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Yao G, Tian Y, Ke W, Fang J, Ma S, Li T, Cheng X, Xia B, Wen L, Gao Z. Direct Identification of Complex Glycans via a Highly Sensitive Engineered Nanopore. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13356-13366. [PMID: 38602480 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The crucial roles that glycans play in biological systems are determined by their structures. However, the analysis of glycan structures still has numerous bottlenecks due to their inherent complexities. The nanopore technology has emerged as a powerful sensor for DNA sequencing and peptide detection. This has a significant impact on the development of a related research area. Currently, nanopores are beginning to be applied for the detection of simple glycans, but the analysis of complex glycans by this technology is still challenging. Here, we designed an engineered α-hemolysin nanopore M113R/T115A to achieve the sensing of complex glycans at micromolar concentrations and under label-free conditions. By extracting characteristic features to depict a three-dimensional (3D) scatter plot, glycans with different numbers of functional groups, various chain lengths ranging from disaccharide to decasaccharide, and distinct glycosidic linkages could be distinguished. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show different behaviors of glycans with β1,3- or β1,4-glycosidic bonds in nanopores. More importantly, the designed nanopore system permitted the discrimination of each glycan isomer with different lengths in a mixture with a separation ratio of over 0.9. This work represents a proof-of-concept demonstration that complex glycans can be analyzed using nanopore sequencing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yinping Tian
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenjun Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengzhou Ma
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tiehai Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, Hangzhou 330106, China
| | - Bingqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liuqing Wen
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaobing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
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2
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Li P, Liu Z. Glycan-specific molecularly imprinted polymers towards cancer diagnostics: merits, applications, and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1870-1891. [PMID: 38223993 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00842h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant glycans are a hallmark of cancer states. Notably, emerging evidence has demonstrated that the diagnosis of cancers with tumour-specific glycan patterns holds great potential to address unmet medical needs, especially in improving diagnostic sensitivity and selectivity. However, despite vast glycans having been identified as potent markers, glycan-based diagnostic methods remain largely limited in clinical practice. There are several reasons that prevent them from reaching the market, and the lack of anti-glycan antibodies is one of the most challenging hurdles. With the increasing need for accelerating the translational process, numerous efforts have been made to find antibody alternatives, such as lectins, boronic acids and aptamers. However, issues concerning affinity, selectivity, stability and versatility are yet to be fully addressed. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), synthetic antibody mimics with tailored cavities for target molecules, hold the potential to revolutionize this dismal progress. MIPs can bind a wide range of glycan markers, even those without specific antibodies. This capacity effectively broadens the clinical applicability of glycan-based diagnostics. Additionally, glycoform-resolved diagnosis can also be achieved through customization of MIPs, allowing for more precise diagnostic applications. In this review, we intent to introduce the current status of glycans as potential biomarkers and critically evaluate the challenges that hinder the development of in vitro diagnostic assays, with a particular focus on glycan-specific recognition entities. Moreover, we highlight the key role of MIPs in this area and provide examples of their successful use. Finally, we conclude the review with the remaining challenges, future outlook, and emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Qiu P, Chen X, Xiao C, Zhang M, Wang H, Wang C, Li D, Liu J, Chen Y, Liu L, Zhao Q. Emerging glyco-risk prediction model to forecast response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6411-6434. [PMID: 36757621 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications leading to heterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to construct a risk prediction model based on glycosyltransferase to forecast the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in CRC patients. METHODS Based on the TCGA dataset and glycosyltransferase genes, the NMF algorithm and WGCNA were used to identify molecular subtypes and co-expressed genes, respectively. Lasso and multivariate COX regression were used to identify prognostic glycosyltransferase genes and construct a glyco-risk prediction model in CRC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier, and ROC curves were applied to further verify the prognostic performance of the model in CRC patients in the training and validation sets. We compared the responsiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy between the two groups. In vitro experiments and clinical specimens verified the specific function of the key glycosyltransferase genes in CRC. RESULTS The CRC cohort was divided into two subtypes with prominent differences in survival based on the well-robust seven-gene glyco-risk prediction model (composed of ALG1L2, HAS1, PYGL, COLGALT2, B3GNT4, POFUT2, and GALNT7). The nomograms based on the risk model could predict the prognosis of CRC patients independently of other clinicopathologic characteristics. Our prediction model showed a better overall prediction performance than other models. Compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk CRC patients showed a lower immune infiltration state, but a higher TMB and a lower response to anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Clinical specimen validation showed an obvious difference in the expression of seven glycosyltransferase genes between the low- and high-risk groups. Significant reduction in POFUT2 expression in high-risk groups was associated with reduced N-glycans production. CONCLUSION Our study constructed a robust glyco-risk prediction model that could provide direction for immunotherapy and chemotherapy in CRC patients, which could help clinicians make personalized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Daojiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Chang X, Obianwuna UE, Wang J, Zhang H, Qi G, Qiu K, Wu S. Glycosylated proteins with abnormal glycosylation changes are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123855. [PMID: 36868337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cancer management relies on tumor type and stage for diagnosis and treatment, which leads to recurrence and metastasis and death in young women. Early detection of proteins in the serum aids diagnosis, progression, and clinical outcomes, possibly improving survival rate of breast cancer patients. In this review, we provided an insight into the influence of aberrant glycosylation on breast cancer development and progression. Examined literatures revealed that mechanisms underlying glycosylation moieties alteration could enhance early detection, monitoring, and therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer patients. This would serve as a guide for the development of new serum biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity, providing possible serological biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, progression, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shugeng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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5
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Pan S, Chen R. Pathological implication of protein post-translational modifications in cancer. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 86:101097. [PMID: 35400524 PMCID: PMC9378605 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) profoundly influence protein functions and play crucial roles in essentially all cell biological processes. The diverse realm of PTMs and their crosstalk is linked to many critical signaling events involved in neoplastic transformation, carcinogenesis and metastasis. The pathological roles of various PTMs are implicated in all aspects of cancer hallmark functions, cancer metabolism and regulation of tumor microenvironment. Study of PTMs has become an important area in cancer research to understand cancer biology and discover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. With a limited scope, this review attempts to discuss some PTMs of high frequency with recognized importance in cancer biology, including phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, palmitoylation and ubiquitination, as well as their implications in clinical applications. These protein modifications are among the most abundant PTMs and profoundly implicated in carcinogenesis.
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6
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Indraratna AD, Everest-Dass A, Skropeta D, Sanderson-Smith M. OUP accepted manuscript. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6519265. [PMID: 35104861 PMCID: PMC9075583 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host carbohydrates, or glycans, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many bacterial infections. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that readily colonises the skin and oropharynx, and is a significant cause of mortality in humans. While the glycointeractions orchestrated by many other pathogens are increasingly well-described, the understanding of the role of human glycans in GAS disease remains incomplete. Although basic investigation into the mechanisms of GAS disease is ongoing, several glycointeractions have been identified and are examined herein. The majority of research in this context has focussed on bacterial adherence, however, glycointeractions have also been implicated in carbohydrate metabolism; evasion of host immunity; biofilm adaptations; and toxin-mediated haemolysis. The involvement of human glycans in these diverse avenues of pathogenesis highlights the clinical value of understanding glycointeractions in combatting GAS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuk D Indraratna
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Keiraville New South Wales 2522, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Arun Everest-Dass
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave, Keiraville New South Wales 2522, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Martina Sanderson-Smith
- Corresponding author: Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Bld 32, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, New South Wales, 2522, Australia. Tel: +61 2 42981935; E-mail:
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7
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Walther R, Monge P, Pedersen AB, Benderoth A, Pedersen JN, Farzadfard A, Mandrup OA, Howard KA, Otzen DE, Zelikin AN. Per-glycosylation of the Surface-Accessible Lysines: One-Pot Aqueous Route to Stabilized Proteins with Native Activity. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2478-2485. [PMID: 33998129 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemical glycosylation of proteins is a powerful tool applied widely in biomedicine and biotechnology. However, it is a challenging undertaking and typically relies on recombinant proteins and site-specific conjugations. The scope and utility of this nature-inspired methodology would be broadened tremendously by the advent of facile, scalable techniques in glycosylation, which are currently missing. In this work, we investigated a one-pot aqueous protocol to achieve indiscriminate, surface-wide glycosylation of the surface accessible amines (lysines and/or N-terminus). We reveal that this approach afforded minimal if any change in the protein activity and recognition events in biochemical and cell culture assays, but at the same time provided a significant benefit of stabilizing proteins against aggregation and fibrillation - as demonstrated on serum proteins (albumins and immunoglobulin G, IgG), an enzyme (uricase), and proteins involved in neurodegenerative disease (α-synuclein) and diabetes (insulin). Most importantly, this highly advantageous result was achieved via a one-pot aqueous protocol performed on native proteins, bypassing the use of complex chemical methodologies and recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Walther
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Pere Monge
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Anja Benderoth
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Azad Farzadfard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Ole A Mandrup
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Kenneth A Howard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Alexander N Zelikin
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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8
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Wang M, Chen W, Chen J, Yuan S, Hu J, Han B, Huang Y, Zhou W. Abnormal saccharides affecting cancer multi-drug resistance (MDR) and the reversal strategies. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113487. [PMID: 33933752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinically, chemotherapy is the mainstay in the treatment of multiple cancers. However, highly adaptable and activated survival signaling pathways of cancer cells readily emerge after long exposure to chemotherapeutics drugs, resulting in multi-drug resistance (MDR) and treatment failure. Recently, growing evidences indicate that the molecular action mechanisms of cancer MDR are closely associated with abnormalities in saccharides. In this review, saccharides affecting cancer MDR development are elaborated and analyzed in terms of aberrant aerobic glycolysis and its related enzymes, abnormal glycan structures and their associated enzymes, and glycoproteins. The reversal strategies including depletion of ATP, circumventing the original MDR pathway, activation by or inhibition of sugar-related enzymes, combination therapy with traditional cytotoxic agents, and direct modification on the sugar moiety, are ultimately proposed. It follows that abnormal saccharides have a significant effect on cancer MDR development, providing a new perspective for overcoming MDR and improving the outcome of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, E. 232, University Town, Waihuan Rd, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Production Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95, Shaoshan Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 41007, China
| | - Jiansheng Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483, Wushan Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510642, China
| | - Sisi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, E. 232, University Town, Waihuan Rd, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiliang Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, E. 232, University Town, Waihuan Rd, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bangxing Han
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Yahui Huang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483, Wushan Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510642, China.
| | - Wen Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Holstein E, Dittmann A, Kääriäinen A, Pesola V, Koivunen J, Pihlajaniemi T, Naba A, Izzi V. The Burden of Post-Translational Modification (PTM)-Disrupting Mutations in the Tumor Matrisome. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1081. [PMID: 33802493 PMCID: PMC7959462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the occurrence of mutations affecting post-translational modification (PTM) sites in matrisome genes across different tumor types, in light of their genomic and functional contexts and in comparison with the rest of the genome. METHODS This study spans 9075 tumor samples and 32 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer cohort and identifies 151,088 non-silent mutations in the coding regions of the matrisome, of which 1811 affecting known sites of hydroxylation, phosphorylation, N- and O-glycosylation, acetylation, ubiquitylation, sumoylation and methylation PTM. RESULTS PTM-disruptive mutations (PTMmut) in the matrisome are less frequent than in the rest of the genome, seem independent of cell-of-origin patterns but show dependence on the nature of the matrisome protein affected and the background PTM types it generally harbors. Also, matrisome PTMmut are often found among structural and functional protein regions and in proteins involved in homo- and heterotypic interactions, suggesting potential disruption of matrisome functions. CONCLUSIONS Though quantitatively minoritarian in the spectrum of matrisome mutations, PTMmut show distinctive features and damaging potential which might concur to deregulated structural, functional, and signaling networks in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Holstein
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Annalena Dittmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Anni Kääriäinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Vilma Pesola
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Jarkko Koivunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.H.); (A.D.); (A.K.); (V.P.); (J.K.); (T.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, 00130 Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Arnold K, Liao YE, Liu J. Potential Use of Anti-Inflammatory Synthetic Heparan Sulfate to Attenuate Liver Damage. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E503. [PMID: 33207634 PMCID: PMC7697061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate is a highly sulfated polysaccharide abundant on the surface of hepatocytes and surrounding extracellular matrix. Emerging evidence demonstrates that heparan sulfate plays an important role in neutralizing the activities of proinflammatory damage associate molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are released from hepatocytes under pathological conditions. Unlike proteins and nucleic acids, isolation of homogenous heparan sulfate polysaccharides from biological sources is not possible, adding difficulty to study the functional role of heparan sulfate. Recent advancement in the development of a chemoenzymatic approach allows production of a large number of structurally defined oligosaccharides. These oligosaccharides are used to probe the physiological functions of heparan sulfate in liver damage under different pathological conditions. The findings provide a potential new therapeutic agent to treat liver diseases that are associated with excessive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (K.A.); (Y.-E.L.)
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11
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Whitmore EK, Martin D, Guvench O. Constructing 3-Dimensional Atomic-Resolution Models of Nonsulfated Glycosaminoglycans with Arbitrary Lengths Using Conformations from Molecular Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207699. [PMID: 33080973 PMCID: PMC7589010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are the linear carbohydrate components of proteoglycans (PGs) and are key mediators in the bioactivity of PGs in animal tissue. GAGs are heterogeneous, conformationally complex, and polydisperse, containing up to 200 monosaccharide units. These complexities make studying GAG conformation a challenge for existing experimental and computational methods. We previously described an algorithm we developed that applies conformational parameters (i.e., all bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles) from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of nonsulfated chondroitin GAG 20-mers to construct 3-D atomic-resolution models of nonsulfated chondroitin GAGs of arbitrary length. In the current study, we applied our algorithm to other GAGs, including hyaluronan and nonsulfated forms of dermatan, keratan, and heparan and expanded our database of MD-generated GAG conformations. Here, we show that individual glycosidic linkages and monosaccharide rings in 10- and 20-mers of hyaluronan and nonsulfated dermatan, keratan, and heparan behave randomly and independently in MD simulation and, therefore, using a database of MD-generated 20-mer conformations, that our algorithm can construct conformational ensembles of 10- and 20-mers of various GAG types that accurately represent the backbone flexibility seen in MD simulations. Furthermore, our algorithm efficiently constructs conformational ensembles of GAG 200-mers that we would reasonably expect from MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. Whitmore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England School of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (D.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Devon Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England School of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (D.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Olgun Guvench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England School of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (D.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-207-221-4171
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12
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1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction on carbohydrate template: Stereoselective synthesis of glycospiroheterocycles. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Harten IA, Kaber G, Agarwal KJ, Kang I, Ibarrientos SR, Workman G, Chan CK, Nivison MP, Nagy N, Braun KR, Kinsella MG, Merrilees MJ, Wight TN. The synthesis and secretion of versican isoform V3 by mammalian cells: A role for N-linked glycosylation. Matrix Biol 2020; 89:27-42. [PMID: 32001344 PMCID: PMC7282976 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Versican is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan found in most soft tissues, which is encoded by the VCAN gene. At least four major isoforms (V0, V1, V2, and V3) are generated via alternative splicing. The isoforms of versican are expressed and accumulate in various tissues during development and disease, where they contribute to ECM structure, cell growth and migration, and immune regulation, among their many functions. While several studies have identified the mRNA transcript for the V3 isoform in a number of tissues, little is known about the synthesis, secretion, and targeting of the V3 protein. In this study, we used lentiviral generation of doxycycline-inducible rat V3 with a C-terminal tag in stable NIH 3T3 cell lines and demonstrated that V3 is processed through the classical secretory pathway. We further show that N-linked glycosylation is required for efficient secretion and solubility of the protein. By site-directed mutagenesis, we identified amino acids 57 and 330 as the active N-linked glycosylation sites on V3 when expressed in this cell type. Furthermore, exon deletion constructs of V3 revealed that exons 11-13, which code for portions of the carboxy region of the protein (G3 domain), are essential for V3 processing and secretion. Once secreted, the V3 protein associates with hyaluronan along the cell surface and within the surrounding ECM. These results establish critical parameters for the processing, solubility, and targeting of the V3 isoform by mammalian cells and establishes a role for V3 in the organization of hyaluronan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid A. Harten
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gernot Kaber
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kiran J. Agarwal
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Inkyung Kang
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Gail Workman
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina K. Chan
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary P. Nivison
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nadine Nagy
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathleen R. Braun
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Mervyn J. Merrilees
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thomas N. Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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14
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Whitmore EK, Vesenka G, Sihler H, Guvench O. Efficient Construction of Atomic-Resolution Models of Non-Sulfated Chondroitin Glycosaminoglycan Using Molecular Dynamics Data. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040537. [PMID: 32252422 PMCID: PMC7226628 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, structurally diverse, conformationally complex carbohydrate polymers that may contain up to 200 monosaccharides. These characteristics present a challenge for studying GAG conformational thermodynamics at atomic resolution using existing experimental methods. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can overcome this challenge but are only feasible for short GAG polymers. To address this problem, we developed an algorithm that applies all conformational parameters contributing to GAG backbone flexibility (i.e., bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles) from unbiased all-atom explicit-solvent MD simulations of short GAG polymers to rapidly construct models of GAGs of arbitrary length. The algorithm was used to generate non-sulfated chondroitin 10- and 20-mer ensembles which were compared to MD-generated ensembles for internal validation. End-to-end distance distributions in constructed and MD-generated ensembles have minimal differences, suggesting that our algorithm produces conformational ensembles that mimic the backbone flexibility seen in simulation. Non-sulfated chondroitin 100- and 200-mer ensembles were constructed within a day, demonstrating the efficiency of the algorithm and reduction in time and computational cost compared to simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. Whitmore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (G.V.); (H.S.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Gabriel Vesenka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (G.V.); (H.S.)
| | - Hanna Sihler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (G.V.); (H.S.)
| | - Olgun Guvench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (E.K.W.); (G.V.); (H.S.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-207-221-4171
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15
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Arnold K, Xu Y, Sparkenbaugh EM, Li M, Han X, Zhang X, Xia K, Piegore M, Zhang F, Zhang X, Henderson M, Pagadala V, Su G, Tan L, Park PW, Stravitz RT, Key NS, Linhardt RJ, Pawlinski R, Xu D, Liu J. Design of anti-inflammatory heparan sulfate to protect against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaav8075. [PMID: 32188725 PMCID: PMC7315409 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav8075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen/paracetamol (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States and Europe. The progression of the disease is attributed to sterile inflammation induced by the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the interaction with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). A specific, effective, and safe approach to neutralize the proinflammatory activity of HMGB1 is highly desirable. Here, we found that a heparan sulfate (HS) octadecasaccharide (18-mer-HP or hepatoprotective 18-mer) displays potent hepatoprotection by targeting the HMGB1/RAGE axis. Endogenous HS proteoglycan, syndecan-1, is shed in response to APAP overdose in mice and humans. Furthermore, purified syndecan-1, but not syndecan-1 core protein, binds to HMGB1, suggesting that HMGB1 binds to HS polysaccharide side chains of syndecan-1. Last, we compared the protection effect between 18-mer-HP and N-acetyl cysteine, which is the standard of care to treat APAP overdose. We demonstrated that 18-mer-HP administered 3 hours after a lethal dose of APAP is fully protective; however, the treatment of N-acetyl cysteine loses protection. Therefore, 18-mer-HP may offer a potential therapeutic advantage over N-acetyl cysteine for late-presenting patients. Synthetic HS provides a potential approach for the treatment of APAP-induced ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Arnold
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erica M Sparkenbaugh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 25799, USA
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Mark Piegore
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Mike Henderson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 25799, USA
| | | | - Guowei Su
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lisi Tan
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Pyong Woo Park
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard T Stravitz
- Hume-Lee Transplant Center of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Nigel S Key
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 25799, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Rafal Pawlinski
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 25799, USA
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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16
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Sharma S, Shekhar S, Sharma B, Jain P. Decoding glycans: deciphering the sugary secrets to be coherent on the implication. RSC Adv 2020; 10:34099-34113. [PMID: 35519023 PMCID: PMC9056758 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04471g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoteric techniques, skills, and methodological advances in glycobiology and glycochemistry have been instrumental in pertinent discoveries to pave way for a new era in biomedical sciences. Glycans are sugar-based polymers that coat cells and decorate majority of proteins, forming glycoproteins. They are also found deposited in extracellular spaces between cells, attached to soluble signaling molecules, and are key players in several biological processes including regulation of immune responses and cell–cell interactions. Laboratory manipulations of protein, DNA and other macromolecules celebrate the accelerated research in respective fields, but the same seems unlikely for the complex sugar polymers. The structural complex polymers are neither synthesized using a known template nor are dynamically stable with respect to a cell's metabolic rate. What is more, sugar isomers—structurally distinct molecules with the same chemical formula—can be employed to construct varied glycans, but are almost impossible to tell apart based on molecular weight alone. The apparent lack of a glycan alphabet further reflects on an enduring question: how little do we know about the sugars? Evidently, glycan-based therapeutic potentials and glycomimetics are propitious advances for the future that have not been well exploited, and with a few conspicuous anomalies. Here, we contour the most notable contributions to enhance our ability to utilize the complex glycans as therapeutics. Diagnostic strategies concerning recurrent diseases and headways to address the challenges are also discussed. A glycan toolbox for pathogenic and cancerous interventions. The review article sheds light on the sweet secrets of this complex structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Netaji Subhas University of Technology
- India
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Chemistry
- Netaji Subhas University of Technology
- India
| | - Bhasha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Netaji Subhas University of Technology
- India
| | - Purnima Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Netaji Subhas University of Technology
- India
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17
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Hu Y, Kumru OS, Xiong J, Antunez LR, Hickey J, Wang Y, Cavacini L, Klempner M, Joshi SB, Volkin DB. Preformulation Characterization and Stability Assessments of Secretory IgA Monoclonal Antibodies as Potential Candidates for Passive Immunization by Oral Administration. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:407-421. [PMID: 31369743 PMCID: PMC6941217 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrheal disease among children in developing countries, and there are no licensed vaccines to protect against ETEC. Passive immunization by oral delivery of ETEC-specific secretory IgAs (sIgAs) could potentially provide an alternative approach for protection in targeted populations. In this study, a series of physiochemical techniques and an in vitro gastric digestion model were used to characterize and compare key structural attributes and stability profiles of 3 anti-heat-labile enterotoxin mAbs (sIgA1, sIgA2, and IgG1 produced in CHO cells). The mAbs were evaluated in terms of primary structure, N-linked glycan profiles, size and aggregate content, relative apparent solubility, conformational stability, and in vitro antigen binding. Compared to IgG1 mAb, sIgA1 and sIgA2 mAbs showed increased sample heterogeneity, especially in terms of N-glycan composition and the presence of higher molecular weight species. The sIgA mAbs showed overall better physical stability and were more resistant to loss of antigen binding activity during incubation at low pH, 37°C with pepsin. These results are discussed in terms of future challenges to design stable, low-cost formulations of sIgA mAbs as an oral supplement for passive immunization to protect against enteric diseases in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Ozan S Kumru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Lorena R Antunez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - John Hickey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Yang Wang
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Lisa Cavacini
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Mark Klempner
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047.
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18
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Recent advances in glycosaminoglycan analysis by various mass spectrometry techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3731-3741. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Muhamad II, Zulkifli N, Selvakumaran SA, Lazim NAM. Bioactive Algal-Derived Polysaccharides: Multi-Functionalization, Therapeutic Potential and Biomedical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1147-1162. [PMID: 31258069 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190618152133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the utilization of polysaccharides showing biological activity for various novel applications owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and some specific therapeutic activities. Increasing studies have started in the past few years to develop algal polysaccharides-based biomaterials for various applications. METHODS Saccharide mapping or enzymatic profiling plays a role in quality control of polysaccharides. Whereby, in vitro and in vivo tests as well as toxicity level discriminating polysaccharides biological activities. Extraction and purification methods are performed in obtaining algal derived polysaccharides followed by chromatographic profiles of their active compounds, structural features, physicochemical properties, and reported biological activities. RESULTS Marine algae are capable of synthesizing Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and non-GAGs or GAG mimetics such as sulfated glycans. The cell walls of algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides, including alginate, carrageenan, ulvan and fucoidan. These biopolymers are widely used algal-derived polysaccharides for biological and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and availability. They constitute biochemical compounds that have multi-functionalization, therapeutic potential and immunomodulatory abilities, making them promising bioactive products and biomaterials with a wide range of biomedical applications. CONCLUSION Algal-derived polysaccharides with clearly elucidated compositions/structures, identified cellular activities, as well as desirable physical properties have shown the potential that may create new opportunities. They could be maximally exploited to serve as therapeutic tools such as immunoregulatory agents or drug delivery vehicles. Hence, novel strategies could be applied to tailor multi-functionalization of the polysaccharides from algal species with vast biomedical application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Idayu Muhamad
- School of Chemical and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nabilah Zulkifli
- School of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Suguna A/P Selvakumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Manipal University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asmak Md Lazim
- School of Chemical and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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20
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Peng W, Zhao J, Dong X, Banazadeh A, Huang Y, Hussien A, Mechref Y. Clinical application of quantitative glycomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:1007-1031. [PMID: 30380947 PMCID: PMC6647030 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1543594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant glycosylation has been associated with many diseases. Decades of research activities have reported many reliable glycan biomarkers of different diseases which enable effective disease diagnostics and prognostics. However, none of the glycan markers have been approved for clinical diagnosis. Thus, a review of these studies is needed to guide the successful clinical translation. Area covered: In this review, we describe and discuss advances in analytical methods enabling clinical glycan biomarker discovery, focusing only on studies of released glycans. This review also summarizes the different glycobiomarkers identified for cancers, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, hepatitis B and C, and other diseases. Expert commentary: Along with the development of techniques in quantitative glycomics, more glycans or glycan patterns have been reported as better potential biomarkers of different diseases and proved to have greater diagnostic/diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than existing markers. However, to successfully apply glycan markers in clinical diagnosis, more studies and verifications on large biological cohorts need to be performed. In addition, faster and more efficient glycomic strategies need to be developed to shorten the turnaround time. Thus, glycan biomarkers have an immense chance to be used in clinical prognosis and diagnosis of many diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Peng
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Jingfu Zhao
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Xue Dong
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Alireza Banazadeh
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Yifan Huang
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
| | - Ahmed Hussien
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA.,b Department of Biotechnology , Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria , Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Yehia Mechref
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA
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21
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Zhu Y, Yan M, Lasanajak Y, Smith DF, Song X. Large scale preparation of high mannose and paucimannose N-glycans from soybean proteins by oxidative release of natural glycans (ORNG). Carbohydr Res 2018; 464:19-27. [PMID: 29803109 PMCID: PMC6309449 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the important advances in chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycans, access to large quantities of complex natural glycans remains a major impediment to progress in Glycoscience. Here we report a large-scale preparation of N-glycans from a kilogram of commercial soy proteins using oxidative release of natural glycans (ORNG). The high mannose and paucimannose N-glycans were labeled with a fluorescent tag and purified by size exclusion and multidimensional preparative HPLC. Side products are identified and potential mechanisms for the oxidative release of natural N-glycans from glycoproteins are proposed. This study demonstrates the potential for using the ORNG approach as a complementary route to synthetic approaches for the preparation of multi-milligram quantities of biomedically relevant complex glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Maomao Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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22
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Sathiyajith C, Shaikh RR, Han Q, Zhang Y, Meguellati K, Yang YW. Biological and related applications of pillar[n]arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:677-696. [PMID: 27942626 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08967d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pillar[n]arenes are a new class of synthetic supramolecular macrocycles streamlined by their particular pillar-shaped architecture which consists of an electron-rich cavity and two fine-tuneable rims. The ease and diversity of the functionalization of the two rims open possibilities for the design of new architectures, topological isomers, and scaffolds. Significantly, this emerging class of macrocyclic receptors offers a unique platform for biological purposes. This review article covers the most recent contributions from the pillar[n]arene field in terms of artificial membrane transport systems, controlled drug delivery systems, biomedical imaging, biosensors, cell adhesion, fluorescent sensing, and pesticide detection based on host-guest interactions. The review also uniquely describes the properties of sub-units that make pillar[n]arenes suitable for biological applications and it provides a detailed outline for the design of new innovative pillar-like structures with specific properties to open up a new avenue for pillar[n]arene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- CuhaWijay Sathiyajith
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Rafik Rajjak Shaikh
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Han
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Kamel Meguellati
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
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23
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Mantovani V, Galeotti F, Maccari F, Volpi N. Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis separation of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:179-189. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Mantovani
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Fabio Galeotti
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Francesca Maccari
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Nicola Volpi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
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Informatics for Nutritional Genetics and Genomics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1005:143-166. [PMID: 28916932 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5717-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While traditional nutrition science is focusing on nourishing population, modern nutrition is aiming at benefiting individual people. The goal of modern nutritional research is to promote health, prevent diseases, and improve performance. With the development of modern technologies like bioinformatics, metabolomics, and molecular genetics, this goal is becoming more attainable. In this chapter, we will discuss the new concepts and technologies especially in informatics and molecular genetics and genomics, and how they have been implemented to change the nutrition science and lead to the emergence of new branches like nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics, and nutritional metabolomics.
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Le C, Stuckey DC. Influence of Feed Composition on the Monomeric Structure of Free Bacterial Extracellular Polysaccharides in Anaerobic Digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:7009-7017. [PMID: 28564536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Six 5.0-L fill-and-draw batch reactors were used with different feed compositions containing a range of carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, fructose) and nitrogen sources (urea, NH4Cl) at various concentrations to investigate free extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production during anaerobic digestion (AD). This work analyzed not only their monosaccharide components, but also their specific linkage patterns and the change associated with different chemical nature in carbon substrates or nitrogen sources; all of these parameters can have profound biological consequences, and were correlated to macronutrients present in the feed. It is believed that feed composition is a major factor which determines the physicochemical characteristics of the free EPS. Our findings also suggest that the differences associated with the digestion of various carbon substrates and/or nitrogen sources could alter monomeric saccharide composition and concentrations of the free EPS. Such insights demonstrate that previous studies on feed C/N ratios tended to overestimate EPS production, while variations in the chemical nature of the nitrogen source were overlooked. Our results also link the physiochemical properties of free EPS with underlying biofouling mechanisms, and demonstrate that membrane fouling is to some extent dependent upon the prevailing nutritional environment and feed composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Le
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University , 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Division of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - David C Stuckey
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University , 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Identification of the Consistently Altered Metabolic Targets in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 4:303-323.e1. [PMID: 28840186 PMCID: PMC5560912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer cells rely on metabolic alterations to enhance proliferation and survival. Metabolic gene alterations that repeatedly occur in liver cancer are largely unknown. We aimed to identify metabolic genes that are consistently deregulated, and are of potential clinical significance in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We studied the expression of 2,761 metabolic genes in 8 microarray datasets comprising 521 human HCC tissues. Genes exclusively up-regulated or down-regulated in 6 or more datasets were defined as consistently deregulated. The consistent genes that correlated with tumor progression markers (ECM2 and MMP9) (Pearson correlation P < .05) were used for Kaplan-Meier overall survival analysis in a patient cohort. We further compared proteomic expression of metabolic genes in 19 tumors vs adjacent normal liver tissues. RESULTS We identified 634 consistent metabolic genes, ∼60% of which are not yet described in HCC. The down-regulated genes (n = 350) are mostly involved in physiologic hepatocyte metabolic functions (eg, xenobiotic, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism). In contrast, among consistently up-regulated metabolic genes (n = 284) are those involved in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, nucleotide biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, proton transport, membrane lipid, and glycan metabolism. Several metabolic genes (n = 434) correlated with progression markers, and of these, 201 predicted overall survival outcome in the patient cohort analyzed. Over 90% of the metabolic targets significantly altered at the protein level were similarly up- or down-regulated as in genomic profile. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first exposition of the consistently altered metabolic genes in HCC and show that these genes are potentially relevant targets for onward studies in preclinical and clinical contexts.
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Key Words
- EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- FA, fatty acid
- HCC
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- Liver Cancer
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NB, nucleotide biosynthesis
- OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation
- PPP, pentose phosphate pathway
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- Tumor Metabolism
- XM, xenobiotics metabolism
- logFC, log of fold change
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Chaffey PK, Guan X, Wang LX, Tan Z. Introduction: General Aspects of the Chemical Biology of Glycoproteins. CHEMICAL BIOLOGY OF GLYCOPROTEINS 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782623823-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This chapter is meant to serve as an introduction to the remainder of the book by providing general background on the chemical biology of glycoproteins as well as a brief review of the chapters that follow. The purpose here is to introduce some basic concepts common to many forms of glycosylation for those readers who may be unfamiliar with the field. We begin with a discussion of the strategies and methods used to study protein glycosylation. During the overview, an effort is made to highlight a few relevant aspects of chemical glycobiology, including glycoprotein biosynthesis and a brief description of the synthesis and function of glycoproteins. Finally, we have a summary of the contributions from chemical biology over the years. It is our hope that, after reading this introductory chapter, the reader will have a broad view of the chemical glycobiology field as it currently stands and a deeper appreciation for some of the unique ideas that chemical biology brings to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick K. Chaffey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder CO 80303 USA
| | - Xiaoyang Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder CO 80303 USA
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Zhongping Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder CO 80303 USA
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Liu Q, Duan B, Xu X, Zhang L. Progress in rigid polysaccharide-based nanocomposites with therapeutic functions. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5690-5713. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01065f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites engineered by incorporating versatile nanoparticles into different bioactive β-glucan matrices display effective therapeutic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingye Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
| | - Bingchao Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
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Kailemia MJ, Park D, Lebrilla CB. Glycans and glycoproteins as specific biomarkers for cancer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:395-410. [PMID: 27590322 PMCID: PMC5203967 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation and other post-translational modifications are involved in potentially all aspects of human growth and development. Defective glycosylation has adverse effects on human physiological conditions and accompanies many chronic and infectious diseases. Altered glycosylation can occur at the onset and/or during tumor progression. Identifying these changes at early disease stages may aid in making decisions regarding treatments, as early intervention can greatly enhance survival. This review highlights some of the efforts being made to identify N- and O-glycosylation profile shifts in cancer using mass spectrometry. The analysis of single or panels of potential glycoprotein cancer markers are covered. Other emerging technologies such as global glycan release and site-specific glycosylation analysis and quantitation are also discussed. Graphical Abstract Steps involved in the biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchena J Kailemia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dayoung Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Zaporozhets T, Besednova N. Prospects for the therapeutic application of sulfated polysaccharides of brown algae in diseases of the cardiovascular system: review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3126-3135. [PMID: 27252012 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1185444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fucoidans are water-soluble, highly sulfated, branched homo- and hetero-polysaccharides derived from the fibrillar cell walls and intercellular spaces of brown seaweeds of the class Phaeophyceae. Fucoidans possess mimetic properties of the natural ligands of protein receptors and regulate functions of biological systems via key signaling molecules. OBJECTIVES The aim of this review was to collect and combine all available scientific literature about the potential use of the fucoidans for diseases of cardiovascular system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The review has been compiled using references from major databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Springer and Google Scholar (up to September 2015). After obtaining all reports from database (a total number is about 580), the papers were carefully analyzed in order to find data related to the topic of this review (129 references). RESULTS An exhaustive survey of literature revealed that fucoidans possess a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-coagulant, hypolipidemic, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-adhesive and anti-hypertensive properties. Numerous investigations of fucoidans in diseases of the cardiovascular system mainly focus on pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects. Fucoidans also possess pro-angiogenic and pro-vasculogenic properties. CONCLUSION A great number of investigations in the past years have demonstrated that fucoidans has great potential for in-depth investigation of their effects on cardiovascular system. Through this review, the authors hope to attract the attention of researchers to use fucoidan as mimetic of natural ligand receptor protein with the view of developing new formulations with an improved therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Zaporozhets
- a Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology , Vladivostok , Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Besednova
- a Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology , Vladivostok , Russian Federation
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Abstract
The vasculature is essential for proper organ function. Many pathologies are directly and indirectly related to vascular dysfunction, which causes significant morbidity and mortality. A common pathophysiological feature of diseased vessels is extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. Analysing the protein composition of the ECM by conventional antibody-based techniques is challenging; alternative splicing or post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, can mask epitopes required for antibody recognition. By contrast, proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry enables the study of proteins without the constraints of antibodies. Recent advances in proteomic techniques make it feasible to characterize the composition of the vascular ECM and its remodelling in disease. These developments may lead to the discovery of novel prognostic and diagnostic markers. Thus, proteomics holds potential for identifying ECM signatures to monitor vascular disease processes. Furthermore, a better understanding of the ECM remodelling processes in the vasculature might make ECM-associated proteins more attractive targets for drug discovery efforts. In this review, we will summarize the role of the ECM in the vasculature. Then, we will describe the challenges associated with studying the intricate network of ECM proteins and the current proteomic strategies to analyse the vascular ECM in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lynch
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - M Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
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Chen J, Son HN, Hill JJ, Srinivasan S, Su FY, Stayton PS, Convertine AJ, Ratner DM. Nanostructured glycopolymer augmented liposomes to elucidate carbohydrate-mediated targeting. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:2031-2041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Enhancing glycan isomer separations with metal ions and positive and negative polarity ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry analyses. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:467-476. [PMID: 27604268 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glycomics has become an increasingly important field of research since glycans play critical roles in biology processes ranging from molecular recognition and signaling to cellular communication. Glycans often conjugate with other biomolecules, such as proteins and lipids, and alter their properties and functions, so glycan characterization is essential for understanding the effects they have on cellular systems. However, the analysis of glycans is extremely difficult due to their complexity and structural diversity (i.e., the number and identity of monomer units, and configuration of their glycosidic linkages and connectivities). In this work, we coupled ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) to characterize glycan standards and biologically important isomers of synthetic αGal-containing O-glycans including glycotopes of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease. IMS-MS results showed significant differences for the glycan structural isomers when analyzed in positive and negative polarity and complexed with different metal cations. These results suggest that specific metal ions or ion polarities could be used to target and baseline separate glycan isomers of interest with IMS-MS. Graphical abstract Glycan isomers, such as fructose and glucose, show distinct separations in positive and negative ion mode.
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Loor JJ, Vailati-Riboni M, McCann JC, Zhou Z, Bionaz M. TRIENNIAL LACTATION SYMPOSIUM: Nutrigenomics in livestock: Systems biology meets nutrition. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:5554-74. [PMID: 26641165 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of high-throughput technologies to study an animal's genome, proteome, and metabolome (i.e., "omics" tools) constituted a setback to the use of reductionism in livestock research. More recent development of "next-generation sequencing" tools was instrumental in allowing in-depth studies of the microbiome in the rumen and other sections of the gastrointestinal tract. Omics, along with bioinformatics, constitutes the foundation of modern systems biology, a field of study widely used in model organisms (e.g., rodents, yeast, humans) to enhance understanding of the complex biological interactions occurring within cells and tissues at the gene, protein, and metabolite level. Application of systems biology concepts is ideal for the study of interactions between nutrition and physiological state with tissue and cell metabolism and function during key life stages of livestock species, including the transition from pregnancy to lactation, in utero development, or postnatal growth. Modern bioinformatic tools capable of discerning functional outcomes and biologically meaningful networks complement the ever-increasing ability to generate large molecular, microbial, and metabolite data sets. Simultaneous visualization of the complex intertissue adaptations to physiological state and nutrition can now be discerned. Studies to understand the linkages between the microbiome and the absorptive epithelium using the integrative approach are emerging. We present examples of new knowledge generated through the application of functional analyses of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data sets encompassing nutritional management of dairy cows, pigs, and poultry. Published work to date underscores that the integrative approach across and within tissues may prove useful for fine-tuning nutritional management of livestock. An important goal during this process is to uncover key molecular players involved in the organismal adaptations to nutrition.
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Akinkuolie AO, Glynn RJ, Padmanabhan L, Ridker PM, Mora S. Circulating N-Linked Glycoprotein Side-Chain Biomarker, Rosuvastatin Therapy, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease: An Analysis From the JUPITER Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003822. [PMID: 27413042 PMCID: PMC5015410 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GlycA, a novel protein glycan biomarker of N-acetyl side chains of acute-phase proteins, was recently associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in healthy women. Whether GlycA predicts CVD events in the setting of statin therapy in men and women without CVD but with evidence of chronic inflammation is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In the Justfication for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) trial (NCT00239681), participants with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <130 mg/dL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) ≥2 mg/L were randomized to rosuvastatin 20 mg/day or placebo. GlycA was quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 12 527 before randomization and 10 039 participants at 1 year. A total of 310 first primary CVD events occurred during maximum follow-up of 5.0 years (median, 1.9). GlycA changed minimally after 1 year on study treatment: 6.8% and 4.7% decrease in the rosuvastatin and placebo groups, respectively. Overall, baseline GlycA levels were associated with increased risk of CVD: multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per SD increment, 1.20 (95% CI, 1.08-1.34; P=0.0006). After additionally adjusting for hsCRP, this was slightly attenuated (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04-1.35; P=0.01). On-treatment GlycA levels were also associated with CVD; corresponding multivariable-adjusted HRs per SD before and after additionally adjusting for hsCRP: 1.27 (95% CI, 1.13-1.42; P<0.0001) and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.07-1.44; P=0.004), respectively. Tests for heterogeneity by treatment arm were not significant (P for interaction, >0.20). CONCLUSION In the JUPITER trial, increased levels of GlycA were associated with an increased risk of CVD events independent of traditional risk factors and hsCRP. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00239681.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akintunde O Akinkuolie
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robert J Glynn
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Latha Padmanabhan
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Samia Mora
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Abou-Abbass H, Abou-El-Hassan H, Bahmad H, Zibara K, Zebian A, Youssef R, Ismail J, Zhu R, Zhou S, Dong X, Nasser M, Bahmad M, Darwish H, Mechref Y, Kobeissy F. Glycosylation and other PTMs alterations in neurodegenerative diseases: Current status and future role in neurotrauma. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1549-61. [PMID: 26957254 PMCID: PMC4962686 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) present a chief public health threat affecting nations worldwide. As numbers of patients afflicted by TBI are expected to rise, the necessity to increase our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism(s) as a result of TBI mounts. TBI is known to augment the risk of developing a number of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Hence, it is rational to assume that a common mechanistic ground links the pathophysiology of NDs to that of TBIs. Through this review, we aim to identify the protein-protein interactions, differential proteins expression, and PTMs, mainly glycosylation, that are involved in the pathogenesis of both ND and TBI. OVID and PubMed have been rigorously searched to identify studies that utilized advanced proteomic platforms (MS based) and systems biology tools to unfold the mechanism(s) behind ND in an attempt to unveil the mysterious biological processes that occur postinjury. Various PTMs have been found to be common between TBI and AD, whereas no similarities have been found between TBI and PD. Phosphorylated tau protein, glycosylated amyloid precursor protein, and many other modifications appear to be common in both TBI and AD. PTMs, differential protein profiles, and altered biological pathways appear to have critical roles in ND processes by interfering with their pathological condition in a manner similar to TBI. Advancement in glycoproteomic studies pertaining to ND and TBI is urgently needed in order to develop better diagnostic tools, therapies, and more favorable prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Abou-Abbass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Hisham Bahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kazem Zibara
- ER045 - Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abir Zebian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rabab Youssef
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joy Ismail
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shiyue Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mayse Nasser
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Bahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Darwish
- Faculty of Medicine-School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Al-Hilal TA, Chung SW, Choi JU, Alam F, Park J, Kim SW, Kim SY, Ahsan F, Kim IS, Byun Y. Targeting prion-like protein doppel selectively suppresses tumor angiogenesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1251-66. [PMID: 26950422 DOI: 10.1172/jci83427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled and site-specific regulation of growth factor signaling remains a major challenge for current antiangiogenic therapies, as these antiangiogenic agents target normal vasculature as well tumor vasculature. In this article, we identified the prion-like protein doppel as a potential therapeutic target for tumor angiogenesis. We investigated the interactions between doppel and VEGFR2 and evaluated whether blocking the doppel/VEGFR2 axis suppresses the process of angiogenesis. We discovered that tumor endothelial cells (TECs), but not normal ECs, express doppel; tumors from patients and mouse xenografts expressed doppel in their vasculatures. Induced doppel overexpression in ECs enhanced vascularization, whereas doppel constitutively colocalized and complexed with VEGFR2 in TECs. Doppel inhibition depleted VEGFR2 from the cell membrane, subsequently inducing the internalization and degradation of VEGFR2 and thereby attenuating VEGFR2 signaling. We also synthesized an orally active glycosaminoglycan (LHbisD4) that specifically binds with doppel. We determined that LHbisD4 concentrates over the tumor site and that genetic loss of doppel in TECs decreases LHbisD4 binding and targeting both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LHbisD4 eliminated VEGFR2 from the cell membrane, prevented VEGF binding in TECs, and suppressed tumor growth. Together, our results demonstrate that blocking doppel can control VEGF signaling in TECs and selectively inhibit tumor angiogenesis.
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Spahn PN, Hansen AH, Hansen HG, Arnsdorf J, Kildegaard HF, Lewis NE. A Markov chain model for N-linked protein glycosylation--towards a low-parameter tool for model-driven glycoengineering. Metab Eng 2016; 33:52-66. [PMID: 26537759 PMCID: PMC5031499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a critical quality attribute of most recombinant biotherapeutics. Consequently, drug development requires careful control of glycoforms to meet bioactivity and biosafety requirements. However, glycoengineering can be extraordinarily difficult given the complex reaction networks underlying glycosylation and the vast number of different glycans that can be synthesized in a host cell. Computational modeling offers an intriguing option to rationally guide glycoengineering, but the high parametric demands of current modeling approaches pose challenges to their application. Here we present a novel low-parameter approach to describe glycosylation using flux-balance and Markov chain modeling. The model recapitulates the biological complexity of glycosylation, but does not require user-provided kinetic information. We use this method to predict and experimentally validate glycoprofiles on EPO, IgG as well as the endogenous secretome following glycosyltransferase knock-out in different Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. Our approach offers a flexible and user-friendly platform that can serve as a basis for powerful computational engineering efforts in mammalian cell factories for biopharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp N Spahn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Anders H Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Henning G Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Johnny Arnsdorf
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Helene F Kildegaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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39
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Cellular O-Glycome Reporter/Amplification to explore O-glycans of living cells. Nat Methods 2015; 13:81-6. [PMID: 26619014 PMCID: PMC4697867 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein O-glycosylation plays key roles in many biological processes, but the repertoire of O-glycans synthesized by cells is difficult to determine. Here we describe a new approach termed Cellular O-Glycome Reporter/Amplification (CORA), a sensitive method to amplify and profile mucin-type O-glycans synthesized by living cells. Cells incubated with peracetylated benzyl-α-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc-α-Benzyl) convert it to a large variety of modified O-glycan derivatives that are secreted from cells, allowing easy purification for analysis by HPLC and mass spectrometry (MS). CORA results in ~100–1000-fold increase in sensitivity over conventional O-glycan analyses and identifies a more complex repertoire of O-glycans in more than a dozen cell types from Homo sapiens and Mus musculus. Furthermore, CORA coupled with computational modeling allows predictions on the diversity of the human O-glycome and offers new opportunities to identify novel glycan biomarkers for human diseases.
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40
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Baik JY, Dahodwala H, Oduah E, Talman L, Gemmill TR, Gasimli L, Datta P, Yang B, Li G, Zhang F, Li L, Linhardt RJ, Campbell AM, Gorfien SF, Sharfstein ST. Optimization of bioprocess conditions improves production of a CHO cell-derived, bioengineered heparin. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1067-81. [PMID: 26037948 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heparin is the most widely used anticoagulant drug in the world today. Heparin is currently produced from animal tissues, primarily porcine intestines. A recent contamination crisis motivated development of a non-animal-derived source of this critical drug. We hypothesized that Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells could be metabolically engineered to produce a bioengineered heparin, equivalent to current pharmaceutical heparin. We previously engineered CHO-S cells to overexpress two exogenous enzymes from the heparin/heparan sulfate biosynthetic pathway, increasing the anticoagulant activity ∼100-fold and the heparin/heparan sulfate yield ∼10-fold. Here, we explored the effects of bioprocess parameters on the yield and anticoagulant activity of the bioengineered GAGs. Fed-batch shaker-flask studies using a proprietary, chemically-defined feed, resulted in ∼two-fold increase in integrated viable cell density and a 70% increase in specific productivity, resulting in nearly three-fold increase in product titer. Transferring the process to a stirred-tank bioreactor increased the productivity further, yielding a final product concentration of ∼90 μg/mL. Unfortunately, the product composition still differs from pharmaceutical heparin, suggesting that additional metabolic engineering will be required. However, these studies clearly demonstrate bioprocess optimization, in parallel with metabolic engineering refinements, will play a substantial role in developing a bioengineered heparin to replace the current animal-derived drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youn Baik
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hussain Dahodwala
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eziafa Oduah
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Lee Talman
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Trent R Gemmill
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA.,Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Leyla Gasimli
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Payel Datta
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Guoyun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Susan T Sharfstein
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA.
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41
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Fernández-Tejada A, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J. Glycans in Medicinal Chemistry: An Underexploited Resource. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1291-5. [PMID: 25974358 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The biological relevance of glycans as mediators of key physiological processes, including disease-related mechanisms, makes them attractive targets for a wide range of medical applications. Despite their important biological roles, especially as molecular recognition elements, carbohydrates have not been fully exploited as therapeutics mainly due to the scarcity of structure-activity correlations and their non-drug-like properties. A more detailed understanding of the complex carbohydrate structures and their associated functions should contribute to the development of new glycan-based pharmaceuticals. Recent significant progress in oligosaccharide synthesis and chemical glycobiology has renewed the interest of the medicinal chemistry community in carbohydrates. This promises to increase our possibilities to harness them in drug discovery efforts for the development of new and more effective, synthetic glycan-based therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain).
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE: Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain). .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María López de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao (Spain).
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42
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Zulueta MML, Janreddy D, Hung SC. One-Pot Methods for the Protection and Assembly of Sugars. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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43
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Glavey SV, Huynh D, Reagan MR, Manier S, Moschetta M, Kawano Y, Roccaro AM, Ghobrial IM, Joshi L, O'Dwyer ME. The cancer glycome: carbohydrates as mediators of metastasis. Blood Rev 2015; 29:269-79. [PMID: 25636501 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a frequent post-translational modification which results in the addition of carbohydrate determinants, "glycans", to cell surface proteins and lipids. These glycan structures form the "glycome" and play an integral role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through modulation of adhesion and cell trafficking. Glycosylation is increasingly recognized as a modulator of the malignant phenotype of cancer cells, where the interaction between cells and the tumor micro-environment is altered to facilitate processes such as drug resistance and metastasis. Changes in glycosylation of cell surface adhesion molecules such as selectin ligands, integrins and mucins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several solid and hematological malignancies, often with prognostic implications. In this review we focus on the functional significance of alterations in cancer cell glycosylation, in terms of cell adhesion, trafficking and the metastatic cascade and provide insights into the prognostic and therapeutic implications of recent findings in this fast-evolving niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan V Glavey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Glycoscience Research Group, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Daisy Huynh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Salomon Manier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michele Moschetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yawara Kawano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Glycoscience Research Group, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Michael E O'Dwyer
- Glycoscience Research Group, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Department of Hematology National University of Ireland, Galway and Galway University Hospital, Ireland.
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44
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Hajmohammadi M, Siadat SD, Ghorbani M, Shafiee Ardestani M, Teimourian S, Asgari V, Ahangari Cohan R, Hajmohammadi M, Hajmohammadi A, Behzadi R, Rajab Nezhad S, Namvar Asl N. Synthesis and characterization of a novel chemically designed (Globo)3-DTPA-KLH antigen. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:217-39. [PMID: 25565775 PMCID: PMC4278734 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s72530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many experiments have been conducted for the production and evaluation of anticancer glycoconjugated vaccines in developed countries and many achievements have been accomplished with Globo H derivatives. In the current experiment, a new chemically designed triplicate version of (Globo H)3–diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)–KLH antigen was synthesized and characterized. Immunization with (Globo H)3-DTPA-KLH, a hexasaccharide that is a member of a family of antigenic carbohydrates that are highly expressed in various types of cancers conjugated with DTPA and KLH protein, induced a high level of antibody titer along with an elevated level of IL-4 in mice. Treatment of tumors with the collected sera from immunized mice decreased the tumor size in nude mice as well. None of the immunized mice illustrated any sign of tumor growth after injection of MCF-7 cells compared to the control animals. These findings, based on the newly presented structure of the Globo H antigen, lend exciting and promising evidence for clinical advancement in the development of a therapeutic vaccine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hajmohammadi
- Department of Research and Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Ghorbani
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Virology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Teimourian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Asgari
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Hajmohammadi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Hajmohammadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ramezan Behzadi
- Laboratory Animal Management of North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Rajab Nezhad
- Department of Research and Development, Alhavi Pharmaceutical, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Toukach PV, Egorova KS. Bacterial, plant, and fungal carbohydrate structure databases: daily usage. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1273:55-85. [PMID: 25753703 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2343-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural carbohydrates play important roles in living systems and therefore are used as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The main goal of glycomics is systematization of carbohydrates and elucidation of their role in human health and disease. The amount of information on natural carbohydrates accumulates rapidly, but scientists still lack databases and computer-assisted tools needed for orientation in the glycomic information space. Therefore, freely available, regularly updated, and cross-linked databases are demanded. Bacterial Carbohydrate Structure Database (Bacterial CSDB) was developed for provision of structural, bibliographic, taxonomic, NMR spectroscopic, and other related information on bacterial and archaeal carbohydrate structures. Its main features are (1) coverage above 90%, (2) high data consistence (above 90% of error-free records), and (3) presence of manually verified bibliographic, NMR spectroscopic, and taxonomic annotations. Recently, CSDB has been expanded to cover carbohydrates of plant and fungal origin. The achievement of full coverage in the plant and fungal domains is expected in the future. CSDB is freely available on the Internet as a web service at http://csdb.glycoscience.ru. This chapter aims at showing how to use CSDB in your daily scientific practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip V Toukach
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
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46
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Roy N, Bruchmann B, Lehn JM. DYNAMERS: dynamic polymers as self-healing materials. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3786-807. [PMID: 25940832 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00194c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An overview of recent advances made in the field of constitutional dynamic materials, in particular dynamic polymers, dynamers, displaying self-healing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Roy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire
- ISIS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - Bernd Bruchmann
- BASF SE
- Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS)
- Ludwigshafen
- Germany
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire
- ISIS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
- France
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47
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Cecioni S, Imberty A, Vidal S. Glycomimetics versus Multivalent Glycoconjugates for the Design of High Affinity Lectin Ligands. Chem Rev 2014; 115:525-61. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500303t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Cecioni
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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48
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Abstract
Background Glycosylated proteins partake in multiple cellular processes including inflammation. We hypothesized that GlycA, a novel biomarker of protein glycan N‐acetyl groups, is related to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and we compared it with high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP). Methods and Results In 27 491 initially healthy women, baseline GlycA was quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and hsCRP by an immunoturbidimetric assay. During median follow‐up of 17.2 years, 1648 incident CVD events occurred (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, coronary revascularization, and CVD death). GlycA and hsCRP were moderately correlated (Spearman r=0.61, P<0.0001). In Cox regression models that included age, ethnicity, smoking, blood pressure, medications, menopausal status, body mass index, and diabetes, hazard ratios for CVD across quartiles 1 to 4 of GlycA were 1.00, 1.10 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.30), 1.34 (95% CI, 1.13 to 1.58), and 1.64 (95% CI, 1.39 to 1.93), similar to hsCRP, for which hazard ratios were 1.00, 1.18 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.41), 1.35 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.61), and 1.75 (95% CI, 1.47 to 2.09) (both Ptrend<0.0001). Associations were attenuated after additionally adjusting for lipids: the hazard ratio of quartile 4 versus 1 for GlycA was 1.23 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.46; Ptrend=0.002) and for hsCRP was 1.44 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.72; Ptrend<0.0001). Further adjustment for the other biomarker resulted in a hazard ratio of quartile 4 versus 1 for GlycA of 1.03 (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.24; Ptrend=0.41) and for hsCRP of 1.29 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.56; Ptrend=0.001). Conclusions In this prospective study of initially healthy women, baseline GlycA was associated with incident CVD, consistent with a possible role for protein glycans in inflammation and CVD. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http//clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier NCT00000479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akintunde O Akinkuolie
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.O.A., J.E.B., P.R., S.M.)
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.O.A., J.E.B., P.R., S.M.)
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.O.A., J.E.B., P.R., S.M.) Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.R., S.M.)
| | - Samia Mora
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.O.A., J.E.B., P.R., S.M.) Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.R., S.M.)
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49
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Lee MJ, Na K, Jeong SK, Lim JS, Kim SA, Lee MJ, Song SY, Kim H, Hancock WS, Paik YK. Identification of human complement factor B as a novel biomarker candidate for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4878-88. [PMID: 25057901 DOI: 10.1021/pr5002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 has been known as a PC biomarker, it is not commonly used for general screening because of its low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new biomarker for PC diagnosis in the earlier stage of cancer. To search for a novel serologic PC biomarker, we carried out an integrated proteomic analysis for a total of 185 pooled or individual plasma from healthy donors and patients with five disease groups including chronic pancreatitis (CP), PC, and other cancers (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and gastric cancer) and identified complement factor b (CFB) as a candidate serologic biomarker for PC diagnosis. Immunoblot analysis of CFB revealed more than two times higher expression in plasma samples from PC patients compared with plasma from individuals without PC. Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry analysis confirmed both molecular identity and higher expression of CFB in PC samples. CFB showed distinctly higher specificity than CA 19-9 for PC against other types of digestive cancers and in discriminating PC patients from non-PC patients (p < 0.0001). In receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, CFB showed an area under curve of 0.958 (95% CI: 0.956 to 0.959) compared with 0.833 (95% CI: 0.829 to 0.837) for CA 19-9. Furthermore, the Y-index of CFB was much higher than that of CA 19-9 (71.0 vs 50.4), suggesting that CFB outperforms CA 19-9 in discriminating PC from CP and other gastrointestinal cancers. This was further supported by immunoprecipitation and qRT-PCR assays showing higher expression of CFB in PC cell lines than in normal cell lines. A combination of CFB and CA 19-9 showed markedly improved sensitivity (90.1 vs 73.1%) over that of CFB alone in the diagnosis of PC against non-PC, with similar specificity (97.2 vs 97.9%). Thus, our results identify CFB as a novel serologic PC biomarker candidate and warrant further investigation into a large-scale validation and its role in molecular mechanism of pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Lee
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center and ‡Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science and Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Sudaemoon-ku, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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50
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Rienks M, Papageorgiou AP, Frangogiannis NG, Heymans S. Myocardial extracellular matrix: an ever-changing and diverse entity. Circ Res 2014; 114:872-88. [PMID: 24577967 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex architectural network consisting of structural and nonstructural proteins, creating strength and plasticity. The nonstructural compartment of the ECM houses a variety of proteins, which are vital for ECM plasticity, and can be divided into 3 major groups: glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans. The common denominator for these groups is glycosylation, which refers to the decoration of proteins or lipids with sugars. This review will discuss the fundamental role of the matrix in cardiac development, homeostasis, and remodeling, from a glycobiology point of view. Glycoproteins (eg, thrombospondins, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, tenascins), proteoglycans (eg, versican, syndecans, biglycan), and glycosaminoglycans (eg, hyaluronan, heparan sulfate) are upregulated on cardiac injury and regulate key processes in the remodeling myocardium such as inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. Albeit some parallels can be made regarding the processes these proteins are involved in, their specific functions are extremely diverse. In fact, under varying conditions, individual proteins can even have opposing functions, making spatiotemporal contribution of these proteins in the rearrangement of multifaceted ECM very hard to grasp. Alterations of protein characteristics by the addition of sugars may explain the immense, yet tightly regulated, variability of the remodeling cardiac matrix. Understanding the role of glycosylation in altering the ultimate function of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans in the myocardium may lead to the development of new biochemical structures or compounds with great therapeutic potential for patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Rienks
- From Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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