, the possible disinhibitory effect of blue light acting on VIP INs is mainly discussed. The results suggest that depending on the inhibition degree of both types, the disinhibition brought about by the VIP INs will trigger seizures, will control seizures, and will not work or cause the PNs to tend toward a high saturation state with high excitability. The circuit mechanism and the related bifurcation characteristics in various cases are emphatically revealed. In the model presented, in addition to Hopf and saddle-node bifurcations, the system may also undergo period-doubling and torus bifurcations under stimulus action, with more complex dynamics. Our work may provide a theoretical basis for understanding and further exploring the role of heterogeneous interneurons, in particular, the VIP INs, a novel target, in absence seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhao
- Department of Dynamics and Control, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang Han
- College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qingyun Wang
- Department of Dynamics and Control, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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25
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Adhikari Y, Ma CG, Chai Z, Jin X. Preventing development of post-stroke hyperexcitability by optogenetic or pharmacological stimulation of cortical excitatory activity. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 184:106233. [PMID: 37468047 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy, but treatment for preventing the development of post-stroke epilepsy is still unavailable. Since stroke results in neuronal damage and death as well as initial loss of activity in the affected brain region, homeostatic plasticity may be trigged and contribute to an increase in network hyperexcitability that underlies epileptogenesis. Correspondingly, enhancing brain activity may inhibit hyperexcitability from enhanced homeostatic plasticity and prevent post-stroke epileptogenesis. To test these hypotheses, we first used in vivo two-photon and mesoscopic imaging of activity of cortical pyramidal neurons in Thy1-GCaMP6 transgenic mice to determine longitudinal changes in excitatory activity after a photothrombotic ischemic stroke. At 3-days post-stroke, there was a significant loss of neuronal activity in the peri-injury area as indicated by reductions in the frequency of calcium spikes and percentage of active neurons, which recovered to baseline level at day 7, supporting a homeostatic activity regulation of the surviving neurons in the peri-injury area. We further used optogenetic stimulation to specifically stimulate activity of pyramidal neurons in the peri-injury area of Thy-1 channelrhodopsin transgenic mice from day 5 to day 15 after stroke. Using pentylenetetrazole test to evaluate seizure susceptibility, we showed that stroke mice are more susceptible to Racine stage V seizures (time latency 54.3 ± 12.9 min) compared to sham mice (107.1 ± 13.6 min), but optogenetic stimulation reversed the increase in seizure susceptibility (114.0 ± 9.2 min) in mice with stroke. Similarly, administration of D-cycloserine, a partial N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist that can mildly enhance neuronal activity without causing post-stroke seizure, from day 5 to day 15 after a stroke significantly reversed the increase in seizure susceptibility. The treatment also resulted in an increased survival of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) positive interneurons and a reduced activation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive reactive astrocytes. Thus, this study supports the involvement of homeostatic activity regulation in the development of post-stroke hyperexcitability and potential application of activity enhancement as a novel strategy to prevent post-stroke late-onset seizure and epilepsy through regulating cortical homeostatic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadav Adhikari
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation/Neurobiology Research Center, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhi Chai
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation/Neurobiology Research Center, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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26
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Lindquist BE, Timbie C, Voskobiynyk Y, Paz JT. Thalamocortical circuits in generalized epilepsy: Pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106094. [PMID: 36990364 PMCID: PMC10192143 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized epilepsy affects 24 million people globally; at least 25% of cases remain medically refractory. The thalamus, with widespread connections throughout the brain, plays a critical role in generalized epilepsy. The intrinsic properties of thalamic neurons and the synaptic connections between populations of neurons in the nucleus reticularis thalami and thalamocortical relay nuclei help generate different firing patterns that influence brain states. In particular, transitions from tonic firing to highly synchronized burst firing mode in thalamic neurons can cause seizures that rapidly generalize and cause altered awareness and unconsciousness. Here, we review the most recent advances in our understanding of how thalamic activity is regulated and discuss the gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of generalized epilepsy syndromes. Elucidating the role of the thalamus in generalized epilepsy syndromes may lead to new opportunities to better treat pharmaco-resistant generalized epilepsy by thalamic modulation and dietary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta E Lindquist
- UCSF Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Epilepsy, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, United States of America
| | - Clare Timbie
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Epilepsy, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, United States of America
| | - Yuliya Voskobiynyk
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, United States of America
| | - Jeanne T Paz
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, United States of America; UCSF Department of Neurology, United States of America; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, United States of America.
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27
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Giampiccolo D, Binding LP, Caciagli L, Rodionov R, Foulon C, de Tisi J, Granados A, Finn R, Dasgupta D, Xiao F, Diehl B, Torzillo E, Van Dijk J, Taylor PN, Koepp M, McEvoy AW, Baxendale S, Chowdhury F, Duncan JS, Miserocchi A. Thalamostriatal disconnection underpins long-term seizure freedom in frontal lobe epilepsy surgery. Brain 2023; 146:2377-2388. [PMID: 37062539 PMCID: PMC10232243 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 50% of patients undergoing frontal lobe surgery for focal drug-resistant epilepsy become seizure free post-operatively; however, only about 30% of patients remain seizure free in the long-term. Early seizure recurrence is likely to be caused by partial resection of the epileptogenic lesion, whilst delayed seizure recurrence can occur even if the epileptogenic lesion has been completely excised. This suggests a coexistent epileptogenic network facilitating ictogenesis in close or distant dormant epileptic foci. As thalamic and striatal dysregulation can support epileptogenesis and disconnection of cortico-thalamostriatal pathways through hemispherotomy or neuromodulation can improve seizure outcome regardless of focality, we hypothesize that projections from the striatum and the thalamus to the cortex may contribute to this common epileptogenic network. To this end, we retrospectively reviewed a series of 47 consecutive individuals who underwent surgery for drug-resistant frontal lobe epilepsy. We performed voxel-based and tractography disconnectome analyses to investigate shared patterns of disconnection associated with long-term seizure freedom. Seizure freedom after 3 and 5 years was independently associated with disconnection of the anterior thalamic radiation and anterior cortico-striatal projections. This was also confirmed in a subgroup of 29 patients with complete resections, suggesting these pathways may play a critical role in supporting the development of novel epileptic networks. Our study indicates that network dysfunction in frontal lobe epilepsy may extend beyond the resection and putative epileptogenic zone. This may be critical in the pathogenesis of delayed seizure recurrence as thalamic and striatal networks may promote epileptogenesis and disconnection may underpin long-term seizure freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Giampiccolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic London, London SW1X 7HY, UK
| | - Lawrence P Binding
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Computer Science, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Lorenzo Caciagli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Roman Rodionov
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Chris Foulon
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jane de Tisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alejandro Granados
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Roisin Finn
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Debayan Dasgupta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Fenglai Xiao
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Beate Diehl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emma Torzillo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jan Van Dijk
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Peter N Taylor
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Matthias Koepp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrew W McEvoy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic London, London SW1X 7HY, UK
| | - Sallie Baxendale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Fahmida Chowdhury
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John S Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anna Miserocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic London, London SW1X 7HY, UK
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28
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Cota VR, Cançado SAV, Moraes MFD. On temporal scale-free non-periodic stimulation and its mechanisms as an infinite improbability drive of the brain's functional connectogram. Front Neuroinform 2023; 17:1173597. [PMID: 37293579 PMCID: PMC10244597 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1173597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationalized development of electrical stimulation (ES) therapy is of paramount importance. Not only it will foster new techniques and technologies with increased levels of safety, efficacy, and efficiency, but it will also facilitate the translation from basic research to clinical practice. For such endeavor, design of new technologies must dialogue with state-of-the-art neuroscientific knowledge. By its turn, neuroscience is transitioning-a movement started a couple of decades earlier-into adopting a new conceptual framework for brain architecture, in which time and thus temporal patterns plays a central role in the neuronal representation of sampled data from the world. This article discusses how neuroscience has evolved to understand the importance of brain rhythms in the overall functional architecture of the nervous system and, consequently, that neuromodulation research should embrace this new conceptual framework. Based on such support, we revisit the literature on standard (fixed-frequency pulsatile stimuli) and mostly non-standard patterns of ES to put forward our own rationale on how temporally complex stimulation schemes may impact neuromodulation strategies. We then proceed to present a low frequency, on average (thus low energy), scale-free temporally randomized ES pattern for the treatment of experimental epilepsy, devised by our group and termed NPS (Non-periodic Stimulation). The approach has been shown to have robust anticonvulsant effects in different animal models of acute and chronic seizures (displaying dysfunctional hyperexcitable tissue), while also preserving neural function. In our understanding, accumulated mechanistic evidence suggests such a beneficial mechanism of action may be due to the natural-like characteristic of a scale-free temporal pattern that may robustly compete with aberrant epileptiform activity for the recruitment of neural circuits. Delivering temporally patterned or random stimuli within specific phases of the underlying oscillations (i.e., those involved in the communication within and across brain regions) could both potentiate and disrupt the formation of neuronal assemblies with random probability. The usage of infinite improbability drive here is obviously a reference to the "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" comedy science fiction classic, written by Douglas Adams. The parallel is that dynamically driving brain functional connectogram, through neuromodulation, in a manner that would not favor any specific neuronal assembly and/or circuit, could re-stabilize a system that is transitioning to fall under the control of a single attractor. We conclude by discussing future avenues of investigation and their potentially disruptive impact on neurotechnology, with a particular interest in NPS implications in neural plasticity, motor rehabilitation, and its potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Rosa Cota
- Rehab Technologies - INAIL Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroengineering and Neuroscience, Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of São João del-Rei, São João del Rei, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Augusto Vieira Cançado
- Núcleo Avançado de Tratamento das Epilepsias (NATE), Felício Rocho Hospital, Fundação Felice Rosso, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Núcleo de Neurociências, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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29
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Nwosu GI, Shen W, Zavalin K, Poliquin S, Randhave K, Flamm C, Biven M, Langer K, Kang JQ. GABA A Receptor β3 Subunit Mutation N328D Heterozygous Knock-in Mice Have Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8458. [PMID: 37176165 PMCID: PMC10179596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) characterized by multiple seizure types, electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns, and cognitive decline. Its etiology has a prominent genetic component, including variants in GABRB3 that encodes the GABAA receptor (GABAAR) β3 subunit. LGS has an unknown pathophysiology, and few animal models are available for studying LGS. The objective of this study was to evaluate Gabrb3+/N328D knock-in mice as a model for LGS. We generated a heterozygous knock-in mouse expressing Gabrb3 (c.A982G, p.N238D), a de novo mutation identified in a patient with LGS. We investigated Gabrb3+/N328D mice for features of LGS. In 2-4-month-old male and female C57BL/J6 wild-type and Gabrb3+/N328D mice, we investigated seizure severity using video-monitored EEG, cognitive impairment using a suite of behavioral tests, and profiled GABAAR subunit expression by Western blot. Gabrb3+/N328D mice showed spontaneous seizures and signs of cognitive impairment, including deficits in spatial learning, memory, and locomotion. Moreover, Gabrb3+/N328D mice showed reduced β3 subunit expression in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and thalamus. This phenotype of epilepsy and neurological impairment resembles the LGS patient phenotype. We conclude that Gabrb3+/N328D mice provide a good model for investigating the pathophysiology and therapeutic intervention of LGS and DEEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Ikemefuna Nwosu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Wangzhen Shen
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kirill Zavalin
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sarah Poliquin
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Karishma Randhave
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carson Flamm
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Marshall Biven
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Katherine Langer
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jing-Qiong Kang
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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30
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Xue T, Wang S, Chen S, Wang H, Liu C, Shi L, Bai Y, Zhang C, Han C, Zhang J. Subthalamic nucleus stimulation attenuates motor seizures via modulating the nigral orexin pathway. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1157060. [PMID: 37214393 PMCID: PMC10196042 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1157060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Focal motor seizures that originate in the motor region are a considerable challenge because of the high risk of permanent motor deficits after resection. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is a potential treatment for motor epilepsy that may enhance the antiepileptic actions of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Orexin and its receptors have a relationship with both STN-DBS and epilepsy. We aimed to investigate whether and how STN inputs to the SNr regulate seizures and the role of the orexin pathway in this process. Methods A penicillin-induced motor epileptic model in adult male C57BL/6 J mice was established to evaluate the efficacy of STN-DBS in modulating seizure activities. Optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches were employed to regulate STN-SNr circuits. Selective orexin receptor type 1 and 2 antagonists were used to inhibit the orexin pathway. Results First, we found that high-frequency ipsilateral or bilateral STN-DBS was effective in reducing seizure activity in the penicillin-induced motor epilepsy model. Second, inhibition of STN excitatory neurons and STN-SNr projections alleviates seizure activities, whereas their activation amplifies seizure activities. In addition, activation of the STN-SNr circuits also reversed the protective effect of STN-DBS on motor epilepsy. Finally, we observed that STN-DBS reduced the elevated expression of orexin and its receptors in the SNr during seizures and that using a combination of selective orexin receptor antagonists also reduced seizure activity. Conclusion STN-DBS helps reduce motor seizure activity by inhibiting the STN-SNr circuit. Additionally, orexin receptor antagonists show potential in suppressing motor seizure activity and may be a promising therapeutic option in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunkui Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Rosenberg EC, Chamberland S, Bazelot M, Nebet ER, Wang X, McKenzie S, Jain S, Greenhill S, Wilson M, Marley N, Salah A, Bailey S, Patra PH, Rose R, Chenouard N, Sun SED, Jones D, Buzsáki G, Devinsky O, Woodhall G, Scharfman HE, Whalley BJ, Tsien RW. Cannabidiol modulates excitatory-inhibitory ratio to counter hippocampal hyperactivity. Neuron 2023; 111:1282-1300.e8. [PMID: 36787750 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-euphoric component of cannabis, reduces seizures in multiple forms of pediatric epilepsies, but the mechanism(s) of anti-seizure action remain unclear. In one leading model, CBD acts at glutamatergic axon terminals, blocking the pro-excitatory actions of an endogenous membrane phospholipid, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), at the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR55. However, the impact of LPI-GPR55 signaling at inhibitory synapses and in epileptogenesis remains underexplored. We found that LPI transiently increased hippocampal CA3-CA1 excitatory presynaptic release probability and evoked synaptic strength in WT mice, while attenuating inhibitory postsynaptic strength by decreasing GABAARγ2 and gephyrin puncta. LPI effects at excitatory and inhibitory synapses were eliminated by CBD pre-treatment and absent after GPR55 deletion. Acute pentylenetrazole-induced seizures elevated GPR55 and LPI levels, and chronic lithium-pilocarpine-induced epileptogenesis potentiated LPI's pro-excitatory effects. We propose that CBD exerts potential anti-seizure effects by blocking LPI's synaptic effects and dampening hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C Rosenberg
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Simon Chamberland
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Bazelot
- School of Chemistry, Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Hopkins Life Science Building, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AP, UK; GW Research Ltd, Histon, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erica R Nebet
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sam McKenzie
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Swati Jain
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Bldg. 35, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Stuart Greenhill
- Aston Neuroscience Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Max Wilson
- Aston Neuroscience Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicole Marley
- Aston Neuroscience Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alejandro Salah
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shanice Bailey
- School of Chemistry, Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Hopkins Life Science Building, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Pabitra Hriday Patra
- School of Chemistry, Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Hopkins Life Science Building, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Rebecca Rose
- Department of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nicolas Chenouard
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Simón E D Sun
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Drew Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gavin Woodhall
- Aston Neuroscience Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Bldg. 35, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Benjamin J Whalley
- School of Chemistry, Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Hopkins Life Science Building, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AP, UK; GW Research Ltd, Histon, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard W Tsien
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 435 E 30th St, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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32
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Gawande DY, Shelkar GP, Narasimhan KKS, Liu J, Dravid SM. GluN2D subunit-containing NMDA receptors regulate reticular thalamic neuron function and seizure susceptibility. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106117. [PMID: 37031803 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Thalamic regulation of cortical function is important for several behavioral aspects including attention and sensorimotor control. This region has also been studied for its involvement in seizure activity. Among the NMDA receptor subunits GluN2C and GluN2D are particularly enriched in several thalamic nuclei including nucleus reticularis of the thalamus (nRT). We have previously found that GluN2C deletion does not have a strong influence on the basal excitability and burst firing characteristics of reticular thalamus neurons. Here we find that GluN2D ablation leads to reduced depolarization-induced spike frequency and reduced hyperpolarization-induced rebound burst firing in nRT neurons. Furthermore, reduced inhibitory neurotransmission was observed in the ventrobasal thalamus (VB). A model with preferential downregulation of GluN2D from parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons was generated. Conditional deletion of GluN2D from PV neurons led to a decrease in excitability and burst firing. In addition, reduced excitability and burst firing was observed in the VB neurons together with reduced inhibitory neurotransmission. Finally, young mice with GluN2D downregulation in PV neurons showed significant resistance to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure and differences in sensitivity to isoflurane anesthesia but were normal in other behaviors. Conditional deletion of GluN2D from PV neurons also affected expression of other GluN2 subunits and GABA receptor in the nRT. Together, these results identify a unique role of GluN2D-containing receptors in the regulation of thalamic circuitry and seizure susceptibility which is relevant to mutations in GRIN2D gene found to be associated with pediatric epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Y Gawande
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Gajanan P Shelkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Kishore Kumar S Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Jinxu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Shashank M Dravid
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Elmer J, Kurz MC, Coppler PJ, Steinberg A, DeMasi S, De-Arteaga M, Simon N, Zadorozny VI, Flickinger KL, Callaway CW. Time to Awakening and Self-Fulfilling Prophecies After Cardiac Arrest. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:503-512. [PMID: 36752628 PMCID: PMC10023349 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies for perceived poor neurologic prognosis (WLST-N) is common after resuscitation from cardiac arrest and may bias outcome estimates from models trained using observational data. We compared several approaches to outcome prediction with the goal of identifying strategies to quantify and reduce this bias. DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING Two academic medical centers ("UPMC" and "University of Alabama Birmingham" [UAB]). PATIENTS Comatose adults resuscitated from cardiac arrest. INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS As potential predictors, we considered clinical, laboratory, imaging, and quantitative electroencephalography data available early after hospital arrival. We followed patients until death, discharge, or awakening from coma. We used penalized Cox regression with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalty and five-fold cross-validation to predict time to awakening in UPMC patients and then externally validated the model in UAB patients. This model censored patients after WLST-N, considering subsequent potential for awakening to be unknown. Next, we developed a penalized logistic model predicting awakening, which treated failure to awaken after WLST-N as a true observed outcome, and a separate logistic model predicting WLST-N. We scaled and centered individual patients' Cox and logistic predictions for awakening to allow direct comparison and then explored the difference in predictions across probabilities of WLST-N. Overall, 1,254 patients were included, and 29% awakened. Cox models performed well (mean area under the curve was 0.93 in the UPMC test sets and 0.83 in external validation). Logistic predictions of awakening were systematically more pessimistic than Cox-based predictions for patients at higher risk of WLST-N, suggesting potential for self-fulfilling prophecies to arise when failure to awaken after WLST-N is considered as the ground truth outcome. CONCLUSIONS Compared with traditional binary outcome prediction, censoring outcomes after WLST-N may reduce potential for bias and self-fulfilling prophecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Elmer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Michael C. Kurz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama-Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
- Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama-Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
| | - Patrick J Coppler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Alexis Steinberg
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Stephanie DeMasi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Comonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Maria De-Arteaga
- Information, Risk and Operations Management Department, McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Noah Simon
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | - Katharyn L. Flickinger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Clifton W Callaway
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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34
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Brain structural changes in preschool children with MRI-negative epilepsy. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:945-959. [PMID: 36869933 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate abnormalities in cortical and subcortical structures of the brain in preschool children with MRI-negative epilepsy. METHODS Cortical thickness, cortical mean curvature, cortical surface area, cortical volume, and volumes of subcortical structures were measured using Freesurfer software in preschool children with epilepsy and age-matched controls. RESULTS Findings showed cortical thickening in the left fusiform gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right suborbital sulcus, and right gyrus rectus, and cortical thinning mainly in the parietal lobe of preschool children with epilepsy compared to controls. The difference in cortical thickness in the left superior parietal lobule remained after correction for multiple comparisons and was negatively correlated with duration of epilepsy. Cortical mean curvature, surface area, and volume were mainly altered in the frontal and temporal lobes. Changes in mean curvature in the right pericallosal sulcus were positively correlated with age at seizure onset, and changes in mean curvature in the left intraparietal sulcus and transverse parietal sulcus were positively correlated with frequency of seizures. There were no significant differences in the volumes of the subcortical structures. CONCLUSION Changes in preschool children with epilepsy occur in the cortical rather than subcortical structures of the brain. These findings further our understanding of the effects of epilepsy in preschool children and will inform management of epilepsy in this patient population.
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35
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Lehnertz K, Bröhl T, Wrede RV. Epileptic-network-based prediction and control of seizures in humans. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106098. [PMID: 36997129 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is now conceptualized as a network disease. The epileptic brain network comprises structurally and functionally connected cortical and subcortical brain regions - spanning lobes and hemispheres -, whose connections and dynamics evolve in time. With this concept, focal and generalized seizures as well as other related pathophysiological phenomena are thought to emerge from, spread via, and be terminated by network vertices and edges that also generate and sustain normal, physiological brain dynamics. Research over the last years has advanced concepts and techniques to identify and characterize the evolving epileptic brain network and its constituents on various spatial and temporal scales. Network-based approaches further our understanding of how seizures emerge from the evolving epileptic brain network, and they provide both novel insights into pre-seizure dynamics and important clues for success or failure of measures for network-based seizure control and prevention. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge and address several important challenges that would need to be addressed to move network-based prediction and control of seizures closer to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Lehnertz
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Systems, University of Bonn, Brühler Straße 7, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Timo Bröhl
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Radiation and Nuclear Physics, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Randi von Wrede
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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36
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O’Donnell CM, Swanson SJ, Carlson CE, Raghavan M, Pahapill PA, Anderson CT. Responsive Neurostimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nuclei in Refractory Genetic Generalized Epilepsy: A Case Series. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020324. [PMID: 36831867 PMCID: PMC9954640 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) are thought to represent disorders of thalamocortical networks. There are currently no well-established non-pharmacologic treatment options for patients with drug-resistant GGE. NeuroPace's Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) System was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat focal seizures with up to two ictal foci. We report on three adults with drug-resistant GGE who were treated with thalamic RNS. Given the severity of their epilepsies and the potential ictogenic role of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of GGE, the RNS System was palliatively implanted with leads in the bilateral anterior thalamic nuclei (ANT) of these patients. The ANT was selected because it was demonstrated to be a safe target. We retrospectively evaluated metrics including seizure frequency over 18-32 months. One patient required explantation due to infection. The other two patients were clinical responders. By the end of the observation period reported here, one patient was seizure-free for over 9 months. All three self-reported an improved quality of life. The clinical response observed in these patients provides 'proof-of-principle' that GGE may be treatable with responsive thalamic stimulation. Our results support proceeding to a larger study investigating the efficacy and safety of thalamic RNS in drug-resistant GGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M. O’Donnell
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara J. Swanson
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Chad E. Carlson
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Manoj Raghavan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Peter A. Pahapill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Christopher Todd Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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37
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Zheng B, Liu DD, Theyel BB, Abdulrazeq H, Kimata AR, Lauro PM, Asaad WF. Thalamic neuromodulation in epilepsy: A primer for emerging circuit-based therapies. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:123-140. [PMID: 36731858 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2176752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epilepsy is a common, often debilitating disease of hyperexcitable neural networks. While medically intractable cases may benefit from surgery, there may be no single, well-localized focus for resection or ablation. In such cases, approaching the disease from a network-based perspective may be beneficial. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors provide a narrative review of normal thalamic anatomy and physiology and propose general strategies for preventing and/or aborting seizures by modulating this structure. Additionally, they make specific recommendations for targeting the thalamus within different contexts, motivated by a more detailed discussion of its distinct nuclei and their respective connectivity. By describing important principles governing thalamic function and its involvement in seizure networks, the authors aim to provide a primer for those now entering this fast-growing field of thalamic neuromodulation for epilepsy. EXPERT OPINION The thalamus is critically involved with the function of many cortical and subcortical areas, suggesting it may serve as a compelling node for preventing or aborting seizures, and so it has increasingly been targeted for the surgical treatment of epilepsy. As various thalamic neuromodulation strategies for seizure control are developed, there is a need to ground such interventions in a mechanistic, circuit-based framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Zheng
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - David D Liu
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brian B Theyel
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hael Abdulrazeq
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anna R Kimata
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Peter M Lauro
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wael F Asaad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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38
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Bryson A, Reid C, Petrou S. Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: GABA A receptor neurotransmission and epilepsy: Principles, disease mechanisms and pharmacotherapy. J Neurochem 2023; 165:6-28. [PMID: 36681890 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder associated with alterations of excitation-inhibition balance within brain neuronal networks. GABAA receptor neurotransmission is the most prevalent form of inhibitory neurotransmission and is strongly implicated in both the pathophysiology and treatment of epilepsy, serving as a primary target for antiseizure medications for over a century. It is now established that GABA exerts a multifaceted influence through an array of GABAA receptor subtypes that extends far beyond simply negating excitatory activity. As the role of GABAA neurotransmission within inhibitory circuits is elaborated, this will enable the development of precision therapies that correct the network dysfunction underlying epileptic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bryson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Reid
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Petrou
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Praxis Precision Medicines, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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39
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Bryson A, Petrou S. SCN1A channelopathies: Navigating from genotype to neural circuit dysfunction. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1173460. [PMID: 37139072 PMCID: PMC10149698 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1173460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The SCN1A gene is strongly associated with epilepsy and plays a central role for supporting cortical excitation-inhibition balance through the expression of NaV1.1 within inhibitory interneurons. The phenotype of SCN1A disorders has been conceptualized as driven primarily by impaired interneuron function that predisposes to disinhibition and cortical hyperexcitability. However, recent studies have identified SCN1A gain-of-function variants associated with epilepsy, and the presence of cellular and synaptic changes in mouse models that point toward homeostatic adaptations and complex network remodeling. These findings highlight the need to understand microcircuit-scale dysfunction in SCN1A disorders to contextualize genetic and cellular disease mechanisms. Targeting the restoration of microcircuit properties may be a fruitful strategy for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bryson
- Ion Channels and Disease Group, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Alexander Bryson,
| | - Steven Petrou
- Ion Channels and Disease Group, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Praxis Precision Medicines, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
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40
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Lai N, Cheng H, Li Z, Wang X, Ruan Y, Qi Y, Yang L, Fei F, Dai S, Chen L, Zheng Y, Xu C, Fang J, Wang S, Chen Z, Wang Y. Interictal-period-activated neuronal ensemble in piriform cortex retards further seizure development. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111798. [PMID: 36516780 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epileptic networks are characterized as having two states, seizures or more prolonged interictal periods. However, cellular mechanisms underlying the contribution of interictal periods to ictal events remain unclear. Here, we use an activity-dependent labeling technique combined with genetically encoded effectors to characterize and manipulate neuronal ensembles recruited by focal seizures (FS-Ens) and interictal periods (IP-Ens) in piriform cortex, a region that plays a key role in seizure generation. Ca2+ activities and histological evidence reveal a disjointed correlation between the two ensembles during FS dynamics. Optogenetic activation of FS-Ens promotes further seizure development, while IP-Ens protects against it. Interestingly, both ensembles are functionally involved in generalized seizures (GS) due to circuit rearrangement. IP-Ens bidirectionally modulates FS but not GS by controlling coherence with hippocampus. This study indicates that the interictal state may represent a seizure-preventing environment, and the interictal-activated ensemble may serve as a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxi Lai
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Heming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhisheng Li
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yeping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yingbei Qi
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Fan Fei
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Sijie Dai
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiajia Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Dudarenko MV, Pozdnyakova NG. Perinatal hypoxia and thalamus brain region: increased efficiency of antiepileptic drug levetiracetam to inhibit GABA release from nerve terminals. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj94.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Levetiracetam (LV), 2S-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidiny1) butanamide, is an antiepileptic drug. The exact mechanisms of anticonvulsant effects of LV remain unclear. In this study, rats (Wistar strain) underwent hypoxia and seizures at the age of 10–12 postnatal days (pd). [3H]GABA release was analysed in isolated from thalamus nerve terminals (synaptosomes) during development at the age of pd 17–19 and pd 24–26 (infantile stage), pd 38–40 (puberty) and pd 66–73 (young adults) in control and after perinatal hypoxia. The extracellular level of [3H]GABA in the preparation of thalamic synaptosomes increased during development at the age of pd 38–40 and pd 66–73 as compared to earlier ones. LV did not influence the extracellular level of [3H]GABA in control and after perinatal hypoxia at all studied ages. Exocytotic [3H]GABA release in control increased at the age of pd 24–26 as compared to pd 17–19. After hypoxia, exocytotic [3H]GABA release from synaptosomes also increased during development. LV elevated [3H]GABA release from thalamic synaptosomes at the age of pd 66–73 after hypoxia and during blockage of GABA uptake by NO-711 only. LV realizes its antiepileptic effects at the presynaptic site through an increase in exocytotic release of [3H]GABA in thalamic synaptosomes after perinatal hypoxia at pd 66–73. LV exhibited a more significant effect in thalamic synaptosomes after perinatal hypoxia than in control ones. The action of LV is age-dependent, and the drug was inert at the infantile stage that can be useful for an LV application strategy in child epilepsy therapy. Keywords: brain development, exocytosis, GABA, levetiracetam, perinatal hypoxia, thalamic synaptosomes
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Zhao J, Sun J, Zheng Y, Zheng Y, Shao Y, Li Y, Fei F, Xu C, Liu X, Wang S, Ruan Y, Liu J, Duan S, Chen Z, Wang Y. Activated astrocytes attenuate neocortical seizures in rodent models through driving Na +-K +-ATPase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7136. [PMID: 36414629 PMCID: PMC9681834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are widely regarded to occur as a result of the excitation-inhibition imbalance from a neuro-centric view. Although astrocyte-neuron interactions are increasingly recognized in seizure, elementary questions about the causal role of astrocytes in seizure remain unanswered. Here we show that optogenetic activation of channelrhodopsin-2-expressing astrocytes effectively attenuates neocortical seizures in rodent models. This anti-seizure effect is independent from classical calcium signaling, and instead related to astrocytic Na+-K+-ATPase-mediated buffering K+, which activity-dependently inhibits firing in highly active pyramidal neurons during seizure. Compared with inhibition of pyramidal neurons, astrocyte stimulation exhibits anti-seizure effects with several advantages, including a wider therapeutic window, large-space efficacy, and minimal side effects. Finally, optogenetic-driven astrocytic Na+-K+-ATPase shows promising therapeutic effects in a chronic focal cortical dysplasia epilepsy model. Together, we uncover a promising anti-seizure strategy with optogenetic control of astrocytic Na+-K+-ATPase activity, providing alternative ideas and a potential target for the treatment of intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyi Sun
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Shao
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinggen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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The role of thalamic group II mGlu receptors in health and disease. Neuronal Signal 2022; 6:NS20210058. [PMID: 36561092 PMCID: PMC9760452 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus plays a pivotal role in the integration and processing of sensory, motor, and cognitive information. It is therefore important to understand how the thalamus operates in states of both health and disease. In the present review, we discuss the function of the Group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors within thalamic circuitry, and how they may represent therapeutic targets in treating disease states associated with thalamic dysfunction.
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Schuster J, Klar J, Khalfallah A, Laan L, Hoeber J, Fatima A, Sequeira VM, Jin Z, Korol SV, Huss M, Nordgren A, Anderlid BM, Gallant C, Birnir B, Dahl N. ZEB2 haploinsufficient Mowat-Wilson syndrome induced pluripotent stem cells show disrupted GABAergic transcriptional regulation and function. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:988993. [PMID: 36353360 PMCID: PMC9637781 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.988993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous variants in the gene encoding transcription factor ZEB2. Affected individuals present with structural brain abnormalities, speech delay and epilepsy. In mice, conditional loss of Zeb2 causes hippocampal degeneration, altered migration and differentiation of GABAergic interneurons, a heterogeneous population of mainly inhibitory neurons of importance for maintaining normal excitability. To get insights into GABAergic development and function in MWS we investigated ZEB2 haploinsufficient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of MWS subjects together with iPSC of healthy donors. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data at two time points of GABAergic development revealed an attenuated interneuronal identity in MWS subject derived iPSC with enrichment of differentially expressed genes required for transcriptional regulation, cell fate transition and forebrain patterning. The ZEB2 haploinsufficient neural stem cells (NSCs) showed downregulation of genes required for ventral telencephalon specification, such as FOXG1, accompanied by an impaired migratory capacity. Further differentiation into GABAergic interneuronal cells uncovered upregulation of transcription factors promoting pallial and excitatory neurons whereas cortical markers were downregulated. The differentially expressed genes formed a neural protein-protein network with extensive connections to well-established epilepsy genes. Analysis of electrophysiological properties in ZEB2 haploinsufficient GABAergic cells revealed overt perturbations manifested as impaired firing of repeated action potentials. Our iPSC model of ZEB2 haploinsufficient GABAergic development thus uncovers a dysregulated gene network leading to immature interneurons with mixed identity and altered electrophysiological properties, suggesting mechanisms contributing to the neuropathogenesis and seizures in MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joakim Klar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ayda Khalfallah
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Loora Laan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Hoeber
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Velin Marita Sequeira
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergiy V. Korol
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Huss
- Wallenberg Long-Term Bioinformatics Support, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Gallant
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bryndis Birnir
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
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Liu R, Xing Y, Zhang H, Wang J, Lai H, Cheng L, Li D, Yu T, Yan X, Xu C, Piao Y, Zeng L, Loh HH, Zhang G, Yang X. Imbalance between the function of Na+-K+-2Cl and K+-Cl impairs Cl– homeostasis in human focal cortical dysplasia. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:954167. [PMID: 36324524 PMCID: PMC9621392 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.954167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Altered expression patterns of Na+-K+-2Cl– (NKCC1) and K+-Cl– (KCC2) co-transporters have been implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Here, we assessed the effects of imbalanced NKCC1 and KCC2 on γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) neurotransmission in certain brain regions involved in human focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Materials and methods We sought to map a micro-macro neuronal network to better understand the epileptogenesis mechanism. In patients with FCD, we resected cortical tissue from the seizure the onset zone (SOZ) and the non-seizure onset zone (non-SOZ) inside the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Additionally, we resected non-epileptic neocortical tissue from the patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) as control. All of tissues were analyzed using perforated patch recordings. NKCC1 and KCC2 co-transporters expression and distribution were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results Results revealed that depolarized GABAergic signals were observed in pyramidal neurons in the SOZ and non-SOZ groups compared with the control group. The total number of pyramidal neurons showing GABAergic spontaneous postsynaptic currents was 11/14, 7/17, and 0/12 in the SOZ, non-SOZ, and control groups, respectively. The depolarizing GABAergic response was significantly dampened by the specific NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide (BUM). Patients with FCD exhibited higher expression and internalized distribution of KCC2, particularly in the SOZ group. Conclusion Our results provide evidence of a potential neurocircuit underpinning SOZ epileptogenesis and non-SOZ seizure susceptibility. Imbalanced function of NKCC1 and KCC2 may affect chloride ion homeostasis in neurons and alter GABAergic inhibitory action, thereby contributing to epileptogenesis in FCDs. Maintaining chloride ion homeostasis in the neurons may represent a new avenue for the development of novel anti-seizure medications (ASMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Liu
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Neuroelectrophysiological Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Junling Wang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Neuroelectrophysiological Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lipeng Cheng
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Neuroelectrophysiological Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Donghong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Xu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueshan Piao
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guojun Zhang,
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Neuroelectrophysiological Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xiaofeng Yang,
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Faubel RJ, Santos Canellas VS, Gaesser J, Beluk NH, Feinstein TN, Wang Y, Yankova M, Karunakaran KB, King SM, Ganapathiraju MK, Lo CW. Flow blockage disrupts cilia-driven fluid transport in the epileptic brain. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:691-706. [PMID: 35980457 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A carpet of ependymal motile cilia lines the brain ventricular system, forming a network of flow channels and barriers that pattern cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow at the surface. This CSF transport system is evolutionary conserved, but its physiological function remains unknown. Here we investigated its potential role in epilepsy with studies focused on CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), a neurodevelopmental disorder with early-onset epilepsy refractory to seizure medications and the most common cause of infant epilepsy. CDKL5 is a highly conserved X-linked gene suggesting its function in regulating cilia length and motion in the green alga Chlamydomonas might have implication in the etiology of CDD. Examination of the structure and function of airway motile cilia revealed both the CDD patients and the Cdkl5 knockout mice exhibit cilia lengthening and abnormal cilia motion. Similar defects were observed for brain ventricular cilia in the Cdkl5 knockout mice. Mapping ependymal cilia generated flow in the ventral third ventricle (v3V), a brain region with important physiological functions showed altered patterning of flow. Tracing of cilia-mediated inflow into v3V with fluorescent dye revealed the appearance of a flow barrier at the inlet of v3V in Cdkl5 knockout mice. Analysis of mice with a mutation in another epilepsy-associated kinase, Yes1, showed the same disturbance of cilia motion and flow patterning. The flow barrier was also observed in the Foxj1± and FOXJ1CreERT:Cdkl5y/fl mice, confirming the contribution of ventricular cilia to the flow disturbances. Importantly, mice exhibiting altered cilia-driven flow also showed increased susceptibility to anesthesia-induced seizure-like activity. The cilia-driven flow disturbance arises from altered cilia beating orientation with the disrupted polarity of the cilia anchoring rootlet meshwork. Together these findings indicate motile cilia disturbances have an essential role in CDD-associated seizures and beyond, suggesting cilia regulating kinases may be a therapeutic target for medication-resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina J Faubel
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Veronica S Santos Canellas
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Jenna Gaesser
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Nancy H Beluk
- Division of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Tim N Feinstein
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Laboratory for Fluid Physics, Pattern Formation and Biocomplexity, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maya Yankova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, And Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030-3305, USA
| | - Kalyani B Karunakaran
- Supercomputer Education and Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Stephen M King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, And Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030-3305, USA
| | - Madhavi K Ganapathiraju
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA
| | - Cecilia W Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
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Myren‐Svelstad S, Jamali A, Ophus SS, D'gama PP, Ostenrath AM, Mutlu AK, Hoffshagen HH, Hotz AL, Neuhauss SCF, Jurisch‐Yaksi N, Yaksi E. Elevated photic response is followed by a rapid decay and depressed state in ictogenic networks. Epilepsia 2022; 63:2543-2560. [PMID: 36222083 PMCID: PMC9804334 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The switch between nonseizure and seizure states involves profound alterations in network excitability and synchrony. In this study, we aimed to identify and compare features of neural excitability and dynamics across multiple zebrafish seizure and epilepsy models. METHODS Inspired by video-electroencephalographic recordings in patients, we developed a framework to study spontaneous and photically evoked neural and locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae, by combining high-throughput behavioral tracking and whole-brain in vivo two-photon calcium imaging. RESULTS Our setup allowed us to dissect behavioral and physiological features that are divergent or convergent across multiple models. We observed that spontaneous locomotor and neural activity exhibit great diversity across models. Nonetheless, during photic stimulation, hyperexcitability and rapid response dynamics were well conserved across multiple models, highlighting the reliability of photically evoked activity for high-throughput assays. Intriguingly, in several models, we observed that the initial elevated photic response is often followed by rapid decay of neural activity and a prominent depressed state. Elevated photic response and following depressed state in seizure-prone networks are significantly reduced by the antiseizure medication valproic acid. Finally, rapid decay and depression of neural activity following photic stimulation temporally overlap with slow recruitment of astroglial calcium signals that are enhanced in seizure-prone networks. SIGNIFICANCE We argue that fast decay of neural activity and depressed states following photic response are likely due to homeostatic mechanisms triggered by excessive neural activity. An improved understanding of the interplay between elevated and depressed excitability states might suggest tailored epilepsy therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre Myren‐Svelstad
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySt Olav's University HospitalTrondheimNorway
| | - Ahmed Jamali
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySt Olav's University HospitalTrondheimNorway
| | - Sunniva S. Ophus
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Percival P. D'gama
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Anna M. Ostenrath
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Aytac Kadir Mutlu
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Helene Homme Hoffshagen
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Adriana L. Hotz
- Department of Molecular Life SciencesUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Nathalie Jurisch‐Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Department of Neurology and Clinical NeurophysiologySt Olav's University HospitalTrondheimNorway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Emre Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway,Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Department of NeurologyKoç University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey
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Zou X, Zhu Z, Guo Y, Zhang H, Liu Y, Cui Z, Ke Z, Jiang S, Tong Y, Wu Z, Mao Y, Chen L, Wang D. Neural excitatory rebound induced by valproic acid may predict its inadequate control of seizures. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104218. [PMID: 35970021 PMCID: PMC9399967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Valproic acid (VPA) represents one of the most efficient antiseizure medications (ASMs) for both general and focal seizures, but some patients may have inadequate control by VPA monotherapy. In this study, we aimed to verify the hypothesis that excitatory dynamic rebound induced by inhibitory power may contribute to the ineffectiveness of VPA therapy and become a predictor of post-operative inadequate control of seizures. Methods Awake craniotomy surgeries were performed in 16 patients with intro-operative high-density electrocorticogram (ECoG) recording. The relationship between seizure control and the excitatory rebound was further determined by diagnostic test and univariate analysis. Thereafter, kanic acid (KA)-induced epileptic mouse model was used to confirm that its behavior and neural activity would be controlled by VPA. Finally, a computational simulation model was established to verify the hypothesis. Findings Inadequate control of seizures by VPA monotherapy and post-operative status epilepticus are closely related to a significant excitatory rebound after VPA injection (rebound electrodes≧5/64, p = 0.008), together with increased synchronization of the local field potential (LFP). In addition, the neural activity in the model mice showed a significant rebound on spike firing (53/77 units, 68.83%). The LFP increased the power spectral density in multiple wavebands after VPA injection in animal experiments (p < 0.001). Computational simulation experiments revealed that inhibitory power-induced excitatory rebound is an intrinsic feature in the neural network. Interpretation Despite the limitations, we provide evidence that inadequate control of seizures by VPA monotherapy could be associated with neural excitatory rebounds, which were predicted by intraoperative ECoG analysis. Combined with the evidence from computational models and animal experiments, our findings suggested that ineffective ASMs may be because of the excitatory rebound, which is mediated by increased inhibitory power. Funding This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (62127810, 81970418), Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX03) and ZJLab; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (18JC1410403, 19411969000, 19ZR1477700, 20Z11900100); MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment (21DZ2271000); Shanghai Shenkang (SHDC2020CR3073B).
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Fei F, Wang X, Xu C, Shi J, Gong Y, Cheng H, Lai N, Ruan Y, Ding Y, Wang S, Chen Z, Wang Y. Discrete subicular circuits control generalization of hippocampal seizures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5010. [PMID: 36008421 PMCID: PMC9411516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is considered a circuit-level dysfunction associated with imbalanced excitation-inhibition, it is therapeutically necessary to identify key brain regions and related circuits in epilepsy. The subiculum is an essential participant in epileptic seizures, but the circuit mechanism underlying its role remains largely elusive. Here we deconstruct the diversity of subicular circuits in a mouse model of epilepsy. We find that excitatory subicular pyramidal neurons heterogeneously control the generalization of hippocampal seizures by projecting to different downstream regions. Notably, anterior thalamus-projecting subicular neurons bidirectionally mediate seizures, while entorhinal cortex-projecting subicular neurons act oppositely in seizure modulation. These two subpopulations are structurally and functionally dissociable. An intrinsically enhanced hyperpolarization-activated current and robust bursting intensity in anterior thalamus-projecting neurons facilitate synaptic transmission, thus contributing to the generalization of hippocampal seizures. These results demonstrate that subicular circuits have diverse roles in epilepsy, suggesting the necessity to precisely target specific subicular circuits for effective treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fei
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaying Shi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Gong
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nanxi Lai
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Ding
- Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China. .,Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China. .,Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Gøtzsche CR, Woldbye DPD, Hundahl CA, Hay-Schmidt A. Neuroglobin deficiency increases seizure susceptibility but does not affect basal behavior in mice. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:1921-1932. [PMID: 35822521 PMCID: PMC9544565 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) is found in the neurones of several different brain areas and is known to bind oxygen and other gaseous molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, but it does not seem to act as a respiratory molecule for neurones. Using male and female Ngb‐knockout (KO) mice, we addressed the role of Ngb in neuronal brain activity using behavioral tests but found no differences in general behaviors, memory processes, and anxiety−/depression‐like behaviors. Oxidative stress and ROS play key roles in epileptogenesis, and oxidative injury produced by an excessive production of free radicals is involved in the initiation and progression of epilepsy. The ROS binding properties led us to hypothesize that lack of Ngb could affect central coping with excitatory stimuli. We consequently explored whether exposure to the excitatory molecule kainate (KA) would increase severity of seizures in mice lacking Ngb. We found that the duration and severity of seizures were increased, while the latency time to develop seizures was shortened in Ngb‐KO compared to wildtype adult female mice. Consistently, c‐fos expression after KA was significantly increased in Ngb‐KO mice in the amygdala and piriform cortex, regions rich in Ngb and known to be centrally involved in seizure generation. Moreover, the measured c‐fos expression levels were correlated with seizure susceptibility. With these new findings combined with previous studies we propose that Ngb could constitute an intrinsic defense mechanism against neuronal hyperexcitability and oxidative stress by buffering of ROS in amygdala and other Ngb‐containing brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper R Gøtzsche
- Department for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David P D Woldbye
- Department for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Hay-Schmidt
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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