1
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Liguori N, van Stokkum IH, Muzzopappa F, Kennis JTM, Kirilovsky D, Croce R. The Orange Carotenoid Protein Triggers Cyanobacterial Photoprotection by Quenching Bilins via a Structural Switch of Its Carotenoid. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21913-21921. [PMID: 39058977 PMCID: PMC11311238 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria were the first microorganisms that released oxygen into the atmosphere billions of years ago. To do it safely under intense sunlight, they developed strategies that prevent photooxidation in the photosynthetic membrane, by regulating the light-harvesting activity of their antenna complexes-the phycobilisomes-via the orange-carotenoid protein (OCP). This water-soluble protein interacts with the phycobilisomes and triggers nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), a mechanism that safely dissipates overexcitation in the membrane. To date, the mechanism of action of OCP in performing NPQ is unknown. In this work, we performed ultrafast spectroscopy on a minimal NPQ system composed of the active domain of OCP bound to the phycobilisome core. The use of this system allowed us to disentangle the signal of the carotenoid from that of the bilins. Our results demonstrate that the binding to the phycobilisomes modifies the structure of the ketocarotenoid associated with OCP. We show that this molecular switch activates NPQ, by enabling excitation-energy transfer from the antenna pigments to the ketocarotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Liguori
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics,
Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo H.M. van Stokkum
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics,
Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Muzzopappa
- Institute
for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette ,France
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics,
Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Institute
for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette ,France
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics,
Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Zavřel T, Segečová A, Kovács L, Lukeš M, Novák Z, Pohland AC, Szabó M, Somogyi B, Prášil O, Červený J, Bernát G. A Comprehensive Study of Light Quality Acclimation in Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024:pcae062. [PMID: 38907526 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria play a key role in primary production in both oceans and fresh waters and hold great potential for sustainable production of a large number of commodities. During their life, cyanobacteria cells need to acclimate to a multitude of challenges, including shifts in intensity and quality of incident light. Despite our increasing understanding of metabolic regulation under various light regimes, detailed insight into fitness advantages and limitations under shifting light quality remains underexplored. Here, we study photo-physiological acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 throughout the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) range. Using light emitting diodes (LEDs) with qualitatively different narrow spectra, we describe wavelength dependence of light capture, electron transport and energy transduction to main cellular pools. In addition, we describe processes that fine-tune light capture, such as state transitions, or the efficiency of energy transfer from phycobilisomes to photosystems (PS). We show that growth was the most limited under blue light due to inefficient light harvesting, and that many cellular processes are tightly linked to the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool, which was the most reduced under red light. The PSI-to-PSII ratio was low under blue photons, however, it was not the main growth-limiting factor, since it was even more reduced under violet and near far-red lights, where Synechocystis grew faster compared to blue light. Our results provide insight into the spectral dependence of phototrophic growth and can provide the foundation for future studies of molecular mechanisms underlying light acclimation in cyanobacteria, leading to light optimization in controlled cultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Zavřel
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Anna Segečová
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Martin Lukeš
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Zoltán Novák
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Anne-Christin Pohland
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Milán Szabó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237, Třeboň 379 01, Czechia
| | - Jan Červený
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 60300, Czechia
| | - Gábor Bernát
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3., Tihany 8237, Hungary
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3
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Kerfeld CA, Sutter M. Orange carotenoid proteins: structural understanding of evolution and function. Trends Biochem Sci 2024:S0968-0004(24)00110-5. [PMID: 38789305 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria uniquely contain a primitive water-soluble carotenoprotein, the orange carotenoid protein (OCP). Nearly all extant cyanobacterial genomes contain genes for the OCP or its homologs, implying an evolutionary constraint for cyanobacteria to conserve its function. Genes encoding the OCP and its two constituent structural domains, the N-terminal domain, helical carotenoid proteins (HCPs), and its C-terminal domain, are found in the most basal lineages of extant cyanobacteria. These three carotenoproteins exemplify the importance of the protein for carotenoid properties, including protein dynamics, in response to environmental changes in facilitating a photoresponse and energy quenching. Here, we review new structural insights for these carotenoproteins and situate the role of the protein in what is currently understood about their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Markus Sutter
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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4
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Sauer PV, Cupellini L, Sutter M, Bondanza M, Domínguez Martin MA, Kirst H, Bína D, Koh AF, Kotecha A, Greber BJ, Nogales E, Polívka7 T, Mennucci B, Kerfeld CA. Structural and quantum chemical basis for OCP-mediated quenching of phycobilisomes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk7535. [PMID: 38578996 PMCID: PMC10997198 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk7535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria use large antenna complexes called phycobilisomes (PBSs) for light harvesting. However, intense light triggers non-photochemical quenching, where the orange carotenoid protein (OCP) binds to PBS, dissipating excess energy as heat. The mechanism of efficiently transferring energy from phycocyanobilins in PBS to canthaxanthin in OCP remains insufficiently understood. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we unveiled the OCP-PBS complex structure at 1.6- to 2.1-angstrom resolution, showcasing its inherent flexibility. Using multiscale quantum chemistry, we disclosed the quenching mechanism. Identifying key protein residues, we clarified how canthaxanthin's transition dipole moment in its lowest-energy dark state becomes large enough for efficient energy transfer from phycocyanobilins. Our energy transfer model offers a detailed understanding of the atomic determinants of light harvesting regulation and antenna architecture in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Sauer
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Markus Sutter
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mattia Bondanza
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - María Agustina Domínguez Martin
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Henning Kirst
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Basil J. Greber
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eva Nogales
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tomáš Polívka7
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cheryl A. Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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5
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Sklyar J, Wilson A, Kirilovsky D, Adir N. Insights into energy quenching mechanisms and carotenoid uptake by orange carotenoid protein homologs: HCP4 and CTDH. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131028. [PMID: 38521321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Photodamage to the photosynthetic apparatus by excessive light radiation has led to the evolution of a variety of energy dissipation mechanisms. A mechanism that exists in some cyanobacterial species, enables non-photochemical quenching of excitation energy within the phycobilisome (PBS) antenna complex by the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP). The OCP contains an active N-terminal domain (NTD) and a regulatory C-terminal domain (CTD). Some cyanobacteria also have genes encoding for homologs to both the CTD (CTDH) and the NTD (referred to as helical carotenoid proteins, HCP). The CTDH facilitates uptake of carotenoids from the thylakoid membranes to be transferred to the HCPs. Holo-HCPs exhibit diverse functionalities such as carotenoid carriers, singlet oxygen quenchers, and in the case of HCP4, constitutive OCP-like energy quenching. Here, we present the first crystal structure of the holo-HCP4 binding canthaxanthin molecule and an improved structure of the apo-CTDH from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. We propose here models of the binding of the HCP4 to the PBS and the associated energy quenching mechanism. Our results show that the presence of the carotenoid is essential for fluorescence quenching. We also examined interactions within OCP-like species, including HCP4 and CTDH, providing the basis for mechanisms of carotenoid transfer from CTDH to HCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenia Sklyar
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Adjélé Wilson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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6
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Stadnichuk IN, Krasilnikov PM. Relationship between non-photochemical quenching efficiency and the energy transfer rate from phycobilisomes to photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 159:177-189. [PMID: 37328680 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The chromophorylated PBLcm domain of the ApcE linker protein in the cyanobacterial phycobilisome (PBS) serves as a bottleneck for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the PBS to the antennal chlorophyll of photosystem II (PS II) and as a redirection point for energy distribution to the orange protein ketocarotenoid (OCP), which is excitonically coupled to the PBLcm chromophore in the process of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light conditions. The involvement of PBLcm in the quenching process was first directly demonstrated by measuring steady-state fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterial cells at different stages of NPQ development. The time required to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the OCP is several times shorter than the time it takes to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the PS II, ensuring quenching efficiency. The data obtained provide an explanation for the different rates of PBS quenching in vivo and in vitro according to the half ratio of OCP/PBS in the cyanobacterial cell, which is tens of times lower than that realized for an effective NPQ process in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Stadnichuk
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, RAS, Botanicheskaya 35, 127726, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Pavel M Krasilnikov
- Biological Faculty of M.V., Lomonosov State University, Lenin Hills 12, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Salvadori G, Mazzeo P, Accomasso D, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. Deciphering Photoreceptors Through Atomistic Modeling from Light Absorption to Conformational Response. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168358. [PMID: 37944793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the successes and challenges of the atomistic modeling of photoreceptors. Throughout our presentation, we integrate explanations of the primary methodological approaches, ranging from quantum mechanical descriptions to classical enhanced sampling methods, all while providing illustrative examples of their practical application to specific systems. To enhance the effectiveness of our analysis, our primary focus has been directed towards the examination of applications across three distinct photoreceptors. These include an example of Blue Light-Using Flavin (BLUF) domains, a bacteriophytochrome, and the orange carotenoid protein (OCP) employed by cyanobacteria for photoprotection. Particular emphasis will be placed on the pivotal role played by the protein matrix in fine-tuning the initial photochemical event within the embedded chromophore. Furthermore, we will investigate how this localized perturbation initiates a cascade of events propagating from the binding pocket throughout the entire protein structure, thanks to the intricate network of interactions between the chromophore and the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Accomasso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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8
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Sluchanko NN, Maksimov EG, Slonimskiy YB, Varfolomeeva LA, Bukhanko AY, Egorkin NA, Tsoraev GV, Khrenova MG, Ge B, Qin S, Boyko KM, Popov VO. Structural framework for the understanding spectroscopic and functional signatures of the cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein families. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127874. [PMID: 37939760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a unique photoreceptor crucial for cyanobacterial photoprotection. Best studied Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 OCP belongs to the large OCP1 family. Downregulated by the Fluorescence Recovery Protein (FRP) in low-light, high-light-activated OCP1 binds to the phycobilisomes and performs non-photochemical quenching. Recently discovered families OCP2 and OCP3 remain structurally and functionally underexplored, and no systematic comparative studies have ever been conducted. Here we present two first crystal structures of OCP2 from morphoecophysiologically different cyanobacteria and provide their comprehensive structural, spectroscopic and functional comparison with OCP1, the recently described OCP3 and all-OCP ancestor. Structures enable correlation of spectroscopic signatures with the effective number of hydrogen and discovered here chalcogen bonds anchoring the ketocarotenoid in OCP, as well as with the rotation of the echinenone's β-ionone ring in the CTD. Structural data also helped rationalize the observed differences in OCP/FRP and OCP/phycobilisome functional interactions. These data are expected to foster OCP research and applications in optogenetics, targeted carotenoid delivery and cyanobacterial biomass engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yury B Slonimskiy
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Larisa A Varfolomeeva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Antonina Y Bukhanko
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikita A Egorkin
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Georgy V Tsoraev
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Maria G Khrenova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
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9
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Rose JB, Gascón JA, Sutter M, Sheppard DI, Kerfeld CA, Beck WF. Photoactivation of the orange carotenoid protein requires two light-driven reactions mediated by a metastable monomeric intermediate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:33000-33012. [PMID: 38032096 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) functions as a sensor of the ambient light intensity and as a quencher of bilin excitons when it binds to the core of the cyanobacterial phycobilisome. We show herein that the photoactivation mechanism that converts the resting, orange-colored state, OCPO, to the active red-colored state, OCPR, requires a sequence of two reactions, each requiring absorption of a single photon by an intrinsic ketocarotenoid chromophore. Global analysis of absorption spectra recorded during continuous illumination of OCPO preparations from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 detects the reversible formation of a metastable intermediate, OCPI, in which the ketocarotenoid canthaxanthin exhibits an absorption spectrum with a partial red shift and a broadened vibronic structure compared to that of the OCPO state. While the dark recovery from OCPR to OCPI is a first-order, unimolecular reaction, the subsequent conversion of OCPI to the resting OCPO state is bimolecular, involving association of two OCPO monomers to form the dark-stable OCPO dimer aggregate. These results indicate that photodissociation of the OCPO dimer to form the monomeric OCPO intermediate is the first step in the photoactivation mechanism. Formation of the OCPO monomer from the dimer increases the mean value and broadens the distribution of the solvent-accessible surface area of the canthaxanthin chromophore measured in molecular dynamics trajectories at 300 K. The second step in the photoactivation mechanism is initiated by absorption of a second photon, by canthaxanthin in the OCPO monomer, which obtains the fully red-shifted and broadened absorption spectrum detected in the OCPR product state owing to displacement of the C-terminal domain and the translocation of canthaxanthin more than 12 Å into the N-terminal domain. Both steps in the photoactivation reaction of OCP are likely to involve changes in the structure of the C-terminal domain elicited by excited-state conformational motions of the ketocarotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA
| | - Markus Sutter
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Damien I Sheppard
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
| | - Cheryl A Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
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10
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Arcidiacono A, Accomasso D, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. How orange carotenoid protein controls the excited state dynamics of canthaxanthin. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11158-11169. [PMID: 37860660 PMCID: PMC10583711 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02662k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a ketocarotenoid-binding protein essential for photoprotection in cyanobacteria. The main steps of the photoactivated conversion which converts OCP from its resting state to the active one have been extensively investigated. However, the initial photochemical event in the ketocarotenoid which triggers the large structural changes finally leading to the active state is still not understood. Here we employ QM/MM surface hopping nonadiabatic dynamics to investigate the excited-state decay of canthaxanthin in OCP, both in the ultrafast S2 to S1 internal conversion and the slower decay leading back to the ground state. For the former step we show the involvement of an additional excited state, which in the literature has been often named the SX state, and we characterize its nature. For the latter step, we reveal an excited state decay characterized by multiple timescales, which are related to the ground-state conformational heterogeneity of the ketocarotenoid. We assigned the slowly decaying population to the so-called S* state. Finally, we identify a minor decay pathway involving double-bond photoisomerization, which could be the initial trigger to photoactivation of OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Arcidiacono
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Davide Accomasso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
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11
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Leccese S, Calcinoni A, Wilson A, Kirilovsky D, Carbonera D, Onfroy T, Jolivalt C, Mezzetti A. Orange Carotenoid Protein in Mesoporous Silica: A New System towards the Development of Colorimetric and Fluorescent Sensors for pH and Temperature. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1871. [PMID: 37893308 PMCID: PMC10609006 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is a photochromic carotenoprotein involved in the photoprotection of cyanobacteria. It is activated by blue-green light to a red form OCPR capable of dissipating the excess of energy of the cyanobacterial photosynthetic light-harvesting systems. Activation to OCPR can also be achieved in the dark. In the present work, activation by pH changes of two different OCPs-containing echinenone or canthaxanthin as carotenoids-is investigated in different conditions. A particular emphasis is put on OCP encapsulated in SBA-15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles. It is known that in these hybrid systems, under appropriate conditions, OCP remains photoactive. Here, we show that when immobilised in SBA-15, the OCP visible spectrum is sensitive to pH changes, but such a colorimetric response is very different from the one observed for OCP in solution. In both cases (SBA-15 matrices and solutions), pH-induced colour changes are related either by orange-to-red OCP activation, or by carotenoid loss from the denatured protein. Of particular interest is the response of OCP in SBA-15 matrices, where a sudden change in the Vis absorption spectrum and in colour is observed for pH changing from 2 to 3 (in the case of canthaxanthin-binding OCP in SBA-15: λMAX shifts from 454 to 508 nm) and for pH changing from 3 to 4 (in the case of echinenone-binding OCP in SBA-15: λMAX shifts from 445 to 505 nm). The effect of temperature on OCP absorption spectrum and colour (in SBA-15 matrices) has also been investigated and found to be highly dependent on the properties of the used mesoporous silica matrix. Finally, we also show that simultaneous encapsulation in selected surface-functionalised SBA-15 nanoparticles of appropriate fluorophores makes it possible to develop OCP-based pH-sensitive fluorescent systems. This work therefore represents a proof of principle that OCP immobilised in mesoporous silica is a promising system in the development of colorimetric and fluorometric pH and temperature sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Leccese
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (A.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Andrea Calcinoni
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (A.C.); (C.J.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Adjélé Wilson
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (D.K.)
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (D.K.)
| | | | - Thomas Onfroy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (A.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Claude Jolivalt
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (A.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Alberto Mezzetti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (A.C.); (C.J.)
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12
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Han MH, Yang HW, Yoon J, Villafani Y, Song JY, Pan CH, Park K, Cho Y, Song JJ, Kim SJ, Park YI, Park J. Color-Tuning Mechanism of the Lit Form of Orange Carotenoid Protein. Mol Cells 2023; 46:513-525. [PMID: 37587751 PMCID: PMC10440265 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) of photosynthetic cyanobacteria binds to ketocarotenoids noncovalently and absorbs excess light to protect the host organism from light-induced oxidative damage. Herein, we found that mutating valine 40 in the α3 helix of Gloeocapsa sp. PCC 7513 (GlOCP1) resulted in blue- or red-shifts of 6-20 nm in the absorption maxima of the lit forms. We analyzed the origins of absorption maxima shifts by integrating X-ray crystallography, homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. Our analysis suggested that the single residue mutations alter the polar environment surrounding the bound canthaxanthin, thereby modulating the degree of charge transfer in the photoexcited state of the chromophore. Our integrated investigations reveal the mechanism of color adaptation specific to OCPs and suggest a design principle for color-specific photoswitches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hyuk Han
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, KI for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hee Wook Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jungmin Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, KI for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yvette Villafani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Cheol Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Keunwan Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Youngmoon Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Joon Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, KI for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung Joong Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Quantum Intelligence Corp., Seoul 07326, Korea
| | - Youn-Il Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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13
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Kelly LT, Reed L, Puddick J, Hawes I, Hicks BJ, Allan MG, Lehmann MK, Wood SA. Growth conditions impact particulate absorption and pigment concentrations in two common bloom forming cyanobacterial species. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 125:102432. [PMID: 37220985 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Remote sensing using satellite imagery has been promoted as a method to broaden the scale and frequency of cyanobacterial monitoring. This relies on the ability to establish relationships between the reflectance spectra of water bodies and the abundance of cyanobacteria. A challenge to achieving this comes from a limited understanding of the extent to which the optical properties of cyanobacteria vary according to their physiological state and growth environment. The aim of the present study was to determine how growth stage, nutrient status and irradiance affect pigment concentrations and absorption spectra in two common bloom forming cyanobacterial taxa: Dolichospermum lemmermannii and Microcystis aeruginosa. Each species was grown in laboratory batch culture under a full factorial design of low or high light intensity and low, medium, or high nitrate concentrations. Absorption spectra, pigment concentrations and cell density were measured throughout the growth phases. The absorption spectra were all highly distinguishable from each other, with greater interspecific than intraspecific differences, indicating that both D. lemmermannii and M. aeruginosa can be readily differentiated using hyperspectral absorption spectra. Despite this, each species exhibited different responses in the per-cell pigment concentrations with varying light intensity and nitrate exposure. Variability among treatments was considerably higher in D. lemmermannii than in M. aeruginosa, which exhibited smaller changes in pigment concentrations among the treatments. These results highlight the need to understand the physiology of the cyanobacteria and to take caution when estimating biovolumes from reflectance spectra when species composition and growth stage are unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Reed
- Coastal Marine Field Station, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | | | - Ian Hawes
- Coastal Marine Field Station, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | - Brendan J Hicks
- Coastal Marine Field Station, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | | | - Moritz K Lehmann
- Coastal Marine Field Station, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand; Xerra Earth Observation Institute, Alexandra, New Zealand
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14
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Pishchalnikov RY, Yaroshevich IA, Zlenko DV, Tsoraev GV, Osipov EM, Lazarenko VA, Parshina EY, Chesalin DD, Sluchanko NN, Maksimov EG. The role of the local environment on the structural heterogeneity of carotenoid β-ionone rings. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:3-17. [PMID: 36063303 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our analysis of the X-ray crystal structure of canthaxanthin (CAN) showed that its ketolated β-ionone rings can adopt two energetically equal, but structurally distinct puckers. Quantum chemistry calculations revealed that the potential energy surface of the β-ionone ring rotation over the plane of the conjugated π-system in carotenoids depends on the pucker state of the β-ring. Considering different pucker states and β-ionone ring rotation, we found six separate local minima on the potential energy surface defining the geometry of the keto-β-ionone ring-two cis and one trans orientation for each of two pucker states. We observed a small difference in energy and no difference in relative orientation for the cis-minima, but a pronounced difference for the position of trans-minimum in alternative pucker configurations. An energetic advantage of β-ionone ring rotation from a specific pucker type can reach up to 8 kJ/mol ([Formula: see text]). In addition, we performed the simulation of linear absorption of CAN in hexane and in a unit cell of the CAN crystal. The electronic energies of [Formula: see text] transition were estimated both for the CAN monomer and in the CAN crystal. The difference between them reached [Formula: see text], which roughly corresponds to the energy gap between A and B pucker states predicted by theoretical estimations. Finally, we have discussed the importance of such effects for biological systems whose local environment determines conformational mobility, and optical/functional characteristics of carotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Y Pishchalnikov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Igor A Yaroshevich
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Dmitry V Zlenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution (IEE), RAS, Moscow, Russia, 117071
| | - Georgy V Tsoraev
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Evgenii M Osipov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vladimir A Lazarenko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Pl., Moscow, Russia, 123182
| | - Evgenia Yu Parshina
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Denis D Chesalin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 38, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 119071
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
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15
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Golub M, Moldenhauer M, Matsarskaia O, Martel A, Grudinin S, Soloviov D, Kuklin A, Maksimov EG, Friedrich T, Pieper J. Stages of OCP-FRP Interactions in the Regulation of Photoprotection in Cyanobacteria, Part 2: Small-Angle Neutron Scattering with Partial Deuteration. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1901-1913. [PMID: 36815674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
We used small-angle neutron scattering partially coupled with size-exclusion chromatography to unravel the solution structures of two variants of the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) lacking the N-terminal extension (OCP-ΔNTE) and its complex formation with the Fluorescence Recovery Protein (FRP). The dark-adapted, orange form OCP-ΔNTEO is fully photoswitchable and preferentially binds the pigment echinenone. Its complex with FRP consists of a monomeric OCP component, which closely resembles the compact structure expected for the OCP ground state, OCPO. In contrast, the pink form OCP-ΔNTEP, preferentially binding the pigment canthaxanthin, is mostly nonswitchable. The pink OCP form appears to occur as a dimer and is characterized by a separation of the N- and C-terminal domains, with the canthaxanthin embedded only into the N-terminal domain. Therefore, OCP-ΔNTEP can be viewed as a prototypical model system for the active, spectrally red-shifted state of OCP, OCPR. The dimeric structure of OCP-ΔNTEP is retained in its complex with FRP. Small-angle neutron scattering using partially deuterated OCP-FRP complexes reveals that FRP undergoes significant structural changes upon complex formation with OCP. The observed structures are assigned to individual intermediates of the OCP photocycle in the presence of FRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marcus Moldenhauer
- Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Matsarskaia
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Avenue des Martyrs 71, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Martel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Avenue des Martyrs 71, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France
| | - Sergei Grudinin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LJK, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dmytro Soloviov
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Wieniawskiego 1, 61-712 Poznan, Poland.,Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Kirova 36a, 07270 Chornobyl, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Kuklin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob'jovy Gory 1-12, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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16
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Leccese S, Wilson A, Kirilovsky D, Spezia R, Jolivalt C, Mezzetti A. Light-induced infrared difference spectroscopy on three different forms of orange carotenoid protein: focus on carotenoid vibrations. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00384-7. [PMID: 36853495 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is a photoactive carotenoprotein involved in photoprotection of cyanobacteria, which uses a keto-catorenoid as a chromophore. When it absorbs blue-green light, it converts from an inactive OCPO orange form to an activated OCPR red form, the latter being able to bind the light-harvesting complexes facilitating thermal dissipation of the excess of absorbed light energy. Several research groups have focused their attention on the photoactivation mechanism, characterized by several steps, involving both carotenoid photophysics and protein conformational changes. Among the used techniques, time-resolved IR spectroscopy have the advantage of providing simultaneously information on both the chromophore and the protein, giving thereby the possibility to explore links between carotenoid dynamics and protein dynamics, leading to a better understanding of the mechanism. However, an appropriate interpretation of data requires previous assignment of marker IR bands, for both the carotenoid and the protein. To date, some assignments have concerned specific α-helices of the OCP backbone, but no specific marker band for the carotenoid was identified on solid ground. This paper provides evidence for the assignment of putative marker bands for three carotenoids bound in three different OCPs: 3'-hydroxyechineone (3'-hECN), echinenone (ECN), canthaxanthin (CAN). Light-induced FTIR difference spectra were recorded in H2O and D2O and compared with spectra of isolated carotenoids. The use of DFT calculations allowed to propose a description for the vibrations responsible of several IR bands. Interestingly, most bands are located at the same wavenumber for the three kinds of OCPs suggesting that the conformation of the three carotenoids is the same in the red and in the orange form. These results are discussed in the framework of recent time-resolved IR studies on OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Leccese
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Adjélé Wilson
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Riccardo Spezia
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7616 CNRS, 4, Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Claude Jolivalt
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Mezzetti
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
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17
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LHC-like Proteins: The Guardians of Photosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032503. [PMID: 36768826 PMCID: PMC9916820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of chlorophyll-containing light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) was a crucial milestone in the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins form complexes in proximity to the reaction centres of photosystems I and II and serve as an antenna, funnelling the harvested light energy towards the reaction centres, facilitating photochemical quenching, thereby optimizing photosynthesis. It is now generally accepted that the LHC proteins evolved from LHC-like proteins, a diverse family of proteins containing up to four transmembrane helices. Interestingly, LHC-like proteins do not participate in light harvesting to elevate photosynthesis activity under low light. Instead, they protect the photosystems by dissipating excess energy and taking part in non-photochemical quenching processes. Although there is evidence that LHC-like proteins are crucial factors of photoprotection, the roles of only a few of them, mainly the stress-related psbS and lhcSR, are well described. Here, we summarize the knowledge gained regarding the evolution and function of the various LHC-like proteins, with emphasis on those strongly related to photoprotection. We further suggest LHC-like proteins as candidates for improving photosynthesis in significant food crops and discuss future directions in their research.
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18
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Srivastava R, Kanda T, Yadav S, Singh N, Yadav S, Prajapati R, Kesari V, Atri N. Salinity pretreatment synergies heat shock toxicity in cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC7120. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1061927. [PMID: 36876104 PMCID: PMC9983364 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1061927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to bridge the knowledge gap pertaining to cyanobacteria's response to pretreatment. The result elucidates the synergistic effect of pretreatment toxicity in cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC7120 on morphological and biochemical attributes. Chemical (salt) and physical (heat) stress-pretreated cells exhibited significant and reproducible changes in terms of growth pattern, morphology, pigments, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity. Salinity pretreatment showed more than a five-fold decrease in the phycocyanin content but a six-fold and five-fold increase in carotenoid, lipid peroxidation (MDA content), and antioxidant activity (SOD and CAT) at 1 h and on 3rd day of treatment, respectively, giving the impression of stress-induced free radicals that are scavenged by antioxidants when compared to heat shock pretreatment. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of transcript (qRT-PCR) for FeSOD and MnSOD displayed a 3.6- and 1.8-fold increase in salt-pretreated (S-H) samples. The upregulation of transcript corresponding to salt pretreatment suggests a toxic role of salinity in synergizing heat shock. However, heat pretreatment suggests a protective role in mitigating salt toxicity. It could be inferred that pretreatment enhances the deleterious effect. However, it further showed that salinity (chemical stress) augments the damaging effect of heat shock (physical stress) more profoundly than physical stress on chemical stress possibly by modulating redox balance via activation of antioxidant responses. Our study reveals that upon pretreatment of heat, the negative effect of salt can be mitigated in filamentous cyanobacteria, thus providing a foundation for improved cyanobacterial tolerance to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupanshee Srivastava
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Tripti Kanda
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sadhana Yadav
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Botany, Thakur Prasad Singh (T.P.S.) College, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rajesh Prajapati
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vigya Kesari
- Department of Botany, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya (M.M.V.), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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19
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Osakabe M, Shimano S. The flashy red color of the red velvet mite Balaustium murorum (Prostigmata: Erythraeidae) is caused by high abundance of the keto-carotenoids, astaxanthin and 3-hydroxyechinenone. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2023; 89:1-14. [PMID: 36512263 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The red velvet mite, Balaustium murorum (Hermann), is a pollenophagous free-living mite with a flashy red body. This mite occurs in early spring and lives on sunny surfaces of human-made structures, such as concrete. Hence, it is inevitably exposed to a harsh environment due to solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and radiant heat, which cause oxidative stress via the production of reactive oxygen species. The spider mite Panonychus citri that resides on upper leaf surfaces accumulates synthesized keto-carotenoids to protect against oxidative stress. Therefore, we evaluated carotenoid composition in the red pigment of B. murorum. To identify major carotenoids, we performed a high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of intact and de-esterified pigments of B. murorum females. The flashy red pigments of B. murorum consisted of the highly abundant keto-carotenoids astaxanthin and 3-hydroxyechinenone (60 and 38% of major carotenoids, respectively), and a small amount of β-carotene (2%). Although P. citri is an astaxanthin-rich species, the astaxanthin concentration (per protein) in B. murorum is 127-fold that in P. citri. Due to their high antioxidant activities, those keto-carotenoids probably contribute to the survival of B. murorum in the harsh environment caused by solar UV-B radiation and radiant heat in inorganic habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Osakabe
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, 2-17-1 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8160, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Deepika C, Wolf J, Roles J, Ross I, Hankamer B. Sustainable Production of Pigments from Cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 183:171-251. [PMID: 36571616 DOI: 10.1007/10_2022_211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pigments are intensely coloured compounds used in many industries to colour other materials. The demand for naturally synthesised pigments is increasing and their production can be incorporated into circular bioeconomy approaches. Natural pigments are produced by bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae, macroalgae, plants and animals. There is a huge unexplored biodiversity of prokaryotic cyanobacteria which are microscopic phototrophic microorganisms that have the ability to capture solar energy and CO2 and use it to synthesise a diverse range of sugars, lipids, amino acids and biochemicals including pigments. This makes them attractive for the sustainable production of a wide range of high-value products including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and animal-feed supplements. The advantages of cyanobacteria production platforms include comparatively high growth rates, their ability to use freshwater, seawater or brackish water and the ability to cultivate them on non-arable land. The pigments derived from cyanobacteria and microalgae include chlorophylls, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins that have useful properties for advanced technical and commercial products. Development and optimisation of strain-specific pigment-based cultivation strategies support the development of economically feasible pigment biorefinery scenarios with enhanced pigment yields, quality and price. Thus, this chapter discusses the origin, properties, strain selection, production techniques and market opportunities of cyanobacterial pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Deepika
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juliane Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John Roles
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian Ross
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ben Hankamer
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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21
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Bezalel-Hazony N, Zer H, Nathanson S, Shevtsov-Tal S, Ostersetzer-Biran O, Keren N. Functional flexibility of cyanobacterial light harvesting phycobilisomes enable acclimation to the complex light regime of mixing marine water columns. FEBS J 2023; 290:400-411. [PMID: 35993149 PMCID: PMC10086978 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The light environment in a mixing water column is arguably the most erratic condition under which photosynthesis functions. Shifts in light intensity, by an order of magnitude, can occur over the time scale of hours. In marine Synechococcus, light is harvested by massive, membrane attached, phycobilisome chromophore-protein complexes (PBS). We examined the ability of a phycobilisome-containing marine Synechococcus strain (WH8102) to acclimate to illumination perturbations on this scale. Although changes in pigment composition occurred gradually over the course of days, we did observe significant and reversible changes in the pigment's fluorescence emission spectra on a time scale of hours. Upon transition to ten-fold higher intensities, we observed a decrease in the energy transferred to Photosystem II. At the same time, the spectral composition of PBS fluorescence emission shifted. Unlike fluorescence quenching mechanisms, this phenomenon resulted in increased fluorescence intensities. These data suggest a mechanism by which marine Synechococcus WH8102 detaches hexamers from the phycobilisome structure. The fluorescence yield of these uncoupled hexamers is high. The detachment process does not require protein synthesis as opposed to reattachment. Hence, the most likely process would be the degradation and resynthesis of labile PBS linker proteins. Experiments with additional species yielded similar results, suggesting that this novel mechanism might be broadly used among PBS-containing organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Bezalel-Hazony
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagit Zer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shiri Nathanson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sofia Shevtsov-Tal
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oren Ostersetzer-Biran
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nir Keren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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22
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The increasing role of structural proteomics in cyanobacteria. Essays Biochem 2022; 67:269-282. [PMID: 36503929 PMCID: PMC10070481 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue–green algae, are ubiquitous organisms on the planet. They contain tremendous protein machineries that are of interest to the biotechnology industry and beyond. Recently, the number of annotated cyanobacterial genomes has expanded, enabling structural studies on known gene-coded proteins to accelerate. This review focuses on the advances in mass spectrometry (MS) that have enabled structural proteomics studies to be performed on the proteins and protein complexes within cyanobacteria. The review also showcases examples whereby MS has revealed critical mechanistic information behind how these remarkable machines within cyanobacteria function.
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23
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Wilson A, Andreeva EA, Niziński S, Talbot L, Hartmann E, Schlichting I, Burdzinski G, Sliwa M, Kirilovsky D, Colletier JP. Structure-function-dynamics relationships in the peculiar Planktothrix PCC7805 OCP1: Impact of his-tagging and carotenoid type. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148584. [PMID: 35752265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is a photoactive protein involved in cyanobacterial photoprotection. Here, we report on the functional, spectral and structural characteristics of the peculiar Planktothrix PCC7805 OCP (Plankto-OCP). We show that this OCP variant is characterized by higher photoactivation and recovery rates, and a stronger energy-quenching activity, compared to other OCP studied thus far. We characterize the effect of the functionalizing carotenoid and of his-tagging on these reactions, and identify the time scales on which these modifications affect photoactivation. The presence of a his-tag at the C-terminus has a large influence on photoactivation, thermal recovery and PBS-fluorescence quenching, and likewise for the nature of the carotenoid that additionally affects the yield and characteristics of excited states and the ns-s dynamics of photoactivated OCP. By solving the structures of Plankto-OCP in the ECN- and CAN-functionalized states, each in two closely-related crystal forms, we further unveil the molecular breathing motions that animate Plankto-OCP at the monomer and dimer levels. We finally discuss the structural changes that could explain the peculiar properties of Plankto-OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjélé Wilson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elena A Andreeva
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France; Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stanisław Niziński
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, Lille 59000, France; Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Léa Talbot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elisabeth Hartmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilme Schlichting
- Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gotard Burdzinski
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Michel Sliwa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, Lille 59000, France.
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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24
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Niziński S, Schlichting I, Colletier JP, Kirilovsky D, Burdzinski G, Sliwa M. Is orange carotenoid protein photoactivation a single-photon process? BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2022; 2:100072. [PMID: 36425326 PMCID: PMC9680785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2022.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In all published photoactivation mechanisms of orange carotenoid protein (OCP), absorption of a single photon by the orange dark state starts a cascade of red-shifted OCP ground-state intermediates that subsequently decay within hundreds of milliseconds, resulting in the formation of the final red form OCPR, which is the biologically active form that plays a key role in cyanobacteria photoprotection. A major challenge in deducing the photoactivation mechanism is to create a uniform description explaining both single-pulse excitation experiments, involving single-photon absorption, and continuous light irradiation experiments, where the red-shifted OCP intermediate species may undergo re-excitation. We thus investigated photoactivation of Synechocystis OCP using stationary irradiation light with a biologically relevant photon flux density coupled with nanosecond laser pulse excitation. The kinetics of photoactivation upon continuous and nanosecond pulse irradiation light show that the OCPR formation quantum yield increases with photon flux density; thus, a simple single-photon model cannot describe the data recorded for OCP in vitro. The results strongly suggest a consecutive absorption of two photons involving a red intermediate with ≈100 millisecond lifetime. This intermediate is required in the photoactivation mechanism and formation of the red active form OCPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Niziński
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznan, Poland
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille, France
| | - Ilme Schlichting
- Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gotard Burdzinski
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michel Sliwa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille, France
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25
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Structures of a phycobilisome in light-harvesting and photoprotected states. Nature 2022; 609:835-845. [PMID: 36045294 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Phycobilisome (PBS) structures are elaborate antennae in cyanobacteria and red algae1,2. These large protein complexes capture incident sunlight and transfer the energy through a network of embedded pigment molecules called bilins to the photosynthetic reaction centres. However, light harvesting must also be balanced against the risks of photodamage. A known mode of photoprotection is mediated by orange carotenoid protein (OCP), which binds to PBS when light intensities are high to mediate photoprotective, non-photochemical quenching3-6. Here we use cryogenic electron microscopy to solve four structures of the 6.2 MDa PBS, with and without OCP bound, from the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The structures contain a previously undescribed linker protein that binds to the membrane-facing side of PBS. For the unquenched PBS, the structures also reveal three different conformational states of the antenna, two previously unknown. The conformational states result from positional switching of two of the rods and may constitute a new mode of regulation of light harvesting. Only one of the three PBS conformations can bind to OCP, which suggests that not every PBS is equally susceptible to non-photochemical quenching. In the OCP-PBS complex, quenching is achieved through the binding of four 34 kDa OCPs organized as two dimers. The complex reveals the structure of the active form of OCP, in which an approximately 60 Å displacement of its regulatory carboxy terminal domain occurs. Finally, by combining our structure with spectroscopic properties7, we elucidate energy transfer pathways within PBS in both the quenched and light-harvesting states. Collectively, our results provide detailed insights into the biophysical underpinnings of the control of cyanobacterial light harvesting. The data also have implications for bioengineering PBS regulation in natural and artificial light-harvesting systems.
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26
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Rosi M, Russell B, Kristensen LG, Farquhar ER, Jain R, Abel D, Sullivan M, Costello SM, Dominguez-Martin MA, Chen Y, Marqusee S, Petzold CJ, Kerfeld CA, DePonte DP, Farahmand F, Gupta S, Ralston CY. An automated liquid jet for fluorescence dosimetry and microsecond radiolytic labeling of proteins. Commun Biol 2022; 5:866. [PMID: 36008591 PMCID: PMC9411504 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray radiolytic labeling uses broadband X-rays for in situ hydroxyl radical labeling to map protein interactions and conformation. High flux density beams are essential to overcome radical scavengers. However, conventional sample delivery environments, such as capillary flow, limit the use of a fully unattenuated focused broadband beam. An alternative is to use a liquid jet, and we have previously demonstrated that use of this form of sample delivery can increase labeling by tenfold at an unfocused X-ray source. Here we report the first use of a liquid jet for automated inline quantitative fluorescence dosage characterization and sample exposure at a high flux density microfocused synchrotron beamline. Our approach enables exposure times in single-digit microseconds while retaining a high level of side-chain labeling. This development significantly boosts the method’s overall effectiveness and efficiency, generates high-quality data, and opens up the arena for high throughput and ultrafast time-resolved in situ hydroxyl radical labeling. A high-speed liquid jet delivery system improves the X-ray footprinting and mass spectrometry method to label proteins for structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Rosi
- Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, Sonoma, CA, 94928, US
| | - Brandon Russell
- Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, Sonoma, CA, 94928, US
| | - Line G Kristensen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US
| | - Erik R Farquhar
- Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, US
| | - Rohit Jain
- Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, US
| | - Donald Abel
- Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, US
| | - Michael Sullivan
- Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, US
| | - Shawn M Costello
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Maria Agustina Dominguez-Martin
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, US.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US
| | - Yan Chen
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US
| | - Susan Marqusee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J Petzold
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US
| | - Cheryl A Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, US.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US
| | | | - Farid Farahmand
- Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, Sonoma, CA, 94928, US
| | - Sayan Gupta
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US.
| | - Corie Y Ralston
- Molecular Foundry Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, US.
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27
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Niziński S, Wilson A, Uriarte LM, Ruckebusch C, Andreeva EA, Schlichting I, Colletier JP, Kirilovsky D, Burdzinski G, Sliwa M. Unifying Perspective of the Ultrafast Photodynamics of Orange Carotenoid Proteins from Synechocystis: Peril of High-Power Excitation, Existence of Different S* States, and Influence of Tagging. JACS AU 2022; 2:1084-1095. [PMID: 35647603 PMCID: PMC9131370 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A substantial number of Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) studies have aimed to describe the evolution of singlet excited states leading to the formation of a photoactivated form, OCPR. The most recent one suggests that 3 ps-lived excited states are formed after the sub-100 fs decay of the initial S2 state. The S* state, which has the longest reported lifetime of a few to tens of picoseconds, is considered to be the precursor of the first red photoproduct P1. Here, we report the ultrafast photodynamics of the OCP from Synechocystis PCC 6803 carried out using visible-near infrared femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy as a function of the excitation pulse power and wavelength. We found that a carotenoid radical cation can form even at relatively low excitation power, obscuring the determination of photoactivation yields for P1. Moreover, the comparison of green (540 nm) and blue (470 nm) excitations revealed the existence of an hitherto uncharacterized excited state, denoted as S∼, living a few tens of picoseconds and formed only upon 470 nm excitation. Because neither the P1 quantum yield nor the photoactivation speed over hundreds of seconds vary under green and blue continuous irradiation, this S∼ species is unlikely to be involved in the photoactivation mechanism leading to OCPR. We also addressed the effect of His-tagging at the N- or C-termini on the excited-state photophysical properties. Differences in spectral signatures and lifetimes of the different excited states were observed at a variance with the usual assumption that His-tagging hardly influences protein dynamics and function. Altogether our results advocate for the careful consideration of the excitation power and His-tag position when comparing the photoactivation of different OCP variants and beg to revisit the notion that S* is the precursor of photoactivated OCPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Niziński
- Quantum
Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, Poznan 61-614, Poland
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les
Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille 59000, France
| | - Adjéle Wilson
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Lucas M. Uriarte
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les
Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille 59000, France
| | - Cyril Ruckebusch
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les
Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille 59000, France
| | - Elena A. Andreeva
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ilme Schlichting
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Gotard Burdzinski
- Quantum
Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Michel Sliwa
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les
Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille 59000, France
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28
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Wang X, Ge H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang P. Ser/Thr Protein Kinase SpkI Affects Photosynthetic Efficiency in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 upon Salt Stress. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050713. [PMID: 35629380 PMCID: PMC9143257 DOI: 10.3390/life12050713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High salinity is a common environmental factor that limits productivity and growth for photosynthetic organisms. Here, we identified a mutant defected in gene sll1770, which encodes a Ser/Thr protein kinase SpkI, with a significantly low maximal quantum yield of PSII under high salt condition in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Physiological characterization demonstrated that the ΔspkI mutant had normal growth and photosynthesis under control condition. And a significantly higher NPQ capacity was also observed in ΔspkI when grown under control condition. However, when grown under high salt condition, ΔspkI exhibited apparently slower growth as well as decreased net photosynthesis and PSII activity. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the amount of major photosynthetic proteins declined sharply in ΔspkI when cells grown under high salt condition. Redox kinetics measurement suggested that the activities of PSI and cytochrome b6f complex were modified in ΔspkI under high salt condition, which resulted in a more reduced PQ pool in ΔspkI. Chlorophyll fluorescence traces suggested that the OA− reoxidation and state transition was also impaired in ΔspkI under high salt condition. Above all, we propose that Ser/Thr protein kinase SpkI plays a role in maintaining high-effective photosynthesis during high-salt acclimation process in Synechocystis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haitao Ge
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (H.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (H.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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29
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Navotnaya P, Sohoni S, Lloyd LT, Abdulhadi SM, Ting PC, Higgins JS, Engel GS. Annihilation of Excess Excitations along Phycocyanin Rods Precedes Downhill Flow to Allophycocyanin Cores in the Phycobilisome of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:23-29. [PMID: 34982932 PMCID: PMC8762654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Cyanobacterial phycobilisome
complexes absorb visible sunlight
and funnel photogenerated excitons to the photosystems where charge
separation occurs. In the phycobilisome complex of Synechococcus
elongatus PCC 7942, phycocyanin protein rods that absorb
bluer wavelengths are assembled on allophycocyanin cores that absorb
redder wavelengths. This arrangement creates a natural energy gradient
toward the reaction centers of the photosystems. Here, we employ broadband
pump–probe spectroscopy to observe the fate of excess excitations
in the phycobilisome complex of this organism. We show that excess
excitons are quenched through exciton–exciton annihilation
along the phycocyanin rods prior to transfer to the allophycocyanin
cores. Our observations are especially relevant in comparison to other
antenna proteins, where exciton annihilation primarily occurs in the
lowest-energy chlorophylls. The observed effect could play a limited
photoprotective role in physiological light fluences. The exciton
decay dynamics is faster in the intact phycobilisome than in isolated
C-phycocyanin trimers studied in earlier work, confirming that this
effect is an emergent property of the complex assembly. Using the
obtained annihilation data, we calculate exciton hopping times of
2.2–6.4 ps in the phycocyanin rods. This value agrees with
earlier FRET calculations of exciton hopping times along phycocyanin
hexamers by Sauer and Scheer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Navotnaya
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Siddhartha Sohoni
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Lawson T Lloyd
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Sami M Abdulhadi
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Po-Chieh Ting
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jacob S Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Gregory S Engel
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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30
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Non-Photochemical Quenching: From Light Perception to Photoprotective Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020687. [PMID: 35054872 PMCID: PMC8775618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is essential for photosynthesis but light levels that exceed an organism's assimilation capacity can cause serious damage or even cell death. Plants and microalgae have developed photoprotective mechanisms collectively referred to as non-photochemical quenching to minimize such potential damage. One such mechanism is energy-dependent quenching (qE), which dissipates excess light energy as heat. Over the last 30 years, much has been learned about the molecular mechanism of qE in green algae and plants. However, the steps between light perception and qE represented a gap in our knowledge until the recent identification of light-signaling pathways that function in these processes in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this review, we summarize the high light and UV-mediated signaling pathways for qE in Chlamydomonas. We discuss key questions remaining about the pathway from light perception to photoprotective gene expression in Chlamydomonas. We detail possible differences between green algae and plants in light-signaling mechanisms for qE and emphasize the importance of research on light-signaling mechanisms for qE in plants.
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31
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Gorbunov MY, Falkowski PG. Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence to Determine the Fate of Photons Absorbed by Phytoplankton in the World's Oceans. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2022; 14:213-238. [PMID: 34460315 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032621-122346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 45% of the photosynthetically fixed carbon on Earth occurs in the oceans in phytoplankton, which account for less than 1% of the world's photosynthetic biomass. This amazing empirical observation implies a very high photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency, but how efficiently is the solar energy actually used? The photon energy budget of photosynthesis can be divided into three terms: the quantum yields of photochemistry, fluorescence, and heat. Measuring two of these three processes closes the energy budget. The development of ultrasensitive, seagoing chlorophyll variable fluorescence and picosecond fluorescence lifetime instruments has allowed independent closure on the first two terms. With this closure, we can understand how phytoplankton respond to nutrient supplies on timescales of hours to months and, over longer timescales, to changes in climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Y Gorbunov
- Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA; ,
| | - Paul G Falkowski
- Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA; ,
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Kumazawa M, Nishide H, Nagao R, Inoue-Kashino N, Shen JR, Nakano T, Uchiyama I, Kashino Y, Ifuku K. Molecular phylogeny of fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c proteins from Chaetoceros gracilis and Lhcq/Lhcf diversity. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13598. [PMID: 34792189 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms adapt to various aquatic light environments and play major roles in the global carbon cycle using their unique light-harvesting system, i.e. fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c binding proteins (FCPs). Structural analyses of photosystem II (PSII)-FCPII and photosystem I (PSI)-FCPI complexes from the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis have revealed the localization and interactions of many FCPs; however, the entire set of FCPs has not been characterized. Here, we identify 46 FCPs in the newly assembled genome and transcriptome of C. gracilis. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that these FCPs can be classified into five subfamilies: Lhcr, Lhcf, Lhcx, Lhcz, and the novel Lhcq, in addition to a distinct type of Lhcr, CgLhcr9. The FCPs in Lhcr, including CgLhcr9 and some Lhcqs, have orthologous proteins in other diatoms, particularly those found in the PSI-FCPI structure. By contrast, the Lhcf subfamily, some of which were found in the PSII-FCPII complex, seems to be diversified in each diatom species, and the number of Lhcqs differs among species, indicating that their diversification may contribute to species-specific adaptations to light. Further phylogenetic analyses of FCPs/light-harvesting complex (LHC) proteins using genome data and assembled transcriptomes of other diatoms and microalgae in public databases suggest that our proposed classification of FCPs is common among various red-lineage algae derived from secondary endosymbiosis of red algae, including Haptophyta. These results provide insights into the loss and gain of FCP/LHC subfamilies during the evolutionary history of the red algal lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kumazawa
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Nishide
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Uchiyama
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kashino
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Hitchcock A, Hunter CN, Sobotka R, Komenda J, Dann M, Leister D. Redesigning the photosynthetic light reactions to enhance photosynthesis - the PhotoRedesign consortium. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:23-34. [PMID: 34709696 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this Perspective article, we describe the visions of the PhotoRedesign consortium funded by the European Research Council of how to enhance photosynthesis. The light reactions of photosynthesis in individual phototrophic species use only a fraction of the solar spectrum, and high light intensities can impair and even damage the process. In consequence, expanding the solar spectrum and enhancing the overall energy capacity of the process, while developing resilience to stresses imposed by high light intensities, could have a strong positive impact on food and energy production. So far, the complexity of the photosynthetic machinery has largely prevented improvements by conventional approaches. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop concepts to redesign the light-harvesting and photochemical capacity of photosynthesis, as well as to establish new model systems and toolkits for the next generation of photosynthesis researchers. The overall objective of PhotoRedesign is to reconfigure the photosynthetic light reactions so they can harvest and safely convert energy from an expanded solar spectrum. To this end, a variety of synthetic biology approaches, including de novo design, will combine the attributes of photosystems from different photoautotrophic model organisms, namely the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In parallel, adaptive laboratory evolution will be applied to improve the capacity of reimagined organisms to cope with enhanced input of solar energy, particularly in high and fluctuating light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hitchcock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Christopher Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Dann
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
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Protasova EA, Antal TK, Zlenko DV, Elanskaya IV, Lukashev EP, Friedrich T, Mironov KS, Sluchanko NN, Ge B, Qin S, Maksimov EG. State of the phycobilisome determines effective absorption cross-section of Photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148494. [PMID: 34534546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Quenching of excess excitation energy is necessary for the photoprotection of light-harvesting complexes. In cyanobacteria, quenching of phycobilisome (PBS) excitation energy is induced by the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP), which becomes photoactivated under high light conditions. A decrease in energy transfer efficiency from the PBSs to the reaction centers decreases photosystem II (PS II) activity. However, quantitative analysis of OCP-induced photoprotection in vivo is complicated by similar effects of both photochemical and non-photochemical quenching on the quantum yield of the PBS fluorescence overlapping with the emission of chlorophyll. In the present study, we have analyzed chlorophyll a fluorescence induction to estimate the effective cross-section of PS II and compared the effects of reversible OCP-dependent quenching of PBS fluorescence with reduction of PBS content upon nitrogen starvation or mutations of key PBS components. This approach allowed us to estimate the dependency of the rate constant of PS II primary electron acceptor reduction on the amount of PBSs in the cell. We found that OCP-dependent quenching triggered by blue light affects approximately half of PBSs coupled to PS II, indicating that under normal conditions, the concentration of OCP is not sufficient for quenching of all PBSs coupled to PS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Protasova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Taras K Antal
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Zlenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina V Elanskaya
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny P Lukashev
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirill S Mironov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Song Qin
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, PR China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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35
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Fattore N, Savio S, Vera‐Vives AM, Battistuzzi M, Moro I, La Rocca N, Morosinotto T. Acclimation of photosynthetic apparatus in the mesophilic red alga Dixoniella giordanoi. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:805-817. [PMID: 34171145 PMCID: PMC8596783 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic algae are photosynthetic organisms capable of exploiting sunlight to fix carbon dioxide into biomass with highly variable genetic and metabolic features. Information on algae metabolism from different species is inhomogeneous and, while green algae are, in general, more characterized, information on red algae is relatively scarce despite their relevant position in eukaryotic algae diversity. Within red algae, the best-known species are extremophiles or multicellular, while information on mesophilic unicellular organisms is still lacunose. Here, we investigate the photosynthetic properties of a recently isolated seawater unicellular mesophilic red alga, Dixoniella giordanoi. Upon exposure to different illuminations, D. giordanoi shows the ability to acclimate, modulate chlorophyll content, and re-organize thylakoid membranes. Phycobilisome content is also largely regulated, leading to almost complete disassembly of this antenna system in cells grown under intense illumination. Despite the absence of a light-induced xanthophyll cycle, cells accumulate zeaxanthin upon prolonged exposure to strong light, likely contributing to photoprotection. D. giordanoi cells show the ability to perform cyclic electron transport that is enhanced under strong illumination, likely contributing to the protection of Photosystem I from over-reduction and enabling cells to survive PSII photoinhibition without negative impact on growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Savio
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | | | - Mariano Battistuzzi
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali (CISAS) “Giuseppe Colombo”University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Isabella Moro
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
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36
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UV Excitation of Carotenoid Binding Proteins OCP and HCP: Excited‐State Dynamics and Product Formation. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Slonimskiy YB, Egorkin NA, Friedrich T, Maksimov EG, Sluchanko NN. Microalgal protein AstaP is a potent carotenoid solubilizer and delivery module with a broad carotenoid binding repertoire. FEBS J 2021; 289:999-1022. [PMID: 34582628 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are lipophilic substances with many biological functions, from coloration to photoprotection. Being potent antioxidants, carotenoids have multiple biomedical applications, including the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and retina degeneration. Nevertheless, the delivery of carotenoids is substantially limited by their poor solubility in the aqueous phase. Natural water-soluble carotenoproteins can facilitate this task, necessitating studies on their ability to uptake and deliver carotenoids. One such promising carotenoprotein, AstaP (astaxanthin-binding protein), was recently identified in eukaryotic microalgae, but its structure and functional properties remained largely uncharacterized. By using a correctly folded recombinant protein, here we show that AstaP is an efficient carotenoid solubilizer that can stably bind not only astaxanthin but also zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and, to a lesser extent, β-carotene, that is, carotenoids especially valuable to human health. AstaP accepts carotenoids provided as acetone solutions or embedded in membranes, forming carotenoid-protein complexes with an apparent stoichiometry of 1:1. We successfully produced AstaP holoproteins in specific carotenoid-producing strains of Escherichia coli, proving it is amenable to cost-efficient biotechnology processes. Regardless of the carotenoid type, AstaP remains monomeric in both apo- and holoform, while its rather minimalistic mass (~ 20 kDa) makes it an especially attractive antioxidant delivery module. In vitro, AstaP transfers different carotenoids to liposomes and to unrelated proteins from cyanobacteria, which can modulate their photoactivity and/or oligomerization. These findings expand the toolkit of the characterized carotenoid binding proteins and outline the perspective of the use of AstaP as a unique monomeric antioxidant nanocarrier with an extensive carotenoid binding repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury B Slonimskiy
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita A Egorkin
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Zheng L, Zheng Z, Li X, Wang G, Zhang K, Wei P, Zhao J, Gao N. Structural insight into the mechanism of energy transfer in cyanobacterial phycobilisomes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5497. [PMID: 34535665 PMCID: PMC8448738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBS) are the major light-harvesting machineries for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and red algae and they have a hierarchical structure of a core and peripheral rods, with both consisting of phycobiliproteins and linker proteins. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of PBS from two cyanobacterial species, Anabaena 7120 and Synechococcus 7002. Both PBS are hemidiscoidal in shape and share a common triangular core structure. While the Anabaena PBS has two additional hexamers in the core linked by the 4th linker domain of ApcE (LCM). The PBS structures predict that, compared with the PBS from red algae, the cyanobacterial PBS could have more direct routes for energy transfer to ApcD. Structure-based systematic mutagenesis analysis of the chromophore environment of ApcD and ApcF subunits reveals that aromatic residues are critical to excitation energy transfer (EET). The structures also suggest that the linker protein could actively participate in the process of EET in both rods and the cores. These results provide insights into the organization of chromophores and the mechanisms of EET within cyanobacterial PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvqin Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Zhenggao Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China ,grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905College of Life Science, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
| | - Xiying Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Peijun Wei
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China ,grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Key Laboratory of Phycology of CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Ning Gao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
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39
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Bondanza M, Jacquemin D, Mennucci B. Excited States of Xanthophylls Revisited: Toward the Simulation of Biologically Relevant Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6604-6612. [PMID: 34251826 PMCID: PMC8311646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Xanthophylls are a class of oxygen-containing carotenoids, which play a fundamental role in light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes and in many photoresponsive proteins. The complexity of the manifold of the electronic states and the large sensitivity to the environment still prevent a clear and coherent interpretation of their photophysics and photochemistry. In this Letter, we compare cutting-edge ab initio methods (CC3 and DMRG/NEVPT2) with time-dependent DFT and semiempirical CI (SECI) on model keto-carotenoids and show that SECI represents the right compromise between accuracy and computational cost to be applied to real xanthophylls in their biological environment. As an example, we investigate canthaxanthin in the orange carotenoid protein and show that the conical intersections between excited states and excited-ground states are mostly determined by the effective bond length alternation coordinate, which is significantly tuned by the protein through geometrical constraints and electrostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bondanza
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université
de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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40
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Xu HF, Raanan H, Dai GZ, Oren N, Berkowicz S, Murik O, Kaplan A, Qiu BS. Reading and surviving the harsh conditions in desert biological soil crust: The cyanobacterial viewpoint. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6308820. [PMID: 34165541 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are found in drylands, cover ∼12% of the Earth's surface in arid and semi-arid lands and their destruction is considered an important promoter of desertification. These crusts are formed by the adhesion of soil particles to polysaccharides excreted mostly by filamentous cyanobacteria, which are the pioneers and main primary producers in BSCs. Desert BSCs survive in one of the harshest environments on Earth, and are exposed to daily fluctuations of extreme conditions. The cyanobacteria inhabiting these habitats must precisely read the changing conditions and predict, for example, the forthcoming desiccation. Moreover, they evolved a comprehensive regulation of multiple adaptation strategies to enhance their stress tolerance. Here we focus on what distinguishes cyanobacteria able to revive after dehydration from those that cannot. While important progress has been made in our understanding of physiological, biochemical and omics aspects, clarification of the sensing, signal transduction and responses enabling desiccation tolerance are just emerging. We plot the trajectory of current research and open questions ranging from general strategies and regulatory adaptations in the hydration/desiccation cycle, to recent advances in our understanding of photosynthetic adaptation. The acquired knowledge provides new insights to mitigate desertification and improve plant productivity under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - Hagai Raanan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Mobile Post Negev 2, 8531100 Israel
| | - Guo-Zheng Dai
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - Nadav Oren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
| | - Simon Berkowicz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel.,Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, P.O.B 469, Eilat, 8810302 Israel
| | - Omer Murik
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
| | - Aaron Kaplan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
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41
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Bag P. Light Harvesting in Fluctuating Environments: Evolution and Function of Antenna Proteins across Photosynthetic Lineage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1184. [PMID: 34200788 PMCID: PMC8230411 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the major natural process that can harvest and harness solar energy into chemical energy. Photosynthesis is performed by a vast number of organisms from single cellular bacteria to higher plants and to make the process efficient, all photosynthetic organisms possess a special type of pigment protein complex(es) that is (are) capable of trapping light energy, known as photosynthetic light-harvesting antennae. From an evolutionary point of view, simpler (unicellular) organisms typically have a simple antenna, whereas higher plants possess complex antenna systems. The higher complexity of the antenna systems provides efficient fine tuning of photosynthesis. This relationship between the complexity of the antenna and the increasing complexity of the organism is mainly related to the remarkable acclimation capability of complex organisms under fluctuating environmental conditions. These antenna complexes not only harvest light, but also provide photoprotection under fluctuating light conditions. In this review, the evolution, structure, and function of different antenna complexes, from single cellular organisms to higher plants, are discussed in the context of the ability to acclimate and adapt to cope under fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushan Bag
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, UPSC, Umeå University, 90736 Umeå, Sweden
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42
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Lokstein H, Renger G, Götze JP. Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting (Antenna) Complexes-Structures and Functions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113378. [PMID: 34204994 PMCID: PMC8199901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls, together with carotenoids, serve, noncovalently bound to specific apoproteins, as principal light-harvesting and energy-transforming pigments in photosynthetic organisms. In recent years, enormous progress has been achieved in the elucidation of structures and functions of light-harvesting (antenna) complexes, photosynthetic reaction centers and even entire photosystems. It is becoming increasingly clear that light-harvesting complexes not only serve to enlarge the absorption cross sections of the respective reaction centers but are vitally important in short- and long-term adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and regulation of the energy-transforming processes in response to external and internal conditions. Thus, the wide variety of structural diversity in photosynthetic antenna “designs” becomes conceivable. It is, however, common for LHCs to form trimeric (or multiples thereof) structures. We propose a simple, tentative explanation of the trimer issue, based on the 2D world created by photosynthetic membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Lokstein
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Gernot Renger
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan P. Götze
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;
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Pagels F, Vasconcelos V, Guedes AC. Carotenoids from Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Potential and Optimization Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050735. [PMID: 34063485 PMCID: PMC8156961 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are tetraterpenoids molecules present in all photosynthetic organisms, responsible for better light-harvesting and energy dissipation in photosynthesis. In cyanobacteria, the biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids is well described, and apart from the more common compounds (e.g., β-carotene, zeaxanthin, and echinenone), specific carotenoids can also be found, such as myxoxanthophyll. Moreover, cyanobacteria have a protein complex called orange carotenoid protein (OCP) as a mechanism of photoprotection. Although cyanobacteria are not the organism of choice for the industrial production of carotenoids, the optimisation of their production and the evaluation of their bioactive capacity demonstrate that these organisms may indeed be a potential candidate for future pigment production in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach of biorefinery. Carotenoids-rich extracts are described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral agents and are proposed for feed and cosmetical industries. Thus, several strategies for the optimisation of a cyanobacteria-based bioprocess for the obtention of pigments were described. This review aims to give an overview of carotenoids from cyanobacteria not only in terms of their chemistry but also in terms of their biotechnological applicability and the advances and the challenges in the production of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pagels
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (V.V.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (V.V.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Guedes
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Yaroshevich IA, Maksimov EG, Sluchanko NN, Zlenko DV, Stepanov AV, Slutskaya EA, Slonimskiy YB, Botnarevskii VS, Remeeva A, Gushchin I, Kovalev K, Gordeliy VI, Shelaev IV, Gostev FE, Khakhulin D, Poddubnyy VV, Gostev TS, Cherepanov DA, Polívka T, Kloz M, Friedrich T, Paschenko VZ, Nadtochenko VA, Rubin AB, Kirpichnikov MP. Role of hydrogen bond alternation and charge transfer states in photoactivation of the Orange Carotenoid Protein. Commun Biol 2021; 4:539. [PMID: 33972665 PMCID: PMC8110590 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we propose a possible photoactivation mechanism of a 35-kDa blue light-triggered photoreceptor, the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP), suggesting that the reaction involves the transient formation of a protonated ketocarotenoid (oxocarbenium cation) state. Taking advantage of engineering an OCP variant carrying the Y201W mutation, which shows superior spectroscopic and structural properties, it is shown that the presence of Trp201 augments the impact of one critical H-bond between the ketocarotenoid and the protein. This confers an unprecedented homogeneity of the dark-adapted OCP state and substantially increases the yield of the excited photoproduct S*, which is important for the productive photocycle to proceed. A 1.37 Å crystal structure of OCP Y201W combined with femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy, kinetic analysis, and deconvolution of the spectral intermediates, as well as extensive quantum chemical calculations incorporating the effect of the local electric field, highlighted the role of charge-transfer states during OCP photoconversion. Yaroshevich et al. present a chemical reaction mechanism of a 35-kDa blue light-triggered photoreceptor, the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP). They find that photoactivation critically involves the transient formation of a protonated ketocarotenoid (oxocarbenium cation) state. This study suggests the role of charge-transfer states during OCP photoconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Yaroshevich
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. .,A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Zlenko
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Stepanov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Slutskaya
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury B Slonimskiy
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viacheslav S Botnarevskii
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina Remeeva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ivan Gushchin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Kirill Kovalev
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, Université Grenoble Alpes-CEA-CNRS, Grenoble, France.,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Crystallography, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Valentin I Gordeliy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, Université Grenoble Alpes-CEA-CNRS, Grenoble, France.,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ivan V Shelaev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor E Gostev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Timofey S Gostev
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Cherepanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kloz
- ELI-Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC14, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Victor A Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew B Rubin
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Pivato M, Perozeni F, Licausi F, Cazzaniga S, Ballottari M. Heterologous expression of cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP2) as a soluble carrier of ketocarotenoids in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2021; 55:102255. [PMID: 33777686 PMCID: PMC7610433 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms evolved different mechanisms to protect themselves from high irradiances and photodamage. In cyanobacteria, the photoactive Orange Carotenoid-binding Protein (OCP) acts both as a light sensor and quencher of excitation energy. It binds keto-carotenoids and, when photoactivated, interacts with phyco-bilisomes, thermally dissipating the excitation energy absorbed by the latter, and acting as efficient singlet oxygen quencher. Here, we report the heterologous expression of an OCP2 protein from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Fischerella thermalis (FtOCP2) in the model organism for green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Robust expression of FtOCP2 was obtained through a synthetic redesigning strategy for optimized expression of the transgene. FtOCP2 expression was achieved both in UV-mediated mutant 4 strain, previously selected for efficient transgene expression, and in a background strain previously engineered for constitutive expression of an endogenous β-carotene ketolase, normally poorly expressed in this species, resulting into astaxanthin and other ketocarotenoids accumulation. Recombinant FtOCP2 was successfully localized into the chloroplast. Upon purification it was possible to demonstrate the formation of holoproteins with different xanthophylls and keto-carotenoids bound, including astaxanthin. Moreover, isolated ketocarotenoid-binding FtOCP2 holoproteins conserved their photoconversion properties. Carotenoids bound to FtOCP2 were thus maintained in solution even in absence of organic solvent. The synthetic biology approach herein reported could thus be considered as a novel tool for improving the solubility of ketocarotenoids produced in green algae, by binding to water-soluble carotenoids binding proteins.
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Dann M, Ortiz EM, Thomas M, Guljamow A, Lehmann M, Schaefer H, Leister D. Enhancing photosynthesis at high light levels by adaptive laboratory evolution. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:681-695. [PMID: 33941908 PMCID: PMC7612648 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is readily impaired by high light (HL) levels. Photosynthetic organisms have therefore evolved various mechanisms to cope with the problem. Here, we have dramatically enhanced the light tolerance of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis by adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). By combining repeated mutagenesis and exposure to increasing light intensities, we generated strains that grow under extremely HL intensities. HL tolerance was associated with more than 100 mutations in proteins involved in various cellular functions, including gene expression, photosynthesis and metabolism. Co-evolved mutations were grouped into five haplotypes, and putative epistatic interactions were identified. Two representative mutations, introduced into non-adapted cells, each confer enhanced HL tolerance, but they affect photosynthesis and respiration in different ways. Mutations identified by ALE that allow photosynthetic microorganisms to cope with altered light conditions could be employed in assisted evolution approaches and could strengthen the robustness of photosynthesis in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Dann
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Edgardo M Ortiz
- Plant Biodiversity Research, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Moritz Thomas
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arthur Guljamow
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Mass Spectrometry of Biomolecules (MSBioLMU), Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hanno Schaefer
- Plant Biodiversity Research, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Zhan J, Steglich C, Scholz I, Hess WR, Kirilovsky D. Inverse regulation of light harvesting and photoprotection is mediated by a 3'-end-derived sRNA in cyanobacteria. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:358-380. [PMID: 33793852 PMCID: PMC8136909 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBSs), the principal cyanobacterial antenna, are among the most efficient macromolecular structures in nature, and are used for both light harvesting and directed energy transfer to the photosynthetic reaction center. However, under unfavorable conditions, excess excitation energy needs to be rapidly dissipated to avoid photodamage. The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) senses light intensity and induces thermal energy dissipation under stress conditions. Hence, its expression must be tightly controlled; however, the molecular mechanism of this regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe the discovery of a posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in which the expression of the operon encoding the allophycocyanin subunits of the PBS is directly and in an inverse fashion linked to the expression of OCP. This regulation is mediated by ApcZ, a small regulatory RNA that is derived from the 3'-end of the tetracistronic apcABC-apcZ operon. ApcZ inhibits ocp translation under stress-free conditions. Under most stress conditions, apc operon transcription decreases and ocp translation increases. Thus, a key operon involved in the collection of light energy is functionally connected to the expression of a protein involved in energy dissipation. Our findings support the view that regulatory RNA networks in bacteria evolve through the functionalization of mRNA 3'-UTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhan
- Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomiques et aux Énergies Alternatives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CEA, CNRS), Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Claudia Steglich
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Scholz
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Hess
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomiques et aux Énergies Alternatives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CEA, CNRS), Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Bernát G, Zavřel T, Kotabová E, Kovács L, Steinbach G, Vörös L, Prášil O, Somogyi B, Tóth VR. Photomorphogenesis in the Picocyanobacterium Cyanobium gracile Includes Increased Phycobilisome Abundance Under Blue Light, Phycobilisome Decoupling Under Near Far-Red Light, and Wavelength-Specific Photoprotective Strategies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:612302. [PMID: 33815434 PMCID: PMC8012758 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.612302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photomorphogenesis is a process by which photosynthetic organisms perceive external light parameters, including light quality (color), and adjust cellular metabolism, growth rates and other parameters, in order to survive in a changing light environment. In this study we comprehensively explored the light color acclimation of Cyanobium gracile, a common cyanobacterium in turbid freshwater shallow lakes, using nine different monochromatic growth lights covering the whole visible spectrum from 435 to 687 nm. According to incident light wavelength, C. gracile cells performed great plasticity in terms of pigment composition, antenna size, and photosystem stoichiometry, to optimize their photosynthetic performance and to redox poise their intersystem electron transport chain. In spite of such compensatory strategies, C. gracile, like other cyanobacteria, uses blue and near far-red light less efficiently than orange or red light, which involves moderate growth rates, reduced cell volumes and lower electron transport rates. Unfavorable light conditions, where neither chlorophyll nor phycobilisomes absorb light sufficiently, are compensated by an enhanced antenna size. Increasing the wavelength of the growth light is accompanied by increasing photosystem II to photosystem I ratios, which involve better light utilization in the red spectral region. This is surprisingly accompanied by a partial excitonic antenna decoupling, which was the highest in the cells grown under 687 nm light. So far, a similar phenomenon is known to be induced only by strong light; here we demonstrate that under certain physiological conditions such decoupling is also possible to be induced by weak light. This suggests that suboptimal photosynthetic performance of the near far-red light grown C. gracile cells is due to a solid redox- and/or signal-imbalance, which leads to the activation of this short-term light acclimation process. Using a variety of photo-biophysical methods, we also demonstrate that under blue wavelengths, excessive light is quenched through orange carotenoid protein mediated non-photochemical quenching, whereas under orange/red wavelengths state transitions are involved in photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bernát
- Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Zavřel
- Global Change Research Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Steinbach
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Cellular Imaging Laboratory, Biological Research Center, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Viktor R. Tóth
- Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary
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Toyoshima M, Yamamoto C, Ueno Y, Toya Y, Akimoto S, Shimizu H. Role of type I NADH dehydrogenase in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under phycobilisome excited red light. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110798. [PMID: 33568297 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial type I NADH dehydrogenase (NDH-1) is involved in various bioenergetic reactions including respiration, cyclic electron transport (CET), and CO2 uptake. The role of NDH-1 is usually minor under normal growth conditions and becomes important under stress conditions. However, in our previous study, flux balance analysis (FBA) simulation predicted that the drive of NDH-1 as CET pathway with a photosystem (PS) I/PSII excitation ratio around 1.0 contributes to achieving an optimal specific growth rate. In this study, to experimentally elucidate the predicted functions of NDH-1, first, we measured the PSI/PSII excitation ratios of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 grown under four types of spectral light conditions. The specific growth rate was the highest and PSI/PSII excitation ratio was with 0.88 under the single-peak light at 630 nm (Red1). Considering this measured excitation ratios, FBA simulation predicted that NDH-1-dependent electron transport was the major pathway under Red1. Moreover, in actual culture, an NDH-1 deletion strain had slower growth rate than that of wild type only under Red1 light condition. Therefore, we experimentally demonstrated that NDH-1 plays an important role under optimal light conditions such as Red1 light, where Synechocystis exhibits the highest specific growth rate and PSI/PSII excitation ratio of around 1.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Toyoshima
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yamamoto
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ueno
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Toya
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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50
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Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms have evolved a multitude of mechanisms for protection against high-light stress. IsiA, a chlorophyll a-binding cyanobacterial protein, serves as an accessory antenna complex for photosystem I. Intriguingly, IsiA can also function as an independent pigment protein complex in the thylakoid membrane and facilitate the dissipation of excess energy, providing photoprotection. The molecular basis of the IsiA-mediated excitation quenching mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that IsiA uses a novel cysteine-mediated process to quench excitation energy. The single cysteine in IsiA in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 was converted to a valine. Ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopic analysis showed that this single change abolishes the excitation energy quenching ability of IsiA, thus providing direct evidence of the crucial role of this cysteine residue in energy dissipation from excited chlorophylls. Under stress conditions, the mutant cells exhibited enhanced light sensitivity, indicating that the cysteine-mediated quenching process is critically important for photoprotection.
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