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Shalata W, Abu Saleh O, Tourkey L, Shalata S, Neime AE, Abu Juma’a A, Soklakova A, Tourkey L, Jama AA, Yakobson A. The Efficacy of Cannabis in Oncology Patient Care and Its Anti-Tumor Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2909. [PMID: 39199679 PMCID: PMC11352579 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As the legalization of medical cannabis expands across several countries, interest in its potential advantages among cancer patients and caregivers is burgeoning. However, patients seeking to integrate cannabis into their treatment often encounter frustration when their oncologists lack adequate information to offer guidance. This knowledge gap is exacerbated by the scarcity of published literature on the benefits of medical cannabis, leaving oncologists reliant on evidence-based data disheartened. This comprehensive narrative article, tailored for both clinicians and patients, endeavors to bridge these informational voids. It synthesizes cannabis history, pharmacology, and physiology and focuses on addressing various symptoms prevalent in cancer care, including insomnia, nausea and vomiting, appetite issues, pain management, and potential anti-cancer effects. Furthermore, by delving into the potential mechanisms of action and exploring their relevance in cancer treatment, this article aims to shed light on the potential benefits and effects of cannabis in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Shalata
- The Legacy Heritage Center and Dr. Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Omar Abu Saleh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Emek Medical Centre, Afula 18341, Israel
| | - Lena Tourkey
- The Legacy Heritage Center and Dr. Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sondos Shalata
- Nutrition Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 22000, Israel
| | - Ala Eddin Neime
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ali Abu Juma’a
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Arina Soklakova
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Lama Tourkey
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ashraf Abu Jama
- The Legacy Heritage Center and Dr. Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Alexander Yakobson
- The Legacy Heritage Center and Dr. Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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2
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Feng S, Pan Y, Lu P, Li N, Zhu W, Hao Z. From bench to bedside: the application of cannabidiol in glioma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:648. [PMID: 38987805 PMCID: PMC11238413 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in central nervous system, with significant health burdens to patients. Due to the intrinsic characteristics of glioma and the lack of breakthroughs in treatment modalities, the prognosis for most patients remains poor. This results in a heavy psychological and financial load worldwide. In recent years, cannabidiol (CBD) has garnered widespread attention and research due to its anti-tumoral, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the preclinical and clinical research on the use of CBD in glioma therapy, as well as the current status of nanomedicine formulations of CBD, and discusses the potential and challenges of CBD in glioma therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Feng
- Department of Oncology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, China
- Central Clinical Medical School, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Pu Lu
- Department of Oncology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gynecology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Department of Oncology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, China
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Kalsoom I, Shehzadi K, Li HS, Wen HL, Yu MJ. Unraveling the Mechanisms of Cannabidiol's Pharmacological Actions: A Comprehensive Research Overview. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:20. [PMID: 38829467 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cannabis sativa has long been used for neurological and psychological healing. Recently, cannabidiol (CBD) extracted from cannabis sativa has gained prominence in the medical field due to its non-psychotropic therapeutic effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems. CBD, also acting as a potent antioxidant, displays diverse clinical properties such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, antidepressant, antioxidant, antiemetic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic, and antipsychotic effects. In this review, we summarized the structural activity relationship of CBD with different receptors by both experimental and computational techniques and investigated the mechanism of interaction between related receptors and CBD. The discovery of structural activity relationship between CBD and target receptors would provide a direction to optimize the scaffold of CBD and its derivatives, which would give potential medical applications on CBD-based therapies in various illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Kalsoom
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Kiran Shehzadi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Han-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Hong-Liang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Ming-Jia Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 10081, China.
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Zorba BI, Boyacıoğlu Ö, Çağlayan T, Reçber T, Nemutlu E, Eroğlu İ, Korkusuz P. CB65 and novel CB65 liposomal system suppress MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:274-287. [PMID: 37740901 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2262025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Curable approaches for primary osteosarcoma are inadequate and urge investigation of novel therapeutic formulations. Cannabinoid ligands exert antiproliferative and apoptotic effect on osteosarcoma cells via cannabinoid 2 (CB2) or transient receptor potential vanilloid type (TRPV1) receptors. In this study, we confirmed CB2 receptor expression in MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry (FCM), then reported the reduction effect of synthetic specific CB2 receptor agonist CB65 on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by WST-1 (water-soluble tetrazolium-1) and RTCA (real-time impedance-based proliferation). CB65 revealed an IC50 (inhibitory concentration) for MG63 and Saos-2 cells as 1.11 × 10-11 and 4.95 × 10-11 M, respectively. The specific antiproliferative effect of CB65 on osteosarcoma cells was inhibited by CB2 antagonist AM630. CB65 induced late apoptosis of MG63 and Saos-2 cells at 24 and 48 h, respectively by FCM when applied submaximal concentration. A novel CB65 liposomal system was generated by a thin film hydration method with optimal particle size (141.7 ± 0.6 nm), polydispersity index (0.451 ± 0.026), and zeta potential (-10.9 ± 0.3 mV) values. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of the CB65-loaded liposomal formulation was 51.12%. The CB65 and CB65-loaded liposomal formulation releasing IC50 of CB65 reduced proliferation by RTCA and invasion by scratch assay and induced late apoptosis of MG63 and Saos-2 cells, by FCM. Our results demonstrate the CB2 receptor-mediated antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of a new liposomal CB65 delivery system on osteosarcoma cells that can be used as a targeted and intelligent tool for bone tumors to ameliorate pediatric bone cancers following in vivo validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Işıl Zorba
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Boyacıoğlu
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Çağlayan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Reçber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İpek Eroğlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Mashabela MD, Kappo AP. Anti-Cancer and Anti-Proliferative Potential of Cannabidiol: A Cellular and Molecular Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5659. [PMID: 38891847 PMCID: PMC11171526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids, the bioactive compounds found in Cannabis sativa, have been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, with early discoveries dating back to the BC era (BCE). However, the increased recreational use of cannabis has led to a negative perception of its medicinal and food applications, resulting in legal restrictions in many regions worldwide. Recently, cannabinoids, notably Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), have gained renewed interest in the medical field due to their anti-cancer properties. These properties include the inhibition of tumour growth and cell invasion, anti-inflammatory effects, and the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. As a result, the use of cannabinoids to treat chemotherapy-associated side effects, like nausea, vomiting, and pain, has increased, and there have been suggestions to implement the large-scale use of cannabinoids in cancer therapy. However, these compounds' cellular and molecular mechanisms of action still need to be fully understood. This review explores the recent evidence of CBD's efficacy as an anti-cancer agent, which is of interest due to its non-psychoactive properties. The current review will also provide an understanding of CBD's common cellular and molecular mechanisms in different cancers. Studies have shown that CBD's anti-cancer activity can be receptor-dependent (CB1, CB2, TRPV, and PPARs) or receptor-independent and can be induced through molecular mechanisms, such as ceramide biosynthesis, the induction of ER stress, and subsequent autophagy and apoptosis. It is projected that these molecular mechanisms will form the basis for the therapeutic applications of CBD. Therefore, it is essential to understand these mechanisms for developing and optimizing pre-clinical CBD-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manamele Dannies Mashabela
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa;
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Omer S, Pathak S, Mansour M, Nadar R, Bowen D, Dhanasekaran M, Pondugula SR, Boothe D. Effects of Cannabidiol, ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and WIN 55-212-22 on the Viability of Canine and Human Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 38672512 PMCID: PMC11047936 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we demonstrated the impact of overexpression of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and the inhibitory effect of endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and Anandamide (AEA)) on canine (Canis lupus familiaris) and human (Homo sapiens) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines' viability compared to cells treated with a vehicle. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the anti-cancer effects of the phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55-212-22 (WIN) in canine and human lymphoma cell lines and to compare their inhibitory effect to that of endocannabinoids. We used malignant canine B-cell lymphoma (BCL) (1771 and CLB-L1) and T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (CL-1) cell lines, and human BCL cell line (RAMOS). Our cell viability assay results demonstrated, compared to the controls, a biphasic effect (concentration range from 0.5 μM to 50 μM) with a significant reduction in cancer viability for both phytocannabinoids and the synthetic cannabinoid. However, the decrease in cell viability in the TCL CL-1 line was limited to CBD. The results of the biochemical analysis using the 1771 BCL cell line revealed a significant increase in markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and a decrease in markers of mitochondrial function in cells treated with the exogenous cannabinoids compared to the control. Based on the IC50 values, CBD was the most potent phytocannabinoid in reducing lymphoma cell viability in 1771, Ramos, and CL-1. Previously, we demonstrated the endocannabinoid AEA to be more potent than 2-AG. Our study suggests that future studies should use CBD and AEA for further cannabinoid testing as they might reduce tumor burden in malignant NHL of canines and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Omer
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Suhrud Pathak
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Mahmoud Mansour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Dylan Bowen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Satyanarayana R. Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Dawn Boothe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
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Lyu P, Li H, Wan J, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Wu P, Wan Y, Seeram NP, Chamcheu JC, Liu C, Ma H. Bipiperidinyl Derivatives of Cannabidiol Enhance Its Antiproliferative Effects in Melanoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:478. [PMID: 38671925 PMCID: PMC11047683 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabis and its major cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) are reported to exhibit anticancer activity against skin tumors. However, the cytotoxic effects of other minor cannabinoids and synthetic CBD derivatives in melanoma are not fully elucidated. Herein, the antiproliferative activity of a panel of phytocannabinoids was screened against murine (B16F10) and human (A375) melanoma cells. CBD was the most cytotoxic natural cannabinoid with respective IC50 of 28.6 and 51.6 μM. Further assessment of the cytotoxicity of synthetic CBD derivatives in B16F10 cells identified two bipiperidinyl group-bearing derivatives (22 and 34) with enhanced cytotoxicity (IC50 = 3.1 and 8.5 μM, respectively). Furthermore, several cell death assays including flow cytometric (for apoptosis and ferroptosis) and lactate dehydrogenase (for pyroptosis) assays were used to characterize the antiproliferative activity of CBD and its bipiperidinyl derivatives. The augmented cytotoxicity of 22 and 34 in B16F10 cells was attributed to their capacity to promote apoptosis (as evidenced by increased apoptotic population). Taken together, this study supports the notion that CBD and its derivatives are promising lead compounds for cannabinoid-based interventions for melanoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Lyu
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Junzhao Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yinsheng Wan
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI 02918, USA
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Sciences and Engineering, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (P.L.); (H.L.)
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Al-Khazaleh AK, Jaye K, Chang D, Münch GW, Bhuyan DJ. Buds and Bugs: A Fascinating Tale of Gut Microbiota and Cannabis in the Fight against Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:872. [PMID: 38255944 PMCID: PMC10815411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging research has revealed a complex bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiome and cannabis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota can significantly influence the pharmacological effects of cannabinoids. One notable finding is the ability of the gut microbiota to metabolise cannabinoids, including Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This metabolic transformation can alter the potency and duration of cannabinoid effects, potentially impacting their efficacy in cancer treatment. Additionally, the capacity of gut microbiota to activate cannabinoid receptors through the production of secondary bile acids underscores its role in directly influencing the pharmacological activity of cannabinoids. While the literature reveals promising avenues for leveraging the gut microbiome-cannabis axis in cancer therapy, several critical considerations must be accounted for. Firstly, the variability in gut microbiota composition among individuals presents a challenge in developing universal treatment strategies. The diversity in gut microbiota may lead to variations in cannabinoid metabolism and treatment responses, emphasising the need for personalised medicine approaches. The growing interest in understanding how the gut microbiome and cannabis may impact cancer has created a demand for up-to-date, comprehensive reviews to inform researchers and healthcare practitioners. This review provides a timely and invaluable resource by synthesizing the most recent research findings and spotlighting emerging trends. A thorough examination of the literature on the interplay between the gut microbiome and cannabis, specifically focusing on their potential implications for cancer, is presented in this review to devise innovative and effective therapeutic strategies for managing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad K. Al-Khazaleh
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.K.A.-K.); (K.J.); (D.C.)
| | - Kayla Jaye
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.K.A.-K.); (K.J.); (D.C.)
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.K.A.-K.); (K.J.); (D.C.)
| | - Gerald W. Münch
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.K.A.-K.); (K.J.); (D.C.)
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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Motamedy S, Soltani B, Kameshki H, Kermani AA, Amleshi RS, Nazeri M, Shabani M. The Therapeutic Potential and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Neuroprotective Effects of Sativex ® - A Cannabis-derived Spray. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1427-1448. [PMID: 38318827 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575285934240123110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Sativex is a cannabis-based medicine that comes in the form of an oromucosal spray. It contains equal amounts of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, two compounds derived from cannabis plants. Sativex has been shown to have positive effects on symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and sleep disorders. It also has analgesic, antiinflammatory, antitumoral, and neuroprotective properties, which make it a potential treatment option for other neurological disorders. The article reviews the results of recent preclinical and clinical studies that support the therapeutic potential of Sativex and the molecular mechanisms behind its neuroprotective benefits in various neurological disorders. The article also discusses the possible advantages and disadvantages of using Sativex as a neurotherapeutic agent, such as its safety, efficacy, availability, and legal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Motamedy
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bahareh Soltani
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Halimeh Kameshki
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Reza Saboori Amleshi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Nazeri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Haddou S, Elrherabi A, Loukili EH, Abdnim R, Hbika A, Bouhrim M, Al Kamaly O, Saleh A, Shahat AA, Bnouham M, Hammouti B, Chahine A. Chemical Analysis of the Antihyperglycemic, and Pancreatic α-Amylase, Lipase, and Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Cannabis sativa L. Seed Extracts. Molecules 2023; 29:93. [PMID: 38202676 PMCID: PMC10779963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabis is considered (Cannabis sativa L.) a sacred herb in many countries and is vastly employed in traditional medicine to remedy numerous diseases, such as diabetes. This research investigates the chemical composition of the aqueous extracts from Cannabis sativa L. seeds. Furthermore, the impact of these extracts on pancreatic α-amylase and lipase, and intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes is evaluated, as well as their antihyperglycemic effect. Analysis of the chemical composition of the aqueous extract was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD). In contrast, the ethanol, hexanic, dichloromethane, and aqueous extract compositions have been established. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of ethanolic, dichloromethane, and aqueous extracts on pancreatic α-amylase and lipase, and intestinal α-glucosidase activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results of HPLC analysis indicate that the most abundant phenolic compound in the aqueous cannabis seed extract is 3-hydroxycinnamic acid, followed by 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and rutin acid. Moreover, administration of ethanolic and aqueous extracts at a dose of 150 mg/Kg significantly suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia compared to the control group; the ethanolic, dichloromethane, and aqueous extracts significantly inhibit pancreatic α-amylase and lipase, and intestinal α-glucosidase in vitro. The pancreatic α-amylase test exhibited an inhibition with IC50 values of 16.36 ± 1.24 µg/mL, 19.33 ± 1.40 µg/mL, 23.53 ± 1.70 µg/mL, and 17.06 ± 9.91 µg/mL for EAq, EDm, EET, and EHx, respectively. EET has the highest inhibitory capacity for intestinal α-glucosidase activity, with an IC50 of 32.23 ± 3.26 µg/mL. The extracts inhibit porcine pancreatic lipase activity, demonstrating their potential as lipase inhibitors. Specifically, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the highest inhibition rate (77%) was observed for EDm. To confirm these results, the inhibitory effect of these extracts on enzymes was tested in vivo. The oral intake of aqueous extract markedly reduced starch- and sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in healthy rats. Administration of the ethanolic extract at a specific dose of 150 mg/kg significantly reduced postprandial glycemia compared with the control group. It is, therefore, undeniable that cannabis extracts represent a promising option as a potentially effective treatment for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima Haddou
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, University Street, B.P. 242, Kenitra 14000, Morocco; (S.H.); (A.C.)
| | - Amal Elrherabi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (R.A.); (M.B.)
| | - El Hassania Loukili
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (E.H.L.)
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), B.P. 15, Fes 30070, Morocco;
| | - Rhizlan Abdnim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (R.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Asmae Hbika
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (E.H.L.)
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Abdelaaty A. Shahat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (A.E.); (R.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Belkheir Hammouti
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), B.P. 15, Fes 30070, Morocco;
| | - Abdelkrim Chahine
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, University Street, B.P. 242, Kenitra 14000, Morocco; (S.H.); (A.C.)
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11
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Kovacs D, Flori E, Bastonini E, Mosca S, Migliano E, Cota C, Zaccarini M, Briganti S, Cardinali G. Targeting Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Counteracts the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Keratinocyte-Derived Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17379. [PMID: 38139209 PMCID: PMC10743516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system regulates physiological processes, and the modulation of endogenous endocannabinoid (eCB) levels is an attractive tool to contrast the development of pathological skin conditions including cancers. Inhibiting FAAH (fatty acid amide hydrolase), the degradation enzyme of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) leads to the increase in AEA levels, thus enhancing its biological effects. Here, we evaluated the anticancer property of the FAAH inhibitor URB597, investigating its potential to counteract epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process crucially involved in tumor progression. The effects of the compound were determined in primary human keratinocytes, ex vivo skin explants, and the squamous carcinoma cell line A431. Our results demonstrate that URB597 is able to hinder the EMT process by downregulating mesenchymal markers and reducing migratory potential. These effects are associated with the dampening of the AKT/STAT3 signal pathways and reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumorigenic lipid species. The ability of URB597 to contrast the EMT process provides insight into effective approaches that may also include the use of FAAH inhibitors for the treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kovacs
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Enrica Flori
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Emanuela Bastonini
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Sarah Mosca
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlo Cota
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marco Zaccarini
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Stefania Briganti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Giorgia Cardinali
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
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12
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Sooda K, Allison SJ, Javid FA. Investigation of the cytotoxicity induced by cannabinoids on human ovarian carcinoma cells. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2023; 11:e01152. [PMID: 38100640 PMCID: PMC10723784 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids have been shown to induce anti-tumor activity in a variety of carcinoma cells such as breast, prostate, and brain. The aim of the present study is to investigate the anti-tumor activity of cannabinoids, CBD (cannbidiol), and CBG (cannabigerol) in ovarian carcinoma cells sensitive and resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Sensitive A2780 cells and resistant A2780/CP70 carcinoma cells and non-carcinoma cells were exposed to varying concentrations of CBD, CBG, carboplatin or CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists, AM251 and AM630, respectively, alone or in combination, at different exposure times and cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay. The mechanism of action of CBD and CB in inducing cytotoxicity was investigated involving a variety of apoptotic and cell cycle assays. Treatment with CBD and CBG selectively, dose and time dependently reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis. The effect of CBD was stronger than CBG in all cell lines tested. Both CBD and CBG induced stronger cytotoxicity than afforded by carboplatin in resistant cells. The cytotoxicity induced by CBD was not CB1 or CB2 receptor dependent in both carcinoma cells, however, CBG-induced cytotoxicity may involve CB1 receptor activity in cisplatin-resistant carcinoma cells. A synergistic effect was observed when cannabinoids at sublethal doses were combined with carboplatin in both carcinoma cells. The apoptotic event may involve loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, Annexin V, caspase 3/7, ROS activities, and cell cycle arrest. Further studies are required to investigate whether these results are translatable in the clinic. Combination therapies with conventional cancer treatments using cannabinoids are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartheek Sooda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied SciencesUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK
| | - Simon J. Allison
- Department of Biological & Geographical Sciences, School of Applied SciencesUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK
| | - Farideh A. Javid
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied SciencesUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK
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13
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Wang B, Li D, Fiselier A, Kovalchuk I, Kovalchuk O. High-CBD cannabis extracts inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors via miRNA-mediated silencing in human small intestinal epithelial cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18817. [PMID: 37664748 PMCID: PMC10468390 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of chronic inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases is rapidly growing. To date, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has killed over 6,209,000 people globally, while no drug has been proven effective for the disease. Screening natural anti-inflammatory compounds for clinical application has drawn much attention. In this study, we showed that high-CBD cannabis extracts #1, #5, #7, #169, and #317 suppressed the levels of expression of proinflammatory cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in human small intestinal epithelial cells (HSIEC) in TNFα/IFNγ-triggered inflammation. We revealed that these extracts, with the exception of extract #169, also profoundly attenuated induction of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and/or IL-8 proteins through miR-760- and miR-302c-3p-mediated silencing. The prevalent components in extracts #1 and #7 influenced the levels of IL-8 both individually as well as in combination with each other. However, the high-dose cannabis extracts displayed an inhibitory effect in the growth of HSIEC cells. These results show that our high-CBD cannabis extracts decrease the levels of proinflammatory molecules COX2, IL-6, and IL-8 via transcriptional suppression or miRNA-mediated silencing, highlighting their potential against COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
| | - Anna Fiselier
- Pathway Rx Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
- Swysh Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
- Swysh Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
- Swysh Inc., Calgary, Alberta, T3H 4Z2, Canada
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14
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Creanga-Murariu I, Filipiuc LE, Cuciureanu M, Tamba BI, Alexa-Stratulat T. Should oncologists trust cannabinoids? Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1211506. [PMID: 37521486 PMCID: PMC10373070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1211506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis enjoyed a "golden age" as a medicinal product in the late 19th, early 20th century, but the increased risk of overdose and abuse led to its criminalization. However, the 21st century have witnessed a resurgence of interest and a large body of literature regarding the benefits of cannabinoids have emerged. As legalization and decriminalization have spread around the world, cancer patients are increasingly interested in the potential utility of cannabinoids. Although eager to discuss cannabis use with their oncologist, patients often find them to be reluctant, mainly because clinicians are still not convinced by the existing evidence-based data to guide their treatment plans. Physicians should prescribe cannabis only if a careful explanation can be provided and follow up response evaluation ensured, making it mandatory for them to be up to date with the positive and also negative aspects of the cannabis in the case of cancer patients. Consequently, this article aims to bring some clarifications to clinicians regarding the sometimes-confusing various nomenclature under which this plant is mentioned, current legislation and the existing evidence (both preclinical and clinical) for the utility of cannabinoids in cancer patients, for either palliation of the associated symptoms or even the potential antitumor effects that cannabinoids may have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Creanga-Murariu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
- Oncology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Leontina Elena Filipiuc
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Magda Cuciureanu
- Pharmacology Department, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ionel Tamba
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
- Pharmacology Department, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
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15
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Omer S, Pathak S, Nadar R, Bowen D, Sandey M, Dhanasekaran M, Pondugula S, Mansour M, Boothe D. Validating the anti-lymphoma pharmacodynamic actions of the endocannabinoids on canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Life Sci 2023; 327:121862. [PMID: 37330042 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study established the in vitro anti-lymphoma pharmacodynamic actions of the endocannabinoids (anandamide-AEA and 2-arachidonoylglycerol-2AG) on canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and human NHL cells. MAIN METHODS The expression of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) receptors in various canine NHL cells {1771, CLBL-1, CLL-1, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)} was studied using Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Anti-lymphoma cell viability assay was performed to assess the effect of endocannabinoids on various canine and human NHL cells (1771, CLBL-1, CLL-1, Ramos cells). The spectrophotometric and fluorometric procedures evaluated oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function markers. SAS® and Prism-V La Jolla, CA, USA, were used for statistical analysis. KEY FINDINGS The current study validated the presence of CB1 and CB2 receptors in the canine NHL cells. There was a significantly higher expression of CB1 and CB2 receptors in B-cell lymphoma (BCL) cells (1771, CLBL-1, Ramos) compared to canine T-cell lymphoma (TCL) cells (CL-1). AEA and 2AG dose and time-dependently exhibited significant but differential anti-lymphoma effects on canine and human NHL cells. Anti-lymphoma pharmacodynamic actions of the endocannabinoids in the canine 1771 NHL cells revealed a significant alteration in the markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and a decrease in mitochondrial function without altering the apoptotic markers. SIGNIFICANCE Establishing the anti-lymphoma pharmacodynamic actions of endocannabinoids may provide new therapeutic interventions and expedite cannabinoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Omer
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Shifa College of Dentistry, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Suhrud Pathak
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Dylan Bowen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Mohammed Mansour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Dawn Boothe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
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16
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Tundidor I, Seijo-Vila M, Blasco-Benito S, Rubert-Hernández M, Adámez S, Andradas C, Manzano S, Álvarez-López I, Sarasqueta C, Villa-Morales M, González-Lois C, Ramírez-Medina E, Almoguera B, Sánchez-López AJ, Bindila L, Hamann S, Arnold N, Röcken C, Heras-Murillo I, Sancho D, Moreno-Bueno G, Caffarel MM, Guzmán M, Sánchez C, Pérez-Gómez E. Identification of fatty acid amide hydrolase as a metastasis suppressor in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3130. [PMID: 37253733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical management of breast cancer (BC) metastasis remains an unmet need as it accounts for 90% of BC-associated mortality. Although the luminal subtype, which represents >70% of BC cases, is generally associated with a favorable outcome, it is susceptible to metastatic relapse as late as 15 years after treatment discontinuation. Seeking therapeutic approaches as well as screening tools to properly identify those patients with a higher risk of recurrence is therefore essential. Here, we report that the lipid-degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a predictor of long-term survival in patients with luminal BC, and that it blocks tumor progression and lung metastasis in cell and mouse models of BC. Together, our findings highlight the potential of FAAH as a biomarker with prognostic value in luminal BC and as a therapeutic target in metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Tundidor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Seijo-Vila
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Blasco-Benito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rubert-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Adámez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Andradas
- Brain Tumor Research Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sara Manzano
- Breast Cancer Group, Oncology Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Isabel Álvarez-López
- Breast Cancer Group, Oncology Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Gipuzkoa Cancer Unit, OSI Donostialdea-Onkologikoa Foundation, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cristina Sarasqueta
- Unit of Information and Healthcare Results, OSI Donostialdea, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Methodological Support Unit, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María Villa-Morales
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Lois
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Ramírez-Medina
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Almoguera
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Sánchez-López
- Biobank Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bindila
- Clinical Lipidomics Unit, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sigrid Hamann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- MD Anderson International Foundation; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM); Department of Biochemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María M Caffarel
- Breast Cancer Group, Oncology Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque-Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria y Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Aliya S, Farani MR, Kim E, Kim S, Gupta VK, Kumar K, Huh YS. Therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironments with cannabinoids and their analogs: Update on clinical trials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:115862. [PMID: 37146933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major global public health concern that affects both industrialized and developing nations. Current cancer chemotherapeutic options are limited by side effects, but plant-derived alternatives and their derivatives offer the possibilities of enhanced treatment response and reduced side effects. A plethora of recently published articles have focused on treatments based on cannabinoids and cannabinoid analogs and reported that they positively affect healthy cell growth and reverse cancer-related abnormalities by targeting aberrant tumor microenvironments (TMEs), lowering tumorigenesis, preventing metastasis, and/or boosting the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Furthermore, TME modulating systems are receiving much interest in the cancer immunotherapy field because it has been shown that TMEs have significant impacts on tumor progression, angiogenesis, invasion, migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis and development of drug resistance. Here, we have reviewed the effective role of cannabinoids, their analogs and cannabinoid nano formulations on the cellular components of TME (endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblast and immune cells) and how efficiently it retards the progression of carcinogenesis is discussed. The article summarizes the existing research on the molecular mechanisms of cannabinoids regulation of the TME and finally highlights the human studies on cannabinoids' active interventional clinical trials. The conclusion outlines the need for future research involving clinical trials of cannabinoids to demonstrate their efficacy and activity as a treatment/prevention for various types of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheik Aliya
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eunsu Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Suheon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Sirbu CA, Georgescu R, Pleşa FC, Paunescu A, Marilena Ţânţu M, Nicolae AC, Caloianu I, Mitrica M. Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis: From Experimental Models to Clinical Practice-A Review. Am J Ther 2023; 30:e220-e231. [PMID: 37278703 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As far as 80% of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience disabling symptoms in the course of the disease, such as spasticity and neuropathic pain. As first-line symptomatic therapy is associated with important adverse reactions, cannabinoids have become increasingly popular among patients with MS. This review intends to provide an overview of the evidence of the role of cannabinoids in treating symptoms related to MS and to encourage further research on this matter. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY To date, the evidence supporting the role of cannabis and its derivatives in alleviating the MS-related symptoms comes only from studies on experimental models of demyelination. To the best of our knowledge, relatively few clinical trials inquired about the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids on patients with MS, with variable results. DATA SOURCES We conducted a literature search through PubMed and Google Scholar from the beginning until 2022. We included articles in English describing the latest findings regarding the endocannabinoid system, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, and their therapeutic purpose in MS. RESULTS Evidence from preclinical studies showed that cannabinoids can limit the demyelination process, promote remyelination, and have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing immune cell infiltration of the central nervous system in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Moreover, it has been established that experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice treated with cannabinoids experienced a significant reduction of symptoms and slowing of the disease progression. Given the complexity of human immune and nervous systems, cannabinoids did not have the anticipated effects on human subjects. However, data obtained from clinical trials showed some beneficial results of cannabinoids as a single or as add-on therapy in reducing the spasticity and pain related to MS. CONCLUSION Considering their various mechanisms of action and good tolerability, cannabinoids remain an interesting therapy for spasticity and chronic pain related to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Adella Sirbu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Georgescu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Cristina Pleşa
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Paunescu
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Pitesti, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, Piteşti, Romania
| | - Monica Marilena Ţânţu
- Department of Health Care and Physical Therapy, University of Pitesti, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, Piteşti, Romania
| | - Alina Crenguţa Nicolae
- Biochemistry Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; and
| | - Ionut Caloianu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Mitrica
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, Romania
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19
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Almeida CF, Teixeira N, Valente MJ, Vinggaard AM, Correia-da-Silva G, Amaral C. Cannabidiol as a Promising Adjuvant Therapy for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Tumors: Unveiling Its Benefits with Aromatase Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092517. [PMID: 37173983 PMCID: PMC10177097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is the most diagnosed subtype, with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) being one of the therapeutic drug types used in the clinic. However, endocrine resistance may develop after prolonged treatment, and different approaches, such as combining endocrine and targeted therapies, have been applied. Recently, we demonstrated that cannabidiol (CBD) induces anti-tumor actions in ER+ breast cancer cells by targeting aromatase and ERs. Considering this, we studied, in vitro, whether CBD when combined with AIs could improve their effectiveness. METHODS MCF-7aro cells were used and the effects on cell viability and on the modulation of specific targets were investigated. RESULTS CBD when combined with anastrozole (Ana) and letrozole (Let) caused no beneficial effect in comparison to the isolated AIs. In contrast, when combined with the AI exemestane (Exe), CBD potentiated its pro-cell death effects, abolished its estrogen-like effect, impaired ERα activation, and prevented its oncogenic role on the androgen receptor (AR). Moreover, this combination inhibited ERK1/2 activation, promoting apoptosis. The study of the hormonal microenvironment suggests that this combination should not be applied in early stages of ER+ breast tumors. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to Ana and Let, this study highlights the potential benefits of combining CBD with Exe to improve breast cancer treatment and opens up the possibility of new therapeutic approaches comprising the use of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ferreira Almeida
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Natércia Teixeira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Valente
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Vinggaard
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Georgina Correia-da-Silva
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Amaral
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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20
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Costas-Insua C, Seijo-Vila M, Blázquez C, Blasco-Benito S, Rodríguez-Baena FJ, Marsicano G, Pérez-Gómez E, Sánchez C, Sánchez-Laorden B, Guzmán M. Neuronal Cannabinoid CB 1 Receptors Suppress the Growth of Melanoma Brain Metastases by Inhibiting Glutamatergic Signalling. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092439. [PMID: 37173906 PMCID: PMC10177062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of cancer. Most melanoma deaths are caused by distant metastases in several organs, especially the brain, the so-called melanoma brain metastases (MBMs). However, the precise mechanisms that sustain the growth of MBMs remain elusive. Recently, the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate has been proposed as a brain-specific, pro-tumorigenic signal for various types of cancers, but how neuronal glutamate shuttling onto metastases is regulated remains unknown. Here, we show that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), a master regulator of glutamate output from nerve terminals, controls MBM proliferation. First, in silico transcriptomic analysis of cancer-genome atlases indicated an aberrant expression of glutamate receptors in human metastatic melanoma samples. Second, in vitro experiments conducted on three different melanoma cell lines showed that the selective blockade of glutamatergic NMDA receptors, but not AMPA or metabotropic receptors, reduces cell proliferation. Third, in vivo grafting of melanoma cells in the brain of mice selectively devoid of CB1Rs in glutamatergic neurons increased tumour cell proliferation in concert with NMDA receptor activation, whereas melanoma cell growth in other tissue locations was not affected. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an unprecedented regulatory role of neuronal CB1Rs in the MBM tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Costas-Insua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Seijo-Vila
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Blasco-Benito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Baena
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, NeuroCentre Magendie, U1215 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Sánchez-Laorden
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Ebrahimi N, Far NP, Fakhr SS, Faghihkhorasani F, Miraghel SA, Chaleshtori SR, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Beiranvand S, Baziyar P, Manavi MS, Zarrabi A, Nabavi N, Ren J, Aref AR. The endocannabinoid system, a new gatekeeper in the pharmacology of human hepatocellular carcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115914. [PMID: 37062475 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous prevention methodologies and treatment options, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains as the third leading life-threatening cancer. It is thus pertinent to develop new treatment modality to fight this devastating carcinoma. Ample recent studies have shown the anti-inflammatory and antitumor roles of the endocannabinoid system in various forms of cancers. Preclinical studies have also confirmed that cannabinoid therapy can be an optimal regimen for cancer treatments. The endocannabinoid system is involved in many cancer-related processes, including induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent apoptosis, autophagy, PITRK and ERK signaling pathways, cell invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes. Moreover, changes in signaling transduction of the endocannabinoid system can be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC. Due to its pivotal role in lipid metabolism, the endocannabinoid system affects metabolic reprogramming as well as lipid content of exosomes. In addition, due to the importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), several studies have examined the relationship between microRNAs and the endocannabinoid system in HCC. However, HCC is a pathological condition with high heterogeneity, and therefore using the endocannabinoid system for treatment has faced many controversies. While some studies favored a role of the endocannabinoid system in carcinogenesis and tumor induction, others exhibited the anticancer potential of endocannabinoids in HCC. In this review, specific studies delineating the relationship between endocannabinoids and HCC are examined. Based on collected findings, detailed studies of the molecular mechanism of endocannabinoids as well as preclinical studies for investigating therapeutic or carcinogenic impacts in HCC cancer are strongly suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Pazhouhesh Far
- Department of Microbiology,Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Seifollahy Fakhr
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Campus, Hamar, Norway
| | | | - Seyed Ali Miraghel
- Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Sheida Beiranvand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Payam Baziyar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Uinversity of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA.
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22
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Wang C, Dong C, Lu Y, Freeman K, Wang C, Guo M. Digestion behavior, in vitro and in vivo bioavailability of cannabidiol in emulsions stabilized by whey protein-maltodextrin conjugate: Impact of carrier oil. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113154. [PMID: 36708645 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An emulsion delivery system may be affected significantly by oil phase composition in terms of digestion behavior and bioavailability of the delivered substance. In this study, emulsions loaded with cannabidiol (CBD) were prepared with medium chain triglyceride (MCT), long chain triglyceride (LCT) or MCT/LCT(1:1) as carrier oil and whey protein-maltodextrin conjugate as emulsifier, and the digestion behavior of emulsion and bioavailability of CBD were assessed in vitro and in vivo. The particle size of emulsions throughout the in vitro digestion process was in the order of MCT < MCT/LCT < LCT, and three emulsions showed consistent particle size changes: stable in oral phase, sharply increased in gastric phase, and decreased in small intestine. After intestinal digestion, about 90% of free fatty acids (FFA) was released in MCT emulsion, followed by MCT/LCT (76%) and then LCT (45%). CBD was degraded during gastrointestinal digestion and the transformation stability of CBD in oil phase was in the order of LCT > MCT/LCT > MCT. Although CBD had higher bioaccessibility in MCT and MCT/LCT emulsions, the bioavailability of CBD in LCT was the highest (43%), followed by MCT/LCT (39%), MCT (33%). In vivo pharmacokinetic study showed that MCT/LCT and LCT were more favorable for CBD transport and absorption. The results may provide useful information for the construction of delivery systems, protecting CBD molecules, and improving their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yingcong Lu
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Kalev Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Cuina Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Mingruo Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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23
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Graziano G, Delre P, Carofiglio F, Brea J, Ligresti A, Kostrzewa M, Riganti C, Gioè-Gallo C, Majellaro M, Nicolotti O, Colabufo NA, Abate C, Loza MI, Sotelo E, Mangiatordi GF, Contino M, Stefanachi A, Leonetti F. N-adamantyl-anthranil amide derivatives: New selective ligands for the cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R). Eur J Med Chem 2023; 248:115109. [PMID: 36657299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that, together with Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), endogenous cannabinoids and enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation, forms the EndoCannabinoid System (ECS). In the last decade, several studies have shown that CB2R is overexpressed in activated central nervous system (CNS) microglia cells, in disorders based on an inflammatory state, such as neurodegenerative diseases, neuropathic pain, and cancer. For this reason, the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory potentials of CB2R ligands are emerging as a novel therapeutic approach. The design of selective ligands is however hampered by the high sequence homology of transmembrane domains of CB1R and CB2R. Based on a recent three-arm pharmacophore hypothesis and latest CB2R crystal structures, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of new N-adamantyl-anthranil amide derivatives as CB2R selective ligands. Interestingly, this new class of compounds displayed a high affinity for human CB2R along with an excellent selectivity respect to CB1R. In this respect, compounds exhibiting the best pharmacodynamic profile in terms of CB2R affinity were also evaluated for the functional behavior and molecular docking simulations provided a sound rationale by highlighting the relevance of the arm 1 substitution to prompt CB2R action. Moreover, the modulation of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production was also investigated to exert the ability of the best compounds to modulate the inflammatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Graziano
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- CNR - Institute of Crystallography, Via Giovanni Amendola, 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Carofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Josè Brea
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Magdalena Kostrzewa
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Gioè-Gallo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Maria Majellaro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Abate
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; CNR - Institute of Crystallography, Via Giovanni Amendola, 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | | | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E.Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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24
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Zhong N, Li D, Wang B, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Cannabinol inhibits cell growth and triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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25
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Luz-Veiga M, Azevedo-Silva J, Fernandes JC. Beyond Pain Relief: A Review on Cannabidiol Potential in Medical Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:155. [PMID: 37259306 PMCID: PMC9958812 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) is receiving increasing attention due to its pharmacological properties. Although CBD is extracted from Cannabis sativa, it lacks the psychoactive effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and has become an attractive compound for pharmacological uses due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic potential. The molecular mechanisms involved in CBD's biological effects are not limited to its interaction with classical cannabinoid receptors, exerting anti-inflammatory or pain-relief effects. Several pieces of evidence demonstrate that CBD interacts with other receptors and cellular signaling cascades, which further support CBD's therapeutic potential beyond pain management. In this review, we take a closer look at the molecular mechanisms of CBD and its potential therapeutic application in the context of cancer, neurodegeneration, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Luz-Veiga
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Azevedo-Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João C. Fernandes
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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26
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Blal K, Besser E, Procaccia S, Schwob O, Lerenthal Y, Abu Tair J, Meiri D, Benny O. The Effect of Cannabis Plant Extracts on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the Quest for Cannabis-Based Personalized Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020497. [PMID: 36672446 PMCID: PMC9856564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa plants have a wide diversity in their metabolite composition among their different chemovars, facilitating diverse anti-tumoral effects on cancer cells. This research examined the anti-tumoral effects of 24 cannabis extracts representative of three primary types of chemovars on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The chemical composition of the extracts was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). The most potent anti-tumoral extracts were type III decarboxylated extracts, with high levels of Cannabidiol (CBD). We identified extract 296 (CAN296) as the most potent in inducing HNSCC cell death via proapoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. Using chemical fractionation of CAN296, we identified the CBD fraction as the primary inducer of the anti-tumoral activity. We succeeded in defining the combination of CBD with cannabichromene (CBC) or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) present in minute concentrations in the extract, yielding a synergic impact that mimics the extract's full effect. The cytotoxic effect could be maximized by combining CBD with either CBC or THC in a ratio of 2:1. This research suggests using decarboxylated CBD-type extracts enriched with CBC for future preclinical trials aimed at HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kifah Blal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | - Elazar Besser
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cannabinoid Research, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shiri Procaccia
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cannabinoid Research, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ouri Schwob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | | | - Jawad Abu Tair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - David Meiri
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cannabinoid Research, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (O.B.); Tel.: +972-52-5330031 (D.M.); +972-52-8461462 (O.B.)
| | - Ofra Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (O.B.); Tel.: +972-52-5330031 (D.M.); +972-52-8461462 (O.B.)
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27
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Schanknecht E, Bachari A, Nassar N, Piva T, Mantri N. Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010859. [PMID: 36614303 PMCID: PMC9820847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is deadly, physically impairing, and has ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens include surgery, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and combined approaches. Each of these treatments face pitfalls, with diminutive five-year survival in patients with advanced metastatic invasion of lymph and secondary organ tissues. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids; both natural and synthetic, have emerging evidence of nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmacological potential, including specific anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa is a wellspring of medicinal compounds whose direct and adjunctive application may offer considerable relief for melanoma suffers worldwide. This review aims to address the diverse applications of C. sativa's biocompounds in the scope of melanoma and suggest it as a strong candidate for ongoing pharmacological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Schanknecht
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Ava Bachari
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nazim Nassar
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Terrence Piva
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Costas‐Insua C, Guzmán M. Endocannabinoid signaling in glioma. Glia 2023; 71:127-138. [PMID: 35322459 PMCID: PMC9790654 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas constitute the most frequent and aggressive form of primary brain cancer in adults. These tumors express cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, as well as other elements of the endocannabinoid system. Accruing preclinical evidence supports that pharmacological activation of cannabinoid receptors located on glioma cells exerts overt anti-tumoral effects by modulating key intracellular signaling pathways. The mechanism of this cannabinoid receptor-evoked anti-tumoral activity in experimental models of glioma is intricate and may involve an inhibition not only of cancer cell survival/proliferation, but also of invasiveness, angiogenesis, and the stem cell-like properties of cancer cells, thereby affecting the complex tumor microenvironment. However, the precise biological role of the endocannabinoid system in the generation and progression of glioma seems very context-dependent and remains largely unknown. Increasing our basic knowledge on how (endo)cannabinoids act on glioma cells could help to optimize experimental cannabinoid-based anti-tumoral therapies, as well as the preliminary clinical testing that is currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Costas‐Insua
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense UniversityMadridSpain,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)MadridSpain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense UniversityMadridSpain,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)MadridSpain
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Rodriguez-Almaraz JE, Butowski N. Therapeutic and Supportive Effects of Cannabinoids in Patients with Brain Tumors (CBD Oil and Cannabis). Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023; 24:30-44. [PMID: 36633803 PMCID: PMC9867687 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-022-01047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The potential medicinal properties of Cannabis continue to garner attention, especially in the brain tumor domain. This attention is centered on quality of life and symptom management; however, it is amplified by a significant lack of therapeutic choices for this specific patient population. While the literature on this matter is young, published and anecdotal evidence imply that cannabis could be useful in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, stimulating appetite, reducing pain, and managing seizures. It may also decrease inflammation and cancer cell proliferation and survival, resulting in a benefit in overall patient survival. Current literature poses the challenge that it does not provide standardized guidance on dosing for the above potential indications and cannabis use is dominated by recreational purposes. Furthermore, integrated and longitudinal studies are needed but these are a challenge due to arcane laws surrounding the legality of such substances. The increasing need for evidence-based arguments about potential harms and benefits of cannabis, not only in cancer patients but for other medical use and recreational purposes, is desperately needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Eduardo Rodriguez-Almaraz
- Neuro Surgery Department Division of Neuro-Oncology, University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th floor, RM A808, San Francisco, California USA
- Deparment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th floor, RM A808, San Francisco, California USA
| | - Nicholas Butowski
- Neuro Surgery Department Division of Neuro-Oncology, University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th floor, RM A808, San Francisco, California USA
- Deparment of Molecular Science, University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th floor, RM A808, San Francisco, California USA
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Real-Time Monitoring of the Cytotoxic and Antimetastatic Properties of Cannabidiol in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415842. [PMID: 36555480 PMCID: PMC9785110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is an active natural compound that is extracted from Cannabis sativa. Previous studies show that CBD is a nonpsychotropic compound with significant anticancer effects. This study determines its cytotoxic effect on oral cancer cells and OEC-M1 cells and compares the outcomes with a chemotherapeutic drug, cisplatin. This study has investigated the effect of CBD on the viability, apoptosis, morphology, and migration of OEC-M1 cells. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is used to measure the change in cell impedance for cells that are treated with a series concentration of CBD for 24 h. AlamarBlue and annexin V/7-AAD staining assays show that CBD has a cytotoxic effect on cell viability and induces cell apoptosis. ECIS analysis shows that CBD decreases the overall resistance and morphological parameters at 4 kHz in a concentration-dependent manner. There is a significant reduction in the wound-healing recovery rate for cells that are treated with 30 μM CBD. This study demonstrates that ECIS can be used for in vitro screening of new chemotherapy and is more sensitive, functional, and comprehensive than traditional biochemical assays. CBD also increases cytotoxicity on cell survival and the migration of oral cancer cells, so it may be a therapeutic drug for oral cancer.
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Aziz AI, Nguyen LC, Oumeslakht L, Bensussan A, Ben Mkaddem S. Cannabinoids as Immune System Modulators: Cannabidiol Potential Therapeutic Approaches and Limitations. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 8:254-269. [PMID: 36413346 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) is the second most abundant Phytocannabinoid in Cannabis extracts. CBD has a binding affinity for several cannabinoid and cannabinoid-associated receptors. Epidiolex (oral CBD solution) has been lately licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of pediatric epileptic seizures. Methods: In this review, we discussed the most promising applications of CBD for chronic inflammatory conditions, namely CBD's anti-inflammatory effects during inflammatory bowel disease, coronavirus disease (antiviral effect), brain pathologies (neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties), as well as CBD immunomodulatory and antitumoral activities in the tumor microenvironment. Special focus was shed on the main therapeutic mechanisms of action of CBD, particularly in the control of the immune system and the endocannabinoid system. Results: Findings suggest that CBD is a potent immunomodulatory drug as it has manifested immunosuppressive properties in the context of sterile inflammation (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases), and immunoprotective effects during viral infections (e.g. COVID-19) Similarly, CBD has exhibited a selective response toward cancer types by engaging different targets and signaling pathways. These results are in favor of the primary function of the endocannabinoid system which is homeostatic maintenance. Conclusion: The presented evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system is a prominent target for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid diseases, viral infections, neurological and psychological pathologies, and cancer. Moreover, the antitumoral activities of CBD have been suggested to be potentially used in combination with chemo- or immunotherapy during cancer. However, clinical results are still lacking, which raises a challenge to apply translational cannabis research to the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-ilah Aziz
- Institute of Biological and Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Long Chi Nguyen
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Loubna Oumeslakht
- Institute of Biological and Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Armand Bensussan
- Institute of Biological and Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
- Onco-Dermatology and Therapies, INSERM UMRS976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Sanae Ben Mkaddem
- Institute of Biological and Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Shalev N, Kendall M, Anil SM, Tiwari S, Peeri H, Kumar N, Belausov E, Vinayaka AC, Koltai H. Phytocannabinoid Compositions from Cannabis Act Synergistically with PARP1 Inhibitor against Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro and Affect the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:7523. [PMID: 36364346 PMCID: PMC9653955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the single most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Cannabis sativa is used to treat various medical conditions, and is cytotoxic to a variety of cancer types. We sought to examine the effectiveness of different combinations of cannabis compounds against OC. Cytotoxic activity was determined by XTT assay on HTB75 and HTB161 cell lines. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR and protein localization by confocal microscopy. The two most active fractions, F5 and F7, from a high Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabis strain extract, and their standard mix (SM), showed cytotoxic activity against OC cells and induced cell apoptosis. The most effective phytocannabinoid combination was THC+cannabichromene (CBC)+cannabigerol (CBG). These fractions acted in synergy with niraparib, a PARP inhibitor, and were ~50-fold more cytotoxic to OC cells than to normal keratinocytes. The F7 and/or niraparib treatments altered Wnt pathway-related gene expression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and β-catenin cellular localization. The niraparib+F7 treatment was also effective on an OC patient's cells. Given the fact that combinations of cannabis compounds and niraparib act in synergy and alter the Wnt signaling pathway, these phytocannabinoids should be examined as effective OC treatments in further pre-clinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Shalev
- The Mina and Everard Goodman, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | | | - Seegehalli M. Anil
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Sudeep Tiwari
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Hadar Peeri
- The Mina and Everard Goodman, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Navin Kumar
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Ajjampura C. Vinayaka
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Hinanit Koltai
- Institute of Plant Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FULL-SPECTRUM CANNABIS EXTRACT LOADED POLY(THIOETHER-ESTER) NANOPARTICLES: IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTITUMORAL EFFICACY. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Dasram MH, Walker RB, Khamanga SM. Recent Advances in Endocannabinoid System Targeting for Improved Specificity: Strategic Approaches to Targeted Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13223. [PMID: 36362014 PMCID: PMC9658826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Opportunities for developing innovative and intelligent drug delivery technologies by targeting the endocannabinoid system are becoming more apparent. This review provides an overview of strategies to develop targeted drug delivery using the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Recent advances in endocannabinoid system targeting showcase enhanced pharmaceutical therapy specificity while minimizing undesirable side effects and overcoming formulation challenges associated with cannabinoids. This review identifies advances in targeted drug delivery technologies that may permit access to the full pharmacotherapeutic potential of the ECS. The design of optimized nanocarriers that target specific tissues can be improved by understanding the nature of the signaling pathways, distribution in the mammalian body, receptor structure, and enzymatic degradation of the ECS. A closer look at ligand-receptor complexes, endocannabinoid tone, tissue distribution, and G-protein activity leads to a better understanding of the potential of the ECS toolkit for therapeutics. The signal transduction pathways examine the modulation of downstream effector proteins, desensitization, signaling cascades, and biased signaling. An in-depth and overall view of the targeted system is achieved through homology modeling where mutagenesis and ligand binding examine the binding site and allow sequence analysis and the formation of libraries for molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Internalization routes exploring receptor-mediated endocytosis and lipid rafts are also considered for explicit signaling. Furthermore, the review highlights nanotechnology and surface modification aspects as a possible future approach for specific targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandile M. Khamanga
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6139, South Africa
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Cherkasova V, Wang B, Gerasymchuk M, Fiselier A, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids for Treatment of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5142. [PMID: 36291926 PMCID: PMC9600568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an ancient homeostasis mechanism operating from embryonic stages to adulthood. It controls the growth and development of many cells and cell lineages. Dysregulation of the components of the ECS may result in uncontrolled proliferation, adhesion, invasion, inhibition of apoptosis and increased vascularization, leading to the development of various malignancies. Cancer is the disease of uncontrolled cell division. In this review, we will discuss whether the changes to the ECS are a cause or a consequence of malignization and whether different tissues react differently to changes in the ECS. We will discuss the potential use of cannabinoids for treatment of cancer, focusing on primary outcome/care-tumor shrinkage and eradication, as well as secondary outcome/palliative care-improvement of life quality, including pain, appetite, sleep, and many more factors. Finally, we will complete this review with the chapter on sex- and gender-specific differences in ECS and response to cannabinoids, and equality of the access to treatments with cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Cherkasova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Marta Gerasymchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Anna Fiselier
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Vidlarova M, Berta E, Prasil P, Prokopova A, Gurska S, Khoylou M, Rehulkova A, Kourilova P, Chudacek J, Szkorupa M, Klein J, Skarda J, Srovnal J, Hajduch M. Cannabinoid receptor 2 expression in early-stage non-small cell lung cancers identifies patients with good prognosis and longer survival. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022; 11:2040-2050. [PMID: 36386452 PMCID: PMC9641041 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death with a 5-year survival of only 21%. Reliable prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are needed to improve NSCLC patient stratification, particularly in curative disease stages. Since the endogenous cannabinoid system is involved in both carcinogenesis and anticancer immune defense, we hypothesized that tumor tissue expression of cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors (CB1 and CB2) may affect survival. METHODS Tumor tissue samples collected from 100 NSCLC patients undergoing radical surgery were analyzed for CB1 and CB2 gene and protein expression using the quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The gene and protein expression data were correlated with disease stage, histology, tumor grading, application of chemotherapy, and survival. Additional paired tumor and normal tissue samples of 10 NSCLC patients were analyzed independently for comparative analysis of CB1 and CB2 gene expression. RESULTS Patients with tumors expressing the CB2 gene had significantly longer overall survival (OS) (P<0.001), cancer specific survival (CSS) (P=0.002), and disease-free survival (DFS) (P<0.001). They also presented with fewer lymph node metastases at the time of surgery (P=0.011). A multivariate analysis identified CB2 tumor tissue gene expression as a positive prognostic factor for CSS [hazard ratio (HR) =0.274; P=0.013] and DFS (HR =0.322; P=0.009), and increased CSS. High CB2 gene and protein expression were detected in 79.6% and 31.5% of the tested tumor tissue samples, respectively. Neither CB1 gene nor CB1 or CB2 protein expression affected survival. When comparing paired tumor and tumor-free lung tissue samples, we observed reduced CB1 (P=0.008) and CB1 (P=0.056) gene expression in tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS In NSCLC patients undergoing radical surgery, expression of the CB1 and CB2 receptor genes is significantly decreased in neoplastic versus tumor-free lung tissue. CB2 tumor tissue gene expression is strongly associated with longer survival (OS, CSS, DFS) and fewer lymph node metastases at the time of surgery. More studies are needed to evaluate its role as a biomarker in NSCLC and to investigate the potential use of CB2 modulators to treat or prevent lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vidlarova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Emil Berta
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic;,Ringerike Hospital, Hønefoss, Norway
| | - Petr Prasil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Landesklinikum Amstetten, Amstetten, Austria
| | - Andrea Prokopova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Gurska
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Khoylou
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alona Rehulkova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Kourilova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Chudacek
- I. Department of Surgery, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Szkorupa
- I. Department of Surgery, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Klein
- Tomas Bata Regional Hospital in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Srovnal
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic;,Cancer Research Czech Republic, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic;,Cancer Research Czech Republic, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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37
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Anti-Cancer Activity of Cannabis sativa Phytocannabinoids: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential in the Fight against Ovarian Cancer and Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174299. [PMID: 36077833 PMCID: PMC9454933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with about 70% of cases diagnosed only at an advanced stage. Cannabis sativa, which produces more than 150 phytocannabinoids, is used worldwide to alleviate numerous symptoms associated with various medical conditions. Recently, studies across a range of cancer types have demonstrated that the phytocannabinoids Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo, but also the potential to increase other drugs’ adverse effects. THC and CBD act via several different biological and signaling pathways, including receptor-dependent and receptor-independent pathways. However, very few studies have examined the effectiveness of cannabis compounds against OC. Moreover, little is known about the effectiveness of cannabis compounds against cancer stem cells (CSCs) in general and OC stem cells (OCSCs) in particular. CSCs have been implicated in tumor initiation, progression, and invasion, as well as tumor recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several hallmarks and concepts describe CSCs. OCSCs, too, are characterized by several markers and specific drug-resistance mechanisms. While there is no peer-reviewed information regarding the effect of cannabis and cannabis compounds on OCSC viability or development, cannabis compounds have been shown to affect genetic pathways and biological processes related to CSCs and OCSCs. Based on evidence from other cancer-type studies, the use of phytocannabinoid-based treatments to disrupt CSC homeostasis is suggested as a potential intervention to prevent chemotherapy resistance. The potential benefits of the combination of chemotherapy with phytocannabinoid treatment should be examined in ovarian cancer patients.
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Sakarin S, Meesiripan N, Sangrajrang S, Suwanpidokkul N, Prayakprom P, Bodhibukkana C, Khaowroongrueng V, Suriyachan K, Thanasittichai S, Srisubat A, Surawongsin P, Rattanapinyopituk K. Antitumor Effects of Cannabinoids in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (Capan-2)-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:867575. [PMID: 35937289 PMCID: PMC9353045 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.867575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is considered a rare type of cancer, but the mortality rate is high. Cannabinoids extracted from the cannabis plant have been interested as an alternative treatment in cancer patients. Only a few studies are available on the antitumor effects of cannabinoids in pancreatic cancer. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the antitumor effects of cannabinoids in pancreatic cancer xenografted mouse model. Materials and Methods Twenty-five nude mice were subcutaneously transplanted with a human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line (Capan-2). All mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups including negative control (gavage with sesame oil), positive control (5 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil intraperitoneal administration), and cannabinoids groups that daily received THC:CBD, 1:6 at 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight for 30 days, respectively. Xenograft tumors and internal organs were collected for histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. Results The average tumor volume was increased in all groups with no significant difference. The average apoptotic cells and caspase-3 positive cells were significantly increased in cannabinoid groups compared with the negative control group. The expression score of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in positive control and cannabinoids groups was decreased compared with the negative control group. Conclusions Cannabinoids have an antitumor effect on the Capan-2-derived xenograft mouse model though induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Sakarin
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuntana Meesiripan
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suleeporn Sangrajrang
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Kankanit Suriyachan
- Institute of Medical Research and Technology Assessment, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Somchai Thanasittichai
- Institute of Medical Research and Technology Assessment, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Attasit Srisubat
- Division of Medical Technical and Academic Affairs, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Pattamaporn Surawongsin
- Research and Technology Assessment Department, Ophthalmology Department, Lerdsin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kasem Rattanapinyopituk
- Center of Excellent for Companion Animal Cancer, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Kasem Rattanapinyopituk
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Milián L, Monleón-Guinot I, Sancho-Tello M, Galbis JM, Cremades A, Almenar-Ordaz M, Peñaroja-Martinez J, Farras R, Martín de Llano JJ, Carda C, Mata M. In Vitro Effect of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Isolated from Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126766. [PMID: 35743206 PMCID: PMC9223514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that demonstrates the effect of cannabinoid agonists inhibiting relevant aspects in lung cancer, such as proliferation or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Most of these studies are based on evidence observed in in vitro models developed on cancer cell lines. These studies do not consider the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). One of the main components of the TME is cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), cells that are relevant in the control of proliferation and metastasis in lung cancer. In this work, we evaluated the direct effects of two cannabinoid agonists, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), used alone or in combination, on CAFs and non-tumor normal fibroblasts (NFs) isolated from adenocarcinoma or from healthy lung tissue from the same patients. We observed that these compounds decrease cell density in vitro and inhibit the increase in the relative expression of type 1 collagen (COL1A1) and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1) induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). On the other hand, we studied whether THC and CBD could modulate the interactions between CAFs or NFs and cancer cells. We conditioned the culture medium with stromal cells treated or not with THC and/or CBD and cultured A549 cells with them. We found that culture media conditioned with CAFs or NFs increased cell density, induced morphological changes consistent with EMT, inhibited cadherin-1 (CDH1) gene expression, and induced an increase in the relative expression of cadherin-2 (CDH2) and vimentin (VIM) genes in A549 cells. These changes were inhibited or decreased by THC and CBD administered alone or in combination. In another series of experiments, we conditioned culture media with A549 cells treated or not with THC and/or CBD, in the presence or absence of TGFβ. We observed that culture media conditioned with A549 in the presence of TGFβ induced an increase in the expression of COL1A1 and VIM, both in CAFs and in non-tumor NFs. Both THC and CBD ameliorated these effects. In summary, the results presented here reinforce the usefulness of cannabinoid agonists for the treatment of some relevant aspects of lung cancer pathology, and demonstrate in a novel way their possible effects on CAFs as a result of their relationship with cancer cells. Likewise, the results reinforce the usefulness of the combined use of THC and CBD, which has important advantages in relation to the possibility of using lower doses, thus minimizing the psychoactive effects of THC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Milián
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Monleón-Guinot
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sancho-Tello
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - María Almenar-Ordaz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Josep Peñaroja-Martinez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosa Farras
- Príncipe Felipe Research Center Foundation (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - José Javier Martín de Llano
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Carda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Mata
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.); (I.M.-G.); (M.S.-T.); (M.A.-O.); (J.P.-M.); (J.J.M.d.L.); (C.C.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Tashkin DP, Tan WC. Inhaled Marijuana and the Lung. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2822-2829. [PMID: 35609784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although vaping has recently increased as a mode of inhaling marijuana and has been associated with numerous and sometimes fatal cases of acute severe lung injury, smoking remains the most common method of inhaling marijuana and has been studied more extensively. Smoking marijuana has been shown to produce modest but significant short-term bronchodilation both in healthy subjects and those with asthma. Long-term effects of habitual marijuana smoking include the following: 1) symptoms of chronic bronchitis (increased cough, sputum production and wheezing); 2) modest effects on lung function in cross-sectional studies (no significant decrease in forced expired volume in 1 second [FEV1) but mild reductions in FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio [FEV1/FVC], an increase in FVC and other lung volumes, reductions in specific airway conductance, and variable effects of maximal mid-expiratory flow rates and diffusing capacity; and 3) variable effects on age-related decline in FEV1 in longitudinal studies. Most cohort and case-control studies have failed to show that marijuana smoking is a significant risk-factor for lung cancer despite the presence of pro-carcinogenic components in marijuana smoke, although further study is warranted. The question whether marijuana smoking is associated with asthma is unclear and requires further investigation. Although delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive component of marijuana, has immunomodulatory properties that hypothetically could increase the risk of pneumonia, the few available studies in marijuana smokers have failed to find an increased risk of pneumonia in immunocompetent users, although effects in immunosuppressed individuals have been variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald P Tashkin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wan-Cheng Tan
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
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Choucair N, Saker Z, Kheir Eddine H, Bahmad HF, Fares Y, Zaarour M, Harati H, Nabha S. Immunohistochemical assessment of cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1R) and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters in glioma. Pathologica 2022; 114:128-137. [PMID: 35481563 PMCID: PMC9248256 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most frequent primary brain tumor and one of the most aggressive forms of cancer. Recently, numerous studies have focused on cannabinoids as a new therapeutic approach due to their antineoplastic effects through activation of the cannabinoid receptors. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression level of cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1R) in human glioma samples and evaluate its clinicopathologic significance. Materials and methods We analyzed the expression of CB1R in 61 paraffin-embedded glioma and 4 normal brain tissues using automated immunohistochemical assay. CB1R expression was categorized into high versus low expression levels. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the association between CB1R and phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase (p-ERK) expression levels and the clinicopathologic features of glioma. Results Our results showed that CB1R immunopositivity was seen in 59 of 61 cases (96.7%). CB1R was down-expressed in glioma compared to normal brain tissues. However, CB1R expression was not correlated with clinicopathological parameters except for p-ERK. Conclusion Our findings indicate the down-expression of CB1R in glioma tissues when compared to non-cancerous brain tissues. This change in CB1R expression in gliomas should be further tested regardless of the clinicopathological findings to provide a therapeutic advantage in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Choucair
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahraa Saker
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassane Kheir Eddine
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hisham F Bahmad
- Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Youssef Fares
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mariana Zaarour
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Williams G, Chambers D, Rahman R, Molina-Holgado F. Transcription Profile and Pathway Analysis of the Endocannabinoid Receptor Inverse Agonist AM630 in the Core and Infiltrative Boundary of Human Glioblastoma Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072049. [PMID: 35408449 PMCID: PMC9000751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: We have previously reported that the endocannabinoid receptor inverse agonist AM630 is a potent inhibitor of isocitrade dehydrogenase-1 wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) core tumour cell proliferation. To uncover the mechanism behind the anti-tumour effects we have performed a transcriptional analysis of AM630 activity both in the tumour core cells (U87) and the invasive margin cells (GIN-8), the latter representing a better proxy of post-surgical residual disease. Results: The core and invasive margin cells exhibited markedly different gene expression profiles and only the core cells had high expression of a potential AM630 target, the CB1 receptor. Both cell types had moderate expression of the HTR2B serotonin receptor, a reported AM630 target. We found that the AM630 driven transcriptional response was substantially higher in the central cells than in the invasive margin cells, with the former driving the up regulation of immune response and the down regulation of cell cycle and metastatic pathways and correlating with transcriptional responses driven by established anti-neoplastics as well as serotonin receptor antagonists. Conclusion: Our results highlight the different gene sets involved in the core and invasive margin cell lines derived from GBM and an associated marked difference in responsiveness to AM630. Our findings identify AM630 as an anti-neoplastic drug in the context of the core cells, showing a high correlation with the activity of known antiproliferative drugs. However, we reveal a key set of similarities between the two cell lines that may inform therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Williams
- Wolfson-CARD, Kings College, London SE1 UL, UK; (G.W.); (D.C.)
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson-CARD, Kings College, London SE1 UL, UK; (G.W.); (D.C.)
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Francisco Molina-Holgado
- Wolfson-CARD, Kings College, London SE1 UL, UK; (G.W.); (D.C.)
- School of Life & Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
- Correspondence:
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New AKT-dependent mechanisms of anti-COVID-19 action of high-CBD Cannabis sativa extracts. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:110. [PMID: 35277472 PMCID: PMC8913855 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which enters target cells via interactions with ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Here, we show AKT serine/threonine kinase-dependent epigenetic control of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression by high-cannabidiol (CBD) cannabis extracts and their individual components. CBD alone and extracts #1, #5, #7, and #129 downregulated ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through AKT-mediated inhibition. miR-200c-3p and let-7a-5p were two contributing miRNAs in CBD-mediated suppression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. CBD and terpene PTWT2.2 profoundly inhibited ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression, both individually and in combination. Extracts #1, #5, #7, and #169 suppressed COX2 expression and remarkably attenuated TNFα/IFNγ-triggered induction of proinflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-8 by AKT pathway. The most abundant molecules present in extracts #1 and #7 modulated the expression of COX2, IL-6, and IL-8 both individually and in combination. These results reveal that high-CBD cannabis extracts attenuated ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression and the induction of inflammatory mediators COX2, IL-6, and IL-8 via the AKT pathway, highlighting their potential anti-COVID-19 features.
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Non-Canonical Cannabinoid Receptors with Distinct Binding and Signaling Properties in Prostate and Other Cancer Cell Types Mediate Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063049. [PMID: 35328467 PMCID: PMC8954350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids exert anti-cancer actions; however, the underlying cytotoxic mechanisms and the cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) involved remain unclear. In this study, CBRs were characterized in several cancer cell lines. Radioligand binding screens surprisingly revealed specific binding only for the non-selective cannabinoid [3H]WIN-55,212-2, and not [3H]CP-55,940, indicating that the expressed CBRs exhibit atypical binding properties. Furthermore, [3H]WIN-55,212-2 bound to a single site in all cancer cells with high affinity and varying densities. CBR characteristics were next compared between human prostate cancer cell lines expressing low (PC-3) and high (DU-145) CBR density. Although mRNA for canonical CBRs was detected in both cell lines, only 5 out of 15 compounds with known high affinity for canonical CBRs displaced [3H]WIN-55,212-2 binding. Functional assays further established that CBRs in prostate cancer cells exhibit distinct signaling properties relative to canonical Gi/Go-coupled CBRs. Prostate cancer cells chronically exposed to both CBR agonists and antagonists/inverse agonists produced receptor downregulation, inconsistent with actions at canonical CBRs. Treatment of DU-145 cells with CBR ligands increased LDH-release, decreased ATP-dependent cell viability, and produced mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. In summary, several cancer cell lines express CBRs with binding and signaling profiles dissimilar to canonical CBRs. Drugs selectively targeting these atypical CBRs might exhibit improved anti-cancer properties.
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Wang J, Li D, Zhao B, Kim J, Sui G, Shi J. Small Molecule Compounds of Natural Origin Target Cellular Receptors to Inhibit Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052672. [PMID: 35269825 PMCID: PMC8911024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors are macromolecules that transmit information regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, play key roles in oncogenic processes and correlate with the prognoses of cancer patients. Thus, targeting receptors to constrain cancer development and progression has gained widespread interest. Small molecule compounds of natural origin have been widely used as drugs or adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapies due to their activities of selectively killing cancer cells, alleviating drug resistance and mitigating side effects. Meanwhile, many natural compounds, including those targeting receptors, are still under laboratory investigation for their anti-cancer activities and mechanisms. In this review, we classify the receptors by their structures and functions, illustrate the natural compounds targeting these receptors and discuss the mechanisms of their anti-cancer activities. We aim to provide primary knowledge of mechanistic regulation and clinical applications of cancer therapies through targeting deregulated receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guangchao Sui
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
| | - Jinming Shi
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
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Misri S, Kaul K, Mishra S, Charan M, Verma AK, Barr MP, Ahirwar DK, Ganju RK. Cannabidiol Inhibits Tumorigenesis in Cisplatin-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via TRPV2. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051181. [PMID: 35267489 PMCID: PMC8909073 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Drug resistance is the key factor contributing to the therapeutic failure of lung cancer and the deaths related to lung cancer. Our study demonstrated that small molecular weight non-psychotropic phytochemical, cannabidiol (CBD), inhibits growth and metastasis of drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) cells in-vitro and in-vivo. We further discovered that CBD mediates its anti-cancer effects in part via an ion channel receptor, TRPV2, present on lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, we showed that CBD induces apoptosis of cisplatin-resistant cells by modulating oxidative stress pathways. Overall, these studies indicate that CBD could be used as a promising therapeutic strategy in TRPV2 expressing cisplatin-resistant NSCLC. Abstract Chemotherapy forms the backbone of current treatments for many patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the survival rate is low in these patients due to the development of drug resistance, including cisplatin resistance. In this study, we developed a novel strategy to combat the growth of cisplatin-resistant (CR) NSCLC cells. We have shown that treatment with the plant-derived, non-psychotropic small molecular weight molecule, cannabidiol (CBD), significantly induced apoptosis of CR NSCLC cells. In addition, CBD treatment significantly reduced tumor progression and metastasis in a mouse xenograft model and suppressed cancer stem cell properties. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated the ability of CBD to inhibit the growth of CR cell lines by reducing NRF-2 and enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, we show that CBD acts through Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-2 (TRPV2) to induce apoptosis, where TRPV2 is expressed on human lung adenocarcinoma tumors. High expression of TRPV2 correlates with better overall survival of lung cancer patients. Our findings identify CBD as a novel therapeutic agent targeting TRPV2 to inhibit the growth and metastasis of this aggressive cisplatin-resistant phenotype in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Misri
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
| | - Kirti Kaul
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
| | - Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
| | - Ajeet Kumar Verma
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
| | - Martin P. Barr
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dinesh K. Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.A.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Ramesh K. Ganju
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (K.K.); (S.M.); (M.C.); (A.K.V.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: (D.K.A.); (R.K.G.)
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Mahmoudinoodezh H, Telukutla SR, Bhangu SK, Bachari A, Cavalieri F, Mantri N. The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020438. [PMID: 35214170 PMCID: PMC8876728 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several studies have indicated an increased interest in the scientific community regarding the application of Cannabis sativa plants, and their extracts, for medicinal purposes. This plant of enormous medicinal potential has been legalised in an increasing number of countries globally. Due to the recent changes in therapeutic and recreational legislation, cannabis and cannabinoids are now frequently permitted for use in clinical settings. However, with their highly lipophilic features and very low aqueous solubility, cannabinoids are prone to degradation, specifically in solution, as they are light-, temperature-, and auto-oxidation-sensitive. Thus, plant-derived cannabinoids have been developed for oral, nasal-inhalation, intranasal, mucosal (sublingual and buccal), transcutaneous (transdermal), local (topical), and parenteral deliveries. Among these administrations routes, topical and transdermal products usually have a higher bioavailability rate with a prolonged steady-state plasma concentration. Additionally, these administrations have the potential to eliminate the psychotropic impacts of the drug by its diffusion into a nonreactive, dead stratum corneum. This modality avoids oral administration and, thus, the first-pass metabolism, leading to constant cannabinoid plasma levels. This review article investigates the practicality of delivering therapeutic cannabinoids via skin in accordance with existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Mahmoudinoodezh
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (H.M.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Telukutla
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (H.M.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Ava Bachari
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (H.M.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Francesca Cavalieri
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (H.M.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Soroceanu L, Singer E, Dighe P, Sidorov M, Limbad C, Rodriquez-Brotons A, Rix P, Woo RWL, Dickinson L, Desprez PY, McAllister SD. Cannabidiol Inhibits RAD51 and Sensitizes Glioblastoma to Temozolomide in Multiple Orthotopic Tumor Models. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac019. [PMID: 35356807 PMCID: PMC8962752 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid with a low toxicity profile, has been shown to produce antitumor activity across cancers in part through selective production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells. The alkylating agent, temozolomide (TMZ), is standard of care for treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). It can trigger increased ROS to induce DNA damage. It has also been reported that downregulating the expression of RAD51, an important DNA damage repair protein, leads to sensitization of GBM to TMZ. Methods We determined the extent to which CBD enhanced the antitumor activity of TMZ in multiple orthotopic models of GBM. In addition, we investigated the potential for CBD to enhance the antitumor activity of TMZ through production of ROS and modulation of DNA repair pathways. Results CBD enhanced the activity of TMZ in U87 MG and U251 GBM cell lines and in patient-derived primary GBM163 cells leading to stimulation of ROS, activation of the ROS sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and upregulation of the autophagy marker LC3A. CBD produced a sensitization of U87 and GBM163-derived intracranial (i.c.) tumors to TMZ and significantly increased survival of tumor-bearing mice. However, these effects were not observed in orthotopic models derived from GBM with intact methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) expression. We further demonstrate that CBD inhibited RAD51 expression in MGMT-methylated models of GBM, providing a potential mechanism for tumor sensitization to TMZ by CBD. Conclusion These data support the potential therapeutic benefits of using CBD to enhance the antitumor activity of TMZ in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Soroceanu
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric Singer
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pratiksha Dighe
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Max Sidorov
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chandani Limbad
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Peter Rix
- Launch Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rinette W L Woo
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sean D McAllister
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Sokolowska M, Rovati GE, Diamant Z, Untersmayr E, Schwarze J, Lukasik Z, Sava F, Angelina A, Palomares O, Akdis C, O'Mahony L, Jesenak M, Pfaar O, Torres MJ, Sanak M, Dahlén S, Woszczek G. Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers on antiviral and allergic responses: EAACI task force on eicosanoids consensus report in times of COVID-19. Allergy 2022; 77:2337-2354. [PMID: 35174512 PMCID: PMC9111413 DOI: 10.1111/all.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers are among the most ubiquitously used medications in the general population. Their broad anti‐inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects are applied against symptoms of respiratory infections, including SARS‐CoV‐2, as well as in other acute and chronic inflammatory diseases that often coexist with allergy and asthma. However, the current pandemic of COVID‐19 also revealed the gaps in our understanding of their mechanism of action, selectivity, and interactions not only during viral infections and inflammation, but also in asthma exacerbations, uncontrolled allergic inflammation, and NSAIDs‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). In this context, the consensus report summarizes currently available knowledge, novel discoveries, and controversies regarding the use of NSAIDs in COVID‐19, and the role of NSAIDs in asthma and viral asthma exacerbations. We also describe here novel mechanisms of action of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), outline how to predict responses to LTRA therapy and discuss a potential role of LTRA therapy in COVID‐19 treatment. Moreover, we discuss interactions of novel T2 biologicals and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers on the horizon, such as prostaglandin D2 antagonists and cannabinoids, with eicosanoid pathways, in context of viral infections and exacerbations of asthma and allergic diseases. Finally, we identify and summarize the major knowledge gaps and unmet needs in current eicosanoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - G Enrico Rovati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Section of Pharmacology and Biosciences University of Milan Milano Italy
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Skane University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Department Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation Ku Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Thomayer Hospital Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Child Life and Health and Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Zuzanna Lukasik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Florentina Sava
- London North Genomic Laboratory Hub Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Milos Jesenak
- Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department of Pediatrics Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin Comenius University in BratislavaUniversity Teaching Hospital in Martin Slovakia
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Section of Rhinology and Allergy University Hospital MarburgPhilipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - María José Torres
- Allergy Unit Málaga Regional University Hospital‐IBIMA‐UMA Málaga Spain
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Sven‐Erik Dahlén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and the Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institute, and the Department of Respiratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Grzegorz Woszczek
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London London UK
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O’Brien K. Cannabidiol (CBD) in Cancer Management. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040885. [PMID: 35205633 PMCID: PMC8869992 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the main constituents of the plant Cannabis sativa. Surveys suggest that medicinal cannabis is popular amongst people diagnosed with cancer. CBD is one of the key constituents of cannabis, and does not have the potentially intoxicating effects that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the other key phytocannabinoid has. Research indicates the CBD may have potential for the treatment of cancer, including the symptoms and signs associated with cancer and its treatment. Preclinical research suggests CBD may address many of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. Preclinical and clinical research also suggests some evidence of efficacy, alone or in some cases in conjunction with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the other key phytocannabinoid in cannabis), in treating cancer-associated pain, anxiety and depression, sleep problems, nausea and vomiting, and oral mucositis that are associated with cancer and/or its treatment. Studies also suggest that CBD may enhance orthodox treatments with chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy and protect against neural and organ damage. CBD shows promise as part of an integrative approach to the management of cancer. Abstract The plant Cannabis sativa has been in use medicinally for several thousand years. It has over 540 metabolites thought to be responsible for its therapeutic effects. Two of the key phytocannabinoids are cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Unlike THC, CBD does not have potentially intoxicating effects. Preclinical and clinical research indicates that CBD has a wide range of therapeutic effects, and many of them are relevant to the management of cancer. In this article, we explore some of the potential mechanisms of action of CBD in cancer, and evidence of its efficacy in the integrative management of cancer including the side effects associated with its treatment, demonstrating its potential for integration with orthodox cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie O’Brien
- Adelaide Campus, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- NICM Health Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Releaf Group Ltd., St Kilda, VIC 3182, Australia
- International College of Cannabinoid Medicine, iccm.co, London N1 7GU, UK
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