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Zhao C, Wang C, Wang R, Shan W, Wang W, Deng H. Regulatory T Cells Nanoextinguisher to Manipulate Multiple Immune Evasion for Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:24105-24117. [PMID: 39171893 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) play key roles in inhibiting effective antitumor immunity. However, therapeutic Treg depletion fails to consistently enhance immune responses due to the emergence of a wave of peripherally converted Treg cells postdepletion, along with undesired off-target side effects. Here, we report a nanoextinguisher decorated with functional peptides via tumor microenvironment responsive linkers to selectively block Treg function and maintain Treg levels rather than deplete them. The nanoextinguisher specifically neutralizes TGF-β to inhibit the recruitment of Treg cells and the conversion of naive T cells into Treg cells, thus promoting antitumor immunity. Moreover, the nanoextinguisher can alleviate tumor resistance to immunogenic photodynamic therapy, vaccination therapy, and checkpoint inhibition. The nanoextinguisher showed 30-fold potentiation in antitumor effect compared to standalone photodynamic therapy or vaccination therapy. Overall, utilizing a nanoextinguisher to inhibit Treg function without triggering reconversion represents a generalizable method to reverse immune evasion, yielding antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Rujie Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Wenbo Shan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
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Song X, Chen R, Li J, Zhu Y, Jiao J, Liu H, Chen Z, Geng J. Fragile Treg cells: Traitors in immune homeostasis? Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107297. [PMID: 38977207 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a key role in maintaining immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis. However, in some disease microenvironments, Treg cells exhibit fragility, which manifests as preserved FoxP3 expression accompanied by inflammation and loss of immunosuppression. Fragile Treg cells are formatively, phenotypically and functionally diverse in various diseases, further complicating the role of Treg cells in the immunotherapeutic response and offering novel targets for disease treatment by modulating specific Treg subsets. In this review, we summarize findings on fragile Treg cells to provide a framework for characterizing the formation and role of fragile Treg cells in different diseases, and we discuss how this information may guide the development of more specific Treg-targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Song
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Ruo Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Student Brigade of Basic Medicine School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Jianhua Jiao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Hongjiao Liu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Zhinan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
| | - Jiejie Geng
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China; State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, PR China.
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3
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Hong D, Kim HK, Yang W, Yoon C, Kim M, Yang CS, Yoon S. Integrative analysis of single-cell RNA-seq and gut microbiome metabarcoding data elucidates macrophage dysfunction in mice with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:731. [PMID: 38879692 PMCID: PMC11180211 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a significant inflammatory bowel disease caused by an abnormal immune response to gut microbes. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of how immune and metabolic changes specifically contribute to this disease. Our research aims to address this gap by examining mouse colons after inducing ulcerative colitis-like symptoms. Employing single-cell RNA-seq and 16 s rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyze distinct cell clusters and microbiomes in the mouse colon at different time points after induction with dextran sodium sulfate. We observe a significant reduction in epithelial populations during acute colitis, indicating tissue damage, with a partial recovery observed in chronic inflammation. Analyses of cell-cell interactions demonstrate shifts in networking patterns among different cell types during disease progression. Notably, macrophage phenotypes exhibit diversity, with a pronounced polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype in chronic conditions, suggesting the role of macrophage heterogeneity in disease severity. Increased expression of Nampt and NOX2 complex subunits in chronic UC macrophages contributes to the inflammatory processes. The chronic UC microbiome exhibits reduced taxonomic diversity compared to healthy conditions and acute UC. The study also highlights the role of T cell differentiation in the context of dysbiosis and its implications in colitis progression, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to modulate the inflammatory response and immune balance in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawon Hong
- RNA Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Keun Kim
- Dept of Molecular and Life Science and Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea
| | - Wonhee Yang
- Department of AI-based Convergence, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanjin Yoon
- Dept of Molecular and Life Science and Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Computer Science, College of SW Convergence, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Yang
- Dept of Medicinal and Life Science and Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Korea.
| | - Seokhyun Yoon
- Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang T, Fu W, Liu D, He Y, Wang J, Ma T. ADENOSINE INFLUENCES FOXP3 EXPRESSION OF T REGS VIA THE A2AR/CREB PATHWAY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF SEPSIS. Shock 2024; 61:924-933. [PMID: 38010286 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The adenosine concentration and forkhead box protein (Foxp3) expression in T regulatory cells (T regs ) are increased during sepsis. However, the mechanism by which adenosine induces Foxp3 expression is incompletely understood. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was constructed using C57BL/J mice. The plasma adenosine concentration and Foxp3 expression in splenic T regs were increased consistently for 15 days after sepsis onset. Analysis of the mean fluorescence intensity of Foxp3 and adenosine concentration in the same mice revealed a linear correlation. In the CLP model, adenosine 2a receptor (A2aR) blockade inhibited Foxp3 expression in T regs . In vitro activation of A2aR promoted Foxp3 expression in T regs and facilitated secretion of extracellular vesicles. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that A2aR blockade led to changes in cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription in T regs in our sepsis model. Use of adenosine or A2aR agonists promoted CREB expression, CREB phosphorylation at S133, T reg expression of Foxp3, and enhanced inhibition of proliferation of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ lymphocytes. A2aR blockade or inhibition of CREB expression inhibited Foxp3 expression in T regs . In the CLP model, use of CREB inhibitors could inhibit Foxp3 expression and reduce the bacterial load. In summary, adenosine in sepsis promotes CREB phosphorylation via A2aR which, in turn, upregulates Foxp3 expression in T regs .
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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5
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LeGuern C, Markmann JF. Regulatory CD4 + T cells: permanent or temporary suppressors of immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1293892. [PMID: 38404584 PMCID: PMC10890821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1293892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian LeGuern
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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6
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Spiliopoulou P, Kaur P, Hammett T, Di Conza G, Lahn M. Targeting T regulatory (T reg) cells in immunotherapy-resistant cancers. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:2. [PMID: 38318526 PMCID: PMC10838381 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Primary or secondary (i.e., acquired) resistance is a common occurrence in cancer patients and is often associated with high numbers of T regulatory (Treg) cells (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+). The approval of ipilimumab and the development of similar pharmacological agents targeting cell surface proteins on Treg cells demonstrates that such intervention may overcome resistance in cancer patients. Hence, the clinical development and subsequent approval of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) targeting agents can serve as a prototype for similar agents. Such new agents aspire to be highly specific and have a reduced toxicity profile while increasing effector T cell function or effector T/T regulatory (Teff/Treg) ratio. While clinical development with large molecules has shown the greatest advancement, small molecule inhibitors that target immunomodulation are increasingly entering early clinical investigation. These new small molecule inhibitors often target specific intracellular signaling pathways [e.g., phosphoinositide-3-kinase delta (PI3K-δ)] that play an important role in regulating the function of Treg cells. This review will summarize the lessons currently applied to develop novel clinical agents that target Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Spiliopoulou
- Department of Drug Development Program, Phase I Unit, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Center, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Paramjit Kaur
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, iOnctura SA, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Tracey Hammett
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, iOnctura SA, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Giusy Di Conza
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, iOnctura SA, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Michael Lahn
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, iOnctura SA, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
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7
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Nagler CR. Inhibition of Immunological Suppression. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1255-1256. [PMID: 37987807 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This Pillars of Immunology article is a commentary on “Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 plays an essential role in the function of CD25+CD4+ regulatory cells that control intestinal inflammation,” a pivotal article written by S. Read, V. Malmström, and F. Powrie, and published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, in 2000. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.192.2.295.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn R Nagler
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering and Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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8
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Lin Y, Sakuraba S, Massilamany C, Reddy J, Tanaka Y, Miyake S, Yamamura T. Harnessing autoimmunity with dominant self-peptide: Modulating the sustainability of tissue-preferential antigen-specific Tregs by governing the binding stability via peptide flanking residues. J Autoimmun 2023; 140:103094. [PMID: 37716077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Sensitization to self-peptides induces various immunological responses, from autoimmunity to tumor immunity, depending on the peptide sequence; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, and thus, curative therapeutic options considering immunity balance are limited. Herein, two overlapping dominant peptides of myelin proteolipid protein, PLP136-150 and PLP139-151, which induce different forms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), monophasic and relapsing EAE, respectively, were investigated. Mice with monophasic EAE exhibited highly resistant to EAE re-induction with any encephalitogenic peptides, whereas mice with relapsing EAE were susceptible, and progressed, to EAE re-induction. This resistance to relapse and re-induction in monophasic EAE mice was associated with the maintenance of potent CD69+CD103+CD4+CD25high regulatory T-cells (Tregs) enriched with antigen specificity, which expanded preferentially in the central nervous system with sustained suppressive activity. This tissue-preferential sustainability of potent antigen-specific Tregs was correlated with the antigenicity of PLP136-150, depending on its flanking residues. That is, the flanking residues of PLP136-150 enable to form pivotally arranged strong hydrogen bonds that secured its binding stability to MHC-class II. These potent Tregs acting tissue-preferentially were induced only by sensitization of PLP136-150, not by its tolerance induction, independent of EAE development. These findings suggest that, for optimal therapy, "benign autoimmunity" can be critically achieved through inverse vaccination with self-peptides by manipulating their flanking residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Lin
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan.
| | - Shun Sakuraba
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Chiba, 263-0024, Japan.
| | | | - Jayagopala Reddy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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Kuburich NA, Sabapathy T, Demestichas BR, Maddela JJ, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Proactive and reactive roles of TGF-β in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:120-139. [PMID: 37572731 PMCID: PMC10530624 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to varying stress conditions to survive through plasticity. Stem cells exhibit a high degree of plasticity, allowing them to generate more stem cells or differentiate them into specialized cell types to contribute to tissue development, growth, and repair. Cancer cells can also exhibit plasticity and acquire properties that enhance their survival. TGF-β is an unrivaled growth factor exploited by cancer cells to gain plasticity. TGF-β-mediated signaling enables carcinoma cells to alter their epithelial and mesenchymal properties through epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). However, TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine; thus, the signaling by TGF-β can be detrimental or beneficial to cancer cells depending on the cellular context. Those cells that overcome the anti-tumor effect of TGF-β can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain EMP benefits. EMP allows cancer cells to alter their cell properties and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), facilitating their survival. Due to the significant roles of TGF-β and EMP in carcinoma progression, it is essential to understand how TGF-β enables EMP and how cancer cells exploit this plasticity. This understanding will guide the development of effective TGF-β-targeting therapies that eliminate cancer cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thiru Sabapathy
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Breanna R Demestichas
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joanna Joyce Maddela
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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10
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Yang J, Bae H. Drug conjugates for targeting regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment: guided missiles for cancer treatment. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1996-2004. [PMID: 37653036 PMCID: PMC10545761 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in suppressing anticancer immune responses; therefore, various strategies targeting Tregs are becoming important for tumor therapy. To prevent the side effects of nonspecific Treg depletion, such as immunotherapy-related adverse events (irAEs), therapeutic strategies that specifically target Tregs in the TME are being investigated. Tumor-targeting drug conjugates are efficient drugs in which a cytotoxic payload is assembled into a carrier that binds Tregs via a linker. By allowing the drug to act selectively on target cells, this approach has the advantage of increasing the therapeutic effect and minimizing the side effects of immunotherapy. Antibody-drug conjugates, immunotoxins, peptide-drug conjugates, and small interfering RNA conjugates are being developed as Treg-targeting drug conjugates. In this review, we discuss key themes and recent advances in drug conjugates targeting Tregs in the TME, as well as future design strategies for successful use of drug conjugates for Treg targeting in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Yang
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsu Bae
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Hardy LC, Kapita CM, Hall JA, Arbeeva L, Campbell E, Urban JF, Belkaid Y, Nagler CR, Iweala OI. Intestinal Helminth Infection Impairs Oral and Parenteral Vaccine Efficacy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:389-402. [PMID: 37272847 PMCID: PMC10524302 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of endemic parasitic infection on vaccine efficacy is an important consideration for vaccine development and deployment. We have examined whether intestinal infection with the natural murine helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri alters Ag-specific Ab and cellular immune responses to oral and parenteral vaccination in mice. Oral vaccination of mice with a clinically relevant, live, attenuated, recombinant Salmonella vaccine expressing chicken egg OVA (Salmonella-OVA) induced the accumulation of activated, OVA-specific T effector cells rather than OVA-specific regulatory T cells in the GALT. Intestinal helminth infection significantly reduced Th1-skewed Ab responses to oral vaccination with Salmonella-OVA. Activated, adoptively transferred, OVA-specific CD4+ T cells accumulated in draining mesenteric lymph nodes of vaccinated mice, regardless of their helminth infection status. However, helminth infection increased the frequencies of adoptively transferred OVA-specific CD4+ T cells producing IL-4 and IL-10 in the mesenteric lymph node. Ab responses to the oral Salmonella-OVA vaccine were reduced in helminth-free mice adoptively transferred with OVA-specific CD4+ T cells harvested from mice with intestinal helminth infection. Intestinal helminth infection also significantly reduced Th2-skewed Ab responses to parenteral vaccination with OVA adsorbed to alum. These findings suggest that vaccine-specific CD4+ T cells induced in the context of helminth infection retain durable immunomodulatory properties and may promote blunted Ab responses to vaccination. They also underscore the potential need to treat parasitic infection before mass vaccination campaigns in helminth-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugen Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - LaKeya C. Hardy
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Camille M. Kapita
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Jason A. Hall
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program and Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, Center for Human Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Liubov Arbeeva
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Evelyn Campbell
- Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Joseph F. Urban
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory and Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue BLDG 307-C BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program and Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, Center for Human Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cathryn R. Nagler
- Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Disease, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Onyinye I. Iweala
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Food Allergy Initiative, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Disease, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
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Suzuki K, Kunisada Y, Miyamura N, Eikawa S, Hurtado de Mendoza T, Mose ES, Lu C, Kuroda Y, Ruoslahti E, Lowy AM, Sugahara KN. Tumor-resident regulatory T cells in pancreatic cancer express the αvβ5 integrin as a targetable activation marker. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.24.542137. [PMID: 37292693 PMCID: PMC10245898 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.542137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has abundant immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), which contribute to a microenvironment resistant to immunotherapy. Here, we report that Tregs in the PDAC tissue, but not those in the spleen, express the αvβ5 integrin in addition to neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), which makes them susceptible to the iRGD tumor-penetrating peptide, which targets cells positive for αv integrin- and NRP-1. As a result, long-term treatment of PDAC mice with iRGD leads to tumor-specific depletion of Tregs and improved efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. αvβ5 integrin + Tregs are induced from both naïve CD4 + T cells and natural Tregs upon T cell receptor stimulation, and represent a highly immunosuppressive subpopulation of CCR8 + Tregs. This study identifies the αvβ5 integrin as a marker for activated tumor-resident Tregs, which can be targeted to achieve tumor-specific Treg depletion and thereby augment anti-tumor immunity for PDAC therapy.
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Lin N, Yin W, Miller H, Byazrova MG, Herrada AA, Benlagha K, Lee P, Guan F, Lei J, Gong Q, Yan Y, Filatov A, Liu C. The role of regulatory T cells and follicular T helper cells in HBV infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169601. [PMID: 37275865 PMCID: PMC10235474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B has become one of the major global health threats, especially in developing countries and regions. Hepatitis B virus infection greatly increases the risk for liver diseases such as cirrhosis and cancer. However, treatment for hepatitis B is limited when considering the huge base of infected people. The immune response against hepatitis B is mediated mainly by CD8+ T cells, which are key to fighting invading viruses, while regulatory T cells prevent overreaction of the immune response process. Additionally, follicular T helper cells play a key role in B-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and formation of germinal centers. The pathogenic process of hepatitis B virus is generally the result of a disorder or dysfunction of the immune system. Therefore, we present in this review the critical functions and related biological processes of regulatory T cells and follicular T helper cells during HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengqi Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heather Miller
- Department of Research and Development, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Maria G. Byazrova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrés A. Herrada
- Lymphatic Vasculature and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Kamel Benlagha
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Youqing Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Wuhan No.7 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Alexander Filatov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Immune microenvironment: novel perspectives on bone regeneration disorder in osteoradionecrosis of the jaws. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 392:413-430. [PMID: 36737519 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) is a severe complication that occurs after radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies. Clinically, conservative treatments and surgeries for ORNJ exhibited certain therapeutic effects, whereas the regenerative disorder of the post-radiation jaw remains a pending problem to be solved. In recent years, the recognition of the role of the immune microenvironment has led to a shift from an osteoblasts (OBs) or bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs)-centered view of bone regeneration to the concept of a complicated microecosystem that supports bone regeneration. Current advances in osteoimmunology have uncovered novel targets within the immune microenvironment to help improve various regeneration therapies, notably therapies potentiating the interaction between BMSCs and immune cells. However, these researches lack a thorough understanding of the immune microenvironment and the interaction network of immune cells in the course of bone regeneration, especially for the post-operative defect of ORNJ. This review summarized the composition of the immune microenvironment during bone regeneration, how the immune microenvironment interacts with the skeletal system, and discussed existing and potential strategies aimed at targeting cellular and molecular immune microenvironment components.
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15
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Inversetti A, Zambella E, Guarano A, Dell’Avanzo M, Di Simone N. Endometrial Microbiota and Immune Tolerance in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032995. [PMID: 36769318 PMCID: PMC9917440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the uterus has its own microbiota. However, there is no consensus on endometrial microbiota composition, thus its role in the healthy uterine environment is still a frontier topic. Endometrial receptivity is key to embryo implantation, and in this specific context immunological tolerance against fetal antigens and the tightly regulated expression of inflammatory mediators are fundamental. According to recent evidence, endometrial microbiota may interact in a very dynamic way with the immune system during the peri-conceptional stage and later during pregnancy. For this reason, a condition of dysbiosis might lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which the endometrial microbiota may interact with the immune system. For this purpose, the link between dysbiosis and reproductive disorders, such as infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and preterm birth, will be discussed. In conclusion, the most recent findings from molecular analyses will be reported to illustrate and possibly overcome the intrinsic limitations of uterine microbiota detection (low endometrial biomass, high risk of contamination during sampling, and lack of standardization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Inversetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Zambella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Guarano
- Humanitas San Pio X, Via Francesco Nava 31, 20159 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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16
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Shen L, Wang W, Hou W, Jiang C, Yuan Y, Hu L, Shang A. The function and mechanism of action of uterine microecology in pregnancy immunity and its complications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1025714. [PMID: 36683698 PMCID: PMC9846260 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1025714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota influences physiology, disease, and metabolic reproduction. The origin of uterine bacteria is controversial. The main assumption is that the germs enter the uterine cavity from the vagina through the cervical canal, bloodstream, fallopian tubes, and gynecological surgical channels. Understanding the microbiota at various anatomical sites is critical to the female reproductive system and pregnancy. Today's study focuses on the role of uterine bacteria in pregnancy and embryo implantation. According to our findings, the uterine microbiome influences embryo implantation and pregnancy outcome. Pregnancy is a natural, evolutionarily selected approach to human reproduction. During pregnancy, the microbiota of the reproductive tract changes, facilitating the maintenance of pregnancy, and the human immune system undergoes a series of changes that recognize and adapt to the non-self. From the beginning of pregnancy, a non-self fetus must establish a placenta of embryonic origin to protect itself and promote growth; the VMB tends to be more stable and lactobacillus-dominated in late gestation than in early gestation. Any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes in women (eclampsia). The presence of any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes (preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, etc.). In this work, we review the last decade of relevant research to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which the microbiota of the female reproductive tract influences female reproductive health. This work discusses the mechanisms associated with the reproductive tract microbiota and pregnancy immunity, as well as the impact of an abnormal microbiota on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Emphasis is placed on the characteristics and sources of the female vaginal, uterine, and placental microbiota and the importance of a well-stabilized local human microbiota and immune system for embryo implantation, placental development, fetal growth, and pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changning Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang & The Oncology Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, P.R., China,Department of Pathology, Tinghu People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R., China
| | - Weiwei Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfei Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang & The Oncology Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, P.R., China
| | - Liqing Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital & Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R., China,*Correspondence: Anquan Shang, ; Liqing Hu,
| | - Anquan Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang & The Oncology Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, P.R., China,*Correspondence: Anquan Shang, ; Liqing Hu,
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17
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The Composition of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Isolated from Lipoaspirate Using a Point of Care System Does Not Depend on the Subject's Individual Age, Sex, Body Mass Index and Ethnicity. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010030. [PMID: 36611823 PMCID: PMC9818477 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncultured, unmodified, autologous, adipose-derived regenerative cells (UA-ADRCs) are a safe and effective treatment option for various musculoskeletal pathologies. However, it is unknown whether the composition of the final cell suspension systematically varies with the subject's individual age, sex, body mass index and ethnicity. UA-ADRCs were isolated from lipoaspirate from n = 232 subjects undergoing elective lipoplasty using the Transpose RT system (InGeneron, Inc.; Houston, TX, USA). The UA-ADRCs were assessed for the number of nucleated cells, cell viability and the number of viable nucleated cells per gram of adipose tissue harvested. Cells from n = 37 subjects were further characterized using four-channel flow cytometry. The present study shows, for the first time, that key characteristics of UA-ADRCs can be independent of the subject's age, sex, BMI and ethnicity. This result has important implications for the general applicability of UA-ADRCs in regeneration of musculoskeletal tissue. Future studies must determine whether the independence of key characteristics of UA-ADRCs of the subject's individual age, sex, BMI and ethnicity only applies to the system used in the present study, or also to others of the more than 25 different experimental methods and commercially available systems used to isolate UA-ADRCs from lipoaspirate that have been described in the literature.
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18
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Madani J, Aghebati-Maleki L, Gharibeh N, Pourakbari R, Yousefi M. Fetus, as an allograft, evades the maternal immunity. Transpl Immunol 2022; 75:101728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Kim S, Shukla RK, Yu H, Baek A, Cressman SG, Golconda S, Lee GE, Choi H, Reneau JC, Wang Z, Huang CA, Liyanage NPM, Kim S. CD3e-immunotoxin spares CD62L lo Tregs and reshapes organ-specific T-cell composition by preferentially depleting CD3e hi T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011190. [PMID: 36389741 PMCID: PMC9643874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD3-epsilon(CD3e) immunotoxins (IT), a promising precision reagent for various clinical conditions requiring effective depletion of T cells, often shows limited treatment efficacy for largely unknown reasons. Tissue-resident T cells that persist in peripheral tissues have been shown to play pivotal roles in local and systemic immunity, as well as transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancers. The impact of CD3e-IT treatment on these local cells, however, remains poorly understood. Here, using a new murine testing model, we demonstrate a substantial enrichment of tissue-resident Foxp3+ Tregs following CD3e-IT treatment. Differential surface expression of CD3e among T-cell subsets appears to be a main driver of Treg enrichment in CD3e-IT treatment. The surviving Tregs in CD3e-IT-treated mice were mostly the CD3edimCD62Llo effector phenotype, but the levels of this phenotype markedly varied among different lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. We also found notable variations in surface CD3e levels among tissue-resident T cells of different organs, and these variations drive CD3e-IT to uniquely reshape T-cell compositions in local organs. The functions of organs and anatomic locations (lymph nodes) also affected the efficacy of CD3e-IT. The multi-organ pharmacodynamics of CD3e-IT and potential treatment resistance mechanisms identified in this study may generate new opportunities to further improve this promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rajni Kant Shukla
- Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hannah Yu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Alice Baek
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sophie G. Cressman
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sarah Golconda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ga-Eun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hyewon Choi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - John C. Reneau
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christene A. Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Namal P. M. Liyanage
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Department of Microbial Immunity and Infection, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Namal P. M. Liyanage, ; Sanggu Kim,
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Namal P. M. Liyanage, ; Sanggu Kim,
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20
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Yao Y, Miao X, Wang L, Jiang Z, Li L, Jiang P, Wang Y, Jin A, Li N, Wang C, Tan K, Meng Y, Bian J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Cao J. Methane Alleviates Lung Injury through the IL-10 Pathway by Increasing T Regulatory Cells in a Mouse Asthma Model. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6008376. [PMID: 35812246 PMCID: PMC9262571 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is associated with allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammatory cell infiltration. While moderate-to-severe asthma with refractory symptoms is difficult to treat, methane is protective against organ damage. In this study, an asthmatic mouse model was established. Airway resistance under acetylcholine stimulation in asthmatic mice and histology of lung tissue injury were determined. EOS infiltration was determined by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed for the determination of relevant cytokine levels in asthmatic mice with or without methane treatment. The potential mechanisms of methane under anti-IL-10 antibody intraperitoneal intervention were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry. Pulmonary T regulatory cells (Tregs) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and anti-CD25 antibody was used to block them. Immunoblot analysis was performed to evaluate if methane played a role in the asthmatic lungs via the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. The results showed that methane significantly improved airway compliance, relieved asthma-induced lung injury, and reduced EOS accumulation and inflammatory mediators in the lungs of ovalbumin-treated asthmatic mice. Anti-IL-10 treatment diminished the ameliorating effect of methane on asthma. In addition, methane enhanced pulmonary Tregs in asthma, which could be blocked by the anti-CD25 antibody. Further analysis revealed that methane decreased p-p65/p65 and p-p38/p38 expression. In conclusion, methane is a readily available and inexpensive molecule potentially suitable for human use, which can alleviate asthma-induced lung injury and EOS infiltration through the IL-10 pathway by increasing Tregs and decreasing NF-κB and p38 MAPK in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xiaoyong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuzhou General Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Lingxia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Psychopharmacology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Aixia Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kezhe Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
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21
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Bruschi F, Ashour D, Othman A. Trichinella-induced immunomodulation: Another tale of helminth success. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022; 27:e00164. [PMID: 35615625 PMCID: PMC9125654 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis is a unique parasite in that both the adults and larvae survive in two different intracellular niches in the same host. The immune response, albeit intense, is highly modulated to ensure the survival of both the host and the parasite. It is skewed to T helper 2 and regulatory arms. Diverse cells from both the innate and adaptive compartments of immunity, including dendritic cells, T regulatory cells, and alternatively activated macrophages are thought to mediate such immunomodulation. The parasite has also an outstanding ability to evade the immune system by several elaborate processes. The molecules derived from the parasites including Trichinella, particularly the components of the excretory-secretory products, are being continually identified and explored for the potential of ameliorating the immunopathology in animal models of diverse inflammatory and autoimmune human diseases. Herein we discuss the various aspects of Trichinella-induced immunomodulation with a special reference to the practical implications of the immune system manipulation in alleviating or possibly curing human diseases.
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Key Words
- AAM, alternatively activated macrophage
- AW, adult worm
- Allergy
- Autoimmune diseases
- Breg, regulatory B cell
- CAM, classically activated macrophage
- Cancer
- ES L1, ES product of T. spiralis muscle larva
- ES, excretory–secretory
- IFN- γ, interferon-γ
- IIL, intestinal infective larva
- IL, interleukin
- Immune evasion
- Immunomodulation
- ML, muscle larva
- NBL, newborn larva
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TNF- α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Th, T helper
- Tol-DC, tolerogenic dendritic cell
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- Trichinella
- Trichinella-derived molecules
- Ts-AES, ES from adult T. spiralis
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bruschi
- School of Medicine, Department of Translational Research, N.T.M.S., Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D.S. Ashour
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A.A. Othman
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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22
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Enhanced Extracellular Transfer of HLA-DQ Activates CD3+ Lymphocytes towards Compromised Treg Induction in Celiac Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116102. [PMID: 35682780 PMCID: PMC9181181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) manifests with autoimmune intestinal inflammation from gluten and genetic predisposition linked to human leukocyte antigen class-II (HLA-II) gene variants. Antigen-presenting cells facilitate gluten exposition through the interaction of their surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with the T cell receptor (TCR) on T lymphocytes. This fundamental mechanism of adaptive immunity has broadened upon recognition of extracellular exosomal MHC, raising awareness of an alternative means for antigen presentation. This study demonstrates that conditioned growth media (CGM) previously exposed to monocyte-derived dendritic cells from CeD significantly downregulates the CD3+ lineage marker of control T cells. Such increased activation was reflected in their elevated IL-2 secretion. Exosome localization motif identification and quantification within HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 transcripts highlighted their significant prevalence within HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with CeD susceptibility. Flow cytometry revealed the strong correlation between HLA-DQ and the CD63 exosomal marker in T cells exposed to CGM from MoDCs sourced from CeD patients. This resulted in lower concentrations of CD25+ CD127− T cells, suggestive of their compromised induction to T-regulatory cells associated with CeD homeostasis. This foremost comparative study deciphered the genomic basis and extracellular exosomal effects of HLA transfer on T lymphocytes in the context of CeD, offering greater insight into this auto-immune disease.
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23
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Immune Landscape in PTEN-Related Glioma Microenvironment: A Bioinformatic Analysis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040501. [PMID: 35448032 PMCID: PMC9029006 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: PTEN gene mutations are frequently found in the genetic landscape of high-grade gliomas since they influence cell proliferation, proangiogenetic pathways, and antitumoral immune response. The present bioinformatics analysis explores the PTEN gene expression profile in HGGs as a prognostic factor for survival, especially focusing on the related immune microenvironment. The effects of PTEN mutation on the susceptibility to conventional chemotherapy were also investigated. Methods: Clinical and genetic data of GBMs and normal tissue samples were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) online databases, respectively. The genetic differential expressions were analyzed in both groups via the one-way ANOVA test. Kaplan−Meier survival curves were applied to estimate the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer platform was chosen to assess the response of PTEN-mutated GBMs to temozolomide (TMZ). p < 0.05 was fixed as statistically significant. On Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases, the linkage between immune cell recruitment and PTEN status was assessed through Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results: PTEN was found mutated in 22.2% of the 617 TCGA-GBMs patients, with a higher log2-transcriptome per million reads compared to the GTEx group (255 samples). Survival curves revealed a worse OS and DFS, albeit not significant, for the high-PTEN profile GBMs. Spearman’s analysis of immune cells demonstrated a strong positive correlation between the PTEN status and infiltration of Treg (ρ = 0.179) and M2 macrophages (ρ = 0.303). The half-maximal inhibitor concentration of TMZ was proven to be lower for PTEN-mutated GBMs compared with PTEN wild-types. Conclusions: PTEN gene mutations prevail in GBMs and are strongly related to poor prognosis and least survival. The infiltrating immune lymphocytes Treg and M2 macrophages populate the glioma microenvironment and control the mechanisms of tumor progression, immune escape, and sensitivity to standard chemotherapy. Broader studies are required to confirm these findings and turn them into new therapeutic perspectives.
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Chen R, Hao Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Hu Y, Chen T, Zhang P, Li J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Immune Cell Interaction and Related Modulations for Bone Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7153584. [PMID: 35154331 PMCID: PMC8825274 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7153584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical bone defects and related delayed union and nonunion are still worldwide problems to be solved. Bone tissue engineering is mainly aimed at achieving satisfactory bone reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into bone cells and can be used as one of the key pillars of bone tissue engineering. In recent decades, immune responses play an important role in bone regeneration. Innate immune responses provide a suitable inflammatory microenvironment for bone regeneration and initiate bone regeneration in the early stage of fracture repair. Adaptive immune responses maintain bone regeneration and bone remodeling. MSCs and immune cells regulate each other. All kinds of immune cells and secreted cytokines can regulate the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, which have a strong immunomodulatory ability to these immune cells. This review mainly introduces the interaction between MSCs and immune cells on bone regeneration and its potential mechanism, and discusses the practical application in bone tissue engineering by modulating this kind of cell-to-cell crosstalk. Thus, an in-depth understanding of these principles of bone immunology can provide a new way for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongzhen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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25
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Morissette F, Mongeau-Pérusse V, Rizkallah E, Thébault P, Lepage S, Brissette S, Bruneau J, Dubreucq S, Stip E, Cailhier JF, Jutras-Aswad D. Exploring cannabidiol effects on inflammatory markers in individuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2101-2111. [PMID: 34331010 PMCID: PMC8505631 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a major public health issue associated with physical, social, and psychological problems. Excessive and repeated cocaine use induces oxidative stress leading to a systemic inflammatory response. Cannabidiol (CBD) has gained substantial interest for its anti-inflammatory properties, safety, and tolerability profile. However, CBD anti-inflammatory properties have yet to be confirmed in humans. This exploratory study is based on a single-site randomized controlled trial that enrolled participants with CUD between 18 and 65 years, randomized (1:1) to daily receive either CBD (800 mg) or placebo for 92 days. The trial was divided into a 10-day detoxification (phase I) followed by a 12-week outpatient follow-up (phase II). Blood samples were collected from 48 participants at baseline, day 8, week 4, and week 12 and were analyzed to determine monocytes and lymphocytes phenotypes, and concentrations of various inflammatory markers such as cytokines. We used generalized estimating equations to detect group differences. Participants treated with CBD had lower levels of interleukin-6 (p = 0.017), vascular endothelial growth factor (p = 0.032), intermediate monocytes CD14+CD16+ (p = 0.024), and natural killer CD56negCD16hi (p = 0.000) compared with participants receiving placebo. CD25+CD4+T cells were higher in the CBD group (p = 0.007). No significant group difference was observed for B lymphocytes. This study suggests that CBD may exert anti-inflammatory effects in individuals with CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Morissette
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Elie Rizkallah
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Paméla Thébault
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,Montreal Cancer Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Stéphanie Lepage
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,Montreal Cancer Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Suzanne Brissette
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Julie Bruneau
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Simon Dubreucq
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Emmanuel Stip
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.43519.3a0000 0001 2193 6666Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jean-François Cailhier
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC Canada ,Montreal Cancer Institute, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Didier Jutras-Aswad
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada. .,University Institute on Addictions, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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26
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Lehmkuhl P, Gentz M, Garcia de Otezya AC, Grimbacher B, Schulze-Koops H, Skapenko A. Dysregulated immunity in PID patients with low GARP expression on Tregs due to mutations in LRRC32. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1677-1691. [PMID: 34059789 PMCID: PMC8245512 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune dysregulation diseases are characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and may have severe disease courses. The identification of the genetic causes of these diseases therefore has critical clinical implications. We performed whole-exome sequencing of patients with immune dysregulation disorders and identified two patients with previously undescribed mutations in LRRC32, which encodes glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP). These patients were characterized by markedly reduced numbers and frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs with mutated LRRC32 exhibited strongly diminished cell-surface GARP expression and reduced suppressor function. In a model of conditional Garp deficiency in mice, we confirmed increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases once GARP expression on Tregs was decreased. Garp deficiency led to an unstable Treg phenotype due to diminished Foxp3 protein acetylation and stability. Our study reinforces the understanding of the immunological mechanisms of immune dysregulation and expands the knowledge on the immunological function of GARP as an important regulator of Treg stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lehmkuhl
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Magdalena Gentz
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Caballero Garcia de Otezya
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Schulze-Koops
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alla Skapenko
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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27
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Walens A, Olsson LT, Gao X, Hamilton AM, Kirk EL, Cohen SM, Midkiff BR, Xia Y, Sherman ME, Nikolaishvili-Feinberg N, Serody JS, Hoadley KA, Troester MA, Calhoun BC. Protein-based immune profiles of basal-like vs. luminal breast cancers. J Transl Med 2021; 101:785-793. [PMID: 33623115 PMCID: PMC8140991 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes play an important, but incompletely understood role in chemotherapy response and prognosis. In breast cancer, there appear to be distinct immune responses by subtype, but most studies have used limited numbers of protein markers or bulk sequencing of RNA to characterize immune response, in which spatial organization cannot be assessed. To identify immune phenotypes of Basal-like vs. Luminal breast cancer we used the GeoMx® (NanoString) platform to perform digital spatial profiling of immune-related proteins in tumor whole sections and tissue microarrays (TMA). Visualization of CD45, CD68, or pan-Cytokeratin by immunofluorescence was used to select regions of interest in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections. Forty-four antibodies representing stromal markers and multiple immune cell types were applied to quantify the tumor microenvironment. In whole tumor slides, immune hot spots (CD45+) had increased expression of many immune markers, suggesting a diverse and robust immune response. In epithelium-enriched areas, immune signals were also detectable and varied by subtype, with regulatory T-cell (Treg) markers (CD4, CD25, and FOXP3) being higher in Basal-like vs. Luminal breast cancer. Extending these findings to TMAs with more patients (n = 75), we confirmed subtype-specific immune profiles, including enrichment of Treg markers in Basal-likes. This work demonstrated that immune responses can be detected in epithelium-rich tissue, and that TMAs are a viable approach for obtaining important immunoprofiling data. In addition, we found that immune marker expression is associated with breast cancer subtype, suggesting possible prognostic, or targetable differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Walens
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Linnea T Olsson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xiaohua Gao
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alina M Hamilton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Erin L Kirk
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie M Cohen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Bentley R Midkiff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yongjuan Xia
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Nana Nikolaishvili-Feinberg
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan S Serody
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Katherine A Hoadley
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Benjamin C Calhoun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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28
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Dehbashi M, Hojati Z, Motovali-Bashi M, Ganjalikhany MR, Cho WC, Shimosaka A, Navabi P, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M. A Novel CAR Expressing NK Cell Targeting CD25 With the Prospect of Overcoming Immune Escape Mechanism in Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649710. [PMID: 34055618 PMCID: PMC8160382 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, high-affinity subunit of IL-2 receptor (CD25) has been considered as a promising therapeutic target for different pathologic conditions like allograft rejection, autoimmunity, and cancers. Although CD25 is transiently expressed by newly-activated T cells, it is the hallmark of regulatory T (Treg) cells which are the most important immunosuppressive elements in tumor microenvironment. Thus, Tregs can be considered as a potential target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based therapeutic approaches. On the other hand, due to some profound adverse effects pertaining to the use of CAR T cells, CAR NK cells have caught researchers’ attention as a safer choice. Based on these, the aim of this study was to design and develop a CAR NK cell against CD25 as the most prominent biomarker of Tregs with the prospect of overcoming immune escape mechanism in solid and liquid cancers. In the current study, an anti-CD25 CAR was designed and evaluated by comprehensive in silico analyses. Then, using lentiviral transduction system, NK-92 cell line was engineered to express this anti-CD25 CAR construct. In vitro functional analyses of anti-CD25 CAR for its reactivity against CD25 antigen as well as for cytotoxicity and cytokine production assays against CD25 bearing Jurkat cell line were done. In silico analyses demonstrated that the anti-CD25 CAR transcript and scFv protein structures were stable and had proper interaction with the target. Also, in vitro analyses showed that the anti-CD25 CAR-engineered NK-92 cells were able to specifically detect and lyse target cells with an appropriate cytokine production and cytotoxic activity. To conclude, the results showed that this novel CAR NK cell is functional and warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Dehbashi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Hojati
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Motovali-Bashi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Ganjalikhany
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Akihiro Shimosaka
- Institute of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Parnian Navabi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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29
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Mansourabadi AH, Mohamed Khosroshahi L, Noorbakhsh F, Amirzargar A. Cell therapy in transplantation: A comprehensive review of the current applications of cell therapy in transplant patients with the focus on Tregs, CAR Tregs, and Mesenchymal stem cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107669. [PMID: 33965760 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplantation is a practical treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Despite the advances in short-term graft survival, long-term graft survival remains the main challenge considering the increased mortality and morbidity associated with chronic rejection and the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs. Since a novel therapeutic strategy to induce allograft tolerance seems urgent, focusing on developing novel and safe approaches to prolong graft survival is one of the main goals of transplant investigators. Researchers in the field of organ transplantation are interested in suppressing or optimizing the immune responses by focusing on immune cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), polyclonal regulatory Tcells (Tregs), and antigen-specific Tregs engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR Tregs). We review the mechanistic pathways, phenotypic and functional characteristics of these cells, and their promising application in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mansourabadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohamed Khosroshahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Zalfa C, Paust S. Natural Killer Cell Interactions With Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment and Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633205. [PMID: 34025641 PMCID: PMC8133367 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of cancer cells, tumor stroma, a mixture of tissue-resident and infiltrating immune cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in fighting tumors, but chronic stimulation and immunosuppression in the TME lead to NK cell exhaustion and limited antitumor functions. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid cells with potent immunosuppressive activity that gradually accumulate in tumor tissues. MDSCs interact with innate and adaptive immune cells and play a crucial role in negatively regulating the immune response to tumors. This review discusses MDSC-mediated NK cell regulation within the TME, focusing on critical cellular and molecular interactions. We review current strategies that target MDSC-mediated immunosuppression to enhance NK cell cytotoxic antitumor activity. We also speculate on how NK cell-based antitumor immunotherapy could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke Paust
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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31
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Moreira C, Paiola M, Duflot A, Varó I, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Knigge T, Pinto P, Monsinjon T. The influence of 17β-oestradiol on lymphopoiesis and immune system ontogenesis in juvenile sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:104011. [PMID: 33460678 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The female sex steroid 17β-oestradiol (E2) is involved in the regulation of numerous physiological functions, including the immune system development and performance. The role of oestrogens during ontogenesis is, however, not well studied. In rodents and fish, thymus maturation appears to be oestrogen-dependent. Nevertheless, little is known about the function of oestrogen in immune system development. To further the understanding of the role of oestrogens in fish immune system ontogenesis, fingerlings of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were exposed for 30 days to 20 ng E2·L-1, at two ages tightly related to thymic maturation, i.e., 60 or 90 days post hatch (dph). The expression of nuclear and membrane oestrogen receptors was measured in the thymus and spleen, and the expression of several T cell-related gene markers was studied in both immune organs, as well as in the liver. Waterborne E2-exposure at 20.2 ± 2.1 (S.E.) ng·L-1 was confirmed by radioimmunoassay, leading to significantly higher E2-contents in the liver of exposed fish. The majority of gene markers presented age-dependent dynamics in at least one of the organs, confirming thymus maturation, but also suggesting a critical ontogenetic window for the implementation of liver resident γδ and αβ T cells. The oestrogen receptors, however, remained unchanged over the age and treatment comparisons with the exception of esr2b, which was modulated by E2 in the younger cohort and increased its expression with age in the thymus of the older cohort, as did the membrane oestrogen receptor gpera. These results confirm that oestrogen-signalling is involved in thymus maturation in European sea bass, as it is in mammals. This suggests that esr2b and gpera play key roles during thymus ontogenesis, particularly during medulla maturation. In contrast, the spleen expressed low or non-detectable levels of oestrogen receptors. The E2-exposure decreased the expression of tcrγ in the liver in the cohort exposed from 93 to 122 dph, but not the expression of any other immune-related gene analysed. These results indicate that the proliferation/migration of these innate-like T cell populations is oestrogen-sensitive. In regard to the apparent prominent role of oestrogen-signalling in the late thymus maturation stage, the thymic differentiation of the corresponding subpopulations of T cells might be regulated by oestrogen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the dynamics of both nuclear and membrane oestrogen receptors in specific immune organs in a teleost fish at very early stages of immune system development as well as to examine thymic function in sea bass after an exposure to E2 during ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Moreira
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), University of Le Havre Normandy, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Matthieu Paiola
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), University of Le Havre Normandy, F-76600, Le Havre, France; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 14642, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), University of Le Havre Normandy, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Inma Varó
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de La Sal, CSIC, 12595, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | | | - Thomas Knigge
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), University of Le Havre Normandy, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Patrícia Pinto
- Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Tiphaine Monsinjon
- UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), University of Le Havre Normandy, F-76600, Le Havre, France.
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32
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Rolfes L, Pawlitzki M, Pfeuffer S, Huntemann N, Wiendl H, Ruck T, Meuth SG. Failed, Interrupted, or Inconclusive Trials on Immunomodulatory Treatment Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis: Update 2015-2020. BioDrugs 2021; 34:587-610. [PMID: 32785877 PMCID: PMC7519896 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-020-00435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment has experienced vast changes resulting from major advances in disease-modifying therapies (DMT). Looking at the overall number of studies, investigations with therapeutic advantages and encouraging results are exceeded by studies of promising compounds that failed due to either negative or inconclusive results or have been interrupted for other reasons. Importantly, these failed clinical trials are informative experiments that can help us to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying MS. In several trials, concepts taken from experimental models were not translatable to humans, although they did not lack a well-considered pathophysiological rationale. The lessons learned from these discrepancies may benefit future studies and reduce the risks for patients. This review summarizes trials on MS since 2015 that have either failed or have been interrupted for various reasons. We identify potential causes of failure or inconclusiveness, looking at the path from basic animal experiments to clinical trials, and discuss the implications for our current view on MS pathogenesis, clinical practice, and future study designs. We focus on anti-inflammatory treatment strategies, without including studies on already approved and effective DMT. Clinical trials addressing neuroprotective and alternative treatment strategies are presented in a separate article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leoni Rolfes
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Pfeuffer
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas Huntemann
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology With Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Zhang M, Zheng P, Wang Y, Sun B. Two predicted models based on ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11029. [PMID: 33828913 PMCID: PMC7996073 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well accepted that both competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and immune microenvironment exert crucial roles in the tumor prognosis. The present study aimed to find prognostic ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Materials and Methods More specifically, we explored the associations of crucial ceRNAs with the immune microenvironment. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was employed to obtain expression profiles of ceRNAs and clinical data. CIBERSORT was utilized to quantify the proportion of 22 immune cells in LUAD. Results We constructed two cox regression models based on crucial ceRNAs and immune cells to predict prognosis in LUAD. Subsequently, seven ceRNAs and seven immune cells were involved in prognostic models. We validated both predicted models via an independent cohort GSE72094. Interestingly, both predicted models proved that the longer patients were smoking, the higher risk scores would be obtained. We further investigated the relationships between seven genes and immune/stromal scores via the ESTIMATE algorithm. The results indicated that CDC14A and H1F0 expression were significantly related to stromal scores/immune scores in LUAD. Moreover, based on the result of the ceRNA model, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) suggested that differences in immune status were evident between high- and low-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyan Zheng
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
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Oner F, Alvarez C, Yaghmoor W, Stephens D, Hasturk H, Firatli E, Kantarci A. Resolvin E1 Regulates Th17 Function and T Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637983. [PMID: 33815391 PMCID: PMC8009993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator derived from eicosapentaenoic acid and plays a critical role in resolving inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Th17 cells are a distinct group of T helper (Th) cells with tissue-destructive functions in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases via the secretion of IL-17. Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen presentation regulates the Th17-induced progression of inflammation and tissue destruction. In this study, we hypothesized that the RvE1 would restore homeostatic balance and inflammation by targeting the Th17 function. We designed three experiments to investigate the impact of RvE1 on different phases of Th17 response and the potential role of DCs: First CD4+ T cells were induced by IL-6/TGFβ to measure the effect of RvE1 on Th17 differentiation in an inflammatory milieu. Second, we measured the impact of RvE1 on DC-stimulated Th17 differentiation in a co-culture model. Third, we measured the effect of RvE1 on DC maturation. RvE1 blocked the CD25, CCR6 and IL-17 expression; IL-17, IL-21, IL-10, and IL-2 production, suggesting inhibition of T cell activation, Th17 stimulation and chemoattraction. RvE1 also suppressed the activation of DCs by limiting their pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Our findings collectively demonstrated that the RvE1 targeted the Th17 activation and the DC function as a potential mechanism for inflammatory resolution and acquired immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Oner
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Carla Alvarez
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wael Yaghmoor
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Erhan Firatli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Choi Y, Jung JH, Lee EG, Kim KM, Yoo WH. 4-phenylbutyric acid mediates therapeutic effect in systemic lupus erythematosus: Observations in an experimental murine lupus model. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:460. [PMID: 33747192 PMCID: PMC7967889 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our previous study demonstrated aberrant responses of T lymphocytes to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in patients with SLE. The present study investigated whether ER stress inhibition by 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) ameliorated lupus manifestations in an experimental lupus model and the effect of ER stress inhibition on the frequency and function of Tregs. A murine lupus model was induced through a 4-week treatment with Resiquimod, a toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist. From the 8th week, the mice were treated with 4-PBA for 4 weeks. 4-PBA significantly decreased the levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies and serum TNF-α. A significant decrease in glomerulonephritis score was also observed in the 4-PBA-treated group. ER stress inhibition decreased the activated T and B lymphocytes population of splenocytes; however, the population of Tregs was not significantly different between the vehicle and 4-PBA group. However, a markedly enhanced suppressive capacity of Treg was detected in the 4-PBA-treated group. The present results suggest that ER stress inhibition attenuated disease activity in an experimental model by improving the suppressive capacity of Tregs. Therefore, reduction of ER stress could be used as a beneficial therapeutic strategy in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjung Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Gyeong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Jeonjuk National Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Hee Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54907, Republic of Korea
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36
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Deng B, Zhang W, Zhu Y, Li Y, Li D, Li B. FOXP3 + regulatory T cells and age-related diseases. FEBS J 2021; 289:319-335. [PMID: 33529458 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Dysregulation of Treg cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and chronic inflammation, while aging is characterized by an accumulation of inflammatory markers in the peripheral blood, a phenomenon known as 'inflammaging'. The relationship between Treg cells and age-related diseases remains to be further studied. Increasing evidence revealed that Treg cells' dysfunction occurs in aged patients, suggesting that immune therapies targeting Treg cells may be a promising approach to treat diseases such as cancers and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, drugs targeting Treg cells show encouraging results and contribute to CD8+ T-cell-mediated cytotoxic killing of tumor and infected cells. In general, a better understanding of Treg cell function may help us to develop new immune therapies against aging. In this review, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies to modify immune responses of relevance for aging to prevent and treat age-related diseases, as well as the challenges posed by the translation of novel immune therapies into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaolong Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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37
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McCarthy S, Agudo J. Immune-keratinocyte crosstalk in healthy and cancerous epidermis. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Chen YC, Pai MH, Chen YT, Hou YC. Dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos affects systemic and hepatic immune-cell phenotypes in diabetic mice. Toxicology 2021; 452:152698. [PMID: 33524429 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces low-grade systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation, leading to overstated reactions to immune stimuli and diabetes-related organ damage. Tissue inflammation is characterized by leukocyte infiltration, and T cells play crucial roles in directing leukocyte-mediated inflammatory responses. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) on systemic and hepatic immune-cell phenotypes in C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ for 5 consecutive days to induce diabetes, and diabetic mice were given either an AIN-93-based control diet or a CPF-containing diet at doses of 0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg body weight/day for 28 days. Results showed that dietary exposure to CPF had no influence on the body weight or the erythrocyte hemoglobin A1c level in diabetic mice. Both blood and hepatic neutrophil populations were enhanced by CPF exposure. CPF-exposed groups had lower percentages of blood T cells without altering the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets, and lower expression levels of the Bcl-2 antiapoptotic gene in the spleen. CPF exposure reduced the percentage of blood regulatory T cells (Tregs); however, the Treg population was upregulated in the liver even when hepatic T cells were not affected by CPF in diabetic mice. Hepatic expressions of Treg-related genes were suppressed in all CPF-exposed groups. Higher plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase and expression levels of the hepatic interleukin-1β gene were observed in diabetic mice exposed to medium and high doses of CPF. These findings suggest that dietary exposure to CPF affects the distribution of both myeloid and lymphoid immune cells in the blood and liver under hyperglycemic conditions, which may lead to hyperinflammation when encountering immune stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Chen
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hui Pai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tien Chen
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hou
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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39
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Shi X, Li Q, Wang Y. Impact of regulatory T cells on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23957. [PMID: 33545975 PMCID: PMC7837976 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review current available literature to assess the impact of regulatory T cells (Tregs) on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We will browse the online databases of PubMed and Cochrane Library. The summary hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) will be combined to present the value reported in the study. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis will provide useful guidance in treatment of HCC based on the reported evidences regarding the impact of Tregs on the prognosis of HCC. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER 10.17605/OSF.IO/3Q8PW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Shi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital & Yancheng First Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Qisong Li
- College of Medical Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Yungang Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital & Yancheng First Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
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40
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Application of Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 to Achieve Term Pregnancies in Women with Repetitive Abortion or Infertility of Unknown Origin by Microbiological and Immunological Modulation of the Vaginal Ecosystem. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010162. [PMID: 33419054 PMCID: PMC7825435 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the cervicovaginal environment of women with reproductive failure (repetitive abortion, infertility of unknown origin) was assessed and compared to that of healthy fertile women. Subsequently, the ability of Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT5713 to increase pregnancy rates in women with reproductive failure was evaluated. Vaginal pH and Nugent score were higher in women with reproductive failure than in fertile women. The opposite was observed regarding the immune factors TGF-β 1, TFG-β 2, and VEFG. Lactobacilli were detected at a higher frequency and concentration in fertile women than in women with repetitive abortion or infertility. The metataxonomic study revealed that vaginal samples from fertile women were characterized by the high abundance of Lactobacillus sequences, while DNA from this genus was practically absent in one third of samples from women with reproductive failure. Daily oral administration of L. salivarius CECT5713 (~9 log10 CFU/day) to women with reproductive failure for a maximum of 6 months resulted in an overall successful pregnancy rate of 56%. The probiotic intervention modified key microbiological, biochemical, and immunological parameters in women who got pregnant. In conclusion, L. salivarius CECT5713 has proved to be a good candidate to improve reproductive success in women with reproductive failure.
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Dai Q, Wu W, Amei A, Yan X, Lu L, Wang Z. Regulation and characterization of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in breast cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107167. [PMID: 33223469 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of immunosuppression blockade therapies depends on the infiltration of effector T cells and other immune cells in tumor. However, it is unclear how molecular pathways regulate the infiltration of immune cells, as well as how interactions between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and T cell activation affect breast cancer patient survival. CIBERSORT was used to estimate the relative abundance of 22 immune cell types. The association between mRNAs and immune cell abundance were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. Enriched pathways were identified using MetaCore pathway analysis. The interactions between the T cell activation status and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate Cox regression models in a publicly available dataset of 1081 breast cancer patients. The role of tumor-infiltrating B cells in antitumor immunity, immune response of T cell subsets, and breakdown of CD4+ T cell peripheral tolerance were positively associated with M1 macrophage and CD8+ T cell but negatively associated with M2 macrophage. Abundant plasma cell was associated with prolonged survival (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32-0.67), and abundant M2 macrophage was associated with shortened survival (HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23-2.60). There exists a significant interaction between the T cell activation status and the resting DC abundance level (p = 0.025). Molecular pathways associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells provide future directions for developing cancer immunotherapies to control immune cell infiltration, and further influence T cell activation and patient survival in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qile Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weimiao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amei Amei
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Xiting Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Zuoheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Norton DL, Ceppe A, Tune MK, McCravy M, Devlin T, Drummond MB, Carson SS, Vincent BG, Hagan RS, Dang H, Doerschuk CM, Mock JR. Bronchoalveolar Tregs are associated with duration of mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Transl Med 2020; 18:427. [PMID: 33176790 PMCID: PMC7656499 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play essential roles in immune homeostasis and repair of damaged lung tissue. We hypothesized that patients whose lung injury resolves quickly, as measured by time to liberation from mechanical ventilation, have a higher percentage of Tregs amongst CD4+ T cells in either airway, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or peripheral blood samples. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients with ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation and collected serial samples, the first within 72 h of ARDS diagnosis (day 0) and the second 48–96 h later (day 3). We analyzed immune cell populations and cytokines in BAL, tracheal aspirates and peripheral blood, as well as cytokines in plasma, obtained at the time of bronchoscopy. The study cohort was divided into fast resolvers (FR; n = 8) and slow resolvers (SR; n = 5), based on the median number of days until first extubation for all participants (n = 13). The primary measure was the percentage of CD4+ T cells that were Tregs. Results The BAL of FR contained more Tregs than SR. This finding did not extend to Tregs in tracheal aspirates or blood. BAL Tregs expressed more of the full-length FOXP3 than a splice variant missing exon 2 compared to Tregs in simultaneously obtained peripheral blood. Conclusion Tregs are present in the bronchoalveolar space during ARDS. A greater percentage of CD4+ cells were Tregs in the BAL of FR than SR. Tregs may play a role in the resolution of ARDS, and enhancing their numbers or functions may be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin L Norton
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Agathe Ceppe
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Miriya K Tune
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew McCravy
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Devlin
- Department of Respiratory Care, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Bradley Drummond
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shannon S Carson
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin G Vincent
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert S Hagan
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claire M Doerschuk
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason R Mock
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Marsico Hall 7203, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Jewanraj J, Ngcapu S, Osman F, Mtshali A, Singh R, Mansoor LE, Abdool Karim SS, Abdool Karim Q, Passmore JAS, Liebenberg LJP. The Impact of Semen Exposure on the Immune and Microbial Environments of the Female Genital Tract. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2020; 2:566559. [PMID: 36304709 PMCID: PMC9580648 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2020.566559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Semen induces an immune response at the female genital tract (FGT) to promote conception. It is also the primary vector for HIV transmission to women during condomless sex. Since genital inflammation and immune activation increase HIV susceptibility in women, semen-induced alterations at the FGT may have implications for HIV risk. Here we investigated the impact of semen exposure, as measured by self-reported condom use and Y-chromosome DNA (YcDNA) detection, on biomarkers of female genital inflammation associated with HIV acquisition. Methods: Stored genital specimens were collected biannually (mean 5 visits) from 153 HIV-negative women participating in the CAPRISA 008 tenofovir gel open-label extension trial. YcDNA was detected in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) pellets by RT-PCR and served as a biomarker of semen exposure within 15 days of genital sampling. Protein concentrations were measured in CVL supernatants by multiplexed ELISA, and the frequency of activated CD4+CCR5+ HIV targets was assessed on cytobrush-derived specimens by flow cytometry. Common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria were measured by PCR. Multivariable linear mixed models were used to assess the relationship between YcDNA detection and biomarkers of inflammation over time. Results: YcDNA was detected at least once in 69% (106/153) of women during the trial (median 2, range 1-5 visits), and was associated with marital status, cohabitation, the frequency of vaginal sex, and Nugent Score. YcDNA detection but not self-reported condom use was associated with elevated concentrations of several cytokines: IL-12p70, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-13, IP-10, MIG, IL-7, PDGF-BB, SCF, VEGF, β-NGF, and biomarkers of epithelial barrier integrity: MMP-2 and TIMP-4; and with reduced concentrations of IL-18 and MIF. YcDNA detection was not associated with alterations in immune cell frequencies but was related to increased detection of P. bivia (OR = 1.970; CI 1.309-2.965; P = 0.001) at the FGT. Conclusion: YcDNA detection but not self-reported condom use was associated with alterations in cervicovaginal cytokines, BV-associated bacteria, and matrix metalloproteinases, and may have implications for HIV susceptibility in women. This study highlights the discrepancies related to self-reported condom use and the need for routine screening for biomarkers of semen exposure in studies of mucosal immunity to HIV and other STIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Jewanraj
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sinaye Ngcapu
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Farzana Osman
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Mtshali
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ravesh Singh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Services, KwaZulu-Natal Academic Complex, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Leila E. Mansoor
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Salim S. Abdool Karim
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jo-Ann S. Passmore
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lenine J. P. Liebenberg
- Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Hu X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Kong D, Kong J, Zhao D, Guo Y, Sun L, Chu L, Liu S, Hou X, Ren F, Zhao Y, Lu C, Zhai D, Yuan X. The anti-B7-H4 checkpoint synergizes trastuzumab treatment to promote phagocytosis and eradicate breast cancer. Neoplasia 2020; 22:539-553. [PMID: 32966956 PMCID: PMC7509589 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Trastuzumab is a humanized mAb used to treat HER2-overexpressing breast cancer; however its mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Previous studies suggest a role for immunity in mediating trastuzumab-specific antitumor effects. This study evaluated the role(s) of trastuzumab and other antibodies on macrophage activation and Ab-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) of HER2+ breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We employed orthotopic implantation of HER2+ murine breast cancer (BC) cells in immunocompetent mouse models, a human HER2+ BC xenograft in an immune humanized mouse model, and human PDXs involving adoptive transfer of autologous macrophages to simulate an endogenous mammary tumor-immune microenvironment. Our study demonstrated that trastuzumab greatly and consistently increased macrophage frequency and tumor-cell phagocytosis, and that concurrent knockdown of B7-H4 by a neutralizing antibody increased immune cell infiltration and promoted an antitumor phenotype. Furthermore, neoadjuvant trastuzumab therapy significantly upregulated B7-H4 in the cancer-infiltrating macrophages of HER2+ BC patients, which predicted poor trastuzumab response. We suggest that strategies to specifically enhance ADCP activity might be critical to overcoming resistance to HER2 mAb therapies by inhibiting tumor growth and potentially enhance antigen presentation. Furthermore, these results advance the understanding of macrophage plasticity by uncovering a dual role for ADCP in macrophages involving elimination of tumors by engulfing cancer cells while causing a concomitant undesired effect by upregulating immunosuppressive checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xiusen Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Dejiu Kong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jinyu Kong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yibo Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Luoyi Chu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Shupei Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xurong Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chengbiao Lu
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Desheng Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
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45
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Zhu X, Zhu J. CD4 T Helper Cell Subsets and Related Human Immunological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8011. [PMID: 33126494 PMCID: PMC7663252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in protecting hosts from the invasion of organisms. CD4 T cells, as a key component of the immune system, are central in orchestrating adaptive immune responses. After decades of investigation, five major CD4 T helper cell (Th) subsets have been identified: Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg (T regulatory), and Tfh (follicular T helper) cells. Th1 cells, defined by the expression of lineage cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ and the master transcription factor T-bet, participate in type 1 immune responses to intracellular pathogens such as mycobacterial species and viruses; Th2 cells, defined by the expression of lineage cytokines interleukin (IL)-4/IL-5/IL-13 and the master transcription factor GAΤA3, participate in type 2 immune responses to larger extracellular pathogens such as helminths; Th17 cells, defined by the expression of lineage cytokines IL-17/IL-22 and the master transcription factor RORγt, participate in type 3 immune responses to extracellular pathogens including some bacteria and fungi; Tfh cells, by producing IL-21 and expressing Bcl6, help B cells produce corresponding antibodies; whereas Foxp3-expressing Treg cells, unlike Th1/Th2/Th17/Tfh exerting their effector functions, regulate immune responses to maintain immune cell homeostasis and prevent immunopathology. Interestingly, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been found to mimic the functions of three major effector CD4 T helper subsets (Th1, Th2, and Th17) and thus can also be divided into three major subsets: ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s. In this review, we will discuss the differentiation and functions of each CD4 T helper cell subset in the context of ILCs and human diseases associated with the dysregulation of these lymphocyte subsets particularly caused by monogenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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46
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Chen X, Fan X, Zhao C, Zhao Z, Hu L, Wang D, Wang R, Fang Z. Molecular subtyping of glioblastoma based on immune-related genes for prognosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15495. [PMID: 32968155 PMCID: PMC7511296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with an increasing mortality and morbidity and is considered as an aggressive brain tumor. Recently, extensive studies have been carried out to examine the molecular biology of GBM, and the progression of GBM has been suggested to be correlated with the tumor immunophenotype in a variety of studies. Samples in the current study were extracted from the ImmPort and TCGA databases to identify immune-related genes affecting GBM prognosis. A total of 92 immune-related genes displaying a significant correlation with prognosis were mined, and a shrinkage estimate was conducted on them. Among them, the 14 most representative genes showed a marked correlation with patient prognosis, and LASSO and stepwise regression analysis was carried out to further identify the genes for the construction of a predictive GBM prognosis model. Then, samples in training and test cohorts were incorporated into the model and divided to evaluate the efficiency, stability, and accuracy of the model to predict and classify the prognosis of patients and to identify the relevant immune features according to the median value of RiskScore (namely, Risk-H and Risk-L). In addition, the constructed model was able to instruct clinicians in diagnosis and prognosis prediction for various immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China. .,Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Chenggang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Lizhu Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Delong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Ruiting Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyou Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
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47
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Chen W, Yuan Y, Jiang X. Antibody and antibody fragments for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2020; 328:395-406. [PMID: 32853733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibody has become the most rapidly expanding class of pharmaceuticals for treating a wide variety of human diseases including cancers. Especially, with the fast development of cancer immunotherapy, antibody drugs have become the most promising therapeutic for curing cancers. Immune-mediated cell killing by antibodies including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) as well as regulation of T cell function through immune checkpoint blockade. Due to the absence of Fc fragment, antibody fragments including single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) and single-domain antibodies (sdAds) are mainly applied in chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cell therapy for redirecting T cells to tumors and T cell activation by immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, the cancer immunity is first discussed. Then the principal mechanisms of antibody-based immunotherapy will be reviewed. Next, the antibody and antibody fragments applied for cancer immunotherapy will be summarized. Bispecific and multispecific antibodies and a combination of cancer immunotherapy with other tumor treatments will also be mentioned. Finally, an outlook and perspective of antibody-based cancer immunotherapy will be given. This review would provide a comprehensive guidance for the researchers who are interested in and intended to involve in the antibodies- or antibody fragments-based tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Yang Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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48
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Parrilla I, Martinez EA, Gil MA, Cuello C, Roca J, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Martinez CA. Boar seminal plasma: current insights on its potential role for assisted reproductive technologies in swine. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200022. [PMID: 33029213 PMCID: PMC7534575 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP) supports not only sperm function but also the ability of spermatozoa to withstand biotechnological procedures as artificial insemination, freezing or sex sorting. Moreover, evidence has been provided that SP contains identifiable molecules which can act as fertility biomarkers, and even improve the output of assisted reproductive technologies by acting as modulators of endometrial and embryonic changes of gene expression, thus affecting embryo development and fertility beyond the sperm horizon. In this overview, we discuss current knowledge of the composition of SP, mainly proteins and cytokines, and their influence on semen basic procedures, such as liquid storage or cryopreservation. The role of SP as modulator of endometrial and embryonic molecular changes that lead to successful pregnancy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Parrilla
- Departmento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de de Excelencia International "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio Arsenio Martinez
- Departmento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de de Excelencia International "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Antonia Gil
- Departmento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de de Excelencia International "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Cuello
- Departmento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de de Excelencia International "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Roca
- Departmento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de de Excelencia International "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Murcia, Spain
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Cristina Alicia Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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49
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Cole KE, Ly QP, Hollingsworth MA, Cox JL, Stromnes IM, Padussis JC, Foster JM, Vargas LM, Talmadge JE. Comparative phenotypes of peripheral blood and spleen cells from cancer patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106655. [PMID: 32521493 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with resectable tumor, either in the body or the tail of the pancreas, and cancer patients with a primary tumor adjacent to the splenic vasculature frequently undergo a splenectomy as standard of care during resection. The spleen provides an unutilized source of lymphocytes with potential utility for adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). In this report, spleen and peripheral blood (PB) cells from cancer patients were compared to one another and normal PB by flow cytometry with a focus on CD8+ T-cells, memory phenotype, and their relative expression of checkpoint proteins including program death ligand-1 (PD1). PD1 is both an activation marker for T-cells including antigen (Ag) specific responses, as well as a marker of T-cell exhaustion associated with co-expression of other checkpoint molecules such as lymphocyte activating gene-3 (LAG-3) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing-3 (TIM-3). In summary, the spleen is a rich source of CD8+PD1+ T-cells, with an 8-fold higher frequency compared to the PB. These CD8+ T-cells are predominantly central and transitional memory T-cells with associated effector phenotypes and low expression of TIM-3 and LAG-3 with potential utility for ACT".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Cole
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Quan P Ly
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4990, USA
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ingunn M Stromnes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - James C Padussis
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4990, USA
| | - Jason M Foster
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4990, USA
| | - Luciano M Vargas
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4990, USA
| | - James E Talmadge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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50
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Jukić T, Jurin Martić A, Ivanković S, Antica M, Pavan Jukić D, Rotim C, Jurin M. The role of regulatory T lymphocytes in immune control of MC-2 fibrosarcoma. Acta Clin Croat 2020; 59:351-358. [PMID: 33456124 PMCID: PMC7808230 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2020.59.02.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of T regulatory lymphocytes (Treg) particularly in cancer is well known. The goal of the present study was to determine the contribution of these lymphocytes in the regulation of anti-tumor immunity of CBA/HZgr mice against MC-2 fibrosarcoma (4th generation of methylcholanthrene induced tumor). The levels of T lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+CD25+) were determined 8 and 20 days after tumor transplantation. Further, the role of CD4+CD25+ (Tregs) in tumor-host interaction was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by using specific monoclonal antibodies. We found that splenocytes of both control and Treg depleted tumor bearing mice strongly but differently inhibited growth of tumor cells in vitro. While splenocytes of untreated mice exhibited significant decrease of this activity (from 74.4% to 62.6% and 32.95%), the splenocytes of Treg depleted mice showed increase of this activity (from 79.5% to 84.3% and 86.2%) from day 6 to day 13 and day 21 after tumor grafting, respectively. Further, upon i.v. injecting specific monoclonal anti-Treg antibody tumor immediately prior to tumor cell intracutaneous transplantation, the tumor was rejected after initial growth. In treated mice, the incidence of Treg cells was very low initially, reaching normal values two weeks later. These animals were shown to be resistant to tumor transplantation four months later.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Jurin Martić
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Ivanković
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mariastefania Antica
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Doroteja Pavan Jukić
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Cecilija Rotim
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mislav Jurin
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 2Čakovec County Hospital, Čakovec, Croatia; 3Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia; 4Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, Zagreb, Croatia; 6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 7Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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