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Sankhe CS, Sacco JL, Lawton J, Fair RA, Soares DVR, Aldahdooh MKR, Gomez ED, Gomez EW. Breast Cancer Cells Exhibit Mesenchymal-Epithelial Plasticity Following Dynamic Modulation of Matrix Stiffness. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400087. [PMID: 38977422 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is essential for tissue and organ development and is thought to contribute to cancer by enabling the establishment of metastatic lesions. Despite its importance in both health and disease, there is a lack of in vitro platforms to study MET and little is known about the regulation of MET by mechanical cues. Here, hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels with dynamic and tunable stiffnesses mimicking that of normal and tumorigenic mammary tissue are synthesized. The platform is then utilized to examine the response of mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells to dynamic modulation of matrix stiffness. Gradual softening of the hydrogels reduces proliferation and increases apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Moreover, breast cancer cells exhibit temporal changes in cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and gene expression that are consistent with mesenchymal-epithelial plasticity as the stiffness of the matrix is reduced. A reduction in matrix stiffness attenuates the expression of integrin-linked kinase, and inhibition of integrin-linked kinase impacts proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression in cells cultured on stiff and dynamic hydrogels. Overall, these findings reveal intermediate epithelial/mesenchymal states as cells move along a matrix stiffness-mediated MET trajectory and suggest an important role for matrix mechanics in regulating mesenchymal-epithelial plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay S Sankhe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jessica L Sacco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jacob Lawton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ryan A Fair
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Mohammed K R Aldahdooh
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Esther W Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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2
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Thakur C, Qiu Y, Pawar A, Chen F. Epigenetic regulation of breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:597-619. [PMID: 37857941 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Recurrent metastasis is associated with poor patient outcomes and poses a significant challenge in breast cancer therapies. Cancer cells adapting to a new tissue microenvironment is the key event in distant metastasis development, where the disseminating tumor cells are likely to acquire genetic and epigenetic alterations during the process of metastatic colonization. Despite several decades of research in this field, the exact mechanisms governing metastasis are not fully understood. However, emerging body of evidence indicates that in addition to genetic changes, epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells and the metastatic niche are paramount toward successful metastasis. Here, we review and discuss the latest knowledge about the salient attributes of metastasis and epigenetic regulation in breast cancer and crucial research domains that need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Thakur
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Aashna Pawar
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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3
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Serra-Bardenys G, Blanco E, Escudero-Iriarte C, Serra-Camprubí Q, Querol J, Pascual-Reguant L, Morancho B, Escorihuela M, Tissera NS, Sabé A, Martín L, Segura-Bayona S, Verde G, Aiese Cigliano R, Millanes-Romero A, Jerónimo C, Cebrià-Costa JP, Nuciforo P, Simonetti S, Viaplana C, Dienstmann R, Oliveira M, Peg V, Stracker TH, Arribas J, Canals F, Villanueva J, Di Croce L, García de Herreros A, Tian TV, Peiró S. LOXL2-mediated chromatin compaction is required to maintain the oncogenic properties of triple-negative breast cancer cells. FEBS J 2024; 291:2423-2448. [PMID: 38451841 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Oxidation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4ox) is catalyzed by lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (LOXL2). This histone modification is enriched in heterochromatin in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and has been linked to the maintenance of compacted chromatin. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this maintenance is still unknown. Here, we show that LOXL2 interacts with RuvB-Like 1 (RUVBL1), RuvB-Like 2 (RUVBL2), Actin-like protein 6A (ACTL6A), and DNA methyltransferase 1associated protein 1 (DMAP1), a complex involved in the incorporation of the histone variant H2A.Z. Our experiments indicate that this interaction and the active form of RUVBL2 are required to maintain LOXL2-dependent chromatin compaction. Genome-wide experiments showed that H2A.Z, RUVBL2, and H3K4ox colocalize in heterochromatin regions. In the absence of LOXL2 or RUVBL2, global levels of the heterochromatin histone mark H3K9me3 were strongly reduced, and the ATAC-seq signal in the H3K9me3 regions was increased. Finally, we observed that the interplay between these series of events is required to maintain H3K4ox-enriched heterochromatin regions, which in turn is key for maintaining the oncogenic properties of the TNBC cell line tested (MDA-MB-231).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Serra-Bardenys
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Bonanova FP Sanitaria, Consorci Mar Parc de Salut de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | | | | | - Jessica Querol
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pascual-Reguant
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Anna Sabé
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luna Martín
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gaetano Verde
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alba Millanes-Romero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Celia Jerónimo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Simonetti
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Mafalda Oliveira
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Peg
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tian V Tian
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Peiró
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Kong M, Zhou J, Kang A, Kuai Y, Xu H, Li M, Miao X, Guo Y, Fan Z, Xu Y, Li Z. Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis. Gut 2024; 73:810-824. [PMID: 38176898 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liver fibrosis is a prelude to a host of end-stage liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), switching from a quiescent state to myofibroblasts, are the major source for excessive production of extracellular matrix proteins. In the present study, we investigated the role of Suv39h1, a lysine methyltransferase, in HSC-myofibroblast transition and the implication in liver fibrosis. DESIGN HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific Suv39h1 deletion was achieved by crossbreeding the Suv39h1 f/f mice to the Lrat-Cre mice or the Postn-CreERT2 mice. Liver fibrosis was induced by CCl4 injection or bile duct ligation. RESULTS We report that Suv39h1 expression was universally upregulated during HSC-myofibroblast transition in different cell and animal models of liver fibrosis and in human cirrhotic liver tissues. Consistently, Suv39h1 knockdown blocked HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro. HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific deletion of Suv39h1 ameliorated liver fibrosis in mice. More importantly, Suv39h1 inhibition by a small-molecule compound chaetocin dampened HSC-myofibroblast transition in cell culture and mitigated liver fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, Suv39h1 bound to the promoter of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and repressed HMOX1 transcription. HMOX1 depletion blunted the effects of Suv39h1 inhibition on HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro and liver fibrosis in vivo. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HMOX1 might contribute to HSC-myofibroblast transition by modulating retinol homeostasis. Finally, myofibroblast-specific HMOX1 overexpression attenuated liver fibrosis in both a preventive scheme and a therapeutic scheme. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognised role for Suv39h1 in liver fibrosis and offer proof-of-concept of its targetability in the intervention of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjing Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of JiangnanUniversity, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoqi Kang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yameng Kuai
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulian Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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5
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He Z, Zhang H, Xiao H, Zhang X, Xu H, Sun R, Li S. Ubiquitylation of RUNX3 by RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:216. [PMID: 38424632 PMCID: PMC10905843 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer, but the early diagnosis rate is low. The RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in several cancers but its mechanism of action in LUAD is unclear. In this study, the biological activity of MEX3C was assessed in LUAD. MEX3C and RUNX3 mRNA levels in the tissues of LUAD patients were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The involvement of MEX3C in the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells was measured by EdU assay, CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell assay, TUNEL, and flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins were determined using western blotting analysis. LUAD cells transfected with si-MEX3C were administered to mice subcutaneously to monitor tumor progression and metastasis. We found that MEX3C is strongly upregulated in LUAD tissue sections, and involved in proliferation and migration. A549 and H1299 cells had significantly higher levels of MEX3C expression compared to control HBE cells. Knockdown of MEX3C dramatically decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and accelerated apoptosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate MEX3C induces ubiquitylation and degradation of tumor suppressor RUNX3. Moreover, RUNX3 transcriptionally represses Suv39H1, as revealed by RNA pull-down and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The in vivo mice model demonstrated that knockdown of MEX3C reduced LUAD growth and metastasis significantly. Collectively, we reveal a novel MEX3C-RUNX3-Suv39H1 signaling axis driving LUAD pathogenesis. Targeting MEX3C may represent a promising therapeutic strategy against LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelai He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Haibo Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272002, Shandong, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China.
| | - Ruifen Sun
- Science and Technology Division, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Kalita B, Sahu S, Bharadwaj A, Panneerselvam L, Martinez-Cebrian G, Agarwal M, Mathew SJ. The Wnt-pathway corepressor TLE3 interacts with the histone methyltransferase KMT1A to inhibit differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncogene 2024; 43:524-538. [PMID: 38177411 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells resemble differentiating skeletal muscle cells, which unlike normal muscle cells, fail to undergo terminal differentiation, underlying their proliferative and metastatic properties. We identify the corepressor TLE3 as a key regulator of rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis by inhibiting the Wnt-pathway. Loss of TLE3 function leads to Wnt-pathway activation, reduced proliferation, decreased migration, and enhanced differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Muscle-specific TLE3-knockout results in enhanced expression of terminal myogenic differentiation markers during normal mouse development. TLE3-knockout rhabdomyosarcoma cell xenografts result in significantly smaller tumors characterized by reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis and enhanced differentiation. We demonstrate that TLE3 interacts with and recruits the histone methyltransferase KMT1A, leading to repression of target gene activation and inhibition of differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma. A combination drug therapy regime to promote Wnt-pathway activation by the small molecule BIO and inhibit KMT1A by the drug chaetocin led to significantly reduced tumor volume, decreased proliferation, increased expression of differentiation markers and increased survival in rhabdomyosarcoma tumor-bearing mice. Thus, TLE3, the Wnt-pathway and KMT1A are excellent drug targets which can be exploited for treating rhabdomyosarcoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargab Kalita
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Subhashni Sahu
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Anushree Bharadwaj
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Lakshmikanthan Panneerselvam
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | | | - Megha Agarwal
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Affiliated to Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
- Affiliated to Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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7
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García de Herreros A. Dual role of Snail1 as transcriptional repressor and activator. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189037. [PMID: 38043804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Snail1 transcriptional factor plays a key role in the control of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a process that remodels tumor cells increasing their invasion and chemo-resistance as well as reprograms their metabolism and provides stemness properties. During this transition, Snail1 acts as a transcriptional repressor and, as growing evidences have demonstrated, also as a direct activator of mesenchymal genes. In this review, I describe the different proteins that interact with Snail1 and are responsible for these two different functions on gene expression; I focus on the transcriptional factors that associate to Snail1 in their target promoters, both activated and repressed. I also present working models for Snail1 action both as repressor and activator and raise some issues that still need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Suzuki T, Sakai S, Ota K, Yoshida M, Uchida C, Niida H, Suda T, Kitagawa M, Ohhata T. Expression of Tumor Suppressor FHIT Is Regulated by the LINC00173-SNAIL Axis in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17011. [PMID: 38069335 PMCID: PMC10707390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in a variety of human diseases such as cancer. Here, to elucidate a novel function of a lncRNA called LINC00173, we investigated its binding partner, target gene, and its regulatory mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma, including the A549 cell line and patients. In the A549 cell line, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays revealed that LINC00173 efficiently binds to SNAIL. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that the expression of FHIT was decreased upon LINC00173 depletion, indicating that FHIT is a target gene of LINC00173. Overexpression of SNAIL suppressed and depletion of SNAIL increased the expression of FHIT, indicating that SNAIL negatively regulates FHIT. The downregulation of FHIT expression upon LINC00173 depletion was restored by additional SNAIL depletion, revealing a LINC00173-SNAIL-FHIT axis for FHIT regulation. Data from 501 patients with lung adenocarcinoma also support the existence of a LINC00173-SNAIL-FHIT axis, as FHIT expression correlated positively with LINC00173 (p = 1.75 × 10-6) and negatively with SNAIL (p = 7.00 × 10-5). Taken together, we propose that LINC00173 positively regulates FHIT gene expression by binding to SNAIL and inhibiting its function in human lung adenocarcinoma. Thus, this study sheds light on the LINC00173-SNAIL-FHIT axis, which may be a key mechanism for carcinogenesis and progression in human lung adenocarcinoma.
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Grants
- 19H03501 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 22H02901 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 20K07569 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- NA Project Mirai Cancer Research Grants, the Princes Takamatsu Cancer Research Foundation
- NA The Smoking Research Foundation
- NA Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Grant-in-Aid
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ota
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Mika Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Chiharu Uchida
- Advanced Research Facilities & Services, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Niida
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kitagawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohhata
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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9
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Huang WL, Luo CW, Lin HS, Hung CM, Chen FM, Moi SH, Pan MR. SUV39H1 Expression as a Guideline for Omitting Radiotherapy in Lymph Node-positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:582-591. [PMID: 37889057 PMCID: PMC10614062 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The role of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) combined with chemotherapy (CT) for lymph node-positive (LN+) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains controversial. SUV39H1-mediated epigenetic regulation is associated with cancer cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This study aims to identify the role of SUV39H1 in TNBCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 498 TNBCs with SUV39H1 RNA-seq profiles were retrieved from TCGA-BRCA and analyzed; the X-tile algorithm was used to stratify the population into low, intermediate, and high SUV39H1. Furthermore, we performed an in vitro clonogenic cell survival assay using the MDA-MB-231 cell line to assess the effects of SUV39H1 on cellular responses. RESULTS The results showed that SUV39H1 was significantly higher in TNBC than normal tissue and luminal subtype breast cancer. Notably, SUV39H1 is significantly expressed in the basal-like 1 (BL1) and immunomodulatory (IM) subgroups, compared to other subtypes. Compared to patients with a low or medium expression of SUV39H1, omitting RT only worsens disease-free survival (DFS) in those with high SUV39H1 expression. The experimental results showed SUV39H1 was suppressed by si-SUV39H1, and SUV39H1 knockdown in MDA-MB-231-IV2-1 cells enhanced the cellular toxicity of doxorubicin and paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Targeting SUV39H1 may provide a potential guiding indication of omitting RT to avoid over-treatment and chemosensitivity for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Wen Luo
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huei-Shan Lin
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fang-Ming Chen
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Ren Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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10
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Chen X, Tao Z, Liang Y, Ma M, Adah D, Ding W, Chen L, Li X, Dai L, Fanuel S, Zhao S, Hu W, Wu D, Duan Z, Zhou F, Qin L, Chen X, Yang Z. Plasmodium immunotherapy combined with gemcitabine has a synergistic inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis in murine Lewis lung cancer models. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1181176. [PMID: 37916167 PMCID: PMC10618005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1181176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our previous studies have demonstrated that Plasmodium immunotherapy (infection) has antitumor effects in mice. However, as a new form of immunotherapy, this therapy has a weakness: its specific killing effect on tumor cells is relatively weak. Therefore, we tested whether Plasmodium immunotherapy combined with gemcitabine (Gem), a representative chemotherapy drug, has synergistic antitumor effects. Methods We designed subcutaneously and intravenously implanted murine Lewis lung cancer (LLC) models to test the antitumor effect of Plasmodium chabaudi ASS (Pc) infection in combination with Gem treatment and explored its underlying mechanisms. Results We found that both Pc infection alone and Gem treatment alone significantly inhibited tumor growth in the subcutaneous model, and combination therapy was more effective than either monotherapy. Monotherapy only tended to prolong the survival of tumor-bearing mice, while the combination therapy significantly extended the survival of mice, indicating a significant synergistic effect of the combination. In the mechanistic experiments, we found that the combination therapy significantly upregulated E-cadherin and downregulated Snail protein expression levels, thus inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells, which may be due to the blockade of CXCR2/TGF-β-mediated PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Conclusion The combination of Pc and Gem plays a synergistic role in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis, and prolonging mice survival in murine lung cancer models. These effects are partially attributed to the inhibition of EMT of tumor cells, which is potentially due to the blockade of CXCR2/TGF-β-mediated PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. The clinical transformation of Plasmodium immunotherapy combined with Gem for lung cancer is worthy of expectation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Meng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dickson Adah
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenting Ding
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linglin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songwe Fanuel
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Siting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Hu
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Qin
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- CAS-Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoqing Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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11
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Sample RA, Nogueira MF, Mitra RD, Puram SV. Epigenetic regulation of hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal cell states in cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:2237-2248. [PMID: 37344626 PMCID: PMC10578205 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which cells lose their epithelial characteristics and gain mesenchymal phenotypes. In cancer, EMT is thought to drive tumor invasion and metastasis. Recent efforts to understand EMT biology have uncovered that cells undergoing EMT attain a spectrum of intermediate "hybrid E/M" states, which exist along an epithelial-mesenchymal continuum. Here, we summarize recent studies characterizing the epigenetic drivers of hybrid E/M states. We focus on the histone-modification writers, erasers, and readers that assist or oppose the canonical hybrid E/M transcription factors that modulate hybrid E/M state transitions. We also examine the role of chromatin remodelers and DNA methylation in hybrid E/M states. Finally, we highlight the challenges of targeting hybrid E/M pharmacologically, and we propose future directions that might reveal the specific and targetable mechanisms by which hybrid E/M drives metastasis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reilly A Sample
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marina F Nogueira
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robi D Mitra
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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12
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Zou X, Ma L, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Xu C, Zhang D, Chu Y, Zhang J, Li M, Zhang H, Wang J, Peng C, Wei G, Wu Y, Hou Z, Jia H. GATA zinc finger protein p66β promotes breast cancer cell migration by acting as a co-activator of Snail. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:382. [PMID: 37380643 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor Snail induces EMT during embryonic development and tumor metastasis. Growing evidence indicates that Snail functions as a trans-activator to induce gene expression; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that Snail cooperates with GATA zinc finger protein p66β to transactivate genes in breast cancer cells. Biologically, depletion of p66β reduces cell migration and lung metastasis in BALB/c mice. Mechanistically, Snail interacts with p66β and cooperatively induces gene transcription. Notably, a group of genes induced by Snail harbor conserved G-rich cis-elements (5'-GGGAGG-3', designated as G-box) in their proximal promoter regions. Snail directly binds to G-box via its zinc fingers and transactivates the G-box-containing promoters. p66β enhances Snail binding affinity to G-box, whereas depletion of p66β results in a decreased binding affinity of Snail to the endogenous promoters and concomitantly reduces the transcription of Snail-induced genes. Taken together, these data demonstrated that p66β is critical for Snail-mediated cell migration by acting as a co-activator of Snail to induce genes containing G-box elements in the promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqun Zou
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Chu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chicheng Peng
- Naruiboen Biomedical Technology Corporation Limited, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong Laboratory Animal Center, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Linyi University-Shanghai Jiaotong University Joint Institute of Translational Medicine, Linyi, Shandong, China.
| | - Hao Jia
- Hongqiao Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Mat Lazim N, Yousaf A, Abusalah MAH, Sulong S, Mohd Ismail ZI, Mohamud R, Abu-Harirah HA, AlRamadneh TN, Hassan R, Abdullah B. The Epigenesis of Salivary Glands Carcinoma: From Field Cancerization to Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072111. [PMID: 37046772 PMCID: PMC10093474 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are a diverse collection of malignant tumors with marked differences in biological activity, clinical presentation and microscopic appearance. Although the etiology is varied, secondary radiation, oncogenic viruses as well as chromosomal rearrangements have all been linked to the formation of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications may also contribute to the genesis and progression of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications are any heritable changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. It is now widely accepted that epigenetics plays an important role in SGCs development. A basic epigenetic process that has been linked to a variety of pathological as well as physiological conditions including cancer formation, is DNA methylation. Transcriptional repression is caused by CpG islands hypermethylation at gene promoters, whereas hypomethylation causes overexpression of a gene. Epigenetic changes in SGCs have been identified, and they have been linked to the genesis, progression as well as prognosis of these neoplasms. Thus, we conduct a thorough evaluation of the currently known evidence on the involvement of epigenetic processes in SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafiza Mat Lazim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Anam Yousaf
- Department of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mai Abdel Haleem Abusalah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zul Izhar Mohd Ismail
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hashem A. Abu-Harirah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Tareq Nayef AlRamadneh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Baharudin Abdullah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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14
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Tanaka M, Harada H, Kimura H. The role of H3K9me3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 640:56-63. [PMID: 36502632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is often associated with alteration of epigenetic marks, including histone modifications. The global level and local distribution of specific histone modifications have been revealed to be prognostic factors in many cancers. However, the functional roles of histone modifications in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. This study investigates the levels of various histone modifications in 6 types of OSCC cell lines. We found that the level of H3K9me3 was significantly high in metastatic cell lines. In addition, the loss of H3K9me3 by SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and cell migration. Our results indicate that a high level of H3K9me3 could be a marker of metastasis and possibly a therapeutic target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan; School of Life Science and Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan; Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- School of Life Science and Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan; Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
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15
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Wistner SC, MacDonald IA, Stanley KA, Hathaway NA. Characterization of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor-Related Protein 2 Interactions with Heterochromatin. Cells 2023; 12:325. [PMID: 36672260 PMCID: PMC9856275 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of genetic information is tightly controlled by chromatin regulatory proteins, including those in the heterochromatin gene repression family. Many of these regulatory proteins work together on the chromatin substrate to precisely regulate gene expression during mammalian development, giving rise to many different tissues in higher organisms from a fixed genomic template. Here we identify and characterize the interactions of two related heterochromatin regulatory proteins, heterochromatin protein 1 alpha (HP1α) and M-phase phosphoprotein 8 (MPP8), with hepatoma-derived growth factor-related protein 2 (HRP2). We find in biochemical experiments that HRP2 copurifies and co-sediments with heterochromatin-associated proteins, including HP1α and MPP8. Using the Chromatin in vivo Assay in multiple cell types, we demonstrate that HP1α-mediated gene repression dynamics are altered by the presence of HRP2. Furthermore, the knockout of HRP2 in MDA-MB-231 cells results in significant changes to chromatin structure and stability, which alter gene expression patterns. Here, we detail a mechanism by which HRP2 contributes to epigenetic transcriptional regulation through engagement with heterochromatin-associated proteins to stabilize the chromatin landscape and influence gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Wistner
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ian A. MacDonald
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karly A. Stanley
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Hathaway
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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16
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Yang S, Chen W, Jin S, Luo G, Jing X, Liu Q, Reinach PS, Qu J, Yan D. SUV39H1 regulates corneal epithelial wound healing via H3K9me3-mediated repression of p27. EYE AND VISION 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35101125 PMCID: PMC8805298 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH) is vital for maintaining the integrity and barrier function of the cornea. Although histone modifications mediating gene expression patterns is fundamental in some other tissues, it remains unclear whether these gene regulation patterns underlie CEWH. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) plays a vital role in mediating gene silencing via histone H3 trimethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9me3). This study aims to characterize the comprehensive signature of epigenetic modifiers and determine the role of SUV39H1 in CEWH. Methods NanoString nCounter technology was used to detect the differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers during CEWH. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to reveal their involvement in this process. After knockdown of SUV39H1 with siRNA transfection, we determined the function of SUV39H1 on cell proliferation and migration in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) via MTS, EdU, and wound-healing assay, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis further confirmed the effect of SUV39H1 on the cell cycle of HCECs. Loss-of-function assays for SUV39H1 with siRNA injection or chaetocin assessed the role of SUV39H1 on CEWH in vivo. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting characterized the expression of SUV39H1 and its target genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to evaluate the distributions of H3K9me3 marks at the promoters of SUV39H1 target genes. Results We first identified 92 differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers and revealed their involvement during CEWH. SUV39H1 was confirmed to be upregulated in response to corneal injury. Its downregulation significantly inhibited HCEC proliferation and retarded in vivo CEWH. Furthermore, knockdown of SUV39H1 upregulated the p27 expression level and reduced H3K9me3 marks at p27 promoter in HCECs. In addition, p27 was remarkably downregulated with elevated H3K9me3 marks at its promoter during in vivo CEWH. Conclusions SUV39H1 plays a critical role in regulating corneal epithelial cell proliferation via H3K9me3-mediated suppression of p27 during CEWH. Our findings suggest that epigenetic modifiers such as SUV39H1 can be potential therapeutic approaches to accelerate corneal repair. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5.
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Xu R, Ruan Y, Zhang L, Gu Y, Liu M. Fraxetin suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting the TLR4/STAT3 signaling pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 45:287-294. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2141643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhu Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| | - Yingdan Ruan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| | - Yating Gu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou City, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou City, China
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18
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Saliem SS, Bede SY, Cooper PR, Abdulkareem AA, Milward MR, Abdullah BH. Pathogenesis of periodontitis - A potential role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:268-278. [PMID: 36159185 PMCID: PMC9489739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process comprising cellular and molecular events which result in cells shifting from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. Periodontitis is a destructive chronic disease of the periodontium initiated in response to a dysbiotic microbiome, and dominated by Gram-negative bacteria in the subgingival niches accompanied by an aberrant immune response in susceptible subjects. Both EMT and periodontitis share common risk factors and drivers, including Gram-negative bacteria, excess inflammatory cytokine production, smoking, oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus. In addition, periodontitis is characterized by down-regulation of key epithelial markers such as E-cadherin together with up-regulation of transcriptional factors and mesenchymal proteins, including Snail1, vimentin and N-cadherin, which also occur in the EMT program. Clinically, these phenotypic changes may be reflected by increases in microulceration of the pocket epithelial lining, granulation tissue formation, and fibrosis. Both in vitro and in vivo data now support the potential involvement of EMT as a pathogenic mechanism in periodontal diseases which may facilitate bacterial invasion into the underlying gingival tissues and propagation of inflammation. This review surveys the available literature and provides evidence linking EMT to periodontitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif S Saliem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salwan Y Bede
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ali A Abdulkareem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Michael R Milward
- ŌSchool of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, B5 7EG Birmingham, UK
| | - Bashar H Abdullah
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
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19
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Feng J, Meng X. Histone modification and histone modification-targeted anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer: Fundamentals and beyond. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946811. [PMID: 36188615 PMCID: PMC9522521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epigenetic enzymes and resultant abnormal epigenetic modifications (EMs) have been suggested to be closely related to tumor occurrence and progression. Histone modifications (HMs) can assist in maintaining genome stability, DNA repair, transcription, and chromatin modulation within breast cancer (BC) cells. In addition, HMs are reversible, dynamic processes involving the associations of different enzymes with molecular compounds. Abnormal HMs (e.g. histone methylation and histone acetylation) have been identified to be tightly related to BC occurrence and development, even though their underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. EMs are reversible, and as a result, epigenetic enzymes have aroused wide attention as anti-tumor therapeutic targets. At present, treatments to restore aberrant EMs within BC cells have entered preclinical or clinical trials. In addition, no existing studies have comprehensively analyzed aberrant HMs within BC cells; in addition, HM-targeting BC treatments remain to be further investigated. Histone and non-histone protein methylation is becoming an attractive anti-tumor epigenetic therapeutic target; such methylation-related enzyme inhibitors are under development at present. Consequently, the present work focuses on summarizing relevant studies on HMs related to BC and the possible mechanisms associated with abnormal HMs. Additionally, we also aim to analyze existing therapeutic agents together with those drugs approved and tested through pre-clinical and clinical trials, to assess their roles in HMs. Moreover, epi-drugs that target HMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors should be tested in preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of BC. Epi-drugs that target histone methylation (HMT inhibitors) and histone acetylation (HDAC inhibitors) have now entered clinical trials or are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, the review covers the difficulties in applying HM-targeting treatments in clinics and proposes feasible approaches for overcoming such difficulties and promoting their use in treating BC cases.
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20
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Zhao YB, Wei W, Lin XX, Chai YF, Jin H. The Role of Histone H3 Methylation in Acute Kidney Injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2453-2461. [PMID: 35941926 PMCID: PMC9356748 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s376673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome in which kidney function declines sharply due to various reasons. Although the morbidity and mortality of AKI are high, the mechanism of occurrence and development of AKI has not been fully elucidated, and precise prevention and treatment measures are lacking. Epigenetics is a branch of genetics that provides a new perspective to explore the pathophysiology of AKI and renal repair. A large amount of literature shows that the methylation mechanism of H3 in histones is closely related to the development of kidney diseases. The sorting out of histone H3 methylation mechanism in AKI and kidney repair can help understand the pathophysiological process of the disease more deeply. It may also provide new ideas for diagnosing and treating of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bo Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xi Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Heng Jin; Yan-Fen Chai, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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21
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Matsumiya-Matsumoto Y, Morita Y, Uzawa N. Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Salivary Glands and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144210. [PMID: 35887973 PMCID: PMC9324325 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a localized tumor that presents pleomorphic or mixed characteristics of epithelial origin and is interwoven with mucoid tissue, myxoid tissue, and chondroid masses. The literature reported that PA most often occurs in adults aged 30–60 years and is a female predilection; the exact etiology remains unclear. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the transdifferentiation of stationary epithelial cells primarily activated by a core set of transcription factors (EMT-TFs) involved in DNA repair and offers advantages under various stress conditions. Data have suggested that EMTs represent the basic principle of tissue heterogeneity in PAs, demonstrating the potential of adult epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells. It has also been reported that multiple TFs, such as TWIST and SLUG, are involved in EMT in PA and that SLUG could play an essential role in the transition from myoepithelial to mesenchymal cells. Given this background, this review aims to summarize and clarify the involvement of EMT in the development of PA, chondrocyte differentiation, and malignant transformation to contribute to the fundamental elucidation of the mechanisms underlying EMT.
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22
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Basu B, Ghosh MK. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: Shifting gears at the molecular level. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119261. [PMID: 35307468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The process of conversion of non-motile epithelial cells to their motile mesenchymal counterparts is known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a fundamental event during embryonic development, tissue repair, and for the maintenance of stemness. However, this crucial process is hijacked in cancer and becomes the means by which cancer cells acquire further malignant properties such as increased invasiveness, acquisition of stem cell-like properties, increased chemoresistance, and immune evasion ability. The switch from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype is mediated by a wide variety of effector molecules such as transcription factors, epigenetic modifiers, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifiers. Ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination are two post-translational processes that are fundamental to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) of the cell, and the shift in equilibrium between these two processes during cancer dictates the suppression or activation of different intracellular processes, including EMT. Here, we discuss the complex and dynamic relationship between components of the UPS and EMT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Basu
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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23
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Tan SYX, Zhang J, Tee WW. Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Signaling and Inflammation-Induced Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931493. [PMID: 35757000 PMCID: PMC9213816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics comprise a diverse array of reversible and dynamic modifications to the cell’s genome without implicating any DNA sequence alterations. Both the external environment surrounding the organism, as well as the internal microenvironment of cells and tissues, contribute to these epigenetic processes that play critical roles in cell fate specification and organismal development. On the other hand, dysregulation of epigenetic activities can initiate and sustain carcinogenesis, which is often augmented by inflammation. Chronic inflammation, one of the major hallmarks of cancer, stems from proinflammatory cytokines that are secreted by tumor and tumor-associated cells in the tumor microenvironment. At the same time, inflammatory signaling can establish positive and negative feedback circuits with chromatin to modulate changes in the global epigenetic landscape. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion of the interconnected crosstalk between epigenetics and inflammation, specifically how epigenetic mechanisms at different hierarchical levels of the genome control inflammatory gene transcription, which in turn enact changes within the cell’s epigenomic profile, especially in the context of inflammation-induced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Ying Xuan Tan
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jieqiong Zhang
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee-Wei Tee
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Breast Cancer Metastasis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126806. [PMID: 35743249 PMCID: PMC9224686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in most cancers. Although predicting the early stage of breast cancer before metastasis can increase the survival rate, breast cancer is often discovered or diagnosed after metastasis has occurred. In general, breast cancer has a poor prognosis because it starts as a local disease and can spread to lymph nodes or distant organs, contributing to a significant impediment in breast cancer treatment. Metastatic breast cancer cells acquire aggressive characteristics from the tumor microenvironment (TME) through several mechanisms including epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and epigenetic regulation. Therefore, understanding the nature and mechanism of breast cancer metastasis can facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis. This review discusses the mechanisms leading to metastasis and the current therapies to improve the early diagnosis and prognosis in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
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25
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Rho SB, Byun HJ, Kim BR, Lee CH. Snail Promotes Cancer Cell Proliferation via Its Interaction with the BIRC3. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:380-388. [PMID: 35711139 PMCID: PMC9252879 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Snail is implicated in tumour growth and metastasis and is up-regulated in various human tumours. Although the role of Snails in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which is particularly important in cancer metastasis, is well known, how they regulate tumour growth is poorly described. In this study, the possible molecular mechanisms of Snail in tumour growth were explored. Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3), a co-activator of cell proliferation during tumourigenesis, was identified as a Snail-binding protein via a yeast two-hybrid system. Since BIRC3 is important for cell survival, the effect of BIRC3 binding partner Snail on cell survival was investigated in ovarian cancer cell lines. Results revealed that Bax expression was activated, while the expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins were markedly decreased by small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for Snail (siSnail). siSnail, the binding partner of siBIRC3, activated the tumour suppressor function of p53 by promoting p53 protein stability. Conversely, BIRC3 could interact with Snail, for this reason, the possibility of BIRC3 involvement in EMT was investigated. BIRC3 overexpression resulted in a decreased expression of the epithelial marker and an increased expression of the mesenchymal markers. siSnail or siBIRC3 reduced the mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. These results provide evidence that Snail promotes cell proliferation by interacting with BIRC3 and that BIRC3 might be involved in EMT via binding to Snail in ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, our results suggested the novel relevance of BIRC3, the binding partner of Snail, in ovarian cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bae Rho
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Byun
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul/Goyang 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Boh-Ram Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul/Goyang 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul/Goyang 04620, Republic of Korea
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26
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Yang D, Fan L, Song Z, Fang S, Huang M, Chen P. The KMT1A/TIMP3/PI3K/AKT circuit regulates tumor growth in cervical cancer. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100644. [PMID: 35661980 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The epigenetic mechanism of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3), a well-known tumor suppressor, in cervical cancer (CC) is still unclear. Integrated GEO database, protein interaction network, and a pan-cancer analysis revealed a KMT1A/TIMP3 axis in CC. KMT1A was highly expressed, and TIMP3 was poorly expressed in CC tissues and cells. KMT1A inhibited the activity of TIMP3. Silencing of KMT1A hampered the proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastases of CC cells in vivo, and increased the apoptosis of cells. TIMP3 downregulation promoted the malignant phenotype and in vivo tumorigenesis and metastasis of CC cells. KMT1A downregulation impaired PI3K/AKT pathway in cells, while TIMP3 silencing promoted PI3K/AKT pathway activity. We propose a novel perspective that KMT1A involves in the growth and metastases via the TIMP3/PI3K/AKT axis in CC. In summary, our study identified a vital role played by KMT1A in the development of CC and the epigenetic mechanism, indicating that targeting KMT1A-related pathways could be conducive to the therapies for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degui Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Leilei Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhenkun Song
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Su Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Miaoyu Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Piji Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantian People's Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, PR China.
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27
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Xu Y, He J, Qian C, Yang C. Molecular phenotypes and clinical characterization of familial hereditary breast cancer among half and full sisters. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:145. [PMID: 35501747 PMCID: PMC9063105 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preliminary clinical observations show that contemporaneous hereditary breast cancer (CHBC) patients suffered breast cancer at an early age, which requires further analysis. Methods 38 familial hereditary breast cancer patients (18 CHBC patients and 20 non-CHBC patients) were screened out and 152 non-hereditary breast cancer patients were used as control subjects. Clinical pathologic subtypes, age, tumor location, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and molecular phenotype expression (ER, PR, HER-2, Ki-67, CK5/6, E-cad, P63, and P120) were compared across all subgroups. Results The incidence of CHBC was 9.47% (18/190) in breast cancer patients. The average ages of onset of CHBC patients, non-CHBC patients, and non-hereditary breast cancer patients were 49.06 ± 6.42, 60.75 ± 9.95 and 61.69 ± 14.34 respectively; whereas there were no significant differences with respect to pathological type or tumor location. There were significant differences in some histological grading (grade II/III), lymph node metastasis and PR expression between hereditary and non-hereditary breast cancers (P < 0.05; P < 0.05 and P < 0.005, respectively). Significantly different HER-2 expression was observed when comparing all hereditary or CHBC patients with non-hereditary breast cancers (P < 0.05 and P < 0.005, respectively). There were significant differences in E-cad and P63 between contemporaneous hereditary and non-hereditary breast cancers (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions CHBC patients accounted for 9.47% (18/190) of breast cancer patients, had earlier disease onset, and showed differences compared to non-hereditary breast cancer patients with respect to molecular phenotype and clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Chengguang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
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28
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Celik MA, Erdem H, Cankaya S, Arici YK. Differences in SUV39H1 and androgen receptor distribution in adenomyomatous hyperplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1387-1392. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_61_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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29
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Tang X, Sui X, Weng L, Liu Y. SNAIL1: Linking Tumor Metastasis to Immune Evasion. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724200. [PMID: 34917071 PMCID: PMC8669501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Snail1, a key inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. Its stability is strictly controlled by multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Increasing evidence indicates that methylation and acetylation of Snail1 also affects tumor metastasis. More importantly, Snail1 is involved in tumor immunosuppression by inducing chemokines and immunosuppressive cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, some immune checkpoints potentiate Snail1 expression, such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T cell immunoglobulin 3 (TIM-3). This mini review highlights the pathways and molecules involved in maintenance of Snail1 level and the significance of Snail1 in tumor immune evasion. Due to the crucial role of EMT in tumor metastasis and tumor immunosuppression, comprehensive understanding of Snail1 function may contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Xue Sui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Liang Weng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Gerontological Cancer Research, National Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Changsha, China.,Center for Molecular Imaging of Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yongshuo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China.,Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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30
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Mensah IK, Norvil AB, AlAbdi L, McGovern S, Petell CJ, He M, Gowher H. Misregulation of the expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases in cancer. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab045. [PMID: 34870206 PMCID: PMC8634572 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, DNA methyltransferases DNMT1 and DNMT3's (A, B and L) deposit and maintain DNA methylation in dividing and nondividing cells. Although these enzymes have an unremarkable DNA sequence specificity (CpG), their regional specificity is regulated by interactions with various protein factors, chromatin modifiers, and post-translational modifications of histones. Changes in the DNMT expression or interacting partners affect DNA methylation patterns. Consequently, the acquired gene expression may increase the proliferative potential of cells, often concomitant with loss of cell identity as found in cancer. Aberrant DNA methylation, including hypermethylation and hypomethylation at various genomic regions, therefore, is a hallmark of most cancers. Additionally, somatic mutations in DNMTs that affect catalytic activity were mapped in Acute Myeloid Leukemia cancer cells. Despite being very effective in some cancers, the clinically approved DNMT inhibitors lack specificity, which could result in a wide range of deleterious effects. Elucidating distinct molecular mechanisms of DNMTs will facilitate the discovery of alternative cancer therapeutic targets. This review is focused on: (i) the structure and characteristics of DNMTs, (ii) the prevalence of mutations and abnormal expression of DNMTs in cancer, (iii) factors that mediate their abnormal expression and (iv) the effect of anomalous DNMT-complexes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah K Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Lama AlAbdi
- Department of Zoology, Collage of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah McGovern
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Ming He
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Wang L, Chen J, Chai Y, Han W, Shen J, Li N, Lu J, Du Y, Liu Z, Yu Y, Dong J, Ou L. Targeting regulation of the tumour microenvironment induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells by an affinity hemoperfusion adsorbent. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:325-334. [PMID: 33754901 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1902337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine network of tumour microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in cancer growth and progression. The current work aims to provide a new strategy for cancer therapy based on the targeted regulation of cytokines in the TME. Here, heparin-coupled polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-H) microspheres have been developed as an adsorbent for selectively remove tumour-induced immunosuppressive cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), but not tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) which has an immune-stimulating effect and can inhibit tumour growth. The proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells after perfusion were tested by cell viability assays, flow cytometry analysis and mRNA microarray assays. Results showed that the PVA-H microspheres efficiently absorbed the majority of VEGF (74.39%) and TGF-β (86.39%), but much less TNF-α (4.16%). The regulation of the cytokines had remarkable anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on breast cancer cells, which was further confirmed from the change of mRNA expression levels. Thus, targeting regulatory pathways within the TME by an affinity adsorbent that selectively depletes immunosuppressive cytokines is potentially a new and promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yamin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunzheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yameng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingzhe Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lailiang Ou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Liao R, Chen X, Cao Q, Wang Y, Miao Z, Lei X, Jiang Q, Chen J, Wu X, Li X, Li J, Dong C. HIST1H1B Promotes Basal-Like Breast Cancer Progression by Modulating CSF2 Expression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:780094. [PMID: 34746019 PMCID: PMC8570124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is associated with a poor clinical outcome; however, the mechanism of BLBC aggressiveness is still unclear. It has been shown that a linker histone functions as either a positive or negative regulator of gene expression in tumors. Here, we aimed to investigate the possible involvement and mechanism of HIST1H1B in BLBC progression. Experimental design We analyzed multiple gene expression datasets to determine the relevance of HIST1H1B expression with BLBC. We employed quantitative real-time PCR, transwell assay, colony formation assay, and mammosphere assay to dissect the molecular events associated with the expression of HIST1H1B in human breast cancer. We studied the association of HIST1H1B with CSF2 by ChIP assay. Using tumorigenesis assays, we determine the effect of HIST1H1B expression on tumorigenicity of BLBC cells. Results Here, we show that the linker histone HIST1H1B is dramatically elevated in BLBC due to HIST1H1B copy number amplification and promoter hypomethylation. HIST1H1B upregulates colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) expression by binding the CSF2 promoter. HIST1H1B expression promotes, whereas knockdown of HIST1H1B expression suppresses tumorigenicity. In breast cancer patients, HIST1H1B expression is positively correlated with large tumor size, high grade, metastasis and poor survival. Conclusion HIST1H1B contributes to basal-like breast cancer progression by modulating CSF2 expression, indicating a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruocen Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianhua Cao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaorui Miao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Lei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianjin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuebiao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Gannan Medical University, Gannan, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- R&D Department of Hangzhou, Abcam Plc, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Liu Z, Ren Y, Meng L, Li L, Beatson R, Deng J, Zhang T, Liu J, Han X. Epigenetic Signaling of Cancer Stem Cells During Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772211. [PMID: 34722553 PMCID: PMC8554148 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors pose a great challenge to human health, which has led to many studies increasingly elucidating the tumorigenic process. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have profound impacts on tumorigenesis and development of drug resistance. Recently, there has been increased interest in the relationship between inflammation and CSCs but the mechanism underlying this relationship has not been fully elucidated. Inflammatory cytokines produced during chronic inflammation activate signaling pathways that regulate the generation of CSCs through epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the effects of inflammation on cancer stem cells, particularly the role of signaling pathways such as NF-κB pathway, STAT3 pathway and Smad pathway involved in regulating epigenetic changes. We hope to provide a novel perspective for improving strategies for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingfang Meng
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhengzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Henan Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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34
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Yang Y, Zhao B, Lv L, Yang Y, Li S, Wu H. FBXL10 promotes EMT and metastasis of breast cancer cells via regulating the acetylation and transcriptional activity of SNAI1. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:328. [PMID: 34718323 PMCID: PMC8557203 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 10 (FBXL10) has been reported to play a regulatory role in the initiation and development of breast cancer. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that FBXL10 may involve in the process of cytoskeleton organization. This research aimed to investigate the function of FBXL10 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of breast cancer, and tried to reveal the molecular mechanism involved in this issue. Functional experiments in vitro revealed that FBXL10 promoted the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through inhibiting E-cadherin expression and inducing EMT. Mechanical studies revealed that FBXL10 could specifically interact with SNAI1, but not Slug or ZEB1. And it promoted the transcriptional repression activity of SNAI1 on CDH1 in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, FBXL10 had a positive role for the deacetylation of SNAI1 by facilitating the interaction between SNAI1 and HDAC1, a dominating deacetylase of SNAI1. And the deacetylated SNAI1 showed a more suppressive ability to inhibit the transcription of E-cadherin. Moreover, mouse models were also conducted to confirm the effect of FBXL10 on the lung metastasis of breast cancer in vivo. Totally, our data revealed that FBXL10 served as a pro-metastatic factor in breast cancer via repressing the expression of E-cadherin and inducing EMT. It may provide a novel regulatory axis in the EMT of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Binggong Zhao
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Linlin Lv
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
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35
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Coronel-Hernández J, Pérez-Yépez EA, Delgado-Waldo I, Contreras-Romero C, Jacobo-Herrera N, Cantú-De León D, Pérez-Plasencia C. Aberrant Metabolism as Inductor of Epigenetic Changes in Breast Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2021; 11:676562. [PMID: 34692471 PMCID: PMC8531643 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.676562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism is arising interest in the scientific community not only because of the role it plays in the development and establishment of the tumor mass but also the possibility of drug poisoning of key enzymes overexpressed in tumor cells. Moreover, tumor metabolism provides key molecules to maintain the epigenetic changes that are also an undisputed characteristic of each tumor type. This metabolic change includes the Warburg effect and alterations in key pathways involved in glutaminolysis, pentose phosphate, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Modifications in all these pathways have consequences that impact genetics and epigenetics processes such as DNA methylation patterns, histone post-translational modifications, triggering oncogenes activation, and loss in tumor suppressor gene expression to lead the tumor establishment. In this review, we describe the metabolic rearrangement and its association with epigenetic regulation in breast cancer, as well as its implication in biological processes involved in cancer progression. A better understanding of these processes could help to find new targets for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this human health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eloy Andrés Pérez-Yépez
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Cátedra-CONACYT, Dirección de Cátedras, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Nadia Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Cantú-De León
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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36
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Singh D, Deshmukh RK, Das A. SNAI1-mediated transcriptional regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition genes in breast cancer stem cells. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110151. [PMID: 34537302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population containing both cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). These CSCs are generated through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus making it pertinent to identify the unique EMT-molecular targets that regulate this phenomenon. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we performed in silico analysis of microarray data from luminal, Her2+, and TNBC cell lines and identified 15 relatively unexplored EMT-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along with the markedly high expression of EMT-transcription factor (EMT-TF), SNAI1. Interestingly, stable overexpression of SNAI1 in MCF-7 induced the expression of DEGs along with increased migration, invasion, and in vitro tumorigenesis that was comparable to TNBCs. Next, stable SNAI1 overexpression led to increased expression of DEGs that was reverted with SNAI1 silencing in both breast cancer cells and CSCs sorted from various TNBC cell lines. Higher fold enrichment of SNAI1 on E-boxes in the promoter regions suggested a positive regulation of ALCAM, MMP2, MMP13, MMP14, VCAN, ANKRD1, KRT16, CTGF, TGFRIIβ, PROCR negative regulation of CDH1, DSP and DSC3B by SNAI1 leading to EMT. Furthermore, SNAI1-mediated increased migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis in these sorted cells led to the activation of signaling mediators, ERK1/2, STAT3, Src, and FAK. Finally, the SNAI1-mediated activation of breast CSC phenotypes was perturbed by inhibition of downstream target, MMPs using Ilomastat. CONCLUSION Thus, the molecular investigation for the gene regulatory framework in the present study identified MMPs, a downstream effector in the SNAI1-mediated EMT regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digvijay Singh
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Rohit K Deshmukh
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India.
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37
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Gao J, Liu R, Feng D, Huang W, Huo M, Zhang J, Leng S, Yang Y, Yang T, Yin X, Teng X, Yu H, Yuan B, Wang Y. Snail/PRMT5/NuRD complex contributes to DNA hypermethylation in cervical cancer by TET1 inhibition. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2818-2836. [PMID: 33953349 PMCID: PMC8408166 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological function of PRMT5 remains poorly understood in cervical cancer metastasis. Here, we report that PRMT5 physically associates with the transcription factor Snail and the NuRD(MTA1) complex to form a transcriptional-repressive complex that catalyzes the symmetrical histone dimethylation and deacetylation. This study shows that the Snail/PRMT5/NuRD(MTA1) complex targets genes, such as TET1 and E-cadherin, which are critical for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This complex also affects the conversion of 5mC to 5hmC. This study demonstrates that the Snail/PRMT5/NuRD(MTA1) complex promotes the invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. This study also shows that PRMT5 expression is upregulated in cervical cancer and various human cancers, and the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 suppresses EMT and the invasion potential of cervical cancer cells by disinhibiting the expression of TET1 and increasing 5hmC, suggesting that PRMT5 is a potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The province and ministry co-sponsored collaborative innovation center for medical epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Ruiqiong Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Dandan Feng
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The province and ministry co-sponsored collaborative innovation center for medical epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Huang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Huo
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Leng
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The province and ministry co-sponsored collaborative innovation center for medical epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The province and ministry co-sponsored collaborative innovation center for medical epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianshu Yang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yin
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Teng
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hefen Yu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baowen Yuan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The province and ministry co-sponsored collaborative innovation center for medical epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Razmara E, Bitaraf A, Karimi B, Babashah S. Functions of the SNAI family in chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1503:5-22. [PMID: 34403146 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Different cellular mechanisms contribute to osteocyte development. And while critical roles for members of the zinc finger protein SNAI family (SNAIs) have been discussed in cancer-related models, there are few reviews summarizing their importance for chondrocyte-to-osteocyte development. To help fill this gap, we review the roles of SNAIs in the development of mature osteocytes from chondrocytes, including the regulation of chondro- and osteogenesis through different signaling pathways and in programmed cell death. We also discuss how epigenetic factors-including DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and noncoding RNAs-contribute differently to both chondrocyte and osteocyte development. To better grasp the important roles of SNAIs in bone development, we also review genotype-phenotype correlations in different animal models. We end with comments about the possible importance of the SNAI family in cartilage/bone development and the potential applications for therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razmara
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amirreza Bitaraf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Karimi
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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39
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Cui H, Wang Y, Chen L, Qian M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Yang X, Chen L, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Wang J. Chemotherapeutic potency stimulated by SNAI1-knockdown based on multifaceted nanomedicine. J Control Release 2021; 337:343-355. [PMID: 34324894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular insights into tumorigenesis have uncovered intimate correlation of SNAI1 with tumor malignancy. Herein, to explore merits of SNAI1-knockdown in tumor therapy, we harnessed RNA interference tool (shSNAI1), together with chemotherapeutic doxorubicin. Owing to abundant hydroxyl groups, pullulan was attempted to be covalently conjugated with a multiple of functional moieties, including positively-charged oligoethylenimine components for electrostatic entrapment of polyanionic shSNAI1 and hydrophobic components for entrapment of lipophilic doxorubicin. Notably, the aforementioned covalent conjugations were tailored to be detachable in response to intracellular reducing microenvironment owing to redox disulfide linkage, thereby accounting for selective intracellular liberation of the therapeutic payloads. Moreover, the surface of nanomedicine was modified with hyaluronic acid, endowing not only excellent biocompatibilities but active tumor-targeting function due to its receptors (CD44) overexpressed on tumor cells. Subsequent investigations approved appreciably targeted co-delivery of shSNAI1 and doxorubicin into solid lung tumors via systemic administration and demonstrated critical contribution of SNAI1-knockdown in amplifying chemotherapeutic potencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China; School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China; Department of Gastric Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute (Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Lili Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ming Qian
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Liuwei Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiujue Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Gastric Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute (Cancer Hospital of China Medical University), Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China.
| | - Qixian Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China; School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
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40
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Weirich S, Khella MS, Jeltsch A. Structure, Activity and Function of the Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 Protein Lysine Methyltransferases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070703. [PMID: 34357075 PMCID: PMC8303541 DOI: 10.3390/life11070703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 were the first protein lysine methyltransferases that were identified more than 20 years ago. Both enzymes introduce di- and trimethylation at histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and have important roles in the maintenance of heterochromatin and gene repression. They consist of a catalytically active SET domain and a chromodomain, which binds H3K9me2/3 and has roles in enzyme targeting and regulation. The heterochromatic targeting of SUV39H enzymes is further enhanced by the interaction with HP1 proteins and repeat-associated RNA. SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 recognize an RKST motif with additional residues on both sides, mainly K4 in the case of SUV39H1 and G12 in the case of SUV39H2. Both SUV39H enzymes methylate different non-histone proteins including RAG2, DOT1L, SET8 and HupB in the case of SUV39H1 and LSD1 in the case of SUV39H2. Both enzymes are expressed in embryonic cells and have broad expression profiles in the adult body. SUV39H1 shows little tissue preference except thymus, while SUV39H2 is more highly expressed in the brain, testis and thymus. Both enzymes are connected to cancer, having oncogenic or tumor-suppressive roles depending on the tumor type. In addition, SUV39H2 has roles in the brain during early neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Weirich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Mina S. Khella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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41
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Hegde M, Joshi MB. Comprehensive analysis of regulation of DNA methyltransferase isoforms in human breast tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:937-971. [PMID: 33604794 PMCID: PMC7954751 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significant reprogramming of epigenome is widely described during pathogenesis of breast cancer. Transformation of normal cell to hyperplastic cell and to neoplastic phenotype is associated with aberrant DNA (de)methylation, which, through promoter and enhancer methylation changes, activates oncogenes and silence tumor suppressor genes in variety of tumors including breast. DNA methylation, one of the major epigenetic mechanisms is catalyzed by evolutionarily conserved isoforms namely, DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B in humans. Over the years, studies have demonstrated intricate and complex regulation of DNMT isoforms at transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. The recent findings of allosteric regulation of DNMT isoforms and regulation by other interacting chromatin modifying proteins emphasizes functional integrity and their contribution for the development of breast cancer and progression. DNMT isoforms are regulated by several intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. In the present review, we have extensively performed bioinformatics analysis of expression of DNMT isoforms along with their transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators such as transcription factors, interacting proteins, hormones, cytokines and dietary elements along with their significance during pathogenesis of breast tumors. Our review manuscript provides a comprehensive understanding of key factors regulating DNMT isoforms in breast tumor pathology and documents unsolved issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Planetarium Complex, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Planetarium Complex, Manipal, 576104, India.
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42
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Prominent Role of Histone Modifications in the Regulation of Tumor Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052778. [PMID: 33803458 PMCID: PMC7967218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor aggressiveness and progression is highly dependent on the process of metastasis, regulated by the coordinated interplay of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Metastasis involves several steps of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), anoikis resistance, intra- and extravasation, and new tissue colonization. EMT is considered as the most critical process allowing cancer cells to switch their epithelial characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties. Emerging evidence demonstrates that epigenetics mechanisms, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs participate in the widespread changes of gene expression that characterize the metastatic phenotype. At the chromatin level, active and repressive histone post-translational modifications (PTM) in association with pleiotropic transcription factors regulate pivotal genes involved in the initiation of the EMT process as well as in intravasation and anoikis resistance, playing a central role in the progression of tumors. Herein, we discuss the main epigenetic mechanisms associated with the different steps of metastatic process, focusing in particular on the prominent role of histone modifications and the modifying enzymes that mediate transcriptional regulation of genes associated with tumor progression. We further discuss the development of novel treatment strategies targeting the reversibility of histone modifications and highlight their importance in the future of cancer therapy.
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43
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Saha N, Muntean AG. Insight into the multi-faceted role of the SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188498. [PMID: 33373647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in tumorigenesis. The SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases, which include G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2, SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 deposit H3K9me1/2/3 marks at euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, catalyzed by their conserved SET domain. In cancer, this family of enzymes can be deregulated by genomic alterations and transcriptional mis-expression leading to alteration of transcriptional programs. In solid and hematological malignancies, studies have uncovered pro-oncogenic roles for several H3K9 methyltransferases and accordingly, small molecule inhibitors are being tested as potential therapies. However, emerging evidence demonstrate onco-suppressive roles for these enzymes in cancer development as well. Here, we review the role H3K9 methyltransferases play in tumorigenesis focusing on gene targets and biological pathways affected due to misregulation of these enzymes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9 methyltransferases and their influence on cancer. Finally, we describe the impact of H3K9 methylation on therapy induced resistance in carcinoma. Converging evidence point to multi-faceted roles for H3K9 methyltransferases in development and cancer that encourages a deeper understanding of these enzymes to inform novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Andrew G Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America.
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44
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Wang D, Wang Y, Wu X, Kong X, Li J, Dong C. RNF20 Is Critical for Snail-Mediated E-Cadherin Repression in Human Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:613470. [PMID: 33364200 PMCID: PMC7753216 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.613470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-cadherin, a hallmark of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is often repressed due to Snail-mediated epigenetic modification; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. There is an urgent need to understand the determinants of tumor aggressiveness and identify potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We studied the association of RNF20 with Snail and G9a by co-immunoprecipitation. We employed quantitative real-time PCR, ChIP, transwell assay, colony formation assay, and mammosphere assay to dissect the molecular events associated with the repression of E-cadherin in human breast cancer. We used a proteogenomic dataset that contains 105 breast tumor samples to determine the clinical relevance of RNF20 by Kaplan-Meier analyses. RESULTS In this study, we identified that Snail interacted with RNF20, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase responsible for monoubiquitination of H2BK120, and G9a, a methyltransferase for H3K9me2. RNF20 expression led to the inhibition of E-cadherin expression in the human breast cancer cells. Mechanically, we showed that RNF20 and H3K9m2 were enriched on the promoter of E-cadherin and knockdown of Snail reduced the enrichment of RNF20, showing a Snail-dependent manner. RNF20 expression enhanced breast cancer cell migration, invasion, tumorsphere and colony formation. Clinically, patients with high RNF20 expression had shorter overall survival. CONCLUSION RNF20 expression contributes to EMT induction and breast cancer progression through Snail-mediated epigenetic suppression of E-cadherin expression, suggesting the importance of RNF20 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuebiao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiangxing Kong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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45
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Otake S, Itoh Y, Omata C, Saitoh M, Miyazawa K. ZEB1 and oncogenic Ras constitute a regulatory switch for stimulus-dependent E-cadherin downregulation. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:205-216. [PMID: 33068045 PMCID: PMC7780036 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin, an epithelial cell-specific cell adhesion molecule, has both promoting and suppressing effects on tumor invasion and metastasis. It is often downregulated during cancer progression through gene deletion/mutation, transcriptional repression, or epigenetic silencing. We describe a novel regulatory switch to induce stimulus-dependent downregulation of mRNA encoding E-cadherin (CDH1 mRNA) in KRAS-mutated cancer cells. The regulatory switch consists of ZEB1 and oncogenic K-Ras, does not target the promoter region of CDH1, and requires an external cue to temporally downregulate E-cadherin expression. Its repressive effect is maintained as long as the external stimulus continues and is attenuated with cessation of the stimulus. Contextual external cues that turn this regulatory switch on include activation of protein kinase C or fibroblast growth factor signaling. The mode of action is distinct from that of EPCAM repression by ZEB1, which does not require an external cue. Thus, KRAS-mutated cancer cells acquire a novel mode of regulating E-cadherin expression depending on ZEB1, which could contribute to phenotypic plasticity of cancer cells during malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Otake
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yuka Itoh
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Chiho Omata
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Masao Saitoh
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.,Center for Medical Education and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Keiji Miyazawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
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46
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Sunnaghatta Nagaraja S, Raviraj R, Selvakumar I, Dharmalingam D, Ramadas N, Chellappan DR, Ponnachipudhur Chinnaswamy P, Nagarajan D. Radiation-induced H3K9 tri-methylation in E-cadherin promoter during lung EMT: in vitro and in vivo approaches using vanillin. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:540-555. [PMID: 32842802 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1814274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an important treatment regime for lung cancer, worldwide. However, radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis are the treatment-limiting toxicities among patients who have undergone radiotherapy. The epithelial cells via epithelial to mesenchymal transition [EMT] acquires mesenchymal phenotype, which ultimately leads to fibrosis. Many investigations are focussed on understanding the signalling pathways mediating in EMT, however, the role of histone methylation is less understood in radiation-induced lung EMT. In the present study, we analysed the effect of vanillin, an antioxidant, on histone methylation during radiation-induced EMT. The thoracic region of Wistar rats was irradiated with a fractionated dose of X-ray (3 Gy/day) for two weeks (total of 30 Gy). The irradiated animals were sacrificed at the 8th and 16th weeks and tissues were used for analyses. Our data showed that radiation decreased the level of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, catalase and reduced glutathione that would ultimately enhance oxidative stress in the tissues. Histopathological analysis revealed that radiation increased the infiltration of inflammatory cells to the tissue injury site. Total global histone methylation was increased upon irradiation, which was effectively prevented by vanillin administration. Vanillin enhanced E-cadherin expression and decreased the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin in the irradiated lung tissue. The ChIP-qPCR analysis suggested that snail expression in the nucleus might involve in the enrichment of suppressive marker H3K9me3 on the E-cadherin promoter. Finally, we suggested that vanillin administration decreased radiation-induced oxidative stress and EMT expression. Additionally, irradiation increased the H3K9 methylation status with nuclear translocation of snail during lung EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raghavi Raviraj
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Ilakya Selvakumar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Nirupama Ramadas
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | | | - Devipriya Nagarajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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47
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Lei Y, Chen L, Zhang G, Shan A, Ye C, Liang B, Sun J, Liao X, Zhu C, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang E, Deng L. MicroRNAs target the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to regulate epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1299-1313. [PMID: 32700744 PMCID: PMC7448411 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cancer cells lose the epithelial phenotype and gain the mesenchymal phenotype, has been verified to result in tumor migration and invasion. Numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway gives rise to EMT, which is characterized by nuclear translocation of β‑catenin and E‑cadherin suppression. Wnt/β‑catenin signaling was confirmed to be affected by microRNAs (miRNAs), several of which are down‑ or upregulated in metastatic cancer cells, indicating their complex roles in Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. In this review, we demonstrated the targets of various miRNAs in altering Wnt/β‑catenin signaling to promote or inhibit EMT, which may elucidate the underlying mechanism of EMT regulation by miRNAs and provide evidence for potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Big Data Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Enxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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48
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Ying L, Fei X, Jialun L, Jianpeng X, Jie W, Zhaolin M, Hongjia F, Huan F, Sha L, Qiuju W, Lin Y, Cuicui L, You P, Weiwei Z, Lulu W, Jiemin W, Jing L, Jing F. SETDB2 promoted breast cancer stem cell maintenance by interaction with and stabilization of ΔNp63α protein. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2180-2191. [PMID: 32549764 PMCID: PMC7294945 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.43611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB2 is involved in cell cycle dysregulation in acute leukemia and has oncogenic roles in gastric cancer. In our study, we found that SETDB2 plays essential roles in breast cancer stem cell maintenance. Depleted SETDB2 significantly decreased the breast cancer stem cell population and mammosphere formation in vitro and also inhibited breast tumor initiation and growth in vivo. Restoring SETDB2 expression rescued the defect in breast cancer stem cell maintenance. A mechanistic analysis showed that SETDB2 upregulated the transcription of the ΔNp63α downstream Hedgehog pathway gene. SETDB2 also interacted with and methylated ΔNp63α, and stabilized ΔNp63α protein. Restoring ΔNp63α expression rescued the breast cancer stem cell maintenance defect which mediated by SETDB2 knockdown. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel function of SETDB2 in cancer stem cell maintenance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Ying
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Xie Fei
- Department of clinical laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 29 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Li Jialun
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao Jianpeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Jie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mei Zhaolin
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Fan Hongjia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Huan
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Li Sha
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wu Qiuju
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Liu Cuicui
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Peng You
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Zhao Weiwei
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wang Lulu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wong Jiemin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Feng Jing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
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49
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Huang P, Liao R, Chen X, Wu X, Li X, Wang Y, Cao Q, Dong C. Nuclear translocation of PLSCR1 activates STAT1 signaling in basal-like breast cancer. Theranostics 2020; 10:4644-4658. [PMID: 32292520 PMCID: PMC7150476 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is associated with high grade, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis; however, the mechanism underlying aggressiveness of BLBC is still unclear. Emerging evidence has suggested that phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is involved in tumor progression. Here, we aimed to study the possible involvement and molecular mechanisms of PLSCR1 contributing to the aggressive behavior of BLBC. Methods: The potential functions of PLSCR1 in breast cancer cells were assessed by Western blotting, colony formation, migration and invasion, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, mammosphere formation and flow cytometry. The relationship between nuclear translocation of PLSCR1 and transactivation of STAT1 was examined by immunostaining, co-IP, ChIP, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The effect of PLSCR1 expression on BLBC cells was determined by in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis and a lung metastasis mouse model. Results: Compared to other subtypes, PLSCR1 was considerably increased in BLBC. Phosphorylation of PLSCR1 at Tyr 69/74 contributed to the nuclear translocation of this protein. PLSCR1 was enriched in the promoter region of STAT1 and enhanced STAT3 binding to the STAT1 promoter, resulting in transactivation of STAT1; STAT1 then enhanced cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties that promoted BLBC progression. The knockdown of PLSCR1 led to significant inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and lung metastasis of BLBC cells. Clinically, high PLSCR1 expression was strongly correlated with large tumor size, high grade, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and poor survival, indicating poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Conclusions: Our data show that overexpression and nuclear translocation of PLSCR1 provide tumorigenic and metastatic advantages by activating STAT1 signaling in BLBC. This study not only reveals a critical mechanism of how PLSCR1 contributes to BLBC progression, but also suggests potential prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets for this challenging disease.
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50
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Yuan S, Natesan R, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Li J, Bhanu NV, Yamazoe T, Lin JH, Merrell AJ, Sela Y, Thomas SK, Jiang Y, Plesset JB, Miller EM, Shi J, Garcia BA, Lowe SW, Asangani IA, Stanger BZ. Global Regulation of the Histone Mark H3K36me2 Underlies Epithelial Plasticity and Metastatic Progression. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:854-871. [PMID: 32188706 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial plasticity, reversible modulation of a cell's epithelial and mesenchymal features, is associated with tumor metastasis and chemoresistance, leading causes of cancer mortality. Although different master transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers have been implicated in this process in various contexts, the extent to which a unifying, generalized mechanism of transcriptional regulation underlies epithelial plasticity remains largely unknown. Here, through targeted CRISPR/Cas9 screening, we discovered two histone-modifying enzymes involved in the writing and erasing of H3K36me2 that act reciprocally to regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal identity, tumor differentiation, and metastasis. Using a lysine-to-methionine histone mutant to directly inhibit H3K36me2, we found that global modulation of the mark is a conserved mechanism underlying the mesenchymal state in various contexts. Mechanistically, regulation of H3K36me2 reprograms enhancers associated with master regulators of epithelial-to-mesenchymal state. Our results thus outline a unifying epigenome-scale mechanism by which a specific histone modification regulates cellular plasticity and metastasis in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Although epithelial plasticity contributes to cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, no strategies exist for pharmacologically inhibiting the process. Here, we show that global regulation of a specific histone mark, H3K36me2, is a universal epigenome-wide mechanism that underlies epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in carcinoma cells. These results offer a new strategy for targeting epithelial plasticity in cancer.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 747.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ramakrishnan Natesan
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Natarajan V Bhanu
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey H Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allyson J Merrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yogev Sela
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stacy K Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yanqing Jiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline B Plesset
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Junwei Shi
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York
| | - Irfan A Asangani
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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