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Xie R, You N, Chen WY, Zhu P, Wang P, Lv YP, Yue GY, Xu XL, Wu JB, Xu JY, Liu SX, Lü MH, Yang SQ, Cheng P, Mao FY, Teng YS, Peng LS, Zhang JY, Liao YL, Yang SM, Zhao YL, Chen W, Zou QM, Zhuang Y. Helicobacter pylori-Induced Angiopoietin-Like 4 Promotes Gastric Bacterial Colonization and Gastritis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0409. [PMID: 39022746 PMCID: PMC11254415 DOI: 10.34133/research.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is characterized as progressive processes of bacterial persistence and chronic gastritis with features of infiltration of mononuclear cells more than granulocytes in gastric mucosa. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is considered a double-edged sword in inflammation-associated diseases, but its function and clinical relevance in H. pylori-associated pathology are unknown. Here, we demonstrate both pro-colonization and pro-inflammation roles of ANGPTL4 in H. pylori infection. Increased ANGPTL4 in the infected gastric mucosa was produced from gastric epithelial cells (GECs) synergistically induced by H. pylori and IL-17A in a cagA-dependent manner. Human gastric ANGPTL4 correlated with H. pylori colonization and the severity of gastritis, and mouse ANGPTL4 from non-bone marrow-derived cells promoted bacteria colonization and inflammation. Importantly, H. pylori colonization and inflammation were attenuated in Il17a -/-, Angptl4 -/-, and Il17a -/- Angptl4 -/- mice. Mechanistically, ANGPTL4 bound to integrin αV (ITGAV) on GECs to suppress CXCL1 production by inhibiting ERK, leading to decreased gastric influx of neutrophils, thereby promoting H. pylori colonization; ANGPTL4 also bound to ITGAV on monocytes to promote CCL5 production by activating PI3K-AKT-NF-κB, resulting in increased gastric influx of regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) via CCL5-CCR4-dependent migration. In turn, ANGPTL4 induced Treg proliferation by binding to ITGAV to activate PI3K-AKT-NF-κB, promoting H. pylori-associated gastritis. Overall, we propose a model in which ANGPTL4 collectively ensures H. pylori persistence and promotes gastritis. Efforts to inhibit ANGPTL4-associated pathway may prove valuable strategies in treating H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Nan You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, XinQiao Hospital,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wan-Yan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suining First People’s Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Pin Lv
- Department of Infection, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Geng-Yu Yue
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Xu
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Wu
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing-Yu Xu
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Si-Xu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology,
Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mu-Han Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology,
Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng-Qian Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmacodynamics Evaluation, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Teng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu-Sheng Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Ling Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hospital,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science,
La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3085, Australia
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department ofEndoscopy and Digestive System, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,
Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology,
Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, China
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Jeon TJ, Kim OH, Kang H, Lee HJ. Preadipocytes potentiate melanoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150129. [PMID: 38762933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, the deadliest skin cancer, originates from epidermal melanocytes. The influence of preadipocytes on melanoma is less understood. We co-cultured mouse melanoma B16 cells with 3T3L1 preadipocytes to form mixed spheroids and observed increased melanoma proliferation and growth compared to B16-only spheroids. Metastasis-related proteins YAP, TAZ, and PD-L1 levels were also higher in mixed spheroids. Treatment with exosome inhibitor GW4869 halted melanoma growth and reduced expression of these proteins, suggesting exosomal crosstalk between B16 and 3T3L1 cells. MiR-155 expression was significantly higher in mixed spheroids, and GW4869 reduced its levels. Additionally, co-culturing with Raw264.7 macrophage cells increased M2 markers IL-4 and CD206 in Raw264.7 cells, effects that were diminished by GW4869. These results indicate that preadipocytes may enhance melanoma progression and metastasis via exosomal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Jeon
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Ok-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hana Kang
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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3
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Wang M, Sun Y, Gu R, Tang Y, Han G, Zhao S. Shikonin reduces M2 macrophage population in ovarian cancer by repressing exosome production and the exosomal galectin 3-mediated β-catenin activation. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:101. [PMID: 38745186 PMCID: PMC11092256 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin (SK), a naphthoquinone with anti-tumor effects, has been found to decrease production of tumor-associated exosomes (exo). This study aims to verify the treatment effect of SK on ovarian cancer (OC) cells, especially on the production of exo and their subsequent effect on macrophage polarization. METHODS OC cells SKOV3 and A2780 were treated with SK. The exo were isolated from OC cells with or without SK treatment, termed OC exo and SK OC exo, respectively. These exo were used to treat PMA-induced THP-1 cells (M0 macrophages). M2 polarization of macrophages was determined by measuring the M2 specific cell surface markers CD163 and CD206 as well as the secretion of M2 cytokine IL-10. The functions of galectin 3 (LGALS3/GAL3) and β-catenin in macrophage polarization were determined by gain- or loss-of-function assays. CB-17 SCID mice were subcutaneously injected with SKOV3 cells to generate xenograft tumors, followed by OC exo or SK OC exo treatment for in vivo experiments. RESULTS SK suppressed viability, migration and invasion, and apoptosis resistance of OC cells in vitro. Compared to OC exo, SK OC exo reduced the M2 polarization of macrophages. Regarding the mechanism, SK reduced exo production in cancer cells, and it decreased the protein level of GAL3 in exo and recipient macrophages, leading to decreased β-catenin activation. M2 polarization of macrophages was restored by LGALS3 overexpression but decreased again by the β-catenin inhibitor FH535. Compared to OC exo, the SK OC exo treatment reduced the xenograft tumor growth in mice, and it decreased the M2 macrophage infiltration within tumor tissues. CONCLUSION This study suggests that SK reduces M2 macrophage population in OC by repressing exo production and blocking exosomal GAL3-mediated β-catenin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 48, Huaishu Lane, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, P.R. China
| | - Yangyan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214400, P.R. China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 48, Huaishu Lane, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 48, Huaishu Lane, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Han
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.1, Zhongfu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210003, P.R. China.
| | - Shaojie Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 48, Huaishu Lane, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, P.R. China.
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Yücer R, Fayez S, Feineis D, Klauck SM, Shan L, Bringmann G, Efferth T, Dawood M. Cytotoxicity of dioncophylline A and related naphthylisoquinolines in leukemia cells, mediated by NF-κB inhibition, angiogenesis suppression, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and autophagy induction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155267. [PMID: 38368795 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of NF-κB activity represents a strategy to treat acute myeloid leukemia, one of the most lethal leukemia types. Naphthylisoquinolines (NIQs) are cytotoxic alkaloids from lianas of the families Ancistrocladaceae and Dioncophyllaceae, which are indigenous to tropical rainforests. PURPOSE Uncovering therapeutic possibilities and underlying molecular mechanisms of dioncophylline A and its derivatives towards NF-κB related cellular processes. METHODS Resazurin-based cell viability assay was performed for dioncophylline A and three derivatives on wild-type CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells. Transcriptome analysis was executed to discover cellular functions and molecular networks associated with dioncophylline A treatment. Expression changes obtained by mRNA microarray hybridization were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Molecular docking was applied to predict the affinity of the NIQs with NF-κB. To validate the in silico approach, NF-κB reporter assays were conducted on HEK-Blue™ Null1 cells. Cell death mechanisms and cell cycle arrest were studied using flow cytometry. The potential activity on angiogenesis was evaluated with the endothelial cell tube formation assay on HUVECs using fluorescence microscopy. Intracellular NF-κB location in HEK-Blue™ Null1 cells was visualized with immunofluorescence. Finally, the anti-tumor activity of dioncophylline A was studied by a xenograft zebrafish model in vivo. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that dioncophylline A and its derivatives exerted potent cytotoxicity on leukemia cells. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we identified the NF-κB network as the top network, and docking experiments predicted dioncophylline A and two of its derivatives sharing the same binding pocket with the positive control compound, triptolide. Dioncophylline A showed the best inhibitory activity in NF-κB reporter assays compared to its derivatives, caused autophagy rather than apoptosis, and induced G2/M arrest. It also prevented NF-κB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Tube formation as an angiogenesis marker was significantly suppressed by dioncophylline A treatment. Finally, the remarkable anti-tumor activity of dioncophylline A was proven in zebrafish in vivo. CONCLUSION Taken together, we report for the first time the molecular mechanism behind the cytotoxic effect of dioncophylline A on leukemia cells. Dioncophylline A showed strong cytotoxic activity, inhibited NF-κB translocation, significantly affected the NF-κB in silico and in vitro, subdued tube formation, induced autophagy, and exerted antitumor activity in vivo. Our findings enlighten both the cellular functions including the NF-κB signaling pathway and the cytotoxic mechanism affected by dioncophylline A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rümeysa Yücer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany; Home address: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany.
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Chen P, Sharma A, Weiher H, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Biological mechanisms and clinical significance of endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1α) in human cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:71. [PMID: 38454454 PMCID: PMC10921667 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A firm link between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and tumors has been wildly reported. Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1α), an ER-resident thiol oxidoreductase, is confirmed to be highly upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a significantly worse prognosis. Of importance, under ER stress, the functional interplay of ERO1α/PDI axis plays a pivotal role to orchestrate proper protein folding and other key processes. Multiple lines of evidence propose ERO1α as an attractive potential target for cancer treatment. However, the unavailability of specific inhibitor for ERO1α, its molecular inter-relatedness with closely related paralog ERO1β and the tightly regulated processes with other members of flavoenzyme family of enzymes, raises several concerns about its clinical translation. Herein, we have provided a detailed description of ERO1α in human cancers and its vulnerability towards the aforementioned concerns. Besides, we have discussed a few key considerations that may improve our understanding about ERO1α in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, 3127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, 3127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans Weiher
- Department of Applied Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, 3127, Bonn, Germany.
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Sugiyama S, Yumimoto K, Fujinuma S, Nakayama KI. Identification of effective CCR2 inhibitors for cancer therapy using humanized mice. J Biochem 2024; 175:195-204. [PMID: 37947138 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) is the receptor for C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) and is associated with various inflammatory diseases and cancer metastasis. Although many inhibitors for CCR2 have been developed, it remains unresolved which inhibitors are the most effective in the clinical setting. In the present study, we compared 10 existing human CCR2 antagonists in a calcium influx assay using human monocytic leukemia cells. Among them, MK0812 was found to be the most potent inhibitor of human CCR2. Furthermore, we generated a human CCR2B knock-in mouse model to test the efficacy of MK0812 against a lung metastasis model of breast cancer. Oral administration of MK0812 to humanized mice did indeed reduce the number of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells and the rate of lung metastasis. These results suggest that MK0812 is the most promising candidate among the commercially available CCR2 inhibitors. We propose that combining these two screening methods may provide an excellent experimental method for identifying effective drugs that inhibit human CCR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeaki Sugiyama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kanae Yumimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shun Fujinuma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Anticancer Strategies Laboratory, TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Ihlamur M, Kelleci K, Zengin Y, Allahverdiyev MA, Abamor EŞ. Applications of Exosome Vesicles in Different Cancer Types as Biomarkers. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:281-297. [PMID: 36941811 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230320120419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in the fight against cancer is early detection. Early diagnosis is vital, but there are some barriers such as economic, cultural, and personal factors. Considering the disadvantages of radiological imaging techniques or serological analysis methods used in cancer diagnosis, such as being expensive, requiring expertise, and being time-consuming, there is a need to develop faster, more reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for use in cancer diagnosis. Exosomes, which are responsible for intercellular communication with sizes ranging from 30-120 nm, are naturally produced biological nanoparticles. Thanks to the cargo contents they carry, they are a potential biomarker to be used in the diagnosis of cancer. Exosomes, defined as extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, are effective in cancer growth, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, and changes in microenvironmental conditions during tumor development change exosome secretion. Due to their high cellular activity, tumor cells produce much higher exosomes than healthy cells. Therefore, it is known that the number of exosomes in body fluids is significantly rich compared to other cells and can act as a stand-alone diagnostic biomarker. Cancer- derived exosomes have received great attention in recent years for the early detection of cancer and the evaluation of therapeutic response. In this article, the content, properties, and differences of exosomes detected in common types of cancer (lung, liver, pancreas, ovaries, breast, colorectal), which are the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, are reviewed. We also discuss the potential utility of exosome contents as a biomarker for early detection, which is known to be important in targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ihlamur
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
- Biruni University, Vocational School, Department of Electronics and Automation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kübra Kelleci
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
- Beykoz University, Vocational School, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Zengin
- Bogazici University, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Adil Allahverdiyev
- Institute of the V. Akhundov National Scientific Research Medical Prophylactic, Baku, Azerbaijan Republic
| | - Emrah Şefik Abamor
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mahoutforoush A, Asadollahi L, Hamishehkar H, Abbaspour-Ravasjani S, Solouk A, Haghbin Nazarpak M. Targeted Delivery of Pennyroyal via Methotrexate Functionalized PEGylated Nanostructured Lipid Carriers into Breast Cancer Cells; A Multiple Pathways Apoptosis Activator. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:747-760. [PMID: 38022805 PMCID: PMC10676553 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pennyroyal is a species of the Lamiaceae family with potent anti-cancer and antioxidant properties. Combining this antioxidant with chemotherapeutic agents enhances the effectiveness of these agents by inducing more apoptosis in cancerous cells. Methods Here, methotrexate (MTX) combined with pennyroyal oil based on PEGylated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) was assessed. These nanoparticles were physiochemically characterized, and their anti-cancer effects and targeting efficiency were investigated on the folate receptor-positive human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and negative human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549). Results Results showed a mean size of 97.4 ± 12.1 nm for non-targeted PEGylated NLCs and 220.4 ± 11.4 nm for targeted PEGylated NLCs, with an almost small size distribution assessed by TEM imaging. Furthermore, in vitro molecular anti-cancer activity investigations showed that pennyroyal-NLCs and pennyroyal-NLCs/MTX activate the apoptosis and autophagy pathway by changing their related mRNA expression levels. Furthermore, in vitro cellular studies showed that these changes in the level of gene expression could lead to a rise in apoptosis rate from 15.6 ± 8.1 to 25.0 ± 3.2 (P<0.05) for the MCF-7 cells treated with pennyroyal-NLCs and pennyroyal-NLCs/MTX, respectively. Autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) cellular evaluation indicated that treating the cells with pennyroyal-NLCs and pennyroyal-NLCs/MTX could significantly increase their intensity in these cells. Conclusion Our results present a new NLCs-based approach to enhance the delivery of pennyroyal and MTX to cancerous breast tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mahoutforoush
- Immunology Research Center and Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 1591634311, Iran
| | - Leila Asadollahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Solouk
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 1591634311, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Haghbin Nazarpak
- New Technologies Research Center (NTRC), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634653, Iran
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Yao S, Han Y, Yang M, Jin K, Lan H. It's high-time to re-evaluate the value of induced-chemotherapy for reinforcing immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241208. [PMID: 37920463 PMCID: PMC10619163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has made significant advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), revolutionizing the therapeutic landscape and highlighting the indispensable role of the tumor immune microenvironment. However, some CRCs have shown poor response to immunotherapy, prompting investigation into the underlying reasons. It has been discovered that certain chemotherapeutic agents possess immune-stimulatory properties, including the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), the generation and processing of non-mutated neoantigens (NM-neoAgs), and the B cell follicle-driven T cell response. Based on these findings, the concept of inducing chemotherapy has been introduced, and the combination of inducing chemotherapy and immunotherapy has become a standard treatment option for certain cancers. Clinical trials have confirmed the feasibility and safety of this approach in CRC, offering a promising method for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges and difficulties ahead, and further research is required to optimize its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Yao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuejun Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengxiang Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Teng Y, Xie R, Xu J, Wang P, Chen W, Shan Z, Yan Z, Mao F, Cheng P, Peng L, Zhang J, Tian W, Yang S, Zhao Y, Chen W, Zou Q, Zhuang Y. Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 is a novel matricellular protein that promotes gastric bacterial colonization and gastritis in the setting of Helicobacter pylori infection. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:924-940. [PMID: 37336990 PMCID: PMC10387474 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the gastric epithelium and immune cells plays key roles in H. pylori-associated pathology. Here, we demonstrate a procolonization and proinflammatory role of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1), a newly discovered matricellular protein, in H. pylori infection. Increased TINAGL1 production by gastric epithelial cells (GECs) in the infected gastric mucosa was synergistically induced by H. pylori and IL-1β via the ERK-SP1 pathway in a cagA-dependent manner. Elevated human gastric TINAGL1 correlated with H. pylori colonization and the severity of gastritis, and mouse TINAGL1 derived from non-bone marrow-derived cells promoted bacterial colonization and inflammation. Importantly, H. pylori colonization and inflammation were attenuated in Tinagl1-/- and Tinagl1ΔGEC mice and were increased in mice injected with mouse TINAGL1. Mechanistically, TINAGL1 suppressed CCL21 expression and promoted CCL2 production in GECs by directly binding to integrin α5β1 to inhibit ERK and activate the NF-κB pathway, respectively, which not only led to decreased gastric influx of moDCs via CCL21-CCR7-dependent migration and, as a direct consequence, reduced the bacterial clearance capacity of the H. pylori-specific Th1 response, thereby promoting H. pylori colonization, but also resulted in increased gastric influx of Ly6Chigh monocytes via CCL2-CCR2-dependent migration. In turn, TINAGL1 induced the production of the proinflammatory protein S100A11 by Ly6Chigh monocytes, promoting H. pylori-associated gastritis. In summary, we identified a model in which TINAGL1 collectively ensures H. pylori persistence and promotes gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Teng
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Xie
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanyan Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiguo Shan
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongbao Yan
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyuan Mao
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liusheng Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqing Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongliang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Quanming Zou
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Laurier D, Billarand Y, Klokov D, Leuraud K. The scientific basis for the use of the linear no-threshold (LNT) model at low doses and dose rates in radiological protection. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2023; 43:024003. [PMID: 37339605 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/acdfd7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The linear no-threshold (LNT) model was introduced into the radiological protection system about 60 years ago, but this model and its use in radiation protection are still debated today. This article presents an overview of results on effects of exposure to low linear-energy-transfer radiation in radiobiology and epidemiology accumulated over the last decade and discusses their impact on the use of the LNT model in the assessment of radiation-related cancer risks at low doses. The knowledge acquired over the past 10 years, both in radiobiology and epidemiology, has reinforced scientific knowledge about cancer risks at low doses. In radiobiology, although certain mechanisms do not support linearity, the early stages of carcinogenesis comprised of mutational events, which are assumed to play a key role in carcinogenesis, show linear responses to doses from as low as 10 mGy. The impact of non-mutational mechanisms on the risk of radiation-related cancer at low doses is currently difficult to assess. In epidemiology, the results show excess cancer risks at dose levels of 100 mGy or less. While some recent results indicate non-linear dose relationships for some cancers, overall, the LNT model does not substantially overestimate the risks at low doses. Recent results, in radiobiology or in epidemiology, suggest that a dose threshold, if any, could not be greater than a few tens of mGy. The scientific knowledge currently available does not contradict the use of the LNT model for the assessment of radiation-related cancer risks within the radiological protection system, and no other dose-risk relationship seems more appropriate for radiological protection purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Laurier
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Yann Billarand
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Dmitry Klokov
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Klervi Leuraud
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Baba SK, Baba SK, Mir R, Elfaki I, Algehainy N, Ullah MF, Barnawi J, Altemani FH, Alanazi M, Mustafa SK, Masoodi T, Akil ASA, Bhat AA, Macha MA. Long non-coding RNAs modulate tumor microenvironment to promote metastasis: novel avenue for therapeutic intervention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164301. [PMID: 37384249 PMCID: PMC10299194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cancer metastasis responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. Cancer metastasis is a multistep process characterized by spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor and acquiring molecular and phenotypic changes that enable them to expand and colonize in distant organs. Despite recent advancements, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of cancer metastasis is limited and requires further exploration. In addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic changes have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of cancer metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered one of the most critical epigenetic regulators. By regulating signaling pathways and acting as decoys, guides, and scaffolds, they modulate key molecules in every step of cancer metastasis such as dissemination of carcinoma cells, intravascular transit, and metastatic colonization. Gaining a good knowledge of the detailed molecular basis underlying lncRNAs regulating cancer metastasis may provide previously unknown therapeutic and diagnostic lncRNAs for patients with metastatic disease. In this review, we concentrate on the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer metastasis, the cross-talk with metabolic reprogramming, modulating cancer cell anoikis resistance, influencing metastatic microenvironment, and the interaction with pre-metastatic niche formation. In addition, we also discuss the clinical utility and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for cancer treatment. Finally, we also represent areas for future research in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khurshid Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Khursheed Baba
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Science (SKIMS), Soura, Kashmir, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H. Altemani
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Khalid Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Immunology Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S. Alshabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
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Zhang D, Jiang Z, Hu J, Sun X, Zheng Y, Shen Y. Comprehensively prognostic and immunological analysis of snail family transcriptional repressor 2 in pan-cancer and identification in pancreatic carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117585. [PMID: 37251370 PMCID: PMC10213725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2) is a transcription factor that induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition in neoplastic epithelial cells. It is closely related to the progression of various malignancies. However, the significance of SNAI2 in human pan-cancer is still largely unknown. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases were taken to examine the SNAI2 expression pattern in tissues and cancer cells. The link between SNAI2 gene expression levels and prognosis, as well as immune cell infiltration, was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier technique and Spearman correlation analysis. We also explored the expression and distribution of SNAI2 in various tumor tissues and cells by the THPA (Human Protein Atlas) database. We further investigated the relationship between SNAI2 expression levels and immunotherapy response in various clinical immunotherapy cohorts. Finally, the immunoblot was used to quantify the SNAI2 expression levels, and the proliferative and invasive ability of pancreatic cancer cells was determined by colony formation and transwell assays. Results We discovered heterogeneity in SNAI2 expression in different tumor tissues and cancer cell lines by exploring public datasets. The genomic alteration of SNAI2 existed in most cancers. Also, SNAI2 exhibits prognosis predictive ability in various cancers. SNAI2 was significantly correlated with immune-activated hallmarks, cancer immune cell infiltrations, and immunoregulators. It's worth noting that SNAI2 expression is significantly related to the effectiveness of clinical immunotherapy. SNAI2 expression was also found to have a high correlation with the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA methylation in many cancers. Finally, the knockdown of SNAI2 significantly weakened the proliferative and invasive ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusion These findings suggested that SNAI2 could be used as a biomarker in human pan-cancer to detect immune infiltration and poor prognosis, which provides a new idea for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenhong Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Zhong Y, Li F, Zhang S, Yang Z, Ren X, Cao X, Xu Y, Guo D, Zhou Y, Mao F, Shen S, Sun Q. Syndecan-1 as an immunogene in Triple-negative breast cancer: regulation tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte in the tumor microenviroment and EMT by TGFb1/Smad pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:76. [PMID: 37069585 PMCID: PMC10111802 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most studied forms of immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The Cancer Genome Map (TCGA) and METABRIC project provide large-scale cancer samples that can be used for comprehensive and reliable immunity-related gene research. METHODS We analyzed data from TCGA and METABRIC and established an immunity-related gene prognosis model for breast cancer. The SDC1 expression in tumor and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was then observed in 282 TNBC patients by immunohistochemistry. The effects of SDC1 on MDA-MB-231 proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. Qualitative real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to identify mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS SDC1, as a key immunity-related gene, was significantly correlated with survival in the TCGA and METABRIC databases, while SDC1 was found to be highly expressed in TNBC in the METABRIC database. In the TNBC cohort, patients with high SDC1 expression in tumor cells and low expression in CAFs had significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) and fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The downregulation of SDC1 decreased the proliferation of MDA-MB-231, while promoting the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells by reducing the gene expression of E-cadherin and TGFb1 and activating p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 expression. CONCLUSION SDC1 is a key immunity-related gene that is highly expressed TNBC patients. Patients with high SDC1 expression in tumors and low expression in CAFs had poor prognoses and low TILs. Our findings also suggest that SDC1 regulates the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through a TGFb1-Smad and E-cadherin-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhong
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhenli Yang
- Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinyu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Songjie Shen
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Lin-Rahardja K, Weaver DT, Scarborough JA, Scott JG. Evolution-Informed Strategies for Combating Drug Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6738. [PMID: 37047714 PMCID: PMC10095117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-changing nature of cancer poses the most difficult challenge oncologists face today. Cancer's remarkable adaptability has inspired many to work toward understanding the evolutionary dynamics that underlie this disease in hopes of learning new ways to fight it. Eco-evolutionary dynamics of a tumor are not accounted for in most standard treatment regimens, but exploiting them would help us combat treatment-resistant effectively. Here, we outline several notable efforts to exploit these dynamics and circumvent drug resistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Lin-Rahardja
- Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Davis T. Weaver
- Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jessica A. Scarborough
- Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jacob G. Scott
- Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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16
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Rastogi S, Aldosary S, Saeedan AS, Ansari MN, Singh M, Kaithwas G. NF-κB mediated regulation of tumor cell proliferation in hypoxic microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1108915. [PMID: 36891273 PMCID: PMC9986608 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1108915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is caused by a cancer-promoting milieu characterized by persistent inflammation. NF-κB and HIF-1α are critical participants in this transition. Tumor development and maintenance are aided by NF-κB, while cellular proliferation and adaptability to angiogenic signals are aided by HIF-1α. Prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD-2) has been hypothesized to be the key oxygen-dependent regulator of HIF-1α and NF-transcriptional B's activity. Without low oxygen levels, HIF-1α is degraded by the proteasome in a process dependent on oxygen and 2-oxoglutarate. As opposed to the normal NF-κB activation route, where NF-κB is deactivated by PHD-2-mediated hydroxylation of IKK, this method actually activates NF-κB. HIF-1α is protected from degradation by proteasomes in hypoxic cells, where it then activates transcription factors involved in cellular metastasis and angiogenesis. The Pasteur phenomenon causes lactate to build up inside the hypoxic cells. As part of a process known as lactate shuttle, MCT-1 and MCT-4 cells help deliver lactate from the blood to neighboring, non-hypoxic tumour cells. Non-hypoxic tumour cells use lactate, which is converted to pyruvate, as fuel for oxidative phosphorylation. OXOPHOS cancer cells are characterized by a metabolic switch from glucose-facilitated oxidative phosphorylation to lactate-facilitated oxidative phosphorylation. Although PHD-2 was found in OXOPHOS cells. There is no clear explanation for the presence of NF-kappa B activity. The accumulation of the competitive inhibitor of 2-oxo-glutarate, pyruvate, in non-hypoxic tumour cells is well established. So, we conclude that PHD-2 is inactive in non-hypoxic tumour cells due to pyruvate-mediated competitive suppression of 2-oxo-glutarate. This results in canonical activation of NF-κB. In non-hypoxic tumour cells, 2-oxoglutarate serves as a limiting factor, rendering PHD-2 inactive. However, FIH prevents HIF-1α from engaging in its transcriptional actions. Using the existing scientific literature, we conclude in this study that NF-κB is the major regulator of tumour cell growth and proliferation via pyruvate-mediated competitive inhibition of PHD-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Rastogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sara Aldosary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Saeedan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manjari Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Central University, Silchar, India
| | - Gaurav Kaithwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Huang Z, Li B, Qin H, Mo X. Invasion characteristics and clinical significance of tumor-associated macrophages in gastrointestinal Krukenberg tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1006183. [PMID: 36910657 PMCID: PMC9999382 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1006183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been used as potential drug targets in preclinical research and clinical trials of various cancers. However, their distribution in Krukenberg tumors (KTs) remains unclear. We investigated the expression and prognostic value of TAMs in patients with gastrointestinal cancer with KTs. Methods The infiltration of various types of TAMs was detected in surgical tissues of 35 patients with KTs using immunohistochemical staining. The level of infiltration of TAMs in tumor nests (TN), tumor stroma (TS), and invasive margin (IM) areas was evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method and univariate/multivariate Cox regression risk models were used to analyze the relationship between the degree of TAMs invasion and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results The distribution of TAMs exhibited spatial heterogeneity between TN, TS, and IM regions in primary tumor (PT) and KT tissues. TAMs infiltrated in the TN had greater prognostic value and were barely influenced by preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, despite similar grades of invasion in PT and KT tissues. Moreover, the number of CD68+ TAMs in TN of KT tissues was an independent risk factor affecting patient OS, whereas tumor resection scope might be an independent risk factor affecting patient PFS. Conclusions In view of the close relationship between TAMs, the tumor microenvironment and patient prognosis, targeting TAMs combined with chemotherapy is expected to become a new approach for the treatment of patients with KTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigao Huang
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Baojia Li
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Haiquan Qin
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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D’Accardo C, Porcelli G, Mangiapane LR, Modica C, Pantina VD, Roozafzay N, Di Franco S, Gaggianesi M, Veschi V, Lo Iacono M, Todaro M, Turdo A, Stassi G. Cancer cell targeting by CAR-T cells: A matter of stemness. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 2:1055028. [PMID: 39086964 PMCID: PMC11285689 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.1055028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents one of the most innovative immunotherapy approaches. The encouraging results achieved by CAR-T cell therapy in hematological disorders paved the way for the employment of CAR engineered T cells in different types of solid tumors. This adoptive cell therapy represents a selective and efficacious approach to eradicate tumors through the recognition of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Binding of engineered CAR-T cells to TAAs provokes the release of several cytokines, granzyme, and perforin that ultimately lead to cancer cells elimination and patient's immune system boosting. Within the tumor mass a subpopulation of cancer cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), plays a crucial role in drug resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. CAR-T cell therapy has indeed been exploited to target CSCs specific antigens as an effective strategy for tumor heterogeneity disruption. Nevertheless, a barrier to the efficacy of CAR-T cell-based therapy is represented by the poor persistence of CAR-T cells into the hostile milieu of the CSCs niche, the development of resistance to single targeting antigen, changes in tumor and T cell metabolism, and the onset of severe adverse effects. CSCs resistance is corroborated by the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and immune cells. The relationship between TME components and CSCs dampens the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy. To overcome this challenge, the double strategy based on the use of CAR-T cell therapy in combination with chemotherapy could be crucial to evade immunosuppressive TME. Here, we summarize challenges and limitations of CAR-T cell therapy targeting CSCs, with particular emphasis on the role of TME and T cell metabolic demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina D’Accardo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Modica
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Davide Pantina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Narges Roozafzay
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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19
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Guo Z, Zhou G, Hu W. Carcinogenesis induced by space radiation: A systematic review. Neoplasia 2022; 32:100828. [PMID: 35908380 PMCID: PMC9340504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The carcinogenic risk from space radiation has always been a health risk issue of great concern during space exploration. In recent years, a large number of cellular and animal experiments have demonstrated that space radiation, composed of high-energy protons and heavy ions, has shown obvious carcinogenicity. However, different from radiation on Earth, space radiation has the characteristics of high energy and low dose rate. It is rich in high-atom-number and high-energy particles and, as it is combined with other space environmental factors such as microgravity and a weak magnetic field, the study of its carcinogenic effects and mechanisms of action is difficult, which leads to great uncertainty in its carcinogenic risk assessment. Here, we review the latest progress in understanding the effects and mechanisms of action related to cell transformation and carcinogenesis induced by space radiation in recent years and summarize the prediction models of cancer risk caused by space radiation and the methods to reduce the uncertainty of prediction to provide reference for the research and risk assessment of space radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, PR China.
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20
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Tan Q, Cai J, Peng J, Hu C, Wu C, Liu H. VEGF-B targeting by aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates the migration and invasion of choriocarcinoma stem-like cells. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:221. [PMID: 35773697 PMCID: PMC9245252 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other members of the VEGF family, the function of VEGF-B in tumor progression remains to be elucidated. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the function of VEGF-B in human choriocarcinoma cells by investigating its detailed effects and molecular mechanisms. VEGF-B and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis and western blot analysis in JEG-3 cells and choriocarcinoma stem-like cells (CSLCs) and their proliferation, migration, and invasion after the transfection of short hairpin RNA VEGF-B, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; AhR agonist) treatment or StemRegenin 1 (SR1; AhR antagonist) treatment were examined by cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell assay. In addition, luciferase reporter analysis and bioinformatics data mining were used to investigate the association between VEGF-B and AhR. Upregulation of VEGF-B and AhR expression was observed in CSLCs. Following VEGF-B knockdown or SR1 treatment, the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of CSLCs were significantly decreased, contrary to the findings after TCDD treatment. It was also found that AhR enhanced VEGF-B transcriptional activity by binding to the relative promoter region. These observations indicated that VEGF-B may be an oncogene that promotes choriocarcinoma cell migration and invasion targeted by AhR. Therefore, targeting VEGF-B may provide a novel therapeutic opportunity for choriocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Tan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingting Cai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - ChenChun Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huining Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Xie F, Huang X, He C, Wang R, Li S. An Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Reveals Distinct Survival Outcome and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:876607. [PMID: 35755810 PMCID: PMC9216734 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.876607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Desmoplasia or rich fibrotic stroma is a typical property of pancreatic cancer (PC), with a significant impact on tumor progression, metastasis, and chemotherapy response. Unusual inflammatory responses are considered to induce fibrosis of tissue, but the expression and clinical significance of inflammatory response-related genes in PC have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: Prognosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified by comparing the transcriptome data of PC samples based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal and the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Samples from the ArrayExpress database were used as an external validation cohort. Results: A total of 27 inflammatory response-related DEGs in PC were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis revealed three core genes that served as an inflammatory response gene signature (IRGS), and a risk score was calculated. The diagnostic accuracy of the IRGS was validated in the training (n = 176) and validation (n = 288) cohorts, which reliably predicted the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with PC. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified the risk score as an independent risk factor for OS and DFS. The comprehensive results suggested that a high IRGS score was correlated with decreased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, increased M2 macrophage infiltration, increased occurrence of stroma-activated molecular subtype and hypoxia, enriched myofibroblast-related signaling pathways, and greater benefit from gemcitabine. Conclusion: The IRGS was able to promisingly distinguish the prognosis, the tumor microenvironment characteristics, and the benefit from chemotherapy for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Xie
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengping Li
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Pantziarka P, Blagden S. Inhibiting the Priming for Cancer in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071621. [PMID: 35406393 PMCID: PMC8997074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare cancer pre-disposition syndrome associated with a germline mutation in the TP53 tumour suppressor gene. People with LFS have a 90% chance of suffering one or more cancers in their lifetime. No treatments exist to reduce this cancer risk. This paper reviews the evidence for how cancers start in people with LFS and proposes that a series of commonly used non-cancer drugs, including metformin and aspirin, can help reduce that lifetime risk of cancer. Abstract The concept of the pre-cancerous niche applies the ‘seed and soil’ theory of metastasis to the initial process of carcinogenesis. TP53 is at the nexus of this process and, in the context of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), is a key determinant of the conditions in which cancers are formed and progress. Important factors in the creation of the pre-cancerous niche include disrupted tissue homeostasis, cellular metabolism and chronic inflammation. While druggability of TP53 remains a challenge, there is evidence that drug re-purposing may be able to address aspects of pre-cancerous niche formation and thereby reduce the risk of cancer in individuals with LFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pantziarka
- The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London KT1 2JP, UK
- The Anti-Cancer Fund, Brusselsesteenweg 11, 1860 Meise, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarah Blagden
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
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23
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Sharma V, Letson J, Furuta S. Fibrous stroma: Driver and passenger in cancer development. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabg3449. [PMID: 35258999 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abg3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cumulative evidence shows that fibrogenic stroma and stiff extracellular matrix (ECM) not only result from tumor growth but also play pivotal roles in cellular transformation and tumor initiation. This emerging concept may largely account for the increased cancer risk associated with environmental fibrogenic agents, such as asbestos and silica, and with chronic conditions that are fibrogenic, such as obesity and diabetes. It may also contribute to poor outcomes in patients treated with certain chemotherapeutics that can promote fibrosis, such as bleomycin and methotrexate. Although the mechanistic details of this phenomenon are still being unraveled, we provide an overview of the experimental evidence linking fibrogenic stroma and tumor initiation. In this Review, we will summarize the causes and consequences of fibrous stroma and how this stromal cue is transmitted to the nuclei of parenchymal cells through a physical continuum from the ECM to chromatin, as well as ECM-dependent biochemical signaling that contributes to cellular transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Joshua Letson
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Saori Furuta
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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24
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Shoaib S, Islam N, Yusuf N. Phytocompounds from the medicinal and dietary plants: Multi-target agents for cancer prevention and therapy. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4481-4506. [PMID: 35232338 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220301114251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Due to cervical cancer's high incidence and mortality, there is an unmet demand for effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive agents. At present, the preferred treatment strategies for advanced metastatic cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, cervical cancer is gradually developing resistance to chemotherapy, thereby reducing its efficacy. Over the last several decades, phytochemicals, a general term for compounds produced from plants, have gained attention for their role in preventing cervical cancer. This role in cervical cancer prevention has garnered attention on the medicinal properties of fruits and vegetables. Phytochemicals are currently being evaluated for their ability to block proteins involved in carcinogenesis and chemoresistance against cervical cancer. Chemoresistance to cancer drugs like cisplatin, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil has become a significant limitation of drug-based chemotherapy. However, the combination of cisplatin with other phytochemicals has been identified as a promising alternative to subjugate cisplatin resistance. Phytochemicals are promising chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents as they possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative potential against many cancers, including cervical cancer. Furthermore, the ability of the phytochemicals to modulate cellular signaling pathways through up and down regulation of various proteins has been claimed for their therapeutic potential. Phytochemicals also display a wide range of biological functions, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, inhibition of invasion, and migration in cervical cancer cells. Numerous studies have revealed the critical role of different signaling proteins and their signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Here, we review the ability of several dietary phytochemicals to alter carcinogenesis by modulating various molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Shoaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL 35294, United States
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25
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Protease-controlled secretion and display of intercellular signals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:912. [PMID: 35177637 PMCID: PMC8854555 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To program intercellular communication for biomedicine, it is crucial to regulate the secretion and surface display of signaling proteins. If such regulations are at the protein level, there are additional advantages, including compact delivery and direct interactions with endogenous signaling pathways. Here we create a modular, generalizable design called Retained Endoplasmic Cleavable Secretion (RELEASE), with engineered proteins retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and displayed/secreted in response to specific proteases. The design allows functional regulation of multiple synthetic and natural proteins by synthetic protease circuits to realize diverse signal processing capabilities, including logic operation and threshold tuning. By linking RELEASE to additional sensing and processing circuits, we can achieve elevated protein secretion in response to "undruggable" oncogene KRAS mutants. RELEASE should enable the local, programmable delivery of intercellular cues for a broad variety of fields such as neurobiology, cancer immunotherapy and cell transplantation.
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26
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Race and ethnic group dependent space radiation cancer risk predictions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2028. [PMID: 35132138 PMCID: PMC8821552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Future space missions by national space agencies and private industry, including space tourism, will include a diverse makeup of crewmembers with extensive variability in age, sex, and race or ethnic groups. The relative risk (RR) model is used to transfer epidemiology data between populations to estimate radiation risks. In the RR model cancer risk is assumed to be proportional to background cancer rates and limited by other causes of death, which are dependent on genetic, environmental and dietary factors that are population dependent. Here we apply the NSCR-2020 model to make the first predictions of age dependent space radiation cancer risks for several U.S. populations, which includes Asian-Pacific Islanders (API), Black, Hispanic (white and black), and White (non-Hispanic) populations. Results suggest that male API and Hispanic populations have the overall lowest cancer risks, while White females have the highest risk. Blacks have similar total cancer rates than Whites, however their reduced life expectancy leads to modestly lower lifetime radiation risks compared to Whites. There are diverse tissue specific cancer risk ranking across sex and race, which include sex specific organ risks, female’s having larger lung, stomach, and urinary-bladder radiation risks, and male’s having larger colon and brain risks.
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27
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Paradiso F, Quintela M, Lenna S, Serpelloni S, James D, Caserta S, Conlan S, Francis L, Taraballi F. Studying Activated Fibroblast Phenotypes and Fibrosis-Linked Mechanosensing Using 3D Biomimetic Models. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100450. [PMID: 35014177 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis and solid tumor progression are closely related, with both involving pathways associated with chronic wound dysregulation. Fibroblasts contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in these processes, a crucial step in scarring, organ failure, and tumor growth, but little is known about the biophysical evolution of remodeling regulation during the development and progression of matrix-related diseases including fibrosis and cancer. A 3D collagen-based scaffold model is employed here to mimic mechanical changes in normal (2 kPa, soft) versus advanced pathological (12 kPa, stiff) tissues. Activated fibroblasts grown on stiff scaffolds show lower migration and increased cell circularity compared to those on soft scaffolds. This is reflected in gene expression profiles, with cells cultured on stiff scaffolds showing upregulated DNA replication, DNA repair, and chromosome organization gene clusters, and a concomitant loss of ability to remodel and deposit ECM. Soft scaffolds can reproduce biophysically meaningful microenvironments to investigate early stage processes in wound healing and tumor niche formation, while stiff scaffolds can mimic advanced fibrotic and cancer stages. These results establish the need for tunable, affordable 3D scaffolds as platforms for aberrant stroma research and reveal the contribution of physiological and pathological microenvironment biomechanics to gene expression changes in the stromal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paradiso
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA28PP, UK.,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marcos Quintela
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA28PP, UK
| | - Stefania Lenna
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stefano Serpelloni
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David James
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA28PP, UK
| | - Sergio Caserta
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.zzle Tecchio 80, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Steve Conlan
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA28PP, UK
| | - Lewis Francis
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA28PP, UK
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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28
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Qi D, Liu Y, Li J, Huang JH, Hu X, Wu E. Salinomycin as a potent anticancer stem cell agent: State of the art and future directions. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1037-1063. [PMID: 34786735 PMCID: PMC9298915 DOI: 10.1002/med.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within a tumor that can both self‐renew and differentiate into other cell types forming the heterogeneous tumor bulk. Since CSCs are involved in all aspects of cancer development, including tumor initiation, cell proliferation, metastatic dissemination, therapy resistance, and recurrence, they have emerged as attractive targets for cancer treatment and management. Salinomycin, a widely used antibiotic in poultry farming, was identified by the Weinberg group as a potent anti‐CSC agent in 2009. As a polyether ionophore, salinomycin exerts broad‐spectrum activities, including the important anti‐CSC function. Studies on the mechanism of action of salinomycin against cancer have been continuously and rapidly published since then. Thus, it is imperative for us to update its literature of recent research findings in this area. We here summarize the notable work reported on salinomycin's anticancer activities, intracellular binding target(s), effects on tumor microenvironment, safety, derivatives, and tumor‐specific drug delivery; after that we also discuss the translational potential of salinomycin toward clinical application based on current multifaceted understandings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, USA
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29
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Plou J, Molina-Martínez B, García-Astrain C, Langer J, García I, Ercilla A, Perumal G, Carracedo A, Liz-Marzán LM. Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Monitoring of Drug Diffusion in Three-Dimensional Cell Environments by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8785-8793. [PMID: 34614348 PMCID: PMC8554797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring dynamic processes in complex cellular environments requires the integration of uniformly distributed detectors within such three-dimensional (3D) networks, to an extent that the sensor could provide real-time information on nearby perturbations in a non-invasive manner. In this context, the development of 3D-printed structures that can function as both sensors and cell culture platforms emerges as a promising strategy, not only for mimicking a specific cell niche but also toward identifying its characteristic physicochemical conditions, such as concentration gradients. We present herein a 3D cancer model that incorporates a hydrogel-based scaffold containing gold nanorods. In addition to sustaining cell growth, the printed nanocomposite inks display the ability to uncover drug diffusion profiles by surface-enhanced Raman scattering, with high spatiotemporal resolution. We additionally demonstrate that the acquired information could pave the way to designing novel strategies for drug discovery in cancer therapy, through correlation of drug diffusion with cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Plou
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Beatriz Molina-Martínez
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
| | - Clara García-Astrain
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Judith Langer
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Isabel García
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Ercilla
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Cancer (CIBERONC), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Govindaraj Perumal
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Cancer (CIBERONC), 48160 Derio, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology Department, University
of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O.
Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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30
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Balzerano A, Paccosi E, Proietti-De-Santis L. Evolutionary Mechanisms of Cancer Suggest Rational Therapeutic Approaches. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:362-371. [PMID: 34461614 DOI: 10.1159/000516530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal in personalized therapeutic approaches for cancer medicine is to identify specific mutations with prognostic and therapeutic value in order to tailor the therapy for the single patient. The most powerful obstacle for personalized medicine arises from intratumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution, which can promote drug resistance. In this scenario, new technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, have emerged as a central diagnostic tool to profile cancer (epi)genomic landscapes. Therefore, a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying cancer evolution is mandatory and represents the current challenge to accurately predict whether cancer will recur after chemotherapy with the aim to tailor rational therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Balzerano
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Elena Paccosi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luca Proietti-De-Santis
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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31
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Cui X, Wang Q, Zhou J, Wang Y, Xu C, Tong F, Wang H, Kang C. Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Glioblastoma Reveals a Unique Tumor Microenvironment and Potential Immunotherapeutic Target Against Tumor-Associated Macrophage. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710695. [PMID: 34434898 PMCID: PMC8382282 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The main immune cells in GBM are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Thus far, the studies investigating the activation status of TAM in GBM are mainly limited to bulk RNA analyses of individual tumor biopsies. The activation states and transcriptional signatures of TAMs in GBM remain poorly characterized. Methods We comprehensively analyzed single-cell RNA-sequencing data, covering a total of 16,201 cells, to clarify the relative proportions of the immune cells infiltrating GBMs. The origin and TAM states in GBM were characterized using the expression profiles of differential marker genes. The vital transcription factors were examined by SCENIC analysis. By comparing the variable gene expression patterns in different clusters and cell types, we identified components and characteristics of TAMs unique to each GBM subtype. Meanwhile, we interrogated the correlation between SPI1 expression and macrophage infiltration in the TCGA-GBM dataset. Results The expression patterns of TMEM119 and MHC-II can be utilized to distinguish the origin and activation states of TAMs. In TCGA-Mixed tumors, almost all TAMs were bone marrow-derived macrophages. The TAMs in TCGA-proneural tumors were characterized by primed microglia. A different composition was observed in TCGA-classical tumors, which were infiltrated by repressed microglia. Our results further identified SPI1 as a crucial regulon and potential immunotherapeutic target important for TAM maturation and polarization in GBM. Conclusions We describe the immune landscape of human GBM at a single-cell level and define a novel categorization scheme for TAMs in GBM. The immunotherapy against SPI1 would reprogram the immune environment of GBM and enhance the treatment effect of conventional chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Cui
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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32
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Alcaraz J, Ikemori R, Llorente A, Díaz-Valdivia N, Reguart N, Vizoso M. Epigenetic Reprogramming of Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts in Lung Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153782. [PMID: 34359678 PMCID: PMC8345093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women, partly due to limited therapy responses. New avenues of knowledge are indicating that lung cancer cells do not form a tumor in isolation but rather obtain essential support from their surrounding host tissue rich in altered fibroblasts. Notably, there is growing evidence that tumor progression and even the current limited responses to therapies could be prevented by rescuing the normal behavior of fibroblasts, which are critical housekeepers of normal tissue function. For this purpose, it is key to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the pathologic alterations of fibroblasts in cancer. This work provides a comprehensive review of the main molecular mechanisms involved in fibroblast transformation based on epigenetic reprogramming, and summarizes emerging therapeutic approaches to prevent or overcome the pathologic effects of tumor-associated fibroblasts. Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The desmoplastic stroma of lung cancer and other solid tumors is rich in tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) exhibiting an activated/myofibroblast-like phenotype. There is growing awareness that TAFs support key steps of tumor progression and are epigenetically reprogrammed compared to healthy fibroblasts. Although the mechanisms underlying such epigenetic reprogramming are incompletely understood, there is increasing evidence that they involve interactions with either cancer cells, pro-fibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β, the stiffening of the surrounding extracellular matrix, smoking cigarette particles and other environmental cues. These aberrant interactions elicit a global DNA hypomethylation and a selective transcriptional repression through hypermethylation of the TGF-β transcription factor SMAD3 in lung TAFs. Likewise, similar DNA methylation changes have been reported in TAFs from other cancer types, as well as histone core modifications and altered microRNA expression. In this review we summarize the evidence of the epigenetic reprogramming of TAFs, how this reprogramming contributes to the acquisition and maintenance of a tumor-promoting phenotype, and how it provides novel venues for therapeutic intervention, with a special focus on lung TAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.I.); (A.L.); (N.D.-V.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Rafael Ikemori
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.I.); (A.L.); (N.D.-V.)
| | - Alejandro Llorente
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.I.); (A.L.); (N.D.-V.)
| | - Natalia Díaz-Valdivia
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.I.); (A.L.); (N.D.-V.)
| | - Noemí Reguart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Vizoso
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.A.); (M.V.)
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33
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Liu F, Yang Z, Zheng L, Shao W, Cui X, Wang Y, Jia J, Fu Y. A Tumor Progression Related 7-Gene Signature Indicates Prognosis and Tumor Immune Characteristics of Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:690129. [PMID: 34195091 PMCID: PMC8238374 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.690129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy. Since it is often diagnosed in the advanced stage, its mortality rate is high. Traditional therapies (such as continuous chemotherapy) are not satisfactory for advanced gastric cancer, but immunotherapy has shown great therapeutic potential. Gastric cancer has high molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity. New strategies for accurate prognostic evaluation and patient selection for immunotherapy are urgently needed. METHODS Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify hub genes related to gastric cancer progression. Based on the hub genes, the samples were divided into two subtypes by consensus clustering analysis. After obtaining the differentially expressed genes between the subtypes, a gastric cancer risk model was constructed through univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differences in prognosis, clinical features, tumor microenvironment (TME) components and immune characteristics were compared between subtypes and risk groups, and the connectivity map (CMap) database was applied to identify potential treatments for high-risk patients. RESULTS WGCNA and screening revealed nine hub genes closely related to gastric cancer progression. Unsupervised clustering according to hub gene expression grouped gastric cancer patients into two subtypes related to disease progression, and these patients showed significant differences in prognoses, TME immune and stromal scores, and suppressive immune checkpoint expression. Based on the different expression patterns between the subtypes, we constructed a gastric cancer risk model and divided patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk group based on the risk score. High-risk patients had a poorer prognosis, higher TME immune/stromal scores, higher inhibitory immune checkpoint expression, and more immune characteristics suitable for immunotherapy. Multivariate Cox regression analysis including the age, stage and risk score indicated that the risk score can be used as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. On the basis of the risk score, we constructed a nomogram that relatively accurately predicts gastric cancer patient prognoses and screened potential drugs for high-risk patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the 7-gene signature related to tumor progression could predict the clinical prognosis and tumor immune characteristics of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongcheng Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujie Cui
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Department of Microbiology/Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Saxena S, Singh RK. Chemokines orchestrate tumor cells and the microenvironment to achieve metastatic heterogeneity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:447-476. [PMID: 33959849 PMCID: PMC9863248 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines, a subfamily of the cell cytokines, are low molecular weight proteins known to induce chemotaxis in leukocytes in response to inflammatory and pathogenic signals. A plethora of literature demonstrates that chemokines and their receptors regulate tumor progression and metastasis. With these diverse functionalities, chemokines act as a fundamental link between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. Recent studies demonstrate that the biology of chemokines and their receptor in metastasis is complex as numerous chemokines are involved in regulating site-specific tumor growth and metastasis. Successful treatment of disseminated cancer is a significant challenge. The most crucial problem for treating metastatic cancer is developing therapy regimes capable of overcoming heterogeneity problems within primary tumors and among metastases and within metastases (intralesional). This heterogeneity of malignant tumor cells can be related to metastatic potential, response to chemotherapy or specific immunotherapy, and many other factors. In this review, we have emphasized the role of chemokines in the process of metastasis and metastatic heterogeneity. Individual chemokines may not express the full potential to address metastatic heterogeneity, but chemokine networks need exploration. Understanding the interplay between chemokine-chemokine receptor networks between the tumor cells and their microenvironment is a novel approach to overcome the problem of metastatic heterogeneity. Recent advances in the understanding of chemokine networks pave the way for developing a potential targeted therapeutic strategy to treat metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA.
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Armani G, Pozzi E, Pagani A, Porta C, Rizzo M, Cicognini D, Rovati B, Moccia F, Pedrazzoli P, Ferraris E. The heterogeneity of cancer endothelium: The relevance of angiogenesis and endothelial progenitor cells in cancer microenvironment. Microvasc Res 2021; 138:104189. [PMID: 34062191 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated vessels constitution is the result of angiogenesis, the hallmark of cancer essential for tumor to develop in dimension and to spread throughout the organism. Tumor endothelium is configured as an active functioning organ capable of determine interaction with the immune response and all the other components of the variegate cancer microenvironment, determining reciprocal influence. Angiogenesis is here analyzed in its molecular and cellular mechanisms, multiple mediators and principal players, represented by Endothelial Cells. It is discussed the striking heterogeneity of cancer endothelium, due to morphological and molecular aberrations that it often presents and its multiple origin. Among the cells that participate to the composition of tumor vasculature, Endothelial Progenitor Cells represent an important source for physical sustain and paracrine signaling in the process of angiogenesis. Treatment options are reviewed, with particular focus on novel therapeutic strategies for overcoming tumor resistance to anti-angiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Armani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Italy..
| | - Emma Pozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pagani
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Division of Translational Oncology, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mimma Rizzo
- Division of Translational Oncology, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Cicognini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bianca Rovati
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferraris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Jain A, Madu CO, Lu Y. Phytochemicals in Chemoprevention: A Cost-Effective Complementary Approach. J Cancer 2021; 12:3686-3700. [PMID: 33995644 PMCID: PMC8120178 DOI: 10.7150/jca.57776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death across the world. Although conventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have effectively decreased cancer progression, they come with many dose-limiting side-effects. Phytochemicals that naturally occur in spices, fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, and other common foods are surprisingly effective complements to conventional cancer treatments. These biologically active compounds demonstrate anticancer effects via cell signaling pathway interference in cancerous cells. In addition, phytochemicals protect non-cancerous cells from chemotherapy-induced side-effects. This paper addresses the not only the potential of phytochemicals quercetin, isoflavones, curcumin, catechins, and hesperidin in terms of cancer treatment and protection against side-effects of chemotherapy, but also methods for increasing phytochemical bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayush Jain
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152. USA
| | - Chikezie O. Madu
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152. USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163. USA
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Dogra S, Hannafon BN. Breast Cancer Microenvironment Cross Talk through Extracellular Vesicle RNAs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1330-1341. [PMID: 33895121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of extracellular communication has been at the forefront of research efforts in recent years. However, the mechanisms of cell-to-cell communication in complex tissues are poorly understood. What is clear is that cells do not exist in isolation, that they are constantly interacting and communicating with cells in the immediate vicinity and with cells at a distance. Intercellular communication by the release of small extracellular vesicles, called exosomes, loaded with RNAs is one mechanism by which cells communicate. In recent years, research has shown that exosomes, a class of extracellular vesicles, can play a major role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Specifically, exosomes have been demonstrated to play a role in promoting primary cancer development, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance. This review summarizes what is known about the mechanisms of exosome-mediated transfer of RNAs among cells in the breast microenvironment and discusses outstanding questions and the potential for new therapeutic intervention targeted at these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrita Dogra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Bethany N Hannafon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS): Critical roles in breast tumor microenvironment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Dujon AM, Aktipis A, Alix‐Panabières C, Amend SR, Boddy AM, Brown JS, Capp J, DeGregori J, Ewald P, Gatenby R, Gerlinger M, Giraudeau M, Hamede RK, Hansen E, Kareva I, Maley CC, Marusyk A, McGranahan N, Metzger MJ, Nedelcu AM, Noble R, Nunney L, Pienta KJ, Polyak K, Pujol P, Read AF, Roche B, Sebens S, Solary E, Staňková K, Swain Ewald H, Thomas F, Ujvari B. Identifying key questions in the ecology and evolution of cancer. Evol Appl 2021; 14:877-892. [PMID: 33897809 PMCID: PMC8061275 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of evolutionary and ecological principles to cancer prevention and treatment, as well as recognizing cancer as a selection force in nature, has gained impetus over the last 50 years. Following the initial theoretical approaches that combined knowledge from interdisciplinary fields, it became clear that using the eco-evolutionary framework is of key importance to understand cancer. We are now at a pivotal point where accumulating evidence starts to steer the future directions of the discipline and allows us to underpin the key challenges that remain to be addressed. Here, we aim to assess current advancements in the field and to suggest future directions for research. First, we summarize cancer research areas that, so far, have assimilated ecological and evolutionary principles into their approaches and illustrate their key importance. Then, we assembled 33 experts and identified 84 key questions, organized around nine major themes, to pave the foundations for research to come. We highlight the urgent need for broadening the portfolio of research directions to stimulate novel approaches at the interface of oncology and ecological and evolutionary sciences. We conclude that progressive and efficient cross-disciplinary collaborations that draw on the expertise of the fields of ecology, evolution and cancer are essential in order to efficiently address current and future questions about cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine M. Dujon
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative EcologyDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVic.Australia
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Athena Aktipis
- Biodesign InstituteDepartment of PsychologyArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Catherine Alix‐Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH)University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Sarah R. Amend
- Brady Urological InstituteThe Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Amy M. Boddy
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA
| | - Joel S. Brown
- Department of Integrated MathematicsMoffitt Cancer CenterTampaFLUSA
| | - Jean‐Pascal Capp
- Toulouse Biotechnology InstituteINSA/University of ToulouseCNRSINRAEToulouseFrance
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsIntegrated Department of ImmunologyDepartment of PaediatricsDepartment of Medicine (Section of Hematology)University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - Paul Ewald
- Department of BiologyUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Robert Gatenby
- Department of RadiologyH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research InstituteTampaFLUSA
| | - Marco Gerlinger
- Translational Oncogenomics LabThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Mathieu Giraudeau
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs)UMR 7266CNRS‐Université de La RochelleLa RochelleFrance
| | | | - Elsa Hansen
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Biology DepartmentPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Irina Kareva
- Mathematical and Computational Sciences CenterSchool of Human Evolution and Social ChangeArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Carlo C. Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution CenterBiodesign Institute and School of Life SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Andriy Marusyk
- Department of Cancer PhysiologyH Lee Moffitt Cancer Centre and Research InstituteTampaFLUSA
| | - Nicholas McGranahan
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceUniversity College London Cancer InstituteLondonUK
| | | | | | - Robert Noble
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichBaselSwitzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Leonard Nunney
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal BiologyUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCAUSA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Brady Urological InstituteThe Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Pascal Pujol
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Arnaud de VilleneuveMontpellierFrance
| | - Andrew F. Read
- Center for Infectious Disease DynamicsHuck Institutes of the Life SciencesDepartments of Biology and EntomologyPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Benjamin Roche
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- Unité Mixte Internationale de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes ComplexesUMI IRD/Sorbonne UniversitéUMMISCOBondyFrance
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinKielGermany
| | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1287Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
- Faculté de MédecineUniversité Paris‐SaclayLe Kremlin‐BicêtreFrance
| | - Kateřina Staňková
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge EngineeringMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Delft Institute of Applied MathematicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands
| | | | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Beata Ujvari
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesCentre for Integrative EcologyDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVic.Australia
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40
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He R, Wang Z, Shi W, Yu L, Xia H, Huang Z, Liu S, Zhao X, Xu Y, Yam JWP, Cui Y. Exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment and their potential clinical application value. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111529. [PMID: 34311529 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a challenging disease in the world today. Due to the limitations on the current diagnosis and treatment as well as its high metastatic ability and high recurrence rate, HCC gradually becomes the second deadliest tumor. Exosomes are one of the types of cell-derived vesicles and can carry intracellular materials such as genetic materials, lipids, and proteins. In recent years, it has been verified that exosomes are linked to numerous physiological and pathological processes, including HCC. However, how exosomes affect HCC progression remains largely unknown. In this review, the exosome-mediated cellular material transfer between cells of different types in the HCC microenvironment and their effects on the behaviors and functions of recipient cells are studied. Furthermore, we also addressed the underlying molecular mechanisms. We believe that new light on the diagnosis of this cancer as well as its treatment strategies will be shed after a collation of literature in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng He
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Wenguang Shi
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Haoming Xia
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Ziyue Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Shuqiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
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41
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Chen Z, Ma N, Sun X, Li Q, Zeng Y, Chen F, Sun S, Xu J, Zhang J, Ye H, Ge J, Zhang Z, Cui X, Leong K, Chen Y, Gu Z. Automated evaluation of tumor spheroid behavior in 3D culture using deep learning-based recognition. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120770. [PMID: 33798957 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional in vitro tumor models provide more physiologically relevant responses to drugs than 2D models, but the lack of proper evaluation indices and the laborious quantitation of tumor behavior in 3D have limited the use of 3D tumor models in large-scale preclinical drug screening. Here we propose two indices of 3D tumor invasiveness-the excess perimeter index (EPI) and the multiscale entropy index (MSEI)-and combine these indices with a new convolutional neural network-based algorithm for tumor spheroid boundary detection. This new algorithm for 3D tumor boundary detection and invasiveness analysis is more accurate than any other existing algorithms. We apply this spheroid monitoring and AI-based recognition technique ("SMART") to evaluating the invasiveness of tumor spheroids grown from tumor cell lines and from primary tumor cells in 3D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaozao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Qiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Shiqi Sun
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Xingran Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Kam Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China.
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The Secreted Protein C10orf118 Is a New Regulator of Hyaluronan Synthesis Involved in Tumour-Stroma Cross-Talk. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051105. [PMID: 33807583 PMCID: PMC7961460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hyaluronan is a main glycosaminoglycan in extracellular matrix with an important role in breast cancer progression. Alterations in its synthesis and size may affect tu-mour growth and metastasis. Communication between stromal and breast cancer cells consists of the secretion of factors that provoke a series of cell signalling that influence cell fate and tis-sue microenvironment, by favouring tumour cell survival and motility. Here, we present the c10orf118 protein expressed in high amounts by breast tumour cells as a new regulator in hya-luronan synthesis. This protein is found both in Golgi and secreted in the extracellular matrix, whereas its role is still unknown. The secreted c10orf118 is found to induce hyaluronan synthase 2 in normal fibroblasts. Importantly, high expression of c10orf118 is positively correlated to pa-tient’s survival and to a low metastasis. Abstract Interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is central in defining the fate of cancer development. Tumour cells secrete signals (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors) that modify the surrounding area, while the niche supplies structures and activities necessary for tumour maintenance and growth. Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan that constitute cancer cell niche and is known to influence tumour functions such as proliferation, migration and neoangiogenesis. The knowledge of the factors regulating HA synthesis and size is crucial in understanding the mechanisms sustaining tumour development. Here we show that a yet uncharacterized protein secreted by breast tumour cell lines, named c10orf118 (accession number NM_018017 in NCBI/BLAST, and Q7z3E2 according to the Uniprot identifier), with a predicted length of 898 amino acids, can induce the secretion of HA by stromal fibroblasts through the up-regulation of the hyaluronan synthase 2 gene (HAS2). Intracellularly, this protein is localized in the Golgi apparatus with a possible role in vesicle maturation and transport. The expression of c10orf118 was verified in breast cancer patient specimens and was found to be associated with the presence of estrogen receptor that characterizes a good patient survival. We suggest c10orf118 as a new player that influences the HA amount in breast cancer microenvironment and is associated with low aggressiveness of cancer.
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Ma L, Gonzalez-Junca A, Zheng Y, Ouyang H, Illa-Bochaca I, Horst KC, Krings G, Wang Y, Fernandez-Garcia I, Chou W, Barcellos-Hoff MH. Inflammation Mediates the Development of Aggressive Breast Cancer Following Radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:1778-1791. [PMID: 33402361 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Women treated with radiotherapy before 30 years of age have increased risk of developing breast cancer at an early age. Here, we sought to investigate mechanisms by which radiation promotes aggressive cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The tumor microenvironment (TME) of breast cancers arising in women treated with radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma was compared with that of sporadic breast cancers. To investigate radiation effects on carcinogenesis, we analyzed tumors arising from Trp53-null mammary transplants after irradiation of the target epithelium or host using immunocompetent and incompetent mice, some of which were treated with aspirin. RESULTS Compared with age-matched specimens of sporadic breast cancer, radiation-preceded breast cancers (RP-BC) were characterized by TME rich in TGFβ, cyclooxygenase 2, and myeloid cells, indicative of greater immunosuppression, even when matched for triple-negative status. The mechanism by which radiation impacts TME construction was investigated in carcinomas arising in mice bearing Trp53-null mammary transplants. Immunosuppressive TMEs (iTME) were recapitulated in mice irradiated before transplantation, which implicated systemic immune effects. In nu/nu mice lacking adaptive immunity irradiated before Trp53-null mammary transplantation, cancers also established an iTME, which pointed to a critical role for myeloid cells. Consistent with this, irradiated mammary glands contained more macrophages and human cells cocultured with polarized macrophages underwent dysplastic morphogenesis mediated by IFNγ. Treating mice with low-dose aspirin for 6 months postirradiation prevented establishment of an iTME and resulted in less aggressive tumors. CONCLUSIONS These data show that radiation acts via nonmutational mechanisms to promote markedly immunosuppressive features of aggressive, RP-BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Alba Gonzalez-Junca
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yufei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Haoxu Ouyang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Irineu Illa-Bochaca
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kathleen C Horst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Gregor Krings
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - William Chou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Abreu TR, Biscaia M, Gonçalves N, Fonseca NA, Moreira JN. In Vitro and In Vivo Tumor Models for the Evaluation of Anticancer Nanoparticles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1295:271-299. [PMID: 33543464 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58174-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies about tumor biology have revealed the determinant role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, resulting from the dynamic interactions between tumor cells and surrounding stromal cells within the extracellular matrix. This malignant microenvironment highly impacts the efficacy of anticancer nanoparticles by displaying drug resistance mechanisms, as well as intrinsic physical and biochemical barriers, which hamper their intratumoral accumulation and biological activity.Currently, two-dimensional cell cultures are used as the initial screening method in vitro for testing cytotoxic nanocarriers. However, this fails to mimic the tumor heterogeneity, as well as the three-dimensional tumor architecture and pathophysiological barriers, leading to an inaccurate pharmacological evaluation.Biomimetic 3D in vitro tumor models, on the other hand, are emerging as promising tools for more accurately assessing nanoparticle activity, owing to their ability to recapitulate certain features of the tumor microenvironment and thus provide mechanistic insights into nanocarrier intratumoral penetration and diffusion rates.Notwithstanding, in vivo validation of nanomedicines remains irreplaceable at the preclinical stage, and a vast variety of more advanced in vivo tumor models is currently available. Such complex animal models (e.g., genetically engineered mice and patient-derived xenografts) are capable of better predicting nanocarrier clinical efficiency, as they closely resemble the heterogeneity of the human tumor microenvironment.Herein, the development of physiologically more relevant in vitro and in vivo tumor models for the preclinical evaluation of anticancer nanoparticles will be discussed, as well as the current limitations and future challenges in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Abreu
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal.,UC - University of Coimbra, CIBB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Biscaia
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nélio Gonçalves
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Fonseca
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal.,TREAT U, SA, Parque Industrial de Taveiro, Lote 44, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Nuno Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal. .,UC - University of Coimbra, CIBB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal.
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45
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Cancer-secreted exosomal miR-1468-5p promotes tumor immune escape via the immunosuppressive reprogramming of lymphatic vessels. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1512-1528. [PMID: 33388421 PMCID: PMC8058488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are an active barrier to the effector arm of the anti-tumor immune response; however, it remains unclear how LECs become immunosuppressive in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been implicated in intercellular crosstalk within the TME. Here, we report a mechanistic model via which cervical cancer-secreted, exosome-encapsulated microRNA (miR)-1468-5p promotes lymphatic PD-L1 upregulation and lymphangiogenesis to impair T cell immunity. Subsequently, exosomal miR-1468-5p epigenetically activates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in LECs by directly targeting homeobox containing 1 (HMBOX1) in the SOCS1 promoter, activating an immunosuppressive program that allows cancer cells to escape anti-cancer immunity. Furthermore, clinical data reveal that high serum exosomal miR-1468-5p levels correlate with TME immunosuppressive status and poor prognosis in cervical cancer (CCa) patients. Taken together, our results suggest that cancer-secreted exosomal miR-1468-5p instructs LECs to form an integrated immunosuppressive TME component and may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CCa.
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46
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Mirhadi E, Mashreghi M, Faal Maleki M, Alavizadeh SH, Arabi L, Badiee A, Jaafari MR. Redox-sensitive nanoscale drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Dragomir MP, Moisoiu V, Manaila R, Pardini B, Knutsen E, Anfossi S, Amit M, Calin GA. A Holistic Perspective: Exosomes Shuttle between Nerves and Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113529. [PMID: 33142779 PMCID: PMC7693842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the limitations of cancer research has been the restricted focus on tumor cells and the omission of other non-malignant cells that are constitutive elements of this systemic disease. Current research is focused on the bidirectional communication between tumor cells and other components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as immune and endothelial cells, and nerves. A major success of this bidirectional approach has been the development of immunotherapy. Recently, a more complex landscape involving a multi-lateral communication between the non-malignant components of the TME started to emerge. A prime example is the interplay between immune and endothelial cells, which led to the approval of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and classical chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Hence, a paradigm shift approach is to characterize the crosstalk between different non-malignant components of the TME and understand their role in tumorigenesis. In this perspective, we discuss the interplay between nerves and immune cells within the TME. In particular, we focus on exosomes and microRNAs as a systemic, rapid and dynamic communication channel between tumor cells, nerves and immune cells contributing to cancer progression. Finally, we discuss how combinatorial therapies blocking this tumorigenic cross-talk could lead to improved outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea P. Dragomir
- Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.P.D.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Vlad Moisoiu
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Manaila
- Clinical Institute of Urology and Renal Transplantation, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Erik Knutsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Simone Anfossi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.P.D.); (G.A.C.)
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Blanco-Gómez A, Hontecillas-Prieto L, Corchado-Cobos R, García-Sancha N, Salvador N, Castellanos-Martín A, Sáez-Freire MDM, Mendiburu-Eliçabe M, Alonso-López D, De Las Rivas J, Lorente M, García-Casas A, Del Carmen S, Abad-Hernández MDM, Cruz-Hernández JJ, Rodríguez-Sánchez CA, Claros-Ampuero J, García-Cenador B, García-Criado J, Orimo A, Gridley T, Pérez-Losada J, Castillo-Lluva S. Stromal SNAI2 Is Required for ERBB2 Breast Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5216-5230. [PMID: 33023950 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SNAI2 overexpression appears to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, yet it remains unclear in which breast cancer subtypes this occurs. Here we show that excess SNAI2 is associated with a poor prognosis of luminal B HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancers in which SNAI2 expression in the stroma but not the epithelium correlates with tumor proliferation. To determine how stromal SNAI2 might influence HER2+ tumor behavior, Snai2-deficient mice were crossed with a mouse line carrying the ErbB2/Neu protooncogene to generate HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancer. Tumors generated in this model expressed SNAI2 in the stroma but not the epithelium, allowing for the role of stromal SNAI2 to be studied without interference from the epithelial compartment. The absence of SNAI2 in the stroma of HER2+/ERBB2+ tumors is associated with: (i) lower levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and reduced tumor epithelium proliferation; (ii) higher levels of AKT and a lower incidence of metastasis; (iii) lower levels of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), and more necrosis. Together, these results indicate that the loss of SNAI2 in cancer-associated fibroblasts limits the production of some cytokines, which influences AKT/ERK tumor signaling and subsequent proliferative and metastatic capacity of ERBB2+ breast cancer cells. Accordingly, SNAI2 expression in the stroma enhanced the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancers. This work emphasizes the importance of stromal SNAI2 in breast cancer progression and patients' prognosis. SIGNIFICANCE: Stromal SNAI2 expression enhances the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2+ breast cancers and can identify a subset of patients with poor prognosis, making SNAI2 a potential therapeutic target for this disease. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/23/5216/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Blanco-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Roberto Corchado-Cobos
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Sancha
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nélida Salvador
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Castellanos-Martín
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Sáez-Freire
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina Mendiburu-Eliçabe
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Diego Alonso-López
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mar Lorente
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana García-Casas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Del Carmen
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Abad-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Jesús Cruz-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - César Augusto Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Begoña García-Cenador
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier García-Criado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Akira Orimo
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas Gridley
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Jesús Pérez-Losada
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Grigoryeva ES, Savelieva OE, Popova NO, Cherdyntseva NV, Perelmuter VM. Do tumor exosome integrins alone determine organotropic metastasis? Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8145-8157. [PMID: 32929649 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most life-threatening event in cancer patients, so the key strategy to treat cancer should be preventing tumor spread. Predicting the site of probable hematogenous metastasis is important for determining the therapeutic algorithm that could prevent the spread of tumor cells. Certain hopes for solving this problem appeared owing to study showing the association between specific integrins on tumor exosomes surface and the site of future metastasis. Numerous experimental data indicate the ability of exosomes to transfer various phlogogenic factors to the target organ, which can lead to the formation of inflammatory foci. Studies of T-lymphocytes homing show that expression of various adhesion molecules including ligands for integrins highly increases on the endothelium during inflammation. Such a mechanism underlies not only in leukocyte transvasation, but, apparently, in the accumulation of bone marrow precursor cells and the formation of a premetastatic niche. This review summarizes the most significant data on the role exosomes to induce inflammation, which leads to the recruiting of bone marrow precursors and the establishment of premetastatic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Grigoryeva
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Kooperativny Str. 5, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation.
| | - O E Savelieva
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Savinyh Str. 12/1, Tomsk, 634028, Russian Federation
| | - N O Popova
- Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Kooperativny Str. 5, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - N V Cherdyntseva
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Kooperativny Str. 5, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - V M Perelmuter
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Savinyh Str. 12/1, Tomsk, 634028, Russian Federation
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50
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Down syndrome iPSC model: endothelial perspective on tumor development. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3387-3404. [PMID: 32934781 PMCID: PMC7486695 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21 (T21), known as Down syndrome (DS), is a widely studied chromosomal abnormality. Previous studies have shown that DS individuals have a unique cancer profile. While exhibiting low solid tumor prevalence, DS patients are at risk for hematologic cancers, such as acute megakaryocytic leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We speculated that endothelial cells are active players in this clinical background. To this end, we hypothesized that impaired DS endothelial development and functionality, impacted by genome-wide T21 alterations, potentially results in a suboptimal endothelial microenvironment with the capability to prevent solid tumor growth. To test this hypothesis, we assessed molecular and phenotypic differences of endothelial cells differentiated from Down syndrome and euploid iPS cells. Microarray, RNA-Seq, and bioinformatic analyses revealed that most significantly expressed genes belong to angiogenic, cytoskeletal rearrangement, extracellular matrix remodeling, and inflammatory pathways. Interestingly, the majority of these genes are not located on Chromosome 21. To substantiate these findings, we carried out functional assays. The obtained phenotypic results correlated with the molecular data and showed that Down syndrome endothelial cells exhibit decreased proliferation, reduced migration, and a weak TNF-α inflammatory response. Based on this data, we provide a set of genes potentially associated with Down syndrome’s elevated leukemic incidence and its unfavorable solid tumor microenvironment—highlighting the potential use of these genes as therapeutic targets in translational cancer research.
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