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Rahmat JN, Tham SM, Ong TL, Lim YK, Patwardhan MV, Nee Mani LR, Kamaraj R, Chan YH, Chong TW, Chiong E, Esuvaranathan K, Mahendran R. Glutathione-S-Transferase Theta 2 (GSTT2) Modulates the Response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8947. [PMID: 39201633 PMCID: PMC11354831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) enzymes detoxify xenobiotics and are implicated in response to anticancer therapy. This study evaluated the association of GST theta 1 (GSTT1), GSTT2, and GSTT2B with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) response in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment. In vitro assessments of GSTT2 knockout (KO) effects were performed using cell lines and dendritic cells (DCs) from GSTT2KO mice. Deletion of GSTT2B, GSTT1, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of GSTT2 was analysed in patients (n = 205) and healthy controls (n = 150). Silencing GSTT2 expression in MGH cells (GSTT2BFL/FL) resulted in increased BCG survival (p < 0.05) and decreased cellular reactive oxygen species. In our population, there are 24.2% with GSTT2BDel/Del and 24.5% with GSTT2BFL/FL. With ≤ 8 instillations of BCG therapy (n = 51), 12.5% of GSTT2BDel/Del and 53.8% of GSTT2BFL/FL patients had a recurrence (p = 0.041). With ≥9 instillations (n = 153), the disease recurred in 45.5% of GSTT2BDel/Del and 50% of GSTT2BFL/FL. GSTT2FL/FL patients had an increased likelihood of recurrence post-BCG therapy (HR 5.5 [1.87-16.69] p < 0.002). DCs from GSTT2KO mice produced three-fold more IL6 than wild-type DCs, indicating a robust inflammatory response. To summarise, GSTT2BDel/Del patients respond better to less BCG therapy and could be candidates for a reduced surveillance regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwita N. Rahmat
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Sin Mun Tham
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Ting Li Ong
- School of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore 529757, Singapore
| | - Yew Koon Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Mugdha Vijay Patwardhan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Lata Raman Nee Mani
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Revathi Kamaraj
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
| | - Tsung Wen Chong
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore;
- Division of Surgery & Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore 168583, Singapore
| | - Edmund Chiong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Kesavan Esuvaranathan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Ratha Mahendran
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.N.R.); (S.M.T.); (Y.K.L.); (M.V.P.); (L.R.N.M.); (R.K.); (K.E.)
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Petrovic M, Simic T, Djukic T, Radic T, Savic-Radojevic A, Zekovic M, Durutovic O, Janicic A, Milojevic B, Kajmakovic B, Zivkovic M, Bojanic N, Bumbasirevic U, Coric V. The Polymorphisms in GSTO Genes ( GSTO1 rs4925, GSTO2 rs156697, and GSTO2 rs2297235) Affect the Risk for Testicular Germ Cell Tumor Development: A Pilot Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1269. [PMID: 37374052 DOI: 10.3390/life13061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the omega class of glutathione transferases (GSTs), GSTO1, and GSTO2, catalyze a range of reduction reactions as a part of the antioxidant defense system. Polymorphisms of genes encoding antioxidant proteins and the resultant altered redox profile have already been associated with the increased risk for testicular germ cell cancer (GCT) development. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the individual, combined, haplotype, and cumulative effect of GSTO1rs4925, GSTO2rs156697, and GSTO2rs2297235 polymorphisms with the risk for testicular GCT development, in 88 patients and 96 matched controls, through logistic regression models. We found that carriers of the GSTO1*C/A*C/C genotype exhibited an increased risk for testicular GCT development. Significant association with increased risk of testicular GCT was observed in carriers of GSTO2rs2297235*A/G*G/G genotype, and in carriers of combined GSTO2rs156697*A/G*G/G and GSTO2rs2297235*A/G*G/G genotypes. Haplotype H7 (GSTO1rs4925*C/GSTO2rs2297235*G/GSTO2rs156697*G) exhibited higher risk of testicular GCT, however, without significant association (p > 0.05). Finally, 51% of testicular GCT patients were the carriers of all three risk-associated genotypes, with 2.5-fold increased cumulative risk. In conclusion, the results of this pilot study suggest that GSTO polymorphisms might affect the protective antioxidant activity of GSTO isoenzymes, therefore predisposing susceptible individuals toward higher risk for testicular GCT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Petrovic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Djukic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Radic
- Institute of Mental Health, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zekovic
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Otas Durutovic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Janicic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bogomir Milojevic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Boris Kajmakovic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Zivkovic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Bojanic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uros Bumbasirevic
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Coric
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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The Upregulation of GSTO2 is Associated with Colon Cancer Progression and a Poor Prognosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:4931650. [PMID: 36688005 PMCID: PMC9848813 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4931650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Glutathione S-transferase can affect the development of cancer. Glutathione S-transferase omega 2, a member of the GST family, plays an important role in many tumors. However, the role of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 in the development of colon cancer remains unclear. Herein, our study aimed to investigate the exact role of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 in colon cancer. We used RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database to analyze Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 expressions. Then, we explore the protein information of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 in the Human Protein Atlas, GeneCards, and String database. In addition, western blot and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the protein levels of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 in colon cancer tissues. We acquire data from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Also, we performed relevant prognostic analyses of these data. In addition, we performed a statistical analysis of the clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and the expression level of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2. Then, we performed Cox regression analysis and found independent risk factors for prognosis in patients with colon cancer. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were used to explore the potential biological functions of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2. The infiltration of colon cancer-immune cells was evaluated by the CIBERSORT method. RNA silencing was performed using siRNA constructs in HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8 and EdU assays were performed to determine cell proliferation. Transwell experiments and scratch tests were used to determine cell migration. As for the mRNA and protein expression levels of cells, we used quantitative real-time PCR and western blot to detect them. Our research shows that Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 is overexpressed in colon cancer patients, and this overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis. The high expression of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 is significantly correlated stage with stage, M, and N classification progression in colon cancer by statistical analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in colon cancer. In addition, we also found that Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 expression levels can affect the immune microenvironment of colon cancer cells. Gene silencing of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 in HT-29 and HCT-116 cells significantly inhibited tumor growth and migration. In summary, we found that Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 can be used as a molecular indicator of colon cancer prognosis. In vitro, gene silencing of Glutathione S-transferase omega 2 inhibited colon cancer cells' growth and migration.
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Tan X, Huang X, Niu B, Guo X, Lei X, Qu B. Targeting GSTP1-dependent ferroptosis in lung cancer radiotherapy: Existing evidence and future directions. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1102158. [PMID: 36589232 PMCID: PMC9800622 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is applied in about 70% patients with tumors, yet radioresistance of tumor cells remains a challenge that limits the efficacy of radiotherapy. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation regulated cell death, is involved in the development of a variety of tumors. Interestingly, there is evidence that ferroptosis inducers in tumor treatment can significantly improve radiotherapy sensitivity. In addition, related studies show that Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) is closely related to the development of ferroptosis. The potential mechanism of targeting GSTP1 to inhibit tumor cells from evading ferroptosis leading to radioresistance has been proposed in this review, which implies that GSTP1 may play a key role in radiosensitization of lung cancer via ferroptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baolong Niu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingdong Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiao Lei, ; Baolin Qu,
| | - Baolin Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiao Lei, ; Baolin Qu,
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5
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Li P, Liu Z, Wang J, Bi X, Xiao Y, Qiao R, Zhou X, Guo S, Wan P, Chang M, Hong G, Liu Z, Ming X, Gao J, Fu X. Gstm1/Gstt1 is essential for reducing cisplatin ototoxicity in CBA/CaJ mice. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22373. [PMID: 35621716 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200324r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, its clinical utility is limited because of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) was found to play a vital role in reducing cisplatin ototoxicity in mice. Deletion polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1, members of the GST family, are common in humans and are presumed to be associated with cisplatin-induced hearing impairment. However, the specific roles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in cisplatin ototoxicity are not completely clear. Here, under cisplatin treatment, simultaneous deletion of Gstm1 and Gstt1 lead to a more profound hearing loss in CBA/CaJ mice (Gstm1/Gstt1-DKO) than in wild-type mice. The Gstm1/Gstt1-DKO mice, in which phase II detoxification genes were upregulated, exhibited more severe oxidative stress and higher outer hair cell apoptosis in the cochleae than the control mice. Thus, our study revealed that Gstm1 and Gstt1 protect auditory hair cells from cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in the CBA/CaJ mice, and genetic screening for GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms could help determine a standard cisplatin dose for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Bi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruifeng Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuanchen Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Siwei Guo
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Wan
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Miao Chang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xia Ming
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangang Gao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Senekovič Kojc T, Marčun Varda N. Novel Biomarkers of Heart Failure in Pediatrics. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050740. [PMID: 35626917 PMCID: PMC9139970 DOI: 10.3390/children9050740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel biomarkers of heart failure are the subject of numerous studies. Biomarkers of heart failure can be determined in the blood and in the urine. Seven groups of biomarkers of heart failure based on pathophysiological mechanisms are presented in this review, namely biomarkers of myocardial stretch, myocyte injury, myocardial remodeling, biomarkers of inflammation, renal dysfunction, neurohumoral activation, and oxidative stress. Studies of biomarkers in the pediatric population are scarce, therefore, further investigation is needed for reliable prognostic and therapeutic implications. The future of biomarker use is in multimarker panels that include a combination of biomarkers with different pathophysiological mechanisms in order to improve their diagnostic and prognostic predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teja Senekovič Kojc
- Department of Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataša Marčun Varda
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Siddiqui AJ, Khan MF, Hamadou WS, Goyal M, Jahan S, Jamal A, Ashraf SA, Sharma P, Sachidanandan M, Badraoui R, Chaubey KK, Snoussi M, Adnan M. Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Revealed Ivermectin as Potential Drug against Schistosoma-Associated Bladder Cancer Targeting Protein Signaling: Computational Drug Repositioning Approach. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:1058. [PMID: 34684095 PMCID: PMC8539496 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) infection, which has been linked to the development of bladder cancer. In this study, three repurposing drugs, ivermectin, arteether and praziquantel, were screened to find the potent drug-repurposing candidate against the Schistosoma-associated bladder cancer (SABC) in humans by using computational methods. The biology of most glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) proteins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is complex and multifaceted, according to recent evidence, and these proteins actively participate in many tumorigenic processes such as cell proliferation, cell survival and drug resistance. The VEGF and GSTs are now widely acknowledged as an important target for antitumor therapy. Thus, in this present study, ivermectin displayed promising inhibition of bladder cancer cells via targeting VEGF and GSTs signaling. Moreover, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis revealed that ivermectin efficiently targeted the binding pockets of VEGF receptor proteins and possessed stable dynamics behavior at binding sites. Therefore, we proposed here that these compounds must be tested experimentally against VEGF and GST signaling in order to control SABC. Our study lies within the idea of discovering repurposing drugs as inhibitors against the different types of human cancers by targeting essential pathways in order to accelerate the drug development cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow 226003, India;
| | - Walid Sabri Hamadou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Manish Goyal
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; (M.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; (M.G.); (P.S.)
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1017, Tunisia
| | - Kundan Kumar Chaubey
- Department of Biotechnology, Academic Block VI, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India;
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), University of Monastir, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddas BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.H.); (A.J.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
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8
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Minami T, Inoue M, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, and subsequent risk of renal cell carcinoma: The JPHC study. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:5068-5077. [PMID: 34490717 PMCID: PMC8645753 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence have not been well‐investigated in Asian populations. Here, we evaluated these effects in a large Japanese prospective cohort. We collected data on eligible participants in the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study, and undertook multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of RCC incidence. We identified 340 cases (230 men and 110 women) among the 105 663 eligible participants (50 262 men and 55 741 women), who were followed for an average of 19.1 years, with a cumulative total of 2 020 364 person‐years. A slightly inverse but nonsignificant association was observed between alcohol drinking and RCC incidence. In contrast, the risk of RCC was increased in those with heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) when men and women were combined (HR 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01‐2.25). We identified no significant association between alcohol consumption and RCC incidence. In contrast, heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) was associated with a significant increase in incidence. Using a large prospective cohort in Japan, we evaluated the effects of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking on renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our analyses showed no significant association between alcohol consumption and RCC incidence. In contrast, heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) was associated with a significant increase in incidence.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Minami
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Social Medicine, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Social Medicine, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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A novel gene associated with small bowel bleeding in patients taking low-dose aspirin. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:841-845. [PMID: 34059446 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have previously revealed the clinical factors and genetic polymorphisms associated with gastrointestinal mucosal injury and bleeding, induced by low-dose aspirin (LDA). After performing genome-wide analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters (DMET) system among drug metabolism and transporter genes, certain SNPs were found to increase the risk for LDA-induced small bowel bleeding. The aim of this study was to identify the SNPs involved in LDA-induced small bowel bleeding. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects were patients taking LDA, with small bowel bleeding diagnosed using capsule endoscopy. We investigated the clinical characteristics and the previously identified SNPs, that were examined by the DNA direct sequence method. RESULTS 56 patients with bleeding and 410 controls taking LDA were enrolled. The risk factors associated with small bowel bleeding included smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic renal failure, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or anticoagulants combination, and two SNPs (CYP4F11 20043G>A (D446N) rs1060463, GSTP1 313A>G rs1695). After propensity score matching, GSTP1 rs1695 was significantly associated with small bowel bleeding. CONCLUSION The GSTP1 SNP may be a predictive marker for small bowel bleeding among patients taking LDA.
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10
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van de Wetering C, Elko E, Berg M, Schiffers CHJ, Stylianidis V, van den Berge M, Nawijn MC, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Reynaert NL. Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? Redox Biol 2021; 43:101995. [PMID: 33979767 PMCID: PMC8131726 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our lungs are exposed daily to airborne pollutants, particulate matter, pathogens as well as lung allergens and irritants. Exposure to these substances can lead to inflammatory responses and may induce endogenous oxidant production, which can cause chronic inflammation, tissue damage and remodeling. Notably, the development of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is linked to the aforementioned irritants. Some inhaled foreign chemical compounds are rapidly absorbed and processed by phase I and II enzyme systems critical in the detoxification of xenobiotics including the glutathione-conjugating enzymes Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs, and in particular genetic variants of GSTs that alter their activities, have been found to be implicated in the susceptibility to and progression of these lung diseases. Beyond their roles in phase II metabolism, evidence suggests that GSTs are also important mediators of normal lung growth. Therefore, the contribution of GSTs to the development of lung diseases in adults may already start in utero, and continues through infancy, childhood, and adult life. GSTs are also known to scavenge oxidants and affect signaling pathways by protein-protein interaction. Moreover, GSTs regulate reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, known as protein S-glutathionylation. Therefore, GSTs display an array of functions that impact the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. In this review we will provide an overview of the specific functions of each class of mammalian cytosolic GSTs. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of their expression profiles in the lung in healthy subjects, as well as alterations that have been described in (epithelial cells of) asthmatics and COPD patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging evidence of the regulatory properties of GSTs beyond detoxification and their contribution to (un)healthy lungs throughout life. By providing a more thorough understanding, tailored therapeutic strategies can be designed to affect specific functions of particular GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marijn Berg
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar H J Schiffers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Vasili Stylianidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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11
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Medrano-Padial C, Puerto M, Richard T, Cantos-Villar E, Pichardo S. Protection and reversion role of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoot and its major compounds against an induced oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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12
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Naka M, Shuto S, Konishi C, Maekawa K. High prevalence of airway obstruction and pulmonary emphysema in urothelial (renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder) cancer patients. Respir Investig 2020; 58:239-245. [PMID: 32088144 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a major cause of COPD, with patients also presenting complications that stem from other smoking-related diseases, including urothelial cancer. However, the prevalence of COPD or airflow obstruction in urothelial cancer patients has not been well studied. METHODS We investigated the prevalence of airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) in newly diagnosed urothelial cancer patients and identified the risk factors for airflow obstruction in existing urothelial cancer patients. Additionally, we compared the characteristics of subjects who had been diagnosed with both airflow obstruction and urothelial cancer, and subjects whose airflow obstruction was discovered during health screenings. RESULTS A total of 217 patients were newly diagnosed with urothelial cancer during the study period at our institution. Among all patients, 210 (96.8%) underwent an evaluable lung function test, in which 38.6% (81 patients) displayed airflow obstruction defined as FEV1/FVC < 70%. In urothelial cancer patients, age, smoking index (pack-years), and BMI proved to be significant risk factors for airflow obstruction in multivariate logistic regression (p = 0.007, p < 0.0001, and p = 0.035, respectively). Gender, cancer stage, and cancer location were not significant risk factors. Patients with both airflow obstruction and urothelial cancer showed a more advanced emphysematous change than subjects presenting with airflow obstruction alone (unpaired t-test, p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS Airflow obstruction was identified in 38.6% of urothelial cancer patients. Age, smoking index (pack-years), and BMI were significant risk factors. A significantly higher emphysematous score was observed in subjects with urothelial cancer than in subjects with airway obstruction alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Naka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, 28-1, Ishida Moriminami-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Saki Shuto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, 28-1, Ishida Moriminami-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Chisato Konishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, 28-1, Ishida Moriminami-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Koichi Maekawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, 28-1, Ishida Moriminami-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto, Japan.
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13
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Galardi A, Colletti M, Lavarello C, Di Paolo V, Mascio P, Russo I, Cozza R, Romanzo A, Valente P, De Vito R, Pascucci L, Peinado H, Carcaboso AM, Petretto A, Locatelli F, Di Giannatale A. Proteomic Profiling of Retinoblastoma-Derived Exosomes Reveals Potential Biomarkers of Vitreous Seeding. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061555. [PMID: 32545553 PMCID: PMC7352325 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common tumor of the eye in early childhood. Although recent advances in conservative treatment have greatly improved the visual outcome, local tumor control remains difficult in the presence of massive vitreous seeding. Traditional biopsy has long been considered unsafe in RB, due to the risk of extraocular spread. Thus, the identification of new biomarkers is crucial to design safer diagnostic and more effective therapeutic approaches. Exosomes, membrane-derived nanovesicles that are secreted abundantly by aggressive tumor cells and that can be isolated from several biological fluids, represent an interesting alternative for the detection of tumor-associated biomarkers. In this study, we defined the protein signature of exosomes released by RB tumors (RBT) and vitreous seeding (RBVS) primary cell lines by high resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 5666 proteins were identified. Among these, 5223 and 3637 were expressed in exosomes RBT and one RBVS group, respectively. Gene enrichment analysis of exclusively and differentially expressed proteins and network analysis identified in RBVS exosomes upregulated proteins specifically related to invasion and metastasis, such as proteins involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and interaction, resistance to anoikis and the metabolism/catabolism of glucose and amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Galardi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-066859-3516
| | - Chiara Lavarello
- Core Facilities-Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (C.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Virginia Di Paolo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Paolo Mascio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Ida Russo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Raffaele Cozza
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Antonino Romanzo
- Ophtalmology Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’ Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (P.V.)
| | - Paola Valente
- Ophtalmology Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’ Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (P.V.)
| | - Rita De Vito
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza di Sant’ Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luisa Pascucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Hector Peinado
- Microenvironment & Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Angel M. Carcaboso
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities-Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (C.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
- Department of Ginecology/Obstetrics & Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (V.D.P.); (P.M.); (I.R.); (R.C.); (F.L.); (A.D.G.)
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Someya S, Kim MJ. Cochlear detoxification: Role of alpha class glutathione transferases in protection against oxidative lipid damage, ototoxicity, and cochlear aging. Hear Res 2020; 402:108002. [PMID: 32600853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (AHL) is the most common form of hearing impairment. AHL is thought to be a multifactorial condition resulting from the interaction of numerous causes including aging, genetics, exposure to noise, and exposure to endogenous and exogenous toxins. Cells possess many detoxification enzymes capable of removing thousands of cytotoxic xenobiotics and endogenous toxins such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), one of the most abundant cytotoxic end products of lipid peroxidation. The cellular detoxification system involves three phases of enzymatic detoxification. Of these, the glutathione transferase (GST) detoxification system converts a toxic compound into a less toxic form by conjugating the toxic compound to reduced glutathione by GST enzymes. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the cochlear detoxification system and examine the growing link between GST detoxification, oxidative lipid damage, ototoxicity, and cochlear aging with a particular focus on the alpha-class GSTs (GSTAs). We also describe how exposure to ototoxic drugs, exposure to noise, or aging results in increased 4-HNE levels, how 4-HNE damages various cell components under stress conditions, and how GSTAs detoxify 4-HNE in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Someya
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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15
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Song A, Shen X, Feng T, Gai S, Wei H, Li X, Chen H. Optimized Fluorescent Probe for Specific Imaging of Glutathione S-Transferases in Living Cells and Mice. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1464-1468. [PMID: 32227593 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
GSTP1 has been considered to be a marker for malignancy in many tissues. However, the existing GST fluorescent probes are unfavorable for in vivo imaging because of the limited emission wavelength or insufficient fluorescence enhancement (six-fold). The limited fluorescence enhancement of GST fluorescent probes is mainly ascribed to the high background signals resulting from the spontaneous reaction between GSH and the probes. In this work, a highly specific GST probe with NIR emission has been successfully developed through optimization of the essential unit of the probe to repress the spontaneous reaction. The novel GST probe exhibits over 100-fold fluorescence enhancement upon incubation with GSTP1/GSH and high selectivity over other potential interference. In addition, the probe has been proved to be capable of tracking endogenous GST in A549 cells. Finally, the in vivo imaging results demonstrate that the probe can be used for effective imaging of endogenous GST activity in subcutaneous tumor mouse with high contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Tian Feng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China.,Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Shouchang Gai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Wei
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
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The Double-Faced Role of Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species in Solid Tumors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050374. [PMID: 32365852 PMCID: PMC7278755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbed redox homeostasis represents a hallmark of cancer phenotypes, affecting cellular metabolism and redox signaling. Since reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are involved in regulation of proliferation and apoptosis, they may play a double-faced role in cancer, entailing protumorigenic and tumor-suppressing effects in early and later stages, respectively. In addition, ROS and RNS impact the activity and communication of all tumor constituents, mediating their reprogramming from anti- to protumorigenic phenotypes, and vice versa. An important role in this dichotomic action is played by the variable amounts of O2 in the tumor microenvironment, which dictates the ultimate outcome of the influence of ROS/RNS on carcinogenesis. Moreover, ROS/RNS levels remarkably influence the cancer response to therapy. The relevance of ROS/RNS signaling in solid tumors is witnessed by the emergence of novel targeted treatments of solid tumors with compounds that target ROS/RNS action and production, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, which might contribute to the complexity of redox regulation in cancer. Prospectively, the dual role of ROS/RNS in the different stages of tumorigenesis through different impact on oxidation and nitrosylation may also allow development of tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Savic-Radojevic A, Coric V, Radic T, Simic T. Glutathione transferase genotypes may serve as determinants of risk and prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. Biofactors 2020; 46:229-238. [PMID: 31483924 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a group of histologically similar neoplasms with significant intratumor and intertumor genetic heterogeneity. Recognized risk factors for RCC development include smoking, hypertension, obesity, as well as von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Inactivation of VHL, deregulated nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway, and altered redox homeostasis, together with changes in glutathione transferase (GST) profile, are considered as important contributing factors in RCC development and progression. Although the available results of both gene-gene and gene-environment analysis are quite heterogeneous, they clearly indicate that certain GST genotypes may play a role as risk modifiers, either individually or in combination with other Phase I or Phase II gene polymorphisms, as well as in subjects exposed to relevant substrates. Seemingly, GST genotyping could identify individuals with impaired detoxification in renal parenchyma that are at higher risk of developing RCC. In addition to well established roles of GSTs in conjugation and biotransformation of xenobiotics, GSTs have emerged as significant regulators of pathways determining cell proliferation and survival. Indeed, there are evidence in favor of GST significance, not only in terms of risk for RCC development, but also with respect to progression and prognosis. So far, GSTM1-active genotype was confirmed to be an independent predictor of higher risk of overall mortality. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that certain GST variants may assist in individual RCC risk assessment, as well as postoperative prognosis. Even more, GST profiling might contribute to development of personalized targeted therapy in RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Coric
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Radic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Wang L, Ahn YJ, Asmis R. Sexual dimorphism in glutathione metabolism and glutathione-dependent responses. Redox Biol 2019; 31:101410. [PMID: 31883838 PMCID: PMC7212491 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione is the most abundant intracellular low molecular weight thiol in cells and tissues, and plays an essential role in numerous cellular processes, including antioxidant defenses, the regulation of protein function, protein localization and stability, DNA synthesis, gene expression, cell proliferation, and cell signaling. Sexual dimorphisms in glutathione biology, metabolism and glutathione-dependent signaling have been reported for a broad range of biological processes, spanning the human lifespan from early development to aging. Sex-depended differences with regard to glutathione and its biology have also been reported for a number of human pathologies and diseases such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Here we review the latest literature in this field and discuss the potential impact of these sexual dimorphisms in glutathione biology on human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Yong Joo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.
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Hydrogen Sulfide: Emerging Role in Bladder, Kidney, and Prostate Malignancies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2360945. [PMID: 31781328 PMCID: PMC6875223 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2360945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the latest member of the gasotransmitter family and known to play essential roles in cancer pathophysiology. H2S is produced endogenously and can be administered exogenously. Recent studies showed that H2S in cancers has both pro- and antitumor roles. Understanding the difference in the expression and localization of tissue-specific H2S-producing enzymes in healthy and cancer tissues allows us to develop tools for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Urological malignancies are some of the most common cancers in both men and women, and their early detection is vital since advanced cancers are recurrent, metastatic, and often resistant to treatment. This review summarizes the roles of H2S in cancer and looks at current studies investigating H2S activity and expression of H2S-producing enzymes in urinary cancers. We specifically focused on urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer, as they form the majority of newly diagnosed urinary cancers. Recent studies show that besides the physiological activity of H2S in cancer cells, there are patterns between the development and prognosis of urinary cancers and the expression of H2S-producing enzymes and indirectly the H2S levels. Though controversial and not completely understood, studying the expression of H2S-producing enzymes in cancer tissue may represent an avenue for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for addressing urological malignancies.
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Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) Gene 313 A/G (rs1695) polymorphism is associated with the risk of urinary bladder cancer: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis based on 34 case-control studies. Gene 2019; 719:144077. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dasari S, Gonuguntla S, Yellanurkonda P, Nagarajan P, Meriga B. Sensitivity of glutathione S-transferases to high doses of acrylamide in albino wistar rats: Affinity purification, biochemical characterization and expression analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109416. [PMID: 31301596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main objectives of this study were to purify the glutathione S-transfereses (GSTs) and assess the effect of high doses of acrylamide (ACR) on male albino Wistar rat liver, kidney, testis and bran GST activities, and expression analysis of GST. ACR (50 mg/300 ml) was ingested for 40 days (20 doses) in drinking water on alternative days, on 40 day post ingestion the control and treated tissues were collected for GST purification by affinity column and biochemical characterization of GSTs by substrate specificities, and GST expression by immuno dot blots. In the analysis of the purified GSTs, we observed that liver GSTs were resolved in to three bands known as Yc, Yb and Ya; kidney GSTs were resolved in to two bands known as Yc and Ya; testis and brain GSTs were resolved as four bands known as Yc, Yb, Yβ and Yδ on 12.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel (SDS PAGE). In the analysis of biochemical characterization, we observed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the specific activities of liver GST isoforms with the substrates 1-chloro 2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), bromosulfophthalein (BSP), p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA), p-nitrobenzyl chloride (pNBC) and cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), but showed no activity with ethacrynic acid (ECA) and significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the specific activities of kidney GST isoforms with the substrates CDNB, pNPA, pNBC and CHP, but showed no activity with BSP and ECA, and a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the specific activities of testis and brain GST isoforms with the substrates CDNB, BSP, pNPA, pNBC, ECA and CHP. In the analysis of immuno dot blots, we observed a decreased expression of liver, kidney, testis and brain GSTs. Through the affinity purification and biochemical characterization, we observed a tissue specific distribution of GSTs that is liver GSTs possess Yc, Yb and Ya sub units known as alpha (α) and mu (μ) class GSTs; kidney GSTs possess Yc and Ya sub units known as (α) alpha class GST; testis and brain GSTs possess Yc, Yb, Yβ and Yδ sub units known as alpha (α), mu (μ) and pi (π) class GSTs. Purification studies, biochemical characterization and immuno dot blot analysis were revealed the GSTs were sensitive to high doses of ACR and the high level exposure to ACR cause the damage of detoxification function of GST due to decreased expression and hence lead to cellular dysfunction of vital organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasulu Dasari
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Sailaja Gonuguntla
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Prabhusaran Nagarajan
- Research Laboratory of Leptospirosis and Medical Nanotechnology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Tiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Balaji Meriga
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Park HJ, Kim MJ, Rothenberger C, Kumar A, Sampson EM, Ding D, Han C, White K, Boyd K, Manohar S, Kim YH, Ticsa MS, Gomez AS, Caicedo I, Bose U, Linser PJ, Miyakawa T, Tanokura M, Foster TC, Salvi R, Someya S. GSTA4 mediates reduction of cisplatin ototoxicity in female mice. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4150. [PMID: 31515474 PMCID: PMC6742643 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer. Unfortunately, one of its major side effects is permanent hearing loss. Here, we show that glutathione transferase α4 (GSTA4), a member of the Phase II detoxifying enzyme superfamily, mediates reduction of cisplatin ototoxicity by removing 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in the inner ears of female mice. Under cisplatin treatment, loss of Gsta4 results in more profound hearing loss in female mice compared to male mice. Cisplatin stimulates GSTA4 activity in the inner ear of female wild-type, but not male wild-type mice. In female Gsta4−/− mice, cisplatin treatment results in increased levels of 4-HNE in cochlear neurons compared to male Gsta4−/− mice. In CBA/CaJ mice, ovariectomy decreases mRNA expression of Gsta4, and the levels of GSTA4 protein in the inner ears. Thus, our findings suggest that GSTA4-dependent detoxification may play a role in estrogen-mediated neuroprotection. A common complication of cisplatin-based chemotherapy is hearing loss. Here, Park et al. show that glutathione transferase α4 (GSTA4) contributes to reducing cisplatin toxicity in the inner ear of female mice by removing 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Park
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christina Rothenberger
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Edith M Sampson
- Monoclonal Antibody Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Dalian Ding
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Chul Han
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Karessa White
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Kevin Boyd
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Senthilvelan Manohar
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Yong-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Maria S Ticsa
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Aaron S Gomez
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Isabela Caicedo
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Upal Bose
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Paul J Linser
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.,Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 41354, Republic of China
| | - Shinichi Someya
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Glutathione Transferase P1-1 an Enzyme Useful in Biomedicine and as Biomarker in Clinical Practice and in Environmental Pollution. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081741. [PMID: 31357662 PMCID: PMC6723968 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) is expressed in some human tissues and is abundant in mammalian erythrocytes (here termed e-GST). This enzyme is able to detoxify the cell from endogenous and exogenous toxic compounds by using glutathione (GSH) or by acting as a ligandin. This review collects studies that propose GSTP1-1 as a useful biomarker in different fields of application. The most relevant studies are focused on GSTP1-1 as a biosensor to detect blood toxicity in patients affected by kidney diseases. In fact, this detoxifying enzyme is over-expressed in erythrocytes when unusual amounts of toxins are present in the body. Here we review articles concerning the level of GST in chronic kidney disease patients, in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to assess dialysis adequacy. GST is also over-expressed in autoimmune disease like scleroderma, and in kidney transplant patients and it may be used to check the efficiency of transplanted kidneys. The involvement of GSTP in the oxidative stress and in other human pathologies like cancer, liver and neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders is also reported. Promising applications of e-GST discussed in the present review are its use for monitoring human subjects living in polluted areas and mammals for veterinary purpose.
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Glutathione Transferase P1 Polymorphism Might Be a Risk Determinant in Heart Failure. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:6984845. [PMID: 31275451 PMCID: PMC6589253 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6984845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed redox balance in heart failure (HF) might contribute to impairment of cardiac function, by oxidative damage, or by regulation of cell signaling. The role of polymorphism in glutathione transferases (GSTs), involved both in antioxidant defense and in regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways in HF, has been proposed. We aimed to determine whether GST genotypes exhibit differential risk effects between coronary artery disease (CAD) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) in HF patients. GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 genotypes were determined in 194 HF patients (109 CAD, 85 IDC) and 274 age- and gender-matched controls. No significant association was found for GSTA1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes with HF occurrence due to either CAD or IDC. However, carriers of at least one variant GSTP1∗Val (rs1695) allele were at 1.7-fold increased HF risk than GSTP1∗Ile/Ile carriers (p = 0.031), which was higher when combined with the variant GSTA1∗B allele (OR = 2.2, p = 0.034). In HF patients stratified based on the underlying cause of disease, an even stronger association was observed in HF patients due to CAD, who were carriers of a combined GSTP1(rs1695)/GSTA1 "risk-associated" genotype (OR = 2.8, p = 0.033) or a combined GSTP1∗Ile/Val+Val/Val (rs1695)/GSTP1∗AlaVal+∗ValVal (rs1138272) genotype (OR = 2.1, p = 0.056). Moreover, these patients exhibited significantly decreased left ventricular end-systolic diameter compared to GSTA1∗AA/GSTP1∗IleIle carriers (p = 0.021). Higher values of ICAM-1 were found in carriers of the GSTP1∗IleVal+∗ValVal (rs1695) (p = 0.041) genotype, whereas higher TNFα was determined in carriers of the GSTP1∗AlaVal+∗ValVal genotype (rs1138272) (p = 0.041). In conclusion, GSTP1 polymorphic variants may determine individual susceptibility to oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in HF.
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Oxidative Stress Effects of Soluble Sulfide on Human Hepatocyte Cell Line LO2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16091662. [PMID: 31086073 PMCID: PMC6539978 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Soluble sulfide is well known for its toxicity and corrosion for hundreds of years. However, recent studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-a novel gasotransmitter-supports a critical role during neuromodulation, cell proliferation, and cardioprotection for organisms. In particular, soluble sulfide plays multifaceted signaling functions in mammals during oxidative stress processes. However, the specific molecular regulation of soluble sulfide during oxidative stress remains unclear. In this study, Na2S was implemented as a soluble sulfide donor to expose LO2 cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2),-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, hydroxyl radical assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) assay were applied to analyze cytotoxicity, hydroxyl radical levels, SOD and GSH-Px activities, respectively. Soluble sulfide at a concentration 0.01-1.0 mM/L resulted in a marked and concentration-dependent reduction of LO2 cell viability. At low concentrations, sulfide solutions increased SOD activity and GSH-Px activity of LO2 after 24 h exposure, exhibiting a clear hormesis-effect and indicating the protective ability of soluble sulfide against oxidative stress. The decline in SOD and GSH-Px and the increase in hydroxyl radical (0.08-1.0 mM/L) suggested that oxidative damage could be a possible mechanism for sulfide-induced cytotoxicity.
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Zych M, Wojnar W, Dudek S, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I. Rosmarinic and Sinapic Acids May Increase the Content of Reduced Glutathione in the Lenses of Estrogen-Deficient Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:E803. [PMID: 30970573 PMCID: PMC6521282 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be associated with both postmenopausal disorders and cataract development. Previously, we have demonstrated that rosmarinic and sinapic acids, which are diet-derived antioxidative phenolic acids, counteracted some disorders induced by estrogen deficiency. Other studies have shown that some phenolic acids may reduce cataract development in various animal models. However, there is no data on the effect of phenolic acids on oxidative stress markers in the lenses of estrogen-deficient rats. The study aimed to investigate whether administration of rosmarinic acid and sinapic acid affects the antioxidative abilities and oxidative damage parameters in the lenses of estrogen-deficient rats. The study was conducted on three-month-old female Wistar rats. The ovariectomized rats were orally treated with rosmarinic acid at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg or sinapic acid at doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg, for 4 weeks. The content of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione and amyloid β1-42, as well as products of protein and lipid oxidation, were assessed. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and some glutathione-related enzymes in the lenses were determined. Rosmarinic and sinapic acids in both doses resulted in an increase in the GSH content and glutathione reductase activity. They also improved parameters connected with protein oxidation. Since GSH plays an important role in maintaining the lens transparency, the increase in GSH content in lenses after the use of rosmarinic and sinapic acids seems to be beneficial. Therefore, both the investigated dietary compounds may be helpful in preventing cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zych
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Weronika Wojnar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Dudek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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27
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Yan D, Pan H, Liu B, Li T, Wang X, Cai W, Wang B. Carrying the T Allele of the SNP rs574344, an eQTL of GSTM1, Contributes to Longevity in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 23:12-15. [PMID: 30589570 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been recent recognition that the GSTM1 gene is associated with successful aging and longevity. It has been hypothesized that individuals with a GSTM1 deletion are at a greater risk for developing a plethora of diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the association between the rs574344 single nucleotide polymorphism, an expression quantitative trait locus of GSTM1, and longevity in the Han Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a case-control study that comprised 526 long-lived subjects (>97 years of age) and 783 younger subjects (aged 19-80 years) from the general population who served as controls. Identification of the genotypes of rs574344 was accomplished by combining polymerase chain reaction with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS The long-lived study population, when compared with the controls, showed a significantly higher frequency of the T/T genotype and the T allele of rs574344. We determined that the T/T genotype is associated with a longer lifespan (OR = 5.972, 95% CI 1.798-19.833, p = 0.001, for all genders; p = 0.006 adjusted by gender). We also observed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the distribution of alleles and genotypes in both the male group (TT vs. TA, OR = 1.043, 95% CI 1.022-1.067, p = 0.043) and the female group (TT vs. TA, OR = 3.592, 95% CI 0.982-13.147, p = 0.039) Conclusion: We found significant associations between both the T allele and the T/T genotype of rs574344 with longevity in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Siyang Zhang
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Dongjing Yan
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Hong Pan
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Beihong Liu
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Tengyan Li
- 2 Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, China .,3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
| | - Xianshou Wang
- 4 Laboratory of Biotechnology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Wangwei Cai
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College , Haikou, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- 3 Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning , Beijing, China
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Glutathione Transferases: Potential Targets to Overcome Chemoresistance in Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123785. [PMID: 30487385 PMCID: PMC6321424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional enzymes glutathione transferases (GSTs) are involved in the development of chemoresistance, thus representing a promising target for a novel approach in cancer treatment. This superfamily of polymorphic enzymes exhibits extraordinary substrate promiscuity responsible for detoxification of numerous conventional chemotherapeutics, at the same time regulating signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition to upregulated GST expression, different cancer cell types have a unique GST signature, enabling targeted selectivity for isoenzyme specific inhibitors and pro-drugs. As a result of extensive research, certain GST inhibitors are already tested in clinical trials. Catalytic properties of GST isoenzymes are also exploited in bio-activation of specific pro-drugs, enabling their targeted accumulation in cancer cells with upregulated expression of the appropriate GST isoenzyme. Moreover, the latest approach to increase specificity in treatment of solid tumors is development of GST pro-drugs that are derivatives of conventional anti-cancer drugs. A future perspective is based on the design of new drugs, which would selectively target GST overexpressing cancers more prone to developing chemoresistance, while decreasing side effects in off-target cells.
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Khatri B, Seo D, Shouse S, Pan JH, Hudson NJ, Kim JK, Bottje W, Kong BC. MicroRNA profiling associated with muscle growth in modern broilers compared to an unselected chicken breed. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:683. [PMID: 30223794 PMCID: PMC6142689 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetically selected modern broiler chickens have acquired outstanding production efficiency through rapid growth and improved feed efficiency compared to unselected chicken breeds. Recently, we analyzed the transcriptome of breast muscle tissues obtained from modern pedigree male (PeM) broilers (rapid growth and higher efficiency) and foundational Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR) chickens (slow growth and poorer efficiency). This study was designed to investigate microRNAs that play role in rapid growth of the breast muscles in modern broiler chickens. Results In this study, differential abundance of microRNA (miRNA) was analyzed in breast muscle of PeM and BPR chickens and the results were integrated with differentially expressed (DE) mRNA in the same tissues. A total of 994 miRNA were identified in PeM and BPR chicken lines from the initial analysis of small RNA sequencing data. After filtering and statistical analyses, the results showed miR-2131-5p, miR-221-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-146b-5p, miR-10a-5p, let-7b, miR-125b-5p, and miR-146c-5p up-regulated whereas miR-206 down-regulated in PeM compared to BPR breast muscle. Based on inhibitory regulations of miRNAs on the mRNA abundance, our computational analysis using miRDB, an online software, predicated that 118 down-regulated mRNAs may be targeted by the up-regulated miRNAs, while 35 up-regulated mRNAs appear to be due to a down-regulated miRNA (i.e., miR-206). Functional network analyses of target genes of DE miRNAs showed their involvement in calcium signaling, axonal guidance signaling, and NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathways suggesting their involvement in breast muscle growth in chickens. Conclusion From the integrated analyses of differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA data, we were able to identify breast muscle specific miRNAs and their target genes whose concerted actions can contribute to rapid growth and higher feed efficiency in modern broiler chickens. This study provides foundation data for elucidating molecular mechanisms that govern muscle growth in chickens. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5061-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Khatri
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Dongwon Seo
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Stephanie Shouse
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Jeong Hoon Pan
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Nicholas J Hudson
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD4343, Gatton, Australia
| | - Jae Kyeom Kim
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Walter Bottje
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Byungwhi C Kong
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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Rahmat JN, Esuvaranathan K, Mahendran R. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin induces rapid gene expression changes in human bladder cancer cell lines that may modulate its survival. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9231-9241. [PMID: 29844825 PMCID: PMC5958814 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is the standard therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The aim of the present study was to identify genes that are induced in response to BCG immunotherapy, as these may be potential biomarkers for the response to clinical therapy. To model clinical therapy, human bladder cancer cell lines were incubated with BCG (live or lyophilized BCG Connaught) for 2 h. RNA was extracted and evaluated by Representational Differential Analysis (RDA) and oligo arrays. Gene expression was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on fresh cell lines with differential abilities to internalize BCG. The effect of 2 major BCG soluble proteins, antigen 85B (Ag85B) and Mycobacterium protein tyrosine phosphatase A (MptpA) and BCG Tice® on gene expression was also determined. GAPDH and β-actin, which are normally used as control genes, were upregulated by BCG. Therefore, the ribosomal RNA gene ribosomal protein S27a was used to normalize gene expression. The genes likely to be induced by BCG internalization and soluble factors were: GSTT2, MGST2, CCL20, TNFα, CCNE1 and IL10RB. Those induced by BCG membrane interactions and/or soluble factors were: MGST1, CXCL6, IL12A, CSF2, IL1β and TOLLIP. MptpA decreased GSTT2 expression, and Ag85B increased TNFα expression. The two BCG strains significantly increased GSTT2, TNFα and TOLLIP levels in MGH cells. However, in J82 cells there was a BCG strain-dependent difference in TNFα expression. An important outcome of the present study was the determination that neither GAPDH nor β-actin were suitable control genes for the analysis of BCG-induced gene expression. BCG Connaught and Tice® induced similar expression levels of genes in bladder cancer cell lines. BCG soluble proteins modulated gene expression and therefore may affect therapeutic outcomes. The genes identified may be novel biomarkers of the response to BCG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwita N Rahmat
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kesavan Esuvaranathan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore.,National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ratha Mahendran
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore
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Wahafu W, Gai J, Song L, Ping H, Wang M, Yang F, Niu Y, Xing N. Increased H 2S and its synthases in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder, and enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis following H 2S inhibition in EJ cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8484-8490. [PMID: 29928321 PMCID: PMC6004664 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
H2S, synthesized by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), functions as a signalling molecule in mammalian cells. H2S serves complex functions in physiological and pathological processes, including in bladder cancer. In the present study, H2S production, the expression of the associated enzymes and the effect of H2S on human urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) tissue and cell lines were evaluated, and whether decreasing H2S levels influenced cell viability and tumour growth following treatment with cisplatin (CDDP) was assessed in UCB cells in vitro and in vivo. H2S production and the expression of CBS, CSE and MPST in bladder tissue specimens and the UCB cell lines 5637, EJ and UM-UC-3 were analysed using a sulfur-sensitive electrode and western blotting. UCB cells were subjected to different treatments, and viability and protein expression were determined. H2S production was inhibited to examine its influence on EJ cell tumour growth following CDDP treatment in vivo. It was identified that CBS, CSE and MPST protein were up-regulated in UCB tissues and cells. The H2S production and enzyme expression levels were the highest in UCB tissue and EJ cells. The inhibition of endogenous H2S biosynthesis decreased EJ cell viability and tumour growth in response to CDDP treatment. H2S levels and the associated biosynthetic enzymes were increased in human UCB tissue and cells compared with adjacent tissue and normal cells, which may have increased the resistance to CDDP-induced apoptosis in UCB. Therefore, H2S and its production may be an alternative therapeutic target for UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasilijiang Wahafu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Gai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300191, P.R. China
| | - Liming Song
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Hao Ping
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Mingshuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Feiya Yang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yinong Niu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Richter K, Paakkola T, Mennerich D, Kubaichuk K, Konzack A, Ali-Kippari H, Kozlova N, Koivunen P, Haapasaari KM, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Teppo HR, Dimova EY, Bloigu R, Szabo Z, Kerkelä R, Kietzmann T. USP28 Deficiency Promotes Breast and Liver Carcinogenesis as well as Tumor Angiogenesis in a HIF-independent Manner. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1000-1012. [PMID: 29545478 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the ubiquitin-specific protease USP28 plays an important role in cellular repair and tissue remodeling, which implies that it has a direct role in carcinogenesis. The carcinogenic potential of USP28 was investigated in a comprehensive manner using patients, animal models, and cell culture. The findings demonstrate that overexpression of USP28 correlates with a better survival in patients with invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Mouse xenograft experiments with USP28-deficient breast cancer cells also support this view. Furthermore, lack of USP28 promotes a more malignant state of breast cancer cells, indicated by an epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition, elevated proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis as well as a decreased adhesion. In addition to breast cancer, lack of USP28 in mice promoted an earlier onset and a more severe tumor formation in a chemical-induced liver cancer model. Mechanistically, the angio- and carcinogenic processes driven by the lack of USP28 appeared to be independent of HIF-1α, p53, and 53BP1.Implications: The findings of this study are not limited to one particular type of cancer but are rather applicable for carcinogenesis in a more general manner. The obtained data support the view that USP28 is involved in tumor suppression and has the potential to be a prognostic marker. Mol Cancer Res; 16(6); 1000-12. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Richter
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Teija Paakkola
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kateryna Kubaichuk
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anja Konzack
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Ali-Kippari
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nina Kozlova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna-Riikka Teppo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. .,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Azad I, Nasibullah M, Khan T, Hassan F, Akhter Y. Exploring the novel heterocyclic derivatives as lead molecules for design and development of potent anticancer agents. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 81:211-228. [PMID: 29609141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper deals with in silico evaluation of newly proposed heterocyclic derivatives in search of potential anticancer activity. Best possible drug candidates have been proposed using a rational approach employing a pipeline of computational techniques namely MetaPrint2D prediction, molinspiration, cheminformatics, Osiris Data warrior, AutoDock and iGEMDOCK. Lazar toxicity prediction, AdmetSAR predictions, and targeted docking studies were also performed. 27 heterocyclic derivatives were selected for bioactivity prediction and drug likeness score on the basis of Lipinski's rule, Viber rule, Ghose filter, leadlikeness and Pan Assay Interference Compounds (PAINS) rule. Bufuralol, Sunitinib, and Doxorubicin were selected as reference standard drug for the comparison of molecular descriptors and docking. Bufuralol is a known non-selective adreno-receptor blocking agent. Studies showed that beta blockers are also used against different types of cancers. Sunitinib is well known Food and Drug administration (FDA) approved pyrrole containing tyrosine kinase inhibitor and our proposed molecules possess similarities with both drug and doxorubicin is another moiety having anticancer activity. All heterocyclic derivatives were found to obey the drug filters except standard drug Doxorubicin. Bioactivity score of the compounds was predicted for drug targets including enzymes, nuclear receptors, kinase inhibitors, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands and ion channel modulators. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and toxicity (ADMET) prediction of all proposed compound showed good Blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, Human intestinal absorption (HIA), Caco-2 cell permeability except compound-11 and was found to have no AdmetSAR toxicity as well as carcinogenic effect. Compounds 1-9 were slightly mutagenic while compound 2, 11, 20 and 21 showed carcinogenic effect according to Lazar toxicity prediction. Rests of the compounds were predicted to have no side effect. Molecular docking was performed with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR2) and glutathione S-transferase-1 (GSTP1) because both are common cancer causing proteins. Sunitinib and Doxorubicin possess great affinity to inhibit these cancers causing protein. Self-organizing map (SOM) was used to depict data in a simple 2D presentation. Our studies justify that good oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of 10, 12-19 and 22-27 compounds can be considered as potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Malik Nasibullah
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India.
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India; Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, UP, India
| | - Firoj Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP 2260025, India
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Wang W, Qian Y, Li J, Aljuhani N, Siraki AG, Le XC, Li XF. Characterization of Mechanisms of Glutathione Conjugation with Halobenzoquinones in Solution and HepG2 Cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2898-2908. [PMID: 29420883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Halobenzoquinones (HBQs) are a class of emerging disinfection byproducts. Chronic exposure to chlorinated drinking water is potentially associated with an increased risk of human bladder cancer. HBQ-induced cytotoxicity involves depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we used ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to study interactions between HBQs and GSH and found that HBQs can directly react with GSH, forming various glutathionyl conjugates (HBQ-SG) in both aqueous solution and HepG2 cells. We found that the formation of HBQ-SG varies with the initial molar ratio of GSH to HBQ in reaction mixtures. Higher molar ratios of GSH to HBQ facilitate the conjugation of more GSH molecules to an HBQ molecule. We deduced the reaction mechanism between GSH and HBQs, which involves redox cycling-induced formation of halosemiquinone (HSQ) free radicals and glutathione disulfide, Michael addition, as well as nucleophilic substitution. The proposed reaction rates are in the following order: formation of HSQ radicals > substitution of bromine by GSH > Michael addition of GSH on the benzoquinone ring > substitution of chlorine by GSH > substitution of the methyl group by GSH. The conjugates identified in HBQ-treated HepG2 cells were the same as those found in aqueous solution containing a 5:1 ratio of GSH:HBQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Environmental Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G3 , Canada
| | - Yichao Qian
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G3 , Canada
| | - Jinhua Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G3 , Canada
| | - Naif Aljuhani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2H7 , Canada
| | - Arno G Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2H7 , Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G3 , Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G3 , Canada
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35
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Konstantakou EG, Velentzas AD, Anagnostopoulos AK, Giannopoulou AF, Anastasiadou E, Papassideri IS, Voutsinas GE, Tsangaris GT, Stravopodis DJ. Unraveling the human protein atlas of metastatic melanoma in the course of ultraviolet radiation-derived photo-therapy. J Proteomics 2017; 188:119-138. [PMID: 29180045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To explore the photo-therapeutic capacity of UV radiation in solid tumors, we herein employed an nLC-MS/MS technology to profile the proteomic landscape of irradiated WM-266-4 human metastatic-melanoma cells. Obtained data resulted in proteomic catalogues of 5982 and 7280 proteins for UVB- and UVC-radiation conditions, respectively, and indicated the ability of UVB/C-radiation forms to eliminate metastatic-melanoma cells through induction of synergistically operating programs of apoptosis and necroptosis. However, it seems that one or more WM-266-4 cell sub-populations may escape from UV-radiation's photo-damaging activity, acquiring, besides apoptosis tolerance, an EMT phenotype that likely offers them the advantage of developing resistance to certain chemotherapeutic drugs. Low levels of autophagy may also critically contribute to the selective survival and growth of UV-irradiated melanoma-cell escapers. These are the cells that must be systemically targeted with novel therapeutic schemes, like the one of UV radiation and Irinotecan herein suggested to be holding strong promise for the effective treatment of metastatic-melanoma patients. Given the dual nature of UV radiation to serve as both anti-tumorigenic and tumorigenic agent, all individuals being subjected to risk factors for melanoma development have to be appropriately informed and educated, in order to integrate the innovative PPPM concept in their healthcare-sector management. SIGNIFICANCE This study reports the application of nLC-MS/MS technology to deeply map the proteomic landscape of UV-irradiated human metastatic-melanoma cells. Data bioinformatics processing led to molecular-network reconstructions that unearthed the dual nature of UV radiation to serve as both anti-tumorigenic and tumorigenic factor in metastatic-melanoma cellular environments. Our UV radiation-derived "photo-proteomic" atlas may prove valuable for the identification of new biomarkers and development of novel therapies for the disease. Given that UV radiation represents a major risk factor causing melanoma, a PPPM-based life style and clinical practice must be embraced by all individuals being prone to disease's appearance and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eumorphia G Konstantakou
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios D Velentzas
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios K Anagnostopoulos
- Proteomics Core Facility, Systems Biology Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini F Giannopoulou
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ema Anastasiadou
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Issidora S Papassideri
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerassimos E Voutsinas
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - George Th Tsangaris
- Proteomics Core Facility, Systems Biology Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios J Stravopodis
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Hatem E, El Banna N, Huang ME. Multifaceted Roles of Glutathione and Glutathione-Based Systems in Carcinogenesis and Anticancer Drug Resistance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1217-1234. [PMID: 28537430 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Glutathione is the most abundant antioxidant molecule in living organisms and has multiple functions. Intracellular glutathione homeostasis, through its synthesis, consumption, and degradation, is an intricately balanced process. Glutathione levels are often high in tumor cells before treatment, and there is a strong correlation between elevated levels of intracellular glutathione/sustained glutathione-mediated redox activity and resistance to pro-oxidant anticancer therapy. Recent Advances: Ample evidence demonstrates that glutathione and glutathione-based systems are particularly relevant in cancer initiation, progression, and the development of anticancer drug resistance. CRITICAL ISSUES This review highlights the multifaceted roles of glutathione and glutathione-based systems in carcinogenesis, anticancer drug resistance, and clinical applications. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The evidence summarized here underscores the important role played by glutathione and the glutathione-based systems in carcinogenesis and anticancer drug resistance. Future studies should address mechanistic questions regarding the distinct roles of glutathione in different stages of cancer development and cancer cell death. It will be important to study how metabolic alterations in cancer cells can influence glutathione homeostasis. Sensitive approaches to monitor glutathione dynamics in subcellular compartments will be an indispensible step. Therapeutic perspectives should focus on mechanism-based rational drug combinations that are directed against multiple redox targets using effective, specific, and clinically safe inhibitors. This new strategy is expected to produce a synergistic effect, prevent drug resistance, and diminish doses of single drugs. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1217-1234.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Hatem
- 1 CNRS UMR3348, Institut Curie, PSL Research University , Orsay, France .,2 CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Orsay, France
| | - Nadine El Banna
- 1 CNRS UMR3348, Institut Curie, PSL Research University , Orsay, France .,2 CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Orsay, France
| | - Meng-Er Huang
- 1 CNRS UMR3348, Institut Curie, PSL Research University , Orsay, France .,2 CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Orsay, France
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Mohana K, Achary A. Human cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases: quantitative analysis of expression, comparative analysis of structures and inhibition strategies of isozymes involved in drug resistance. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:318-337. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1343343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Mohana
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, India
| | - Anant Achary
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, India
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38
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Georgakis ND, Karagiannopoulos DA, Thireou TN, Eliopoulos EE, Labrou NE, Tsoungas PG, Koutsilieris MN, Clonis YD. Concluding the trilogy: The interaction of 2,2'-dihydroxy-benzophenones and their carbonyl N-analogues with human glutathione transferase M1-1 face to face with the P1-1 and A1-1 isoenzymes involved in MDR. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:900-908. [PMID: 28440951 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenones and their carbonyl N-analogues were studied as potential inhibitors against human glutathione transferase M1-1 (hGSTM1-1) purified from recombinant E. coli. Their screening revealed an inhibition against hGSTM1-1 within a range of 0-42% (25 μM). The IC50 values for the two stronger ones, 16 and 13, were 53.5 ± 5.6 μΜ and 28.5 ± 2.5 μΜ, respectively. The results were compared with earlier ones for isoenzymes hGSTP1-1 and hGSTA1-1 involved in MDR. All but one bind more strongly to A1-1, than M1-1 and P1-1, the latter being a poor binder. An order of potency A1-1 > > M1-1 > P1-1 meritted 13, 14 and 16 as the most potent inhibitors with hGSTM1-1. Enzyme kinetics with hGSTM1-1 (Km(CDNB) 213 ± 10 μΜ and Km(GSH) 303 ± 11 μΜ) revealed a competitive modality for 16 (Ki(16) = 22.3 ± 1.1 μΜ) and a mixed one for 13 versus CDNB (Ki(13) = 33.3 ± 1.6 μM for the free enzyme and Ki(13) ' = 17.7 ± 1.7 μM for the enzyme-CDNB complex). 5- or 5'-Bromo- or phenyl-substituted (but not in combination) inhibitors, having a H-bonded oxime weakly acidic group of a small volume, are optimal candidates for binding hGSTM1-1. The outcome of the isoenzyme trilogy identified good binder leads for the investigated GSTs involved in MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos D Georgakis
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Trias N Thireou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elias E Eliopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros G Tsoungas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael N Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yannis D Clonis
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Djukic T, Simic T, Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Matic M, Suvakov S, Coric V, Dragicevic D, Savic-Radojevic A. Upregulated glutathione transferase omega-1 correlates with progression of urinary bladder carcinoma. Redox Rep 2017; 22:486-492. [PMID: 28288548 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1299909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Newly discovered glutathione transferase omega 1 (GSTO1-1) plays an important role in the glutathionylation cycle, a significant mechanism of protein function regulation. GSTO1-1 expression pattern has not been studied in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), as yet. METHODS A total of 56 TCC tumor and corresponding non-tumor specimens were investigated. Glutathione content and thioltransferase activity were measured spectrophotometrically. Protein-glutathione mixed disulfides were measured fluorimetrically. GSTO1-1 expression was determined by immunoblot and qPCR. Immunoprecipitation with GSTO1-1 antibody was followed by immunoblot using anti-GSTO1, GSTP1, c-Jun, JNK, Akt, phospho-Akt, and ASK1 antibody, while for the total S-glutathionylation levels non-reducing electrophoresis was performed. RESULTS The contents of reduced glutathione and thioltransferase activity were significantly increased in tumor compared to non-tumor tissue. The increased GSTO1 expression in tumor tissue showed clear correlation with grade and stage. However, decreased total protein glutathionylation level in tumor compared to non-tumor samples was found. Immunoprecipitation has shown an association of GSTO1-1 with GSTP1, Akt, phospho-Akt, and ASK1 proteins. CONCLUSIONS GSTO1 deglutathionylase activity suggests its potential important role in redox perturbations present in TCC. Increased GSTO1-1 expression might contribute to TCC development and/or progression supporting the notion that GSTO1-1 may be a promising novel cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Djukic
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Tatjana Simic
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Marija Matic
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Vesna Coric
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Dejan Dragicevic
- b Clinic of Urology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- a Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
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40
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GSTM1 genotype is an independent prognostic factor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2017; 35:409-417. [PMID: 28284893 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Owing to dual functionality of cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), they might affect both the development and the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the data on the prognostic value of GST polymorphism in patients with RCC are scarce. Hence, we evaluated the effect of GST gene variants on both the risk of RCC development and the postoperative prognosis in patients with clear cell RCC (ccRCC). METHODS GST genotypes were determined in 305 patients with RCC and 326 matched controls, whereas the overall survival was evaluated in patients with ccRCC only. The presence of GSTM1:ASK1 protein-protein interaction in ccRCC tissue samples was analyzed by methods of immunoprecipitation and immunoblot. RESULTS We noted an increased risk of RCC development in carriers of GSTM1-null and GSTP1-variant genotype (P<0.05). On the contrary, survival analysis indicated shorter overall survival for patients with ccRCC with GSTM1-active genotype (P = 0.026). Furthermore, patients with ccRCC with GSTM1-active genotype had significantly higher hazard ratio (P<0.05), in analyzed regression models, compared with the carriers of GSTM1-null genotype. Finally, the presence of GSTM1:ASK1 protein-protein interaction was found in all RCC tissue samples studied. CONCLUSIONS Carriers of GSTM1-null and GSTP1-variant genotypes are in increased risk of RCC development. On the contrary, GSTM1-null genotype is associated with favorable postoperative prognosis in ccRCC. The possible molecular mechanism underlying the role of GSTM1 protein in RCC progression might be the presence of GSTM1:ASK1 protein-protein interaction. Hence, determination of GSTM1-genotype might serve as a valuable indicator in both RCC risk assessment and postoperative prognosis.
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Abstract
Although substantial improvements have been made in majority of cardiac disorders, heart failure (HF) remains a major health problem, with both increasing incidence and prevalence over the past decades. For that reason, the number of potential biomarkers that could contribute to diagnosis and treatment of HF patients is, almost exponentially, increasing over the recent years. The biomarkers that are, at the moment, more or less ready for use in everyday clinical practice, reflect different pathophysiological processes present in HF. In this review, seven groups of biomarkers associated to myocardial stretch (mid-regional proatrial natriuretic peptide, MR-proANP), myocyte injury (high-sensitive troponins, hs-cTn; heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, H-FABP; glutathione transferase P1, GSTP1), matrix remodeling (galectin-3; soluble isoform of suppression of tumorigenicity 2, sST2), inflammation (growth differentiation factor-15, GDF-15), renal dysfunction (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL; kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), neurohumoral activation (adrenomedullin, MR-proADM; copeptin), and oxidative stress (ceruloplasmin; myeloperoxidase, MPO; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG; thioredoxin 1, Trx1) in HF will be overviewed. It is important to note that clinical value of individual biomarkers within the single time points in both diagnosis and outcome prediction in HF is limited. Hence, the future of biomarker application in HF lies in the multimarker panel strategy, which would include specific combination of biomarkers that reflect different pathophysiological processes underlying HF.
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Dunnill CJ, Ibraheem K, Mohamed A, Southgate J, Georgopoulos NT. A redox state-dictated signalling pathway deciphers the malignant cell specificity of CD40-mediated apoptosis. Oncogene 2016; 36:2515-2528. [PMID: 27869172 PMCID: PMC5422712 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CD40, a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, has the capacity to cause extensive apoptosis in carcinoma cells, while sparing normal epithelial cells. Yet, apoptosis is only achieved by membrane-presented CD40 ligand (mCD40L), as soluble receptor agonists are but weakly pro-apoptotic. Here, for the first time we have identified the precise signalling cascade underpinning mCD40L-mediated death as involving sequential TRAF3 stabilisation, ASK1 phosphorylation, MKK4 (but not MKK7) activation and JNK/AP-1 induction, leading to a Bak- and Bax-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. TRAF3 is central in the activation of the NADPH oxidase (Nox)-2 component p40phox and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential in apoptosis. Strikingly, CD40 activation resulted in down-regulation of Thioredoxin (Trx)-1 to permit ASK1 activation and apoptosis. Although soluble receptor agonist alone could not induce death, combinatorial treatment incorporating soluble CD40 agonist and pharmacological inhibition of Trx-1 was functionally equivalent to the signal triggered by mCD40L. Finally, we demonstrate using normal, ‘para-malignant' and tumour-derived cells that progression to malignant transformation is associated with increase in oxidative stress in epithelial cells, which coincides with increased susceptibility to CD40 killing, while in normal cells CD40 signalling is cytoprotective. Our studies have revealed the molecular nature of the tumour specificity of CD40 signalling and explained the differences in pro-apoptotic potential between soluble and membrane-bound CD40 agonists. Equally importantly, by exploiting a unique epithelial culture system that allowed us to monitor alterations in the redox-state of epithelial cells at different stages of malignant transformation, our study reveals how pro-apoptotic signals can elevate ROS past a previously hypothesised ‘lethal pro-apoptotic threshold' to induce death; an observation that is both of fundamental importance and carries implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Dunnill
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - K Ibraheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - A Mohamed
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - J Southgate
- Jack Birch Unit of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - N T Georgopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
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Shah H, Patel M, Shrivastava N. Gene expression study of phase I and II metabolizing enzymes in RPTEC/TERT1 cell line: application in in vitro nephrotoxicity prediction. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:837-843. [PMID: 27616666 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1236299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1. The phase I and II metabolizing enzymes of kidneys play an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotic as well as endogenous compounds and proximal tubules of kidney constitute high concentration of these metabolizing enzymes compared with the other parts. 2. It has been shown previously that differential enzyme expression among human and rodent/non-rodent species can be a roadblock in drug discovery and development process. Currently, proximal tubule cell lines of human origin such as RPTEC/TERT1 and HK-2 are used to understand the pathophysiology of kidney diseases, therapeutic efficacy of drugs, and nephrotoxicity of compounds. 3. The purpose of the present study is to understand the metabolic enzymes present in RPTEC/TERT1 and HK-2 cell lines that would help to interpret and predict probable in vitro behavior of the molecule being tested. 4. We analyzed the expression of phase I and II metabolizing enzymes of RPTEC/TERT1 and HK-2 cell lines. We found equal expression of CYP1B1, 2J2, 3A4, 3A5, UGT1A9, SULT2A1 and GSTA, higher expression of 2B6, 2D6, 4A11, 4F2, 4F8, 4F11, UGT2B7, SULT1E1 in RPTEC/TERT1 and absence of GSTT in RPTEC/TERT1 compared to HK-2 at mRNA level. Such differences can affect the outcome of in vitro nephrotoxicity prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heta Shah
- a Department of Biotechnology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India and
| | - Manish Patel
- a Department of Biotechnology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India and
| | - Neeta Shrivastava
- a Department of Biotechnology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India and.,b Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry , B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Center , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India
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Yu Y, Li X, Liang C, Tang J, Qin Z, Wang C, Xu W, Hua Y, Shao P, Xu T. The relationship between GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and bladder cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4900. [PMID: 27631264 PMCID: PMC5402607 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have investigated the relationship between GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms and bladder cancer (BCa) susceptibility, respectively, but the results remain inconsistent. So, we conducted this meta-analysis including 79 case-control studies to explore such relationships. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and CNKI for relevant available studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were implemented to evaluate the intensity of associations. Publication bias was estimated using Begg funnel plots and Egger regression test. To assess the stability of the results, we used sensitivity analysis with the method of calculating the results again by omitting 1 single study each time. Between-study heterogeneity was tested using the I statistic. RESULTS No significant association between GSTA1 polymorphism and BCa susceptibility (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.83-1.33) was noted. Besides, meaningful association between individuals who carried the GSTM1 null genotype and increased BCa risk was detected (OR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.28-1.51). When stratified by ethnicity, significant difference was found in both Caucasian (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.23-1.58) and Asian populations (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.31-1.61). Moreover, in the subgroup analysis by source of controls (SOC), the results were significant in both hospital-based control groups (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.35-1.64) and population-based control groups (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07-1.37). Additionally, the analysis revealed no significant association between GSTP1 polymorphism and BCa risk (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.96-1.20). What is more, significant associations between GSTT1 polymorphism and BCa susceptibility were discovered (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.22). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, significant associations between GSTT1 null genotype and BCa risk were observed only in Caucasians (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.09-1.44). Furthermore, when stratified by SOC, no obvious relationship was found between the GSTT1 null genotype polymorphism with hospital-based population (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.97-1.28) or population-based population (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.96-1.27). CONCLUSION This study suggested that GSTM1 null genotype and GSTT1 null genotype might be related to higher BCa risk, respectively. However, no associations were observed between GSTA1 or GSTP1 polymorphisms and BCa susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of Urologic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Jingyuan Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Chengming Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Weizhang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province
| | - Yibo Hua
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Pengfei Shao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Correspondence: Pengfei Shao, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China (e-mail: ); Ting Xu, Department of Urologic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China (e-mail: )
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Urologic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence: Pengfei Shao, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China (e-mail: ); Ting Xu, Department of Urologic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China (e-mail: )
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Abid A, Ajaz S, Khan AR, Zehra F, Hasan AS, Sultan G, Mohsin R, Hashmi A, Niamatullah N, Rizvi SAUH, Mehdi SQ, Khaliq S. Analysis of the glutathione S-transferase genes polymorphisms in the risk and prognosis of renal cell carcinomas. Case-control and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:419.e1-419.e12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gai JW, Qin W, Liu M, Wang HF, Zhang M, Li M, Zhou WH, Ma QT, Liu GM, Song WH, Jin J, Ma HS. Expression profile of hydrogen sulfide and its synthases correlates with tumor stage and grade in urothelial cell carcinoma of bladder. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:166.e15-20. [PMID: 26847849 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a newly discovered gas transmitter. It is synthesized by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). Endogenous hydrogen sulfide has never been studied in bladder cancer. PURPOSE We evaluated H2S production and its synthases expression levels in transitional cell carcinoma (urothelial cell carcinoma of bladder [UCB]) of human bladder tissue and cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunostaining was performed in urothelial cell lines and bladder specimens from 94 patients with UCB of different stages/grades. The expression levels/activities of CBS, CSE, and MPST of specimens and cell lines were analyzed by image semiquantity assay, western blot, and a sulfur-sensitive electrode. We tried to find the correlation between hydrogen sulfide and its synthases with tumor stage in UCB. All experiments were repeated at least 3 times. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for CBS, CSE, and MPST was detected in malignant uroepithelium and muscular layer of all tissues examined and cultured cells. The expression levels of CBS, CSE, and MPST were associated with UCB stage/grade. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer samples showed the highest production of H2S (52.6±2.91 nmol/[mg·min]) among all tested samples and EJ cells (transitional cell carcinoma, grade IIIshowed the highest production of H2S among all tested cell lines (53.3±7.02nmol/[mg·min]). CONCLUSIONS Protein levels and catalytic activities of CBS, CSE, and MPST increased with the increase of malignant degrees in human bladder tissues and human UCB cell lines. Our findings may promote the application of these novel enzymes to UCB diagnosis or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Wei Gai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, P.R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Hedong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Urology, The People׳s Hospital of Nanpi Country, Nanpi, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Tong Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Shun Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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Ahmed A, Malik A, Jagirdar H, Rabbani N, Khan MS, Al-Senaidy AM, Ismael MA. Copper-Induced Inactivation of Camel Liver Glutathione S-Transferase. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 169:69-76. [PMID: 26043917 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes and play an important role in detoxification of xenobiotics and protection against oxidative stress. Camel liver glutathione transferase (cGST) was recently isolated and characterized in our lab. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations on its activity and stability. Cu(++) was found to be the potent inhibitor of GST activity which loses complete activity at 0.5-mM concentration. Other metal ions did not inhibit GST even at higher concentration of 2 mM. GST incubated with Cu(++) (0.1 mM) resulted decrease in free sulfhydryl groups by 55%, whereas other metal ions did not show any effect on free thiol content. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed formation of GST aggregates instantly in the presence of Cu(++), which further increased in molecular size with increase in time of incubation. DTT treatment resulted in de-aggregation of GST oligomers to its monomeric form. However, the GST activity was not recovered completely after de-aggregation. Cu(++) was found to inhibit GST activity by accelerating the inter- and intra-disulfide bond formation. Far-UV circular dichroism (CD) results showed that Cu(++)-catalyzed air oxidation of sulfhydryl groups leads to minor conformational changes in the GST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ahmed
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb Jagirdar
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayyar Rabbani
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M Al-Senaidy
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ismael
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hamada N, Fujimichi Y. Role of carcinogenesis related mechanisms in cataractogenesis and its implications for ionizing radiation cataractogenesis. Cancer Lett 2015; 368:262-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Koči J, Jeffery B, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA. In vitro safety assessment of food ingredients in canine renal proximal tubule cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:289-98. [PMID: 25458622 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models are useful tools to initially assess the toxicological safety hazards of food ingredients. Toxicities of cinnamaldehyde (CINA), cinnamon bark oil, lemongrass oil (LGO), thymol, thyme oil (TO), clove leaf oil, eugenol, ginger root extract (GRE), citric acid, guanosine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate and sorbose (SORB) were assessed in canine renal proximal tubule cells (CPTC) using viability assay and renal injury markers. At LC50, CINA was the most toxic (0.012mg/ml), while SORB the least toxic (>100mg/ml). Toxicities (LC50) of positive controls were as follows: 4-aminophenol (0.15mg/ml in CPTC and 0.083mg/ml in human PTC), neomycin (28.6mg/ml in CPTC and 27.1mg/ml in human PTC). XYL displayed lowest cytotoxic potency (LC50=82.7mg/ml in CPTC). In vivo renal injury markers in CPTC were not significantly different from controls. The LGO toxicity mechanism was analyzed using qPCR and electron microscopy. Out of 370 genes, 57 genes (15.4%) were significantly up (34, 9.1%) or down (23, 6.2%) regulated, with the most upregulated gene gsta3 (∼200-fold) and the most affected pathway being oxidative stress. LGO induced damage of mitochondria, phospholipid accumulation and lack of a brush border. Viability assays along with mechanistic studies in the CPTC model may serve as a valuable in vitro toxicity screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Koči
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - B Jeffery
- Mars Global Food Safety Center, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou, 101407 Beijing, PR China
| | - J E Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - N A Monteiro-Riviere
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
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Chen SH, Wu WJ, Tu HP, Li WM, Huang CN, Li CC, Lin HH, Ke HL. Glutathione S-transferase expression in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas: a Taiwan study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:6475-9. [PMID: 24377553 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes play important roles in resistance to cell apoptosis and carcinogenesis. We aimed to establish the relationship between GST expression and the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTT-UC) in Taiwan. METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed 46 patients with pathologically confirmed UUT-UC at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. In each patient, expression of GSTT1 and GSTP1 was compared between urothelial carcinoma and normal urothelial cells by Western blotting. RESULTS GSTP1 expression in the UUT-UC cells was significantly higher than that in normal urothelial cells (1.6 fold, p<0.001). Expression of GSTT1 was significantly associated with the invasiveness of the carcinoma (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS In UUT-UC, GSTP1 might be a potential tumor marker, whereas high GSTT1 expression could be used as an indicator of cancer progression. This study is the first to demonstrate potential applications of different GST isoenzymes for biomolecular analysis of UUT-UCs in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Han Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan E-mail :
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