1
|
Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kan Y, Liu X, Kumar S, Bozhevolnyi SI. Tempering Multichannel Photon Emission from Emitter-Coupled Holographic Metasurfaces. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:1584-1591. [PMID: 38645997 PMCID: PMC11027142 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
On-chip manipulation of photon emission from quantum emitters (QEs) is crucial for quantum nanophotonics and advanced optical applications. At the same time, the general design strategy is still elusive, especially for fully exploring the degrees of freedom of multiple channels. Here, the vectorial scattering holography (VSH) approach developed recently for flexibly designing QE-coupled metasurfaces is extended to tempering the strength of QE emission into a particular channel. The VSH power is demonstrated by designing, fabricating, and optically characterizing on-chip QE sources emitted into six differently oriented propagation channels, each representing the entangled state of orthogonal circular polarizations with different topological charges and characterized with a specific relative strength. We postulate that the demonstration of tempered multichannel photon emission from QE-coupled metasurfaces significantly broadens the possibilities provided by the holographic metasurface platform, especially those relevant for high-dimensional quantum information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Kan
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Xujing Liu
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Priyadarshni N, Singh R, Mishra MK. Nanodiamonds: Next generation nano-theranostics for cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216710. [PMID: 38369006 PMCID: PMC10961193 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, demanding early diagnosis and effective treatment. Traditional therapeutic methods often fall short due to their need for more specificity and systemic toxicity. In this challenging landscape, nanodiamonds (ND) emerge as a potential solution, mitigating the limitations of conventional approaches. ND are tiny carbon particles that mimic traditional diamonds chemical stability and hardness and harness nanomaterials' advantages. ND stands out for the unique properties that make them promising nanotheranostics candidates, combining therapeutic and imaging capabilities in one platform. Many of these applications depend on the design of the particle's surface, as the surface's role is crucial in transporting bioactive molecules, preventing aggregation, and building composite materials. This review delves into ND's distinctive features, structural and optical characteristics, and their profound relevance in advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment methods. The report delves into how these exceptional ND properties drive the development of state-of-the-art techniques for precise tumor targeting, boosting the effectiveness of chemotherapy as a chemosensitizer, harnessing immunotherapy strategies, facilitating precision medicine, and creating localized microfilm devices for targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Priyadarshni
- Cancer Biology Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manoj K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Angell DK, Li S, Utzat H, Thurston MLS, Liu Y, Dahl J, Carlson R, Shen ZX, Melosh N, Sinclair R, Dionne JA. Unraveling sources of emission heterogeneity in Silicon Vacancy color centers with cryo-cathodoluminescence microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308247121. [PMID: 38551833 PMCID: PMC10998621 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308247121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Diamond color centers have proven to be versatile quantum emitters and exquisite sensors of stress, temperature, electric and magnetic fields, and biochemical processes. Among color centers, the silicon-vacancy (SiV[Formula: see text]) defect exhibits high brightness, minimal phonon coupling, narrow optical linewidths, and high degrees of photon indistinguishability. Yet the creation of reliable and scalable SiV[Formula: see text]-based color centers has been hampered by heterogeneous emission, theorized to originate from surface imperfections, crystal lattice strain, defect symmetry, or other lattice impurities. Here, we advance high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy combined with cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to elucidate the structural sources of heterogeneity in SiV[Formula: see text] emission from nanodiamond with sub-nanometer-scale resolution. Our diamond nanoparticles are grown directly on TEM membranes from molecular-level seedings, representing the natural formation conditions of color centers in diamond. We show that individual subcrystallites within a single nanodiamond exhibit distinct zero-phonon line (ZPL) energies and differences in brightness that can vary by 0.1 meV in energy and over 70% in brightness. These changes are correlated with the atomic-scale lattice structure. We find that ZPL blue-shifts result from tensile strain, while ZPL red shifts are due to compressive strain. We also find that distinct crystallites host distinct densities of SiV[Formula: see text] emitters and that grain boundaries impact SiV[Formula: see text] emission significantly. Finally, we interrogate nanodiamonds as small as 40 nm in diameter and show that these diamonds exhibit no spatial change to their ZPL energy. Our work provides a foundation for atomic-scale structure-emission correlation, e.g., of single atomic defects in a range of quantum and two-dimensional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. Angell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Hendrik Utzat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Matti L. S. Thurston
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Jeremy Dahl
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Robert Carlson
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Zhi-Xun Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Nicholas Melosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Robert Sinclair
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Palo Alto, CA94305
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kan Y, Liu X, Kumar S, Bozhevolnyi SI. Multichannel Quantum Emission with On-Chip Emitter-Coupled Holographic Metasurfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20308-20314. [PMID: 37791727 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Multichannel quantum emission is in high demand for advanced quantum photonic applications such as quantum communications, quantum computing, and quantum cryptography. However, to date, the most common way for shaping photon emission from quantum emitters (QEs) is to utilize free-standing (external) bulky optical components. Here, we develop the multichannel holography approach for flexibly designing on-chip QE-coupled metasurfaces that make use of nonradiatively QE-excited surface plasmon polaritons for generating far-field quantum emission, which propagates in designed directions carrying specific spin and orbital angular momenta (SAM and OAM, respectively). We further design, fabricate, and characterize on-chip quantum light sources of multichannel quantum emission encoded with different SAMs and OAMs. The holography-based inverse design approach developed and demonstrated on-chip quantum light sources with multiple degrees of freedoms, thereby enabling a powerful platform for quantum nanophotonics, especially relevant for advanced quantum photonic applications, e.g., high-dimensional quantum information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Kan
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Xujing Liu
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sergey I Bozhevolnyi
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weng HC, Monroy-Ruz J, Matthews JCF, Rarity JG, Balram KC, Smith JA. Heterogeneous Integration of Solid-State Quantum Systems with a Foundry Photonics Platform. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:3302-3309. [PMID: 37743942 PMCID: PMC10515700 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Diamond color centers are promising optically addressable solid-state spins that can be matter-qubits, mediate deterministic interaction between photons, and act as single photon emitters. Useful quantum computers will comprise millions of logical qubits. To become useful in constructing quantum computers, spin-photon interfaces must, therefore, become scalable and be compatible with mass-manufacturable photonics and electronics. Here, we demonstrate the heterogeneous integration of NV centers in nanodiamond with low-fluorescence silicon nitride photonics from a standard 180 nm CMOS foundry process. Nanodiamonds are positioned over predefined sites in a regular array on a waveguide in a single postprocessing step. Using an array of optical fibers, we excite NV centers selectively from an array of six integrated nanodiamond sites and collect the photoluminescence (PL) in each case into waveguide circuitry on-chip. We verify single photon emission by an on-chip Hanbury Brown and Twiss cross-correlation measurement, which is a key characterization experiment otherwise typically performed routinely with discrete optics. Our work opens up a simple and effective route to simultaneously address large arrays of individual optically active spins at scale, without requiring discrete bulk optical setups. This is enabled by the heterogeneous integration of NV center nanodiamonds with CMOS photonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Cheng Weng
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| | - Jorge Monroy-Ruz
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C. F. Matthews
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| | - John G. Rarity
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| | - Krishna C. Balram
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| | - Joe A. Smith
- Quantum
Engineering Technology
Laboratories, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering, University of
Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United
Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wen H, Kordahl D, Kuschnerus IC, Reineck P, Macmillan A, Chang HC, Dwyer C, Chang SLY. Correlative Fluorescence and Transmission Electron Microscopy Assisted by 3D Machine Learning Reveals Thin Nanodiamonds Fluoresce Brighter. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16491-16500. [PMID: 37594320 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) draw widespread attention as quantum sensors due to their room-temperature luminescence, exceptional photo- and chemical stability, and biocompatibility. For bioscience applications, NV centers in FNDs offer high-spatial-resolution capabilities that are unparalleled by other solid-state nanoparticle emitters. On the other hand, pursuits to further improve the optical properties of FNDs have reached a bottleneck, with intense debate in the literature over which of the many factors are most pertinent. Here, we describe how substantial progress can be achieved using a correlative transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence (TEMPL) method that we have developed. TEMPL enables a precise correlative analysis of the fluorescence brightness, size, and shape of individual FND particles. Augmented with machine learning, TEMPL can be used to analyze a large, statistically meaningful number of particles. Our results reveal that FND fluorescence is strongly dependent on particle shape, specifically, that thin, flake-shaped particles are up to several times brighter and that fluorescence increases with decreasing particle sphericity. Our theoretical analysis shows that these observations are attributable to the constructive interference of light waves within the FNDs. Our findings have significant implications for state-of-the-art sensing applications, and they offer potential avenues for improving the sensitivity and resolution of quantum sensing devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David Kordahl
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Centenary College of Louisiana, Shreveport, Louisiana 71104, United States
| | - Inga C Kuschnerus
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Bio Photonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Alexander Macmillan
- BMIF, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Christian Dwyer
- Electron Imaging and Spectroscopy Tools, PO Box 506, Sans Souci, NSW 2219, Australia
- Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Shery L Y Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nguyen HA, Dixon G, Dou FY, Gallagher S, Gibbs S, Ladd DM, Marino E, Ondry JC, Shanahan JP, Vasileiadou ES, Barlow S, Gamelin DR, Ginger DS, Jonas DM, Kanatzidis MG, Marder SR, Morton D, Murray CB, Owen JS, Talapin DV, Toney MF, Cossairt BM. Design Rules for Obtaining Narrow Luminescence from Semiconductors Made in Solution. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37311205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed semiconductors are in demand for present and next-generation optoelectronic technologies ranging from displays to quantum light sources because of their scalability and ease of integration into devices with diverse form factors. One of the central requirements for semiconductors used in these applications is a narrow photoluminescence (PL) line width. Narrow emission line widths are needed to ensure both color and single-photon purity, raising the question of what design rules are needed to obtain narrow emission from semiconductors made in solution. In this review, we first examine the requirements for colloidal emitters for a variety of applications including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers, and quantum information science. Next, we will delve into the sources of spectral broadening, including "homogeneous" broadening from dynamical broadening mechanisms in single-particle spectra, heterogeneous broadening from static structural differences in ensemble spectra, and spectral diffusion. Then, we compare the current state of the art in terms of emission line width for a variety of colloidal materials including II-VI quantum dots (QDs) and nanoplatelets, III-V QDs, alloyed QDs, metal-halide perovskites including nanocrystals and 2D structures, doped nanocrystals, and, finally, as a point of comparison, organic molecules. We end with some conclusions and connections, including an outline of promising paths forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Grant Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Florence Y Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Shaun Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Stephen Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dylan M Ladd
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - James P Shanahan
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David M Jonas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel Morton
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jonathan S Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim J, Kang MS, Jun SW, Jo HJ, Han DW, Kim CS. A systematic study on the use of multifunctional nanodiamonds for neuritogenesis and super-resolution imaging. Biomater Res 2023; 27:37. [PMID: 37106432 PMCID: PMC10134586 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regeneration of defective neurons in central nervous system is a highlighted issue for neurodegenerative disease treatment. Various tissue engineering approaches have focused on neuritogenesis to achieve the regeneration of damaged neuronal cells because damaged neurons often fail to achieve spontaneous restoration of neonatal neurites. Meanwhile, owing to the demand for a better diagnosis, studies of super-resolution imaging techniques in fluorescence microscopy have triggered the technological development to surpass the classical resolution dictated by the optical diffraction limit for precise observations of neuronal behaviors. Herein, the multifunctional nanodiamonds (NDs) as neuritogenesis promoters and super-resolution imaging probes were studied. METHODS To investigate the neuritogenesis-inducing capability of NDs, ND-containing growing medium and differentiation medium were added to the HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells and incubated for 10 d. In vitro and ex vivo images were visualized through custom-built two-photon microscopy using NDs as imaging probes and the direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) process was performed for the super-resolution reconstruction owing to the photoblinking properties of NDs. Moreover, ex vivo imaging of the mouse brain was performed 24 h after the intravenous injection of NDs. RESULTS NDs were endocytosed by the cells and promoted spontaneous neuritogenesis without any differentiation factors, where NDs exhibited no significant toxicity with their outstanding biocompatibility. The images of ND-endocytosed cells were reconstructed into super-resolution images through dSTORM, thereby addressing the problem of image distortion due to nano-sized particles, including size expansion and the challenge in distinguishing the nearby located particles. Furthermore, the ex vivo images of NDs in mouse brain confirmed that NDs could penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and retain their photoblinking property for dSTORM application. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that the NDs are capable of dSTORM super-resolution imaging, neuritogenic facilitation, and BBB penetration, suggesting their remarkable potential in biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeheung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Jun
- Agency for Defense Development, Ground Technology Research Institute, Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Jo
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Seok Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Segawa TF, Igarashi R. Nanoscale quantum sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in nanodiamonds - A magnetic resonance perspective. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 134-135:20-38. [PMID: 37321756 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing fluorescent Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers are the smallest single particles, of which a magnetic resonance spectrum can be recorded at room temperature using optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). By recording spectral shift or changes in relaxation rates, various physical and chemical quantities can be measured such as the magnetic field, orientation, temperature, radical concentration, pH or even NMR. This turns NV-nanodiamonds into nanoscale quantum sensors, which can be read out by a sensitive fluorescence microscope equipped with an additional magnetic resonance upgrade. In this review, we introduce the field of ODMR spectroscopy of NV-nanodiamonds and how it can be used to sense different quantities. Thereby we highlight both, the pioneering contributions and the latest results (covered until 2021) with a focus on biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya F Segawa
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ryuji Igarashi
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1, Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan; JST, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hosseini SM, Mohammadnejad J, Najafi-Taher R, Zadeh ZB, Tanhaei M, Ramakrishna S. Multifunctional Carbon-Based Nanoparticles: Theranostic Applications in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1323-1338. [PMID: 36921253 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis and treatment are the most critical challenges in modern medicine. Conventional cancer treatments no longer meet the needs of the health field due to the high rate of mutations and epigenetic factors that have caused drug resistance in tumor cells. Hence, the search for unique methods and factors is quickly expanding. The development of nanotechnology in medicine and the search for a system to integrate treatment and diagnosis to achieve an effective approach to overcome the known limitations of conventional treatment methods have led to the emergence of theranostic nanoparticles and nanosystems based on these nanoparticles. An influential group of these nanoparticles is carbon-based theranostic nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have received significant attention due to their unique properties, such as electrical conductivity, high strength, excellent surface chemistry, and wide range of structural diversity (graphene, nanodiamond, carbon quantum dots, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanohorns). These nanoparticles were widely used in various fields, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, imaging, and biosensors. In this review, we discuss in detail the recent features and advances in carbon-based theranostic nanoparticles and the advanced and diverse strategies used to treat diseases with these nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Nano Biotechnology Group, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadnejad
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Nano Biotechnology Group, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Roqya Najafi-Taher
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11114115, Iran
| | - Zahra Beiram Zadeh
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Tanhaei
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pinotsi D, Tian R, Anand P, Miyanishi K, Boss JM, Chang KK, Welter P, So FTK, Terada D, Igarashi R, Shirakawa M, Degen CL, Segawa TF. Distance measurements between 5 nanometer diamonds - single particle magnetic resonance or optical super-resolution imaging? NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1345-1355. [PMID: 36866257 PMCID: PMC9972529 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00815g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
5 nanometer sized detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) are studied as potential single-particle labels for distance measurements in biomolecules. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in the crystal lattice can be addressed through their fluorescence and optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of a single particle can be recorded. To achieve single-particle distance measurements, we propose two complementary approaches based on spin-spin coupling or optical super-resolution imaging. As a first approach, we try to measure the mutual magnetic dipole-dipole coupling between two NV centers in close DNDs using a pulse ODMR sequence (DEER). The electron spin coherence time, a key parameter to reach long distance DEER measurements, was prolonged using dynamical decoupling reaching T 2,DD ≈ 20 μs, extending the Hahn echo decay time T 2 by one order of magnitude. Nevertheless, an inter-particle NV-NV dipole coupling could not be measured. As a second approach, we successfully localize the NV centers in DNDs using STORM super-resolution imaging, achieving a localization precision of down to 15 nm, enabling optical nanometer-scale single-particle distance measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Pinotsi
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy (ScopeM) ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rui Tian
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany
| | - Pratyush Anand
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Koichiro Miyanishi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Jens M Boss
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Kevin Kai Chang
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pol Welter
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Frederick T-K So
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
- Institute of Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 610-0011 Japan
| | - Daiki Terada
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
| | - Ryuji Igarashi
- Institute of Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 610-0011 Japan
| | - Masahiro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
| | - Christian L Degen
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Takuya F Segawa
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhaolong S, Nan G. Boron-nitrogen co-terminated diamond (110) surface for nitrogen-vacancy quantum sensors from first-principles calculations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 51:025001. [PMID: 36332270 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca05f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond surface is a critical issue in quantum sensors with no sensitivity to surface terminators. We investigate the structural stabilities and electronic properties of boron (B)-N co-terminated diamond (110) surface based on first-principles calculations. The B-N co-terminated diamond (110) surfaces combined with monolayer coverage of hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F) adsorption are dynamically and thermally stable. Remarkably, the H/F mixed (H/F = 1.0) adsorption surface has neither surface spin noise nor surface-related state, and a positive electron affinity of 1.11 eV, thus it could be a prospective candidate for NV-based quantum sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Zhaolong
- College of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effect of heat treatment on fluorescence characteristics of HPHT and detonation nanodiamonds. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
15
|
Janitz E, Herb K, Völker LA, Huxter WS, Degen CL, Abendroth JM. Diamond surface engineering for molecular sensing with nitrogen-vacancy centers. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2022; 10:13533-13569. [PMID: 36324301 PMCID: PMC9521415 DOI: 10.1039/d2tc01258h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantum sensing using optically addressable atomic-scale defects, such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, provides new opportunities for sensitive and highly localized characterization of chemical functionality. Notably, near-surface defects facilitate detection of the minute magnetic fields generated by nuclear or electron spins outside of the diamond crystal, such as those in chemisorbed and physisorbed molecules. However, the promise of NV centers is hindered by a severe degradation of critical sensor properties, namely charge stability and spin coherence, near surfaces (< ca. 10 nm deep). Moreover, applications in the chemical sciences require methods for covalent bonding of target molecules to diamond with robust control over density, orientation, and binding configuration. This forward-looking Review provides a survey of the rapidly converging fields of diamond surface science and NV-center physics, highlighting their combined potential for quantum sensing of molecules. We outline the diamond surface properties that are advantageous for NV-sensing applications, and discuss strategies to mitigate deleterious effects while simultaneously providing avenues for chemical attachment. Finally, we present an outlook on emerging applications in which the unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution of NV-based sensing could provide unique insight into chemically functionalized surfaces at the single-molecule level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Janitz
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Herb
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Laura A Völker
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - William S Huxter
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christian L Degen
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - John M Abendroth
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mahmud GA, Zhang H, Douglas JF. The Dynamics of Metal Nanoparticles on a Supporting Interacting Substrate. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:114505. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction strength of the nanoparticles NPs with the supporting substrate can greatly influence both the rate and selectivity of catalytic reactions, but the origins of these changes in reactivity arising from the combined effects of NP structure and composition, and NP-substrate interaction are currently not well-understood. Since the dynamics of the NPs are implicated in many NP-based catalytic processes, we investigate how the supporting substrate alters the dynamics of representative Cu NPs on a model graphene substrate, and a formal extension of this model in which the interaction strength between the NPs and the substrate is varied. We particularly emphasize how the substrate interaction strength alters the local mobility and potential energy fluctuations in the NP interfacial region, given the potential relevance of such fluctuations to NP reactivity. We find the NP melting temperature Tm progressively shifts downward with an increasing NP-substrate interaction strength, and that this change in NP thermodynamic stability is mirrored by changes in local mobility and potential energy fluctuations in the interfacial region that can be described as "colored noise". Atomic diffusivity D in the "free" and substrate NP interfacial regions is quantified and observed variations are rationalized by the localization model linking D to the mean square atomic displacement on a "caging" timescale on the order of a ps. In summary, we find the supporting substrate strongly modulates the stability and dynamics of supported NPs, effects that have evident practical relevance for understanding changes in NP catalytic behavior derived from the supporting substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gazi Arif Mahmud
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu Y, Weil T. Recent Developments of Nanodiamond Quantum Sensors for Biological Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200059. [PMID: 35343101 PMCID: PMC9259730 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Measuring certain quantities at the nanoscale is often limited to strict conditions such as low temperature or vacuum. However, the recently developed nanodiamond (ND) quantum sensing technology shows great promise for ultrasensitive diagnosis and probing subcellular parameters at ambient conditions. Atom defects (i.e., N, Si) within the ND lattice provide stable emissions and sometimes spin-dependent photoluminescence. These unique properties endow ND quantum sensors with the capacity to detect local temperature, magnetic fields, electric fields, or strain. In this review, some of the recent, most exciting developments in the preparation and application of ND sensors to solve current challenges in biology and medicine including ultrasensitive detection of virions and local sensing of pH, radical species, magnetic fields, temperature, and rotational movements, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingke Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chang SLY, Reineck P, Krueger A, Mochalin VN. Ultrasmall Nanodiamonds: Perspectives and Questions. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8513-8524. [PMID: 35605109 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds are at the heart of a plethora of emerging applications in areas ranging from nanocomposites and tribology to nanomedicine and quantum sensing. The development of alternative synthesis methods, a better understanding, and the availability of ultrasmall nanodiamonds of less than 3 nm size with a precisely engineered composition, including the particle surface and atomic defects in the diamond crystal lattice, would mark a leap forward for many existing and future applications. Yet today, we are unable to accurately control nanodiamond composition at the atomic scale, nor can we reliably create and isolate particles in this size range. In this perspective, we discuss recent advances, challenges, and opportunities in the synthesis, characterization, and application of ultrasmall nanodiamonds. We particularly focus on the advantages of bottom-up synthesis of these particles and critically assess the physicochemical properties of ultrasmall nanodiamonds, which significantly differ from those of larger particles and bulk diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shery L Y Chang
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Anke Krueger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vadym N Mochalin
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Q, Yin J, Yan Y, Chen S, Wei BY, Zhao S, Li M, Lei M, Lin Y, Shi F, Du J. Biocompatible Nanotomography of Tightly Focused Light. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:1851-1857. [PMID: 35175061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tightly focusing a spatially modulated laser beam lays the foundations for advanced optical techniques, such as a holographic optical tweezer and deterministic super-resolution imaging. Precisely mapping the subwavelength features of those highly confined fields is critical to improving the spatial resolution, especially in highly scattering biotissues. However, current techniques characterizing focal fields are mostly limited to conditions such as under a vacuum and on a glass surface. An optical probe with low cytotoxicity and resistance to autofluorescence is the key to achieving in vivo applications. Here, we use a newly emerging quantum reference beacon, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in the nanodiamond, to characterize the focal field of the near-infrared (NIR) laser focus in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). This biocompatible background-free focal field mapping technique has the potential to optimize in vivo optical imaging and manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yihao Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Sanyou Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing-Yan Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Min Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ming Lei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yiheng Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fazhan Shi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schmidheini L, Tiefenauer RF, Gatterdam V, Frutiger A, Sannomiya T, Aramesh M. Self-Assembly of Nanodiamonds and Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Nanoscopy. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030148. [PMID: 35323419 PMCID: PMC8946096 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds have emerged as promising agents for sensing and imaging due to their exceptional photostability and sensitivity to the local nanoscale environment. Here, we introduce a hybrid system composed of a nanodiamond containing nitrogen-vacancy center that is paired to a gold nanoparticle via DNA hybridization. Using multiphoton optical studies, we demonstrate that the harmonic mode emission generated in gold nanoparticles induces a coupled fluorescence emission in nanodiamonds. We show that the flickering of harmonic emission in gold nanoparticles directly influences the nanodiamonds' emissions, resulting in stochastic blinking. By utilizing the stochastic emission fluctuations, we present a proof-of-principle experiment to demonstrate the potential application of the hybrid system for super-resolution microscopy. The introduced system may find applications in intracellular biosensing and bioimaging due to the DNA-based coupling mechanism and also the attractive characteristics of harmonic generation, such as low power, low background and tissue transparency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schmidheini
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; (L.S.); (R.F.T.); (V.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Raphael F. Tiefenauer
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; (L.S.); (R.F.T.); (V.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Volker Gatterdam
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; (L.S.); (R.F.T.); (V.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Andreas Frutiger
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; (L.S.); (R.F.T.); (V.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan;
| | - Morteza Aramesh
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; (L.S.); (R.F.T.); (V.G.); (A.F.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Uppsala University, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu Z, Wang L, Huan X, Lee H, Yang J, Zhou Z, Chen M, Hu S, Liu Y, Feng S, Zhang T, Xu F, Chu Z, Kim JT. On-Demand, Direct Printing of Nanodiamonds at the Quantum Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103598. [PMID: 34939368 PMCID: PMC8844569 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The quantum defects in nanodiamonds, such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, are emerging as a promising candidate for nanoscale sensing and imaging, and the controlled placement with respect to target locations is vital to their practical applications. Unfortunately, this prerequisite continues to suffer from coarse positioning accuracy, low throughput, and process complexity. Here, it is reported on direct, on-demand electrohydrodynamic printing of nanodiamonds containing NV centers with high precision control over quantity and position. After thorough characterizations of the printing conditions, it is shown that the number of printed nanodiamonds can be controlled at will, attaining the single-particle level precision. This printing approach, therefore, enables positioning NV center arrays with a controlled number directly on the universal substrate without any lithographic process. The approach is expected to pave the way toward new horizons not only for experimental quantum physics but also for the practical implementation of such quantum systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Xu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Xiao Huan
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Heekwon Lee
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Jihyuk Yang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Mojun Chen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Shien‐Ping Feng
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
- Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoshikawa T, Liu M, Chang SLY, Kuschnerus IC, Makino Y, Tsurui A, Mahiko T, Nishikawa M. Steric Interaction of Polyglycerol-Functionalized Detonation Nanodiamonds. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:661-669. [PMID: 34985902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds have found numerous potential applications in a diverse array of fields such as biomedical imaging and drug delivery. Here, we systematically characterized non-functionalized and polyglycerol-functionalized detonation nanodiamond particles (DNPs) dispersed in aqueous suspensions at different ionic strengths (∼1.0 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-2 M) via dynamic light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. For these colloidal suspensions, the total potential energies of interactions between a pair of DNPs were theoretically calculated using the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory plus the fitting of the Boltzmann distribution to the interparticle spacing distribution of the colloidal DNPs. These investigations revealed that the non-functionalized DNPs are dispersed in aqueous media through the long-range (>10 nm) and weak (<7 kBT) electrical double-layer repulsive interaction, while the driving force on dispersion of polyglycerol-functionalized DNPs is mostly derived from the short-range (<2 nm) and strong (∼55 kBT) steric repulsive potential barrier generated by the polyglycerol. Moreover, our results show that the truly monodispersed and individually dispersed DNP colloids, forming no aggregates in aqueous suspensions, are available by both functionalizing DNPs by polyglycerol and increasing ionic strength of suspending media to ≳1.0 × 10-2 M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yoshikawa
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| | - Ming Liu
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| | - Shery L Y Chang
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre and School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Inga C Kuschnerus
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre and School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yuto Makino
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tsurui
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Mahiko
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishikawa
- Daicel Corporation, 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mzyk A, Ong Y, Ortiz Moreno AR, Padamati SK, Zhang Y, Reyes-San-Martin CA, Schirhagl R. Diamond Color Centers in Diamonds for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis and Visualization. Anal Chem 2022; 94:225-249. [PMID: 34841868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Mzyk
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 25, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Yori Ong
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ari R Ortiz Moreno
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandeep K Padamati
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yue Zhang
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia A Reyes-San-Martin
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sotoma S, Okita H, Chuma S, Harada Y. Quantum nanodiamonds for sensing of biological quantities: Angle, temperature, and thermal conductivity. Biophys Physicobiol 2022; 19:e190034. [PMID: 36349322 PMCID: PMC9592573 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v19.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring physical quantities in the nanometric region inside single cells is of great importance for understanding cellular activity. Thus, the development of biocompatible, sensitive, and reliable nanobiosensors is essential for progress in biological research. Diamond nanoparticles containing nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs), referred to as fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs), have recently emerged as the sensors that show great promise for ultrasensitive nanosensing of physical quantities. FNDs emit stable fluorescence without photobleaching. Additionally, their distinctive magneto-optical properties enable an optical readout of the quantum states of the electron spin in NVC under ambient conditions. These properties enable the quantitative sensing of physical parameters (temperature, magnetic field, electric field, pH, etc.) in the vicinity of an FND; hence, FNDs are often described as “quantum sensors”. In this review, recent advancements in biosensing applications of FNDs are summarized. First, the principles of orientation and temperature sensing using FND quantum sensors are explained. Next, we introduce surface coating techniques indispensable for controlling the physicochemical properties of FNDs. The achievements of practical biological sensing using surface-coated FNDs, including orientation, temperature, and thermal conductivity, are then highlighted. Finally, the advantages, challenges, and perspectives of the quantum sensing of FND are discussed. This review article is an extended version of the Japanese article, In Situ Measurement of Intracellular Thermal Conductivity Using Diamond Nanoparticle, published in SEIBUTSU BUTSURI Vol. 62, p. 122–124 (2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shunsuke Chuma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
| | - Yoshie Harada
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee JH, Jeon WB, Moon JS, Lee J, Han SW, Bodrog Z, Gali A, Lee SY, Kim JH. Strong Zero-Phonon Transition from Point Defect-Stacking Fault Complexes in Silicon Carbide Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9187-9194. [PMID: 34677068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crystallographic defects such as vacancies and stacking faults engineer electronic band structure at the atomic level and create zero- and two-dimensional quantum structures in crystals. The combination of these point and planar defects can generate a new type of defect complex system. Here, we investigate silicon carbide nanowires that host point defects near stacking faults. These point-planar defect complexes in the nanowire exhibit outstanding optical properties of high-brightness single photons (>360 kcounts/s), a fast recombination time (<1 ns), and a high Debye-Waller factor (>50%). These distinct optical properties of coupled point-planar defects lead to an unusually strong zero-phonon transition, essential for achieving highly efficient quantum interactions between multiple qubits. Our findings can be extended to other defects in various materials and therefore offer a new perspective for engineering defect qubits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Lee
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Bae Jeon
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Moon
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lee
- Center for Quantum Information, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Han
- Center for Quantum Information, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Zoltán Bodrog
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sang-Yun Lee
- Center for Quantum Information, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hyung Kim
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Aprà P, Mino L, Battiato A, Olivero P, Sturari S, Valsania MC, Varzi V, Picollo F. Interaction of Nanodiamonds with Water: Impact of Surface Chemistry on Hydrophilicity, Aggregation and Electrical Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102740. [PMID: 34685181 PMCID: PMC8538990 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, nanodiamonds (NDs) have earned increasing interest in a wide variety of research fields, thanks to their excellent mechanical, chemical, and optical properties, together with the possibility of easily tuning their surface chemistry for the desired purpose. According to the application context, it is essential to acquire an extensive understanding of their interaction with water in terms of hydrophilicity, environmental adsorption, stability in solution, and impact on electrical properties. In this paper, we report on a systematic study of the effects of reducing and oxidizing thermal processes on ND surface water adsorption. Both detonation and milled NDs were analyzed by combining different techniques. Temperature-dependent infrared spectroscopy was employed to study ND surface chemistry and water adsorption, while dynamic light scattering allowed the evaluation of their behavior in solution. The influence of water adsorption on their electrical properties was also investigated and correlated with structural and optical information obtained via Raman/photoluminescence spectroscopy. In general, higher oxygen-containing surfaces exhibited higher hydrophilicity, better stability in solution, and higher electrical conduction, although for the latter the surface graphitic contribution was also crucial. Our results provide in-depth information on the hydrophilicity of NDs in relation to their surface chemical and physical properties, by also evaluating the impacts on their aggregation and electrical conductance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Aprà
- Physics Department, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (P.O.); (S.S.); (V.V.); (F.P.)
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Mino
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alfio Battiato
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Paolo Olivero
- Physics Department, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (P.O.); (S.S.); (V.V.); (F.P.)
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Sofia Sturari
- Physics Department, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (P.O.); (S.S.); (V.V.); (F.P.)
| | - Maria Carmen Valsania
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Veronica Varzi
- Physics Department, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (P.O.); (S.S.); (V.V.); (F.P.)
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Federico Picollo
- Physics Department, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (P.O.); (S.S.); (V.V.); (F.P.)
- “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces” (NIS) Inter-Departmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xu X, Martin ZO, Sychev D, Lagutchev AS, Chen YP, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Shalaev VM, Boltasseva A. Creating Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride Deterministically on Chip-Compatible Substrates. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8182-8189. [PMID: 34606291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) that hosts room-temperature single-photon emitters (SPEs) is promising for quantum information applications. An important step toward the practical application of hBN is the on-demand, position-controlled generation of SPEs. Strategies reported for deterministic creation of hBN SPEs either rely on substrate nanopatterning that is not compatible with integrated photonics or utilize radiation sources that might introduce unpredictable damage or contamination to hBN. Here, we report a radiation- and lithography-free route to deterministically activate hBN SPEs by nanoindentation with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The method applies to hBN flakes on flat silicon dioxide-silicon substrates that can be readily integrated into on-chip photonic devices. The achieved SPE yields are above 30% for multiple indent sizes, and a maximum yield of 36% is demonstrated for indents around 400 nm. Our results mark an important step toward the deterministic creation and integration of hBN SPEs with photonic and plasmonic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Zachariah O Martin
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Demid Sychev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Alexei S Lagutchev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Yong P Chen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Vladimir M Shalaev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang T, Pramanik G, Zhang K, Gulka M, Wang L, Jing J, Xu F, Li Z, Wei Q, Cigler P, Chu Z. Toward Quantitative Bio-sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2077-2107. [PMID: 34038091 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The long-dreamed-of capability of monitoring the molecular machinery in living systems has not been realized yet, mainly due to the technical limitations of current sensing technologies. However, recently emerging quantum sensors are showing great promise for molecular detection and imaging. One of such sensing qubits is the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, a photoluminescent impurity in a diamond lattice with unique room-temperature optical and spin properties. This atomic-sized quantum emitter has the ability to quantitatively measure nanoscale electromagnetic fields via optical means at ambient conditions. Moreover, the unlimited photostability of NV centers, combined with the excellent diamond biocompatibility and the possibility of diamond nanoparticles internalization into the living cells, makes NV-based sensors one of the most promising and versatile platforms for various life-science applications. In this review, we will summarize the latest developments of NV-based quantum sensing with a focus on biomedical applications, including measurements of magnetic biomaterials, intracellular temperature, localized physiological species, action potentials, and electronic and nuclear spins. We will also outline the main unresolved challenges and provide future perspectives of many promising aspects of NV-based bio-sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Goutam Pramanik
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michal Gulka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jixiang Jing
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Perdriat M, Pellet-Mary C, Huillery P, Rondin L, Hétet G. Spin-Mechanics with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and Trapped Particles. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:651. [PMID: 34206001 PMCID: PMC8227763 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the motion of macroscopic oscillators in the quantum regime has been the subject of intense research in recent decades. In this direction, opto-mechanical systems, where the motion of micro-objects is strongly coupled with laser light radiation pressure, have had tremendous success. In particular, the motion of levitating objects can be manipulated at the quantum level thanks to their very high isolation from the environment under ultra-low vacuum conditions. To enter the quantum regime, schemes using single long-lived atomic spins, such as the electronic spin of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, coupled with levitating mechanical oscillators have been proposed. At the single spin level, they offer the formidable prospect of transferring the spins' inherent quantum nature to the oscillators, with foreseeable far-reaching implications in quantum sensing and tests of quantum mechanics. Adding the spin degrees of freedom to the experimentalists' toolbox would enable access to a very rich playground at the crossroads between condensed matter and atomic physics. We review recent experimental work in the field of spin-mechanics that employ the interaction between trapped particles and electronic spins in the solid state and discuss the challenges ahead. Our focus is on the theoretical background close to the current experiments, as well as on the experimental limits, that, once overcome, will enable these systems to unleash their full potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Perdriat
- Laboratoire De Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 24 rue Lhomond, CEDEX 05, 75231 Paris, France; (M.P.); (C.P.-M.); (P.H.)
| | - Clément Pellet-Mary
- Laboratoire De Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 24 rue Lhomond, CEDEX 05, 75231 Paris, France; (M.P.); (C.P.-M.); (P.H.)
| | - Paul Huillery
- Laboratoire De Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 24 rue Lhomond, CEDEX 05, 75231 Paris, France; (M.P.); (C.P.-M.); (P.H.)
| | - Loïc Rondin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, Centrale-Supélec, LuMIn, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Gabriel Hétet
- Laboratoire De Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 24 rue Lhomond, CEDEX 05, 75231 Paris, France; (M.P.); (C.P.-M.); (P.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Remiš T, Bělský P, Kovářík T, Kadlec J, Ghafouri Azar M, Medlín R, Vavruňková V, Deshmukh K, Sadasivuni KK. Study on Structure, Thermal Behavior and Viscoelastic Properties of Nanodiamond-Reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1426. [PMID: 33925200 PMCID: PMC8124898 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, advanced polymer nanocomposites comprising of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanodiamonds (NDs) were developed using a single-step solution-casting method. The properties of the prepared PVA/NDs nanocomposites were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was revealed that the tensile strength improved dramatically with increasing ND content in the PVA matrix, suggesting a strong interaction between the NDs and the PVA. SEM, TEM, and SAXS showed that NDs were present in the form of agglomerates with an average size of ~60 nm with primary particles of diameter ~5 nm. These results showed that NDs could act as a good nanofiller for PVA in terms of improving its stability and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Remiš
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Petr Bělský
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Tomáš Kovářík
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Jaroslav Kadlec
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Mina Ghafouri Azar
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Rostislav Medlín
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Veronika Vavruňková
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | - Kalim Deshmukh
- New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, 306 14 Plzeň, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.K.); (J.K.); (M.G.A.); (R.M.); (V.V.); (K.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Monitoring Dark-State Dynamics of a Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Nanodiamond by Auto-Correlation Spectroscopy: Photonionization and Recharging. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11040979. [PMID: 33920225 PMCID: PMC8070252 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this letter, the photon-induced charge conversion dynamics of a single Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in nanodiamond between two charge states, negative (NV−) and neutral (NV0), is studied by the auto-correlation function. It is observed that the ionization of NV− converts to NV0, which is regarded as the dark state of the NV−, leading to fluorescence intermittency in single NV centers. A new method, based on the auto-correlation calculation of the time-course fluorescence intensity from NV centers, was developed to quantify the transition kinetics and yielded the calculation of transition rates from NV− to NV0 (ionization) and from NV0 to NV− (recharging). Based on our experimental investigation, we found that the NV−-NV0 transition is wavelength-dependent, and more frequent transitions were observed when short-wavelength illumination was used. From the analysis of the auto-correlation curve, it is found that the transition time of NV− to NV0 (ionization) is around 0.1 μs, but the transition time of NV0 to NV− (recharging) is around 20 ms. Power-dependent measurements reveal that the ionization rate increases linearly with the laser power, while the recharging rate has a quadratic increase with the laser power. This difference suggests that the ionization in the NV center is a one-photon process, while the recharging of NV0 to NV− is a two-photon process. This work, which offers theoretical and experimental explanations of the emission property of a single NV center, is expected to help the utilization of the NV center for quantum information science, quantum communication, and quantum bioimaging.
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen Y, Xu X, Li C, Bendavid A, Westerhausen MT, Bradac C, Toth M, Aharonovich I, Tran TT. Bottom-Up Synthesis of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles with Intensity-Stabilized Quantum Emitters. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008062. [PMID: 33733581 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles are widely utilized in a large range of nanoscale imaging and sensing applications. While ultra-small nanoparticles (size ≤10 nm) are highly desirable, at this size range, their photostability can be compromised due to effects such as intensity fluctuation and spectral diffusion caused by interaction with surface states. In this article, a facile, bottom-up technique for the fabrication of sub-10-nm hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles hosting photostable bright emitters via a catalyst-free hydrothermal reaction between boric acid and melamine is demonstrated. A simple stabilization protocol that significantly reduces intensity fluctuation by ≈85% and narrows the emission linewidth by ≈14% by employing a common sol-gel silica coating process is also implemented. This study advances a promising strategy for the scalable, bottom-up synthesis of high-quality quantum emitters in hBN nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Chen
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Chi Li
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Avi Bendavid
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
| | - Mika T Westerhausen
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Carlo Bradac
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Milos Toth
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Toan Trong Tran
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Silk Fibroin Coated Magnesium Oxide Nanospheres: A Biocompatible and Biodegradable Tool for Noninvasive Bioimaging Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030695. [PMID: 33802102 PMCID: PMC7998877 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly studied as contrast agents for better understanding of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. However, their use as bioimaging tools is strongly dependent on their optical emission as well as their biocompatibility. This work reports the fabrication and characterization of silk fibroin (SF) coated magnesium oxide (MgO) nanospheres, containing oxygen, Cr3+ and V2+ related optical defects, as a nontoxic and biodegradable hybrid platform for bioimaging applications. The MgO-SF spheres demonstrated enhanced emission efficiency compared to noncoated MgO NPs. Furthermore, SF sphere coating was found to overcome agglomeration limitations of the MgO NPs. The hybrid nanospheres were investigated as an in vitro bioimaging tool by recording their cellular uptake, trajectories, and mobility in human skin keratinocytes cells (HaCaT), human glioma cells (U87MG) and breast cancer cells (MCF7). Enhanced cellular uptake and improved intracellular mobilities of MgO-SF spheres compared to MgO NPs was demonstrated in three different cell lines. Validated infrared and bright emission of MgO-SF NP indicate their prospects for in vivo imaging. The results identify the potential of the hybrid MgO-SF nanospheres for bioimaging. This study may also open new avenues to optimize drug delivery through biodegradable silk and provide noninvasive functional imaging feedback on the therapeutic processes through fluorescent MgO.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang H, Wang X, Yu HB, Douglas JF. Fast dynamics in a model metallic glass-forming material. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084505. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0039162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hai-Bin Yu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Material Measurement Laboratory, Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo H, Gao Y, Qin Y, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Li Z, Wen H, Tang J, Ma Z, Li Y, Liu J. NV center pumped and enhanced by nanowire ring resonator laser to integrate a 10 μm-scale spin-based sensor structure. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:055502. [PMID: 33065555 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc20b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a 10 μm-scale spin-based sensor structure, which mainly consists of a nanowire (NW) ring resonator laser, nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in a nanodiamond (ND) and a microwave (MW) antenna. The NW laser was bent into a ring with a gap to pump the NV defects in the ND which was assembled in the gap with the diameter of ∼8 μm. And the fluorescent light of NV defects was enhanced by the NW ring resonator about 8 times. Furthermore, the NW laser pulse was produced by the optical switch and a simple plus-sequences was designed to get the Rabi oscillation signal. Based on the Rabi oscillation, a Ramsey-type sequence was used to detect the magnetic field with the sensitivity of 83 nT √Hz-1 for our 10 μm-scale spin-based sensor structure. It proves the spin state in our structure allows for coherent spin manipulation for more complex quantum control schemes. And our structure fulfills the fundamental requirements to develop chip-scale spin-based sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongmin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement. School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dolmatov VY, Ozerin AN, Kulakova II, Bochechka OO, Lapchuk NM, Myllymäki V, Vehanen A. Detonation nanodiamonds: new aspects in the theory and practice of synthesis, properties and applications. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
37
|
|
38
|
Sow M, Steuer H, Adekanye S, Ginés L, Mandal S, Gilboa B, Williams OA, Smith JM, Kapanidis AN. High-throughput nitrogen-vacancy center imaging for nanodiamond photophysical characterization and pH nanosensing. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21821-21831. [PMID: 33103692 PMCID: PMC8329943 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05931e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescent nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond has remarkable photophysical properties, including high photostability which allows stable fluorescence emission for hours; as a result, there has been much interest in using nanodiamonds (NDs) for applications in quantum optics and biological imaging. Such applications have been limited by the heterogeneity of NDs and our limited understanding of NV photophysics in NDs, which is partially due to the lack of sensitive and high-throughput methods for photophysical analysis of NDs. Here, we report a systematic analysis of NDs using two-color wide-field epifluorescence imaging coupled to high-throughput single-particle detection of single NVs in NDs with sizes down to 5-10 nm. By using fluorescence intensity ratios, we observe directly the charge conversion of single NV center (NV- or NV0) and measure the lifetimes of different NV charge states in NDs. We also show that we can use changes in pH to control the main NV charge states in a direct and reversible fashion, a discovery that paves the way for performing pH nanosensing with a non-photobleachable probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maabur Sow
- Biological Physics Research Group, Department of Physics, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3PUUK
| | - Horst Steuer
- Biological Physics Research Group, Department of Physics, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3PUUK
| | - Sanmi Adekanye
- Department of Materials, University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX1 3PHUK
| | - Laia Ginés
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF24 3AAUK
| | - Soumen Mandal
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF24 3AAUK
| | - Barak Gilboa
- Biological Physics Research Group, Department of Physics, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3PUUK
| | | | - Jason M. Smith
- Department of Materials, University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX1 3PHUK
| | - Achillefs N. Kapanidis
- Biological Physics Research Group, Department of Physics, University of OxfordOxford OX1 3PUUK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Segawa TF, Shames AI. How to Identify, Attribute, and Quantify Triplet Defects in Ensembles of Small Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7438-7442. [PMID: 32787299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing negatively charged triplet (having an electron spin S = 1) nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers are an extraordinary room-temperature quantum system, whose electron spins may be polarized and read out optically even in a single nanocrystal. In this Viewpoint we promote a simple but reliable method to identify, attribute, and quantify these triplet defects in a polycrystalline sample using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The characterization relies on a specific "forbidden" transition ("ΔMS = 2"), which appears at about half the central magnetic field and shows a remarkably small anisotropy. In particular, we emphasize that this method is by far not limited to NV- centers in diamond but could become an important characterization tool for novel triplet defects in various types of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya F Segawa
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander I Shames
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abdullahi IM, Langenderfer M, Shenderova O, Nunn N, Torelli MD, Johnson C, Mochalin VN. Explosive Fragmentation of Luminescent Diamond Particles. CARBON 2020; 164:442-450. [PMID: 32863395 PMCID: PMC7451206 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Development of efficient and cost-effective mass-production techniques for size reduction of high- pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) diamonds with sizes from tens to hundreds of micrometers remains one of the primary goals towards commercial production of fluorescent submicron and nanodiamond (fND). fNDs offer great advantages for many applications, especially in labelling, tracing, and biomedical imaging, owing to their brightness, exceptional photostability, mechanical robustness and intrinsic biocompatibility. This study proposes a novel processing method utilizing explosive fragmentation that can potentially be used for the fabrication of submicron to nanoscale size fluorescent diamond particles. In the proposed method, synthetic HPHT 20 pm and 150 pm microcystalline diamond particles containing color centers are rapidly fragmented in conditions of high explosive detonation. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy show that the detonation fragmented diamond particles consist of good quality submicron diamonds of ~420-800 nm in size, while fluorescence spectroscopy shows photoluminescence spectra with noticeable changes for large (150 μm) starting microcrystalline diamond particles, and no significant changes in photoluminescence properties for smaller (20 μm) starting microcrystalline diamond particles. The proposed detonation method shows potential as an efficient, cost effective, and industrially scalable alternative to milling for the fragmentation of fluorescent diamond microcrystals into submicron- to nano-size domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Langenderfer
- Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Nunn
- Adàmas Nanotechnologies, Inc., Raleigh, NC 27613, USA
| | | | - Catherine Johnson
- Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Vadym N. Mochalin
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science & Technology, MO 65409, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, MO 65409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Basso L, Sacco M, Bazzanella N, Cazzanelli M, Barge A, Orlandi M, Bifone A, Miotello A. Laser-Synthesis of NV-Centers-Enriched Nanodiamonds: Effect of Different Nitrogen Sources. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11060579. [PMID: 32527055 PMCID: PMC7344492 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the large number of possible applications in quantum technology fields—especially regarding quantum sensing—of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs), research on a cheap, scalable and effective NDs synthesis technique has acquired an increasing interest. Standard production methods, such as detonation and grinding, require multistep post-synthesis processes and do not allow precise control in the size and fluorescence intensity of NDs. For this reason, a different approach consisting of pulsed laser ablation of carbon precursors has recently been proposed. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis of NV-fluorescent NDs through pulsed laser ablation of an N-doped graphite target. The obtained NDs are fully characterized in the morphological and optical properties, in particular with optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy to unequivocally prove the NV origin of the NDs photoluminescence. Moreover, to compare the different fluorescent NDs laser-ablation-based synthesis techniques recently developed, we report an analysis of the effect of the medium in which laser ablation of graphite is performed. Along with it, thermodynamic aspects of the physical processes occurring during laser irradiation are analyzed. Finally, we show that the use of properly N-doped graphite as a target for laser ablation can lead to precise control in the number of NV centers in the produced NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Basso
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; (N.B.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (A.M.)
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirko Sacco
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Nicola Bazzanella
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; (N.B.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (A.M.)
| | - Massimo Cazzanelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; (N.B.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Michele Orlandi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; (N.B.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (A.M.)
| | - Angelo Bifone
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Miotello
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; (N.B.); (M.C.); (M.O.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Barbiero M, Castelletto S, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Charnley M, Russell S, Gu M. Nanoscale magnetic imaging enabled by nitrogen vacancy centres in nanodiamonds labelled by iron-oxide nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8847-8857. [PMID: 32254877 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10701k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing the nitrogen vacancy centre (NV) have a significant role in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and as biomarkers in fluorescence imaging, due to their photo-stability and biocompatibility. The optical read out of the NV unpaired electron spin has been used in diamond magnetometry to image living cells and magnetically labelled cells. Diamond magnetometry is mostly based on the use of bulk diamond with a large concentration of NV centres in a wide field fluorescence microscope equipped with microwave excitation. It is possible to correlate the fluorescence maps with the magnetic field maps of magnetically labelled cells with diffraction limit resolution. Nanodiamonds have not as yet been implemented to image magnetic fields within complex biological systems at the nanometre scale. Here we demonstrate the suitability of nanodiamonds to correlate the fluorescence map with the magnetic imaging map of magnetically labelled cells. Nanoscale optical images with 17 nm resolution of nanodiamonds labelling fixed cells bound to iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles are demonstrated by using a single molecule localisation microscope. Nanoscale magnetic field images of the magnetised magnetic nanoparticles spatially assigned to individual cells are superresolved by the NV centres within nanodiamonds conjugated with the magnetic nanoparticles with 20 nm resolutions. Our method offers a new platform for the super-resolution of optical magnetic imaging in biological samples conjugated with nanodiamonds and iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Barbiero
- Laboratory of Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Morita A, Hamoh T, Perona Martinez FP, Chipaux M, Sigaeva A, Mignon C, van der Laan KJ, Hochstetter A, Schirhagl R. The Fate of Lipid-Coated and Uncoated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds during Cell Division in Yeast. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030516. [PMID: 32178407 PMCID: PMC7153471 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds are frequently used as biolabels. They have also recently been established for magnetic resonance and temperature sensing at the nanoscale level. To properly use them in cell biology, we first have to understand their intracellular fate. Here, we investigated, for the first time, what happens to diamond particles during and after cell division in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells. More concretely, our goal was to answer the question of whether nanodiamonds remain in the mother cells or end up in the daughter cells. Yeast cells are widely used as a model organism in aging and biotechnology research, and they are particularly interesting because their asymmetric cell division leads to morphologically different mother and daughter cells. Although yeast cells have a mechanism to prevent potentially harmful substances from entering the daughter cells, we found an increased number of diamond particles in daughter cells. Additionally, we found substantial excretion of particles, which has not been reported for mammalian cells. We also investigated what types of movement diamond particles undergo in the cells. Finally, we also compared bare nanodiamonds with lipid-coated diamonds, and there were no significant differences in respect to either movement or intracellular fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Morita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Thamir Hamoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Felipe P. Perona Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Mayeul Chipaux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Alina Sigaeva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Charles Mignon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Kiran J. van der Laan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Axel Hochstetter
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK;
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (F.P.P.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (K.J.v.d.L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Beke D, Valenta J, Károlyházy G, Lenk S, Czigány Z, Márkus BG, Kamarás K, Simon F, Gali A. Room-Temperature Defect Qubits in Ultrasmall Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1675-1681. [PMID: 32040330 PMCID: PMC7307950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent quest for room-temperature qubits in nanometer-sized, ultrasmall nanocrystals for quantum biosensing, hyperpolarization of biomolecules, and quantum information processing. Thus far, the preparation of such qubits at the nanoscale has remained futile. Here, we present a synthesis method that avoids any interaction of the solid with high-energy particles and uses self-propagated high-temperature synthesis with a subsequent electrochemical method, the no-photon exciton generation chemistry to produce room-temperature qubits in ultrasmall nanocrystals of sizes down to 3 nm with high yield. We first create the host silicon carbide (SiC) crystallites by high-temperature synthesis and then apply wet chemical etching, which results in ultrasmall SiC nanocrystals and facilitates the creation of thermally stable defect qubits in the material. We demonstrate room-temperature optically detected magnetic resonance signal of divacancy qubits with 3.5% contrast from these nanoparticles with emission wavelengths falling in the second biological window (1000-1380 nm). These results constitute the formation of nonperturbative bioagents for quantum sensing and efficient hyperpolarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Beke
- Institute
for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO. Box 49, Budapest H-1525, Hungary
- Department
of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Jan Valenta
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Chemical Physics & Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 12116, Czechia
| | - Gyula Károlyházy
- Institute
for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO. Box 49, Budapest H-1525, Hungary
| | - Sándor Lenk
- Department
of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Czigány
- Institute
for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege M. út 29-33, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
| | - Bence Gábor Márkus
- Department
of Physics, Budapest University of Technology
and Economics and MTA-BME Lendület Spintronics Research Group
(PROSPIN), Budafoki út
8, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kamarás
- Institute
for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO. Box 49, Budapest H-1525, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Simon
- Department
of Physics, Budapest University of Technology
and Economics and MTA-BME Lendület Spintronics Research Group
(PROSPIN), Budafoki út
8, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Adam Gali
- Institute
for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO. Box 49, Budapest H-1525, Hungary
- Department
of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Single-particle spectroscopy for functional nanomaterials. Nature 2020; 579:41-50. [PMID: 32132689 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous progress in nanotechnology has enabled advances in the use of luminescent nanomaterials in imaging, sensing and photonic devices. This translational process relies on controlling the photophysical properties of the building block, that is, single luminescent nanoparticles. In this Review, we highlight the importance of single-particle spectroscopy in revealing the diverse optical properties and functionalities of nanomaterials, and compare it with ensemble fluorescence spectroscopy. The information provided by this technique has guided materials science in tailoring the synthesis of nanomaterials to achieve optical uniformity and to develop novel applications. We discuss the opportunities and challenges that arise from pushing the resolution limit, integrating measurement and manipulation modalities, and establishing the relationship between the structure and functionality of single nanoparticles.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ali H, Ghosh S, Jana NR. Fluorescent carbon dots as intracellular imaging probes. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1617. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haydar Ali
- School of Materials Science Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata India
| | - Santu Ghosh
- School of Materials Science Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata India
| | - Nikhil R. Jana
- School of Materials Science Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fluorescence and Physico-Chemical Properties of Hydrogenated Detonation Nanodiamonds. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/c6010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds are of great interest for emerging applications in areas from biology and medicine to lubrication. Here, we compare the two main hydrogenation techniques—annealing in hydrogen and plasma-assisted hydrogenation—for the creation of detonation nanodiamonds with a hydrogen terminated surface from the same starting material. Synchrotron-based soft X-ray spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy were employed to quantify diamond and non-diamond carbon contents and determine the surface chemistries of all samples. Dynamic light scattering was used to study the particles’ colloidal properties in water. For the first time, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy analysis at temperatures from room temperature down to 10 K was performed to investigate the particles’ fluorescence properties. Our results show that both hydrogenation techniques produce hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds with overall similar physico-chemical and fluorescence properties.
Collapse
|
48
|
Terada D, Genjo T, Segawa TF, Igarashi R, Shirakawa M. Nanodiamonds for bioapplications–specific targeting strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
49
|
Bradac C, Gao W, Forneris J, Trusheim ME, Aharonovich I. Quantum nanophotonics with group IV defects in diamond. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5625. [PMID: 31819050 PMCID: PMC6901484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond photonics is an ever-growing field of research driven by the prospects of harnessing diamond and its colour centres as suitable hardware for solid-state quantum applications. The last two decades have seen the field shaped by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre with both breakthrough fundamental physics demonstrations and practical realizations. Recently however, an entire suite of other diamond defects has emerged-group IV colour centres-namely the Si-, Ge-, Sn- and Pb-vacancies. In this perspective, we highlight the leading techniques for engineering and characterizing these diamond defects, discuss the current state-of-the-art group IV-based devices and provide an outlook of the future directions the field is taking towards the realisation of solid-state quantum photonics with diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bradac
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jacopo Forneris
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Matthew E Trusheim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chakraborty C, Thompson S, Lyons VJ, Snoeyink C, Pappas D. Modulation and study of photoblinking behavior in dye doped silver-silica core-shell nanoparticles for localization super-resolution microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:455704. [PMID: 31357181 PMCID: PMC7278086 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab368d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blinking of fluorescent nanoparticles is a compelling phenomenon with widely debated mechanisms. The ability to inhibit or control blinking is important for applications in the field of optical, semiconductor and fluorescent imaging. Self-blinking nanomaterials are also attractive labels for localization-based super-resolution microscopy. In this work, we have synthesized silver core silica nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2) doped with Rhodamine 110 and studied the parameters that affect blinking. We found that under nitrogen rich conditions the nanoparticles shifted towards higher duty cycles. Also, it was found that hydrated nanoparticles showed a less drastic response to nitrogen rich conditions as compared to dried nanoparticles, indicating that surrounding matrix played a role in the response of nanoparticles to molecular oxygen. Further, the blinking is not a multi-body phenomena, super-resolution localization combined with intensity histogram analysis confirmed that single particles are emitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chumki Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - S Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Veronica J Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
| | - Craig Snoeyink
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|