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Lu Y, Sun Y, Zhang J, Kong M, Zhao Z, Sun B, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Chen S, Wang C, Tong Y, Wen L, Huang M, Wu F, Zhang L. The deubiquitinase USP2a promotes tumor immunosuppression by stabilizing immune checkpoint B7-H4 in lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR-activating mutants. Cancer Lett 2024; 596:217020. [PMID: 38849009 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
B7-H4 is an immune checkpoint crucial for inhibiting CD8+ T-cell activity. A clinical trial is underway to investigate B7-H4 as a potential immunotherapeutic agent. However, the regulatory mechanism of B7-H4 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) remains poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that proteasome inhibitors effectively increased B7-H4 expression, while EGFR-activating mutants promoted B7-H4 expression through the UPP. We screened B7-H4 binding proteins by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry and found that USP2a acted as a deubiquitinase of B7-H4 by removing K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains from B7-H4, leading to a reduction in B7-H4 degradation. EGFR mutants enhanced B7-H4 stability by upregulating USP2a expression. We further investigated the role of USP2a in tumor growth in vivo. Depletion of USP2a in L858R/LLC cells inhibited tumor cell proliferation, consequently suppressing tumor growth in immune-deficient nude mice by destabilizing downstream molecules such as Cyclin D1. In an immune-competent C57BL/6 mouse tumor model, USP2a abrogation facilitated infiltration of CD95+CD8+ effector T cells and hindered infiltration of Tim-3+CD8+ and LAG-3+CD8+ exhausted T cells by destabilizing B7-H4. Clinical lung adenocarcinoma samples showed a significant correlation between B7-H4 abundance and USP2a expression, indicating the contribution of the EGFR/USP2a/B7-H4 axis to tumor immunosuppression. In summary, this study elucidates the dual effects of USP2a in tumor growth by stabilizing Cyclin D1, promoting tumor cell proliferation, and stabilizing B7-H4, contributing to tumor immunosuppression. Therefore, USP2a represents a potential target for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boshu Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Zhaxin Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaomu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Tong
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangzhu Wen
- He Cheng Biotechnology Suzhou Co.Ltd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Moli Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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O’Neill CE, Sun K, Sundararaman S, Chang JC, Glynn SA. The impact of nitric oxide on HER family post-translational modification and downstream signaling in cancer. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1358850. [PMID: 38601214 PMCID: PMC11004480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1358850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family consists of four members, activated by two families of ligands. They are known for mediating cell-cell interactions in organogenesis, and their deregulation has been associated with various cancers, including breast and esophageal cancers. In particular, aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 signaling drive disease progression and result in poorer patient outcomes. Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an alternative activator of the HER family and may play a role in this aberrant activation due to its ability to induce s-nitrosation and phosphorylation of the EGFR. This review discusses the potential impact of NO on HER family activation and downstream signaling, along with its role in the efficacy of therapeutics targeting the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara E. O’Neill
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kai Sun
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Jenny C. Chang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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3
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Wang P, Zhou R, Zhou R, Feng S, Zhao L, Li W, Lin J, Rajapakse A, Lee CH, Furnari FB, Burgess AW, Gunter JH, Liu G, Ostrikov KK, Richard DJ, Simpson F, Dai X, Thompson EW. Epidermal growth factor potentiates EGFR(Y992/1173)-mediated therapeutic response of triple negative breast cancer cells to cold atmospheric plasma-activated medium. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102976. [PMID: 38052106 PMCID: PMC10746566 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) holds promise as a cancer-specific treatment that selectively kills various types of malignant cells. We used CAP-activated media (PAM) to utilize a range of the generated short- and long-lived reactive species. Specific antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing approaches showed an essential role for receptor tyrosine kinases, especially epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, in mediating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell responses to PAM. EGF also dramatically enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of PAM against TNBC cells. Site-specific phospho-EGFR analysis, signal transduction inhibitors and reconstitution of EGFR-depleted cells with EGFR-mutants confirmed the role of phospho-tyrosines 992/1173 and phospholipase C gamma signaling in up-regulating levels of reactive oxygen species above the apoptotic threshold. EGF-triggered EGFR activation enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of PAM effects on TNBC cells. The proposed approach based on the synergy of CAP and EGFR-targeted therapy may provide new opportunities to improve the clinical management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Renwu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Rusen Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Liqian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wenshao Li
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Jinyong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Aleksandra Rajapakse
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Chia-Hwa Lee
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Frank B Furnari
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Antony W Burgess
- Walter and Elisa Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Gunter
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia; Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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4
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Zhu H, Zhang H, Guo J, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Gao F. Up-regulated oxidized USP2a can increase Mdm2-p60-p53 to promote cell apoptosis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 427:113597. [PMID: 37044314 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Mdm2 promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of p53, while Mdm2-p60 can bind to p53 and reduce the Mdm2-induced p53 ubiquitination to improve its stability. USP2a can deubiquitinate and stabilize Mdm2, whether USP2a can regulate Mdm2-p60 needs to be further confirmed and elucidated. We found that oxidative stress can up-regulate USP2a at the post-transcriptional level and induce USP2a to be oxidized by forming inter-subunit disulfide bonds. The oxidized USP2a is closely related with cell apoptosis. In apoptotic cells, oxidized USP2a has enhanced protein stability and further stabilizes Mdm2-p60 through deubiquitination, and the USP2a-Mdm2-p60-p53 axis plays a role in cell apoptosis. Altogether USP2a is oxygen sensitive, oxidized USP2a exerts apoptotic effects through the Mdm2-p60-p53 axis, which provides an experimental basis for regulating p53 apoptotic signaling by targeting USP2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Function Test, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Blood Transfusion of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450053, China.
| | - Jiahui Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| | - Quanwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450007, China.
| | - Fenghou Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, China.
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5
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Shi Y, Tao M, Chen H, Ma X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Zhou X, Li J, Cui B, Qiu A, Zhuang S, Liu N. Ubiquitin-specific protease 11 promotes partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by deubiquitinating the epidermal growth factor receptor during kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2023; 103:544-564. [PMID: 36581018 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 11 (USP11) is believed to be related to tumor progression. However, few studies have reported the biological function and clinical importance of USP11 in kidney fibrosis. Here, we demonstrated USP11 was highly upregulated in the kidneys from patients with chronic kidney disease and correlated positively with fibrotic lesion but negatively with kidney function. Conditional USP11 deletion or pharmacologic inhibition with Mitoxantrone attenuated pathological lesions and improved kidney function in both hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN)- and folic acid (FA)-induced mouse models of kidney fibrosis. Mechanistically, by RNA sequencing, USP11 was found to be involved in nuclear gene transcription of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). USP11 co-immunoprecipitated and co-stained with extra-nuclear EGFR and deubiquitinated and protected EGFR from proteasome-dependent degradation. Genetic or pharmacological depletion of USP11 facilitated EGFR degradation and abated augmentation of TGF-β1 and downstream signaling. This consequently alleviated the partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition, G2/M arrest and aberrant secretome of profibrogenic and proinflammatory factors in uric acid-stimulated tubular epithelial cells. Moreover, USP11 deletion had anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory kidney effects in the murine HN and FA models. Thus, our study provides evidence supporting USP11 as a promising target for minimizing kidney fibrosis and that inhibition of USP11 has potential to be an effective strategy for patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinqing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Andong Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Vogel K, Bläske T, Nagel MK, Globisch C, Maguire S, Mattes L, Gude C, Kovermann M, Hauser K, Peter C, Isono E. Lipid-mediated activation of plasma membrane-localized deubiquitylating enzymes modulate endosomal trafficking. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6897. [PMID: 36371501 PMCID: PMC9653390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundance of plasma membrane-resident receptors and transporters has to be tightly regulated by ubiquitin-mediated endosomal degradation for the proper coordination of environmental stimuli and intracellular signaling. Arabidopsis OVARIAN TUMOR PROTEASE (OTU) 11 and OTU12 are plasma membrane-localized deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) that bind to phospholipids through a polybasic motif in the OTU domain. Here we show that the DUB activity of OTU11 and OTU12 towards K63-linked ubiquitin is stimulated by binding to lipid membranes containing anionic lipids. In addition, we show that the DUB activity of OTU11 against K6- and K11-linkages is also stimulated by anionic lipids, and that OTU11 and OTU12 can modulate the endosomal degradation of a model cargo and the auxin efflux transporter PIN2-GFP in vivo. Our results suggest that the catalytic activity of OTU11 and OTU12 is tightly connected to their ability to bind membranes and that OTU11 and OTU12 are involved in the fine-tuning of plasma membrane proteins in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Vogel
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bläske
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin Nagel
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christoph Globisch
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Shane Maguire
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lorenz Mattes
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christian Gude
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Michael Kovermann
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699NMR, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karin Hauser
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christine Peter
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Erika Isono
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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Xiao W, Wang J, Wang X, Cai S, Guo Y, Ye L, Li D, Hu A, Jin S, Yuan B, Zhou Y, Li Q, Tong Q, Zheng L. Therapeutic targeting of the USP2-E2F4 axis inhibits autophagic machinery essential for zinc homeostasis in cancer progression. Autophagy 2022; 18:2615-2635. [PMID: 35253629 PMCID: PMC9629121 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2044651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved cellular process associated with tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, while mechanisms regulating expression of autophagic machinery genes in cancers still remain elusive. Herein, we identified E2F4 (E2F transcription factor 4) as a novel transcriptional activator of cytoprotective autophagy crucial for zinc homeostasis in cancer cells. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that E2F4 promoted autophagy in a cell cycle-dependent manner, resulting in facilitated degradation of MT (metallothionein) proteins, elevated distribution of Zn2+ within autophagosomes, decreased labile intracellular zinc ions, and increased growth, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, E2F4 directly regulated the transcription of ATG2A (autophagy related 2A) and ULK2 (unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 2), leading to autophagic degradation of MT1E, MT1M, and MT1X, while USP2 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 2) stabilized E2F4 protein to induce its transactivation via physical interaction and deubiquitination in cancer cells. Rescue experiments revealed that USP2 harbored oncogenic properties via E2F4-facilitated autophagy and zinc homeostasis. Emetine, a small chemical inhibitor of autophagy, was able to block interaction between UPS2 and E2F4, increase labile intracellular zinc ions, and suppress tumorigenesis and aggressiveness. In clinical gastric cancer specimens, both USP2 and E2F4 were upregulated and associated with poor outcome of patients. These findings indicate that therapeutic targeting of the USP2-E2F4 axis inhibits autophagic machinery essential for zinc homeostasis in cancer progression.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ANOVA: analysis of variance; ATG2A: autophagy related 2A; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BECN1: beclin 1; BiFC: bimolecular fluorescence complementation; CCND1: cyclin D1; CDK: cyclin dependent kinase; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation; CHX: cycloheximide; Co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; E2F4: E2F transcription factor 4; eATP: extracellular adenosine triphosphate; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; FP: first progression; FRET: fluorescence resonance energy transfer; FUCCI: fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GST: glutathione S-transferase; HA: hemagglutinin; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MDM2: MDM2 proto-oncogene; MKI67/Ki-67: marker of proliferation Ki-67; MT: metallothionein; MT1E: metallothionein 1E; MT1M: metallothionein 1M; MT1X: metallothionein 1X; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethyltriazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; OS: overall survival; PECAM1/CD31: platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; qPCR: quantitative PCR; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; UBXN1: UBX domain protein 1; Ub: ubiquitin; ULK2: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 2; USP14: ubiquitin specific peptidase 14; USP2: ubiquitin specific peptidase 2; USP5: ubiquitin specific peptidase 5; USP7: ubiquitin specific peptidase 7; ZnCl2: zinc chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianqun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanhua Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Anpei Hu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shikai Jin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Boling Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qilan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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8
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Zhu M, Wang H, Ding Y, Yang Y, Xu Z, Shi L, Zhang N. Ribonucleotide reductase holoenzyme inhibitor COH29 interacts with deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 2 and downregulates its substrate protein cyclin D1. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22329. [PMID: 35476303 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101914rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
USP2 contributes to the quality control of multiple oncogenic proteins including cyclin D1, Mdm2, Aurora-A, etc., and it is a potential target for anti-cancer drug development. However, currently only a few inhibitors with moderate inhibition activities against USP2 have been discovered. USP2-targeted active compounds with either new scaffolds or enhanced activities are in need. Here in this study, Ub-AMC hydrolysis assay-based screening against ~4000 commercially available drugs and drug candidates was performed to identify USP2-targeted inhibitors. COH29, which was originally developed as an anti-cancer agent by blocking the function of human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR, IC50 = 16 µM), was found to exhibit an inhibition activity against USP2 with the IC50 value at 2.02 ± 0.16 µM. The following conducted biophysical and biochemical experiments demonstrated that COH29 could specifically interact with USP2 and inhibit its enzymatic activity in a noncompetitive inhibition mode (Ki = 1.73 ± 0.14 µM). Since COH29 shows similar inhibitory potencies against RNR (RRM2) and USP2, USP2 inhibition-dependent cellular consequences of COH29 are expected. The results of cellular assays confirmed that the application of COH29 could downregulate the level of cyclin D1 by enhancing its degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and the modulation effect of COH29 on cyclin D1 is independent of RRM2. Since cyclin D1 acts as an oncogenic driver in human cancer, our findings suggest that USP2 might be a promising therapeutic target for cyclin D1-addicted cancers, and COH29 could serve as a starting compound for high selectivity inhibitor development against USP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhu
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiluan Ding
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Xu
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shi
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Ramírez Moreno M, Bulgakova NA. The Cross-Talk Between EGFR and E-Cadherin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:828673. [PMID: 35127732 PMCID: PMC8811214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.828673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and adhesion protein E-cadherin are major regulators of proliferation and differentiation in epithelial cells. Consistently, defects in both EGFR and E-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion are linked to various malignancies. These defects in either are further exacerbated by the reciprocal interactions between the two transmembrane proteins. On the one hand, EGFR can destabilize E-cadherin adhesion by increasing E-cadherin endocytosis, modifying its interactions with cytoskeleton and decreasing its expression, thus promoting tumorigenesis. On the other hand, E-cadherin regulates EGFR localization and tunes its activity. As a result, loss and mutations of E-cadherin promote cancer cell invasion due to uncontrolled activation of EGFR, which displays enhanced surface motility and changes in endocytosis. In this minireview, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the cross-talk between E-cadherin and EGFR, highlighting emerging evidence for the role of endocytosis in this feedback, as well as its relevance to tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis and cancer progression.
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10
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Cheng CP, Liu ST, Chiu YL, Huang SM, Ho CL. The Inhibitory Effects of 6-Thioguanine and 6-Mercaptopurine on the USP2a Target Fatty Acid Synthase in Human Submaxillary Carcinoma Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:749661. [PMID: 34956872 PMCID: PMC8702617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.749661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the deubiquitinase USP2a leads to stabilization of fatty acid synthase (FAS), the levels of which are often elevated in aggressive human cancers. Consequently, there is an urgent need for inhibitors to suppress the deubiquitination activity of USP2a so as to upregulate FAS protein degradation. We first analyzed the relationship between the expression level of USP2a and survival using The Cancer Genome Atlas Head-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSC) data collection. Our results suggested survival rates were lower among HNSC patients expressing higher levels of USP2a. We then investigated two thiopurine drugs, 6-thioguanine (6-TG) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), to determine whether they could potentially serve as inhibitors of USP2a. Western blot analysis showed that levels of two USP2a target proteins, FAS and Mdm2, were dose-dependently decreased in A253 submaxillary carcinoma cells treated with 6-TG or 6‐MP. Responding to the degradation of Mdm2, levels of p53 were increased. We found that 6-TG and 6-MP also suppressed levels of both USP2a mRNA and protein, suggesting these two thiopurines do not act solely through direct inhibition of USP2a. The effects of 6-TG and 6-MP were not cell type-specific, as they elicited similar decreases in FAS protein in leukemia, prostate and cervical cancer cell lines. 6-TG and 6-MP had effects on several cell cycle proteins, including another USP2a target protein, cyclin D1. The populations of cells in subG1 and S phase were increased by 6-TG and 6-MP, which was accompanied by reductions in G1 phase cells. In untreated cells, USP2a transfection increased FAS and cyclin D1 levels compared to an enzyme-dead USP2a C276A mutant, which lacked deubiquitinating activity. However, USP2a transfection failed to reverse the suppressive effects of 6‐TG and 6-MP on FAS levels. In summary, these findings suggest 6-TG and 6-MP reduce the stability of some USP2a targets, including FAS and Mdm2, by inhibiting USP2a-catalyzed deubiquitination in some cancer cells. Our work also provides repurposing evidence supporting 6‐TG and 6-MP as target therapeutic drugs, such as USP2a/FAS in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Pei Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Ho
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
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11
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Nadolny C, Zhang X, Chen Q, Hashmi SF, Ali W, Hemme C, Ahsan N, Chen Y, Deng R. Dysregulation and activities of ubiquitin specific peptidase 2b in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4746-4767. [PMID: 34765291 PMCID: PMC8569343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific peptidase-2 (USP2) plays important roles in a myriad of cellular activities through deubiquitinating target proteins and its implications in various diseases, especially cancers, are starting to emerge. Our current understanding on USP2 expression in subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its roles in the pathogenesis of HCC is limited. In this study, we found that USP2 protein and mRNA levels were significantly dysregulated in HCC tumor (HCC-T) when compared to adjacent non-tumor (HCC-NT) or normal liver tissues from both human and mouse HCC model. Among the USP2 isoforms, USP2b was the predominant isoform in the normal liver and markedly down-regulated in HCC-T tissues in both human and mice. Data from overexpression, chemical inhibition and knockout studies consistently demonstrated that USP2b promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and wound healing in HepG2 and Huh 7 cells. On the other hand, USP2b exhibited proapoptotic and pronecrtotic activities through enhancing bile acid-induced apoptosis and necrosis in both HepG2 and Huh 7 cells. Unbiased proteomic analysis of USP2-knockout (KO) and parental HepG2 cells resulted in identification of USP2-regulated downstream target proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis, including serine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1). In conclusion, USP2b expression was dysregulated in subjects with HCC and contributed to the pathogenesis of HCC by promoting cell proliferation and exerting proapoptotic and pronecrotic activities. The findings provide the molecular basis for developing therapies for HCC through modulating USP2b expression or activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nadolny
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Xinmu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Syed F Hashmi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Winifer Ali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Christopher Hemme
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core Facility, Rhode Island HospitalProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ruitang Deng
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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12
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FBXL2 counteracts Grp94 to destabilize EGFR and inhibit EGFR-driven NSCLC growth. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5919. [PMID: 34635651 PMCID: PMC8505509 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drives non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. EGFR mutations-mediated resistance to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is a major hurdle for NSCLC treatment. Here, we show that F-box protein FBXL2 targets EGFR and EGFR TKI-resistant mutants for proteasome-mediated degradation, resulting in suppression of EGFR-driven NSCLC growth. Reduced FBXL2 expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, we show that glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94) protects EGFR from degradation via blockage of FBXL2 binding to EGFR. Moreover, we have identified nebivolol, a clinically used small molecule inhibitor, that can upregulate FBXL2 expression to inhibit EGFR-driven NSCLC growth. Nebivolol in combination with osimertinib or Grp94-inhibitor-1 exhibits strong inhibitory effects on osimertinib-resistant NSCLC. Together, this study demonstrates that the FBXL2-Grp94-EGFR axis plays a critical role in NSCLC development and suggests that targeting FBXL2-Grp94 to destabilize EGFR may represent a putative therapeutic strategy for TKI-resistant NSCLC. Aberrant EGFR activation is commonly found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here the authors show that E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL2 targets EGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant mutants for proteasome-mediated degradation to inhibit EGFR-driven NSCLC growth and TKI resistance.
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13
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Giron P, Eggermont C, Noeparast A, Vandenplas H, Teugels E, Forsyth R, De Wever O, Aza‐Blanc P, Gutierrez GJ, De Grève J. Targeting USP13-mediated drug tolerance increases the efficacy of EGFR inhibition of mutant EGFR in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2579-2593. [PMID: 33210294 PMCID: PMC8048518 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) induce sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Despite impressive clinical responses, patients ultimately relapse as a reservoir of drug-tolerant cells persist, which ultimately leads to acquired resistance mechanisms. We performed an unbiased high-throughput siRNA screen to identify proteins that abrogate the response of EGFR-mutant NSCLC to EGFR-targeted therapy. The deubiquitinase USP13 was a top hit resulting from this screen. Targeting USP13 increases the sensitivity to EGFR inhibition with small molecules in vitro and in vivo. USP13 selectively stabilizes mutant EGFR in a peptidase-independent manner by counteracting the action of members of the Cbl family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. We conclude that USP13 is a strong mutant EGFR-specific cotarget that could improve the treatment efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Giron
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering SciencesVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Center of Medical GeneticsUZ BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Carolien Eggermont
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering SciencesVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Amir Noeparast
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Hugo Vandenplas
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Erik Teugels
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Ramses Forsyth
- Laboratory of Anatomical and Experimental PathologyUZ BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Pedro Aza‐Blanc
- Sanford‐Burnham‐Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Gustavo J. Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering SciencesVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Jacques De Grève
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology; Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Center of Medical GeneticsUZ BrusselBrusselsBelgium
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14
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Xiong B, Huang J, Liu Y, Zou M, Zhao Z, Gong J, Wu X, Qiu C. Ubiquitin-specific protease 2a promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via deubiquitination and stabilization of RAB1A. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:329-343. [PMID: 33074477 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Deubiquitination, the inverse process of ubiquitination, is catalyzed by deubiquitinases (DUBs) that remove ubiquitin from target proteins and subsequently prevent their degradation by proteasomes. Previously, deubiquitination has been found to be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. As yet, however, little is known about the exact role of deubiquitination in the development and/or progression of this type of cancer. METHODS HCC tissues and tissue microarrays were used to detect expression of the DUB ubiquitin-specific protease 2a (USP2a). The critical role of USP2a in HCC development and progression was assessed in both in vitro cell and in vivo animal models. LC-MS/MS analyses were performed to identify potential targets of USP2a in HCC cells, after which regulation of target protein stability and ubiquitin status by USP2a were investigated. RESULTS We found that USP2a was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, and that a high expression was positively associated with a poor prognosis. Subsequently, we found that USP2a silencing resulted in inhibition of HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas exogenous USP2a overexpression resulted in the opposite effects, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that RAB1A, a key regulator of the ER and Golgi vesicular transport system, serves as a potential target of USP2a in HCC cells. In addition, we found that USP2a can deubiquitinate and stabilize RAB1A and prevent its degradation, and that this process is required for inducing HCC progression by USP2a. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that USP2a can promote HCC progression via deubiquitination and stabilization of RAB1A. This observation indicates that DUB targeting may serve as a novel approach to improve the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth people's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Kitamura H, Hashimoto M. USP2-Related Cellular Signaling and Consequent Pathophysiological Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1209. [PMID: 33530560 PMCID: PMC7865608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific protease (USP) 2 is a multifunctional deubiquitinating enzyme. USP2 modulates cell cycle progression, and therefore carcinogenesis, via the deubiquitination of cyclins and Aurora-A. Other tumorigenic molecules, including epidermal growth factor and fatty acid synthase, are also targets for USP2. USP2 additionally prevents p53 signaling. On the other hand, USP2 functions as a key component of the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex and participates in rhythmic gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and liver. USP2 variants influence energy metabolism by controlling hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic cholesterol uptake, adipose tissue inflammation, and subsequent systemic insulin sensitivity. USP2 also has the potential to promote surface expression of ion channels in renal and intestinal epithelial cells. In addition to modifying the production of cytokines in immune cells, USP2 also modulates the signaling molecules that are involved in cytokine signaling in the target cells. Usp2 knockout mice exhibit changes in locomotion and male fertility, which suggest roles for USP2 in the central nervous system and male genital tract, respectively. In this review, we summarize the cellular events with USP2 contributions and list the signaling molecules that are upstream or downstream of USP2. Additionally, we describe phenotypic differences found in the in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kitamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
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16
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USP25 Regulates EGFR Fate by Modulating EGF-Induced Ubiquitylation Dynamics. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111548. [PMID: 33202887 PMCID: PMC7696865 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is a key feature in different stages of oncogenesis. One important mechanism whereby cancer cells achieve increased and uncontrolled EGFR signaling is escaping down-modulation of the receptor. Ubiquitylation of the EGFR plays a decisive role in this process, as it regulates receptor internalization, trafficking and degradation. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) may oppose the ubiquitylation process, antagonizing or even promoting receptor degradation. Here, we use qualitative and quantitative assays to measure EGFR internalization and degradation after Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 25 (USP25) depletion. We show that, by acting at the early steps of EGFR internalization, USP25 restrains the degradation of the EGFR by assisting in the association of the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl with EGFR, thereby modulating the amplitude of ubiquitylation on the receptor. This study establishes USP25 as a negative regulator of the EGFR down-modulation process and suggests that it is a promising target for pharmacological intervention to hamper oncogenic growth signals in tumors that depend on the EGFR.
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17
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Overexpression of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 2 (USP2) in the Heart Suppressed Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodeling. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:4121750. [PMID: 32963492 PMCID: PMC7492881 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) is an important member of the deubiquitination system. GEO dataset revealed that USP2 was downregulated in the hearts under pressure overload. However, the cardiomyocyte-specific function of USP2 in the setting of pressure overload is unknown. In the current study, a mouse model of pressure overload was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC, 2 weeks). Overexpression of USP2 in the heart was conducted by AAV9 infection. Changes in heart histology were detected by Masson's trichrome staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E). Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. The size of cardiomyocytes was examined by wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining. Cardiac oxidative stress was detected by dihydroethidine staining. Our results showed that USP2 was downregulated in the cardiomyocytes following 2 weeks of TAC. Overexpression of cardiac USP2 preserved ventricular function following 2 weeks of TAC. Overexpression of cardiac USP2 inhibited TAC-induced cardiac remodeling, by suppressing cardiac hypertrophy, inhibiting inflammatory responses and fibrosis, and attenuating oxidative stress. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of USP2 in regulating pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling.
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18
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Antao AM, Tyagi A, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. Advances in Deubiquitinating Enzyme Inhibition and Applications in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1579. [PMID: 32549302 PMCID: PMC7352412 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), the roles of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been widely elucidated. The ubiquitination of proteins regulates many aspects of cellular functions such as protein degradation and localization, and also modifies protein-protein interactions. DUBs cleave the attached ubiquitin moieties from substrates and thereby reverse the process of ubiquitination. The dysregulation of these two paramount pathways has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer. Attempts are being made to identify inhibitors of ubiquitin E3 ligases and DUBs that potentially have clinical implications in cancer, making them an important target in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, studies in medicine are currently focused on the pharmacological disruption of DUB activity as a rationale to specifically target cancer-causing protein aberrations. Here, we briefly discuss the pathophysiological and physiological roles of DUBs in key cancer-related pathways. We also discuss the clinical applications of promising DUB inhibitors that may contribute to the development of DUBs as key therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley Mike Antao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Apoorvi Tyagi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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19
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The deubiquitylase USP2 maintains ErbB2 abundance via counteracting endocytic degradation and represents a therapeutic target in ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2710-2725. [PMID: 32327714 PMCID: PMC7429833 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbB2 overexpression identifies a subclass of breast cancer as ErbB2-positive that is frequently associated with poor prognosis. Current ErbB2-targeted therapies have profoundly improved patient outcomes, but mutations occurring in ErbB2 have been shown to confer drug resistance. Induction of ErbB2 degradation was proposed as an intriguing strategy to battle with ErbB2-positive breast cancer and reduced mutation-incurred drug resistance. Although multiple HSP90 inhibitors have been demonstrated to effectively trigger ErbB2 degradation, none succeeded in the clinical evaluations. To develop novel ErbB2-targeting strategies, we investigated the endocytic degradation and reversible ubiquitylation of ErbB2 in breast cancer. In this study, we reveal that HSP90 inhibition leads to efficient ubiquitylation and endocytic degradation of ErbB2 through the canonical endo-lysosomal route. USP2 associates with internalized ErbB2 and prevents its lysosomal sorting and degradation via exerting deubiquitylase activity. Accordingly, the USP2 inhibitor ML364 is capable of inducing ErbB2 ubiquitylation and accelerating its turnover. ML364 potentiates the pro-degradation effects of HSP90 inhibitors on ErbB2 and hence sensitizes ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells to HSP90 inhibition. The combination of USP2 and HSP90 inhibitors effectively restrains ErbB2-positive breast cancer xenograft growth in vivo. Based on these observations, we conclude that USP2 safeguards ErbB2 surface levels by antagonizing its ubiquitylation-mediated endocytic degradation, which can be exploited to design novel therapeutic strategies against ErbB2-driven malignancies as combinatorial treatment with HSP90 inhibitors.
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20
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Meng X, Xiong Z, Xiao W, Yuan C, Wang C, Huang Y, Tong J, Shi J, Chen Z, Liu C, Xie K, Xiong H, Chen K, Yang H, Zhang X. Downregulation of ubiquitin-specific protease 2 possesses prognostic and diagnostic value and promotes the clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:319. [PMID: 32355763 PMCID: PMC7186618 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), characterized by high mortality, invasion, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance, is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system. A clear understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and its role during tumorigenesis of RCC can contribute to development of prognostic and targeted therapies. Methods We analyzed datasets from the public database, TCGA, Oncomine, for differential expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2), and further investigated its relationship with the clinical stage, pathological grade and prognosis of renal cancer. We used real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis to validate USP2 expression in clinical samples and renal cancer cell lines. Finally, we used CCK-8 and transwell assays to determine its effects on biological functions in cells. Results We observed significantly lower levels of USP2 mRNA in renal cancer, relative to normal, tissues across the four datasets from the Oncomine database (P<0.001), 533 cases from TCGA database (P<0.0001) and 30 pairs of clinical samples (P<0.0001). Similarly, a decreased USP2 protein expression in ccRCC was detected following immunohistochemical (IHC) and western blot analyses. Furthermore, the aberrant expression of USP2 resulted in significant relationship with clinical stage, pathological grade and lower USP2 mRNA expression was interrelated to poor prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. USP2 acted as an independent factor for ccRCC diagnosis, with an AUC of 0.8888 (95% CI: 0.8529 to 0.9246; P<0.0001). Exogenous restoration of USP2 in ccRCC cells resulted in repression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusions Overall, these results show that USP2 acts as an anti-oncogene and an independent factor for ccRCC prognosis. Positive modulation of USP2 might lead to development of a novel strategy for ccRCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangui Meng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Changfei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Junwei Tong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kairu Xie
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hailong Xiong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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21
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Fan Q, Wang Q, Cai R, Yuan H, Xu M. The ubiquitin system: orchestrating cellular signals in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:1. [PMID: 31988639 PMCID: PMC6966813 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin system, known as a common feature in eukaryotes, participates in multiple cellular processes, such as signal transduction, cell-cycle progression, receptor trafficking and endocytosis, and even the immune response. In lung cancer, evidence has revealed that aberrant events in ubiquitin-mediated processes can cause a variety of pathological outcomes including tumorigenesis and metastasis. Likewise, ubiquitination on the core components contributing to the activity of cell signaling controls bio-signal turnover and cell final destination. Given this, inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin system have been developed for lung cancer therapies and have shown great prospects for clinical application. However, the exact biological effects and physiological role of the drugs used in lung cancer therapies are still not clearly elucidated, which might seriously impede the progress of treatment. In this work, we summarize current research advances in cell signal regulation processes mediated through the ubiquitin system during the development of lung cancer, with the hope of improving the therapeutic effects by means of aiming at efficient targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fan
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China.,2Department of General Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Cai
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China.,2Department of General Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihua Yuan
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
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22
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Wang D, Zhao J, Li S, Wei J, Nan L, Mallampalli RK, Weathington NM, Ma H, Zhao Y. Phosphorylated E2F1 is stabilized by nuclear USP11 to drive Peg10 gene expression and activate lung epithelial cells. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 10:60-73. [PMID: 28992046 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation affects ubiquitination, stability, and activity of transcriptional factors, thus regulating various cellular functions. E2F transcriptional factor 1 (E2F1) regulates paternally expressed imprinted gene 10 (Peg10) expression, thereby promoting cell proliferation. However, the effect of E2F1 stability on Peg10 expression and the molecular regulation of E2F1 stability by its phosphorylation have not been well demonstrated. Here, we describe a new pathway in which phosphorylation of E2F1 by GSK3β increases E2F1 association with the deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 11 (USP11), which removes K63-linked ubiquitin chains thereby preventing E2F1 degradation in the nuclei. Downregulation of USP11 increases E2F1 ubiquitination and reduces E2F1 stability and protein levels, thereby decreasing Peg10 mRNA levels. Physiologically, USP11 depletion suppresses cell proliferation and wound healing in lung epithelial cells, and these effects are reversed by E2F1 and PEG10 overexpression. Thus, our study reveals a new molecular model that phosphorylation promotes substrate stability through increasing its association with a deubiquitinating enzyme. The data suggest that GSK3β and USP11 act in concert to modulate E2F1 abundance and PEG10 expression in lung epithelial cells to affect cell wound healing. This study provides new therapeutic targets to lessen lung injury by improving lung epithelial cell repair and remodeling after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianxin Wei
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Ling Nan
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence and Vascular Medical Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Nathaniel M Weathington
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence and Vascular Medical Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence and Vascular Medical Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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23
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Farmahin R, Gannon AM, Gagné R, Rowan-Carroll A, Kuo B, Williams A, Curran I, Yauk CL. Hepatic transcriptional dose-response analysis of male and female Fischer rats exposed to hexabromocyclododecane. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 133:110262. [PMID: 30594549 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant found in the environment and human tissues. The toxicological effects of HBCD exposure are not clearly understood. We employed whole-genome RNA-sequencing on liver samples from male and female Fischer rats exposed to 0, 250, 1250, and 5000 mg technical mixture of HBCD/kg diet for 28 days to gain further insight into HBCD toxicity. HBCD altered 428 and 250 gene transcripts in males and females, respectively, which were involved in metabolism of xenobiotics, oxidative stress, immune response, metabolism of glucose and lipids, circadian regulation, cell cycle, fibrotic activity, and hormonal balance. Signature analysis supported that HBCD operates through the constitutive androstane and pregnane X receptors. The median transcriptomic benchmark dose (BMD) for the lowest statistically significant pathway was within 1.5-fold of the BMD for increased liver weight, while the BMD for the lowest pathway with at least three modeled genes (minimum 5% of pathway) was similar to the lowest apical endpoint BMD. The results show how transcriptional analyses can inform mechanisms underlying chemical toxicity and the doses at which potentially adverse effects occur. This experiment is part of a larger study exploring the use of toxicogenomics and high-throughput screening for human health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Farmahin
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Anne Marie Gannon
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Rémi Gagné
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrea Rowan-Carroll
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Byron Kuo
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ivan Curran
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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24
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Oo HZ, Seiler R, Black PC, Daugaard M. Post-translational modifications in bladder cancer: Expanding the tumor target repertoire. Urol Oncol 2018; 38:858-866. [PMID: 30342880 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, genomic and transcriptomic analyses have uncovered promising tumor antigens including immunotherapeutic targets in bladder cancer (BCa). Conventional tumor antigens are proteins expressed on the plasma membrane of tumor cells such as EGFR, FGFR3, and ERBB2 in BCa, which can be targeted by antibodies or similar epitope-specific binding reagents. The cellular proteome consists of ∼100,000 proteins but the expression of these proteins is rarely unique to tumor cells. Many tumor-associated proteins are post-translationally modified with phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, or SUMOylation moieties. Although these modifications expand the complexity, they potentially offer novel targeting opportunities across tumor sub-populations. Experimental targeting of cancer-specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) has shown encouraging results in pre-clinical models of BCa, which could potentially overcome issues with inherent intra-tumor heterogeneity due to simultaneous expression on different proteins. Here, we review current knowledge on post-translational modifications in BCa and highlight recent efforts in experimental targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Roland Seiler
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Urology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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25
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Kim J, Alavi Naini F, Sun Y, Ma L. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 2a (USP2a) deubiquitinates and stabilizes β-catenin. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1823-1836. [PMID: 30323974 PMCID: PMC6176183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
β-catenin is not only a key component of adherens junctions but also a transcriptional co-activator downstream of canonical Wnt signaling. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays critical roles in animal development and tissue homeostasis, while mutation or overexpression of β-catenin often leads to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Ubiquitination-mediated proteasomal degradation of β-catenin is a key molecular event in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Because deubiquitination of β-catenin can stabilize β-catenin and activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, targeting the β-catenin deubiquitinase may provide a strategy for treating β-catenin-driven cancers. Here, by screening a human deubiquitinase library, we identified USP2a as a deubiquitinase that binds, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes β-catenin protein. USP2a promotes the nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity of β-catenin, leading to elevated expression of Wnt/β-catenin target genes. Importantly, either genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of USP2a leads to β-catenin destabilization. These findings suggest that USP2a may serve as a therapeutic target for targeting the cancer-promoting protein β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongchan Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Fatemeh Alavi Naini
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas 77030, USA
- Houston Baptist UniversityHouston, Texas 77074, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHouston, Texas 77030, USA
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26
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Zhang H, Han B, Lu H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Meng Q, Cao M, Cai L, Hu J. USP22 promotes resistance to EGFR-TKIs by preventing ubiquitination-mediated EGFR degradation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 433:186-198. [PMID: 29981430 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
As a newly discovered deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) is predictive of therapeutic outcomes in individual cancer patients. However, its clinical effects on malignancy and its roles in conferring resistance to EGFR-TKIs (epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors) in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that USP22 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and contributes to resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR mutant lung ADC cells. Mechanistically, USP22 deubiquitinates EGFR localized on late endosomes, prevents ubiquitination mediated EGFR degradation and enhances recycling of EGFR after EGF stimulation. Additionally, USP22 sustained the activation of multiple EGFR downstream signaling pathways, including STAT3, AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways, in lung ADC cell lines H1975 and PC9. Furthermore, USP22 stabilizes EGFR protein expression, which correlates with USP22 expression in EGFR-mutant lung ADC patient samples. We are the first to demonstrate that silencing USP22 counteracts EGFR-TKIs resistance both in vitro and in vivo. We propose USP22 as a potential therapeutic target for EGFR-TKIs-resistant lung ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Han
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hailing Lu
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Chen
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mengru Cao
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Cai
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- The 4th Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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27
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Wei T, Biskup E, Gjerdrum LMR, Niazi O, Ødum N, Gniadecki R. Ubiquitin-specific protease 2 decreases p53-dependent apoptosis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48391-48400. [PMID: 27351221 PMCID: PMC5217025 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) is challenging because they are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. USP2 has been shown to promote resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in several cancer models.We show here USP2 is expressed in quiescent and activated T-cells and its expression is 50% lower in CTCL cell lines (MyLa2000, SeAx and Hut-78) than in normal T-cells. USP2 is expressed in neoplastic cells in early, plaque-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) and is downregulated in advanced tumor stages. Upon treatment with psoralen with UVA (PUVA) or a p53 activator, nutlin3a, USP2 expression is significantly increased in MyLa2000 (p53wt/wt), but not in SeAx (p53mut) or Hut-78 (p53-/-). USP2 knockdown decreases MyLa2000 cell viability after PUVA by 50% but not Hut-78, suggesting that the function of USP2 in CTCL cells is p53-dependent. Furthermore, USP2 knockdown results in a decreased Mdm2 expression and upregulation of p53. Taken together, our findings suggest that USP2 stabilizes Mdm2 which antagonizes pro-apoptotic activity of p53 and possibly contributes to therapeutic resistance in CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianling Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edyta Biskup
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Omid Niazi
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Caldieri G, Malabarba MG, Di Fiore PP, Sigismund S. EGFR Trafficking in Physiology and Cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 57:235-272. [PMID: 30097778 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96704-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signaling from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) elicits multiple biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Receptor endocytosis and trafficking are critical physiological processes that control the strength, duration, diversification, and spatial restriction of EGFR signaling through multiple mechanisms, which we review in this chapter. These mechanisms include: (i) regulation of receptor density and activation at the cell surface; (ii) concentration of receptors into distinct nascent endocytic structures; (iii) commitment of the receptor to different endocytic routes; (iv) endosomal sorting and postendocytic trafficking of the receptor through distinct pathways, and (v) recycling to restricted regions of the cell surface. We also highlight how communication between organelles controls EGFR activity along the endocytic route. Finally, we illustrate how abnormal trafficking of EGFR oncogenic mutants, as well as alterations of the endocytic machinery, contributes to aberrant EGFR signaling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Caldieri
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Malabarba
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sigismund
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Santa Sofia 9/1, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
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29
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Zhu HQ, Gao FH. The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulation on USP2's Alternative Splicing and the Significance of Its Products. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1489-1496. [PMID: 29230097 PMCID: PMC5723915 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) has a regulatory function in cell growth or death and is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. USP2 gene can generate 7 splicing variants through alternative splicing, and 5 variants respectively as USP2-201, USP2-202, USP2-204, USP2-205, USP2-206 can encode proteins. The influence of circadian rhythm, nutrition and androgen on specific signaling molecules or cytokines can regulate the alternative splicing of USP2. Specifically, PKC activator, IL-1β, TNF-α, PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 are all regulatory factors for USP2's alternative splicing. USP2-201 plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression, and is also of great significance in EGFR recycling. USP2-202 can activate apoptosis signaling pathway to participate in cell apoptosis, and USP2-204 can induce cell anti-virus reaction to decrease. In general, we collect and summarize the factors involved in the alternative splicing of USP2 in this review to further understand the mechanism behind the USP2's alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng-Hou Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, China
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30
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Abstract
Although growing numbers of oncoproteins and pro-metastatic proteins have been extensively characterized, many of these tumor-promoting proteins are not good drug targets, which represent a major barrier to curing breast cancer and other cancers. There is a need, therefore, for alternative therapeutic approaches to destroying cancer-promoting proteins. The human genome encodes approximately 100 deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs, also called deubiquitinases), which are amenable to pharmacologic inhibition by small molecules. By removing monoubiquitin or polyubiquitin chains from the target protein, DUBs can modulate the degradation, localization, activity, trafficking, and recycling of the substrate, thereby contributing substantially to the regulation of cancer proteins and pathways. Targeting certain DUBs may lead to destabilization or functional inactivation of some key oncoproteins or pro-metastatic proteins, including non-druggable ones, which will provide therapeutic benefits to cancer patients. In breast cancer, growing numbers of DUBs are found to be aberrantly expressed. Depending on their substrates, specific DUBs can either promote or suppress mammary tumors. In this article, we review the role and mechanisms of action of DUBs in breast cancer and discuss the potential of targeting DUBs for cancer treatment.
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Kumari N, Jaynes PW, Saei A, Iyengar PV, Richard JLC, Eichhorn PJA. The roles of ubiquitin modifying enzymes in neoplastic disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:456-483. [PMID: 28923280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The initial experiments performed by Rose, Hershko, and Ciechanover describing the identification of a specific degradation signal in short-lived proteins paved the way to the discovery of the ubiquitin mediated regulation of numerous physiological functions required for cellular homeostasis. Since their discovery of ubiquitin and ubiquitin function over 30years ago it has become wholly apparent that ubiquitin and their respective ubiquitin modifying enzymes are key players in tumorigenesis. The human genome encodes approximately 600 putative E3 ligases and 80 deubiquitinating enzymes and in the majority of cases these enzymes exhibit specificity in sustaining either pro-tumorigenic or tumour repressive responses. In this review, we highlight the known oncogenic and tumour suppressive effects of ubiquitin modifying enzymes in cancer relevant pathways with specific focus on PI3K, MAPK, TGFβ, WNT, and YAP pathways. Moreover, we discuss the capacity of targeting DUBs as a novel anticancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishi Kumari
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Patrick William Jaynes
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Azad Saei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | | | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
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Ma X, Zhao J, Yang F, Liu H, Qi W. Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 L3 promoted tumor growth of NSCLC through accelerating p27kip1 ubiquitination and degradation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84193-84203. [PMID: 29137415 PMCID: PMC5663587 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of human lung cancer has not been completely clarified. Here, we reported that UBE2L3, a member of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s), were overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared with the non-tumor tissues. High expression of UBE2L3 was correlated with advanced tumor stage and adverse outcomes. Knockdown of UBE2L3 inhibited NSCLC cell growth while ectopic expression of UBE2L3 promoted NSCLC cell growth in a cell cycle dependent manner. The results of subcutaneous tumor xenograft studies revealed that knockdown of UBE2L3 attenuated the in vivo tumor growth. Mechanistically, we observed that UBE2L3 could interact with F-box protein Skp2, a member of the SCF (Skp2) ubiquitin ligase complex, and thus promoted the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p27kip1. Furthermore, NSCLC cases with high level of UBE2L3 and low level of p27kip1 had worst prognosis, suggesting that combination of UBE2L3 and p27kip1 is a more powerful prognostic marker for NSCLC patients. Taken together, the current study presented a novel marker for predicting prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weibo Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Z, Xie W, Zhu M, Zhou H. Development of a highly reliable assay for ubiquitin-specific protease 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4015-4018. [PMID: 28778469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic modification of proteins with ubiquitin plays crucial roles in major celluar functions, and is associated with a number of pathological conditions. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) cleave ubiquitin from substrate proteins, and rescue them from proteasomal degradation. Among them, USP2 is overexpressed and plays important roles in various cancers including prostate cancer. Thus, it represents an attractive target for drug discovery. In order to develop potent and selective USP2 inhibitors, a highly reliable assay is needed for in-depth structure-activity relationship study. We report the cloning, expression, and purification of USP2 and UBA52, and the development of a highly reliable assay based on readily available SDS-PAGE-Coomassie systeme using UBA52 as the substrate protein. A number of effective USP2 inhibitors were also identified using this assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenjuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Deubiquitylating enzymes in receptor endocytosis and trafficking. Biochem J 2017; 473:4507-4525. [PMID: 27941029 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, our knowledge of the roles ubiquitin plays in multiple cellular processes has expanded exponentially, with one example being the role of ubiquitin in receptor endocytosis and trafficking. This has prompted a multitude of studies examining how the different machinery involved in the addition and removal of ubiquitin can influence this process. Multiple deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) have been implicated either in facilitating receptor endocytosis and lysosomal degradation or in rescuing receptor levels by preventing endocytosis and/or promoting recycling to the plasma membrane. In this review, we will discuss in detail what is currently known about the role of DUBs in regulating the endocytosis of various transmembrane receptors and ion channels. We will also expand upon the role DUBs play in receptor sorting at the multivesicular body to determine whether a receptor is recycled or trafficked to the lysosome for degradation. Finally, we will briefly discuss how the DUBs implicated in these processes may contribute to the pathogenesis of a range of diseases, and thus the potential these have as therapeutic targets.
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Sanchez-Quiles V, Akimov V, Osinalde N, Francavilla C, Puglia M, Barrio-Hernandez I, Kratchmarova I, Olsen JV, Blagoev B. Cylindromatosis Tumor Suppressor Protein (CYLD) Deubiquitinase is Necessary for Proper Ubiquitination and Degradation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1433-1446. [PMID: 28572092 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.066423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cylindromatosis tumor suppressor protein (CYLD) is a deubiquitinase, best known as an essential negative regulator of the NFkB pathway. Previous studies have suggested an involvement of CYLD in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent signal transduction as well, as it was found enriched within the tyrosine-phosphorylated complexes in cells stimulated with the growth factor. EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling participates in central cellular processes and its tight regulation, partly through ubiquitination cascades, is decisive for a balanced cellular homeostasis. Here, using a combination of mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic approaches with biochemical and immunofluorescence strategies, we demonstrate the involvement of CYLD in the regulation of the ubiquitination events triggered by EGF. Our data show that CYLD regulates the magnitude of ubiquitination of several major effectors of the EGFR pathway by assisting the recruitment of the ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b to the activated EGFR complex. Notably, CYLD facilitates the interaction of EGFR with Cbl-b through its Tyr15 phosphorylation in response to EGF, which leads to fine-tuning of the receptor's ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. This represents a previously uncharacterized strategy exerted by this deubiquitinase and tumors suppressor for the negative regulation of a tumorigenic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Sanchez-Quiles
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Vyacheslav Akimov
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Nerea Osinalde
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- §Proteomics Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michele Puglia
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Irina Kratchmarova
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- §Proteomics Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;
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Qiu GZ, Sun W, Jin MZ, Lin J, Lu PG, Jin WL. The bad seed gardener: Deubiquitinases in the cancer stem-cell signaling network and therapeutic resistance. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 172:127-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Clague MJ, Urbé S. Integration of cellular ubiquitin and membrane traffic systems: focus on deubiquitylases. FEBS J 2017; 284:1753-1766. [PMID: 28064438 PMCID: PMC5484354 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cell is comprised of integrated multilevel protein networks or systems. The ubiquitin, protein homeostasis and membrane trafficking systems are highly integrated. Here, we look at the influence of reversible ubiquitylation on membrane trafficking and organelle dynamics. We review the regulation of endocytic sorting, selective autophagy and the secretory pathway by ubiquitin signals, with a particular focus on detailing the contribution of deubiquitylating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Clague
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Sylvie Urbé
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
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Tencer AH, Liang Q, Zhuang Z. Divergence in Ubiquitin Interaction and Catalysis among the Ubiquitin-Specific Protease Family Deubiquitinating Enzymes. Biochemistry 2016; 55:4708-19. [PMID: 27501351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are responsible for reversing mono- and polyubiquitination of proteins and play essential roles in numerous cellular processes. Close to 100 human DUBs have been identified and are classified into five families, with the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family being the largest (>50 members). The binding of ubiquitin (Ub) to USP is strikingly different from that observed for the DUBs in the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH) and ovarian tumor domain protease (OTU) families. We generated a panel of mutant ubiquitins and used them to probe the ubiquitin's interaction with a number of USPs. Our results revealed a remarkable divergence of USP-Ub interactions among the USP catalytic domains. Our double-mutant cycle analysis targeting the ubiquitin residues located in the tip, the central body, and the tail of ubiquitin also demonstrated different crosstalk among the USP-Ub interactions. This work uncovered intriguing divergence in the ubiquitin-binding mode in the USP family DUBs and raised the possibility of targeting the ubiquitin-binding hot spots on USPs for selective inhibition of USPs by small molecule antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Tencer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 214A Drake Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 214A Drake Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Zhihao Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 214A Drake Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Huang KY, Kao SH, Wang WL, Chen CY, Hsiao TH, Salunke SB, Chen JJW, Su KY, Yang SC, Hong TM, Chen CS, Yang PC. Small Molecule T315 Promotes Casitas B-Lineage Lymphoma–Dependent Degradation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor via Y1045 Autophosphorylation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:753-66. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0250oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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40
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Savio MG, Wollscheid N, Cavallaro E, Algisi V, Di Fiore PP, Sigismund S, Maspero E, Polo S. USP9X Controls EGFR Fate by Deubiquitinating the Endocytic Adaptor Eps15. Curr Biol 2016; 26:173-183. [PMID: 26748853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Following activation by its cognate ligand(s), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is rapidly routed to the lysosome for degradation in a ubiquitination-dependent fashion. This pathway represents the major mechanism of long-term attenuation of EGFR signaling, and its deregulation is a significant feature in different types of cancers. Here we demonstrate, through a systematic RNAi-based approach, that several deubiquitinating (DUB) enzymes extend or decrease EGFR half-life upon EGF stimulation. We focus on USP9X, whose depletion severely affects EGFR turnover, interfering with its internalization and trafficking. We identify the endocytic protein Eps15 as one of the critical substrates of USP9X, and we map the Eps15 ubiquitination sites. We found that Eps15 monoubiquitination occurs already at minimal dose of EGF stimulation and is essential for EGFR internalization. Overall, our findings identify USP9X as a novel regulator of EGFR endocytosis and suggest a model whereby cycles of ubiquitination and deubiquitination events on endocytic accessory proteins may regulate the internalization and trafficking of the EGFR toward the lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michol Giovanna Savio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy; DIPO, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via di Rudinì 8, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadine Wollscheid
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Cavallaro
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Algisi
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy; DIPO, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via di Rudinì 8, 20122 Milan, Italy; IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sigismund
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Maspero
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Polo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy; DIPO, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via di Rudinì 8, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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USP2-45 Is a Circadian Clock Output Effector Regulating Calcium Absorption at the Post-Translational Level. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145155. [PMID: 26756164 PMCID: PMC4710524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock influences most aspects of physiology and behavior through the transcriptional control of a wide variety of genes, mostly in a tissue-specific manner. About 20 clock-controlled genes (CCGs) oscillate in virtually all mammalian tissues and are generally considered as core clock components. One of them is Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 2 (Usp2), whose status remains controversial, as it may be a cogwheel regulating the stability or activity of core cogwheels or an output effector. We report here that Usp2 is a clock output effector related to bodily Ca2+ homeostasis, a feature that is conserved across evolution. Drosophila with a whole-body knockdown of the orthologue of Usp2, CG14619 (dUsp2-kd), predominantly die during pupation but are rescued by dietary Ca2+ supplementation. Usp2-KO mice show hyperabsorption of dietary Ca2+ in small intestine, likely due to strong overexpression of the membrane scaffold protein NHERF4, a regulator of the Ca2+ channel TRPV6 mediating dietary Ca2+ uptake. In this tissue, USP2-45 is found in membrane fractions and negatively regulates NHERF4 protein abundance in a rhythmic manner at the protein level. In clock mutant animals (Cry1/Cry2-dKO), rhythmic USP2-45 expression is lost, as well as the one of NHERF4, confirming the inverse relationship between USP2-45 and NHERF4 protein levels. Finally, USP2-45 interacts in vitro with NHERF4 and endogenous Clathrin Heavy Chain. Taken together these data prompt us to define USP2-45 as the first clock output effector acting at the post-translational level at cell membranes and possibly regulating membrane permeability of Ca2+.
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Chapter Six - The Ubiquitin Network in the Control of EGFR Endocytosis and Signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 141:225-76. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Nelson JK, Sorrentino V, Avagliano Trezza R, Heride C, Urbe S, Distel B, Zelcer N. The Deubiquitylase USP2 Regulates the LDLR Pathway by Counteracting the E3-Ubiquitin Ligase IDOL. Circ Res 2015; 118:410-9. [PMID: 26666640 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) is a central determinant of circulating LDL-cholesterol and as such subject to tight regulation. Recent studies and genetic evidence implicate the inducible degrader of the LDLR (IDOL) as a regulator of LDLR abundance and of circulating levels of LDL-cholesterol in humans. Acting as an E3-ubiquitin ligase, IDOL promotes ubiquitylation and subsequent lysosomal degradation of the LDLR. Consequently, inhibition of IDOL-mediated degradation of the LDLR represents a potential strategy to increase hepatic LDL-cholesterol clearance. OBJECTIVE To establish whether deubiquitylases counteract IDOL-mediated ubiquitylation and degradation of the LDLR. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a genetic screening approach, we identify the ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) as a post-transcriptional regulator of IDOL-mediated LDLR degradation. We demonstrate that both USP2 isoforms, USP2-69 and USP2-45, interact with IDOL and promote its deubiquitylation. IDOL deubiquitylation requires USP2 enzymatic activity and leads to a marked stabilization of IDOL protein. Paradoxically, this also markedly attenuates IDOL-mediated degradation of the LDLR and the ability of IDOL to limit LDL uptake into cells. Conversely, loss of USP2 reduces LDLR protein in an IDOL-dependent manner and limits LDL uptake. We identify a tri-partite complex encompassing IDOL, USP2, and LDLR and demonstrate that in this context USP2 promotes deubiquitylation of the LDLR and prevents its degradation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify USP2 as a novel regulator of lipoprotein clearance owing to its ability to control ubiquitylation-dependent degradation of the LDLR by IDOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kristine Nelson
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Rossella Avagliano Trezza
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Claire Heride
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Sylvie Urbe
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Ben Distel
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.)
| | - Noam Zelcer
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.K.N., V.S., R.A.T., B.D., N.Z.); and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (C.H., S.U.).
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Reglinski K, Keil M, Altendorf S, Waithe D, Eggeling C, Schliebs W, Erdmann R. Peroxisomal Import Reduces the Proapoptotic Activity of Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP2. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140685. [PMID: 26484888 PMCID: PMC4617714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) regulates multiple cellular pathways, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. As a result of alternative splicing four USP2 isoenzymes are expressed in human cells of which all contain a weak peroxisome targeting signal of type 1 (PTS1) at their C-termini. Here, we systematically analyzed apoptotic effects induced by overexpression and intracellular localization for each isoform. All isoforms exhibit proapoptotic activity and are post-translationally imported into the matrix of peroxisomes in a PEX5-dependent manner. However, a significant fraction of the USP2 pool resides in the cytosol due to a weaker PTS1 and thus low affinity to the PTS receptor PEX5. Blocking of peroxisomal import did not interfere with the proapoptotic activity of USP2, suggesting that the enzyme performs its critical function outside of this compartment. Instead, increase of the efficiency of USP2 import into peroxisomes either by optimization of its peroxisomal targeting signal or by overexpression of the PTS1 receptor did result in a reduction of the apoptotic rate of transfected cells. Our studies suggest that peroxisomal import of USP2 provides additional control over the proapoptotic activity of cytosolic USP2 by spatial separation of the deubiquitinating enzymes from their interaction partners in the cytosol and nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Reglinski
- Institut für Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Abteilung Systembiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marina Keil
- Institut für Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Abteilung Systembiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sabrina Altendorf
- Institut für Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Abteilung Systembiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Schliebs
- Institut für Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Abteilung Systembiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Erdmann
- Institut für Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Abteilung Systembiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Jeong P, Ha YS, Yun SJ, Yoon HY, Freeman MR, Kim J, Kim WJ. Assess the expression of ubiquitin specific protease USP2a for bladder cancer diagnosis. BMC Urol 2015; 15:80. [PMID: 26250800 PMCID: PMC4528688 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-015-0074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given that a deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 2a (USP2a), regulates ubiquitination, trafficking, and degradation of EGFR, which plays a critical role in bladder cancer, in this study, we aimed to quantify the USP2a gene expression, and to determine the possibility that USP2a can be used for bladder cancer diagnosis. Methods Using two independent cohorts (cohort 1, n = 339 in total; cohort 2, n = 140 in total) consisting of human bladder tissues from BC patients and normal controls, we analyzed the gene expression levels of USP2a. A quantitative real-time PCR amplification was performed using a Rotor Gene 6000 instrument to quantify the expression of USP2a mRNA. Results A comparison of 305 bladder cancers and 34 age-matched controls showed an 81.4 % reduction in USP2a expression in bladder cancers as compared to normal bladder tissues (p < 0.001). In the independent cohort consisting of 140 BC tissues and matched adjacent normal bladder tissues, the levels of USP2a in the specimens of BC patients were reduced by 86.9 % as compared to matched surrounding normal specimens from the same patients (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was 36.3 % reduction of USP2a gene expression in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC, n = 121), compared to non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC, n = 184) (p = 0.004). Lastly, USP2a mRNA expression was significantly reduced in higher stages of MIBC patients (p = 0.024), but not in NMIBC patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that USP2a mRNA may be considered as a diagnostic marker candidate for bladder cancer, in particular, to stratify MIBC patients with a more invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
| | - Seok-Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Yoon Yoon
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Departments of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA. .,Cancer Biology Division, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Departments of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA. .,Cancer Biology Division, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
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Transcriptional response to cardiac injury in the zebrafish: systematic identification of genes with highly concordant activity across in vivo models. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:852. [PMID: 25280539 PMCID: PMC4197235 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zebrafish is a clinically-relevant model of heart regeneration. Unlike mammals, it has a remarkable heart repair capacity after injury, and promises novel translational applications. Amputation and cryoinjury models are key research tools for understanding injury response and regeneration in vivo. An understanding of the transcriptional responses following injury is needed to identify key players of heart tissue repair, as well as potential targets for boosting this property in humans. Results We investigated amputation and cryoinjury in vivo models of heart damage in the zebrafish through unbiased, integrative analyses of independent molecular datasets. To detect genes with potential biological roles, we derived computational prediction models with microarray data from heart amputation experiments. We focused on a top-ranked set of genes highly activated in the early post-injury stage, whose activity was further verified in independent microarray datasets. Next, we performed independent validations of expression responses with qPCR in a cryoinjury model. Across in vivo models, the top candidates showed highly concordant responses at 1 and 3 days post-injury, which highlights the predictive power of our analysis strategies and the possible biological relevance of these genes. Top candidates are significantly involved in cell fate specification and differentiation, and include heart failure markers such as periostin, as well as potential new targets for heart regeneration. For example, ptgis and ca2 were overexpressed, while usp2a, a regulator of the p53 pathway, was down-regulated in our in vivo models. Interestingly, a high activity of ptgis and ca2 has been previously observed in failing hearts from rats and humans. Conclusions We identified genes with potential critical roles in the response to cardiac damage in the zebrafish. Their transcriptional activities are reproducible in different in vivo models of cardiac injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-852) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Engel E, Viargues P, Mortier M, Taillebourg E, Couté Y, Thevenon D, Fauvarque MO. Identifying USPs regulating immune signals in Drosophila: USP2 deubiquitinates Imd and promotes its degradation by interacting with the proteasome. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:41. [PMID: 25027767 PMCID: PMC4140012 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-014-0041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid activation of innate immune defences upon microbial infection depends on the evolutionary conserved NF-κB dependent signals which deregulation is frequently associated with chronic inflammation and oncogenesis. These signals are tightly regulated by the linkage of different kinds of ubiquitin moieties on proteins that modify either their activity or their stability. To investigate how ubiquitin specific proteases (USPs) orchestrate immune signal regulation, we created and screened a focused RNA interference library on Drosophila NF-κB-like pathways Toll and Imd in cultured S2 cells, and further analysed the function of selected genes in vivo. RESULTS We report here that USP2 and USP34/Puf, in addition to the previously described USP36/Scny, prevent inappropriate activation of Imd-dependent immune signal in unchallenged conditions. Moreover, USP34 is also necessary to prevent constitutive activation of the Toll pathway. However, while USP2 also prevents excessive Imd-dependent signalling in vivo, USP34 shows differential requirement depending on NF-κB target genes, in response to fly infection by either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. We further show that USP2 prevents the constitutive activation of signalling by promoting Imd proteasomal degradation. Indeed, the homeostasis of the Imd scaffolding molecule is tightly regulated by the linkage of lysine 48-linked ubiquitin chains (K48) acting as a tag for its proteasomal degradation. This process is necessary to prevent constitutive activation of Imd pathway in vivo and is inhibited in response to infection. The control of Imd homeostasis by USP2 is associated with the hydrolysis of Imd linked K48-ubiquitin chains and the synergistic binding of USP2 and Imd to the proteasome, as evidenced by both mass-spectrometry analysis of USP2 partners and by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. CONCLUSION Our work identified one known (USP36) and two new (USP2, USP34) ubiquitin specific proteases regulating Imd or Toll dependent immune signalling in Drosophila. It further highlights the ubiquitin dependent control of Imd homeostasis and shows a new activity for USP2 at the proteasome allowing for Imd degradation. This study provides original information for the better understanding of the strong implication of USP2 in pathological processes in humans, including cancerogenesis.
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Piper RC, Dikic I, Lukacs GL. Ubiquitin-dependent sorting in endocytosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2014; 6:6/1/a016808. [PMID: 24384571 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
When ubiquitin (Ub) is attached to membrane proteins on the plasma membrane, it directs them through a series of sorting steps that culminate in their delivery to the lumen of the lysosome where they undergo complete proteolysis. Ubiquitin is recognized by a series of complexes that operate at a number of vesicle transport steps. Ubiquitin serves as a sorting signal for internalization at the plasma membrane and is the major signal for incorporation into intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular late endosomes. The sorting machineries that catalyze these steps can bind Ub via a variety of Ub-binding domains. At the same time, many of these complexes are themselves ubiquitinated, thus providing a plethora of potential mechanisms to regulate their activity. Here we provide an overview of how membrane proteins are selected for ubiquitination and deubiquitination within the endocytic pathway and how that ubiquitin signal is interpreted by endocytic sorting machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Bommeljé CC, Weeda VB, Huang G, Shah K, Bains S, Buss E, Shaha M, Gönen M, Ghossein R, Ramanathan SY, Singh B. Oncogenic function of SCCRO5/DCUN1D5 requires its Neddylation E3 activity and nuclear localization. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:372-81. [PMID: 24192928 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine mechanisms by which SCCRO5 (aka DCUN1D5) promotes oncogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN SCCRO5 mRNA and protein expression were assessed in 203 randomly selected primary cancer tissue samples, matched histologically normal tissues, and cell lines by use of real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. SCCRO5 overexpression was correlated with survival. The effect of SCCRO5 knockdown on viability was assessed in selected cancer cell lines. Structure-function studies were performed to determine the SCCRO5 residues required for binding to the neddylation components, for neddylation-promoting activity, and for transformation. RESULTS In oral and lung squamous cell carcinomas, SCCRO5 mRNA levels corresponded with protein levels and overexpression correlated with decreased disease-specific survival. Knockdown of SCCRO5 by RNAi resulted in a selective decrease in the viability of cancer cells with high endogenous levels, suggesting the presence of oncogene addiction. SCCRO5 promoted cullin neddylation while maintaining conserved reaction processivity paradigms involved in ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like protein conjugation, establishing it as a component of the neddylation E3. Neddylation activities in vitro required the potentiating of neddylation (PONY) domain but not the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) domain. In contrast, both the NLS domain and the PONY domain were required for transformation of NIH-3T3 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SCCRO5 has oncogenic potential that requires its function as a component of the neddylation E3. Neddylation activity and nuclear localization of SCCRO5 are important for its in vivo function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C Bommeljé
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Epithelial Cancer Biology and Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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USP2a alters chemotherapeutic response by modulating redox. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e812. [PMID: 24071644 PMCID: PMC3789164 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are characterized by altered ubiquitination of many proteins. The ubiquitin-specific protease 2a (USP2a) is a deubiquitinating enzyme overexpressed in prostate adenocarcinomas, where it exhibits oncogenic behavior in a variety of ways including targeting c-Myc via the miR-34b/c cluster. Here we demonstrate that USP2a induces drug resistance in both immortalized and transformed prostate cells. Specifically, it confers resistance to typically pro-oxidant agents, such as cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin (Doxo), and to taxanes. USP2a overexpression protects from drug-induced oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), thus impairing downstream p38 activation and triggering of apoptosis. The molecular mediator of the USP2a protective function is the glutathione (GSH). Through miR-34b/c-driven c-Myc regulation, USP2a increases intracellular GSH content, thus interfering with the oxidative cascade triggered by chemotherapeutic agents. In light of these findings, targeting Myc and/or miR-34b/c might revert chemo-resistance.
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