1
|
Stein RA, Riber L. Epigenetic effects of short-chain fatty acids from the large intestine on host cells. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad032. [PMID: 37441522 PMCID: PMC10335734 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Adult humans harbor at least as many microbial cells as eukaryotic ones. The largest compartment of this diverse microbial population, the gut microbiota, encompasses the collection of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotic organisms that populate the gastrointestinal tract, and represents a complex and dynamic ecosystem that has been increasingly implicated in health and disease. The gut microbiota carries ∼100-to-150-times more genes than the human genome and is intimately involved in development, homeostasis, and disease. Of the several microbial metabolites that have been studied, short-chain fatty acids emerge as a group of molecules that shape gene expression in several types of eukaryotic cells by multiple mechanisms, which include DNA methylation changes, histone post-translational modifications, and microRNA-mediated gene silencing. Butyric acid, one of the most extensively studied short-chain fatty acids, reaches higher concentrations in the colonic lumen, where it provides a source of energy for healthy colonocytes, and its concentrations decrease towards the bottom of the colonic crypts, where stem cells reside. The lower butyric acid concentration in the colonic crypts allows undifferentiated cells, such as stem cells, to progress through the cell cycle, pointing towards the importance of the crypts in providing them with a protective niche. In cancerous colonocytes, which metabolize relatively little butyric acid and mostly rely on glycolysis, butyric acid preferentially acts as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, leading to decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. A better understanding of the interface between the gut microbiota metabolites and epigenetic changes in eukaryotic cells promises to unravel in more detail processes that occur physiologically and as part of disease, help develop novel biomarkers, and identify new therapeutic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Stein
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. Tel: +1-917-684-9438; E-mail: ;
| | - Leise Riber
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maara J, Cirillo C, Angeles G, Prencipe L, deMilliano M, Lima SM, Palermo T. Impacts of cash transfer and "cash plus" programs on self- perceived stress in Africa: Evidence from Ghana, Malawi, and Tanzania. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101403. [PMID: 37168249 PMCID: PMC10165453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poverty and poor mental health are closely linked. Cash transfers have significantly expanded globally. Given their objectives around poverty reduction and improving food security, a major chronic stressor in Africa, cash transfers may affect mental health outcomes. We examine impacts of three large-scale government cash transfer or cash plus programs in Ghana, Malawi, and Tanzania on self-perceived stress using an innovative, newly adapted measure for rural African settings. Linear regression models were used to estimate treatment impacts. We find that cash transfers reduced self-perceived stress in Malawi, but programs in Ghana and Tanzania had no impacts on self-perceived stress. These mixed findings, combined with recent reviews on cash transfers and mental health, suggest that cash transfers may play a role in improving mental health. However, cash alone may not be sufficient to overcome many challenges related to poverty, and complementary programming may also be needed to improve mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Maara
- Department of Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Gustavo Angeles
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Leah Prencipe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sarah M. Lima
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
| | - Tia Palermo
- Division of Health Services Policy and Practice, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Shen Y, Huang C, Wang Y, Zhang X, Guo F, Weng R, Ma X, Sun H. Astrocytes in the spinal cord contributed to acute stress-induced gastric damage via the gap junction protein CX43. Brain Res 2023; 1811:148395. [PMID: 37156321 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rat restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS) is a compound stress of high intensity and is widely used to study the pathological mechanisms of stress gastric ulcers. The spinal cord, as a part of the central nervous system, plays a dominant role in the gastrointestinal tract, but whether the spinal cord is involved in rat restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS)-induced gastric mucosal damage has not been reported. In this study, we examined the expression of spinal astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuronal c-Fos, connexin 43 (Cx43), and p-ERK1/2 during RWIS by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, we intrathecally injected the astrocytic toxin L-a-aminoadipate (L-AA), gap junction blocker carbenoxolone (CBX), and ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor PD98059 to explore the role of astrocytes in the spinal cord in RWIS-induced gastric mucosal damage and its possible mechanism in rats. The results showed that the expression of GFAP, c-Fos, Cx43, and p-ERK1/2 was significantly elevated in the spinal cord after RWIS. Intrathecal injection of both the astrocyte toxin L-AA and the gap junction blocker CBX significantly attenuated RWIS-induced gastric mucosal damage and decreased the activation of astrocytes and neurons induced in the spinal cord. Meanwhile, the ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor PD98059 significantly inhibited gastric mucosal damage, gastric motility and RWIS-induced activation of spinal cord neurons and astrocytes. These results suggest that spinal astrocytes may regulate the RWIS-induced activation of neurons via CX43 gap junctions and play a critical role in RWIS-induced gastric mucosa damage through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yangyang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chenxu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Feiyang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rongxin Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Haiji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88# Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Azevedo CS, Cipreste CF, Pizzutto CS, Young RJ. Review of the Effects of Enclosure Complexity and Design on the Behaviour and Physiology of Zoo Animals. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081277. [PMID: 37106840 PMCID: PMC10135285 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the habitat refers to its physical geometry, which includes abiotic and biotic elements. Habitat complexity is important because it allows more species to coexist and, consequently, more interactions to be established among them. The complexity of the habitat links the physical structure of the enclosure to the biological interactions, which occur within its limits. Enclosure complexity should vary temporally, to be able to influence the animals in different ways, depending on the period of the day and season and throughout the year. In the present paper, we discuss how habitat complexity is important, and how it can positively influence the physical and mental states of zoo animals. We show how habitat complexity can ultimately affect educational projects. Finally, we discuss how we can add complexity to enclosures and, thus, make the lives of animals more interesting and functional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n Bauxita, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária Armando Salles de Oliveira, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Robert John Young
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford Manchester, Peel Building-Room G51, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kyriacou A, Tziaferi V, Toumba M. Stress, Thyroid Dysregulation, and Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents: Proposed Impending Mechanisms. Horm Res Paediatr 2023; 96:44-53. [PMID: 35385843 DOI: 10.1159/000524477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a potential catalyst for thyroid dysregulation through cross-communication of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axes. Stress and stressors exposure motivates molecular mechanisms affecting compound feedback loops of the HPT axis. While there is evidence of connection between stress and thyroid dysregulation, the question whether this connection is implicated in the development of thyroid cancer (TC) remains unanswered. In view of the rising incidence of TC in both adults and children alongside the increasing stress in our modern society, there is a need to understand possible interrelations between stress, thyroid dysregulation, and TC. Prolonged glucocorticoid secretion due to stress interferes with immune system response by altering the cytokines, inducing low-grade chronic inflammation, and suppressing function of immune-protective cells. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor linked to TC. The role of autoimmunity has been a matter of controversy. However, there is epidemiological connection between autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and TC; patients with AITD show increased incidence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and those with TC show a high prevalence of intrathyroidal lymphocyte infiltration and thyroid autoantibodies. Timing and duration-dependent exposure to specific endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has an impact on thyroid development, function, and proliferation, leading to thyroid disease and potentially cancer. Thyroid hormone imbalance, chronic inflammation, and EDCs are potential risk factors for oxidative stress. Oxygen free radicals are capable of causing DNA damage via stimulation of the mitogen-activating protein kinase or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and/or nuclear factor kB pathways, resulting in TC-associated gene mutations such as RET/PTC, AKAP9-BRAF, NTRK1, RAASF, PIK3CA, and PTEN. Stressful events during the critical periods of prenatal and early life can influence neuroendocrine regulation and induce epigenetic changes. Aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor genes such as P16INK4A, RASSF, and PTEN is associated with PTC; histone H3 acetylation is shown to be higher in TC, and thyroid-specific noncoding RNAs are downregulated in PTC. This review focuses on the above proposed mechanisms that potentially lead to thyroid tumorigenesis with the aim to help in the development of novel prognostic and therapeutic strategies for TC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Kyriacou
- CEDM, Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus.,Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,Medical School, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Meropi Toumba
- Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Olivieri F, Prattichizzo F, Lattanzio F, Bonfigli AR, Spazzafumo L. Antifragility and antiinflammaging: Can they play a role for a healthy longevity? Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101836. [PMID: 36574863 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the most exciting challenges of the research on aging is to explain how the environmental factors interact with the genetic background to modulate the chances to reach the extreme limit of human life in healthy conditions. The complex epigenetic mechanisms can explain both the interaction between DNA and environmental factors, and the long-distance persistence of lifestyle effects, due to the so called "epigenetic memory". One of the most extensively investigated theories on aging focuses on the inflammatory responses, suggesting that the age-related progression of low-grade and therefore for long time subclinical, chronic, systemic, inflammatory process, named "inflammaging", could be the most relevant risk factor for the development and progression of the most common age-related diseases and ultimately of death. The results of many studies on long-lived people, especially on centenarians, suggested that healthy old people can cope with inflammaging upregulating the antiinflammaging responses. Overall, a genetic make-up coding for a strong antiinflammaging response and an age-related ability to remodel key metabolic pathways to cope with a plethora of antigens and stressors seem to be the best ways for reach the extreme limit of human lifespan in health status. In this scenario, we wondered if the antifragility concept, recently developed in the framework of business and risk analysis, could add some information to disentangle the heterogeneous nature of the aging process in human. The antifragility is the property of the complex systems to increase their performances because of high stress. Based on this theory we were wondering if some subjects could be able to modulate faster than others their epigenome to cope with a plethora of stressors during life, probably modulating the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. In this framework, antifragility could share some common mechanisms with anti-inflammaging, modulating the ability to restrain the inflammatory responses, so that antifragility and antiinflammaging could be viewed as different pieces of the same puzzle, both impinging upon the chances to travel along the healthy aging trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Clinica di Medicina di Laboratorio e di Precisione, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Child Health Advocacy: The Journey to Antiracism. Pediatr Clin North Am 2023; 70:91-101. [PMID: 36402474 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The last several years have seen accelerated activity and discourse directed at antiracism. Specifically following the 2020 murder of George Floyd, institutions across the country engaged in a range of introspective exercises and transparent reckonings examining their practices, policies, and history insofar as equity and racism is concerned. The authors of this article, both active protagonists in this domain, have been, and continue to be, part of ongoing national efforts and have learned much about the strategies and tactics necessary to initiate, engage, and sustain traction on the path to antiracism.
Collapse
|
8
|
Duenas KR, Ingram M, Crocker RM, Pace TWW, de Zapien JG, Torres E, Carvajal SC. La vida en la frontera: protocol for a prospective study exploring stress and health resiliencies among Mexican-origin individuals living in a US-Mexico border community. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2442. [PMID: 36575410 PMCID: PMC9794409 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mexican-origin adults living near the U.S.-Mexico border experience unique and pervasive social and ecological stressors, including poverty, perceived discrimination, and environmental hazards, potentially contributing to the high burden of chronic disease. However, there is also evidence that residents in high-density Mexican-origin neighborhoods exhibit lower prevalence rates of disease and related mortality than those living in other areas. Understanding the factors that contribute to health resiliencies at the community scale is essential to informing the effective design of health promotion strategies. METHODS La Vida en la Frontera is a mixed-methods participatory study linking a multi-disciplinary University of Arizona research team with Campesinos Sin Fronteras, a community-based organization founded by community health workers in San Luis, Arizona. This paper describes the current protocol for aims 2 and 3 of this multi-faceted investigation. In aim 2 a cohort of N≈300 will be recruited using door-to-door sampling of neighborhoods in San Luis and Somerton, AZ. Participants will be surveyed and undergo biomarker assessments for indicators of health and chronic stress at three time points across a year length. A subset of this cohort will be invited to participate in aim 3 where they will be interviewed to further understand mechanisms of resilience and wellbeing. DISCUSSION This study examines objective and subjective mechanisms of the relationship between stress and health in an ecologically diverse rural community over an extended timeframe and illuminates health disparities affecting residents of this medically underserved community. Findings from this investigation directly impact the participants and community through deepening our understanding of the linkages between individual and community level stress and chronic disease risk. This innovative study utilizes a comprehensive methodology to investigate pathways of stress and chronic disease risk present at individual and community levels. We address multiple public health issues including chronic disease and mental illness risk, health related disparities among Mexican-origin people, and health protective mechanisms and behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina R. Duenas
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Arizona Prevention Research Center Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Maia Ingram
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Arizona Prevention Research Center Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Rebecca M. Crocker
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XHealth Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Thaddeus W. W. Pace
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XCollege of Nursing, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA ,grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Psychology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Jill Guernsey de Zapien
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Arizona Prevention Research Center Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | | | - Scott C. Carvajal
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Arizona Prevention Research Center Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alnajeebi AM, Alharbi HFH, Alelwani W, Babteen NA, Alansari WS, Shamlan G, Eskandrani AA. COVID-19 Candidate Genes and Pathways Potentially Share the Association with Lung Cancer. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2022; 25:2463-2472. [PMID: 34254909 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210712092649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is considered as the most challenging in the current situation but lung cancer is also the leading cause of death in the global population. These two malignancies are among the leading human diseases and are highly complex in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches as well as the most frequent and highly complex and heterogeneous in nature. Based on the latest update, it is known that the patients suffering from lung cancer, are considered to be significantly at higher risk of COVID-19 infection in terms of survival and there are a number of evidences which support the hypothesis that these diseases may share the same functions and functional components. Multi-level unwanted alterations such as (epi-)genetic alterations, changes at the transcriptional level, and altered signaling pathways (receptor, cytoplasmic, and nuclear level) are the major sources which promote a number of complex diseases and such heterogeneous level of complexities are considered as the major barrier in the development of therapeutics. With so many challenges, it is critical to understand the relationships and the common shared aberrations between them which is difficult to unravel and understand. A simple approach has been applied for this study where differential gene expression analysis, pathway enrichment, and network level understanding are carried out. Since, gene expression changes and genomic alterations are related to the COVID-19 and lung cancer but their pattern varies significantly. Based on the recent studies, it appears that the patients suffering from lung cancer and and simultaneously infected with COVID-19, then survival chance is lessened. So, we have designed our goal to understand the genes commonly overexpressed and commonly enriched pathways in case of COVID-19 and lung cancer. For this purpose, we have presented the summarized review of the previous works where the pathogenesis of lung cancer and COVID-19 infection have been focused and we have also presented the new finding of our analysis. So, this work not only presents the review work but also the research work. This review and research study leads to the conclusion that growth promoting pathways (EGFR, Ras, and PI3K), growth inhibitory pathways (p53 and STK11), apoptotic pathways (Bcl- 2/Bax/Fas), and DDR pathways and genes are commonly and dominantly altered in both the cases COVID-19 and lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afnan M Alnajeebi
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend F H Alharbi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, KSA
| | - Walla Alelwani
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf A Babteen
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa S Alansari
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej A Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Romo-González T, Barranca-Enríquez A, León-Díaz R, Del Callejo-Canal E, Gutiérrez-Ospina G, Jimenez Urrego AM, Bolaños C, Botero Carvajal A. Psychological suppressive profile and autoantibodies variability in women living with breast cancer: A prospective cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10883. [PMID: 36237972 PMCID: PMC9552120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of women's morbimortality worldwide. Unfortunately, attempts to predict women's susceptibility to developing BC well before it becomes symptomatic, based on their genetic, family, and reproductive background have proved unsatisfactory. Here we analyze the matching of personality traits and protein serum profiles to predict women's susceptibility to developing cancer. We conducted a prospective study among 150 women (aged 18-70 years), who were distributed into three groups (n = 50): women without breast pathology and women diagnosed with BC or benign breast pathology. Psychological data were obtained through standardized psychological tests and serum protein samples were analyzed through semiquantitative protein immunoblotting. The matching for psychological and immunological profiles was constructed from these data using a mathematical generalized linear model.The model predicted that women who have stronger associations between high-intensity stress responses, emotional containment, and an increased number and reduced variability of serum proteins (detected by IgG autoantibodies) have the greatest susceptibility to develop BC before the disease has manifested clinically. Hence, the present study endorses the possibility of using psychological and biochemical tests in combination to increase the possibility of identifying women at risk of developing BC before the disease shows clinical manifestations. A longitudinal study must be instrumented to test the prediction ability of the instrument in real scenarios. Trial registration Committee of Ethical Research of the Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Ministry of Health (DI/12/111/03/064).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Romo-González
- Biology and Integral Health Area of the Biological Research Institute of the Universidad Veracruzana. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Industrial Animas, Rubí Animas, C.P. 91190, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico,Corresponding author.
| | - Antonia Barranca-Enríquez
- Center for Health Studies and Services, in the Universidad Veracruzana at Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Rosalba León-Díaz
- Biology and Integral Health Area of the Biological Research Institute of the Universidad Veracruzana. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Industrial Animas, Rubí Animas, C.P. 91190, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Enrique Del Callejo-Canal
- Biology and Integral Health Area of the Biological Research Institute of the Universidad Veracruzana. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Industrial Animas, Rubí Animas, C.P. 91190, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology in the Institute for Biomedical Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angela María Jimenez Urrego
- Psychology Program, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Universidad de San Buenaventura Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - Cristina Bolaños
- Medicine Program, Fundación Universitaria San Martin, Pasto, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Muñiz JP, Woodhouse JP, Hughes AE, Pruitt SL, Rabin KR, Scheurer ME, Lupo PJ, Schraw JM. Residence in a Latinx enclave and end-induction minimal residual disease positivity among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 39:650-657. [PMID: 35262447 PMCID: PMC9458766 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2022.2047850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic inequities in survival persist for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the US, there are strong associations between SES, race/ethnicity, and place of residence. This is evidenced by ethnic enclaves: neighborhoods with high concentrations of ethnic residents, immigrants, and language isolation. The Latinx enclave index (LEI) can be used to investigate how residence in a Latinx enclave is associated with health outcomes. We studied the association between LEI score and minimal residual disease (MRD) in 142 pediatric ALL patients treated at Texas Children's Hospital. LEI score was associated with end-induction MRD positivity (OR per unit increase 1.63, CI 1.12-2.46). There was also a significant trend toward increased odds of MRD positivity among children living in areas with the highest enclave index scores. MRD positivity at end of induction is associated with higher incidence of relapse and lower overall survival among children with ALL; future studies are needed to elucidate the exact causes of these findings and to improve ALL outcomes among children residing within Latinx enclaves.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08880018.2022.2047850.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Muñiz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John P Woodhouse
- Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy E Hughes
- Department of Population and Data Sciences and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sandi L Pruitt
- Department of Population and Data Sciences and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Karen R Rabin
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremy M Schraw
- Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wright JL, Davis WS, Joseph MM, Ellison AM, Heard-Garris NJ, Johnson TL. Eliminating Race-Based Medicine. Pediatrics 2022; 150:186963. [PMID: 35491483 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-057998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland
| | - Wendy S Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Larner, MD, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Madeline M Joseph
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Angela M Ellison
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nia J Heard-Garris
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tiffani L Johnson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ryznar RJ, Phibbs L, Onat E, Van Winkle LJ. Epigenetic Regulation of Development, Cellular Differentiation, and Disease Progression/Protection in Adults. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121907. [PMID: 35741035 PMCID: PMC9221476 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Ryznar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Parker, CO 80134, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Lacie Phibbs
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Parker, CO 80134, USA; (L.P.); (E.O.)
| | - Erin Onat
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Parker, CO 80134, USA; (L.P.); (E.O.)
| | - Lon J. Van Winkle
- Department of Medical Humanities, Rocky Vista University, 8401 S. Chambers Road, Parker, CO 80112, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Achieving equity through science and integrity: dismantling race-based medicine. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:1641-1644. [PMID: 35383261 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
15
|
BRD4 promotes resection and homology-directed repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3016. [PMID: 35641523 PMCID: PMC9156784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most toxic forms of DNA damage and represent a major source of genomic instability. Members of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) protein family are characterized as epigenetic readers that regulate gene expression. However, evidence suggests that BET proteins also play a more direct role in DNA repair. Here, we establish a cell-free system using Xenopus egg extracts to elucidate the gene expression-independent functions of BET proteins in DSB repair. We identify the BET protein BRD4 as a critical regulator of homologous recombination and describe its role in stimulating DNA processing through interactions with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and resection machinery. These results establish BRD4 as a multifunctional regulator of chromatin binding that links transcriptional activity and homology-directed repair. BRD4 is a multifunctional regulator of chromatin binding that plays a direct role in DNA double-strand break repair. BRD4 interacts with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and resection machinery to promote homologous recombination.
Collapse
|
16
|
Prasad M, Rajagopal P, Devarajan N, Veeraraghavan VP, Palanisamy CP, Cui B, Patil S, Jayaraman S. A comprehensive review on high fat diet-induced diabetes mellitus: An epigenetic view. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 107:109037. [PMID: 35533900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Modern lifestyle, genetics, nutritional overload through high-fat diet attributed prevalence and diabetes outcomes with various complications primarily due to obesity in which energy-dense diets frequently affect metabolic health. One possible issue usually associated with elevated chronic fat intake is insulin resistance, and hyperglycaemia constitutes an important function in altering the carbohydrates and lipids metabolism. Similarly, in assessing human susceptibility to weight gain and obesity, genetic variations play a central role, contributing to keen interest in identifying the possible role of epigenetics as a mediator of gene-environmental interactions influencing the production of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related concerns. Epigenetic modifications associated with the acceptance of a sedentary lifestyle and environmental stress factors in response to energy intake and expenditure imbalances complement genetic alterations and lead to the production and advancement of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. Methylation of DNA, histone modifications and increases in the expression of non-coding RNAs can result in reduced transcriptional activity of key β-cell genes thus creating insulin resistance. Epigenetics contribute to changes in the expression of the underlying insulin resistance and insufficiency gene networks, along with low-grade obesity-related inflammation, increased ROS generation and DNA damage in multi organs. This review focused on epigenetic mechanisms and metabolic regulations associated with high fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Prasad
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and diagnostic (CoMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakhsi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600 095, India
| | - Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakhsi Academy of Higher Education and Research, West K.K. Nagar, Chennai, 600 078, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and diagnostic (CoMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Defining the importance of stress reduction in managing cardiovascular disease - the role of exercise. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 70:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
18
|
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation (DNAm) have been associated with stress responses and increased vulnerability to depression. Abnormal DNAm is observed in stressed animals and depressed individuals. Antidepressant treatment modulates DNAm levels and regulates gene expression in diverse tissues, including the brain and the blood. Therefore, DNAm could be a potential therapeutic target in depression. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge about the involvement of DNAm in the behavioural and molecular changes associated with stress exposure and depression. We also evaluated the possible use of DNAm changes as biomarkers of depression. Finally, we discussed current knowledge limitations and future perspectives.
Collapse
|
19
|
Chalfun G, Reis MM, de Oliveira MBG, de Araújo Brasil A, Dos Santos Salú M, da Cunha AJLA, Prata-Barbosa A, de Magalhães-Barbosa MC. Perinatal stress and methylation of the NR3C1 gene in newborns: systematic review. Epigenetics 2021; 17:1003-1019. [PMID: 34519616 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1980691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse experiences in the perinatal period have been associated with the methylation of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and long-term diseases. We conducted a systematic review on the association between adversities in the perinatal period and DNA methylation in the 1 F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns. We explored the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, and Lilacs databases without time or language limitations. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. A third participated in the methodological quality assessment and consensus meetings at all stages. Finally, ten studies were selected. Methodological quality was considered moderate in six and low in four. Methylation changes were reported in 41 of the 47 CpG sites of exon 1 F. Six studies addressed maternal conditions during pregnancy: two reported methylation changes at the same sites (CpG 10, 13, 20, 21 and 47), and four at one or more sites from CpG 35 to 39. Four studies addressed neonatal parameters and morbidities: methylation changes at the same sites 4, 8, 10, 16, 25, and 35 were reported in two. Hypermethylation associated with stressful conditions prevailed. Hypomethylation was more often associated with protective conditions (maternal-foetal attachment during pregnancy, breast milk intake, higher birth weight or Apgar). In conclusion, methylation changes in several sites of the 1 F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns and very young infants were associated with perinatal stress, but more robust and comparable results are needed to corroborate site-specific associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Chalfun
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Ufrj), Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martins Reis
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Aline de Araújo Brasil
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Margarida Dos Santos Salú
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio José Ledo Alves da Cunha
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Ufrj), Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (Idor), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Ufrj), Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Israel-Elgali I, Hertzberg L, Shapira G, Segev A, Krieger I, Nitzan U, Bloch Y, Pillar N, Mayer O, Weizman A, Gurwitz D, Shomron N. Blood transcriptional response to treatment-resistant depression during electroconvulsive therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 141:92-103. [PMID: 34182381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently the first-line antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), defined as failure to achieve remission despite adequate treatment, affects ~30% of persons with MDD. The current recommended treatment for TRD is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), while ketamine is an experimentally suggested treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the transcriptional differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) between individuals with TRD and a control group without a psychiatric illness; and between patients with TRD, treated with either standard antidepressant drugs alone, or in combination with ECT or ketamine. Additionally, PBMC transcriptomics were compared between treatment responders, following completion of their treatment protocols. Total RNA was extracted from PBMC of the TRD group at two time points, and RNA and miRNA expression were profiled. Multiple mRNAs and miRNAs were found to be modified, with two protein coding genes, FKBP5 and ITGA2B, which are up- and downregulated, respectively; and several miRNAs have shown changes following successful ECT treatment. Further analysis demonstrated the direct functional regulation of ITGA2B by miR-24-3p. Our findings suggest that PBMC expression levels of FKBP5, ITGA2B, and miR-24-3p should be further explored as tentative ECT response biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifat Israel-Elgali
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Libi Hertzberg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel; Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviv Segev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Israel Krieger
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Uri Nitzan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Yuval Bloch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Nir Pillar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Mayer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tiqva, Israel
| | - David Gurwitz
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sazonova MA, Sinyov VV, Ryzhkova AI, Sazonova MD, Kirichenko TV, Khotina VA, Khasanova ZB, Doroschuk NA, Karagodin VP, Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA. Some Molecular and Cellular Stress Mechanisms Associated with Neurodegenerative Diseases and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E699. [PMID: 33445687 PMCID: PMC7828120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a combination of nonspecific adaptive reactions of the body to the influence of various adverse stress factors which disrupt its homeostasis, and it is also a corresponding state of the organism's nervous system (or the body in general). We hypothesized that chronic stress may be one of the causes occurence of several molecular and cellular types of stress. We analyzed literary sources and considered most of these types of stress in our review article. We examined genes and mutations of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and also molecular variants which lead to various types of stress. The end result of chronic stress can be metabolic disturbance in humans and animals, leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, energy deficiency in cells (due to a decrease in ATP synthesis) and mitochondrial dysfunction. These changes can last for the lifetime and lead to severe pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. The analysis of literature allowed us to conclude that under the influence of chronic stress, metabolism in the human body can be disrupted, mutations of the mitochondrial and nuclear genome and dysfunction of cells and their compartments can occur. As a result of these processes, oxidative, genotoxic, and cellular stress can occur. Therefore, chronic stress can be one of the causes forthe occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. In particular, chronic stress can play a large role in the occurrence and development of oxidative, genotoxic, and cellular types of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A. Sazonova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Vasily V. Sinyov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Anastasia I. Ryzhkova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Marina D. Sazonova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Tatiana V. Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria A. Khotina
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zukhra B. Khasanova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Natalya A. Doroschuk
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Vasily P. Karagodin
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Department of Commodity Science and Expertise, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Centre, 143024 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Sobenin
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.I.R.); (M.D.S.); (T.V.K.); (V.A.K.); (V.P.K.); (A.N.O.); (I.A.S.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (Z.B.K.); (N.A.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Determining effects of adolescent stress exposure on risk for posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
23
|
"Racism as a public health issue" APS racism series: at the intersection of equity, science, and social justice. Pediatr Res 2020; 88:696-698. [PMID: 32916682 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
24
|
DHA from microalgae Schizochytrium spp. (Thraustochytriaceae) modifies the inflammatory response and gonadal lipid profile in domestic cats. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:172-182. [PMID: 33054887 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory response, oxidative status and fatty acid deposition in reproductive tissues of cats supplemented with the dried microalgae Schizochytrium spp. (Thraustochytriaceae) as a DHA source. Thirty-seven cats (males, n 21; females, n 16; 11·5 (sd 0·5) months of age) were divided by sex into five groups. Treatment diets contained algae biomass at 4·0, 8·0, 12·0 or 16·0 g/kg replacing poultry fat (n-6 source). Cats were fed the respective diet for 62 d and neutered on day 58. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the experiment (day 1), before neutering (day 58) and 4 d after surgery (day 62) for analysis of inflammation and oxidative markers. Acute-phase protein levels were altered (P < 0·01) in the postoperative period, without any treatment effect (P > 0·05). PGE2 concentrations after surgery were reduced linearly (R2 0·8706; P = 0·002) with microalgal inclusion. Blood platelet count was reduced (P = 0·001) after the surgery regardless treatment, but it was higher in the DHA group compared with control (P < 0·001). The DHA deposition (testicles, R2 0·846; ovaries, R2 0·869) and the n-6:n-3 ratio (testicles, R2 0·859; ovaries, R2 0·955) in gonads had a pattern which fitted a quadratic model. DHA from Schizochytrium spp. modifies PGE2 response after the surgery in cats. The physiological roles of the DHA in the reproduction of cats were not investigated, but its gonadal deposition after supplementation was observed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Malik AT, Baek J, Alexander JH, Voskuil RT, Khan SN, Scharschmidt TJ. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone: A survival analysis from the National Cancer Database. J Surg Oncol 2020; 121:1097-1103. [PMID: 32133661 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone, now known as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone, is a rare neoplasm that accounts for less than 2% of all primary malignant bone tumors. The objective of the current study was to evaluate prognosis and survival for MFH of bone. METHODS The 2004 to 2016 National Cancer Database was queried to identify patients with a primary MFH of bone. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze overall survival and risk factors associated with overall mortality. RESULTS The overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 38.3% and 30.5%, respectively. Increasing stage and metastatic disease at presentation were associated with poor overall survival (P < .001). Patients aged 18 to 50 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51), 51 to 75 years (HR, 0.61), and those undergoing surgery (HR, 0.39) had improved survival. Having Medicare insurance (HR, 1.48), residing in a low educated area (HR, 2.56), and positive surgical margins (HR, 1.80) were associated with poor survival. CONCLUSIONS The overall prognosis of MFH of bone is poor with a reported 5-year survival rate of 38.3%. Undergoing surgery and younger age were associated with a better prognosis. Older age, having Medicare insurance, and positive surgical margins were predictors of mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azeem T Malik
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jae Baek
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John H Alexander
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ryan T Voskuil
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Safdar N Khan
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas J Scharschmidt
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leonardi A, Evke S, Lee M, Melendez JA, Begley TJ. Epitranscriptomic systems regulate the translation of reactive oxygen species detoxifying and disease linked selenoproteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:573-593. [PMID: 31476365 PMCID: PMC7650020 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we highlight the role of epitranscriptomic systems in post-transcriptional regulation, with a specific focus on RNA modifying writers required for the incorporation of the 21st amino acid selenocysteine during translation, and the pathologies linked to epitranscriptomic and selenoprotein defects. Epitranscriptomic marks in the form of enzyme-catalyzed modifications to RNA have been shown to be important signals regulating translation, with defects linked to altered development, intellectual impairment, and cancer. Modifications to rRNA, mRNA and tRNA can affect their structure and function, while the levels of these dynamic tRNA-specific epitranscriptomic marks are stress-regulated to control translation. The tRNA for selenocysteine contains five distinct epitranscriptomic marks and the ALKBH8 writer for the wobble uridine (U) has been shown to be vital for the translation of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and thioredoxin reductase (TRXR) family of selenoproteins. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxifying selenocysteine containing proteins are a prime examples of how specialized translation can be regulated by specific tRNA modifications working in conjunction with distinct codon usage patterns, RNA binding proteins and specific 3' untranslated region (UTR) signals. We highlight the important role of selenoproteins in detoxifying ROS and provide details on how epitranscriptomic marks and selenoproteins can play key roles in and maintaining mitochondrial function and preventing disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardi
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sara Evke
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - May Lee
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
| | - J Andres Melendez
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Thomas J Begley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA; RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen B, Dai Q, Zhang Q, Yan P, Wang A, Qu L, Jin Y, Zhang D. The relationship among occupational irradiation, DNA methylation status, and oxidative damage in interventional physicians. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17373. [PMID: 31574886 PMCID: PMC6775365 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation can induce deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation pattern change, and ionizing radiation-induced oxidative damage may also affect DNA methylation status. However, the influence of low-dose ionizing radiation, such as occupational radiation exposure, on DNA methylation is still controversial.By investigating the relationship between occupational radiation exposure and DNA methylation changes, we evaluated whether radiation-induced oxidative damage was related to DNA methylation alterations and then determined the relationship among occupational radiation level, DNA methylation status, and oxidative damage in interventional physicians.The study population included 117 interventional physicians and 117 controls. We measured global methylation levels of peripheral blood leukocyte DNA and expression level of DNA methyltransferase (Dnmts) and homocysteine (Hcy) in serum to assess the DNA methylation status of the body. We measured 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) levels as indices of oxidative damage. Relevance analysis between multiple indices can reflect the relationship among occupational radiation exposure, DNA methylation changes, and oxidative damage in interventional physicians.The expression levels of Dnmts, 4-HNE, and 8-OHDG in interventional physicians were higher than those in controls, while there was no statistical difference in total DNA methylation rate and expression of Hcy between interventional physicians and controls. Total cumulative personal dose equivalent in interventional physicians was positively correlated with the expression levels of Dnmts, 8-OHDG, and 4-HNE. The expression levels of 8-OHDG in interventional physicians were negatively correlated with global DNA methylation levels and positively correlated with the expression levels of Hcy.Occupational radiation exposure of interventional physicians has a certain effect on the expression of related enzymes in the process of DNA methylation, while ionizing radiation-induced oxidative damage also has a certain effect on DNA methylation. However, there was no evidence that dose burden of occupational exposure was associated to changes of DNA methylation status of interventional physicians, since it is rather unclear which differences are observed among the effects produced by radiation exposure and oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Radiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qi Dai
- Department of Radiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aihong Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linyan Qu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinhua Jin
- Department of Radiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Stress, epigenetics and depression: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:139-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
29
|
Meng LB, Zou YF, Shan MJ, Zhang M, Qi RM, Yu ZM, Guo P, Zheng QW, Gong T. Computer-assisted prediction of atherosclerotic intimal thickness based on weight of adrenal gland, interleukin-6 concentration, and neural networks. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519839625. [PMID: 31039661 PMCID: PMC7140207 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519839625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusions
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bing Meng
- Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China.,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yang-Fan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing, P.R. China.,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Meng-Jie Shan
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ruo-Mei Qi
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Mou Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Wei Zheng
- Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tao Gong
- Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yao BC, Meng LB, Hao ML, Zhang YM, Gong T, Guo ZG. Chronic stress: a critical risk factor for atherosclerosis. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1429-1440. [PMID: 30799666 PMCID: PMC6460614 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519826820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress refers to the non-specific systemic reaction that occurs when the body is stimulated by various internal and external negative factors over a long time. The physiological response to chronic stress exposure has long been recognized as a potent modulator in the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, research has confirmed the correlation between atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Chronic stress is pervasive during negative life events and may lead to the formation of plaque. Several epidemiological studies have shown that chronic stress is an independent risk factor for the development of vascular disease and for increased morbidity and mortality in patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease. One possible mechanism for this process is that chronic stress causes endothelial injury, directly activating macrophages, promoting foam cell formation and generating the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. This mechanism involves numerous variables, including inflammation, signal pathways, lipid metabolism and endothelial function. The mechanism of chronic stress in atherosclerosis should be further investigated to provide a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the effect of chronic stress on the cardiocerebral vascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chen Yao
- 1 Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling-Bing Meng
- 3 Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Lei Hao
- 4 Department of geriatric medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Zhang
- 5 Internal medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Gong
- 1 Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Guo
- 2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
McDade TW, Ryan CP, Jones MJ, Hoke MK, Borja J, Miller GE, Kuzawa CW, Kobor MS. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in relation to socioeconomic status during development and early adulthood. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2019; 169:3-11. [PMID: 30771258 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Socioeconomic status (SES) is a powerful determinant of health, but the underlying biological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigates whether levels of DNA methylation at CpG sites across the genome are associated with SES in a cohort of young adults in the Philippines. METHODS DNA methylation was assayed with the Illumina HumanMethylation450 Bead Chip, in leukocytes from 489 participants in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (mean age = 20.9 years). SES was measured in infancy/childhood and adulthood, and was based on composite measures of income, assets, and education. Genome-wide analysis of variable probes identified CpG sites significantly associated with SES after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Functional enrichment analysis was used to identify biological pathways associated with these sites. RESULTS A total of 2,546 CpG sites, across 1,537 annotated genes, were differentially methylated in association with SES. In comparison with high SES, low SES was associated with increased methylation at 1,777 sites, and decreased methylation at 769 sites. Functional enrichment analysis identified over-representation of biological pathways related to immune function, skeletal development, and development of the nervous system. CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic status predicts DNA methylation at a large number of CpG sites across the genome. The scope of these associations is commensurate with the wide range of biological systems and health outcomes that are shaped by SES, and these findings suggest that DNA methylation may play an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McDade
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Calen P Ryan
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba
| | - Morgan K Hoke
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Judith Borja
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Christopher W Kuzawa
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Papadopoulou Z, Vlaikou AM, Theodoridou D, Markopoulos GS, Tsoni K, Agakidou E, Drosou-Agakidou V, Turck CW, Filiou MD, Syrrou M. Stressful Newborn Memories: Pre-Conceptual, In Utero, and Postnatal Events. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:220. [PMID: 31057437 PMCID: PMC6482218 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life stressful experiences are critical for plasticity and development, shaping adult neuroendocrine response and future health. Stress response is mediated by the autonomous nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis while various environmental stimuli are encoded via epigenetic marks. The stress response system maintains homeostasis by regulating adaptation to the environmental changes. Pre-conceptual and in utero stressors form the fetal epigenetic profile together with the individual genetic profile, providing the background for individual stress response, vulnerability, or resilience. Postnatal and adult stressful experiences may act as the definitive switch. This review addresses the issue of how preconceptual in utero and postnatal events, together with individual differences, shape future stress responses. Putative markers of early-life adverse effects such as prematurity and low birth weight are emphasized, and the epigenetic, mitochondrial, and genomic architecture regulation of such events are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Angeliki-Maria Vlaikou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Daniela Theodoridou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios S Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantina Tsoni
- 1st Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Faculty, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Agakidou
- 1st Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Faculty, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Drosou-Agakidou
- 1st Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Faculty, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Michaela D Filiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Syrrou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Global DNA demethylation as an epigenetic marker of human brain metastases. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180731. [PMID: 30254100 PMCID: PMC6200709 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. They usually originate from: lung, breast, renal cell and gastrointestinal cancers, as well as melanoma. Prognosis for brain metastases is still poor and classical treatment combining surgery and radiation therapy should be strongly supported with molecular approaches. However, their successful application depends on a deep understanding of not only genetic, but also epigenetic background of the disease. That will result in an earlier and more precise diagnosis, successful treatment, as well as individualized estimation of clinical outcomes and prognosis. It has already been shown that the epigenetic machinery plays a crucial role in cancer biology, development, and progression. Therefore, we decided to look for metastasis through changes in the most studied epigenetic mark, 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in DNA. We performed global analysis of the m5C contents in DNA isolated from the brain metastatic tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples of the same patients, using thin layer chromatography separation of radioactively labeled nucleotides. We found that the m5C level in DNA from brain metastases: changes in the broad range, overlaps with that of blood, and negatively correlates with the increasing tumor grade. Because the amount of m5C in tumor tissue and blood is almost identical, the genomic DNA methylation can be a useful marker for brain metastases detection and differentiation. Our research creates a scope for future studies on epigenetic mechanisms in neuro-oncology and can lead to development of new diagnostic methods in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
34
|
Li W, Huang H, Li L, Wang L, Li Y, Wang Y, Guo S, Li L, Wang D, He Y, Chen L. The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis Based on Human Signaling Networks and Stem Cell Expression Data. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1678-1685. [PMID: 30416382 PMCID: PMC6216023 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.27896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common and complex disease, whose morbidity increased significantly. Here, an integrated approach was proposed to elucidate systematically the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis from a systems biology point of view. Two weighted human signaling networks were constructed based on atherosclerosis related gene expression data of stem cells. Then, 37 candidate Atherosclerosis-risk Modules were detected using four kinds of permutation tests. Five Atherosclerosis-risk Modules (three Absent Modules and two Emerging Modules) enriched in functions significantly associated with disease genes were identified and verified to be associated with the maintenance of normal biological process and the pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis. Especially for Atherosclerosis-risk Emerging Module P96, it could distinguish between normal and disease samples by Supporting Vector Machine with the average expression value of the module as classification feature. These identified modules and their genes may act as potential atherosclerosis biomarkers. Our study would shed light on the signal transduction of atherosclerosis, and provide new insights to its pathogenesis from the perspective of stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Huang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Dean's Office, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liansheng Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Donghua Wang
- Department of general surgery, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, 150088, Harbin, China
| | - Yuehan He
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lina Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Webster AP, Plant D, Ecker S, Zufferey F, Bell JT, Feber A, Paul DS, Beck S, Barton A, Williams FMK, Worthington J. Increased DNA methylation variability in rheumatoid arthritis-discordant monozygotic twins. Genome Med 2018; 10:64. [PMID: 30176915 PMCID: PMC6122744 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-018-0575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Epigenome-wide association studies can identify environmentally mediated epigenetic changes such as altered DNA methylation, which may also be influenced by genetic factors. To investigate possible contributions of DNA methylation to the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis with minimum confounding genetic heterogeneity, we investigated genome-wide DNA methylation in disease-discordant monozygotic twin pairs. METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation was assessed in 79 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for rheumatoid arthritis using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (Illumina). Discordant twins were tested for both differential DNA methylation and methylation variability between rheumatoid arthritis and healthy twins. The methylation variability signature was then compared with methylation variants from studies of other autoimmune diseases and with an independent healthy population. RESULTS We have identified a differentially variable DNA methylation signature that suggests multiple stress response pathways may be involved in the aetiology of the disease. This methylation variability signature also highlighted potential epigenetic disruption of multiple RUNX3 transcription factor binding sites as being associated with disease development. Comparison with previously performed epigenome-wide association studies of rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes identified shared pathways for autoimmune disorders, suggesting that epigenetics plays a role in autoimmunity and offering the possibility of identifying new targets for intervention. CONCLUSIONS Through genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in disease-discordant monozygotic twins, we have identified a differentially variable DNA methylation signature, in the absence of differential methylation in rheumatoid arthritis. This finding supports the importance of epigenetic variability as an emerging component in autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy P Webster
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Darren Plant
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Simone Ecker
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Flore Zufferey
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Feber
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dirk S Paul
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephan Beck
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Barton
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Frances M K Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jane Worthington
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Frías-Lasserre D, Villagra CA, Guerrero-Bosagna C. Stress in the Educational System as a Potential Source of Epigenetic Influences on Children's Development and Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:143. [PMID: 30057532 PMCID: PMC6053942 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite current advances on the relevance of environmental cues and epigenetic mechanisms in biological processes, including behavior, little attention has been paid to the potential link between epigenetic influences and educational sciences. For instance, could the learning environment and stress determine epigenetic marking, affecting students' behavior development? Could this have consequences on educational outcomes? So far, it has been shown that environmental stress influences neurological processes and behavior both in humans and rats. Through epigenetic mechanisms, offspring from stressed individuals develop altered behavior without any exposure to traumatizing experiences. Methylated DNA and noncoding RNAs regulate neurological processes such as synaptic plasticity and brain cortex development in children. The malfunctioning of these processes is associated with several neurological disorders, and these findings open up new avenues for the design of enriched environments for education and therapy. In this article, we discuss current cases of stress and behavioral disorders found in youngsters, and highlight the importance of considering epigenetic processes affecting the development of cognitive abilities and learning within the educational environment and for the development of teaching methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Frías-Lasserre
- Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian A. Villagra
- Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ducsay CA, Goyal R, Pearce WJ, Wilson S, Hu XQ, Zhang L. Gestational Hypoxia and Developmental Plasticity. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1241-1334. [PMID: 29717932 PMCID: PMC6088145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is multidimensional involving complicated intracellular networks concerned with the transduction of hypoxia-induced responses. Of all the stresses to which the fetus and newborn infant are subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. Hypoxia during gestation impacts both the mother and fetal development through interactions with an individual's genetic traits acquired over multiple generations by natural selection and changes in gene expression patterns by altering the epigenetic code. Changes in the epigenome determine "genomic plasticity," i.e., the ability of genes to be differentially expressed according to environmental cues. The genomic plasticity defined by epigenomic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs during development is the mechanistic substrate for phenotypic programming that determines physiological response and risk for healthy or deleterious outcomes. This review explores the impact of gestational hypoxia on maternal health and fetal development, and epigenetic mechanisms of developmental plasticity with emphasis on the uteroplacental circulation, heart development, cerebral circulation, pulmonary development, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adipose tissue. The complex molecular and epigenetic interactions that may impact an individual's physiology and developmental programming of health and disease later in life are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Ducsay
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Ravi Goyal
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William J. Pearce
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Sean Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Choubey SK, Jeyakanthan J. Molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry-based approaches to identify isoform selective HDAC2 inhibitor - a novel target to prevent Alzheimer's disease. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2018; 38:266-278. [PMID: 29932788 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2018.1476541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is an emerging target of Alzheimer's disease. Four featured pharmacophore model (ADRR) with one H-bond acceptor (A), one H-bond donor (D), and two aromatic rings (R) was generated using experimentally reported compounds, ((E-5[3-benzenesulfonamido) phenyl]-N-hydroxypent-2-en-4-ynamide)) and (N'-hydroxy-N-phenyloctanediamide) with IC50 values of 0.16 ± 0.11 nM and 62 ± 0.15 nM, respectively. Quantum Polarized Ligand Docking and Binding Free Energy calculation was performed for the top three identified leads RH01652, JFD02573, and HTS00800 from HitFinder database. RH01652 (methyl 2-[({5-[(benzoylamino) methyl]-2-thienyl} sulfonyl) amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propanoate) with docking score (-12.62 kcal/mol) and binding free energy (-75.27 kcal/mol), shows good binding affinity. RH01652 interacts with Gly154, His183, Glu208, and Phe210 with four H-bonds and stabilized by π-π interactions with His146, Tyr209, and Phe210. DFT studies at B3LYP level with 6-31G* basis set for the lead RH01652 reveals low band gap/ΔE (EHOMO-ELUMO) of -0.16 eV, which illustrates good reactivity of the lead. MD simulation studies (40 ns) was performed to confirm the stability of lead binding. Comparative molecular docking studies of the lead RH01652 with class I HDACs (HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC8) shows higher binding affinity towards HDAC2. Thus, lead RH01652 could serve as template to design novel and potent inhibitor of HDAC2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Choubey
- a Structural Biology and Bio-computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi , India
| | - Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
- a Structural Biology and Bio-computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics , Alagappa University , Karaikudi , India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Work Intensity, Low-Grade Inflammation, and Oxidative Status: A Comparison between Office and Slaughterhouse Workers. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2737563. [PMID: 29849876 PMCID: PMC5932461 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2737563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Limited knowledge exists about the impact of physical workload on oxidative stress in different occupational categories. Thus, we aimed to investigate the oxidative and inflammatory status in employees with different physical workloads. We enrolled a total of 79 male subjects, 27 office workers (mean age 38.8 ± 9.1 years) and 52 heavy workers, in a slaughterhouse (mean age 40.8 ± 8.2 years). Fasting blood was drawn from an antecubital vein in the morning of the midweek before an 8-hour or 12-hour work shift. The antioxidative capacity was assessed measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid, total polyphenols (PPm), and endogenous peroxidase activity (EPA). Total peroxides (TOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were analyzed as prooxidative biomarkers, and an oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. In addition, hsCRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), MDA-LDL IgM antibodies, galectin-3, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured as biomarkers of chronic systemic inflammation and emotional stress. TOC (p = 0.032), TAC (p < 0.001), ACTH (p < 0.001), OSI (p = 0.011), and hsCRP (p = 0.019) were significantly increased in the heavy workers group, while EPA, BDNF (p < 0.001), and polyphenols (p = 0.004) were significantly higher in office workers. Comparison between 8 and 12 h shifts showed a worse psychological condition in heavy workers with increased levels for hsCRP (p = 0.001) and reduced concentration of BDNF (p = 0.012) compared to office workers. Oxidative stress and inflammation are induced in heavy workers and are particularly pronounced during long working hours, that is, 12-hour versus 8-hour shifts.
Collapse
|
40
|
Petty J, Metzl JM, Keeys MR. Developing and Evaluating an Innovative Structural Competency Curriculum for Pre-Health Students. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2017; 38:459-471. [PMID: 28573595 PMCID: PMC5688197 DOI: 10.1007/s10912-017-9449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of structural competency training in pre-health undergraduate programs may offer significant benefits to future healthcare professionals. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of an interdisciplinary pre-health curriculum based in structural competency with a traditional premedical curriculum. The authors describe a new evaluation tool, the Structural Foundations of Health Survey © (2016), developed to evaluate structural skills and sensibilities. The authors use the survey to evaluate two groups of graduating seniors at Vanderbilt University-majors in an interdisciplinary pre-health curriculum titled Medicine, Health, and Society (MHS), and premed science majors-with particular attention to understanding how political, cultural, economic, and social factors shape health. Results suggest that MHS majors identified and analyzed relationships between structural factors and health outcomes at higher rates and in deeper ways than did premed science majors. MHS students also demonstrated higher understanding of structural and cultural competency in their approaches to race, intersectionality, and racial health disparities. The skills that MHS students exhibited represent proficiencies increasingly emphasized by the MCAT, the AAMC, and other educational bodies that, in an era of epigenetics and social determinants, emphasize how contextual factors shape expressions of health and illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JuLeigh Petty
- Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Metzl
- Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mia R Keeys
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Belsky DW, Snyder-Mackler N. Invited Commentary: Integrating Genomics and Social Epidemiology-Analysis of Late-Life Low Socioeconomic Status and the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:510-513. [PMID: 28911013 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Socially disadvantaged children face increased morbidity and mortality as they age. Understanding mechanisms through which social disadvantage becomes biologically embedded and devising measurements that can track this embedding are critical priorities for research to address social gradients in health. The analysis by Levine et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186(5):503-509) of genome-wide gene expression in a subsample of US Health and Retirement Study participants suggests important new directions for the field. Specifically, findings suggest promise in integrating gene expression data into population studies and provide further evidence for the conserved transcriptional response to adversity as a marker of biological embedding of social disadvantage. The study also highlights methodological issues related to the analysis of gene expression data and social gradients in health and a need to examine the conserved transcriptional response to adversity alongside other proposed measurements of biological embedding. Looking to the future, advances in genome science are opening new opportunities for sociogenomic epidemiology.
Collapse
|
42
|
Tharmalingam S, Sreetharan S, Kulesza AV, Boreham DR, Tai TC. Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure, Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Programing of Health and Disease. Radiat Res 2017; 188:525-538. [PMID: 28753061 DOI: 10.1667/rr14587.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation exposure from medical diagnostic imaging has greatly increased over the last few decades. Approximately 80% of patients who undergo medical imaging are exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). Although there is widespread consensus regarding the harmful effects of high doses of radiation, the biological effects of low-linear energy transfer (LET) LDIR is not well understood. LDIR is known to promote oxidative stress, however, these levels may not be large enough to result in genomic mutations. There is emerging evidence that oxidative stress causes heritable modifications via epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA regulation). These epigenetic modifications result in permanent cellular transformations without altering the underlying DNA nucleotide sequence. This review summarizes the major concepts in the field of epigenetics with a focus on the effects of low-LET LDIR (<100 mGy) and oxidative stress on epigenetic gene modification. In this review, we show evidence that suggests that LDIR-induced oxidative stress provides a mechanistic link between LDIR and epigenetic gene regulation. We also discuss the potential implication of LDIR exposure during pregnancy where intrauterine fetal development is highly susceptible to oxidative stress-induced epigenetic programing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adomas V Kulesza
- b Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Douglas R Boreham
- a Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada, P3E 2C6.,c Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - T C Tai
- a Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada, P3E 2C6
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The Impact of Environmental Factors in Influencing Epigenetics Related to Oxidative States in the Cardiovascular System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2712751. [PMID: 28607629 PMCID: PMC5457758 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2712751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative states exert a significant influence on a wide range of biological and molecular processes and functions. When their balance is shifted towards enhanced amounts of free radicals, pathological phenomena can occur, as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissue microenvironment or in the systemic circulation can be detrimental. Epidemic chronic diseases of western societies, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes correlate with the imbalance of redox homeostasis. Current advances in our understanding of epigenetics have revealed a parallel scenario showing the influence of oxidative stress as a major regulator of epigenetic gene regulation via modification of DNA methylation, histones, and microRNAs. This has provided both the biological link and a potential molecular explanation between oxidative stress and cardiovascular/metabolic phenomena. Accordingly, in this review, we will provide current insights on the physiological and pathological impact of changes in oxidative states on cardiovascular disorders, by specifically focusing on the influence of epigenetic regulation. A special emphasis will highlight the effect on epigenetic regulation of human's current life habits, external and environmental factors, including food intake, tobacco, air pollution, and antioxidant-based approaches. Additionally, the strategy to quantify oxidative states in humans in order to determine which biological marker could best match a subject's profile will be discussed.
Collapse
|
44
|
Lelièvre SA, Kwok T, Chittiboyina S. Architecture in 3D cell culture: An essential feature for in vitro toxicology. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 45:287-295. [PMID: 28366709 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell culture has the potential to revolutionize toxicology studies by allowing human-based reproduction of essential elements of organs. Beyond the study of toxicants on the most susceptible organs such as liver, kidney, skin, lung, gastrointestinal tract, testis, heart and brain, carcinogenesis research will also greatly benefit from 3D cell culture models representing any normal tissue. No tissue function can be suitably reproduced without the appropriate tissue architecture whether mimicking acini, ducts or tubes, sheets of cells or more complex cellular organizations like hepatic cords. In this review, we illustrate the fundamental characteristics of polarity that is an essential architectural feature of organs for which different 3D cell culture models are available for toxicology studies in vitro. The value of tissue polarity for the development of more accurate carcinogenesis studies is also exemplified, and the concept of using extracellular gradients of gaseous or chemical substances produced with microfluidics in 3D cell culture is discussed. Indeed such gradients-on-a-chip might bring unprecedented information to better determine permissible exposure levels. Finally, the impact of tissue architecture, established via cell-matrix interactions, on the cell nucleus is emphasized in light of the importance in toxicology of morphological and epigenetic alterations of this organelle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Lelièvre
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 201 S University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Tim Kwok
- 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Shirisha Chittiboyina
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Picchi GFA, Zulkievicz V, Krieger MA, Zanchin NT, Goldenberg S, de Godoy LMF. Post-translational Modifications of Trypanosoma cruzi Canonical and Variant Histones. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1167-1179. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Zulkievicz
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz Parana, Curitiba, Paraná 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Marco A. Krieger
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz Parana, Curitiba, Paraná 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Nilson T. Zanchin
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz Parana, Curitiba, Paraná 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Samuel Goldenberg
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz Parana, Curitiba, Paraná 81350-010, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fear, vulnerability and sacrifice: Drivers of emergency department use and implications for policy. Soc Sci Med 2016; 169:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
47
|
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the capacity of cancer cells to adapt to the tumor microenvironment and to anticancer therapies is a major challenge. In this context, cancer is believed to be an evolutionary process where random mutations and the selection process shape the mutational pattern and phenotype of cancer cells. This article challenges the notion of randomness of some cancer-associated mutations by describing molecular mechanisms involving stress-mediated biogenesis of mRNA-derived small RNAs able to target and increase the local mutation rate of the genomic loci they originate from. It is proposed that the probability of some mutations at specific loci could be increased in a stress-specific and RNA-depending manner. This would increase the probability of generating mutations that could alleviate stress situations, such as those triggered by anticancer drugs. Such a mechanism is made possible because tumor- and anticancer drug-associated stress situations trigger both cellular reprogramming and inflammation, which leads cancer cells to express molecular tools allowing them to “attack” and mutate their own genome in an RNA-directed manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Auboeuf
- Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Scott WR, Zhang W, Loh M, Tan ST, Lehne B, Afzal U, Peralta J, Saxena R, Ralhan S, Wander GS, Bozaoglu K, Sanghera DK, Elliott P, Scott J, Chambers JC, Kooner JS. Investigation of Genetic Variation Underlying Central Obesity amongst South Asians. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155478. [PMID: 27195708 PMCID: PMC4873263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
South Asians are 1/4 of the world's population and have increased susceptibility to central obesity and related cardiometabolic disease. Knowledge of genetic variants affecting risk of central obesity is largely based on genome-wide association studies of common SNPs in Europeans. To evaluate the contribution of DNA sequence variation to the higher levels of central obesity (defined as waist hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, WHR) among South Asians compared to Europeans we carried out: i) a genome-wide association analysis of >6M genetic variants in 10,318 South Asians with focused analysis of population-specific SNPs; ii) an exome-wide association analysis of ~250K SNPs in protein-coding regions in 2,637 South Asians; iii) a comparison of risk allele frequencies and effect sizes of 48 known WHR SNPs in 12,240 South Asians compared to Europeans. In genome-wide analyses, we found no novel associations between common genetic variants and WHR in South Asians at P<5x10-8; variants showing equivocal association with WHR (P<1x10-5) did not replicate at P<0.05 in an independent cohort of South Asians (N = 1,922) or in published, predominantly European meta-analysis data. In the targeted analyses of 122,391 population-specific SNPs we also found no associations with WHR in South Asians at P<0.05 after multiple testing correction. Exome-wide analyses showed no new associations between genetic variants and WHR in South Asians, either individually at P<1.5x10-6 or grouped by gene locus at P<2.5x10-6. At known WHR loci, risk allele frequencies were not higher in South Asians compared to Europeans (P = 0.77), while effect sizes were unexpectedly smaller in South Asians than Europeans (P<5.0x10-8). Our findings argue against an important contribution for population-specific or cosmopolitan genetic variants underlying the increased risk of central obesity in South Asians compared to Europeans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William R. Scott
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Loh
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sian-Tsung Tan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Uzma Afzal
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Peralta
- Genomics Computer Centre, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas at the Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richa Saxena
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Sarju Ralhan
- Hero DMC Heart Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | - Kiymet Bozaoglu
- Genomics and Systems Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Dharambir K. Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Paul Elliott
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C. Chambers
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Munari E, Chaux A, Vaghasia AM, Taheri D, Karram S, Bezerra SM, Gonzalez Roibon N, Nelson WG, Yegnasubramanian S, Netto GJ, Haffner MC. Global 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Levels Are Profoundly Reduced in Multiple Genitourinary Malignancies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146302. [PMID: 26785262 PMCID: PMC4718593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are characterized by a plethora of epigenetic changes. In particular, patterns methylation of cytosines at the 5-position (5mC) in the context of CpGs are frequently altered in tumors. Recent evidence suggests that 5mC can get converted to 5-hydroxylmethylcytosine (5hmC) in an enzymatic process involving ten eleven translocation (TET) protein family members, and this process appears to be important in facilitating plasticity of cytosine methylation. Here we evaluated the global levels of 5hmC using a validated immunohistochemical staining method in a large series of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (n = 111), urothelial cell carcinoma (n = 55) and testicular germ cell tumors (n = 84) and matched adjacent benign tissues. Whereas tumor-adjacent benign tissues were mostly characterized by high levels of 5hmC, renal cell carcinoma and urothelial cell carcinoma showed dramatically reduced staining for 5hmC. 5hmC levels were low in both primary tumors and metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and showed no association with disease outcomes. In normal testis, robust 5hmC staining was only observed in stroma and Sertoli cells. Seminoma showed greatly reduced 5hmC immunolabeling, whereas differentiated teratoma, embryonal and yolk sack tumors exhibited high 5hmC levels. The substantial tumor specific loss of 5hmC, particularly in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and urothelial cell carcinoma, suggests that alterations in pathways involved in establishing and maintaining 5hmC levels might be very common in cancer and could potentially be exploited for diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Department of Scientific Research, Norte University; Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC) Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Ajay M. Vaghasia
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sarah Karram
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Stephania M. Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Nilda Gonzalez Roibon
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - George J. Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCH); (GJN)
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCH); (GJN)
| |
Collapse
|