1
|
Bravo-San Pedro JM, Aranda F, Buqué A, Galluzzi L. Preface. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 185:xvii-xxiv. [PMID: 38556455 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(24)00112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bravo-San Pedro JM, Aranda F, Buqué A, Galluzzi L. Animal models of disease: Achievements and challenges. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 188:xv-xxi. [PMID: 38880531 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(24)00164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang F, Lee SY, Adelnia F, Takahashi K, Harkins KD, He L, Zu Z, Ellinger P, Grundmann M, Harris RC, Takahashi T, Gore JC. Severity of polycystic kidney disease revealed by multiparametric MRI. Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:1151-1165. [PMID: 37093746 PMCID: PMC10805116 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare multiple MRI parameters, including relaxation rates (R 1 $$ {R}_1 $$ ,R 2 $$ {R}_2 $$ , andR 1 ρ $$ {R}_{1\rho } $$ ), ADC from diffusion weighted imaging, pool size ratio (PSR) from quantitative magnetization transfer, and measures of exchange from spin-lock imaging (S ρ $$ {S}_{\rho } $$ ), for assessing and predicting the severity of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) over time. METHODS Pcy/Pcy mice with CD1 strain, a mouse model of autosomal dominant PKD, were imaged at 5, 9, and 26 wk of age using a 7T MRI system. Twelve-week normal CD1 mice were used as controls. Post-mortem paraffin tissue sections were stained using hematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red to identify histological changes. RESULTS Histology detected segmental cyst formation in the early stage (week 5) and progression of PKD over time in Pcy kidneys. InT 2 $$ {T}_2 $$ -weighted images, small cysts appeared locally in cystic kidneys in week 5 and gradually extended to the whole cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla region from week 5 to week 26. Regional PSR,R 1 $$ {R}_1 $$ ,R 2 $$ {R}_2 $$ , andR 1 ρ $$ {R}_{1\rho } $$ decreased consistently over time compared to normal kidneys, with significant changes detected in week 5. Among all the MRI measures,R 2 $$ {R}_2 $$ andR 1 ρ $$ {R}_{1\rho } $$ allow highest detectability to PKD, while PSR andR 1 $$ {R}_1 $$ have highest correlation with pathological indices of PKD. Using optimum MRI parameters as regressors, multiple linear regression provides reliable prediction of PKD progression. CONCLUSION R 2 $$ {R}_2 $$ ,R 1 $$ {R}_1 $$ , and PSR are sensitive indicators of the presence of PKD. Multiparametric MRI allows a comprehensive analysis of renal changes caused by cyst formation and expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Vanderbilt O’Brien Kidney Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Seo Yeon Lee
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Fatemeh Adelnia
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Keiko Takahashi
- Vanderbilt O’Brien Kidney Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Kevin D. Harkins
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Lilly He
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Zhongliang Zu
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Philipp Ellinger
- Bayer AG Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Manuel Grundmann
- Bayer AG Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Raymond C. Harris
- Vanderbilt O’Brien Kidney Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Takamune Takahashi
- Vanderbilt O’Brien Kidney Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - John C. Gore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pietrobon A, Stanford WL. Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Kidney Lesion Pathogenesis: A Developmental Perspective. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1135-1149. [PMID: 37060140 PMCID: PMC10356159 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic diversity of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) kidney pathology is enigmatic. Despite a well-established monogenic etiology, an incomplete understanding of lesion pathogenesis persists. In this review, we explore the question: How do TSC kidney lesions arise? We appraise literature findings in the context of mutational timing and cell-of-origin. Through a developmental lens, we integrate the critical results from clinical studies, human specimens, and genetic animal models. We also review novel insights gleaned from emerging organoid and single-cell sequencing technologies. We present a new model of pathogenesis which posits a phenotypic continuum, whereby lesions arise by mutagenesis during development from variably timed second-hit events. This model can serve as a conceptual framework for testing hypotheses of TSC lesion pathogenesis, both in the kidney and in other affected tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pietrobon
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William L. Stanford
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Polycystin subunits can form hetero- and homotetrameric ion channels in the membranes of various compartments of the cell. Homotetrameric polycystin channels are voltage- and calcium-modulated, whereas heterotetrameric versions are proposed to be ligand- or autoproteolytically regulated. Their importance is underscored by variants associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and by vital roles in fertilization and embryonic development. The diversity in polycystin assembly and subcellular distribution allows for a multitude of sensory functions by this class of channels. In this review, we highlight their recent structural and functional characterization, which has provided a molecular blueprint to investigate the conformational changes required for channel opening in response to unique stimuli. We consider each polycystin channel type individually, discussing how they contribute to sensory cell biology, as well as their impact on the physiology of various tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orhi Esarte Palomero
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| | - Megan Larmore
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| | - Paul G DeCaen
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panda DK, Bai X, Zhang Y, Stylianesis NA, Koromilas AE, Lipman ML, Karaplis AC. SCF-SKP2 E3 ubiquitin ligase links mTORC1/ER stress/ISR with YAP activation in murine renal cystogenesis. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:153943. [PMID: 36326820 PMCID: PMC9754004 DOI: 10.1172/jci153943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway nuclear effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) potentiates the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) arising from ciliopathies. The mechanisms underlying the increase in YAP expression and transcriptional activity in PKD remain obscure. We observed that in kidneys from mice with juvenile cystic kidney (jck) ciliopathy, the aberrant hyperactivity of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), driven by ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT cascades, induced ER proteotoxic stress. To reduce this stress by reprogramming translation, the protein kinase R-like ER kinase-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (PERK/eIF2α) arm of the integrated stress response (ISR) was activated. PERK-mediated phosphorylation of eIF2α drove the selective translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), potentiating YAP expression. In parallel, YAP underwent K63-linked polyubiquitination by SCF S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) E3 ubiquitin ligase, a Hippo-independent, nonproteolytic ubiquitination that enhances YAP nuclear trafficking and transcriptional activity in cancer cells. Defective ISR cellular adaptation to ER stress in eIF2α phosphorylation-deficient jck mice further augmented YAP-mediated transcriptional activity and renal cyst growth. Conversely, pharmacological tuning down of ER stress/ISR activity and SKP2 expression in jck mice by administration of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) or tolvaptan impeded these processes. Restoring ER homeostasis and/or interfering with the SKP2-YAP interaction represent potential therapeutic avenues for stemming the progression of renal cystogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu K. Panda
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital,,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital
| | - Xiuying Bai
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital
| | | | - Antonis E. Koromilas
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark L. Lipman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital
| | - Andrew C. Karaplis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Xu S, Jin Q, Luo J, Gao C, Jayaprakash S, Wang H, Zhuang L, He J. Establishment of transgenic pigs overexpressing human PKD2-D511V mutant. Front Genet 2022; 13:1059682. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1059682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous missense mutations have been reported in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease which is one of the most common renal genetic disorders. The underlying mechanism for cystogenesis is still elusive, partly due to the lack of suitable animal models. Currently, we tried to establish a porcine transgenic model overexpressing human PKD2-D511V (hPKD2-D511V), which is a dominant-negative mutation in the vertebrate in vitro models. A total of six cloned pigs were finally obtained using somatic cell nuclear transfer. However, five with functional hPKD2-D511V died shortly after birth, leaving only one with the dysfunctional transgenic event to survive. Compared with the WT pigs, the demised transgenic pigs had elevated levels of hPKD2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, no renal malformation was observed, indicating that hPKD2-D511V did not alter normal kidney development. RNA-seq analysis also revealed that several ADPKD-related pathways were disturbed when overexpressing hPKD2-D511V. Therefore, our study implies that hPKD2-D511V may be lethal due to the dominant-negative effect. Hence, to dissect how PKD2-D511V drives renal cystogenesis, it is better to choose in vitro or invertebrate models.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chang MY, Hsu SH, Ma LY, Chou LF, Hung CC, Tian YC, Yang CW. Effects of Suramin on Polycystic Kidney Disease in a Mouse Model of Polycystin-1 Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158499. [PMID: 35955634 PMCID: PMC9369130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of the purinergic signaling pathway has been shown to promote cyst growth and fluid secretion in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Suramin is an anti-parasitic drug that has strong anti-purinergic properties. Whether suramin could have a therapeutic effect on ADPKD has not been fully investigated. We examined the effect of suramin on cyst progression in a Pkd1 microRNAs transgenic mouse model that presented stable Pkd1 knockdown and moderate disease progression. The Pkd1-deficient mice were treated with suramin (60 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection twice a week from postnatal days 35 to 90. Kidney-to-body weight ratios, cyst indices, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured. Cell proliferation and macrophage infiltration were determined by immunohistochemistry. The suramin-treated group had significantly lower renal cyst densities, cell proliferation, and macrophage infiltration compared with saline-treated controls. Suramin significantly inhibited ERK phosphorylation and the expression of Il1b, Il6, Nlrp3, Tgfb, Fn1, P2rx7, and P2ry2 mRNAs in the kidneys. However, BUN levels remained high despite the reduction in cyst growth. Furthermore, plasma cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were significantly higher in the suramin-treated group compared with the control group. Periodic acid-Schiff staining revealed degenerative changes and epithelial cell vacuolation in the non-cystic renal tubules, which indicated phospholipidosis following suramin treatment. These results suggest that suramin may reduce renal cyst growth and inflammation, but the associated tubular cell injuries could limit its therapeutic potential. Other purinergic receptor antagonists with less nephrotoxicity may deserve further investigation for the treatment of ADPKD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bais T, Gansevoort RT, Meijer E. Drugs in Clinical Development to Treat Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Drugs 2022; 82:1095-1115. [PMID: 35852784 PMCID: PMC9329410 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-022-01745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive cyst formation that ultimately leads to kidney failure in most patients. Approximately 10% of patients who receive kidney replacement therapy suffer from ADPKD. To date, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist (V2RA) is the only drug that has been proven to attenuate disease progression. However, aquaresis-related adverse events limit its widespread use. Data on the renoprotective effects of somatostatin analogues differ largely between studies and medications. This review discusses new drugs that are investigated in clinical trials to treat ADPKD, such as cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators and micro RNA inhibitors, and drugs already marketed for other indications that are being investigated for off-label use in ADPKD, such as metformin. In addition, potential methods to improve the tolerability of V2RAs are discussed, as well as methods to select patients with (likely) rapid disease progression and issues regarding the translation of preclinical data into clinical practice. Since ADPKD is a complex disease with a high degree of interindividual heterogeneity, and the mechanisms involved in cyst growth also have important functions in various physiological processes, it may prove difficult to develop drugs that target cyst growth without causing major adverse events. This is especially important since long-standing treatment is necessary in this chronic disease. This review therefore also discusses approaches to targeted therapy to minimize systemic side effects. Hopefully, these developments will advance the treatment of ADPKD.
Collapse
|
10
|
TRPP2 ion channels: The roles in various subcellular locations. Biochimie 2022; 201:116-127. [PMID: 35760123 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TRPP2 (PC2, PKD2 or Polycytin-2), encoded by PKD2 gene, belongs to the nonselective cation channel TRP family. Recently, the three-dimensional structure of TRPP2 was constructed. TRPP2 mainly functions in three subcellular compartments: endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane and primary cilia. TRPP2 can act as a calcium-activated intracellular calcium release channel on the endoplasmic reticulum. TRPP2 also interacts with other Ca2+ release channels to regulate calcium release, like IP3R and RyR2. TRPP2 acts as an ion channel regulated by epidermal growth factor through activation of downstream factors in the plasma membrane. TRPP2 binding to TRPC1 in the plasma membrane or endoplasmic reticulum is associated with mechanosensitivity. In cilium, TRPP2 was found to combine with PKD1 and TRPV4 to form a complex related to mechanosensitivity. Because TRPP2 is involved in regulating intracellular ion concentration, TRPP2 mutations often lead to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, which may also be associated with cardiovascular disease. In this paper, we review the molecular structure of TRPP2, the subcellular localization of TRPP2, the related functions and mechanisms of TRPP2 at different sites, and the diseases related to TRPP2.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu M, Cardilla A, Ngeow J, Gong X, Xia Y. Studying Kidney Diseases Using Organoid Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:845401. [PMID: 35309912 PMCID: PMC8927804 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.845401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing over the last few decades, owing to the global increase in diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Dialysis greatly compromises the life quality of patients, while demand for transplantable kidney cannot be met, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to stop or reverse CKD progression. Our understanding of kidney disease is primarily derived from studies using animal models and cell culture. While cross-species differences made it challenging to fully translate findings from animal models into clinical practice, primary patient cells quickly lose the original phenotypes during in vitro culture. Over the last decade, remarkable achievements have been made for generating 3-dimensional (3D) miniature organs (organoids) by exposing stem cells to culture conditions that mimic the signaling cues required for the development of a particular organ or tissue. 3D kidney organoids have been successfully generated from different types of source cells, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), adult/fetal renal tissues, and kidney cancer biopsy. Alongside gene editing tools, hPSC-derived kidney organoids are being harnessed to model genetic kidney diseases. In comparison, adult kidney-derived tubuloids and kidney cancer-derived tumoroids are still in their infancy. Herein, we first summarize the currently available kidney organoid models. Next, we discuss recent advances in kidney disease modelling using organoid models. Finally, we consider the major challenges that have hindered the application of kidney organoids in disease modelling and drug evaluation and propose prospective solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angelysia Cardilla
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ximing Gong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Ximing Gong, ; Yun Xia,
| | - Yun Xia
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Ximing Gong, ; Yun Xia,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cordido A, Vizoso-Gonzalez M, Nuñez-Gonzalez L, Molares-Vila A, Chantada-Vazquez MDP, Bravo SB, Garcia-Gonzalez MA. Quantitative Proteomic Study Unmasks Fibrinogen Pathway in Polycystic Liver Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:290. [PMID: 35203500 PMCID: PMC8869147 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a heterogeneous group of congenital disorders characterized by bile duct dilatation and cyst development derived from cholangiocytes. Nevertheless, the cystogenesis mechanism is currently unknown and the PLD treatment is limited to liver transplantation. Novel and efficient therapeutic approaches are th6us needed. In this context, the present work has a principal aim to find novel molecular pathways, as well as new therapeutic targets, involved in the hepatic cystogenesis process. (2) Methods: Quantitative proteomics based on SWATH-MS technology were performed comparing hepatic proteomes of Wild Type and mutant/polycystic livers in a polycystic kidney disease (PKD) murine model (Pkd1cond/cond;Tam-Cre-/+). (3) Results: We identified several proteins altered in abundance, with two-fold cut-off up-regulation or down-regulation and an adjusted p-value significantly related to hepatic cystogenesis. Then, we performed enrichment and a protein-protein analysis identifying a cluster focused on hepatic fibrinogens. Finally, we validated a selection of targets by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, finding a high correlation with quantitative proteomics data and validating the fibrinogen complex. (4) Conclusions: This work identified a novel molecular pathway in cystic liver disease, highlighting the fibrinogen complex as a possible new therapeutic target for PLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Cordido
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.V.-G.); (L.N.-G.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Vizoso-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.V.-G.); (L.N.-G.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Nuñez-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.V.-G.); (L.N.-G.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Molares-Vila
- Biostatistics Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Maria del Pilar Chantada-Vazquez
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Susana B. Bravo
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.V.-G.); (L.N.-G.)
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Generation of heterozygous PKD1 mutant pigs exhibiting early-onset renal cyst formation. J Transl Med 2022; 102:560-569. [PMID: 34980882 PMCID: PMC9042704 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease, manifesting as the progressive development of fluid-filled renal cysts. In approximately half of all patients with ADPKD, end-stage renal disease results in decreased renal function. In this study, we used CRISPR-Cas9 and somatic cell cloning to produce pigs with the unique mutation c.152_153insG (PKD1insG/+). Pathological analysis of founder cloned animals and progeny revealed that PKD1insG/+ pigs developed many pathological conditions similar to those of patients with heterozygous mutations in PKD1. Pathological similarities included the formation of macroscopic renal cysts at the neonatal stage, number and cystogenic dynamics of the renal cysts formed, interstitial fibrosis of the renal tissue, and presence of a premature asymptomatic stage. Our findings demonstrate that PKD1insG/+ pigs recapitulate the characteristic symptoms of ADPKD.
Collapse
|
14
|
Reversing polycystic kidney disease. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1623-1624. [PMID: 34737430 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
15
|
The cellular pathways and potential therapeutics of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1171-1188. [PMID: 34156429 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) refers to a group of disorders, driven by the formation of cysts in renal tubular cells and is currently one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. The range of symptoms observed in PKD is due to mutations in cilia-localising genes, resulting in changes in cellular signalling. As such, compounds that are currently in preclinical and clinical trials target some of these signalling pathways that are dysregulated in PKD. In this review, we highlight these pathways including cAMP, EGF and AMPK signalling and drugs that target them and may show promise in lessening the disease burden of PKD patients. At present, tolvaptan is the only approved therapy for ADPKD, however, it carries several adverse side effects whilst comparatively, no pharmacological drug is approved for ARPKD treatment. Aside from this, drugs that have been the subject of multiple clinical trials such as metformin, which targets AMPK signalling and somatostatins, which target cAMP signalling have shown great promise in reducing cyst formation and cellular proliferation. This review also discusses other potential and novel targets that can be used for future interventions, such as β-catenin and TAZ, where research has shown that a reduction in the overexpression of these signalling components results in amelioration of disease phenotype. Thus, it becomes apparent that well-designed preclinical investigations and future clinical trials into these pathways and other potential signalling targets are crucial in bettering disease prognosis for PKD patients and could lead to personalised therapy approaches.
Collapse
|
16
|
Little RB, Norris DP. Right, left and cilia: How asymmetry is established. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 110:11-18. [PMID: 32571625 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The initial breaking of left-right (L-R) symmetry in the embryo is controlled by a motile-cilia-driven leftward fluid flow in the left-right organiser (LRO), resulting in L-R asymmetric gene expression flanking the LRO. Ultimately this results in left- but not right-sided activation of the Nodal-Pitx2 pathway in more lateral tissues. While aspects of the initial breaking event clearly vary between vertebrates, events in the Lateral Plate Mesoderm (LPM) are conserved through the vertebrate lineage. Evidence from model systems and humans highlights the role of cilia both in the initial symmetry breaking and in the ability of more lateral tissues to exhibit asymmetric gene expression. In this review we concentrate on the process of L-R determination in mouse and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie B Little
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Dominic P Norris
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vien TN, Ng LCT, Smith JM, Dong K, Krappitz M, Gainullin VG, Fedeles S, Harris PC, Somlo S, DeCaen PG. Disrupting polycystin-2 EF hand Ca 2+ affinity does not alter channel function or contribute to polycystic kidney disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs255562. [PMID: 33199522 PMCID: PMC7774883 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15% of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by variants in PKD2PKD2 encodes polycystin-2, which forms an ion channel in primary cilia and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes of renal collecting duct cells. Elevated internal Ca2+ modulates polycystin-2 voltage-dependent gating and subsequent desensitization - two biophysical regulatory mechanisms that control its function at physiological membrane potentials. Here, we refute the hypothesis that Ca2+ occupancy of the polycystin-2 intracellular EF hand is responsible for these forms of channel regulation, and, if disrupted, results in ADPKD. We identify and introduce mutations that attenuate Ca2+-EF hand affinity but find channel function is unaltered in the primary cilia and ER membranes. We generated two new mouse strains that harbor distinct mutations that abolish Ca2+-EF hand association but do not result in a PKD phenotype. Our findings suggest that additional Ca2+-binding sites within polycystin-2 or Ca2+-dependent modifiers are responsible for regulating channel activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy N Vien
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Leo C T Ng
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jessica M Smith
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ke Dong
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Matteus Krappitz
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Sorin Fedeles
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Peter C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stefan Somlo
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Paul G DeCaen
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hindawy AR, Daboul B, Hanafi I, Albitar S. Association of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, asymptomatic multiple giant coronary arteries aneurysms and abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports 2020; 2020:omaa122. [PMID: 34136265 PMCID: PMC8202766 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a systemic disease characterized
by the formation of multiple cysts in several organs. The formation of aneurysms
accompanying this disease is being increasingly reported in the literature, and mutations
in PKD-1 and PKD-2 are suspected in this etiology. Although the association between ADPKD
and multiple coronary arteries aneurysms (CAA) was reported several times, we are
presenting a case with the combination of ADPKD, multiple giant CAAs, abdominal aortic
aneurysms and a suspected intracranial aneurysm, which has never been reported. The
asymptomatic presentation of these multiple aneurysms might support the recommendations
for further diagnostic investigations in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Rida Hindawy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aleppo University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Baraa Daboul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ibrahem Hanafi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Sami Albitar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aleppo University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cyst Reduction by Melatonin in a Novel Drosophila Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225477. [PMID: 33238462 PMCID: PMC7700119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) causes progressive cystic degeneration of the renal tubules, the nephrons, eventually severely compromising kidney function. ADPKD is incurable, with half of the patients eventually needing renal replacement. Treatments for ADPKD patients are limited and new effective therapeutics are needed. Melatonin, a central metabolic regulator conserved across all life kingdoms, exhibits oncostatic and oncoprotective activity and no detected toxicity. Here, we used the Bicaudal C (BicC) Drosophila model of polycystic kidney disease to test the cyst-reducing potential of melatonin. Significant cyst reduction was found in the renal (Malpighian) tubules upon melatonin administration and suggest mechanistic sophistication. Similar to vertebrate PKD, the BicC fly PKD model responds to the antiproliferative drugs rapamycin and mimics of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac). Melatonin appears to be a new cyst-reducing molecule with attractive properties as a potential candidate for PKD treatment.
Collapse
|
20
|
Beaumont NJ, Holmes HL, Gregory AV, Edwards ME, Rojas JD, Gessner RC, Dayton PA, Kline TL, Romero MF, Czernuszewicz TJ. Assessing Polycystic Kidney Disease in Rodents: Comparison of Robotic 3D Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1126-1136. [PMID: 33521650 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0003912020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by renal cyst formation and enlargement of the kidney. PKD severity can be staged noninvasively by measuring total kidney volume (TKV), a promising biomarker that has recently received regulatory qualification. In preclinical mouse models, where the disease is studied and potential therapeutics are evaluated, the most popular noninvasive method of measuring TKV is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although MRI provides excellent 3D resolution and contrast, these systems are expensive to operate, have long acquisition times, and, consequently, are not heavily used in preclinical PKD research. In this study, a new imaging instrument, based on robotic ultrasound (US), was evaluated as a complementary approach for assessing PKD in rodent models. The objective was to determine the extent to which TKV measurements on the robotic US scanner correlated with both in vivo and ex vivo reference standards (MRI and Vernier calipers, respectively). A cross-sectional study design was implemented that included both PKD-affected mice and healthy wild types, spanning sex and age for a wide range of kidney volumes. It was found that US-derived TKV measurements and kidney lengths were strongly associated with both in vivo MRI and ex vivo Vernier caliper measurements (R 2=0.94 and 0.90, respectively). In addition to measuring TKV, renal vascular density was assessed using acoustic angiography (AA), a novel contrast-enhanced US methodology. AA image intensity, indicative of volumetric vascularity, was seen to have a strong negative correlation with TKV (R 2=0.82), suggesting impaired renal vascular function in mice with larger kidneys. These studies demonstrate that robotic US can provide a rapid and accurate approach for noninvasively evaluating PKD in rodent models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather L Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Timothy L Kline
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael F Romero
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tomasz J Czernuszewicz
- SonoVol, Inc., Durham, North Carolina.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cordido A, Cernadas E, Fernández-Delgado M, García-González MA. CystAnalyser: A new software tool for the automatic detection and quantification of cysts in Polycystic Kidney and Liver Disease, and other cystic disorders. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008337. [PMID: 33090995 PMCID: PMC7608985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is characterized by progressive renal cyst development and other extrarenal manifestation including Polycystic Liver Disease (PLD). Phenotypical characterization of animal models mimicking human diseases are commonly used, in order to, study new molecular mechanisms and identify new therapeutic approaches. The main biomarker of disease progression is total volume of kidney and liver in both human and mouse, which correlates with organ function. For this reason, the estimation of the number and area of the tissue occupied by cysts, is critical for the understanding of physiological mechanisms underlying the disease. In this regard, cystic index is a robust parameter commonly used to quantify the severity of the disease. To date, the vast majority of biomedical researchers use ImageJ as a software tool to estimate the cystic index by quantifying the cystic areas of histological images after thresholding. This tool has imitations of being inaccurate, largely due to incorrectly identifying non-cystic regions. We have developed a new software, named CystAnalyser (register by Universidade de Santiago de Compostela–USC, and Fundación Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago—FIDIS), that combines automatic image processing with a graphical user friendly interface that allows investigators to oversee and easily correct the image processing before quantification. CystAnalyser was able to generate a cystic profile including cystic index, number of cysts and cyst size. In order to test the CystAnalyser software, 795 cystic kidney, and liver histological images were analyzed. Using CystAnalyser there were no differences calculating cystic index automatically versus user input, except in specific circumstances where it was necessary for the user to distinguish between mildly cystic from non-cystic regions. The sensitivity and specificity of the number of cysts detected by the automatic quantification depends on the type of organ and cystic severity, with values 76.84–78.59% and 76.96–89.66% for the kidney and 87.29–93.80% and 63.42–86.07% for the liver. CystAnalyser, in addition, provides a new tool for estimating the number of cysts and a more specific measure of the cystic index than ImageJ. This study proposes CystAnalyser is a new robust and freely downloadable software tool for analyzing the severity of disease by quantifying histological images of cystic organs for routine biomedical research. CystAnalyser can be downloaded from https://citius.usc.es/transferencia/software/cystanalyser (for Windows and Linux) for research purposes. This work suggests CystAnalyser is the most reliable software tool currently available for the assessment of cystic pathologies including Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) and Polycystic Liver Disease (PLD). CystAnalyser combines automatic cyst recognition with a friendly graphical user interface, allowing user input prior to histological image quantification. CystAnalyser responds to the need to obtain reliable measurements of the universal biomarker for PKD and PLD disease progression, the Cystic index (area of cysts within the total area of tissue). This software tool is also able to calculate the number and size of cysts from the histological images. In summary, our results show that CystAnalyser overcomes the precision issues detected using the most commonly used software to date (ImageJ) for Cystic index quantification, offering users a reliable tool to easily characterize the phenotype and the pathophysiology of PKD and PLD in pre-clinical studies using animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Cordido
- Grupo de Xenética e Bioloxía do Desenvolvemento das Enfermidades Renais, Laboratorio de Nefroloxía (No. 11), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,RedInRen RETIC, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Eva Cernadas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes da USC (CiTIUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Xenaro de la Fuente Domínguez, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Delgado
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes da USC (CiTIUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Xenaro de la Fuente Domínguez, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel A García-González
- Grupo de Xenética e Bioloxía do Desenvolvemento das Enfermidades Renais, Laboratorio de Nefroloxía (No. 11), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,RedInRen RETIC, ISCIII, Spain.,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang L, Li LX, Zhou JX, Harris PC, Calvet JP, Li X. RNA helicase p68 inhibits the transcription and post-transcription of Pkd1 in ADPKD. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:8281-8297. [PMID: 32724471 PMCID: PMC7381742 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. Dysregulation of the expression of PKD genes, the abnormal activation of PKD associated signaling pathways, and the expression and maturation of miRNAs regulates cyst progression. However, the upstream factors regulating these abnormal processes in ADPKD remain elusive. Methods: To investigate the roles of an RNA helicase, p68, in ADPKD, we performed Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis, immunostaining and ChIP assay in cystic renal epithelium cells and tissues. Results: We found that p68 was upregulated in cystic renal epithelial cells and tissues. p68 represses Pkd1 gene expression via transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms in renal epithelial cells, in that 1) p68 binds to the promoter of the Pkd1 gene together with p53 to repress transcription; and 2) p68 promotes the expression and maturation of miR-17, miR-200c and miR-182 and via these miRNAs, post-transcriptionally regulates the expression of Pkd1 mRNA. Drosha is involved in this process by forming a complex with p68. p68 also regulates the phosphorylation and activation of PKD proliferation associated signaling and the expression of fibrotic markers in Pkd1 mutant renal epithelial cells. Silence of p68 delays cyst formation in collecting duct cell mediated 3D cultures. In addition, the expression of p68 is induced by H2O2-dependent oxidative stress and DNA damage which causes downregulation of Pkd1 transcription in cystic renal epithelial cells and tissues. Conclusions: p68 plays a critical role in negatively regulating the expression of the PKD1 gene along with positively regulating the expression and maturation of miRNAs and activation of PKD associated signaling pathways to cause renal cyst progression and fibrosis in ADPKD.
Collapse
|
23
|
Pathway identification through transcriptome analysis. Cell Signal 2020; 74:109701. [PMID: 32649993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Systems-based, agnostic approaches focusing on transcriptomics data have been employed to understand the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney diseases (PKD). While multiple signaling pathways, including Wnt, mTOR and G-protein-coupled receptors, have been implicated in late stages of disease, there were few insights into the transcriptional cascade immediately downstream of Pkd1 inactivation. One of the consistent findings has been transcriptional evidence of dysregulated metabolic and cytoskeleton remodeling pathways. Recent technical developments, including bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing technologies and spatial transcriptomics, offer new angles to investigate PKD. In this article, we review what has been learned based on transcriptional approaches and consider future opportunities.
Collapse
|
24
|
An Overview of In Vivo and In Vitro Models for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Journey from 3D-Cysts to Mini-Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124537. [PMID: 32630605 PMCID: PMC7352572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inheritable cause of end stage renal disease and, as of today, only a single moderately effective treatment is available for patients. Even though ADPKD research has made huge progress over the last decades, the precise disease mechanisms remain elusive. However, a wide variety of cellular and animal models have been developed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms and related pathways underlying the disease. As none of these models perfectly recapitulates the complexity of the human disease, the aim of this review is to give an overview of the main tools currently available to ADPKD researchers, as well as their main advantages and limitations.
Collapse
|
25
|
Millet-Boureima C, Selber-Hnatiw S, Gamberi C. Drug discovery and chemical probing in Drosophila. Genome 2020; 64:147-159. [PMID: 32551911 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2020-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Flies are increasingly utilized in drug discovery and chemical probing in vivo, which are novel technologies complementary to genetic probing in fundamental biological studies. Excellent genetic conservation, small size, short generation time, and over one hundred years of genetics make Drosophila an attractive model for rapid assay readout and use of analytical amounts of compound, enabling the experimental iterations needed in early drug development at a fraction of time and costs. Here, we describe an effective drug-testing pipeline using adult flies that can be easily implemented to study several disease models and different genotypes to discover novel molecular insight, probes, quality lead compounds, and develop novel prototype drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Millet-Boureima
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.,Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Susannah Selber-Hnatiw
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.,Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Chiara Gamberi
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.,Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ta CM, Vien TN, Ng LCT, DeCaen PG. Structure and function of polycystin channels in primary cilia. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109626. [PMID: 32251715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Variants in genes which encode for polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 cause most forms of autosomal dominant polycystic disease (ADPKD). Despite our strong understanding of the genetic determinants of ADPKD, we do not understand the structural features which govern the function of polycystins at the molecular level, nor do we understand the impact of most disease-causing variants on the conformational state of these proteins. These questions have remained elusive because polycystins localize to several organelle membranes, including the primary cilia. Primary cilia are microtubule based organelles which function as cellular antennae. Polycystin-2 and related polycystin-2 L1 are members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family, and form distinct ion channels in the primary cilia of disparate cell types which can be directly measured. Polycystin-1 has both ion channel and adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) features-but its role in forming a channel complex or as a channel subunit chaperone is undetermined. Nonetheless, recent polycystin structural determination by cryo-EM has provided a molecular template to understand their biophysical regulation and the impact of disease-causing variants. We will review these advances and discuss hypotheses regarding the regulation of polycystin channel opening by their structural domains within the context of the primary cilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chau My Ta
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Thuy N Vien
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Leo C T Ng
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul G DeCaen
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Verschuren EHJ, Rigalli JP, Castenmiller C, Rohrbach MU, Bindels RJM, Peters DJM, Arjona FJ, Hoenderop JGJ. Pannexin-1 mediates fluid shear stress-sensitive purinergic signaling and cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:6382-6398. [PMID: 32159259 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902901r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tubular ATP release is regulated by mechanosensation of fluid shear stress (FSS). Polycystin-1/polycystin-2 (PC1/PC2) functions as a mechanosensory complex in the kidney. Extracellular ATP is implicated in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), where PC1/PC2 is dysfunctional. This study aims to provide new insights into the ATP signaling under physiological conditions and PKD. Microfluidics, pharmacologic inhibition, and loss-of-function approaches were combined to assess the ATP release in mouse distal convoluted tubule 15 (mDCT15) cells. Kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout mice (iKsp-Pkd1-/- ) and zebrafish pkd2 morphants (pkd2-MO) were as models for PKD. FSS-exposed mDCT15 cells displayed increased ATP release. Pannexin-1 inhibition and knockout decreased FSS-modulated ATP release. In iKsp-Pkd1-/- mice, elevated renal pannexin-1 mRNA expression and urinary ATP were observed. In Pkd1-/- mDCT15 cells, elevated ATP release was observed upon the FSS mechanosensation. In these cells, increased pannexin-1 mRNA expression was observed. Importantly, pannexin-1 inhibition in pkd2-MO decreased the renal cyst growth. Our results demonstrate that pannexin-1 channels mediate ATP release into the tubular lumen due to pro-urinary flow. We present pannexin-1 as novel therapeutic target to prevent the renal cyst growth in PKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric H J Verschuren
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Juan P Rigalli
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Castenmiller
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Meike U Rohrbach
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Arjona
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nobakht N, Hanna RM, Al-Baghdadi M, Ameen KM, Arman F, Nobahkt E, Kamgar M, Rastogi A. Advances in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Review. Kidney Med 2020; 2:196-208. [PMID: 32734239 PMCID: PMC7380379 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a multiorgan disorder resulting in fluid-filled cyst formation in the kidneys and other systems. The replacement of kidney parenchyma with an ever-increasing volume of cysts eventually leads to kidney failure. Recently, increased understanding of the pathophysiology of PKD and genetic advances have led to new approaches of treatment targeting physiologic pathways, which has been proven to slow the progression of certain types of the disease. We review the pathophysiologic patterns and recent advances in the clinical pharmacotherapy of autosomal dominant PKD. A multipronged approach with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments can be successfully used to slow down the rate of progression of autosomal dominant PKD to kidney failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Nobakht
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ramy M. Hanna
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - Maha Al-Baghdadi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Regional Campus, Huntsville, AL
| | - Khalid Mohammed Ameen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Farid Arman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ehsan Nobahkt
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Mohammad Kamgar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anjay Rastogi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jafree DJ, Moulding D, Kolatsi-Joannou M, Perretta Tejedor N, Price KL, Milmoe NJ, Walsh CL, Correra RM, Winyard PJ, Harris PC, Ruhrberg C, Walker-Samuel S, Riley PR, Woolf AS, Scambler PJ, Long DA. Spatiotemporal dynamics and heterogeneity of renal lymphatics in mammalian development and cystic kidney disease. eLife 2019; 8:48183. [PMID: 31808745 PMCID: PMC6948954 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of lymphatic vessels during embryogenesis is critical for organ-specific lymphatic function. Little is known about lymphatics in the developing kidney, despite their established roles in pathology of the mature organ. We performed three-dimensional imaging to characterize lymphatic vessel formation in the mammalian embryonic kidney at single-cell resolution. In mouse, we visually and quantitatively assessed the development of kidney lymphatic vessels, remodeling from a ring-like anastomosis under the nascent renal pelvis; a site of VEGF-C expression, to form a patent vascular plexus. We identified a heterogenous population of lymphatic endothelial cell clusters in mouse and human embryonic kidneys. Exogenous VEGF-C expanded the lymphatic population in explanted mouse embryonic kidneys. Finally, we characterized complex kidney lymphatic abnormalities in a genetic mouse model of polycystic kidney disease. Our study provides novel insights into the development of kidney lymphatic vasculature; a system which likely has fundamental roles in renal development, physiology and disease. In most organs in the body, fluid tends to build up in the spaces between cells, especially if the organs become inflamed. Each organ has a ‘waste disposal system’; a set of specialized tubes called lymphatic vessels, to clear away this excess fluid and keep a check on inflammation. Defects in these tubes have been linked to a wide range of diseases including heart attacks, obesity, dementia and cancer. The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood and balancing many of the body’s chemical processes. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common genetic kidney disorder and it results in cysts filled with fluid building up in the kidney. The growth of cysts in PKD may be due to a problem with the lymphatic vessels. However, compared to other organs, how lymphatic vessels first form within the kidney and what they do is not well understood. Now, Jafree et al. have used three-dimensional imaging to study how lymphatic vessels form in the kidneys of mice and humans. The experiments showed that lymphatic vessels first appear when mouse kidneys are about half developed, and start to grow rapidly when the kidneys are thought to begin filtering blood. Clusters of cells that may help lymphatic vessels to grow were also found hidden deep within the kidneys of mouse embryos. Treating the kidneys with a factor that stimulates the growth of lymphatic vessels increased the numbers of these clusters. Jafree et al. found similar clusters of cells in human kidneys, suggesting that lymphatic vessels in the kidneys of different mammals may develop in the same way. Further experiments showed that the lymphatic vessels of kidneys in mice with PKD become distorted early on in the disease, when cysts are still small and before the mice develop symptoms. In the future, identifying drugs that target kidney lymphatic vessels may lead to more effective treatments for patients with PKD and other kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniyal J Jafree
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,MB/PhD Programme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dale Moulding
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Kolatsi-Joannou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nuria Perretta Tejedor
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen L Price
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie J Milmoe
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire L Walsh
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa Maria Correra
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Jd Winyard
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Walker-Samuel
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian S Woolf
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Scambler
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gewin LS, Summers ME, Harral JW, Gaskill CF, Khodo SN, Neelisetty S, Sullivan TM, Hopp K, Reese JJ, Klemm DJ, Kon V, Ess KC, Shi W, Majka SM. Inactivation of Tsc2 in Abcg2 lineage-derived cells drives the appearance of polycystic lesions and fibrosis in the adult kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1201-F1210. [PMID: 31461347 PMCID: PMC6879939 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00629.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), or tuberin, is a pivotal regulator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway that controls cell survival, proliferation, growth, and migration. Loss of Tsc2 function manifests in organ-specific consequences, the mechanisms of which remain incompletely understood. Recent single cell analysis of the kidney has identified ATP-binding cassette G2 (Abcg2) expression in renal proximal tubules of adult mice as well as a in a novel cell population. The impact in adult kidney of Tsc2 knockdown in the Abcg2-expressing lineage has not been evaluated. We engineered an inducible system in which expression of truncated Tsc2, lacking exons 36-37 with an intact 3' region and polycystin 1, is driven by Abcg2. Here, we demonstrate that selective expression of Tsc2fl36-37 in the Abcg2pos lineage drives recombination in proximal tubule epithelial and rare perivascular mesenchymal cells, which results in progressive proximal tubule injury, impaired kidney function, formation of cystic lesions, and fibrosis in adult mice. These data illustrate the critical importance of Tsc2 function in the Abcg2-expressing proximal tubule epithelium and mesenchyme during the development of cystic lesions and remodeling of kidney parenchyma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie S Gewin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension or Allergy, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Megan E Summers
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Julie W Harral
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Christa F Gaskill
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension or Allergy, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Stellor Nlandu Khodo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension or Allergy, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Surekha Neelisetty
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension or Allergy, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Timothy M Sullivan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - J Jeffrey Reese
- Division of Nephrology or Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dwight J Klemm
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Valentina Kon
- Division of Nephrology or Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kevin C Ess
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wei Shi
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program at the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susan M Majka
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stayner C, Brooke DG, Bates M, Eccles MR. Targeted Therapies for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3081-3102. [PMID: 29737248 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180508095654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common life-threatening genetic disease in humans, affecting approximately 1 in 500 people. ADPKD is characterized by cyst growth in the kidney leading to progressive parenchymal damage and is the underlying pathology in approximately 10% of patients requiring hemodialysis or transplantation for end-stage kidney disease. The two proteins that are mutated in ADPKD, polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, form a complex located on the primary cilium and the plasma membrane to facilitate calcium ion release in the cell. There is currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapy to cure or slow the progression of the disease. Rodent ADPKD models do not completely mimic the human disease, and therefore preclinical results have not always successfully translated to the clinic. Moreover, the toxicity of many of these potential therapies has led to patient withdrawals from clinical trials. RESULTS Here, we review compounds in clinical trial for treating ADPKD, and we examine the feasibility of using a kidney-targeted approach, with potential for broadening the therapeutic window, decreasing treatment-associated toxicity and increasing the efficacy of agents that have demonstrated activity in animal models. We make recommendations for integrating kidney- targeted therapies with current treatment regimes, to achieve a combined approach to treating ADPKD. CONCLUSION Many compounds are currently in clinical trial for ADPKD yet, to date, none are FDA-approved for treating this disease. Patients could benefit from efficacious pharmacotherapy, especially if it can be kidney-targeted, and intensive efforts continue to be focused on this goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cherie Stayner
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Darby G Brooke
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Michael Bates
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael R Eccles
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Millet-Boureima C, Chingle R, Lubell WD, Gamberi C. Cyst Reduction in a Polycystic Kidney Disease Drosophila Model Using Smac Mimics. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7040082. [PMID: 31635379 PMCID: PMC6966561 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited malady affecting 12.5 million people worldwide. Therapeutic options to treat PKD are limited, due in part to lack of precise knowledge of underlying pathological mechanisms. Mimics of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) have exhibited activity as antineoplastic agents and reported recently to ameliorate cysts in a murine ADPKD model, possibly by differentially targeting cystic cells and sparing the surrounding tissue. A first-in-kind Drosophila PKD model has now been employed to probe further the activity of novel Smac mimics. Substantial reduction of cystic defects was observed in the Malpighian (renal) tubules of treated flies, underscoring mechanistic conservation of the cystic pathways and potential for efficient testing of drug prototypes in this PKD model. Moreover, the observed differential rescue of the anterior and posterior tubules overall, and within their physiologically diverse intermediate and terminal regions implied a nuanced response in distinct tubular regions contingent upon the structure of the Smac mimic. Knowledge gained from studying Smac mimics reveals the capacity for the Drosophila model to precisely probe PKD pharmacology highlighting the value for such critical evaluation of factors implicated in renal function and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh Chingle
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - William D Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Chiara Gamberi
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Weydert C, Decuypere JP, De Smedt H, Janssens P, Vennekens R, Mekahli D. Fundamental insights into autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease from human-based cell models. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1697-1715. [PMID: 30215095 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several animal- and human-derived models are used in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) research to gain insight in the disease mechanism. However, a consistent correlation between animal and human ADPKD models is lacking. Therefore, established human-derived models are relevant to affirm research results and translate findings into a clinical set-up. In this review, we give an extensive overview of the existing human-based cell models. We discuss their source (urine, nephrectomy and stem cell), immortalisation procedures, genetic engineering, kidney segmental origin and characterisation with nephron segment markers. We summarise the most studied pathways and lessons learned from these different ADPKD models. Finally, we issue recommendations for the derivation of human-derived cell lines and for experimental set-ups with these cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Weydert
- PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Decuypere
- PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Humbert De Smedt
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Janssens
- PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, GPURE, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chang MY, C M Ong A. Targeting new cellular disease pathways in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 33:1310-1316. [PMID: 28992279 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of end-stage renal failure. Understanding the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of ADPKD could help to identify new targets for treatment. The classic cellular cystic phenotype includes changes in proliferation, apoptosis, fluid secretion, extracellular matrix and cilia function. However, recent research, suggests that the cellular cystic phenotype could be broader and that changes, such as altered metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress and epigenetic modification, could play important roles in the processes of cyst initiation, cyst growth or disease progression. Here we review these newer cellular pathways, describe evidence for their possible links to cystic pathogenesis or different stages of disease and discuss the options for developing novel treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Chang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Albert C M Ong
- Kidney Genetics Group, Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK.,Sheffield Kidney Institute, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Foo JN, Xia Y. Polycystic kidney disease: new knowledge and future promises. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 56:69-75. [PMID: 31476629 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common genetic kidney diseases, characterized by the formation of fluid-filled renal cysts, which eventually lead to end-stage renal disease. Despite several decades of investigation, explicit molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning renal cyst formation have been unresolved until recently, severely hampering the development of effective therapeutic approaches. Currently, most PKD therapies have been developed for limiting disease complications, such as hypertension. Although Tolvaptan has been approved for treating PKD in few countries, the associated hepatic toxicity remains a major concern. In this Review, we will discuss recent advances in PKD research, covering aspects ranging from newly identified genetic/epigenetic causes, increment in mechanistic interpretation, novel therapeutic targets, to the promises offered by emerging stem cell technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A(⁎)STAR, 138672, Singapore.
| | - Yun Xia
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yu Y, Shumway KL, Matheson JS, Edwards ME, Kline TL, Lyons LA. Kidney and cystic volume imaging for disease presentation and progression in the cat autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease large animal model. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:259. [PMID: 31299928 PMCID: PMC6625046 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 30% of Persian cats have a c.10063C > A variant in polycystin 1 (PKD1) homolog causing autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The variant is lethal in utero when in the homozygous state and is the only ADPKD variant known in cats. Affected cats have a wide range of progression and disease severity. However, cats are an overlooked biomedical model and have not been used to test therapeutics and diets that may support human clinical trials. To reinvigorate the cat as a large animal model for ADPKD, the efficacy of imaging modalities was evaluated and estimates of kidney and fractional cystic volumes (FCV) determined. METHODS Three imaging modalities, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging examined variation in disease presentation and disease progression in 11 felines with ADPKD. Imaging data was compared to well-known biomarkers for chronic kidney disease and glomerular filtration rate. Total kidney volume, total cystic volume, and FCV were determined for the first time in ADPKD cats. Two cats had follow-up examinations to evaluate progression. RESULTS FCV measurements were feasible in cats. CT was a rapid and an efficient modality for evaluating therapeutic effects that cause alterations in kidney volume and/or FCV. Biomarkers, including glomerular filtration rate and creatinine, were not predictive for disease progression in feline ADPKD. The wide variation in cystic presentation suggested genetic modifiers likely influence disease progression in cats. All imaging modalities had comparable resolutions to those acquired for humans, and software used for kidney and cystic volume estimates in humans proved useful for cats. CONCLUSIONS Routine imaging protocols used in veterinary medicine are as robust and efficient for evaluating ADPKD in cats as those used in human medicine. Cats can be identified as fast and slow progressors, thus, could assist with genetic modifier discovery. Software to measure kidney and cystic volume in human ADPKD kidney studies is applicable and efficient in cats. The longer life and larger kidney size span than rodents, similar genetics, disease presentation and progression as humans suggest cats are an efficient biomedical model for evaluation of ADPKD therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kate L Shumway
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jodi S Matheson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Marie E Edwards
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Timothy L Kline
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Background: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture is life-threatening. However, the mechanisms underlying IA initiation, progression, and rupture remain poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the role of primary cilia in IA development. Results: IA was experimentally induced in mice with elastase and angiotensin II treatment. The number of cells with primary cilia was determined in both IA and peri-IA regions. The role of primary cilia in IA development was assessed through knocking out or manipulating the expression of important components of primary cilia. Finally the role of primary cilia in human IA patients was studied. In the mice model of IA, the primary cilia number was significantly decreased in the IA region. Knocking out Polycystin 1, Polycystin 2, and Intraflagellar Transport 88 in mice would increase the susceptibility of mice to IA development. The IA development could be modulated through manipulating the pathways that regulate primary cilia dynamics. And chemical screening showed that the three factors (PHA 680623, Rapamycin, and Forskolin) could efficiently suppress the IA development. Finally, we demonstrated that the primary cilia deficiency in IA development is conserved in humans. And IA patients had a higher frequency of gene mutations which are related to primary cilia regulation. Conclusion: Our study provides an important support for the role of primary cilia in the development of IA. The primary cilia stabilizing chemicals might be useful for preventing IA development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yugang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ranieri M, Di Mise A, Tamma G, Valenti G. Vasopressin-aquaporin-2 pathway: recent advances in understanding water balance disorders. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 30800291 PMCID: PMC6364380 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16654.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The alteration of water balance and related disorders has emerged as being strictly linked to the state of activation of the vasopressin–aquaporin-2
(vasopressin–AQP2) pathway. The lack of responsiveness of the kidney to the vasopressin action impairs its ability to concentrate the urine, resulting in polyuria, polydipsia, and risk of severe dehydration for patients. Conversely, non-osmotic release of vasopressin is associated with an increase in water permeability in the renal collecting duct, producing water retention and increasing the circulatory blood volume. This review highlights some of the new insights and recent advances in therapeutic intervention targeting the dysfunctions in the vasopressin–AQP2 pathway causing diseases characterized by water balance disorders such as congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The recent clinical data suggest that targeting the vasopressin–AQP2 axis can provide therapeutic benefits in patients with water balance disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ranieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, 70125, Italy
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, 70125, Italy
| | - Grazia Tamma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, 70125, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Roma, Italy, 00136, Italy
| | - Giovanna Valenti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, 70125, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Roma, Italy, 00136, Italy.,Center of Excellence in Comparative Genomics (CEGBA), University of Bari, Bari, Italy, 70125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sánchez-López E, Kammeijer GSM, Crego AL, Marina ML, Ramautar R, Peters DJM, Mayboroda OA. Sheathless CE-MS based metabolic profiling of kidney tissue section samples from a mouse model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:806. [PMID: 30692602 PMCID: PMC6349881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) using a sheathless porous tip interface emerged as an attractive tool in metabolomics thanks to its numerous advantages. One of the main advantages compared to the classical co-axial sheath liquid interface is the increased sensitivity, while maintaining the inherent properties of CE, such as a high separation efficiency and low sample consumption. Specially, the ability to perform nanoliter-based injections from only a few microliters of material in the sample vial makes sheathless CE-MS a well-suited and unique approach for highly sensitive metabolic profiling of limited sample amounts. Therefore, in this work, we demonstrate the utility of sheathless CE-MS for metabolic profiling of biomass-restricted samples, namely for 20 µm-thick tissue sections of kidney from a mouse model of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The extraction method was designed in such a way to keep a minimum sample-volume in the injection vial, thereby still allowing multiple nanoliter injections for repeatability studies. The developed strategy enabled to differentiate between different stages of PKD and as well changes in a variety of different metabolites could be annotated over experimental groups. These metabolites include carnitine, glutamine, creatine, betaine and creatinine. Overall, this study shows the utility of sheathless CE-MS for biomass-limited metabolomics studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guinevere S M Kammeijer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio L Crego
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rawi Ramautar
- Biomedical Microscale Analytics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oleg A Mayboroda
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Comparative transcriptomics of shear stress treated Pkd1−/− cells and pre-cystic kidneys reveals pathways involved in early polycystic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1123-1134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
41
|
Shi H, Leonhard WN, Sijbrandi NJ, van Steenbergen MJ, Fens MHAM, van de Dikkenberg JB, Toraño JS, Peters DJM, Hennink WE, Kok RJ. Folate-dactolisib conjugates for targeting tubular cells in polycystic kidneys. J Control Release 2018; 293:113-125. [PMID: 30472374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop folic acid (FA) conjugates which can deliver the kinase inhibitor dactolisib to the kidneys via folate receptor-mediated uptake in tubular epithelial cells. Dactolisib is a dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and is considered an attractive agent for treatment of polycystic kidney disease. The ethylenediamine platinum(II) linker, herein called Lx, was employed to couple dactolisib via coordination chemistry to thiol-containing FA-spacer adducts to yield FA-Lx-dactolisib conjugates. The dye lissamine was coupled via similar linker chemistry to folate to yield fluorescent FA-Lx-lissamine conjugates. Three different spacers (PEG5-Cys, PEG27-Cys or an Asp-Arg-Asp-Asp-Cys peptide spacer) were used to compare the influence of hydrophilicity and charged groups in the spacer on interaction with target cells and in vivo organ distribution of the final conjugates. The purity and identity of the final products were confirmed by UPLC and LC-MS analysis, respectively. FA-Lx-dactolisib conjugates were stable in serum and culture medium, while dactolisib was released from the conjugates in the presence of glutathione. All three type of conjugates were internalized efficiently by HK-2 cells and uptake could be blocked by an excess of folic acid in the medium, demonstrating FR mediated uptake. FA-Lx-dactolisib conjugates showed nanomolar inhibition of the PI3K pathway (Akt phosphorylation) and mTOR pathway (S6 phosphorylation) in cultured kidney epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). After intraperitoneal administration, all three types conjugates accumulated extensively in kidneys of iKsp-Pkd1del mice with polycystic kidney disease. In conclusion, folate conjugates were successfully prepared by platinum(II) coordination chemistry and accumulated in a target-specific manner in kidney cells and polycystic kidneys. The folate conjugate of dactolisib thus may have potential for targeted therapy of polycystic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haili Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter N Leonhard
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mies J van Steenbergen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joep B van de Dikkenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Sastre Toraño
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Jan Kok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang A, Hirose T, Ohsaki Y, Takahashi C, Sato E, Oba-Yabana I, Kinugasa S, Muroya Y, Ito S, Mori T. Hydrochlorothiazide ameliorates polyuria caused by tolvaptan treatment of polycystic kidney disease in PCK rats. Clin Exp Nephrol 2018; 23:455-464. [PMID: 30426292 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-018-1669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tolvaptan is an effective treatment for polycystic kidney disease (PKD), but also causes unfortunate polyuria. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) has been shown to reduce urine volume in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, raising the possibility that HCTZ could also be effective in reducing tolvaptan-induced polyuria. In this study, we examined the combined administration of HCTZ and tolvaptan. METHODS Male PCK rats were divided into four groups of normal chow (Cont), normal chow plus tolvaptan, gavage HCTZ treatment, and tolvaptan + HCTZ. Biochemical examinations of the plasma and urine were performed as well as histological and molecular (mRNA and protein expression) analyses. RESULTS Groups treated with tolvaptan had significantly higher 24 h urine excretion, which was significantly reduced in the tolvaptan + HCTZ group after 2 weeks. Cyst size, pERK protein expression, and Cyclin D1 mRNA expression were all significantly reduced in both the tolvaptan and tolvaptan + HCTZ groups, indicating that HCTZ did not affect the beneficial functions of tolvaptan. Notably, aquaporin 2 redistribution from the apical to intracellular domains was observed in tolvaptan-treated rats and was partially reversed in the tolvaptan + HCTZ group. The renal glomerular filtration rate was reduced in the tolvaptan + HCTZ group. Significantly lowered mRNA expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E synthase 2 and renin were also found in the medulla, but not in the cortex. CONCLUSION HCTZ reduces tolvaptan-induced polyuria without altering its beneficial effects on PKD. This novel therapeutic combination could potentially lead to better PKD treatments and improved quality of life for the affected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takuo Hirose
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Division of Integrated Renal Replacement Therapy, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chika Takahashi
- Division of Integrated Renal Replacement Therapy, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Emiko Sato
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ikuko Oba-Yabana
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kinugasa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Muroya
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takefumi Mori
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan. .,Division of Integrated Renal Replacement Therapy, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kim DY, Woo YM, Lee S, Oh S, Shin Y, Shin JO, Park EY, Ko JY, Lee EJ, Bok J, Yoo KH, Park JH. Impact of miR-192 and miR-194 on cyst enlargement through EMT in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. FASEB J 2018; 33:2870-2884. [PMID: 30332302 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800563rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Altered miRNA (miR) expression occurs in various diseases. However, the therapeutic effect of miRNAs in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is unclear. Genome-wide analyses of miRNA expression and DNA methylation status were conducted to identify crucial miRNAs in end-stage ADPKD. miR-192 and -194 levels were down-regulated with hypermethylation at these loci, mainly in the intermediate and late stages, not in the early stage, of cystogenesis, suggesting their potential impact on cyst expansion. Cyst expansion has been strongly associated with endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox-2 and cadherin-2, which are involved in EMT, were directly regulated by miR-192 and -194. The therapeutic effect of miR-192 and -194 in vivo and in vitro were assessed. Restoring these miRs by injection of precursors influenced the reduced size of cysts in Pkd1 conditional knockout mice. miR-192 and -194 may act as potential therapeutic targets to control the expansion and progression of cysts in patients with ADPKD.-Kim, D. Y., Woo, Y. M., Lee, S., Oh, S., Shin, Y., Shin, J.-O., Park, E. Y., Ko, J. Y., Lee, E. J., Bok, J., Yoo, K. H., Park, J. H. Impact of miR-192 and miR-194 on cyst enlargement through EMT in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Mi Woo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumin Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yubin Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Oh Shin
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je Yeong Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinwoong Bok
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lin C, Happé H, Veraar K, Scharpfenecker M, Peters DJ. The expression of somatostatin receptor 2 decreases during cyst growth in mice with polycystic kidney disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1092-1098. [PMID: 30261745 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218803893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Somatostatin (SST) analogs have been shown to halt cyst growth and progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by several clinical trials. However, two studies suggest that the effect of the SST analog octreotide on kidney growth during the first year of treatment is reduced in the subsequent follow-ups and the kidney enlargement resumes. This biphasic change in kidney growth during octreotide treatment may be partially explained by alterations in SSTR2 expression. Here, we found that SSTR2 is mainly expressed in distal tubules and collecting ducts in murine kidneys, and the expression of SSTR2 decreases during cyst growth in two PKD mouse models. Our data may thus provide possible explanations for the lack of efficacy in long-term treatment with SST analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lin
- 1 Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Happé
- 1 Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberley Veraar
- 2 Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Scharpfenecker
- 2 Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien Jm Peters
- 1 Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chang MY, Hsieh CY, Lin CY, Chen TD, Yang HY, Chen KH, Hsu HH, Tian YC, Chen YC, Hung CC, Yang CW. Effect of celastrol on the progression of polycystic kidney disease in a Pkd1-deficient mouse model. Life Sci 2018; 212:70-79. [PMID: 30268856 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Celastrol, a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene, has attracted considerable interest because it exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of celastrol in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remain uninvestigated. MAIN METHODS We determined the effects of celastrol on ADPKD progression in a novel Pkd1-hypomorphic mouse model by intraperitoneal injection (postnatal day 35-63). KEY FINDINGS Pkd1 miRNA transgenic (Pkd1 miR TG) mice treated with 1 mg/kg/day of celastrol exhibited a lower renal cystic index (by 21.5%) than the vehicle-treated controls, but the fractional kidney weights and blood urea nitrogen levels were not significantly affected with celastrol treatment. At a high dose (2 mg/kg/day), celastrol caused marginal weight loss in the treated mice and had no significant effect on renal cystogenesis, thus indicating a potential toxic effect. We further identified that celastrol increased the phosphorylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the cystic kidneys. Moreover, celastrol reduced the renal mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, P2RX7, F4/80, CD68, transforming growth factor-β, collagen-1, and fibronectin, which were high in the Pkd1 miR TG mice. Immunohistological analysis revealed that celastrol suppressed macrophage infiltration in the cystic kidneys; however, the renal fibrosis scores and proliferation indices remained high. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that celastrol could be a potent anti-inflammatory agent and a natural AMPK enhancer. However, celastrol has only modest effects on renal cystogenesis and has a narrow therapeutic window. Further studies are needed to clarify whether celastrol has the potential for the treatment of ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Chang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yih Hsieh
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yu Lin
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Di Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsing Chen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hao Hsu
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Chen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim YK, Nam SA, Yang CW. Applications of kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:649-659. [PMID: 29961307 PMCID: PMC6030416 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of protocols to differentiate kidney organoids from human pluripotent stem cells provides potential applications of kidney organoids in regenerative medicine. Modeling of renal diseases, drug screening, nephrotoxicity testing of compounds, and regenerative therapy are attractive applications. Although much progress still remains to be made in the development of kidney organoids, recent advances in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated system 9 (Cas9) genome editing and three-dimensional bioprinting technologies have contributed to the application of kidney organoids in clinical fields. In this section, we review recent advances in the applications of kidney organoids to kidney disease modelling, drug screening, nephrotoxicity testing, and regenerative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kyun Kim
- Cell Death Disease Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ah Nam
- Cell Death Disease Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, and Division of Nephrology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Chul Woo Yang, M.D. Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel: +82-2-2258-6037 Fax: +82-2-22258-6917 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Modeling Renal Disease "On the Fly". BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5697436. [PMID: 29955604 PMCID: PMC6000847 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5697436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Detoxification is a fundamental function for all living organisms that need to excrete catabolites and toxins to maintain homeostasis. Kidneys are major organs of detoxification that maintain water and electrolyte balance to preserve physiological functions of vertebrates. In insects, the renal function is carried out by Malpighian tubules and nephrocytes. Due to differences in their circulation, the renal systems of mammalians and insects differ in their functional modalities, yet carry out similar biochemical and physiological functions and share extensive genetic and molecular similarities. Evolutionary conservation can be leveraged to model specific aspects of the complex mammalian kidney function in the genetic powerhouse Drosophila melanogaster to study how genes interact in diseased states. Here, we compare the human and Drosophila renal systems and present selected fly disease models.
Collapse
|
48
|
Verschuren EHJ, Mohammed SG, Leonhard WN, Overmars-Bos C, Veraar K, Hoenderop JGJ, Bindels RJM, Peters DJM, Arjona FJ. Polycystin-1 dysfunction impairs electrolyte and water handling in a renal precystic mouse model for ADPKD. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F537-F546. [PMID: 29767557 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00622.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The PKD1 gene encodes polycystin-1 (PC1), a mechanosensor triggering intracellular responses upon urinary flow sensing in kidney tubular cells. Mutations in PKD1 lead to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The involvement of PC1 in renal electrolyte handling remains unknown since renal electrolyte physiology in ADPKD patients has only been characterized in cystic ADPKD. We thus studied the renal electrolyte handling in inducible kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout (iKsp- Pkd1-/-) mice manifesting a precystic phenotype. Serum and urinary electrolyte determinations indicated that iKsp- Pkd1-/- mice display reduced serum levels of magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), and phosphate (Pi) compared with control ( Pkd1+/+) mice and renal Mg2+, Ca2+, and Pi wasting. In agreement with these electrolyte disturbances, downregulation of key genes for electrolyte reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TA;, Cldn16, Kcnj1, and Slc12a1), distal convoluted tubule (DCT; Trpm6 and Slc12a3) and connecting tubule (CNT; Calb1, Slc8a1, and Atp2b4) was observed in kidneys of iKsp- Pkd1-/- mice compared with controls. Similarly, decreased renal gene expression of markers for TAL ( Umod) and DCT ( Pvalb) was observed in iKsp- Pkd1-/- mice. Conversely, mRNA expression levels in kidney of genes encoding solute and water transporters in the proximal tubule ( Abcg2 and Slc34a1) and collecting duct ( Aqp2, Scnn1a, and Scnn1b) remained comparable between control and iKsp- Pkd1-/- mice, although a water reabsorption defect was observed in iKsp- Pkd1-/- mice. In conclusion, our data indicate that PC1 is involved in renal Mg2+, Ca2+, and water handling and its dysfunction, resulting in a systemic electrolyte imbalance characterized by low serum electrolyte concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric H J Verschuren
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Sami G Mohammed
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Wouter N Leonhard
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Caro Overmars-Bos
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Veraar
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Arjona
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang B, Tran U, Wessely O. Polycystin 1 loss of function is directly linked to an imbalance in G-protein signaling in the kidney. Development 2018. [PMID: 29530879 DOI: 10.1242/dev.158931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of the kidney relies on the establishment and maintenance of a precise tubular diameter of its functional units, the nephrons. This process is disrupted in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), resulting in dilations of the nephron and renal cyst formation. In the course of exploring G-protein-coupled signaling in the Xenopus pronephric kidney, we discovered that loss of the G-protein α subunit, Gnas, results in a PKD phenotype. Polycystin 1, one of the genes mutated in human PKD, encodes a protein resembling a G-protein-coupled receptor. Furthermore, deletion of the G-protein-binding domain present in the intracellular C terminus of polycystin 1 impacts functionality. A comprehensive analysis of all the G-protein α subunits expressed in the Xenopus pronephric kidney demonstrates that polycystin 1 recruits a select subset of G-protein α subunits and that their knockdown - as in the case of Gnas - results in a PKD phenotype. Mechanistically, the phenotype is caused by increased endogenous G-protein β/γ signaling and can be reversed by pharmacological inhibitors as well as knocking down Gnb1. Together, our data support the hypothesis that G proteins are recruited to the intracellular domain of PKD1 and that this interaction is crucial for its function in the kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Uyen Tran
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Janssens P, Weydert C, De Rechter S, Wissing KM, Liebau MC, Mekahli D. Expanding the role of vasopressin antagonism in polycystic kidney diseases: From adults to children? Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:395-408. [PMID: 28455745 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) encompasses a group of genetic disorders that are common causes of renal failure. The two classic forms of PKD are autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Despite their clinical differences, ARPKD and ADPKD share many similarities. Altered intracellular Ca2+ and increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations have repetitively been described as central anomalies that may alter signaling pathways leading to cyst formation. The vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R) antagonist tolvaptan lowers cAMP in cystic tissues and slows renal cystic progression and kidney function decline when given over 3 years in adult ADPKD patients. Tolvaptan is currently approved for the treatment of rapidly progressive disease in adult ADPKD patients. On the occasion of the recent initiation of a clinical trial with tolvaptan in pediatric ADPKD patients, we aim to describe the most important aspects in the literature regarding the AVP-cAMP axis and the clinical use of tolvaptan in PKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Janssens
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Weydert
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephanie De Rechter
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Max Christoph Liebau
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|