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Zhou T, Cai P, Li J, Dan X, Li Z. Pathological variations and immune response in Channa argus infected with pathogenic Nocardia seriolae strain. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109554. [PMID: 38641217 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Nocardia seriolae pathogen causes chronic granulomatous disease, reportedly affecting over 40 species of marine and freshwater cultured fish. Hence, research is required to address and eliminate this significant threat to the aquaculture industry. In this respect, a reliable and reproducible infection model needs to be established to better understand the biology of this pathogen and its interactions with the host during infection, as well as to develop new vaccines or other effective treatment methods. In this study, we examined the pathogenicity of the pathogen and the immune response of snakehead (Channa argus) juvenile to N. seriolae using a range of methods and analyses, including pathogen isolation and identification, histopathology, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis, and determination of the median lethal dose (LD50) and cytokine expression. We have preliminarily established a N. seriolae - C. argus model. According to our morphological and phylogenetic analysis data, the isolated strain was identified as N. seriolae and named NSE01. Eighteen days post-infection of healthy juvenile C. argus with N. seriolae NSE01, the mortality rate in all four experimental groups (intraperitoneally injected with 1 × 105 CFU/mL - 1 × 108 CFU/mL of bacterial suspension) (n = 120) was 100 %. The LD50 of N. seriolae NSE01 for juvenile C. argus was determined to be 1.13 × 106 CFU/fish. Infected juvenile C. argus had significant pathological changes, including visceral tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and the presence of numerous nodules of varying sizes in multiple tissues. Further histopathological examination revealed typical systemic granuloma formation. Additionally, following infection with N. seriolae NSE01, the gene expression of important cytokines, such as Toll-like receptor genes TLR2, TLR13, interleukin-1 receptor genes IL1R1, IL1R2, and interferon regulatory factor IRF2 were significantly upregulated in different tissues, indicating their potential involvement in the host immune response and regulation against N. seriolae. In conclusion, juvenile C. argus can serve as a suitable model for N. seriolae infection. The establishment of this animal model will facilitate the study of the pathogenesis of nocardiosis and the development of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, PR China; College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Ping Cai
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Junwei Li
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Xueming Dan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Zhongsheng Li
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, PR China.
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2
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Gui Z, Al Moussawy M, Sanders SM, Abou-Daya KI. Innate Allorecognition in Transplantation: Ancient Mechanisms With Modern Impact. Transplantation 2024; 108:1524-1531. [PMID: 38049941 PMCID: PMC11188633 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Through the effective targeting of the adaptive immune system, solid organ transplantation became a life-saving therapy for organ failure. However, beyond 1 y of transplantation, there is little improvement in transplant outcomes. The adaptive immune response requires the activation of the innate immune system. There are no modalities for the specific targeting of the innate immune system involvement in transplant rejection. However, the recent discovery of innate allorecognition and innate immune memory presents novel targets in transplantation that will increase our understanding of organ rejection and might aid in improving transplant outcomes. In this review, we look at the latest developments in the study of innate allorecognition and innate immune memory in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Gui
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mouhamad Al Moussawy
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Steven M. Sanders
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Khodor I. Abou-Daya
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Poddar D, Sharma N, Ogino T, Qi X, Kessler PM, Mendries H, Dutta R, Sen GC. The interferon-induced protein, IFIT2, requires RNA-binding activity and neuronal expression to protect mice from intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus infection. mBio 2024:e0056824. [PMID: 38888342 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00568-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The interferon (IFN) system protects mammals from diseases caused by virus infections. IFN synthesis is induced by pattern recognition receptor signaling pathways activated by virus infection. IFN is secreted from the infected cells and acts upon neighboring cells by binding cell surface receptors and triggering induction of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes and proteins, many of which block different steps of virus replication. The IFN-induced tetratricopeptide repeat proteins (IFIT) are a family of RNA-binding proteins. We and others have previously reported that IFIT2 protects mice from many neurotropic RNA viruses; indeed, Ifit2-/- mice are very susceptible to intranasal or subcutaneous infections with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Here, using a newly generated conditional knockout mouse, we report that ablation of Ifit2 expression only in neuronal cells was sufficient to render mice susceptible to neuropathogenesis caused by intranasal, but not subcutaneous, infection of VSV. Another genetically modified mouse line, expressing a mutant IFIT2 that cannot bind RNA, was as susceptible to VSV infection as Ifit2-/- mice. These results demonstrated that IFIT2 RNA-binding activity is essential for protecting mice against neurological diseases caused by intranasal infection of VSV.IMPORTANCEInterferon's (IFN's) antiviral effects are mediated by the proteins encoded by the interferon-stimulated genes. IFN-stimulated genes (IFIT2) is one such protein, which inhibits replication of many RNA viruses in the mouse brain and the resultant neuropathology. Our study sheds light on how IFIT2 works. By ablating Ifit2 expression only in neuronal cells, using a newly generated conditional knockout mouse line, we showed that Ifit2 induction in the neurons of the infected mouse was necessary for antiviral function of interferon. IFIT2 has no known enzyme activity; instead, it functions by binding to cellular or viral proteins or RNAs. We engineered a new mouse line that expressed a mutant IFIT2 that cannot bind RNA. These mice were very susceptible to infection with vesicular stomatitis virus indicating that the RNA-binding property of IFIT2 was essential for its antiviral function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Poddar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tomoaki Ogino
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xu Qi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia M Kessler
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hiran Mendries
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ganes C Sen
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Tang Z, Han Y, Meng Y, Li J, Qiu X, Bajinka O, Wu G, Tan Y. A bioinformatics approach to systematically analyze the molecular patterns of monkeypox virus-host cell interactions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30483. [PMID: 38737277 PMCID: PMC11088324 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox has been spreading worldwide since May 2022, when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a "public health emergency of international concern." The spread of monkeypox has posed a serious threat to the health of people around the world, but few studies have been conducted, and the molecular mechanism of monkeypox after infection remains unclear. We therefore implemented a transcriptome analysis to identify signaling pathways and biomarkers in monkeypox-infected cells to help understand monkeypox-host cell interactions. In this study, datasets GSE36854 and GSE11234 were obtained from GEO. Of these, 84 significantly different genes were identified in the dataset GSE36854, followed by KEGG, GO analysis protein-protein interaction (PPI) construction, and Hub gene extraction. We also analyzed the expression regulation of hub genes and screened for drugs targeting hub genes. The results showed that monkeypox-infected cells significantly activated the cellular immune response. The top 10 hub genes are IER3, IFIT2, IL11, ZC3H12A, EREG, IER2, NFKBIE, FST, IFIT1 and AREG. AP-26113 and itraconazole can be used to counteract the inhibitory effect of monkeypox on IFIT1 and IFIT2 and serve as candidate drugs for the treatment of monkeypox virus infection. IRF1 may also be a transcription factor of IFIT. Our results provide a new entry point for understanding how monkeypox virus interacts with its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Stomatology, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangjie Qiu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ousman Bajinka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- China-Africa Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- China-Africa Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- China-Africa Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
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5
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Hu K, Guo J, Zeng J, Shao Y, Wu B, Mo J, Mo G. Current state of research on copper complexes in the treatment of breast cancer. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220840. [PMID: 38585632 PMCID: PMC10997149 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a malignancy originating from the epithelium or ductal epithelium of the breast, is not only highly prevalent in women but is also the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Research has indicated that breast cancer incidence is increasing in younger women, prompting significant interest from scientists actively researching breast cancer treatment. Copper is highly accumulated in breast cancer cells, leading to the development of copper complexes that cause immunogenic cell death, apoptosis, oxidative stress, redox-mediated cell death, and autophagy by regulating the expression of key cell death proteins or assisting in the onset of cell death. However, they have not yet been applied to clinical therapy due to their solubility in physiological buffers and their different and unpredictable mechanisms of action. Herein, we review existing relevant studies, summarize the detailed mechanisms by which they exert anti-breast cancer effects, and propose a potential mechanism by which copper complexes may exert antitumor effects by causing copper death in breast cancer cells. Since copper death in breast cancer is closely related to prognosis and immune infiltration, further copper complex research may provide an opportunity to mitigate the high incidence and mortality rates associated with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Jingna Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Jiemin Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Yunhao Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Binhua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Jian Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Guixi Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
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6
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Shi Y, Bashian EE, Hou Y, Wu P. Chemical immunology: Recent advances in tool development and applications. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:S2451-9456(24)00080-1. [PMID: 38508196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Immunology was one of the first biological fields to embrace chemical approaches. The development of new chemical approaches and techniques has provided immunologists with an impressive arsenal of tools to address challenges once considered insurmountable. This review focuses on advances at the interface of chemistry and immunobiology over the past two decades that have not only opened new avenues in basic immunological research, but also revolutionized drug development for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. These include chemical approaches to understand and manipulate antigen presentation and the T cell priming process, to facilitate immune cell trafficking and regulate immune cell functions, and therapeutic applications of chemical approaches to disease control and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eleanor E Bashian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yingqin Hou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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7
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Lu J, Liu X, Li X, Li H, Shi L, Xia X, He BL, Meyer TF, Li X, Sun H, Yang X. Copper regulates the host innate immune response against bacterial infection via activation of ALPK1 kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311630121. [PMID: 38232278 PMCID: PMC10823219 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311630121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element for the human body, and its requirement for optimistic immune functions has been recognized for decades. How copper is involved in the innate immune pathway, however, remains to be clarified. Here, we report that copper serves as a signal molecule to regulate the kinase activity of alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor (PRR), and therefore promotes host cell defense against bacterial infection. We show that in response to infection, host cells actively accumulate copper in the cytosol, and the accumulated cytosolic copper enhances host cell defense against evading pathogens, including intracellular and, unexpectedly, extracellular bacteria. Subsequently, we demonstrate that copper activates the innate immune pathway of host cells in an ALPK1-dependent manner. Further mechanistic studies reveal that copper binds to ALPK1 directly and is essential for the kinase activity of this cytosolic PRR. Moreover, the binding of copper to ALPK1 enhances the sensitivity of ALPK1 to the bacterial metabolite ADP-heptose and eventually prompts host cells to elicit an enhanced immune response during bacterial infection. Finally, using a zebrafish in vivo model, we show that a copper-treated host shows an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, enhanced recruitment of phagosome cells, and promoted bacterial clearance. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of copper in the modulation of host innate immune response against bacterial pathogens and advance our knowledge on the cross talk between cytosolic copper homeostasis and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Liwa Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Bai-liang He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Thomas F. Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin10117, Germany
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrecht’s University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
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Volovat SR, Scripcariu DV, Vasilache IA, Stolniceanu CR, Volovat C, Augustin IG, Volovat CC, Ostafe MR, Andreea-Voichița SG, Bejusca-Vieriu T, Lungulescu CV, Sur D, Boboc D. Oncolytic Virotherapy: A New Paradigm in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1180. [PMID: 38256250 PMCID: PMC10816814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potential treatment options for cancer. Natural and genetically engineered viruses exhibit various antitumor mechanisms. OVs act by direct cytolysis, the potentiation of the immune system through antigen release, and the activation of inflammatory responses or indirectly by interference with different types of elements in the tumor microenvironment, modification of energy metabolism in tumor cells, and antiangiogenic action. The action of OVs is pleiotropic, and they show varied interactions with the host and tumor cells. An important impediment in oncolytic virotherapy is the journey of the virus into the tumor cells and the possibility of its binding to different biological and nonbiological vectors. OVs have been demonstrated to eliminate cancer cells that are resistant to standard treatments in many clinical trials for various cancers (melanoma, lung, and hepatic); however, there are several elements of resistance to the action of viruses per se. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the combination of OVs with other standard treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and cellular therapies, to increase the response rate. This review provides a comprehensive update on OVs, their use in oncolytic virotherapy, and the future prospects of this therapy alongside the standard therapies currently used in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Dragos Viorel Scripcariu
- Department of Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ingrid Andrada Vasilache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics—Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | | | | | - Madalina-Raluca Ostafe
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Slevoacă-Grigore Andreea-Voichița
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | - Toni Bejusca-Vieriu
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
| | | | - Daniel Sur
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Diana Boboc
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.R.V.); (M.-R.O.); (S.-G.A.-V.); (T.B.-V.)
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9
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Huang J, Duan F, Xie C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Tang YP, Leung ELH. Microbes mediated immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:128-142. [PMID: 37553793 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is one of the 12 distinct cell death forms, which can trigger immune system to fight against cancer cells. During ICD, a number of cellular changes occur that can stimulate an immune response, including the release of molecules called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), signaling to immune cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. By virtue of their pivotal role in immune surveillance, ICD-based drug development has been a new approach to explore novel therapeutic combinations and personalized strategies in cancer therapy. Several small molecules and microbes can induce ICD-relevant signals and cause cancer cell death. In this review, we highlighted the role of microbe-mediate ICD in cancer immunotherapy and described the mechanisms through which microbes might serve as ICD inducers in cancer treatment. We also discussed current attempts to combine microbes with chemotherapy regimens or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of cancer patients. We surmise that manipulation of microbes may guide personalized therapeutic interventions to facilitate anticancer immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Huang
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Fugang Duan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yizhong Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau (SAR), China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
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10
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Granata S, La Russa D, Stallone G, Perri A, Zaza G. Inflammasome pathway in kidney transplantation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1303110. [PMID: 38020086 PMCID: PMC10663322 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1303110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the best available renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease and is associated with better quality of life and patient survival compared with dialysis. However, despite the significant technical and pharmaceutical advances in this field, kidney transplant recipients are still characterized by reduced long-term graft survival. In fact, almost half of the patients lose their allograft after 15-20 years. Most of the conditions leading to graft loss are triggered by the activation of a large immune-inflammatory machinery. In this context, several inflammatory markers have been identified, and the deregulation of the inflammasome (NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRC4, AIM2), a multiprotein complex activated by either whole pathogens (including fungi, bacteria, and viruses) or host-derived molecules, seems to play a pivotal pathogenetic role. However, the biological mechanisms leading to inflammasome activation in patients developing post-transplant complications (including, ischemia-reperfusion injury, rejections, infections) are still largely unrecognized, and only a few research reports, reviewed in this manuscript, have addressed the association between abnormal activation of this pathway and the onset/development of major clinical effects. Finally, the regulation of the inflammasome machinery could represent in future a valuable therapeutic target in kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Granata
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniele La Russa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Yang C, Shu J, Miao Y, Liu X, Zheng T, Hou R, Xiao J, Feng H. TRIM25 negatively regulates IKKε-mediated interferon signaling in black carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109095. [PMID: 37730077 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
IKKε plays an important role in the activation of IRF3/IRF7 and the production of interferon (IFN), however, its regulation remains obscure in human. E3 ligase TRIM25 has been reported to manipulate the K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I, leading to the activation of RIG-I/IFN signaling. To elucidate the role of TRIM25 in teleost, a TRIM25 homolog (bcTRIM25) was cloned and characterized from black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus). bcTRIM25 contains 653 amino acids, possessing conservative RING, B-box and SPRY domain, which is highly expressed in muscle, spleen and skin. bcTRIM25 knock-down enhanced the antiviral ability of host cells. bcTRIM25 over-expression alone in EPC cells attenuated bcIFNa promoter transcription in the reporter assays and impeded PKR and MX1 expression in qRT-PCR. Interestingly, co-IP assays indicated that bcTRIM25 interacted with bcIKKε and the induced bcIFNa promoter transcription by bcIKKε was notably hindered by bcTRIM25. Furthermore, bcIKKε-induced expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and antiviral activity were dampened by bcTRIM25. Further exploration showed that bcTRIM25 visibly enhanced the ubiquitination of bcIKKε but significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of bcIKKε. Thus, our data demonstrate for the first time in vertebrate that TRIM25 negatively regulates IKKε through enhancing its ubiquitination, which sheds a light on the regulation of IKKε/IFN signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Juanjuan Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yujia Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Tianle Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ruixin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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12
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Liu J, He Y, Miao Y, Dai C, Yan J, Liu M, Zou J, Feng H. The phenylalanine-28 is crucial for black carp RIG-I mediated antiviral signaling. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 148:104917. [PMID: 37591364 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) functions as a cytosolic sensor to recognize RNA products of the invading microorganisms and induce the production of type I interferons(IFNs). In this study, two RIG-I variants, named as bcRIG-Ia and bcRIG-Ib, were characterized in black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) respectively. RNA pull-down assay revealed that both bcRIG-Ia and bcRIG-Ib could bind to synthetic poly(I:C) and the RD domain was crucial for RNA binding of these two molecules. However, over-expression of bcRIG-Ib, but not bcRIG-Ia, induced the transcription of IFN promoter, and led to the improved antiviral activity against both spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) and grass carp reovirus (GCRV). And knockdown of bcRIG-I dampened the transcription of bcViperin and bcIFNb in host cells. Truncation mutation and site mutation analysis identified that phenylalanine (F)- 28 was crucial for bcRIG-Ib oligomerization and its mediated IFN signaling. Interestingly, F28 was conserved among teleost RIG-Is and site mutation analysis revealed that F28 was essential for RIG-I mediated IFN signaling in the cyprinid fish. Thus, our study concludes that F28 is crucial for black carp RIG-I mediated antiviral signaling and suggests F28 is also essential for the activation of IFN signaling by RIG-Is from other teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yixuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yujia Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Chushan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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13
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Liang R, Li F, Chen X, Tan F, Lan T, Yang J, Liao J, Yang Y, Liu N. Multimodal Imaging-Guided Strategy for Developing 177Lu-Labeled Metal-Organic Framework Nanomedicine with Potential in Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45713-45724. [PMID: 37738473 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Nano-metal-organic frameworks (nano-MOFs) labeled with radionuclides have shown great potential in the anticancer field. In this work, we proposed to combine fluorescence imaging (FI) with nuclear imaging to systematically evaluate the tumor inhibition of new nanomedicines from living cancer cells to the whole body, guiding the design and application of a high-performance anticancer radiopharmaceutical to glioma. An Fe-based nano-MOF vector, MIL-101(Fe)/PEG-FA, was decorated with fluorescent sulfo-cyanine7 (Cy7) to investigate the binding affinity of the targeting nanocarriers toward glioma cells in vitro, as well as possible administration modes for in vivo cancer therapy. Then, lutetium-177 (177Lu)-labeled MIL-101(Fe)/PEG-FA was prepared for high-sensitive imaging and targeted radiotherapy of glioma in vivo. It has been demonstrated that the obtained 177Lu-labeled MIL-101(Fe)/PEG-FA can work as a complementary probe to rectify the cancer binding affinity of the prepared nanocarrier given by fluorescence imaging, providing more precise biodistribution information. Besides, 177Lu-labeled MIL-101(Fe)/PEG-FA has excellent antitumor effect, leading to cell proliferation inhibition, upregulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, tumor growth suppression, and immune response-related protein and cytokine upregulation. This work reveals that optical imaging and nuclear imaging can work complementarily as multimodal imaging in the design and evaluation of anticancer nanomedicine, offering a MIL-101(Fe)/PEG-FA-based pharmaceutical with potential in tumor endoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranxi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Feize Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xijian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Fuyuan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Tu Lan
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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14
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Abo-Samaha MI, Sharaf MM, El-Nahas AF, Odemuyiwa SO. Length-Dependent Modulation of B Cell Activating Factor Transcripts in Chicken Macrophage by Viral Double-Stranded RNA. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1561. [PMID: 37896964 PMCID: PMC10611291 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) interacts with Retinoic-acid-inducible-gene-1 (RIG-1)-like receptors (RLRs) to induce type 1 interferons. Melanoma-derived-antigen-5 (MDA-5), an RLR, but not RIG-1, is found in chickens. Ducks express both RIG-1 and MDA-5, a possible cause of differences in susceptibility to influenza virus infection between chickens and ducks. Using the HD11 chicken macrophage cell line and an RT2 Profiler PCR-array system, we showed that high-molecular-weight poly(I:C), HMW-poly(I:C), upregulates CCL4, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 mRNA transcripts. HMW-poly(I:C), an in vitro surrogate of long dsRNA species, also induces the upregulation of IL-12B and B cell activating factor (BAFF). Conversely, low-molecular-weight poly(I:C), LMW-poly(I:C) did not induce a distinct cytokine expression pattern. Nonetheless, co-transfection of LMW and HMW-poly(I:C) significantly reduced the upregulation of IL12B and BAFF by HMW-poly(I:C). These findings support previous studies that found no expression of RIG-1, a receptor for short dsRNA species, in chicken cells. Surprisingly, however, our data suggested that in the absence of RIG-1 in chicken macrophages, short dsRNA species may inhibit macrophage-mediated B cell development and survival by modulating the expression of BAFF without significantly reducing type 1 interferon response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda I. Abo-Samaha
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36830, USA;
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 5410012, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (A.F.E.-N.)
| | - Mohammed M. Sharaf
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 5410012, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (A.F.E.-N.)
| | - Abeer F. El-Nahas
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 5410012, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (A.F.E.-N.)
| | - Solomon O. Odemuyiwa
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36830, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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15
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Ying J, Hong H, Yu C, Jiang M, Ding D. Identification of TLRs as potential prognostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34954. [PMID: 37746997 PMCID: PMC10519552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common tumors with the highest cancer-related death rate worldwide. Early diagnosis of LUAD can improve survival. Abnormal expression of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is related to tumorigenesis and development, inflammation and immune infiltration. However, the role of TLRs as an immunotherapy target and prognostic marker in lung adenocarcinoma is not well understood and needs to be analyzed. Relevant data obtained from databases such as ONCOMINE, UALCAN, GEPIA, and the Kaplan-Meier plotter, GSCALite, GeneMANIA, DAVID 6.8, Metascape, LinkedOmics and TIMER, to compare transcriptional TLRs and survival data of patients with LUAD. The expression levels of TLR1/2/3/4/5/7/8 in LUAD tissues were significantly reduced while the expression levels of TLR6/9/10 were significantly elevated. LUAD patients having low expression of TLR1/2/3/5/8 and high expression of TLR9 had a poor overall survival while patients with low expression of TLR2/3/7 presented with worse first progress. TLR4, TLR7 and TLR8 are the 3 most frequently mutated genes in the TLR family. Correlation suggested a low to moderate correlation among TLR family. TLR family was also involved in the activation or inhibition of the famous cancer related pathways. Analysis of immune infiltrates analysis suggested that TLR1/2/7/8 levels significantly correlated with immune infiltration level. Enrichment analysis revealed that TLRs were involved in TLR signaling pathway, immune response, inflammatory response, primary immunodeficiency, regulation of IL-8 production and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Our results provided information on TLRs expression and potential regulatory networks in LUAD. Moreover, our results suggested TLR2/7/8 as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ying
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, China
| | - Haihua Hong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaoqun Yu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Maofen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The People’s Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongxiao Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, China
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16
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Li XW, Yuan SC, Wang M, Su ZH, Zhao M, Li T, Zhang XM, Xue W, Li WH. Rosmarinic acid ameliorates autoimmune responses through suppression of intracellular nucleic acid-mediated type I interferon expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 673:73-80. [PMID: 37364388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of intracellular nucleic acids is a vital step for host to mount prompt immune responses against microbial pathogens. However, inappropriate response to self-nucleic acids leads to sustained type I interferon (IFN) production, which is implicated in the development of several autoimmune diseases, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). Therefore, effective confinement of intracellular nucleic acid-induced IFN expression is a potential strategy for the treatment of such autoimmune diseases. In this study, we found that rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural compound isolated from rosemary, inhibits intracellular nucleic acid-stimulated IFN expression. Mechanistic investigation revealed that RA binds to both G3BP1 and cGAS, and impairs cGAS activation through disrupting the binding of DNA with cGAS. More importantly, we showed that RA could effectively attenuate the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the well-established cell models for AGS. Thus, our study provides a promising compound for the treatment of autoimmune responses induced by aberrant nucleic acid-sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Sen-Chao Yuan
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Su
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tao Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen Xue
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
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17
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Mohanty S, Harhaj EW. Mechanisms of Innate Immune Sensing of HTLV-1 and Viral Immune Evasion. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050735. [PMID: 37242405 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) was the first identified oncoretrovirus, which infects and establishes a persistent infection in approximately 10-20 million people worldwide. Although only ~5% of infected individuals develop pathologies such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) or a neuroinflammatory disorder termed HTLV-1-asssociated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), asymptomatic carriers are more susceptible to opportunistic infections. Furthermore, ATLL patients are severely immunosuppressed and prone to other malignancies and other infections. The HTLV-1 replication cycle provides ligands, mainly nucleic acids (RNA, RNA/DNA intermediates, ssDNA intermediates, and dsDNA), that are sensed by different pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to trigger immune responses. However, the mechanisms of innate immune detection and immune responses to HTLV-1 infection are not well understood. In this review, we highlight the functional roles of different immune sensors in recognizing HTLV-1 infection in multiple cell types and the antiviral roles of host restriction factors in limiting persistent infection of HTLV-1. We also provide a comprehensive overview of intricate strategies employed by HTLV-1 to subvert the host innate immune response that may contribute to the development of HTLV-1-associated diseases. A more detailed understanding of HTLV-1-host pathogen interactions may inform novel strategies for HTLV-1 antivirals, vaccines, and treatments for ATLL or HAM/TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Edward W Harhaj
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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18
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Mantovani S, Oliviero B, Varchetta S, Renieri A, Mondelli MU. TLRs: Innate Immune Sentries against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098065. [PMID: 37175768 PMCID: PMC10178469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been responsible for a devastating pandemic since March 2020. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), crucial components in the initiation of innate immune responses to different pathogens, trigger the downstream production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interferons, and other mediators. It has been demonstrated that they contribute to the dysregulated immune response observed in patients with severe COVID-19. TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 have been associated with COVID-19 severity. Here, we review the role of TLRs in the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19, including TLR7 and TLR3 rare variants, the L412F polymorphism in TLR3 that negatively regulates anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses, the TLR3-related cellular senescence, the interaction of TLR2 and TLR4 with SARS-CoV-2 proteins and implication of TLR2 in NET formation by SARS-CoV-2. The activation of TLRs contributes to viral clearance and disease resolution. However, TLRs may represent a double-edged sword which may elicit dysregulated immune signaling, leading to the production of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in severe disease. TLR-dependent excessive inflammation and TLR-dependent antiviral response may tip the balance towards the former or the latter, altering the equilibrium that drives the severity of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mantovani
- Department of Research, Division of Clinical Immunology-Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Oliviero
- Department of Research, Division of Clinical Immunology-Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Varchetta
- Department of Research, Division of Clinical Immunology-Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mario U Mondelli
- Department of Research, Division of Clinical Immunology-Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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19
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Doğan G, Karagenç N, Esmen K, Kul BÇ, Yeşilkaya H, Akgün Ş, Orman MN, Sandıkçı M, Eren Ü, Ünsal H, Karagenç L. Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in the Lung Tissue of Mouse Fetuses Generated by in vitro Embryo Culture and Embryo Transfer. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 213:181-202. [PMID: 37105136 DOI: 10.1159/000529974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse fetuses generated by in vitro embryo culture and embryo transfer exhibit impaired lung development, altered composition of pulmonary epithelial cells associated with downregulation of several genes involved in lung development and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. The aims of the present study were to determine the expression of all TLRs and to examine if the expression of TLRs, along with genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, is altered in the lung tissue of mouse fetuses generated through embryo culture and embryo transfer. Two experimental (EGs) and one control (CG) group were included in the study. Embryos cultured at 5% CO2-95% air for 95 h or less than 24 h were transferred to pseudo-pregnant females to obtain fetuses comprising EGin vitro (n = 18) and EGin vivo (n = 18), respectively. Fetuses obtained from naturally ovulating females on day 18 of pregnancy served as the CG (n = 18). Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression of TLR proteins. The expression of transcripts encoding TLRs, and the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway (Lbp, Pik3r1, Pik3cb, Nfkbia, and Fos), was determined using qRT-PCR. While all TLRs were expressed by cells lining the bronchial/bronchiolar epithelium of lung tissues in all groups, some of the TLRs were expressed in a specific pattern. When compared to CG, the expression of transcripts encoding TLR-2, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8, -9, -12, -13, Lbp, Pik3r1, Pik3cb, Nfkbia, and Fos was significantly downregulated in both EGs. It appears that stress imposed on embryos at preimplantation stages of development is associated with downregulation of TLRs, along with some of the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, in the lung tissue during the perinatal period. It remains to be determined if downregulation of TLRs, along with the genes involved in TLR signaling pathway, has any functional consequences in the adult lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksel Doğan
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Nedim Karagenç
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Kerem Esmen
- Department of Medical, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bengi Çınar Kul
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yeşilkaya
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Şakir Akgün
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nurullah Orman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sandıkçı
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ülker Eren
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Hümeyra Ünsal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Levent Karagenç
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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20
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Xiao J, Zhong H, Feng H. Post-translational modifications and regulations of RLR signaling molecules in cytokines-mediated response in fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:104631. [PMID: 36608898 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Teleosts rely on innate immunity to recognize and defense against pathogenic microorganisms. RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) family is the major pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to detect RNA viruses. After recognition of viral RNA components, these cytosolic sensors activate downstream signaling cascades to induce the expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and other cytokines firing antiviral responses. Meanwhile, numerous molecules take part in the complex regulation of RLR signals by various methods, such as post-translational modification (PTM), to produce an immune response that is appropriately balanced. In this review, we summarize our recent understanding of PTMs and other regulatory proteins in modulating RLR signaling pathway, which is helpful for systematically studying the regulatory mechanism of antiviral innate immunity of teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Huijuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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21
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Wu Y, Wang Q, Li M, Lao J, Tang H, Ming S, Wu M, Gong S, Li L, Liu L, Huang X. SLAMF7 regulates the inflammatory response in macrophages during polymicrobial sepsis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:150224. [PMID: 36749634 PMCID: PMC10014109 DOI: 10.1172/jci150224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation occurred in sepsis results in multiple organ injuries and shock, which contributes to the death of patients with sepsis. However, the regulatory mechanisms that restrict excessive inflammation are still elusive. Here, we identified an Ig-like receptor called signaling lymphocyte activation molecular family 7 (SLAMF7) as a key suppressor of inflammation during sepsis. We found that the expression of SLAMF7 on monocytes/macrophages was significantly elevated in patients with sepsis and in septic mice. SLAMF7 attenuated TLR-dependent MAPK and NF-κB signaling activation in macrophages by cooperating with Src homology 2-containing inositol-5'‑phosphatase 1 (SHIP1). Furthermore, SLAMF7 interacted with SHIP1 and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to inhibit K63 ubiquitination of TRAF6. In addition, we found that tyrosine phosphorylation sites within the intracellular domain of SLAMF7 and the phosphatase domain of SHIP1 were indispensable for the interaction between SLAMF7, SHIP1, and TRAF6 and SLAMF7-mediated modulation of cytokine production. Finally, we demonstrated that SLAMF7 protected against lethal sepsis and endotoxemia by downregulating macrophage proinflammatory cytokines and suppressing inflammation-induced organ damage. Taken together, our findings reveal a negative regulatory role of SLAMF7 in polymicrobial sepsis, thus providing sights into the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Wu
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiaohua Wang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miao Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juanfeng Lao
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huishu Tang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqi Ming
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Linhai Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.,The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province, China
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22
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Hou J, Hao W, Chang Li M, Gan Z, Chen SN, Lu YS, Xia LQ. Identification and characterization of two long-type peptidoglycan recognition proteins, PGRP-L1 and PGRP-L2, in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108580. [PMID: 36796596 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) play an important role in innate immunity by recognizing components of pathogenic bacteria (such as peptidoglycan, PGN) and are evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in both invertebrates and vertebrates. In the present study, two long-type PGRPs (designed as Eco-PGRP-L1 and Eco-PGRP-L2) were identified in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), which is a major economic species cultured in Asia. The predicted protein sequences of both Eco-PGRP-L1 and Eco-PGRP-L2 contain a typical PGRP domain. Eco-PGRP-L1 and Eco-PGRP-L2 exhibited organ/tissue-specific expression patterns. An abundant expression of Eco-PGRP-L1 was observed in pyloric caecum, stomach and gill, whereas a highest expression level of Eco-PGRP-L2 was found in head kidney, spleen, skin and heart. In addition, Eco-PGRP-L1 is distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus, while Eco-PGRP-L2 is mainly localized in cytoplasm. Both Eco-PGRP-L1 and Eco-PGRP-L2 were induced following the stimulation of PGN and have PGN binding activity. In addition, functional analysis revealed that Eco-PGRP-L1 and Eco-PGRP-L2 possess antibacterial activity against Edwardsiella tarda. These results may contribute to understand the innate immune system of orange-spotted grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Hao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Min Chang Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi Shan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Qun Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Mitochondrial DNA in cell death and inflammation. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:457-472. [PMID: 36815695 PMCID: PMC9988000 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic DNA is recognized by the innate immune system as a potential threat. During apoptotic cell death, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release activates the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) to promote a pro-inflammatory type I interferon response. Inflammation following mtDNA release during apoptotic cell death can be exploited to engage anti-tumor immunity and represents a potential avenue for cancer therapy. Additionally, various studies have described leakage of mtDNA, independent of cell death, with different underlying cues such as pathogenic infections, changes in mtDNA packaging, mtDNA stress or reduced mitochondrial clearance. The interferon response in these scenarios can be beneficial but also potentially disadvantageous, as suggested by a variety of disease phenotypes. In this review, we discuss mechanisms underlying mtDNA release governed by cell death pathways and summarize release mechanisms independent of cell death. We further highlight the similarities and differences in mtDNA release pathways, outlining gaps in our knowledge and questions for further research. Together, a deeper understanding of how and when mtDNA is released may enable the development of drugs to specifically target or inhibit mtDNA release in different disease settings.
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24
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Zhao R, Wang W, Pan L, Lv X, He Y, Lian W, Ma Y, Zhang X, Yu R, Zhao S, Guo X, Huang T, Peng M. The prognostic value and response to immunotherapy of immunogenic cell death-associated genes in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1047973. [PMID: 36845750 PMCID: PMC9948621 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1047973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) remains the most prevalent cancer worldwide and the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been discovered to exert a wide influence on the overall survival and therapeutic response. Numerous lines of evidence reported that the effects of immunotherapy of BRCA were manipulated by TME. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that is capable of fueling adaptive immune responses and aberrant expression of ICD-related genes (ICDRGs) can govern the TME system by emitting danger signals or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In the current study, we obtained 34 key ICDRGs in BRCA. Subsequently, using the transcriptome data of BRCA from the TCGA database, we constructed a risk signature based on 6 vital ICDRGs, which had a good performance in predicting the overall survival of BRCA patients. We also examined the efficacy of our risk signature in the validation dataset (GSE20711) in the GEO database and it performed excellently. According to the risk model, patients with BRCA were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Also, the unique immune characteristics and TME between the two subgroups and 10 promising small molecule drugs targeting BRCA patients with different ICDRGs risk have been investigated. The low-risk group had good immunity indicated by T cell infiltration and high immune checkpoint expression. Moreover, the BRCA samples could be divided into three immune subtypes according to immune response severity (ISA, ISB, and ISC). ISA and ISB predominated in the low-risk group and patients in the low-risk group exhibited a more vigorous immune response. In conclusion, we developed an ICDRGs-based risk signature that can predict the prognosis of BRCA patients and offer a novel therapeutic strategy for immunotherapy, which would be of great significance in the BRCA clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenkang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Pan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuefeng Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Mini-Invasive Spinal Surgery, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenping Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yajie Ma
- Department of Medical Affair, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Affair, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruijing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaona Guo
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Mengle Peng, ; Tao Huang,
| | - Mengle Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Mengle Peng, ; Tao Huang,
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25
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RBP-RNA interactions in the control of autoimmunity and autoinflammation. Cell Res 2023; 33:97-115. [PMID: 36599968 PMCID: PMC9892603 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity and autoinflammation arise from aberrant immunological and inflammatory responses toward self-components, contributing to various autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for immune cell development and function, mainly via exerting post-transcriptional regulation of RNA metabolism and function. Functional dysregulation of RBPs and abnormities in RNA metabolism are closely associated with multiple autoimmune or autoinflammatory disorders. Distinct RBPs play critical roles in aberrant autoreactive inflammatory responses via orchestrating a complex regulatory network consisting of DNAs, RNAs and proteins within immune cells. In-depth characterizations of RBP-RNA interactomes during autoimmunity and autoinflammation will lead to a better understanding of autoimmune pathogenesis and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize and discuss the functions of RBP-RNA interactions in controlling aberrant autoimmune inflammation and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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26
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Potential health risks of mRNA-based vaccine therapy: A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2023; 171:111015. [PMID: 36718314 PMCID: PMC9876036 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic applications of synthetic mRNA were proposed more than 30 years ago, and are currently the basis of one of the vaccine platforms used at a massive scale as part of the public health strategy to get COVID-19 under control. To date, there are no published studies on the biodistribution, cellular uptake, endosomal escape, translation rates, functional half-life and inactivation kinetics of synthetic mRNA, rates and duration of vaccine-induced antigen expression in different cell types. Furthermore, despite the assumption that there is no possibility of genomic integration of therapeutic synthetic mRNA, only one recent study has examined interactions between vaccine mRNA and the genome of transfected cells, and reported that an endogenous retrotransposon, LINE-1 is unsilenced following mRNA entry to the cell, leading to reverse transcription of full length vaccine mRNA sequences, and nuclear entry. This finding should be a major safety concern, given the possibility of synthetic mRNA-driven epigenetic and genomic modifications arising. We propose that in susceptible individuals, cytosolic clearance of nucleotide modified synthetic (nms-mRNAs) is impeded. Sustained presence of nms-mRNA in the cytoplasm deregulates and activates endogenous transposable elements (TEs), causing some of the mRNA copies to be reverse transcribed. The cytosolic accumulation of the nms-mRNA and the reverse transcribed cDNA molecules activates RNA and DNA sensory pathways. Their concurrent activation initiates a synchronized innate response against non-self nucleic acids, prompting type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine production which, if unregulated, leads to autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions, while activated TEs increase the risk of insertional mutagenesis of the reverse transcribed molecules, which can disrupt coding regions, enhance the risk of mutations in tumour suppressor genes, and lead to sustained DNA damage. Susceptible individuals would then expectedly have an increased risk of DNA damage, chronic autoinflammation, autoimmunity and cancer. In light of the current mass administration of nms-mRNA vaccines, it is essential and urgent to fully understand the intracellular cascades initiated by cellular uptake of synthetic mRNA and the consequences of these molecular events.
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27
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Palanivelu L, Liu CH, Lin LT. Immunogenic cell death: The cornerstone of oncolytic viro-immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1038226. [PMID: 36755812 PMCID: PMC9899992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is one of the leading global health concerns, causing nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. While classical chemotherapeutics produce strong cytotoxicity on cancer cells, they carry limitations of drug resistance and off-target effects and sometimes fail to elicit adequate antitumor protection against tumor relapse. Additionally, most cancer cells have developed various ways to escape immune surveillance. Nevertheless, novel anticancer strategies such as oncolytic viro-immunotherapy can trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD), which can quickly grasp the attention of the host defense machinery, resulting in an ensuing antitumor immune response. Specifically, oncolytic viruses (OVs) can infect and destroy targeted cancer cells and stimulate the immune system by exposing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote inflammatory reactions, and concomitantly prime and induce antitumor immunity by the release of neoantigens from the damaged cancer cells. Thus, OVs can serve as a novel system to sensitize tumor cells for promising immunotherapies. This review discusses the concept of ICD in cancer, centralizing ICD-associated danger signals and their consequence in antitumor responses and ICD induced by OVs. We also shed light on the potential strategies to enhance the immunogenicity of OVs, including the use of genetically modified OVs and their combination with ICD-enhancing agents, which are helpful as forthcoming anticancer regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Palanivelu
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Liang-Tzung Lin,
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28
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Andrade CBV, Lopes LVA, Ortiga-Carvalho TM, Matthews SG, Bloise E. Infection and disruption of placental multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters: Implications for fetal drug exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 459:116344. [PMID: 36526072 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp, encoded by the ABCB1 gene) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) are efflux multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters localized at the syncytiotrophoblast barrier of the placenta and protect the conceptus from drug and toxin exposure throughout pregnancy. Infection is an important modulator of MDR expression and function. This review comprehensively examines the effect of infection on the MDR transporters, P-gp and BCRP in the placenta. Infection PAMPs such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and viral polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and single-stranded (ss)RNA, as well as infection with Zika virus (ZIKV), Plasmodium berghei ANKA (modeling malaria in pregnancy - MiP) and polymicrobial infection of intrauterine tissues (chorioamnionitis) all modulate placental P-gp and BCRP at the levels of mRNA, protein and or function; with specific responses varying according to gestational age, trophoblast type and species (human vs. mice). Furthermore, we describe the expression and localization profile of Toll-like receptor (TLR) proteins of the innate immune system at the maternal-fetal interface, aiming to better understand how infective agents modulate placental MDR. We also highlight important gaps in the field and propose future research directions. We conclude that alterations in placental MDR expression and function induced by infective agents may not only alter the intrauterine biodistribution of important MDR substrates such as drugs, toxins, hormones, cytokines, chemokines and waste metabolites, but also impact normal placentation and adversely affect pregnancy outcome and maternal/neonatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B V Andrade
- Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Translacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L V A Lopes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - T M Ortiga-Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Translacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S G Matthews
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sinai Health System, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Bloise
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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29
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Harsini S, Rezaei N. Autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818006-8.00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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30
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Leite-Aguiar R, Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R. Noncanonical NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Standard Protocols. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2696:123-134. [PMID: 37578720 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3350-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The canonical activation of multimeric inflammasomes usually occurs through caspase-1 activation, and it is characterized by the presence of extracellular IL-1β and IL-18 or measuring danger signal proteins, such as HMGB1 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or Western blots; these assays differentiate non-cleaved and cleaved forms of these two cytokines (the cleaved form is the mature and active form). Similar techniques can be used to assess noncanonical inflammasome activation. Real-time PCR can measure the relative mRNA expression for a specific gene, whereas Western blots or immunocytochemistry can detect the presence of proteins by binding of specific antibodies to their antigens in biological samples. Moreover, noncanonical inflammasome activation can be evaluated through the cleavage of the amino and the carboxy terminals of one important component, gasdermin D (GSDMD), whose cleavage induces its pyroptotic activity. Thus, the analysis of cleaved GSDMD is an ideal pathway to study the noncanonical inflammasome. ELISA and immunoblot can be performed on cell culture supernatants or cell extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo B Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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31
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Chen Y, He X, Chen Q, He Y, Chen F, Yang C, Wang L. Nanomaterials against intracellular bacterial infection: from drug delivery to intrinsic biofunction. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1197974. [PMID: 37180049 PMCID: PMC10174311 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1197974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fighting intracellular bacteria with strong antibiotics evading remains a long-standing challenge. Responding to and regulating the infectious microenvironment is crucial for treating intracellular infections. Sophisticated nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties exhibit great potential for precise drug delivery towards infection sites, along with modulating infectious microenvironment via their instinct bioactivity. In this review, we first identify the key characters and therapeutic targets of intracellular infection microenvironment. Next, we illustrate how the nanomaterials physicochemical properties, such as size, charge, shape and functionalization affect the interaction between nanomaterials, cells and bacteria. We also introduce the recent progress of nanomaterial-based targeted delivery and controlled release of antibiotics in intracellular infection microenvironment. Notably, we highlight the nanomaterials with unique intrinsic properties, such as metal toxicity and enzyme-like activity for the treatment of intracellular bacteria. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of bioactive nanomaterials in addressing intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics-Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoheng He
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiuhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics-Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangman Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics-Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Wang, ; Chao Yang,
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics-Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Wang, ; Chao Yang,
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Zheng Q, Lin R, Chen Y, Lv Q, Zhang J, Zhai J, Xu W, Wang W. SARS-CoV-2 induces "cytokine storm" hyperinflammatory responses in RA patients through pyroptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1058884. [PMID: 36532040 PMCID: PMC9751040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease that threatens worldwide public health, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune disease. COVID-19 and RA are each strong risk factors for the other, but their molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study aims to investigate the biomarkers between COVID-19 and RA from the mechanism of pyroptosis and find effective disease-targeting drugs. Methods We obtained the common gene shared by COVID-19, RA (GSE55235), and pyroptosis using bioinformatics analysis and then did the principal component analysis(PCA). The Co-genes were evaluated by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and ClueGO for functional enrichment, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built by STRING, and the k-means machine learning algorithm was employed for cluster analysis. Modular analysis utilizing Cytoscape to identify hub genes, functional enrichment analysis with Metascape and GeneMANIA, and NetworkAnalyst for gene-drug prediction. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to identify target drug-related genes intersecting with COVID-19, RA, and pyroptosis to acquire Co-hub genes and construct transcription factor (TF)-hub genes and miRNA-hub genes networks by NetworkAnalyst. The Co-hub genes were validated using GSE55457 and GSE93272 to acquire the Key gene, and their efficacy was assessed using receiver operating curves (ROC); SPEED2 was then used to determine the upstream pathway. Immune cell infiltration was analyzed using CIBERSORT and validated by the HPA database. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and molecular mechanics-generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA) were used to explore and validate drug-gene relationships through computer-aided drug design. Results COVID-19, RA, and pyroptosis-related genes were enriched in pyroptosis and pro-inflammatory pathways(the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex, death-inducing signaling complex, regulation of interleukin production), natural immune pathways (Network map of SARS-CoV-2 signaling pathway, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19-and RA-related cytokine storm pathways (IL, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), TNF signaling pathway and regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling). Of these, CASP1 is the most involved pathway and is closely related to minocycline. YY1, hsa-mir-429, and hsa-mir-34a-5p play an important role in the expression of CASP1. Monocytes are high-caspase-1-expressing sentinel cells. Minocycline can generate a highly stable state for biochemical activity by docking closely with the active region of caspase-1. Conclusions Caspase-1 is a common biomarker for COVID-19, RA, and pyroptosis, and it may be an important mediator of the excessive inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 in RA patients through pyroptosis. Minocycline may counteract cytokine storm inflammation in patients with COVID-19 combined with RA by inhibiting caspase-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcong Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongjie Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Xu, ; Wanming Wang,
| | - Wanming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Xu, ; Wanming Wang,
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Zhang Y, Shen W, Ding J, Gao X, Wu X, Zhu J. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Head Kidney of Aeromonas hydrophila-infected Hypoxia-tolerant and Normal Large Yellow Croaker. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:1039-1054. [PMID: 36129638 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is one of the most economically important marine fish on the southeast coast of China and much of its yield is usually lost by hypoxia. To address this problem and lay a foundation for culturing a new strain of large yellow croaker with hypoxia tolerance, our research group screened a hypoxia-tolerant population of L. crocea. Surprisingly, we also found that hypoxia-tolerant population exhibited higher survival when infected with pathogens compared to the normal population during the farming operation. In order to understand the mechanism underlying the higher survival rate of the hypoxia-tolerant population and enrich the head kidney immune mechanism of L. crocea infected with pathogens, we compared and analyzed the head kidney transcriptome of the hypoxia-tolerant and normal individuals under Aeromonas hydrophila infection. We obtained 159.68 GB high-quality reads, of which more than 87.61% were successfully localized to the reference genome of L. crocea. KEGG analysis revealed differentially expressed genes in the signaling pathways involving immunity, cell growth and death, transport and catabolism, and metabolism. Among these, the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Nod-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, phagosome, apoptosis, and OXPHOS pathways were enriched in both groups after infection compared to before, and were enriched in infected tolerant individuals compared to normal individuals. In addition, we found that the expression of hif1α and its downstream genes were higher in the hypoxia-sensitive group of fish than in the normal group. In conclusion, our results showed some signaling pathways and hub genes, which may participate in A. hydrophila defense in the head kidney of two populations, and may contribute to the higher survival rate in the hypoxia-tolerant population. Overall, these findings increase our understanding of the defense mechanism within the head kidney of L. crocea under A. hydrophila infection, and suggest a preliminary hypothesis for why hypoxia-tolerant individuals may exhibit a higher survival rates after infection. Our study provides scientific evidence for the breeding of a new hypoxia-tolerant strain of L. crocea for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiongfei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Ayariga JA, Ibrahim I, Gildea L, Abugri J, Villafane R. Microbiota in a long survival discourse with the human host. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:5. [PMID: 36441284 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between human health and gut microbiota is becoming more apparent. It is now widely believed that healthy gut flora plays a vital role in the overall well-being of the individual. There are spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of microbes from the esophagus to the rectum throughout an individual's lifetime. Through the development of genome sequencing technologies, scientists have been able to study the interactions between different microorganisms and their hosts to improve the health and disease of individuals. The normal gut microbiota provides various functions to the host, whereas the host, in turn, provides nutrients and promotes the development of healthy and resilient microbiota communities. Thus, the microbiota provides and maintains the gut's structural integrity and protects the gut against pathogens. The development of the normal gut microbiota is influenced by various factors. Some of these include the mode of delivery, diet, and antibiotics. In addition, the environment can also affect the development of the gut microbiota. For example, one of the main concerns of antibiotic use is the alteration of the gut microbiota, which could lead to the development of multidrug-resistant organisms. When microbes are disturbed, it can potentially lead to various diseases. Depending on the species' ability to adapt to the human body's environment, the fate of the microbes in the host and their relationship with the human body are decided. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of microbe, microbes-host immune interactions, and factors that can disturb their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Ayariga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA.
| | - Iddrisu Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
| | - Logan Gildea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
| | - James Abugri
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
| | - Robert Villafane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
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Budniak U, Karolak NK, Kulik M, Młynarczyk K, Górna MW, Dominiak PM. The Role of Electrostatic Interactions in IFIT5-RNA Complexes Predicted by the UBDB+EPMM Method. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9152-9167. [PMID: 36326196 PMCID: PMC9677429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Electrostatic energy has a significant contribution to intermolecular interaction energy, especially in biological systems. Unfortunately, precise quantum mechanics calculations are not feasible for large biological systems; hence, simpler calculation methods are required. We propose a method called UBDB+EPMM (University at Buffalo Pseudoatom DataBank + Exact Potential Multipole Moments), which shortens computational time without losing accuracy. Here, we characterize electrostatic interactions in selected complexes of IFIT proteins with RNA. IFIT proteins are effectors of the innate immune system, and by binding foreign RNA, they prevent the synthesis of viral proteins in human host cells; hence, they block the propagation of viruses. We show that by using the UBDB+EPMM method it is possible to describe protein-RNA interactions not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. Looking at the charge penetration contribution to electrostatic interactions, we find all amino acid residues with strong local interactions. Moreover, we confirm that electrostatic interaction of IFIT5 with pppRNA does not depend on the sequence of the RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula
Anna Budniak
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Natalia Katarzyna Karolak
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland,Nencki
Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish
Academy of Sciences, ul. Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marta Kulik
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Młynarczyk
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Maria Wiktoria Górna
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland,E-mail:
| | - Paulina Maria Dominiak
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland,E-mail:
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Dias AMM, Courteau A, Bellaye PS, Kohli E, Oudot A, Doulain PE, Petitot C, Walker PM, Decréau R, Collin B. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Immunotherapy of Cancers through Macrophages and Magnetic Hyperthermia. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2388. [PMID: 36365207 PMCID: PMC9694944 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has tremendous promise, but it has yet to be clinically applied in a wider variety of tumor situations. Many therapeutic combinations are envisaged to improve their effectiveness. In this way, strategies capable of inducing immunogenic cell death (e.g., doxorubicin, radiotherapy, hyperthermia) and the reprogramming of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) (e.g., M2-to-M1-like macrophages repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)) are particularly appealing to enhance the efficacy of approved immunotherapies (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs). Due to their modular construction and versatility, iron oxide-based nanomedicines such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) can combine these different approaches in a single agent. SPIONs have already shown their safety and biocompatibility and possess both drug-delivery (e.g., chemotherapy, ICIs) and magnetic capabilities (e.g., magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), magnetic resonance imaging). In this review, we will discuss the multiple applications of SPIONs in cancer immunotherapy, focusing on their theranostic properties to target TAMs and to generate MHT. The first section of this review will briefly describe immune targets for NPs. The following sections will deal with the overall properties of SPIONs (including MHT). The last section is dedicated to the SPION-induced immune response through its effects on TAMs and MHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre M. M. Dias
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Alan Courteau
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
- ImViA Laboratory, EA 7535, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Labex LipSTIC, Faculty of Health Sciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Evelyne Kohli
- UMR INSERM/uB/AGROSUP 1231, Labex LipSTIC, Faculty of Health Sciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21079 Dijon, France
- University Hospital Centre François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alexandra Oudot
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
| | | | - Camille Petitot
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Paul-Michael Walker
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
- ImViA Laboratory, EA 7535, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
- University Hospital Centre François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Richard Decréau
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS/uB 6302, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Bertrand Collin
- Centre George-François Leclerc, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Plateforme d’Imagerie et de Radiothérapie Précliniques, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21079 Dijon, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS/uB 6302, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21079 Dijon, France
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37
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Chen SN, Zhang S, Li L, Laghari ZA, Nie P. Molecular and functional characterization of zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine (DHHC)-type containing 1, ZDHHC1 in Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:215-222. [PMID: 36122636 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine (DHHC)-type containing 1 (ZDHHC1) gene was identified in a commercial fish, the Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi. The ZDHHC1 has five putative transmembrane motifs and conserved DHHC domain, showing high amino-acid identity with other teleost fish, and vertebrate ZDHHC1 loci are conserved from fish to human. In vivo expression analysis indicated that ZDHHC1 gene was constitutively transcribed in all the examined organs/tissues, and was induced following infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) infection. It is further observed that ZDHHC1 interacts with MITA and the overexpression of ZDHHC1 in cells resulted in the upregulated expression of ISGs, such as Mx, RSAD2, IRF3 and type I IFNs such as IFNh and IFNc, exhibiting its antiviral function in fish as reported in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266237, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Zubair Ahmed Laghari
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Pin Nie
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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Greenhalgh DG, Green TL, Lim D, Cho K. BACTERIAL PATHOGEN-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS UPREGULATE HUMAN GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR EXPRESSION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS. Shock 2022; 58:393-399. [PMID: 36156050 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT It is well known that bacterial components (pathogen-associated molecular patterns [PAMPs]) induce a proinflammatory response through pattern recognition receptor signaling. What is not known, however, is how the inflammatory response is downregulated. We hypothesize that bacterial products initiate compensatory anti-inflammatory responses by inducing expression of the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from leukocytes concentrated from single human donors (Leukopaks). PBMCs were treated with a gram-negative bacterial component, LPS, or gram-positive bacterial components, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or peptidoglycan (PGN), for 1, 3, or 13 h. Protein expression of hGR was evaluated by Western blot analysis. RNA was extracted from similarly treated cells for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of hGR and cytokine expression. At 13 h after LPS treatment, there was an increase in the reference hGR protein (hGRα) expressed within some but not all PBMCs isolated from Leukopaks. There was also a dose-dependent increase in hGRα expression with increasing concentrations of PGN (10 and 50 μg/mL). LTA, however, did not affect hGRα expression. PGN also increased the mRNA expression of an hGR splice variant, hGR-B(54). The mRNA expression changes for the inflammatory cytokines were Leukopak specific. We found that cell wall components of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria can increase the expression of hGRα. Although these PAMPs augment the inflammatory response, it seems that there is a simultaneous upregulation of hGRα expression. Because binding of cortisol to hGRα typically induces anti-inflammatory proteins, the same PAMPs that induce an inflammatory response seem to also initiate a negative feedback system by inducing hGRα expression in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tajia L Green
- Shriners Children's Northern California, Sacramento, California
| | - Debora Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
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Sedivy-Haley K, Blimkie T, Falsafi R, Lee AHY, Hancock REW. A transcriptomic analysis of the effects of macrophage polarization and endotoxin tolerance on the response to Salmonella. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276010. [PMID: 36240188 PMCID: PMC9565388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen causing significant morbidity and mortality. Its ability to grow inside macrophages is important to virulence, and is dependent on the activation state of the macrophages. Classically activated M1 macrophages are non-permissive for Salmonella growth, while alternatively activated M2 macrophages are permissive for Salmonella growth. Here we showed that endotoxin-primed macrophages (MEP), such as those associated with sepsis, showed similar levels of Salmonella resistance to M1 macrophages after 2 hr of intracellular infection, but at the 4 hr and 24 hr time points were susceptible like M2 macrophages. To understand this mechanistically, transcriptomic sequencing, RNA-Seq, was performed. This showed that M1 and MEP macrophages that had not been exposed to Salmonella, demonstrated a process termed here as primed activation, in expressing relatively higher levels of particular anti-infective genes and pathways, including the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway. In contrast, in M2 macrophages these genes and pathways were largely expressed only in response to infection. Conversely, in response to infection, M1 macrophages, but not MEP macrophages, modulated additional genes known to be associated with susceptibility to Salmonella infection, possibly contributing to the differences in resistance at later time points. Application of the JAK inhibitor Ruxolitinib before infection reduced resistance in M1 macrophages, supporting the importance of early JAK-STAT signalling in M1 resistance to Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Sedivy-Haley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Travis Blimkie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Reza Falsafi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy Huei-Yi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Neel DV, Basu H, Gunner G, Chiu IM. Catching a killer: Mechanisms of programmed cell death and immune activation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Immunol Rev 2022; 311:130-150. [PMID: 35524757 PMCID: PMC9489610 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), execution of programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial for proper neurodevelopment. However, aberrant activation of these pathways in adult CNS leads to neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). How a cell dies is critical, as it can drive local immune activation and tissue damage. Classical apoptosis engages several mechanisms to evoke "immunologically silent" responses, whereas other forms of programmed death such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis release molecules that can potentiate immune responses and inflammation. In ALS, a fatal neuromuscular disorder marked by progressive death of lower and upper motor neurons, several cell types in the CNS express machinery for multiple PCD pathways. The specific cell types engaging PCD, and ultimate mechanisms by which neuronal death occurs in ALS are not well defined. Here, we provide an overview of different PCD pathways implicated in ALS. We also examine immune activation in ALS and differentiate apoptosis from necrotic mechanisms based on downstream immunological consequences. Lastly, we highlight therapeutic strategies that target cell death pathways in the treatment of neurodegeneration and inflammation in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan V Neel
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Himanish Basu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Gunner
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Lead contact
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Li WH, Su JY, Li YM. Rational Design of T-Cell- and B-Cell-Based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2660-2671. [PMID: 36048514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines provide an efficient strategy to enhance tumor-specific immune responses by redeploying immune systems. Despite the approval of the first cancer vaccine (Sipuleucel-T) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2010, most therapeutic cancer vaccines fail in clinical trials. Basically, tumor-specific immune responses rely on not only T-cell but also B-cell immunity, which indicates that cancer vaccines should leverage both arms of the adaptive immune system. For example, CD8+ T cells activated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) recognize and directly kill tumor cells via peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex (pMHC). B cells recognize antigen with no need of pMHC and require CD4+ T cells for sufficient activation and antibody generation, enabling antibody-mediated nondirect killing on tumor cells. Considering the different mechanisms of T-cell and B-cell activation, the rational design of therapeutic cancer vaccines should consider several factors, including antigen selection and recognition, immune activation, vaccine delivery, and repeatable vaccination, which can be advanced by chemical strategies.In this Account, we summarize our recent contributions to the development of effective T-cell- and B-cell-based therapeutic cancer vaccines. For T-cell-based vaccines, we focus on adjuvants as the key component for controllable APC activation and T-cell priming. Not only synthetic molecular agonists of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) but also adjuvant nanomaterials were explored to satisfy diversiform vaccine designs. For example, a type of natural cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) that was chemically modified with fluorination and ipsilateral phosphorothioation to activate the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) was found to mediate antitumor responses. It retains structural similarity to the parent CDN scaffold but possesses increased stability, cellular uptake, and immune activation for antitumor treatment. It also facilitates facile conjugation with other agonists, which not only enhances APC-targeting delivery but also balances cellular and humoral antitumor responses. We also explored the intrinsic properties of nanomaterials that allow them to serve as adjuvants. A black phosphorus nanosheet-based nanovaccine was constructed and found to strongly potentiate antigen-specific T-cell antitumor immune responses through multiple immune-potentiating properties, leading to a highly integrated nanomaterial-based adjuvant design. For B-cell-based vaccines, multicomponent and multivalent strategies were applied to improve the immunogenicity. A multicomponent linear vaccine conjugate coordinates helper T (Th) cells and APCs to proliferate and differentiates B cells for enhanced antitumor immunoglobulin G antibody responses. To further improve antigen recognition, clustered designs on a multivalent epitope were applied by generating various structures, including branched lysine-based peptides, natural multivalent scaffold molecules, and self-assembled nanofibers. We also engineered nano- and microvaccine systems to optimize systemic and localized vaccination. A multilayer-assembled nanovaccine successfully integrated antigens and multiple agonists to modulate APC activation. A DNA hydrogel contributed to the control of APC's immune behaviors, including cell recruitment, activation, and migration, and induced robust antitumor responses as an all-in-one designable platform. In this Account, by summarizing strategies for both T-cell- and B-cell-based vaccine design, we not only compare the differences but also address the intrinsic uniformity between such vaccine designs and further discuss the potential of a combined T-cell- and B-cell-based vaccine, which highlights the applicability and feasibility of chemical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing-Yun Su
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, 10 Youanmenwai Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Association of rare variants in genes of immune regulation with pediatric autoimmune CNS diseases. J Neurol 2022; 269:6512-6529. [PMID: 35960392 PMCID: PMC9372976 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background There is a gap in the literature regarding genetic underpinnings of pediatric autoimmune CNS diseases. This study explored rare gene variants implicated in immune dysregulation within these disorders. Methods This was a single-center observational study of children with inflammatory CNS disorder who had genetic testing through next generation focused exome sequencing targeting 155 genes associated with innate or adaptive immunity. For in silico prediction of functional effects of single-nucleotide variants, Polymorphism Phenotyping v2, and Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant were used, and Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) scores were calculated. Identified genes were analyzed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Results Of 54 patients, 42 (77.8%) carried variant(s), among which 12 (22.2%) had 3–8 variants. Eighty-eight unique single-nucleotide variants of 55 genes were identified. The most variants were detected in UNC13D, LRBA, LYST, NOD2, DOCK8, RNASEH2A, STAT5B, and AIRE. The majority of variants (62, 70.4%) had CADD > 10. KEGG pathway analysis revealed seven genes associated with primary immunodeficiency (Benjamini 1.40E − 06), six genes with NOD-like receptor signaling (Benjamini 4.10E − 04), five genes with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Benjamini 9.80E − 03), and five genes with NF-kappa B signaling pathway (Benjamini 1.90E − 02). Discussion We observed a high rate of identification of rare and low-frequency variants in immune regulatory genes in pediatric neuroinflammatory CNS disorders. We identified 88 unique single-nucleotide variants of 55 genes with pathway analysis revealing an enrichment of NOD2-receptor signaling, consistent with involvement of the pathway within other autoinflammatory conditions and warranting further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-022-11325-2.
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Antonakos N, Gilbert C, Théroude C, Schrijver IT, Roger T. Modes of action and diagnostic value of miRNAs in sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951798. [PMID: 35990654 PMCID: PMC9389448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome defined as a dysregulated host response to infection resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction. Sepsis is a major public health concern associated with one in five deaths worldwide. Sepsis is characterized by unbalanced inflammation and profound and sustained immunosuppression, increasing patient susceptibility to secondary infections and mortality. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in the control of many biological processes, and deregulation of their expression has been linked to the development of oncological, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in sepsis pathophysiology. Overall, miRNAs are seen as promising biomarkers, and it has been proposed to develop miRNA-based therapies for sepsis. Yet, the picture is not so straightforward because of the versatile and dynamic features of miRNAs. Clearly, more research is needed to clarify the expression and role of miRNAs in sepsis, and to promote the use of miRNAs for sepsis management.
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Li X, Li S, Sun M, Yu Y, Zhang X, Xiang J, Li F. A newly identified NLR-like gene participates in bacteria and virus infection possibly through regulating hemocytes apoptosis in shrimp. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 132:104395. [PMID: 35288120 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) play important roles in innate immunity. Previously, we identified an NLR-like gene, LvNLRPL1, and found that it participated in Vibrio infection and regulated hemocytes apoptosis in the Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. However, it is still unclear whether other NLR-like genes exist in shrimp and how they function during virus infection. In the present study, a novel NLR-like gene (LvNLRPL2) was identified and functionally characterized in L. vannamei. LvNLRPL2 was highly expressed in hemocytes and responsive to both Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. Knockdown of LvNLRPL2 could markedly increase the proliferation of Vibrio and the mortality of shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus, whereas inhibit in vivo WSSV propagation in shrimp, indicating its distinct roles during Vibrio and WSSV infection. After LvNLRPL2 knockdown, the apoptotic rate of hemocytes increased, and the expression levels of LvCaspase 2, 3 and 5 were significantly up-regulated. In addition, LvNLRPL2 could form a hetero-dimer with LvNLRPL1 through their NACHT domains. These results suggest that LvNLRPL2 might resist bacterial infection while promote WSSV propagation by forming hetero-dimer with LvNLRPL1 and then inhibiting apoptosis of hemocytes. These data will be helpful for understanding the functions of NLR-like genes and their regulation mechanisms in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shihao Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Li H, Wang Z, Fang X, Zeng W, Yang Y, Jin L, Wei X, Qin Y, Wang C, Liang W. Poroptosis: A form of cell death depending on plasma membrane nanopores formation. iScience 2022; 25:104481. [PMID: 35712073 PMCID: PMC9194171 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) in malignant cells can decrease tumor burden and activate antitumor immune response to obtain lasting antitumor immunity, leading to the elimination of distant metastases and prevention of recurrence. Here, we reveal that ppM1 peptide is capable of forming irreparable transmembrane pores on tumor cell membrane, leading to ICD which we name poroptosis. Poroptosis is directly dependent on cell membrane nanopores regardless of the upstream signaling of cell death. ppM1-induced poroptosis was characterized by the sustained release of intracellular LDH. This unique feature is distinct from other well-characterized types of acute necrosis induced by freezing-thawing (F/T) and detergents, which leads to the burst release of intracellular LDH. Our results suggested that steady transmembrane-nanopore-mediated subacute cell death played a vital role in subsequent activated immunity that transforms to an antitumor immune microenvironment. Selectively generating poroptosis in cancer cell could be a promise strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocui Fang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Zeng
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanlian Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lingtao Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Xiuli Wei
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qin
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liang
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Expresión de los componentes del inflamasoma y su relación con los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en personas con infección por HIV-1. BIOMÉDICA 2022; 42:239-241. [PMID: 35867925 PMCID: PMC9439668 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introducción. La infección por el HIV-1 induce un estado de inflamación crónico en el que participan los inflamasomas. El incremento de los parámetros inflamatorios es mayor en individuos con replicación viral activa que en aquellos con control de la replicación viral. Este proceso desencadena alteraciones metabólicas relacionadas con cambios en el perfil lipídico, lo cual podría incrementar el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, incluso en pacientes con terapia antirretroviral.Objetivo. Establecer si existe correlación entre la expresión de los componentes de los inflamasomas y los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en individuos con control de la replicación viral y en aquellos con replicación viral activa con terapia antirretroviral o sin ella. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 13 individuos con control de la replicación viral y 40 con replicación viral activa (19 sin terapia antirretroviral y 31 con terapia). Se evaluaron los marcadores clásicos de riesgo cardiovascular y se cuantificó mediante RT-PCR la expresión de los componentes de los inflamasomas (NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, ASC, IL-1β, IL-18 y caspasa-1), TLR2, TLR4, TGF-β e IL-10.Resultados. Se observó que los pacientes con replicación viral activa y con terapia antirretroviral presentaron un incremento en la expresión de TLR2, TLR4 e IL-18, comparados con los controladores del HIV-1. Además, mostraron grandes valores de triglicéridos y lipoproteína de muy baja densidad (Very Low Density Lipopretein, VLDL), lo que se correlaciona positivamente con la expresión de los componentes de los inflamasomas NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, ASC y caspasa-1.Conclusión. El aumento en la expresión de los componentes de los inflamasomas en los individuos con replicación viral activa y con terapia antirretroviral se correlacionó con las concentraciones de triglicéridos y VLDL, lo que sugiere el papel de la activación inmunitaria y la terapia antirretroviral en el riesgo cardiovascular.
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Dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: From pathogenesis to therapeutic applications. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Idowu MD, Taiwo G, Pech Cervantes A, Bowdridge S, Ogunade IM. Effects of a multi-component microbial feed additive containing prebiotics and probiotics on health, immune status, metabolism, and performance of newly weaned beef steers during a 35-d receiving period. Transl Anim Sci 2022; 6:txac053. [PMID: 35673543 PMCID: PMC9168071 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a multicomponent blend of prebiotics and probiotics on health, immune status, metabolism, and performance of newly weaned beef steers during a 35-d receiving period. Eighty newly weaned crossbred steers (12-hour postweaning; 206 ± 12 kg of body weight [BW]) from a single source were stratified by BW into four pens (20 steers per pen) such that each pen had similar BW at the beginning of the experiment. The pens were randomly assigned to receive a corn silage-based diet with no additive (CON; two pens; n = 40 steers) or a basal diet supplemented with SYNB feed additive at an average of 28 g/steer/d (SYNB; two pens; n = 40 steers). The SYNB additive is a blend of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fermentation products of S. cerevisiae, Enterococcus lactis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus subtilis and was supplemented for the first 21 d only. Percentage of steers treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was calculated for each dietary treatment. Daily dry matter intake (DMI) and meal events (meal frequency and duration) were measured. Weekly BWs were measured to calculate average daily gain (ADG). Blood samples collected on days 0, 14, 21, 28, and 35 were used for ex-vivo tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release assay following lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation, plasma metabolome analysis, and mRNA expression analysis of 84 innate and adaptive immune-related genes. Compared with CON, supplemental SYNB increased (P ≤ 0.05) ADG, DMI, and meal events during the first 7 d. At d 21, there was no treatment effect (P > 0.05) on final BW, DMI, ADG, and meal events; however, beef steers fed supplemental SYNB had greater (P = 0.02) meal duration. Over the entire 35-d receiving period, beef steers fed supplemental SYNB had greater (P = 0.01) ADG and feed efficiency, tended to have greater (P = 0.08) meal duration, and had lower percentage (35 vs. 50%) of animals treated for BRD and lower percentage of sick animals treated for BRD more than once (7.15 vs. 45%). Whole blood expression of pro-inflammatory genes was downregulated while that of anti-inflammatory genes was upregulated in beef steers fed supplemental SYNB. Beef steers fed supplemental SYNB had lower (P = 0.03) plasma concentration of TNF-α after LPS stimulation. Six nutrient metabolic pathways associated with health benefits were enriched (false discovery rate ≤ 0.05) in beef steers fed supplemental SYNB. This study demonstrated that dietary supplementation of SYNB during the first 21 d of arrival reduced BRD morbidity, improved the performance, immune, and metabolic status of beef steers over a 35-d receiving period thereby extending the SYNB effect by a further 14 days post supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modoluwamu D Idowu
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Godstime Taiwo
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Andres Pech Cervantes
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley 31030, GA, USA
| | - Scott Bowdridge
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Ibukun M Ogunade
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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Gibson AR, Sateriale A, Dumaine JE, Engiles JB, Pardy RD, Gullicksrud JA, O’Dea KM, Doench JG, Beiting DP, Hunter CA, Striepen B. A genetic screen identifies a protective type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium that requires TLR3 dependent recognition. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010003. [PMID: 35584177 PMCID: PMC9154123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and diarrheal-related death in children worldwide. As an obligate intracellular parasite, Cryptosporidium relies on intestinal epithelial cells to provide a niche for its growth and survival, but little is known about the contributions that the infected cell makes to this relationship. Here we conducted a genome wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen to discover host genes that influence Cryptosporidium parvum infection and/or host cell survival. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that the host interferon response, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis are important determinants of susceptibility to C. parvum infection and impact on the viability of host cells in the context of parasite infection. Several of these pathways are linked to parasite attachment and invasion and C-type lectins on the surface of the parasite. Evaluation of transcript and protein induction of innate interferons revealed a pronounced type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium in human cells as well as in mice. Treatment of mice with IFNλ reduced infection burden and protected immunocompromised mice from severe outcomes including death, with effects that required STAT1 signaling in the enterocyte. Initiation of this type III interferon response was dependent on sustained intracellular growth and mediated by the pattern recognition receptor TLR3. We conclude that host cell intrinsic recognition of Cryptosporidium results in IFNλ production critical to early protection against this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R. Gibson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Adam Sateriale
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Dumaine
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julie B. Engiles
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ryan D. Pardy
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jodi A. Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Keenan M. O’Dea
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John G. Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Zhang Y, Jiao L, Wu Z, Gu P, Feng Z, Xu S, Liu Z, Yang Y, Wang D. Fabrication and characterization of Chinese yam polysaccharides PLGA nanoparticles stabilized Pickering emulsion as an efficient adjuvant. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:513-524. [PMID: 35421409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese yam polysaccharides PLGA nanoparticles were applied as stabilizers in this study to prepare O/W Pickering emulsion. The optimized preparation conditions were PLGA concentration of 5 mg/mL, ultrasonic power of 50 %, and ultrasonic time of 2 min. The CYP-PPAS emulsion exhibits a raspberry-like morphology with a large number of nanoparticles surrounding the oil droplets. The CYP-PPAS emulsion exhibited outstanding stability at 4 °C and 37 °C for 28 days with high antigen loading efficiency and provided a controlled and sustained release of Chinese yam polysaccharides and OVA antigen in vitro. CYP-PPAS/OVA elicited robust antigen-specific immune response and induced a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response after immunization. Furthermore, CYP-PPAS/OVA caused a high CD4+/CD8+ ratio leading in increased activation of splenic T lymphocytes subpopulations. Moreover, CYP-PPAS is a safe vaccination adjuvant with high safety profile in vivo. Thus, the novel designed Pickering emulsion CYP-PPAS was a safe and effective adjuvant for inducing the strong and long-term immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lina Jiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Nanjing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zian Feng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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