1
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Heo JW, Oh DH, Xia Q, Kim MS, Kim YS. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles-capped aminated lignin as a robust active catalyst for dye discoloration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133211. [PMID: 38909738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Considering the severity of global environmental issues, biomass-derived products have received significant attention as alternatives to foster sustainability and eco-friendliness. The use of metal nanoparticle catalysts for dye decomposition is emerging as a promising approach for environmentally friendly dye removal. In this study, an aminosilane-modified lignin (AML)/silver nanoparticle (AgNP) composite was fabricated and used as a hydrogenation catalyst. The AgNPs were well dispersed on the AML surface and formed strong bonds within the AML/AgNP complex. AML also served as an effective reducing and capping agent for Ag(I) ions. The AML/AgNPs were found to be an efficient catalyst with excellent dye degradation ability and easy reusability. Biomass-derived lignin can be used as a reducing and capping agent for metals and this complex can be used as a high-value bio-catalyst for wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Heo
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hun Oh
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian Xia
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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2
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May N, Baumann W, Hauser M, Yin Z, Geigle KP, Stapf D. Degradation and Recondensation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Laminar Premixed Flames. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1047. [PMID: 38921923 PMCID: PMC11206552 DOI: 10.3390/nano14121047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The behavior of technical nanoparticles at high temperatures was measured systematically to detect morphology changes under conditions relevant to the thermal treatment of end-of-life products containing engineered nanomaterials. The focus of this paper is on laboratory experiments, where we used a Bunsen-type burner to add titania and ceria particles to a laminar premixed flame. To evaluate the influence of temperature on particle size distributions, we used SMPS, ELPI and TEM analyses. To measure the temperature profile of the flame, we used coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). The comprehensible data records show high temperatures by measurement and equilibrium calculation for different stoichiometries and argon admixtures. With this, we show that all technical metal oxide nanoparticle agglomerates investigated reform in flames at high temperatures. The originally large agglomerates of titania and ceria build very small nanoparticles (<10 nm/"peak 2") at starting temperatures of <2200 K and <1475 K, respectively (ceria: Tmelt = 2773 K, Tboil = 3873 K/titania: Tmelt = 2116 K, Tboil = 3245 K). Since the maximum flame temperatures are below the evaporation temperature of titania and ceria, enhanced vaporization of titania and ceria in the chemically reacting flame is assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine May
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (W.B.); (M.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Werner Baumann
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (W.B.); (M.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Manuela Hauser
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (W.B.); (M.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Zhiyao Yin
- Institute of Combustion Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Z.Y.); (K.P.G.)
| | - Klaus Peter Geigle
- Institute of Combustion Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Z.Y.); (K.P.G.)
| | - Dieter Stapf
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (W.B.); (M.H.); (D.S.)
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3
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Zhao C, Yang L, Sun Y, Chen C, Huang Z, Yang Q, Yun J, Habib A, Liu G, Zheng M, Jiang G. Atmospheric emissions of hexachlorobutadiene in fine particulate matter from industrial sources. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4737. [PMID: 38834556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) is a concerning chemical that is included in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Stockholm Convention. Knowledge of the sources of HCBD is insufficient and is pivotal for accurate inventory and implementing global action. In this study, unintentional HCBD release and source emission factors of 121 full-scale industrial plants from 12 industries are investigated. Secondary copper smelting, electric arc furnace steelmaking, and hazardous waste incineration show potential for large emission reductions, which are found of high HCBD emission concentrations of > 20 ng/g in fine particulate matter in this study. The highest HCBD emission concentration is observed for the secondary copper smelting industry (average: 1380 ng/g). Source emission factors of HCBD for the 12 industries range from 0.008 kg/t for coal fire power plants to 0.680 kg/t for secondary lead smelting, from which an estimation of approximately 8452.8 g HCBD emissions annually worldwide achieved. The carcinogenic risks caused by HCBD emissions from countries and regions with intensive 12 industrial sources are 1.0-80 times higher than that without these industries. These results will be useful for formulating effective strategies of HCBD control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zichun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghui Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Minghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wohlleben W, Bossa N, Mitrano DM, Scott K. Everything falls apart: How solids degrade and release nanomaterials, composite fragments, and microplastics. NANOIMPACT 2024; 34:100510. [PMID: 38759729 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
To ensure the safe use of materials, one must assess the identity and quantity of exposure. Solid materials, such as plastics, metals, coatings and cements, degrade to some extent during their life cycle, and releases can occur during manufacturing, use and end-of-life. Releases (e.g., what is released, how does release happen, and how much material is released) depend on the composition and internal (nano)structures of the material as well as the applied stresses during the lifecycle. We consider, in some depth, releases from mechanical, weathering and thermal stresses and specifically address the use cases of fused-filament 3D printing, dermal contact, food contact and textile washing. Solid materials can release embedded nanomaterials, composite fragments, or micro- and nanoplastics, as well as volatile organics, ions and dissolved organics. The identity of the release is often a heterogenous mixture and requires adapted strategies for sampling and analysis, with suitable quality control measures. Control materials enhance robustness by enabling comparative testing, but reference materials are not always available as yet. The quantity of releases is typically described by time-dependent rates that are modulated by the nature and intensity of the applied stress, the chemical identity of the polymer or other solid matrix, and the chemical identity and compatibility of embedded engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) or other additives. Standardization of methods and the documentation of metadata, including all the above descriptors of the tested material, applied stresses, sampling and analytics, are identified as important needs to advance the field and to generate robust, comparable assessments. In this regard, there are strong methodological synergies between the study of all solid materials, including the study of micro- and nanoplastics. From an outlook perspective, we review the hazard of the released entities, and show how this informs risk assessment. We also address the transfer of methods to related issues such as tyre wear, advanced materials and advanced manufacturing, biodegradable polymers, and non-solid matrices. As the consideration of released entities will become more routine in industry via lifecycle assessment in Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design practices, release assessments will require careful design of the study with quality controls, the use of agreed-on test materials and standardized methods where these exist and the adoption of clearly defined data reporting practices that enable data reuse, meta-analyses, and comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendel Wohlleben
- BASF SE, Dept. of Analytical and Materials Science, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - Nathan Bossa
- TEMAS Solutions GmbH, Lätterweg 5, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Denise M Mitrano
- Environmental Systems Science Department, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Keana Scott
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS-8372, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
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5
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Ma W, Cui J, Abdoulaye B, Wang Y, Du H, Bourtsalas AC, Chen G. Air Pollutant Emission Inventory of Waste-to-Energy Plants in China and Prediction by the Artificial Neural Network Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:874-883. [PMID: 36172640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The waste-to-energy (WTE) plant has been deployed in 205 cities in China. However, it always faces public resistance to be built because of the great concerns on flue gas pollutants (FGPs). There are limited studies on the socioeconomic heterogeneity analysis and prediction models of WTE capacity/ FGP emission inventories (EIs) based on big data. In this study, the incinerator level emission factors (EFs) in 2020 of PM, SO2, NOx, CO, HCl, dioxins, Hg, Cd + Tl, and Sb + As+ Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni were calculated based on 322,926 monitoring values of all the 481 WTE plants (1140 processing lines) operating in China, with uncertainties in the range of ±34.70%. The EFs were significantly 45-96% lower than the national standard (GB18485-2014) and had negative relationships with local socioeconomic elements, while WTE capacity and FGP EIs had significantly positive correlations. Gross domestic product, area of built district, and municipal solid waste generation were the main driving forces of WTE capacity. The WTE capacity increased by 150% from 2015 to 2020, while the total emission of PM, SO2, CO, dioxins, Hg, and Sb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni decreased by 42.46-88.24%. The artificial neural network models were established to predict WTE capacity and FGP EIs in the city level, with the mean square errors ranging from 0.003 to 0.19 within the model validation limits. This study provides data and model support for the formulation of appropriate WTE plans and a pollutant emission control scheme in different economic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (MoE)/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass-wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Earth Engineering Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jicui Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (MoE)/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass-wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Boré Abdoulaye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (MoE)/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass-wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (MoE)/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass-wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huibin Du
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (MoE)/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass-wastes Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, China
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6
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Tabasi E, Vafa N, Firoozabadi B, Salmankhani A, Nouranian S, Habibzadeh S, Mashhadzadeh AH, Spitas C, Saeb MR. Ion rejection performances of functionalized porous graphene nanomembranes for wastewater purification: A molecular dynamics simulation study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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A critical review on extraction of valuable metals from solid waste. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Niu Y, Wen L, Guo X, Hui S. Co-disposal and reutilization of municipal solid waste and its hazardous incineration fly ash. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 166:107346. [PMID: 35724538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared to landfill, MSW incineration (MSWI) not only eliminates its innate secondary pollution and land occupation, but also yields a net emission reduction. Regretfully, MSWI produces hazardous incineration fly ash (IFA) enriched with potentially toxic elements and dioxins. Given these, a harmless integrated scenario of co-disposal and resource reutilization of MSW and its hazardous IFA is proposed and subjected to technical and economic analysis. It introduces an IFA melting furnace, as an onsite modular integration, which serves as a bridge between the MSW incinerator and the commercial rock wool production line. The incinerator burns MSW for heating and electricity supply. The melting furnace further burns out the highly toxic dioxins adsorbed on IFA, as well as solidifying the potentially toxic elements into the molten slag, which substitutes for basalt as raw materials used for high value-added rock wool production. That achieves collaborative reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and resource reutilization of MSW as an energy source, and its IFA as energy-saving materials, as well as a net carbon emission reduction and high economicbenefits. Even more exciting, as opposed to the serious losses of the other existing scenarios, it is profitable even without the feed-in tariff and fiscal subsidy, both that are the dominating income source of other scenarios including conventional MSWI & IFA landfill and demonstration MSWI with IFA melting & landfill. Discounted Cash Flow technique shows that the profit is ∼ 9.2 RMB per ton of MSW, and it increases with insulation price, feed-in tariff, and fiscal subsidy. With the feed-in tariff and fiscal subsidy, the existing two scenarios and the proposed harmless integrated scenario can produce revenue of 103.8, 98.1-110.5, and 145.0 RMB per ton of MSW, respectively. Nonetheless, several challenges are posed for future industrial applications, such as liquid slag discharge, unstable combustion and possible environmental issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
| | - Liping Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Shi'en Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
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9
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Ali MU, Liu Y, Yousaf B, Wong MH, Li P, Liu G, Wang R, Wei Y, Lu M. Morphochemical investigation on the enrichment and transformation of hazardous elements in ash from waste incineration plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154490. [PMID: 35302034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of heavy metals in ash from waste incineration plants is significant for ash management. The migration behavior of trace elements in ash after combustion, semidry deacidification, fabric filtration, and chelating agent stabilization was investigated from one waste incineration plant. The hazardous elements Zn, Pb, and As were enriched in raw fly ash (ash produced at a combustion temperature of 850-1100 °C) due to their relatively high volatility. Mercury, Cd, and Pb were captured in fly ash2 and processed by activated carbon and fabric filters. The removal rate of As (71%) was the highest among all studied elements due to a large amount of quinquevalent As removed. However, the average removal rate of elements in fly ash was only 13%. In the finally obtained fly ash3 (after chelating agent stabilization), a larger particle size (~100 μm) was found than that of raw ash. Furthermore, fly ash3 contains HgSO4 and trivalent As, which are toxic and likely to be precipitated when the fly ash3 is next utilized or deposited in a landfill, causing environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ubaid Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ruwei Wang
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Muyuan Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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10
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Stockschläder J, Quicker P, Baumann W, Wexler M, Stapf D, Beckmann M, Thiel C, Hoppe H. Thermal treatment of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers (Part 2: Energy recovery and feedstock recycling). WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:685-697. [PMID: 34387139 PMCID: PMC9016680 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211038192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of carbon fibre (CF)-reinforced plastics has grown significantly in recent years, and new areas of application have been and are being developed. As a result, the amount of non-recyclable waste containing CF is also rising. There are currently no treatment methods for this type of waste. Within this project different approaches for the treatment of waste containing CF were investigated. Main subject of the research project were large-scale investigations on treatment possibilities and limits of waste containing CF in high temperature processes, with focus on the investigation of process-specific residues and possible fibre emission. The results showed that the two conventional thermal waste treatment concepts with grate and rotary kiln firing systems are not suitable for a complete oxidation of CFs due to the insufficient process conditions (temperature and dwell time). The CFs were mainly discharged via the bottom ash/slag. Due to the partial decomposition during thermal treatment, World Health Organization (WHO) fibres occurred in low concentrations. The tests run in the cement kiln plant have shown the necessity of comminution for waste containing CF. With respect to the short testing times and moderate quantities of inserted CF, a final evaluation of the suitability of this disposal path was not possible. The use of specially processed waste containing CF (carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) pellets) as a carbon substitute in calcium carbide production led to high carbon conversion rates. In the unburned furnace dust, which is marketed as a by-product of the process, CFs in relevant quantities could be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Quicker
- Unit Technologies of Fuels, RWTH Aachen
University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Dieter Stapf
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,
Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Beckmann
- Institute of Process Engineering and
Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christopher Thiel
- Institute of Process Engineering and
Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Helmut Hoppe
- Research Institute of the Cement
Industry, VDZ Technology gGmbH, Duesseldorf, Germany
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11
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Li J, Chen C, Xia T. Understanding Nanomaterial-Liver Interactions to Facilitate the Development of Safer Nanoapplications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106456. [PMID: 35029313 PMCID: PMC9040585 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in commercial and medical products, such as cosmetics, vaccines, and drug carriers. Exposure to NMs via various routes such as dermal, inhalation, and ingestion has been shown to gain access to the systemic circulation, resulting in the accumulation of NMs in the liver. The unique organ structures and blood flow features facilitate the liver sequestration of NMs, which may cause adverse effects in the liver. Currently, most in vivo studies are focused on NMs accumulation at the organ level and evaluation of the gross changes in liver structure and functions, however, cell-type-specific uptake and responses, as well as the molecular mechanisms at cellular levels leading to effects at organ levels are lagging. Herein, the authors systematically review diverse interactions of NMs with the liver, specifically on major liver cell types including Kupffer cells (KCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and hepatocytes as well as the detailed molecular mechanisms involved. In addition, the knowledge gained on nano-liver interactions that can facilitate the development of safer nanoproducts and nanomedicine is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tian Xia
- Center of Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), California NanoSystems Institute, Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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12
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Cazzagon V, Giubilato E, Pizzol L, Ravagli C, Doumett S, Baldi G, Blosi M, Brunelli A, Fito C, Huertas F, Marcomini A, Semenzin E, Zabeo A, Zanoni I, Hristozov D. Occupational risk of nano-biomaterials: Assessment of nano-enabled magnetite contrast agent using the BIORIMA Decision Support System. NANOIMPACT 2022; 25:100373. [PMID: 35559879 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the safety of nano-biomedical products for patients is an essential prerequisite for their market authorization. However, it is also required to ensure the safety of the workers who may be unintentionally exposed to the nano-biomaterials (NBMs) in these medical applications during their synthesis, formulation into products and end-of-life processing and also of the medical professionals (e.g., nurses, doctors, dentists) using the products for treating patients. There is only a handful of workplace risk assessments focussing on NBMs used in medical applications. Our goal is to contribute to increasing the knowledge in this area by assessing the occupational risks of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles coated with PLGA-b-PEG-COOH used as contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by applying the software-based Decision Support System (DSS) which was developed in the EU H2020 project BIORIMA. The occupational risk assessment was performed according to regulatory requirements and using state-of-the-art models for hazard and exposure assessment, which are part of the DSS. Exposure scenarios for each life cycle stage were developed using data from literature, inputs from partnering industries and results of a questionnaire distributed to healthcare professionals, i.e., physicians, nurses, technicians working with contrast agents for MRI. Exposure concentrations were obtained either from predictive exposure models or monitoring campaigns designed specifically for this study. Derived No-Effect Levels (DNELs) were calculated by means of the APROBA tool starting from in vivo hazard data from literature. The exposure estimates/measurements and the DNELs were used to perform probabilistic risk characterisation for the formulated exposure scenarios, including uncertainty analysis. The obtained results revealed negligible risks for workers along the life cycle of magnetite NBMs used as contrast agent for the diagnosis of tumour cells in all exposure scenarios except in one when risk is considered acceptable after the adoption of specific risk management measures. The study also demonstrated the added value of using the BIORIMA DSS for quantification and communication of occupational risks of nano-biomedical applications and the associated uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cazzagon
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - E Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy; GreenDecision S.r.l., 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy.
| | - L Pizzol
- GreenDecision S.r.l., 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - C Ravagli
- COLOROBBIA CONSULTING S.r.l., Ce.Ri.Col. Centro Ricerche Colorobbia, Via Pietramarina, 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci (FI), Italy
| | - S Doumett
- COLOROBBIA CONSULTING S.r.l., Ce.Ri.Col. Centro Ricerche Colorobbia, Via Pietramarina, 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci (FI), Italy
| | - G Baldi
- COLOROBBIA CONSULTING S.r.l., Ce.Ri.Col. Centro Ricerche Colorobbia, Via Pietramarina, 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci (FI), Italy
| | - M Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - A Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - C Fito
- ITENE, C/ Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Huertas
- ITENE, C/ Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - E Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - A Zabeo
- GreenDecision S.r.l., 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - I Zanoni
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - D Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy.
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Ajewole TO, Elehinafe FB, Okedere OB, Somefun TE. Agro-residues for clean electricity: A thermo-property characterization of cocoa and kolanut waste blends. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08055. [PMID: 34622061 PMCID: PMC8479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Huge quantities of harvest wastes that are generated from agricultural practices at every farming season in Nigeria are not put into significant use. As an attempt towards adopting these abundant by-products as bioenergy resources for electricity generation, yearly quantities of both cocoa and kolanut harvest residues were estimated in this study. Hygroscopic natures and moisture contents of the two, and their blends, were also analyzed and compared. It was estimated that approximately 681,000 tons and 90,000 tons of cocoa and kolanut husks respectively, are produced in the country annually. While the proximate analyses showed that the sample made of 100% cocoa waste had the least volatile matter and moisture contents in addition to having highest fixed ash and fixed carbon contents, the reverse was the case with the sample made of 100% kolanut waste composition. From the ultimate analyses, however, the latter appears to possess the best characteristic (highest hydrogen and least oxygen contents), but its highest nitrogen content is a pointer to its exhibition of poor thermal property. The gross calorific contents of the samples were, therefore employed for definitive determination of their thermoelectric potentials and these gave higher heating values of 15.19 MJ/kg and 13.87 MJ/kg respectively, with the blends having their values within this range in proportionality to the mass percentage of kolanut husk in the blends. In addition to the two wastes exhibiting good energy characteristics, the study concludes that their blending offers benefit of reduction in ash content. At the optimal blend of equal composition of the two materials (50%CPH/50%KPH), it was estimated that 29,000 MW of electricity is accruable from the wastes. Cocoa and kolanut harvest wastes of 681,000 and 90,000 tons respectively, are generated in Nigeria annually. HHVs of the two agro-residues are 15.19 and 13.87 MJ/kg respectively, with their blends having values within this range. The optimal blend composition of the two agro-residues has electric power generation potential estimated at 29,000 MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus O. Ajewole
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Francis B. Elehinafe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Tobiloba E. Somefun
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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Janhäll S, Petersson M, Davidsson K, Öman T, Sommertune J, Kåredal M, Messing ME, Rissler J. Release of carbon nanotubes during combustion of polymer nanocomposites in a pilot-scale facility for waste incineration. NANOIMPACT 2021; 24:100357. [PMID: 35559816 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites, formed by incorporating nanoparticles into a matrix of standard materials, are increasing on the market. Little focus has been directed towards safe disposal and recycling of these new materials even though the disposal has been identified as a phase of the products' life cycle with a high risk of uncontrolled emissions of nanomaterials. In this study, we investigate if the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), when used as a filler in two types of polymers, are fully destructed in a pilot-scale combustion unit designed to mimic the combustion under waste incineration. The two polymer nanocomposites studied, polycarbonate (PC) with CNT and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with CNT, were incinerated at two temperatures where the lower temperature just about fulfilled the European waste incineration directive while the upper was chosen to be on the safe side of fulfilling the directive. Particles in the flue gas were sampled and analysed with online and offline instrumentation along with samples of the bottom ash. CNTs could be identified in the flue gas in all experiments, although present to a greater extent when the CNTs were introduced in PC as compared to in HDPE. In the case of using PC as polymer matrix, CNTs were identified in 3-10% of the analysed SEM images while for HDPE in only ~0.5% of the images. In the case of PC, the presence of CNTs decreased with increasing bed temperature (from 10% to 3% of the images). The CNTs identified were always in bundles, often coated with remnants of the polymer, forming particles of ~1-4 μm in diameter. No CNTs were identified in the bottom ash, likely explained by the difference in time when the bottom ash and fly ash are exposed to high temperatures (~hours compared to seconds) in the pilot facility. The results suggest that the residence time of the fly ash in the combustion zone is not long enough to allow full oxidation of the CNTs. Thus, the current regulation on waste incineration (requiring a residence time of the flue gas >850 °C during at least 2 s) may not be enough to obtain complete destruction of CNTs in polymer composites. Since several types of CNTs are known to be toxic, we stress the need for further investigation of the fate and toxicity of CNTs in waste treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Janhäll
- RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden.
| | - Mikaela Petersson
- Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kent Davidsson
- RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Tommy Öman
- RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Jens Sommertune
- RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Monica Kåredal
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; NanoLund, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria E Messing
- Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; NanoLund, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Rissler
- RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden; NanoLund, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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15
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Indoor and Outdoor Nanoparticle Concentrations in an Urban Background Area in Northern Sweden: The NanoOffice Study. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8080075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have received much attention due to their very small size, high penetration capacity, and high toxicity. In urban environments, combustion-formed nanoparticles (CFNPs) dominate in particle number concentrations (PNCs), and exposure to those particles constitutes a risk to human health. Even though fine particles (<2.5 µm) are regularly monitored, information on NP concentrations, both indoors and outdoors, is still limited. In the NanoOffice study, concentrations of nanoparticles (10–300 nm) were measured both indoors and outdoors with a 5-min time resolution at twelve office buildings in Umeå. Measurements were taken during a one-week period in the heating season and a one-week period in the non-heating season. The measuring equipment SMPS 3938 was used for indoor measurements, and DISCmini was used for outdoor measurements. The NP concentrations were highest in offices close to a bus terminal and lowest in offices near a park. In addition, a temporal effect appeared, usually with higher concentrations of nanoparticles found during daytime in the urban background area, whereas considerably lower nanoparticle concentrations were often present during nighttime. Infiltration of nanoparticles from the outdoor air into the indoor air was also common. However, the indoor/outdoor ratios (I/O ratios) of NPs showed large variations between buildings, seasons, and time periods, with I/O ratios in the range of 0.06 to 0.59. The reasons for high indoor infiltration rates could be NP emissions from adjacent outdoor sources. We could also see particle growth since the indoor NPs were, on average, almost twice as large as the NPs measured outdoors. Despite relatively low concentrations of NPs in the urban background air during nighttime, they could rise to very high daytime concentrations due to local sources, and those particles also infiltrated the indoor air.
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16
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Fischer S, Jain R, Krause T, Jain P, Tsushima S, Shevchenko A, Hübner R, Jordan N. Impact of the Microbial Origin and Active Microenvironment on the Shape of Biogenic Elemental Selenium Nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9161-9171. [PMID: 34019408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The shape of nanomaterials affects their colloidal properties, cellular uptake, and fate in the environment. The microbial origin and microenvironment can play a role in altering the shape of the nanomaterial. However, such studies have never been conducted. Here, we demonstrate that the selenium nanomaterials produced by Escherichia coli K-12 are stable and remain as BioSe-Nanospheres under thermophilic conditions, while those produced by anaerobic granular sludge transform to BioSe-Nanorods, due to a lower quantity of proteins coating these nanoparticles, which has been verified by proteomics analysis as well as using chemically synthesized selenium nanomaterials. Furthermore, the presence of Bacillus safensis JG-B5T transform the purified BioSe-Nanospheres produced by E. coli K-12 to BioSe-Nanorods, though they are not transformed in the absence of B. safensis JG-B5T. This is due to the production of peptidases by B. safensis JG-B5T that cleaves the protein coating the BioSe-Nanospheres produced by E. coli K-12, leading to their transformation to trigonal BioSe-Nanorods, which is the thermodynamically more stable state. These findings suggest that the fate of selenium and probably other redox-active elements released from the biological wastewater treatment units needs to be reevaluated and improved by including microbial criteria for better accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fischer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rohan Jain
- Waste Treatment Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Krause
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Microbiology, Chair of Molecular Biotechnology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Purvi Jain
- Waste Treatment Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Satoru Tsushima
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, O-okayama, Meguro, 152-8550 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Shevchenko
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Norbert Jordan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Hammer T, Bossa N, Persson M, Wichser A, Lehner K, Ruggiero E, Fonseca AS, Jovic M, Gaan S, Wohlleben W, Wang J. Importance of the number emission factor of combustion-generated aerosols from nano-enabled products. NANOIMPACT 2021; 22:100307. [PMID: 35559964 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accidental or open waste burning and incineration of nano-enabled products (NEPs) might lead to the release of incidental aerosols in the nano size range into the environment resulting in harmful effects on humans. We have investigated combustion-generated aerosol release during accidental burning for several real-life NEPs such as paints with silica (SiO2) and spruce wood panels containing SiO2 and Fe2O3 nanomaterials (NMs), paper with SiO2 and Fe2O3 NMs and polymeric composites with CuPhthtalocyanine NMs in poly lactic acid (PLA), polyamide 6 (PA6) and thermoplastic pol-urethane (TPU) matrices. Chemical compositions, aerosols number emission factors (nefs) and concentrations of the signature elements of the NMs of the combustion-generated aerosols were investigated. In addition, the residual ash was analyzed. The outcomes of this study shed light on how NM and matrix types influenced the properties of the released aerosols. Based on our results it was established that the combustion-generated aerosols were composed of transformed NMs with modified physical-chemical characteristics compared to the pristine NMs. In addition to aerosols with transformed NMs, there were also particles due to incomplete combustion of the matrix. Types of the pristine NMs and matrices affected the characteristics of the released aerosols. Since the effect of the aerosols is related to the inhaled aerosol number concentration, the nef is an important parameter. Our results showed that the nefs in the size range of 5.6 to 560 nm depended strongly on the type of combusted NEP, which indicated that the NEPs could be categorized according to their potential to release aerosols in this size range when they were burnt. The generated release data facilitate the assessment of human and environmental exposure and the associated risk assessment of combustion-generated aerosols from NEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hammer
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Bossa
- Leitat Technological Center, 08225 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Adrian Wichser
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ken Lehner
- Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Ana Sofia Fonseca
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lerso Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Milijana Jovic
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, 9014 Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, 9014 Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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18
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Hauser M, Nowack B. Probabilistic modelling of nanobiomaterial release from medical applications into the environment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106184. [PMID: 33137704 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanobiomaterials (NBMs) are currently being tested in numerous biomedical applications, and their use is expected to grow rapidly in the near future. Many different types of nanomaterials are employed for a wide variety of different applications. Silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) have been investigated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and osteoinductive properties to be used in catheters, wound healing, dental applications, and bone healing. Polymeric nanoparticles such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are mainly studied for their ability to deliver cancer drugs as the body metabolizes them into simple compounds. However, most of these applications are still in the development stage and unavailable on the market, meaning that information on possible consumption, material flows, and concentrations in the environment is lacking. We thus modeled a realistic scenario involving several nano-Ag and PLGA applications which are already in use or likely to reach the market soon. We assumed their full market penetration in Europe in order to explore the prospective flows of NBMs and their environmental concentrations. The potential flows of three application-specific composite materials were also examined for one precise application each: Fe3O4PEG-PLGA used in drug delivery, MgHA-collagen used for bone tissue engineering, and PLLA-Ag applied in wound healing. Mean annual consumption in Europe, considering all realistic and probable applications of the respective NBMs, was estimated to be 5,650 kg of nano-Ag and 48,000 kg of PLGA. Mean annual consumption of the three application-specific materials under the full market penetration scenario was estimated to be 4,000 kg of Fe3O4PEG-PLGA, 58 kg of MgHA-collagen, and 24,300 kg of PLLA-Ag. A probabilistic material-flow model was used to quantify flows of the NBMs studied from production, through use, and on to end-of-life in the environment. The highest possible worst-case predicted environmental concentration (wc-PEC) were found to occur in sewage sludge, with 0.2 µg/kg of nano-Ag, 400 µg/kg of PLGA, 33 µg/kg of Fe3O4PEG-PLGA, 0.007 µg/kg of MgHA-collagen, and 2.9 µg/kg of PLLA-Ag. PLGA exhibited the highest concentration in all environmental compartments except natural and urban soil, where nano-Ag showed the highest concentration. The results showed that the distribution of NBMs into different environmental and technical compartments is strongly dependent on their type of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hauser
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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19
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In Silico Prediction of Protein Adsorption Energy on Titanium Dioxide and Gold Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101967. [PMID: 33020391 PMCID: PMC7601895 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The free energy of adsorption of proteins onto nanoparticles offers an insight into the biological activity of these particles in the body, but calculating these energies is challenging at the atomistic resolution. In addition, structural information of the proteins may not be readily available. In this work, we demonstrate how information about adsorption affinity of proteins onto nanoparticles can be obtained from first principles with minimum experimental input. We use a multiscale model of protein-nanoparticle interaction to evaluate adsorption energies for a set of 59 human blood serum proteins on gold and titanium dioxide (anatase) nanoparticles of various sizes. For each protein, we compare the results for 3D structures derived from experiments to those predicted computationally from amino acid sequences using the I-TASSER methodology and software. Based on these calculations and 2D and 3D protein descriptors, we develop statistical models for predicting the binding energy of proteins, enabling the rapid characterization of the affinity of nanoparticles to a wide range of proteins.
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20
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Zhang X, Liu W, Sun D, Huang J, Qiu X, Li Z, Wu X. Very Strong, Super-Tough, Antibacterial, and Biodegradable Polymeric Materials with Excellent UV-Blocking Performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4974-4984. [PMID: 32666708 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, inspired by the dynamic sacrificial hydrogen bonds in biological materials, a very strong, super-tough, antibacterial, and cost-effective biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite material was developed by incorporating the nanoscale antibacterial agent TA@LS-Ag. TA@LS-Ag was prepared from the green biomass tannic acid (TA) and sodium lignosulfonate (LS), and was facilely incorporated into the PVA matrix with a homogeneously interspersed nanoparticle size of about 20 nm. The PVA nanocomposite film with 2 wt % addition of TA@LS-Ag achieved the highest specific toughness of 262 J g-1 among the PVA-based films to date, which is far higher than that of natural spider silk (150-190 J g-1 ), as well as a very high tensile strength of 131.6 MPa. The excellent tensile strength and superior toughness were attributed to synergy of the nanophase separation structure and the intense hydrogen-bonding interactions between the nanoparticles and PVA matrix. The PVA/TA@LS-Ag nanocomposite films exhibited good antibacterial properties, despite the extremely low silver content (0.032-0.32 wt ‰). TA@LS-Ag also endowed the PVA films with excellent antioxidant and UV-shielding performance. As the biomass-derived LS and TA and the PVA matrix are all biodegradable, this work offers a facile strategy for preparing high-performance antibacterial and biodegradable polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Danting Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Waihuan Xi Road 100, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxian Wu
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Guangzhou, 510642, P.R. China
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21
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Rajkovic S, Bornhöft NA, van der Weijden R, Nowack B, Adam V. Dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of engineered nanomaterials in European waste treatment systems. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 113:118-131. [PMID: 32531660 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the material flows of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is crucial for assessing their environmental risks. Waste management processes constitute important parts of material flow analyses as they affect large fractions of the ENMs. Accordingly, their detailed representation could substantially improve the models. Our goal was to consider the temporal variations of wastewater and solid waste management in the dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano-Ag, -TiO2 and -ZnO in Europe from 2000 to 2020. New input parameters included wastewater and solid waste management rates for each year. The uncertainties associated with these data were assessed based on the type of consulted source, the geographical representativeness and temporal concordance. Results show modal values of 10-27% of ENMs going from sorting to reprocessing. Large shares of environmental releases of nano-Ag and nano-ZnO end in surface water (4.9 t and 1700 t respectively in 2020), while sludge-treated soil as environmental compartment is receiving most of nano-TiO2 (22,000 t in 2020) and CNTs (8.8 t in 2020). Discharges from wastewater management to the subsurface soil make this compartment the largest environmental sink of nano-Ag and nano-ZnO (30 t and 3860 t accumulated in 2020, respectively). Landfills represent significant stocks of ENMs, with 105 t, 2077 t, 69,000 t and 1042 t of nano-Ag, nano-ZnO, nano-TiO2 and CNTs. This model includes detailed descriptions of waste management and sources of ENMs released at the European scale. However, a better understanding of the behaviour, i.e. fate and potential transformations of ENMs in reprocessing systems, is needed to complete the full assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Rajkovic
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland.
| | - Véronique Adam
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland
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22
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Hoyo J, Ivanova K, Torrent-Burgues J, Tzanov T. Interaction of Silver-Lignin Nanoparticles With Mammalian Mimetic Membranes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:439. [PMID: 32457895 PMCID: PMC7225684 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have broad spectrum antibacterial activity, but their toxicity to human cells has raised concerns related to their use as disinfectants or coatings of medically relevant surfaces. To address this issue, NPs comprising intrinsically bactericidal and biocompatible biopolymer and Ag with high antibacterial efficacy against common pathogens and compatibility to human cells have been engineered. However, the reason for their lower toxicity compared to AgNPs has not yet been elucidated. This work studies the in vitro interaction of AgLNPs with model mammalian membranes through two approaches: (i) Langmuir films and (ii) supported planar bilayers studied by quartz crystal microbalance and atomic force spectroscopy. These approaches elucidate the interactions of AgLNPs with the model membranes indicating a prominent effect of the bioresourced lignin to facilitate the binding of AgLNPs to the mammalian membrane, without penetrating through it. This study opens a new avenue for engineering of hybrid antimicrobial biopolymer – Ag or other metal NPs with improved bactericidal effect whereas maintaining good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hoyo
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrasa, Spain
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrasa, Spain
| | - Juan Torrent-Burgues
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrasa, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrasa, Spain
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23
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Tarik M, Ludwig C. Evaporation of Metals during the Thermal Treatment of Oxide Nanomaterials in Cellulose-Based Matrices. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4504-4514. [PMID: 32155334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Like conventional material products, waste is the last stage of the life cycle of engineered nanomaterials, which are then incinerated or stabilized before disposal. However, because of their special physical characteristics, the fate of the thermally treated nanomaterials may differ or not from the conventional ones. In this study the thermal release of metals from three nanomaterials, namely CuO, ZnO, and TiO2, embedded in matrices containing organic and inorganic compounds was investigated by using an in-house developed setup. The latter, which combines a TGA (Thermogravimetric Analyzer) and an ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer), offers the possibility to gain simultaneously thermogravimetric and elemental information. It is shown that the matrix composition, such as chlorine and silicon, plays a key role in the evaporation of Cu and Zn at temperatures above 700 °C, while at relatively low temperatures (250 to 450 °C) the nanomaterials are most probably entrained in the flue gas independently of their chemical properties. Incineration experiments using a tubular furnace and subsequent ICP-MS (ICP Mass Spectrometry) analysis of the obtained residues allowed for quantification of the metal evaporation from the three nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tarik
- Bioenergy and Catalysis Laboratory (CPM-LBK), Energy and Environment Research Division (ENE), Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Bioenergy and Catalysis Laboratory (CPM-LBK), Energy and Environment Research Division (ENE), Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Environmental Engineering Institute (IIE), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Cho H, Youn JS, Oh I, Jung YW, Jeon KJ. A new air-washing method to clean fabric filters clogged with submicron fume particles: A pilot-scale study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121186. [PMID: 31525687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates a new air-washing cleaning system that directly injects compressed air on the filter surface for filter regeneration in a fabric filter (FF) dust collector. A pilot-scale FF is designed to test the new system and to compare it with the conventional pulse-jet cleaning system with regard to filter clogging by fume particles. A pleated filter with a filtration area of 2.4 m2 is installed in the FF and a thermal steel spraying gun is used to supply the fume particles. Pressure drop and particle emission concentration are monitored to examine the effect of the new system on filter regeneration and collection efficiency. The results show that the air-washing cleaning is effective for filter regeneration, as it allows the FF to operate stably for a long time, whereas the pulse-jet cleaning fails to achieve filter regeneration, resulting in a continuously increasing pressure drop. In addition, air-washing cleaning shows better performance on collection efficiency than the pulse-jet cleaning method, as it reduces the outlet particulate matter concentration to less than half that of the pulse-jet cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwook Cho
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sang Youn
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhwan Oh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Won Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Joon Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Luo J, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Wu Y, Wu L, Li H, Tang M, Sun Y, Guo W, Feng Q, Cao J, Wang D. Potential influences of exogenous pollutants occurred in waste activated sludge on anaerobic digestion: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121176. [PMID: 31525683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a promising approach for waste activated sludge (WAS) disposal. However, a wide range of exogenous pollutants (e.g. heavy metals, nanoparticles) exists in WAS and their influences on anaerobic digestion are neglected. This study investigates the correlations between exogenous pollutants and anaerobic digestion performance. The results indicate that exogenous pollutants exhibit dose-dependent influences on WAS digestion. Most of the pollutants improve the performance of anaerobic digestion by partially or wholly promoting the hydrolysis, acidification and methanogenesis processes at low dose, but exhibit negative effects at high levels due to their toxicity. Generally, methanogens are more vulnerable than those hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria. Poly-aluminum chloride and polyacrylamide show strong inhibition on WAS digestion, which are primarily attributed to their physical enmeshments of organic matters in WAS. The synergistic effects of different mixed pollutants and the mitigating strategies for typical pollutants inhibition deserve more attention in light of WAS anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yaqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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26
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Lawrence JR, Paule A, Swerhone GDW, Roy J, Grigoryan AA, Dynes JJ, Chekabab SM, Korber DR. Microscale and molecular analyses of river biofilm communities treated with microgram levels of cerium oxide nanoparticles indicate limited but significant effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113515. [PMID: 31706760 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles are used as in-fuel catalysts and in manufacturing processes, creating a potential for release to aquatic environments. Exposures at 1 and 10 μg/L CeO2-nanoparticles were made to assess effects during the development of river biofilm communities. Scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) indicated extensive sorption of nanoparticles to the community and co-localization with lipid moieties. Following 8 weeks of development, polycarbonate coupons were removed from the reactors and used for molecular analyses, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis (DGGE-16S rRNA) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Microscopic imaging of the biofilm communities (bacterial, photosynthetic biomass, exopolymer composition, thickness, protozoan numbers), as well as carbon substrate utilization fingerprinting was performed. There was a trend toward reduced photosynthetic biomass, but no significant effects of CeO2 exposure were found on photosynthetic and bacterial biomass or biofilm thickness. Sole carbon source utilization analyses indicated increased utilization of 10 carbon sources in the carbohydrate, carboxylic acid and amino acids categories related to CeO2 exposures; however, predominantly, no significant effects (p < 0.05) were detected. Measures of microbial diversity, lectin binding affinities of exopolymeric substances and results of DGGE analyses, indicated significant changes to community composition (p < 0.05) with CeO2 exposure. Increased binding of the lectin Canavalia ensiformis was observed, consistent with changes in bacterial-associated polymers. Whereas, no significant changes were observed in binding to residues associated with algal and cyanobacterial exopolymers. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of community DNA indicated changes in diversity and shifts in community composition; however, these did not trend with increasing CeO2 exposure. Counting of protozoans in the biofilm communities indicated no significant effects on this trophic level. Thus, based on biomass and functional measures, CeO2 nanoparticles did not appear to have significant effects; however, there was evidence of selection pressure resulting in significant changes in microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Lawrence
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
| | - Armelle Paule
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - George D W Swerhone
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
| | - Julie Roy
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
| | - Alexander A Grigoryan
- Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - James J Dynes
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada.
| | - Samuel M Chekabab
- Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Darren R Korber
- Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
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27
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Yan L, Zhao F, Wang J, Zu Y, Gu Z, Zhao Y. A Safe-by-Design Strategy towards Safer Nanomaterials in Nanomedicines. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805391. [PMID: 30701603 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The marriage of nanotechnology and medicine offers new opportunities to fight against human diseases. Benefiting from their unique optical, thermal, magnetic, or redox properties, a wide range of nanomaterials have shown potential in applications such as diagnosis, drug delivery, or tissue repair and regeneration. Despite the considerable success achieved over the past decades, the newly emerging nanomedicines still suffer from an incomplete understanding of their safety risks, and of the relationships between their physicochemical characteristics and safety profiles. Herein, the most important categories of nanomaterials with clinical potential and their toxicological mechanisms are summarized, and then, based on this available information, an overview of the principles in developing safe-by-design nanomaterials for medical applications and of the recent progress in this field is provided. These principles may serve as a starting point to guide the development of more effective safe-by-design strategies and to help identify the major knowledge and skill gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yan Zu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
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28
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Wielinski J, Gogos A, Voegelin A, Müller C, Morgenroth E, Kaegi R. Transformation of Nanoscale and Ionic Cu and Zn during the Incineration of Digested Sewage Sludge (Biosolids). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11704-11713. [PMID: 31425648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NP) discharged to sewers are efficiently retained by wastewater treatment plants and accumulate in the sewage sludge, which is commonly digested. The resulting biosolids are either used as fertilizer or incinerated. In this study, we address the transformation of Cu and Zn during sewage sludge incineration and evaluate whether the form of Cu or Zn (nanoparticulate versus dissolved) added to the digested sewage sludge affects the fate of the metals during incineration. We spiked CuO-NP, dissolved CuSO4, ZnO-NP, or dissolved ZnSO4 into anaerobically digested sewage sludge to reach Cu and Zn concentrations of ≈2500 and ≈3700 mg/kg and maintained the sludge under mesophilic, anaerobic conditions for 24 h. Subsequently, the sludge was incinerated in a pilot fluidized bed reactor. The speciation of Cu and Zn in the sludge, derived from X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, was dominated by sulfidic species, with >90% of Cu and >60% of Zn coordinated to reduced sulfur groups. In the ash, both Cu (>60%) and Zn (≈100%) were coordinated to oxygen. The chemical speciation of Cu and Zn in the ashes was independent of whether they were spiked in the dissolved or nanoparticulate form and closely matched the speciation of Cu and Zn observed in ashes from full-scale incinerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wielinski
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Andreas Voegelin
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Energy Technology , ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Eberhard Morgenroth
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Ralf Kaegi
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
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29
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Oischinger J, Meiller M, Daschner R, Hornung A, Warnecke R. Fate of nano titanium dioxide during combustion of engineered nanomaterial-containing waste in a municipal solid waste incineration plant. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:1033-1042. [PMID: 31345141 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19862603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The market for products containing engineered nanomaterial (ENM) is constantly expanding. At the end of their lifecycle, a significant fraction of the products will be disposed as ENM-containing waste in thermal treatment plants. Up to now there are still uncertainties on the fate and behaviour of ENM during waste incineration. In our investigations, nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2) was selected as an example for ENM, because of its high amount in consumer products and its relevance to the ENM-containing waste stream. Two test series were conducted at the municipal solid waste incineration plant "Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Schweinfurt". For each test series, background concentrations of titanium were measured first. Samples of bottom ash, bottom ash extractor water, fly ash (boiler ash, cyclone ash), flue gas cleaning products (spray absorber ash, fabric filter ash) and washing water from the wet scrubber were taken in order to determine the fate of nTiO2. The flue gas was sampled at three points: after boiler, after cyclone and before stack. The experiments showed that most of the used reference material was located in the solid residues (i.e. bottom ash) while a smaller part was detected in the products of the flue gas cleaning. In the purified flue gas before the stack, the concentration was negligible. The flue gas cleaning system at the Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Schweinfurt complies with the requirements of the best available techniques and the results cannot be transferred to plants with lower standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Oischinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology, Germany
| | - Martin Meiller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology, Germany
| | - Robert Daschner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology, Germany
| | - Andreas Hornung
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University, Germany
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK
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30
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Wojcieszek J, Jiménez-Lamana J, Bierła K, Ruzik L, Asztemborska M, Jarosz M, Szpunar J. Uptake, translocation, size characterization and localization of cerium oxide nanoparticles in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:284-292. [PMID: 31132708 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, the production and use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) in different areas, especially in automotive industry, is rapidly increasing, causing their presence in the environment. Released CeO2 NPs can undergo different transformations and interact with the soil and hence with plants, providing a potential pathway for human exposure and leading to serious concerns about their impact on the ecosystem and human organism. This study investigates the uptake, bioaccumulation, possible translocation and localization of CeO2 NPs in a model plant (Raphanus sativus L.), whose edible part is in direct contact with the soil where contamination is more likely to happen. The stability of CeO2 NPs in plant growth medium as well as after applying a standard enzymatic digestion procedure was tested by single particle ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS) showing that CeO2 NPs can remain intact after enzymatic digestion; however, an agglomeration process was observed in the growth medium already after one day of cultivation. An enzymatic digestion method was next used in order to extract intact nanoparticles from the tissues of plants cultivated from the stage of seeds, followed by size characterization by SP-ICP-MS. The results obtained by SP-ICP-MS showed a narrower size distribution in the case of roots suggesting preferential uptake of smaller nanoparticles which led to the conclusion that plants do not take up the CeO2 NPs agglomerates present in the medium. However, nanoparticles at higher diameters were observed after analysis of leaves plus stems. Additionally, a small degree of dissolution was observed in the case of roots. Finally, after CeO2 NPs treatment of adult plants, the spatial distribution of intact CeO2 NPs in the radish roots was studied by laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) and the ability of NPs to enter and be accumulated in root tissues was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Jiménez-Lamana
- Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA, UMR5254, Pau, France.
| | - Katarzyna Bierła
- Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA, UMR5254, Pau, France
| | - Lena Ruzik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
| | - Monika Asztemborska
- Isotopic Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jarosz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA, UMR5254, Pau, France
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31
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Ounoughene G, Chivas-Joly C, Longuet C, Le Bihan O, Lopez-Cuesta JM, Le Coq L. Evaluation of nanosilica emission in polydimethylsiloxane composite during incineration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 371:415-422. [PMID: 30875568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At the end of their life cycle, it is expected that many industrial silicone components end up in incineration waste plants. Hence, the issue concerning the risks resulting from the generation of fumes (combustion gas and aerosol) has to be addressed. The aim of our work was to investigate the behavior and fate of nanosilicas from filled polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites burnt under two different scenarios of incineration. Combustion tests have been performed at lab-scale using a particular tubular furnace and a specific cone calorimeter. The collected fumes (particulate matter and gas phase) have been characterized using various techniques. The results show persistent nanosilica particles, newly produced nanosilica particles in the fumes and in the residues, as well as silicon oxycarbide SixOyCz particles which seem to originate from polysiloxane matrix decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ounoughene
- LUNAM, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, GEPEA, CNRS, UMR 6144, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France; Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Ecole des Mines d'Alès, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France; ADEME, 20 avenue du Grésillé, 49004, Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - C Chivas-Joly
- LNE, 29 Avenue Roger Hennequin, 78197, Trappes Cedex, France.
| | - C Longuet
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Ecole des Mines d'Alès, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
| | - O Le Bihan
- INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - J-M Lopez-Cuesta
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Ecole des Mines d'Alès, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
| | - L Le Coq
- LUNAM, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, GEPEA, CNRS, UMR 6144, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France
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Li X, Wang J, You J, Yu P, Li X, Xue G, Chen H, Xu X, van Agtmaal S, Alvarez PJJ. Hazardous waste dewatering and dry mass reduction through hydrophobic modification by a facile one-pot, alkali-assisted hydrothermal reaction. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 155:225-232. [PMID: 30851593 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste dewatering is important for volume reduction and further treatment. Hazardous organic wastes with low ratio of free to bound water, and low flash point are difficult to dewater and pose an explosion risk for conventional thermal drying. Here, we develop a facile one-pot, alkali-assisted hydrothermal treatment (AHT) method for cost-efficient hazardous waste dewatering, dry mass minimization and volume reduction. Wet paint sludge (WPS), a hazardous organic waste, was reduced (79% by total weight and 52% by dry mass) by dewatering through AHT hydrophobic modification, and the product was nonflammable. Conversion of bound water to free water enhanced WPS dissolution for further decomposition. Alkali was critical for boosting ether demethylation in the solid phase, and cleavage of ethers forming alcohols that facilitated transfer of solid mass into the liquid phase. Polar functional groups were eliminated through AHT, which increased the relative abundance of hydrophobic functional groups on the surface of solid residues and promoted dewatering. We also demonstrate that AHT can be widely adapted and scaled up to treat various hazardous organic waste streams, which is of significant industrial and environmental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, United States.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jiguang You
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Pingfeng Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, United States
| | - Xianying Li
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Gang Xue
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xianbao Xu
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Centre for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Sjack van Agtmaal
- BCF Systems for Separation Processes Ltd, Olmendreef 2a, Steenbergen, 4651 RP, the Netherlands
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, United States.
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Chivas-Joly C, Longuet C, Pourchez J, Leclerc L, Sarry G, Lopez-Cuesta JM. Physical, morphological and chemical modification of Al-based nanofillers in by-products of incinerated nanocomposites and related biological outcome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:405-412. [PMID: 30448553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The number of products containing nanomaterials is increasing this last ten years. Information and literature about the end-of-life of nanocomposites often remains partial and does not address the overall fate and transformations of nanoparticles that may affect biological responses. This paper underlines that the physico-chemical features of nanoparticles can be modified by the incineration process and the available toxicological data on pristine nanofillers might not be relevant to assess the modified nanoparticles included in soot. Combustion tests have been performed at lab-scale using a cone calorimeter modified to collect fumes (particulate matter and gas phase) and have been characterized using various techniques. Nanocomposites selected were poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) containing Al-based nanoparticles, i.e. boehmites or alumina. Evaluations of in vitro cytotoxicity responses on pristine nanofillers, soot and residual ash, show that safe boehmite nanoparticles, become toxic due to a chemical modification after incineration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chivas-Joly
- LNE, 29 Avenue Roger Hennequin, 78197 Trappes Cedex, France.
| | - C Longuet
- C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319 Alès Cedex, France
| | - J Pourchez
- Univ. Lyon, IMT Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CIS, INSERM, SainBioSE, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - L Leclerc
- Univ. Lyon, IMT Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CIS, INSERM, SainBioSE, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - G Sarry
- Univ. Lyon, IMT Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CIS, INSERM, SainBioSE, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - J-M Lopez-Cuesta
- C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319 Alès Cedex, France
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Zimmerman JF, Ardoña HAM, Pyrgiotakis G, Dong J, Moudgil B, Demokritou P, Parker KK. Scatter Enhanced Phase Contrast Microscopy for Discriminating Mechanisms of Active Nanoparticle Transport in Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:793-804. [PMID: 30616354 PMCID: PMC6588408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the uptake and transport dynamics of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) by mammalian cells is an important step in designing next-generation drug delivery systems. However, to track these materials and their cellular interactions, current studies often depend on surface-bound fluorescent labels, which have the potential to alter native cellular recognition events. As a result, there is still a need to develop methods capable of monitoring ENM-cell interactions independent of surface modification. Addressing these concerns, here we show how scatter enhanced phase contrast (SEPC) microscopy can be extended to work as a generalized label-free approach for monitoring nanoparticle uptake and transport dynamics. To determine which materials can be studied using SEPC, we turn to Lorenz-Mie theory, which predicts that individual particles down to ∼35 nm can be observed. We confirm this experimentally, demonstrating that SEPC works for a variety of metal and metal oxides, including Au, Ag, TiO2, CeO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. We then demonstrate that SEPC microscopy can be used in a quantitative, time-dependent fashion to discriminate between distinct modes of active cellular transport, including intracellular transport and membrane-assisted transport. Finally, we combine this technique with microcontact printing to normalize transport dynamics across multiple cells, allowing for a careful study of ensemble TiO2 nanoparticle uptake. This revealed three distinct regions of particle transport across the cell, indicating that membrane dynamics play an important role in regulating particle flow. By avoiding fluorescent labels, SEPC allows for a rational exploration of the surface properties of nanomaterials in their native state and their role in endocytosis and cellular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Zimmerman
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Herdeline Ann M. Ardoña
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Particle Engineering Research Center, PO BOX 116135, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Brij Moudgil
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Particle Engineering Research Center, PO BOX 116135, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Kevin Kit Parker
- Disease Biophysics Group, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Corresponding Author: Professor Kevin Kit Parker, 29 Oxford St., Pierce Hall 321, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA. ; Fax: +(617) 495 9837; Tel: +(617) 495 2850
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Sendra M, Moreno-Garrido I, Blasco J, Araújo CVM. Effect of erythromycin and modulating effect of CeO 2 NPs on the toxicity exerted by the antibiotic on the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:357-366. [PMID: 29990943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Erythromycin is an antibiotic employed in the treatment of infections caused by Gram positive microorganisms and the increasing use has made it a contaminant of emerging concern in aqueous ecosystems. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs), which are known to have catalytic and antioxidant properties, have also become contaminants of emerging concern. Due to the high reactivity of CeO2 NPs, they can interact with erythromycin magnifying their effects or on the other hand, considering the redox potential of CeO2 NPs, it can alleviate the toxicity of erythromycin. The present study was carried out to assess the toxicity of both single compounds as well as mixed on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (freshwater and marine microalgae respectively) employed as target species in ecotoxicological tests. Mechanisms of oxidative damage and those harmful to the photosynthetic apparatus were studied in order to know the toxic mechanisms of erythromycin and the joint effects with CeO2 NPs. Results showed that erythromycin inhibited the microalgae population growth and effective quantum yield of PSII (E.Q.Y.) in both microalgae. However, the freshwater microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was more sensitive than the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Responses related to the photosynthetic apparatus such as E.Q.Y. was affected by the exposure to erythromycin of both microalgae, as chloroplasts are target organelle for this antibiotic. Mixed experiments (CeO2 NPs + erythromycin) showed the protective role of CeO2 NPs in both microalgae preventing erythromycin toxicity in toxicological responses such as the growth of the microalgae population and E.Q.Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sendra
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Moreno-Garrido
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julián Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Ahn S, Ardoña HAM, Lind JU, Eweje F, Kim SL, Gonzalez GM, Liu Q, Zimmerman JF, Pyrgiotakis G, Zhang Z, Beltran-Huarac J, Carpinone P, Moudgil BM, Demokritou P, Parker KK. Mussel-inspired 3D fiber scaffolds for heart-on-a-chip toxicity studies of engineered nanomaterials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6141-6154. [PMID: 29744562 PMCID: PMC6230313 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique physicochemical properties exhibited by materials with nanoscale dimensions, there is currently a continuous increase in the number of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) used in consumer goods. However, several reports associate ENM exposure to negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, understanding the pathological consequences of ENM exposure represents an important challenge, requiring model systems that can provide mechanistic insights across different levels of ENM-based toxicity. To achieve this, we developed a mussel-inspired 3D microphysiological system (MPS) to measure cardiac contractility in the presence of ENMs. While multiple cardiac MPS have been reported as alternatives to in vivo testing, most systems only partially recapitulate the native extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. Here, we show how adhesive and aligned polydopamine (PDA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber can be used to emulate the 3D native ECM environment of the myocardium. Such nanofiber scaffolds can support the formation of anisotropic and contractile muscular tissues. By integrating these fibers in a cardiac MPS, we assessed the effects of TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles on the contractile function of cardiac tissues. We found that these ENMs decrease the contractile function of cardiac tissues through structural damage to tissue architecture. Furthermore, the MPS with embedded sensors herein presents a way to non-invasively monitor the effects of ENM on cardiac tissue contractility at different time points. These results demonstrate the utility of our MPS as an analytical platform for understanding the functional impacts of ENMs while providing a biomimetic microenvironment to in vitro cardiac tissue samples. Graphical Abstract Heart-on-a-chip integrated with mussel-inspired fiber scaffolds for a high-throughput toxicological assessment of engineered nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungkuk Ahn
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Herdeline Ann M Ardoña
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Johan U Lind
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Feyisayo Eweje
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Sean L Kim
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Grant M Gonzalez
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Qihan Liu
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - John F Zimmerman
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Juan Beltran-Huarac
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Paul Carpinone
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Brij M Moudgil
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Kevin Kit Parker
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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Choi S, Johnston M, Wang GS, Huang CP. A seasonal observation on the distribution of engineered nanoparticles in municipal wastewater treatment systems exemplified by TiO 2 and ZnO. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1321-1329. [PMID: 29996429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present research attempted to assess the seasonal variation of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in a major municipal wastewater treatment system. A monthly survey over a 12-month period was conducted to monitor the concentration of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles throughout the treatment process. Results showed inflow concentrations in the range of 21.6±5.0-391.0±43.0μg/L and 20.0±12.0-212.0±53.0μg/L for TiO2 and ZnO, respectively. Seasonal pattern of the inflow ENPs concentration showed elevated value in the summer and winter periods for both TiO2 and ZnO. Based on the concentration profile, the hydraulic flow rate, and the concentration of mixed liquid suspended solid (MLSS), the daily mass loading (DML) or mass flow rate of nanoparticles and the mass ratio of engineered nanoparticle to MLSS were calculated. DML provided a real-time estimate of temporal distribution of ENPs in the treatment processes. Results indicated a daily mass loading of 50.1±12.7 and 44.7±14.1kg/day (yearly average) for TiO2 and ZnO, respectively. The amount of ENPs captured by sludge particulates were, yearly average, of 7.1kg-ZnO/d and 39.8kg-TiO2/d, and 8.9kg-ZnO/d and 25.1kg-TiO2/d, by the primary and the secondary sludge particulates, respectively. ENPs to MLSS mass ratio also showed a seasonal patter similar to the inflow ENPs concentration, where summer and winter periods showed elevated values. Additionally, loss of ENPs throughout the treatment plant that was not accounted for, also can be estimated from the daily mass loading rate and the mass ratio of ENPs to MLSS. Based on the seasonal distribution of ENPs in wastewater treatment systems, especially the daily mass loading rate, it is possible to estimate the uses of nanoparticle-related commercial and personal care products in the urban areas and enable decision-making on the strategy of sludge disposal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohoon Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Murray Johnston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Gen-Suh Wang
- Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - C P Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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Part F, Berge N, Baran P, Stringfellow A, Sun W, Bartelt-Hunt S, Mitrano D, Li L, Hennebert P, Quicker P, Bolyard SC, Huber-Humer M. A review of the fate of engineered nanomaterials in municipal solid waste streams. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 75:427-449. [PMID: 29477652 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Significant knowledge and data gaps associated with the fate of product-embedded engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in waste management processes exist that limit our current ability to develop appropriate end-of-life management strategies. This review paper was developed as part of the activities of the IWWG ENMs in Waste Task Group. The specific objectives of this review paper are to assess the current knowledge associated with the fate of ENMs in commonly used waste management processes, including key processes and mechanisms associated with ENM fate and transport in each waste management process, and to use that information to identify the data gaps and research needs in this area. Literature associated with the fate of ENMs in wastes was reviewed and summarized. Overall, results from this literature review indicate a need for continued research in this area. No work has been conducted to quantify ENMs present in discarded materials and an understanding of ENM release from consumer products under conditions representative of those found in relevant waste management process is needed. Results also indicate that significant knowledge gaps associated with ENM behaviour exist for each waste management process investigated. There is a need for additional research investigating the fate of different types of ENMs at larger concentration ranges with different surface chemistries. Understanding how changes in treatment process operation may influence ENM fate is also needed. A series of specific research questions associated with the fate of ENMs during the management of ENM-containing wastes have been identified and used to direct future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Part
- Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Berge
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| | - Paweł Baran
- Unit of Technologies of Fuels, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstraße 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Stringfellow
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Southern Methodist University, 3101 Dyer Street, Dallas, TX 75205, United States
| | - Shannon Bartelt-Hunt
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1110 S. 67th St., Omaha, NE 68182-0178, United States
| | - Denise Mitrano
- Process Engineering, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Pierre Hennebert
- National Institute for Industrial and Environmental Risk Assessment (INERIS), BP 33, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France
| | - Peter Quicker
- Unit of Technologies of Fuels, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstraße 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephanie C Bolyard
- Environmental Research & Education Foundation, 3301 Benson Drive, Suite 101, Raleigh, NC 27609, United States
| | - Marion Huber-Humer
- Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Suzuki S, Part F, Matsufuji Y, Huber-Humer M. Modeling the fate and end-of-life phase of engineered nanomaterials in the Japanese construction sector. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:389-398. [PMID: 29196056 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To date construction materials that contain engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are available at the markets, but at the same time very little is known about their environmental fate. Therefore, this study aimed at modeling the potential fate of ENMs by using the example of the Japanese construction sector and by conducting a dynamic material flow analysis. Expert interviews and national reports revealed that about 3920-4660 tons of ENMs are annually used for construction materials in Japan. Nanoscale TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3 and carbon black have already been applied for decades to wall paints, road markings or concrete. The dynamic material flow model indicates that in 2016 about 95% of ENMs, which have been used since their year of market penetration, remained in buildings, whereas only 5% ended up in the Japanese waste management system or were diffusely released into the environment. Considering the current Japanese waste management system, ENMs were predicted to end up in recycled materials (40-47%) or in landfills (36-41%). It was estimated that only a small proportion was used in agriculture (5-7%, as ENM-containing sewage sludges) or was diffusely released into soils, surface waters or the atmosphere (5-19%). The results indicate that ENM release predominantly depend on their specific applications and characteristics. The model also highlights the importance of adequate collection and treatment of ENM-containing wastes. In future, similar dynamic flow models for other countries should consider, inasmuch as available, historical data on ENM production (e.g. like declaration reports that are annually published by relevant public authorities or associations), as such input data is very important regarding data reliability in order to decrease uncertainties and to continuously improve model accuracy. In addition, more environmental monitoring studies that aim at the quantification of ENM release and inadvertent transfer, particularly triggered by waste treatment processes, would be needed in order to validate such models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Suzuki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Florian Part
- Department of Water - Atmosphere - Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Yasushi Matsufuji
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Marion Huber-Humer
- Department of Water - Atmosphere - Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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40
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Giese B, Klaessig F, Park B, Kaegi R, Steinfeldt M, Wigger H, von Gleich A, Gottschalk F. Risks, Release and Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterial in the Environment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1565. [PMID: 29371617 PMCID: PMC5785520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For frequently used engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) CeO2-, SiO2-, and Ag, past, current, and future use and environmental release are investigated. Considering an extended period (1950 to 2050), we assess ENMs released through commercial activity as well as found in natural and technical settings. Temporal dynamics, including shifts in release due to ENM product application, stock (delayed use), and subsequent end-of-life product treatment were taken into account. We distinguish predicted concentrations originating in ENM use phase and those originating from end-of-life release. Furthermore, we compare Ag- and CeO2-ENM predictions with existing measurements. The correlations and limitations of the model, and the analytic validity of our approach are discussed in the context of massive use of assumptive model data and high uncertainty on the colloidal material captured by the measurements. Predictions for freshwater CeO2-ENMs range from 1 pg/l (2017) to a few hundred ng/l (2050). Relative to CeO2, the SiO2-ENMs estimates are approximately 1,000 times higher, and those for Ag-ENMs 10 times lower. For most environmental compartments, ENM pose relatively low risk; however, organisms residing near ENM 'point sources' (e.g., production plant outfalls and waste treatment plants), which are not considered in the present work, may be at increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Giese
- University of Bremen, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Technology Design and Technology Development, Badgasteiner Str, 1 28359, Bremen, Germany
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Safety and Risk Sciences, Borkowskigasse 4, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fred Klaessig
- Pennsylvania Bio Nano Systems, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, 18901, United States
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106-5131, United States
| | | | - Ralf Kaegi
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Michael Steinfeldt
- University of Bremen, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Technology Design and Technology Development, Badgasteiner Str, 1 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Henning Wigger
- University of Bremen, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Technology Design and Technology Development, Badgasteiner Str, 1 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Arnim von Gleich
- University of Bremen, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Technology Design and Technology Development, Badgasteiner Str, 1 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Fadri Gottschalk
- ETSS AG, Engineering, technical and scientific services, CH-7558, Strada, Switzerland.
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Foppiano D, Tarik M, Müller Gubler E, Ludwig C. Emissions of Secondary Formed ZnO Nano-Objects from the Combustion of Impregnated Wood. An Online Size-Resolved Elemental Investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:895-903. [PMID: 29257886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The release of secondary nano-objects formed during waste combustion processes is becoming a matter of concern, considering their known toxicity and the fact that the 100% efficiency of filtering systems is not always ensured. An increased cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on human peripheral blood lymphocytes is known particularly in the case of ZnO, which is often contained in paints and waterproof agents, heading to a relevant quantity present in the waste wood material. In this study, the behavior of ZnO nanoparticles during wood combustion and the effect of the reduction potential of generated carbon species on the release of secondarily formed ZnO-containing nano-objects were investigated. By hyphenating a modified scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), it was possible to obtain simultaneously size-resolved and chemical information on the emitted nanoparticles. Through the established correlation between SMPS and ICP-MS signals, Zn-containing particles were efficiently resolved from the combustion generated particles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) on size-selected particles confirmed the SMPS and ICP-MS data. The use of electron diffraction allowed determining the structure of the crystalline materials as hexagonal ZnO. A possible mechanism of reduction of ZnO to Zn and further reformation as secondary nano-objects is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Foppiano
- Environmental Engineering Institute (IIE), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Christian Ludwig
- Environmental Engineering Institute (IIE), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Mugica I, Fito C, Domat M, Dohányosová P, Gutierrez-Cañas C, López-Vidal S. Novel techniques for detection and characterization of nanomaterials based on aerosol science supporting environmental applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 609:348-359. [PMID: 28753510 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The number of people exposed to nanoparticles is growing accordingly to the production and development of new nanomaterials. Moreover, this increase is expected to continue in the future. However, there is a lack of standardized sampling and metric methods to measure the level of exposure to nanoparticles, and the information related to possible adverse health effects is scarce. Aerosol technology has been detecting and characterizing nanoparticles for decades and some of their developments can be of use in nanotechnology characterization. We present here two current developments based on used principles in aerosol science, which can widen its application to the characterization of nanomaterials. On the one hand, a sample preparation technique for nanoparticle analysis by electron microscopy based on electrospray atomization technology. Several samples prepared in this way have been analysed and compared to more traditional sample preparation strategies like the "drop on grid" method. It was found that the particles deposited by electrospray generally show a much more homogeneous spatial distribution on the substrate and the number of single particles increases substantially. On the other hand, it is presented an electrical mobility classification system, DMA, with enormous possibilities for the quick and economic size characterization of suspensions of nanoparticles, thanks to its injection system by electrospray and to its high resolution in the lower range of the nanoscale. The first assessment of the abovementioned devices highlights its potential applications in exposure assessment and nanotechnological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Mugica
- RAMEM S.A, C/ Verano 9, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Fito
- ITENE, C/ Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maidá Domat
- ITENE, C/ Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Gutierrez-Cañas
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Alda. Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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43
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Beisl S, Friedl A, Miltner A. Lignin from Micro- to Nanosize: Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2367. [PMID: 29117142 PMCID: PMC5713336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro- and nanosize lignin has recently gained interest due to improved properties compared to standard lignin available today. As the second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose, lignin is readily available but used for rather low-value applications. This review focuses on the application of micro- and nanostructured lignin in final products or processes that all show potential for high added value. The fields of application are ranging from improvement of mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites, bactericidal and antioxidant properties and impregnations to hollow lignin drug carriers for hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances. Also, a carbonization of lignin nanostructures can lead to high-value applications such as use in supercapacitors for energy storage. The properties of the final product depend on the surface properties of the nanomaterial and, therefore, on factors like the lignin source, extraction method, and production/precipitation methods, as discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Beisl
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anton Friedl
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Angela Miltner
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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Sendra M, Yeste PM, Moreno-Garrido I, Gatica JM, Blasco J. CeO 2 NPs, toxic or protective to phytoplankton? Charge of nanoparticles and cell wall as factors which cause changes in cell complexity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 590-591:304-315. [PMID: 28283294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are well-known for their catalytic properties and antioxidant potential. Recent uses in therapy are based on the Ce+3 ions released by CeO2 NPs. Reactions involving redox cycles between Ce+3 and Ce+4 oxidation stage seem to promote scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus protecting cells from oxygen damage. However, the internalization of CeO2 NPs and release of Ce+3 could be responsible for a toxic effect on cells. The literature reports controversial results on the toxicity of CeO2 NPs to phytoplankton. Therefore, we have tested the potential toxic effect of two CeO2 NPs (with positive and negative zeta potential) and bulk CeO2 (at 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 200mg·L-1) on three species of microalgae from different environments: marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum), marine chlorophyte (Nannochloris atomus) and freshwater chlorophyte (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) over 72h in batch cultures. Responses measured in the microalgae population are: growth, chlorophyll a, cell size, cell complexity, percentage of ROS, and percentage of cell membrane damage. Positive zeta potential CeO2 NPs provoked greater cell complexity (up to 78, 172 and 23 times more cell complexity than in controls found for C. reinhardtii, P. tricornutum and N. atomus respectively) than negative zeta potential CeO2 NPs. The SSC signal detected by flow cytometry measured increases of particles entering cells, and this is related to cell viability and levels of intracellular ROS (correlation between SSC and percentage of ROS of 0.72 and 0.97 found for C. reinhardtii and P. tricornutum). When increased cellular complexity over controls is between 2 and 6 times greater, CeO2 (in bulk or nanoparticulate form) seems to protect against ROS. When increased cellular complexity is from 7 to 23 times greater, CeO2 does not provoke toxic responses; however, when increased cellular complexity over controls is very high, from 61 to 172 times, increased ROS production and toxic responses are found. Results show that two factors, the charge of CeO2 NPs and cell wall structure, constitute the primary barrier to the possible accumulation of CeO2 NPs within phytoplankton cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - P M Yeste
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - I Moreno-Garrido
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - J M Gatica
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - J Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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45
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Wang Y, Deng L, Caballero-Guzman A, Nowack B. Are engineered nano iron oxide particles safe? an environmental risk assessment by probabilistic exposure, effects and risk modeling. Nanotoxicology 2017; 10:1545-1554. [PMID: 27781563 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1242798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nano iron oxide particles are beneficial to our daily lives through their use in paints, construction materials, biomedical imaging and other industrial fields. However, little is known about the possible risks associated with the current exposure level of engineered nano iron oxides (nano-FeOX) to organisms in the environment. The goal of this study was to predict the release of nano-FeOX to the environment and assess their risks for surface waters in the EU and Switzerland. The material flows of nano-FeOX to technical compartments (waste incineration and waste water treatment plants) and to the environment were calculated with a probabilistic modeling approach. The mean value of the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of nano-FeOX in surface waters in the EU for a worst-case scenario (no particle sedimentation) was estimated to be 28 ng/l. Using a probabilistic species sensitivity distribution, the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) was determined from ecotoxicological data. The risk characterization ratio, calculated by dividing the PEC by PNEC values, was used to characterize the risks. The mean risk characterization ratio was predicted to be several orders of magnitude smaller than 1 (1.4 × 10-4). Therefore, this modeling effort indicates that only a very limited risk is posed by the current release level of nano-FeOX to organisms in surface waters. However, a better understanding of the hazards of nano-FeOX to the organisms in other ecosystems (such as sediment) needs to be assessed to determine the overall risk of these particles to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- a Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Lei Deng
- a Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Alejandro Caballero-Guzman
- a Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- a Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
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46
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Singh D, Schifman LA, Watson-Wright C, Sotiriou GA, Oyanedel-Craver V, Wohlleben W, Demokritou P. Nanofiller Presence Enhances Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Profile on Nanoparticles Released during Thermal Decomposition of Nano-enabled Thermoplastics: Potential Environmental Health Implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:5222-5232. [PMID: 28397486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nano-enabled products are ultimately destined to reach end-of-life with an important fraction undergoing thermal degradation through waste incineration or accidental fires. Although previous studies have investigated the physicochemical properties of released lifecycle particulate matter (called LCPM) from thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics, critical questions about the effect of nanofiller on the chemical composition of LCPM still persist. Here, we investigate the potential nanofiller effects on the profiles of 16 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on LCPM from thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics. We found that nanofiller presence in thermoplastics significantly enhances not only the total PAH concentration in LCPM but most importantly also the high molecular weight (HMW, 4-6 ring) PAHs that are considerably more toxic than the low molecular weight (LMW, 2-3 ring) PAHs. This nano-specific effect was also confirmed during in vitro cellular toxicological evaluation of LCPM for the case of polyurethane thermoplastic enabled with carbon nanotubes (PU-CNT). LCPM from PU-CNT shows significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to PU which could be attributed to its higher HMW PAH concentration. These findings are crucial and make the case that nanofiller presence in thermoplastics can significantly affect the physicochemical and toxicological properties of LCPM released during thermal decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Laura Arabella Schifman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island , 1 Lippitt Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Christa Watson-Wright
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Georgios A Sotiriou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Vinka Oyanedel-Craver
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island , 1 Lippitt Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | | | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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47
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He X, Mitrano DM, Nowack B, Bahk YK, Figi R, Schreiner C, Bürki M, Wang J. Agglomeration potential of TiO 2 in synthetic leachates made from the fly ash of different incinerated wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:616-623. [PMID: 28159397 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Material flow studies have shown that a large fraction of the engineered nanoparticles used in products end up in municipal waste. In many countries, this municipal waste is incinerated before landfilling. However, the behavior of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in the leachates of incinerated wastes has not been investigated so far. In this study, TiO2 ENPs were spiked into synthetic landfill leachates made from different types of fly ash from three waste incineration plants. The synthetic leachates were prepared by standard protocols and two types of modified procedures with much higher dilution ratios that resulted in reduced ionic strength. The pH of the synthetic leachates was adjusted in a wide range (i.e. pH 3 to 11) to understand the effects of pH on agglomeration. The experimental results indicated that agglomeration of TiO2 in the synthetic landfill leachate simultaneously depend on ionic strength, ionic composition and pH. However, when the ionic strength was high, the effects of the other two factors were masked. The zeta potential of the particles was directly related to the size of the TiO2 agglomerates formed. The samples with an absolute zeta potential value < 10 mV were less stable, with the size of TiO2 agglomerates in excess of 1500 nm. It can be deduced from this study that TiO2 ENPs deposited in the landfill may be favored to form agglomerates and ultimately settle from the water percolating through the landfill and thus remain in the landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu He
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstrasse 6, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Denise M Mitrano
- Technology and Society Laboratory, EMPA, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, EMPA, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Yeon Kyoung Bahk
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstrasse 6, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Renato Figi
- Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Schreiner
- Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Bürki
- Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstrasse 6, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Advanced Analytical Technologies Laboratory, EMPA, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Gupta GS, Kumar A, Senapati VA, Pandey AK, Shanker R, Dhawan A. Laboratory Scale Microbial Food Chain To Study Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, and Ecotoxicity of Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1695-1706. [PMID: 28068760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The increasing applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products warrant a careful evaluation of their trophic transfer and consequent ecological impact. In the present study, a laboratory scale aquatic microbial food chain was established using bacteria (Escherichia coli (E. coli)) as a prey and ciliated protozoan (Paramecium caudatum) as a predator organism to determine the impact of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs). We observed that 29% of bacterivory potential of paramecium was lost, including an ∼12 h delay in doubling time on exposure to 25 mg/L CdTe QD (∼4 nm) as compared to control. The fluorescence based stoichiometric analysis revealed that 65% of the QDs bioaccumulated when paramecia were exposed to 25 mg/L QDs at 24 h. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in cellular cadmium (Cd) concentration at 24 h (306 ± 192 mg/L) as compared to 1 h (152 ± 50 mg/L). Moreover, the accumulation of Cd in E. coli (147 ± 25 mg/L) at 1 h of exposure to 25 mg/L QDs transferred 1.4 times higher Cd (207 ± 24 mg/L; biomagnification factor = 1.4) to its predator, paramecium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind S Gupta
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences (Formerly, Institute of Life Sciences), Ahmedabad University , University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
- Nanotherapeutics & Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) , Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P. O. Box 80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences (Formerly, Institute of Life Sciences), Ahmedabad University , University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Violet A Senapati
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences (Formerly, Institute of Life Sciences), Ahmedabad University , University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok K Pandey
- Nanotherapeutics & Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) , Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P. O. Box 80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishi Shanker
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences (Formerly, Institute of Life Sciences), Ahmedabad University , University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Dhawan
- Nanotherapeutics & Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) , Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P. O. Box 80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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49
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Gupta GS, Senapati VA, Dhawan A, Shanker R. Heteroagglomeration of zinc oxide nanoparticles with clay mineral modulates the bioavailability and toxicity of nanoparticle in Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 495:9-18. [PMID: 28182957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in cosmetics, sunscreens and healthcare products increases their release in the aquatic environment. The present study explored the possible interaction of ZnO NPs with montmorillonite clay minerals in aqueous conditions. An addition of ZnO NPs on clay suspension significantly (p<0.05) increases the hydrodymic size of clay particles from 1652±90nm to 2158±13nm due to heteroagglomeration. The electrokinetic measurements showed a significant (p<0.05) difference in the electrophoretic mobilities of bare (-1.80±0.03μmcm/Vs) and ZnO NPs-clay association (-1.37±0.03μmcm/Vs) that results to the electrostatic interaction between ZnO NPs and clay particles. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of ZnO NPs-clay association demonstrated the binding of ZnO NPs with the Si-O-Al region on the edges of clay particles. The increase in size of ZnO NPs-clay heteroagglomerates further leads to their sedimentation at 24h. Although, the stability of ZnO NPs in the clay suspension was decreased due to heteroagglomeration, but the bioavailability and toxicity of ZnO NPs-clay heteroagglomerates in Tetrahymena pyriformis was enhanced. These observations provide an evidence on possible mechanisms available in natural environment that can facilitate nanoparticles entry into the organisms present in lower trophic levels of the food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Sharan Gupta
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 Gujarat, India; Nanotherapeutics & Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31- M.G. Marg, P.O. Box - 80, Lucknow 226001, U.P., India
| | - Violet Aileen Senapati
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Dhawan
- Nanotherapeutics & Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31- M.G. Marg, P.O. Box - 80, Lucknow 226001, U.P., India.
| | - Rishi Shanker
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 Gujarat, India.
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50
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Ding Y, Kuhlbusch TAJ, Van Tongeren M, Jiménez AS, Tuinman I, Chen R, Alvarez IL, Mikolajczyk U, Nickel C, Meyer J, Kaminski H, Wohlleben W, Stahlmecke B, Clavaguera S, Riediker M. Airborne engineered nanomaterials in the workplace-a review of release and worker exposure during nanomaterial production and handling processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:17-28. [PMID: 27181990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
For exposure and risk assessment in occupational settings involving engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), it is important to understand the mechanisms of release and how they are influenced by the ENM, the matrix material, and process characteristics. This review summarizes studies providing ENM release information in occupational settings, during different industrial activities and using various nanomaterials. It also assesses the contextual information - such as the amounts of materials handled, protective measures, and measurement strategies - to understand which release scenarios can result in exposure. High-energy processes such as synthesis, spraying, and machining were associated with the release of large numbers of predominantly small-sized particles. Low-energy processes, including laboratory handling, cleaning, and industrial bagging activities, usually resulted in slight or moderate releases of relatively large agglomerates. The present analysis suggests that process-based release potential can be ranked, thus helping to prioritize release assessments, which is useful for tiered exposure assessment approaches and for guiding the implementation of workplace safety strategies. The contextual information provided in the literature was often insufficient to directly link release to exposure. The studies that did allow an analysis suggested that significant worker exposure might mainly occur when engineering safeguards and personal protection strategies were not carried out as recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobo Ding
- Institute for Work and Health (IST), Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A J Kuhlbusch
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA), Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany; Centre for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Martie Van Tongeren
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Araceli Sánchez Jiménez
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Ilse Tuinman
- TNO, Lange Kleiweg 137, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Rui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Iñigo Larraza Alvarez
- ACCIONA Infrastructure, Materials Area, Innovation Division, C/Valportillo II 8, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Nickel
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA), Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Meyer
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA), Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Kaminski
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA), Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Dept. Material Physics, BASF SE, Advanced Materials Research, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Stahlmecke
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA), Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Bliersheimer Straße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Simon Clavaguera
- NanoSafety Platform, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38054, France
| | - Michael Riediker
- Institute for Work and Health (IST), Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland; SAFENANO, IOM Singapore, 30 Raffles Place #17-00, Chevron House, Singapore, 048622, Singapore.
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