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Parambil ST, Antony GR, Littleflower AB, Subhadradevi L. The molecular crosstalk of the hippo cascade in breast cancer: A potential central susceptibility. Biochimie 2024; 222:132-150. [PMID: 38494109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is perpetually growing globally, and it remains a major public health problem and the leading cause of mortality in women. Though the aberrant activities of the Hippo pathway have been reported to be associated with cancer, constructive knowledge of the pathway connecting the various elements of breast cancer remains to be elucidated. The Hippo transducers, yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ), are reported to be either tumor suppressors, oncogenes, or independent prognostic markers in breast cancer. Thus, there is further need for an explicative evaluation of the dilemma with this molecular contribution of Hippo transducers in modulating breast malignancy. In this review, we summarize the intricate crosstalk of the Hippo pathway in different aspects of breast malignancy, including stem-likeness, cellular signaling, metabolic adaptations, tumor microenvironment, and immune responses. The collective data shows that Hippo transducers play an indispensable role in mammary tumor formation, progression, and dissemination. However, the cellular functions of YAP/TAZ in tumorigenesis might be largely dependent on the mechanical and biophysical cues they interact with, as well as on the cell phenotype. This review provides a glimpse into the plausible biological contributions of the cascade to the inward progression of breast carcinoma and suggests potential therapeutic prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulfath Thottungal Parambil
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Gisha Rose Antony
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Ajeesh Babu Littleflower
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Lakshmi Subhadradevi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India.
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Blakely WJ, Hatterschide J, White EA. HPV18 E7 inhibits LATS1 kinase and activates YAP1 by degrading PTPN14. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.07.583953. [PMID: 38496413 PMCID: PMC10942435 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.583953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins inactivate cellular tumor suppressors to reprogram host cell signaling pathways. HPV E7 proteins bind and degrade the tumor suppressor PTPN14, thereby promoting the nuclear localization of the YAP1 oncoprotein and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation. YAP1 is a transcriptional coactivator that drives epithelial cell stemness and self-renewal. YAP1 activity is inhibited by the highly conserved Hippo pathway, which is frequently inactivated in human cancers. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 kinases form the core of the Hippo kinase cascade. Active LATS1 kinase is phosphorylated on threonine 1079 and inhibits YAP1 by phosphorylating it on amino acids including serine 127. Here, we tested the effect of high-risk (carcinogenic) HPV18 E7 on Hippo pathway activity. We found that either PTPN14 knockout or PTPN14 degradation by HPV18 E7 decreased phosphorylation of LATS1 T1079 and YAP1 S127 in human keratinocytes and inhibited keratinocyte differentiation. Conversely, PTPN14-dependent differentiation required LATS kinases and certain PPxY motifs in PTPN14. Neither MST1/2 kinases nor the putative PTPN14 phosphatase active site were required for PTPN14 to promote differentiation. Taken together, these data support that PTPN14 inactivation or degradation of PTPN14 by HPV18 E7 reduce LATS1 activity, promoting active YAP1 and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Blakely
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Hatterschide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Current address: Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Liang H, Xu Y, Zhao J, Chen M, Wang M. Hippo pathway in non-small cell lung cancer: mechanisms, potential targets, and biomarkers. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:652-666. [PMID: 38499647 PMCID: PMC11101353 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the primary contributor to cancer-related deaths globally, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes around 85% of all lung cancer cases. Recently, the emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy revolutionized the treatment of NSCLC and greatly improved patients' survival. However, drug resistance is inevitable, and extensive research has demonstrated that the Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in the development of drug resistance in NSCLC. The Hippo pathway is a highly conserved signaling pathway that is essential for various biological processes, including organ development, maintenance of epithelial balance, tissue regeneration, wound healing, and immune regulation. This pathway exerts its effects through two key transcription factors, namely Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). They regulate gene expression by interacting with the transcriptional-enhanced associate domain (TEAD) family. In recent years, this pathway has been extensively studied in NSCLC. The review summarizes a comprehensive overview of the involvement of this pathway in NSCLC, and discusses the mechanisms of drug resistance, potential targets, and biomarkers associated with this pathway in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Wang Q, Greene MI. Survivin as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1705. [PMID: 38730657 PMCID: PMC11083197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Survivin was initially identified as a member of the inhibitor apoptosis (IAP) protein family and has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis. More recent studies showed that survivin is a component of the chromosome passenger complex and acts as an essential mediator of mitotic progression. Other potential functions of survivin, such as mitochondrial function and autophagy, have also been proposed. Survivin has emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy because its overexpression has been found in most human cancers and is frequently associated with chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and poor survival rates in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how survivin mediates various aspects of malignant transformation and drug resistance, as well as the efforts that have been made to develop therapeutics targeting survivin for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mark I. Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Ogimoto T, Ozasa H, Tsuji T, Funazo T, Yamazoe M, Hashimoto K, Yoshida H, Hosoya K, Ajimizu H, Nomizo T, Yoshida H, Hamaji M, Menju T, Yoshizawa A, Date H, Hirai T. Combination Therapy with EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and TEAD Inhibitor Increases Tumor Suppression Effects in EGFR Mutation-positive Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:564-576. [PMID: 38052760 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the first-line therapies for EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer. EGFR-TKIs have favorable therapeutic effects. However, a large proportion of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer subsequently relapse. Some cancer cells survive the initial treatment with EGFR-TKIs, and this initial survival may be associated with subsequent recurrence. Therefore, we aimed to overcome the initial survival against EGFR-TKIs. We hypothesized that yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is involved in the initial survival against EGFR-TKIs, and we confirmed the combined effect of EGFR-TKIs and a YAP1-TEAD pathway inhibitor. The KTOR27 (EGFR kinase domain duplication) lung cancer cell lines established from a patient with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer and commercially available PC-9 and HCC827 (EGFR exon 19 deletions) lung cancer cell lines were used. These cells were used to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of VT104, a TEAD inhibitor. In addition, YAP1 involvement was investigated in pathologic specimens. YAP1 was activated by short-term EGFR-TKI treatment in EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer cells. In addition, inhibiting YAP1 function using siRNA increased the sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. Combination therapy with VT104 and EGFR-TKIs showed better tumor-suppressive effects than EGFR-TKIs alone, in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the combined effect of VT104 and EGFR-TKIs was observed regardless of the localization status of YAP1 before EGFR-TKI exposure. These results suggest that combination therapy with the TEAD inhibitor and EGFR-TKIs may improve the prognosis of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ogimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Funazo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamazoe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hosoya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ajimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomizo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hamaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshi Menju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhou W, Lim A, Elmadbouh OHM, Edderkaoui M, Osipov A, Mathison AJ, Urrutia R, Liu T, Wang Q, Pandol SJ. Verteporfin induces lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:493-504. [PMID: 38184120 PMCID: PMC10906657 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has extremely poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 11 %. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a major downstream effector of the Hippo-YAP pathway and plays a pivotal role in regulation of cell proliferation and organ regeneration and tumorigenesis. Activation of YAP signaling has been associated with PDAC progression and drug resistance. Verteporfin (VP) is a photosensitizer used for photodynamic therapy and previous work showed that it can function as a YAP inhibitor. The efficacy of VP on human cancer are being tested in several trials. In this study, we examined the effect of VP on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in pancreatic cancer cells, by using fluorescent molecular probes and by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde, a metabolic byproduct and marker of lipid peroxidation. We found that VP causes rapid increase of both overall ROS and lipid peroxide levels, independent of light activation. These effects were not dependent on YAP, as knockdown of YAP did not cause ROS or lipid peroxidation or enhance VP-induced ROS production. Temoporfin, another photodynamic drug, did not show similar activities. In addition, VP treatment led to loss of cell membrane integrity and reduction of viability. Notably, the activity of VP to induce lipid peroxidation was neutralized by ferroptosis inhibitors ferrostatin-1 or liproxstatin-1. VP treatment also reduced the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), an enzyme that protects against lipid peroxidation. These results indicate that VP can induce lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in the absence of light activation. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which VP inhibits tumor growth and provide insights into development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Adrian Lim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | | | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Angela J Mathison
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Zhou W, Lim A, Edderkaoui M, Osipov A, Wu H, Wang Q, Pandol S. Role of YAP Signaling in Regulation of Programmed Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:15-28. [PMID: 38164167 PMCID: PMC10750275 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Although recent advances in cancer treatment significantly improved the prognosis of patients, drug resistance remains a major challenge. Targeting programmed cell death is a major approach of antitumor drug development. Deregulation of programmed cell death (PCD) contributes to resistance to a variety of cancer therapeutics. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog TAZ, the main downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, are aberrantly activated in a variety of human malignancies. The Hippo-YAP pathway, which was originally identified in Drosophila, is well conserved in humans and plays a defining role in regulation of cell fate, tissue growth and regeneration. Activation of YAP signaling has emerged as a key mechanism involved in promoting cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Understanding the role of YAP/TAZ signaling network in PCD and drug resistance could facilitate the development of effective strategies for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Adrian Lim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Shi H, Zou Y, Zhong W, Li Z, Wang X, Yin Y, Li D, Liu Y, Li M. Complex roles of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15311-15322. [PMID: 37608027 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling module that controls organ size in different species, and the disorder of the Hippo pathway can induce liver cancer in organisms, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The exact mechanism that causes cancer is still unknown. Recent studies have shown that it is a classical kinase cascade that phosphorylates the Mst1/2-sav1 complex and activates the phosphorylation of the Lats1/2-mob1A/B complex for inactivating Yap and Taz. These kinases and scaffolds are regarded as primary regulators of the Hippo pathway, and help in activating a variety of carcinogenic processes. Among them, Yap/Taz is seen to be the main effector molecule, which is downstream of the Hippo pathway, and its abnormal activation is related to a variety of human cancers including liver cancer. Currently, since Yap/Taz plays a variety of roles in cancer promotion and tumor regeneration, the Hippo pathway has emerged as an attractive target in recent drug development research. METHODS We collect and review relevant literature in web of Science and Pubmed. CONCLUSION This review highlights the important roles of Yap/Taz in activating Hippo pathway in liver cancer. The recent findings on the crosstalks between the Hippo and other cancer associated pathways and moleculars are also discussed. In this review, we summarized and discussed recent breakthroughs in our understanding of how key components of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway influence the hepatocellular carcinoma, including their effects on tumor occurrence and development, their roles in regulating metastasis, and their function in chemotherapy resistance. Further, the molecular mechanism and roles in regulating cross talk between Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway and other cancer-associated pathways or oncogenes/cancer suppressor genes were summarized and discussed. More, many other inducers and inhibitors of this signaling cascade and available experimental therapies against the YAP/TAZ/TEAD axis were discussed. Targeting this pathway for cancer therapy may have great significance in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Graphical summary of the complex role of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewen Shi
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zou
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhong
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoying Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, 250102, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yancun Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minjing Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Shi H, Zou Y, Wang X, Wang G, Gao Y, Yi F, Xu J, Yin Y, Li D, Li M. Activating the Hippo pathway by nevadensin overcomes Yap-drived resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:83. [PMID: 37243813 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant type of tumor that is insensitive to cytotoxic chemotherapy and often develops drug resistance. Nevadensin, a bioflavonoid, exhibits anti-cancer properties in some cancers. However, the precise underlying mechanism of nevadensin against liver cancer are poorly understood. We aim to evaluate the efficacy as well as the molecular mechanism of nevadensin in the treatment of liver cancer. METHODS Effects of nevadensin on HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using EdU labeling and flow cytometry assays. The molecular mechanism of nevadensin on HCC was determined using RNAseq. The effects of nevadensin on hippo-Yap signaling were verified using western blot and RT-PCR. RESULTS In this study, we show that nevadensin significantly inhibits growth of HCC cells via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RNAseq analysis showed that nevadensin regulates multiple functional signaling pathways associated with cancer including Hippo signaling. Western Blot analysis revealed that nevadensin notably induces activation of the MST1/2- LATS1/2 kinase in HCC cells, further resulting in the primary effector molecule YAP phosphorylation and subsequent degradation. These results indicated that nevadensin might exert its anti-HCC activity through the Hippo-ON mechanism. Moreover, nevadensin could increase the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib by down-regulating YAP and its downstream targets. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that nevadensin could be a potential effective approach to treating HCC, and overcoming sorafeni resistance via inducing activation of Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewen Shi
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zou
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoli Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Xu
- Department of Hematology, Qingdao University Medical College, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hoepital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yancun Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minjing Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Ning Y, Zheng H, Yang Y, Zang H, Wang W, Zhan Y, Wang H, Luo J, Wen Q, Peng J, Xiang J, Fan S. YAP1 synergize with YY1 transcriptional co-repress DUSP1 to induce osimertinib resistant by activating the EGFR/MAPK pathway and abrogating autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2458-2474. [PMID: 37215986 PMCID: PMC10197898 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
YAP1 is a well-known core effector of the Hippo pathway in tumors, but its potential role in osimertinib resistance remained unexplored. Our study provides evidence that YAP1 acts as a potent promoter of osimertinib resistance. By inhibiting YAP1 with a novel inhibitor, CA3, and combining it with osimertinib, we observed a significant suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and a delay in the emergence of osimertinib resistance. Interestingly, CA3 combined with osimertinib executed its anti-metastasis and pro-tumor apoptosis in part through autophagy. Mechanistically, we found that YAP1, in collaboration with YY1, transcriptionally represses DUSP1, leading to the dephosphorylation of the EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway and YAP1 phosphorylation in osimertinib-resistant cells. Our results also validate that CA3, in combination with osimertinib, executes its anti-metastasis and pro-tumor apoptosis partly through autophagy and the YAP1/DUSP1/EGFR/MEK/ERK regulatory feedback loop in osimertinib-resistant cells. Remarkably, our findings illustrate that YAP1 protein is upregulated in patients after osimertinib treatment and osimertinib resistance. Overall, our study confirms that the YAP1 inhibitor CA3 increases DUSP1 with concomitant activation of the EGFR/MAPK pathway and induces autophagy to enhance the efficacy of third-generation EGFR-TKI treatments for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ning
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Ahmad US, Uttagomol J, Wan H. The Regulation of the Hippo Pathway by Intercellular Junction Proteins. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1792. [PMID: 36362947 PMCID: PMC9696951 DOI: 10.3390/life12111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that serves to promote cell death and differentiation while inhibiting cellular proliferation across species. The downstream effectors of this pathway, yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are considered vital in promoting the output of the Hippo pathway, with activation of upstream kinases negatively regulating YAP/TAZ activity. The upstream regulation of the Hippo pathway is not entirely understood on a molecular level. However, several studies have shown that numerous cellular and non-cellular mechanisms such as cell polarity, contact inhibition, soluble factors, mechanical forces, and metabolism can convey external stimuli to the intracellular kinase cascade, promoting the activation of key components of the Hippo pathway and therefore regulating the subcellular localisation and protein activity of YAP/TAZ. This review will summarise what we have learnt about the role of intercellular junction-associated proteins in the activation of this pathway, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, and in particular our latest findings about the desmosomal components, including desmoglein-3 (DSG3), in the regulation of YAP signalling, phosphorylation, and subcellular translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Sharif Ahmad
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Jutamas Uttagomol
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Hong Wan
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
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12
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Cheng X, Lou K, Ding L, Zou X, Huang R, Xu G, Zou J, Zhang G. Clinical potential of the Hippo-YAP pathway in bladder cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925278. [PMID: 35912245 PMCID: PMC9336529 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the world’s most frequent cancers. Surgery coupled with adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy is the current standard of therapy for BC. However, a high proportion of patients progressed to chemotherapy-resistant or even neoplasm recurrence. Hence, identifying novel treatment targets is critical for clinical treatment. Current studies indicated that the Hippo-YAP pathway plays a crucial in regulating the survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which is related to the progression and reoccurrence of a variety of cancers. In this review, we summarize the evidence that Hippo-YAP mediates the occurrence, progression and chemotherapy resistance in BC, as well as the role of the Hippo-YAP pathway in regulating bladder cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs). Finally, the clinical potential of Hippo-YAP in the treatment of BC was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Lou
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liang Ding
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ruohui Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxi Zhang,
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13
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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14
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Dong C, Fu S, Karvas RM, Chew B, Fischer LA, Xing X, Harrison JK, Popli P, Kommagani R, Wang T, Zhang B, Theunissen TW. A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen identifies essential and growth-restricting genes in human trophoblast stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2548. [PMID: 35538076 PMCID: PMC9090837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent derivation of human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) provides a scalable in vitro model system of human placental development, but the molecular regulators of hTSC identity have not been systematically explored thus far. Here, we utilize a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen to comprehensively identify essential and growth-restricting genes in hTSCs. By cross-referencing our data to those from similar genetic screens performed in other cell types, as well as gene expression data from early human embryos, we define hTSC-specific and -enriched regulators. These include both well-established and previously uncharacterized trophoblast regulators, such as ARID3A, GATA2, and TEAD1 (essential), and GCM1, PTPN14, and TET2 (growth-restricting). Integrated analysis of chromatin accessibility, gene expression, and genome-wide location data reveals that the transcription factor TEAD1 regulates the expression of many trophoblast regulators in hTSCs. In the absence of TEAD1, hTSCs fail to complete faithful differentiation into extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells and instead show a bias towards syncytiotrophoblast (STB) differentiation, thus indicating that this transcription factor safeguards the bipotent lineage potential of hTSCs. Overall, our study provides a valuable resource for dissecting the molecular regulation of human placental development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shuhua Fu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rowan M Karvas
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Brian Chew
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Laura A Fischer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Xing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jessica K Harrison
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Pooja Popli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Thorold W Theunissen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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15
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An overview of the crosstalk between YAP and cGAS-STING signaling in non-small cell lung cancer: it takes two to tango. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1661-1672. [PMID: 35377059 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is recognized as a main mediator bridging innate and adaptive immunity, recent advances have expanded its roles to anti-tumor immunity and carcinogenesis. Loss of cGAS-STING signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) leads to enhanced tumorigenicity and decreased cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration. Apart from its anticancer response, persistent overreaction of cGAS-STING signaling promotes progression of certain inflammation-aggravated cancers. Activation of the pro-inflammatory nucleic acid sensing pathway can trigger Hippo pathway, which mediates the inactivation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and its paralogue transcriptional co-regulators with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, also known as WWTR1), and subsequent suppression of tumorigenesis. Active YAP acts as a transcriptional driver in bolstering immunosuppressive cytokines to evade immune surveillance and promote occurrence of preneoplasia. It is reasonable that aggressive tumors co-opt these regulators to generate few immunogenic antigens and drive tumorigenic behaviors via a highly cooperative manner. Given their multifaced roles, we profile the molecular biology characteristic and current status underpinning oncogenic YAP, review its crosstalk roles with cGAS/STING pathway in NSCLC, and summarize the major clinical investigations in NSCLC with TCGA database.
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16
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Kim M, Ly SH, Xie Y, Duronio GN, Ford-Roshon D, Hwang JH, Sulahian R, Rennhack JP, So J, Gjoerup O, Talamas JA, Grandclaudon M, Long HW, Doench JG, Sethi NS, Giannakis M, Hahn WC. YAP1 and PRDM14 converge to promote cell survival and tumorigenesis. Dev Cell 2022; 57:212-227.e8. [PMID: 34990589 PMCID: PMC8827663 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activator YAP1 oncogene is the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, which regulates tissue homeostasis, organ size, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. Multiple cancers are dependent on sustained expression of YAP1 for cell proliferation, survival, and tumorigenesis, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency is not well understood. To identify genes that can functionally substitute for YAP1, we performed a genome-scale genetic rescue screen in YAP1-dependent colon cancer cells expressing an inducible YAP1-specific shRNA. We found that the transcription factor PRDM14 rescued cell proliferation and tumorigenesis upon YAP1 suppression in YAP1-dependent cells, xenografts, and colon cancer organoids. YAP1 and PRDM14 individually activated the transcription of calmodulin 2 (CALM2) and a glucose transporter SLC2A1 upon YAP1 suppression, and CALM2 or SLC2A1 expression was required for the rescue of YAP1 suppression. Together, these findings implicate PRDM14-mediated transcriptional upregulation of CALM2 and SLC2A1 as key components of oncogenic YAP1 signaling and dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miju Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seav Huong Ly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yingtian Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gina N Duronio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dane Ford-Roshon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Justin H Hwang
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rita Sulahian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan P Rennhack
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan So
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ole Gjoerup
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica A Talamas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Henry W Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John G Doench
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nilay S Sethi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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17
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Takata T, Matsumura M. The LINC Complex Assists the Nuclear Import of Mechanosensitive Transcriptional Regulators. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:315-337. [PMID: 36348113 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces play pivotal roles in directing cell functions and fate. To elicit gene expression, either intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical information are transmitted into the nucleus beyond the nuclear envelope via at least two distinct pathways, possibly more. The first and well-known pathway utilizes the canonical nuclear transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators through the nuclear pore complex, which is an exclusive route for macromolecular trafficking between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. The second pathway depends on the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which is a molecular bridge traversing the nuclear envelope between the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton. This protein complex is a central component in mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope that transmits mechanical information from the cytoskeleton into the nucleus to influence the nuclear structure, nuclear stiffness, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Besides the mechanical force transducing function, recent increasing evidence shows that the LINC complex plays a role in controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here we discuss recent findings regarding the contribution of the LINC complex to the regulation of intracellular localization of the most-notable mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators, β-catenin, YAP, and TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Takata
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan
| | - Miki Matsumura
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan.
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18
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Zaldumbide L, Mosteiro L, López-Almaraz R, García de Andoin N, Aguirre P, Emaldi M, Torices L, López JI, Pulido R. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Neuroblastoma: Emerging Roles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:811297. [PMID: 34957126 PMCID: PMC8692838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.811297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer intimately related with early development and differentiation of neuroendocrine cells, and constitutes one of the pediatric cancers with higher incidence and mortality. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of cell growth and differentiation by their direct effect on tyrosine dephosphorylation of specific protein substrates, exerting major functions in the modulation of intracellular signaling during neuron development in response to external cues driving cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. We review here the current knowledge on the role of PTPs in neuroblastoma cell growth, survival, and differentiation. The potential of PTPs as biomarkers and molecular targets for inhibition in neuroblastoma therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
| | - Laura Zaldumbide
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Lorena Mosteiro
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Aguirre
- Department of Pathology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Emaldi
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Leire Torices
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - José I. López
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
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19
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Kaur S, Najm MZ, Khan MA, Akhter N, Shingatgeri VM, Sikenis M, Sadaf , Aloliqi AA. Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer: Dwelling the Hippo Pathway to Manage the Treatment. BREAST CANCER: TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 13:691-700. [PMID: 34938116 PMCID: PMC8685960 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s343329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer can be categorized as a commonly occurring cancer among women with a high mortality rate. Due to the repetitive treatment cycles, it has been noted that the patients develop resistance towards the chemotherapeutic drugs and remain unresponsive towards them. Therefore, many researchers are studying various signaling pathways involved in drug resistance for cancer treatment to overcome the obstacle. Hippo signaling is a widely studied pathway involved in tumor progression and controlling cell proliferation. Hence, understanding the aspects of the gene involved Hippo pathway would provide an insight into the mechanism behind the resistance and result in the development of new treatments. Here, we review the Hippo signaling pathway in humans and how the expression of different components leads to the regulation of resistance against some of the common chemo-drugs used in breast cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the chemotherapeutics that became ineffective due to the resistance and the mechanism following the process.
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20
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Mao Y, Qamar M, Qamar SA, Khan MI, Bilal M, Iqbal HM. Insight of nanomedicine strategies for a targeted delivery of nanotherapeutic cues to cope with the resistant types of cancer stem cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Li FL, Guan KL. The two sides of Hippo pathway in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:33-42. [PMID: 34265423 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway was originally characterized by genetic studies in Drosophila to regulate tissue growth and organ size, and the core components of this pathway are highly conserved in mammals. Studies over the past two decades have revealed critical physiological and pathological functions of the Hippo tumor-suppressor pathway, which is tightly regulated by a broad range of intracellular and extracellular signals. These properties enable the Hippo pathway to serve as an important controller in organismal development and adult tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling has been observed in many cancer types, suggesting the possibility of cancer treatment by targeting the Hippo pathway. The general consensus is that Hippo has tumor suppressor function. However, growing evidence also suggests that the function of the Hippo pathway in malignancy is cancer context dependent as recent studies indicating tumor promoting function of LATS. This article surveys the Hippo pathway signaling mechanisms and then reviews both the tumor suppressing and promoting function of this pathway. A comprehensive understanding of the dual roles of the Hippo pathway in cancer will benefit future therapeutic targeting of the Hippo pathway for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Long Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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Zhu X, Li S, Huang C, Huang G, Xu J. LncRNA CRNDE inhibits cardiomyocytes apoptosis by YAP1 in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:204-212. [PMID: 33988471 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1913580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyocytes apoptosis is the basic pathological process of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, so inhibiting apoptosis of cardiomyocytes can effectively improve MI/R injury. Long non-coding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (lncRNA CRNDE) can inhibit cell apoptosis, but its specific role in MI/R injury has not been studied. The aim of this study is to explore the specific effect of lncRNA CRNDE on cardiomyocytes apoptosis. METHODS MI/R model in vivo and hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) model in vitro were constructed. Apoptotic levels were assessed by TUNEL staining assay. QRT-PCR was used to validate lncRNA CRNDE level in myocardial tissues and HL-1 cells. The protein expressions of YAP1, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by western blot analysis. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes. RIP assay was used to detect the interaction between lncRNA CRNDE and YAP1. RESULTS The extent of cardiomyocytes apoptosis was significantly increased, and the levels of lncRNA CRNDE, YAP1 and Bcl-2 were down-regulated, while cleaved caspase-3 expression was up-regulated in MI/R mice and H/R-treated HL-1 cells. The expressions of YAP1 and Bcl-2 were decreased, while the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was increased after the knockdown of lncRNA CRNDE. Furthermore, lncRNA CRNDE could bind to YAP1 and regulated the protein level of YAP1 by ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation pathway. After transfection of Si-YAP1 in the H/R-treated HL-1 cells transfected with pc-DNA CRNDE, the protein level of Bcl-2 was decreased, while cleaved caspase-3 expression and the apoptosis rate were increased. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that lncRNA CRNDE could regulate YAP1 level by ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation pathway, thus inhibiting cardiomyocytes apoptosis in MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuiqi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gongcheng Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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YAP promotes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating survivin. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:689-699. [PMID: 33655469 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00595-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorafenib is the standard first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its use is hampered by secondary drug resistance. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, which is crucial for liver tumorigenesis. As yet, however, the mechanism underlying sorafenib resistance and the role of YAP therein is not fully understood and needs to be explored further. METHODS Western blotting, flow cytometry and CCK-8 assays were used to assess the role of YAP in HCC sorafenib resistance. Next, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to identify survivin as a YAP downstream effector, and rescue experiments were performed to confirm that YAP induces sorafenib resistance via survivin. Additionally, Western blotting, flow cytometry and in vivo xenograft models were used to evaluate the effect of verteporfin in combination with sorafenib on HCC. RESULTS We found that sorafenib enhances YAP nuclear accumulation and activation, thereby promoting sorafenib resistance through inhibiting apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, we found that survivin acts as a downstream mediator of YAP to resist sorafenib-induced apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of YAP by verteporfin increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib and reversed sorafenib resistance. Moreover, verteporfin in combination with sorafenib significantly suppressed in vivo HCC tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that YAP promotes sorafenib resistance through upregulation of survivin expression in HCC cells. Targeting YAP may be a therapeutic strategy to improve the antitumor effects of sorafenib in HCC.
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Li C, Peng Z, Wang Y, Lam G, Nissen N, Tang J, Yuan X, Lewis M, Greene MI, Pandol SJ, Wang Q. Epithelial cell transforming 2 is regulated by Yes-associated protein 1 and mediates pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G380-G395. [PMID: 33501895 PMCID: PMC8202240 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00185.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly metastatic and represents one of the deadliest forms of human cancers. Previous studies showed that activation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) plays a key role in malignant transformation in the pancreas. In this study, we found that YAP1 regulates the expression of epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like GTPases. By immunohistochemistry analysis of human tissues, we show that ECT2 is highly expressed in primary PDAC and liver metastasis but not in normal pancreas. These correlations were also observed in a mouse model of PDAC, where pancreatic transformation is driven by mutants of Kras and Trp53. Notably, nuclear ECT2 is upregulated in the transition from preneoplastic lesions to PDAC. High levels of YAP1 or ECT2 expression correlates with the poor overall survival rate of patients with PDAC. We further demonstrate that ECT2 is required for pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Finally, using a syngeneic orthotopic xenograft mouse model for pancreatic cancer, we found that ablation of ECT2 expression reduces pancreatic cancer growth and dissemination to the liver. These findings highlight the critical role of ECT2 in promoting pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis and provides insights into the development of novel methods for early detection and treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest forms of human cancers. In this study, we identified a novel signaling mechanism involved in PDAC progression and metastasis. Yes-associated protein 1 mediates the expression of epithelial cell transforming 2, which is elevated in PDAC and correlates with poor survival. Epithelial cell transforming 2 is required for PDAC growth and metastasis. This study provides insights into the development of novel methods for early detection and treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Li
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,2Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- 2Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California,3Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gloria Lam
- 2Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicholas Nissen
- 5Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jie Tang
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xiaopu Yuan
- 6Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Lewis
- 7Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mark I. Greene
- 8Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- 2Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qiang Wang
- 2Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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25
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An L, Nie P, Chen M, Tang Y, Zhang H, Guan J, Cao Z, Hou C, Wang W, Zhao Y, Xu H, Jiao S, Zhou Z. MST4 kinase suppresses gastric tumorigenesis by limiting YAP activation via a non-canonical pathway. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151647. [PMID: 32271880 PMCID: PMC7971137 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of YAP has been commonly associated with tumorigenesis, and emerging evidence hints at multilayered Hippo-independent regulations of YAP. In this study, we identified a new MST4-YAP axis, which acts as a noncanonical Hippo signaling pathway that limits stress-induced YAP activation. MST4 kinase directly phosphorylated YAP at Thr83 to block its binding with importin α, therefore leading to YAP cytoplasmic retention and inactivation. Due to a consequential interplay between MST4-mediated YAP phospho-Thr83 signaling and the classical YAP phospho-Ser127 signaling, the phosphorylation level of YAP at Thr83 was correlated to that at Ser127. Mutation of T83E mimicking MST4-mediated alternative signaling restrained the activity of both wild-type YAP and its S127A mutant mimicking loss of classical Hippo signal. Depletion of MST4 in mice promoted gastric tumorigenesis with diminished Thr83 phosphorylation and hyperactivation of YAP. Moreover, loss of MST4-YAP signaling was associated with poor prognosis of human gastric cancer. Collectively, our study uncovered a noncanonical MST4-YAP signaling axis essential for suppressing gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei An
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingmin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Hou
- The School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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26
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Lee HS, Kim MW, Jin KS, Shin HC, Kim WK, Lee SC, Kim SJ, Lee EW, Ku B. Molecular Analysis of the Interaction between Human PTPN21 and the Oncoprotein E7 from Human Papillomavirus Genotype 18. Mol Cells 2021; 44:26-37. [PMID: 33431714 PMCID: PMC7854179 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cellular hyperproliferation-associated abnormalities including cervical cancer. The HPV genome encodes two major viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, which recruit various host proteins by direct interaction for proteasomal degradation. Recently, we reported the structure of HPV18 E7 conserved region 3 (CR3) bound to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain of PTPN14, a well-defined tumor suppressor, and found that this intermolecular interaction plays a key role in E7-driven transformation and tumorigenesis. In this study, we carried out a molecular analysis of the interaction between CR3 of HPV18 E7 and the PTP domain of PTPN21, a PTP protein that shares high sequence homology with PTPN14 but is putatively oncogenic rather than tumor-suppressive. Through the combined use of biochemical tools, we verified that HPV18 E7 and PTPN21 form a 2:2 complex, with a dissociation constant of 5 nM and a nearly identical binding manner with the HPV18 E7 and PTPN14 complex. Nevertheless, despite the structural similarities, the biological consequences of the E7 interaction were found to differ between the two PTP proteins. Unlike PTPN14, PTPN21 did not appear to be subjected to proteasomal degradation in HPV18-positive HeLa cervical cancer cells. Moreover, knockdown of PTPN21 led to retardation of the migration/invasion of HeLa cells and HPV18 E7-expressing HaCaT keratinocytes, which reflects its protumor activity. In conclusion, the associations of the viral oncoprotein E7 with PTPN14 and PTPN21 are similar at the molecular level but play different physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Seon Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Min Wook Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kyeong Sik Jin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Bonsu Ku
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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27
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Zeng R, Dong J. The Hippo Signaling Pathway in Drug Resistance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020318. [PMID: 33467099 PMCID: PMC7830227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although great breakthroughs have been made in cancer treatment following the development of targeted therapy and immune therapy, resistance against anti-cancer drugs remains one of the most challenging conundrums. Considerable effort has been made to discover the underlying mechanisms through which malignant tumor cells acquire or develop resistance to anti-cancer treatment. The Hippo signaling pathway appears to play an important role in this process. This review focuses on how components in the human Hippo signaling pathway contribute to drug resistance in a variety of cancer types. This article also summarizes current pharmacological interventions that are able to target the Hippo signaling pathway and serve as potential anti-cancer therapeutics. Abstract Chemotherapy represents one of the most efficacious strategies to treat cancer patients, bringing advantageous changes at least temporarily even to those patients with incurable malignancies. However, most patients respond poorly after a certain number of cycles of treatment due to the development of drug resistance. Resistance to drugs administrated to cancer patients greatly limits the benefits that patients can achieve and continues to be a severe clinical difficulty. Among the mechanisms which have been uncovered to mediate anti-cancer drug resistance, the Hippo signaling pathway is gaining increasing attention due to the remarkable oncogenic activities of its components (for example, YAP and TAZ) and their druggable properties. This review will highlight current understanding of how the Hippo signaling pathway regulates anti-cancer drug resistance in tumor cells, and currently available pharmacological interventions targeting the Hippo pathway to eradicate malignant cells and potentially treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jixin Dong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-559-5596; Fax: +1-402-559-4651
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28
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Olmedo-Nieva L, Muñoz-Bello JO, Manzo-Merino J, Lizano M. New insights in Hippo signalling alteration in human papillomavirus-related cancers. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109815. [PMID: 33148514 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is an etiologic factor for the development of different types of cancers, mainly attributed to the continuous expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins, which regulate several cell signalling pathways including the Hippo pathway. It has been demonstrated that E6 proteins promote the increase of the Hippo elements YAP, TAZ and TEAD, at protein level, as well as their transcriptional targets. Also, E6 and E7 oncoproteins promote nuclear YAP localization and a decrease in YAP negative regulators such as MST1, PTPN14 or SOCS6. Interestingly, Hippo signalling components modulate HPV activity, such as TEAD1 and the transcriptional co-factor VGLL1, induce the activation of HPV early and late promoters, while hyperactivation of YAP in specific cells facilitates virus infection by increasing putative HPV receptors and by evading innate immunity. Additionally, alterations in Hippo signalling elements have been found in HPV-related cancers and particularly, the involvement of HPV oncoproteins on the regulation of some of these Hippo components has been also proposed, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The present review addresses the recent findings describing the interplay between HPV and Hippo signalling in HPV-related cancers, a fact that highlights the importance of developing more in-depth studies in this field to establish key therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Olmedo-Nieva
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - J Omar Muñoz-Bello
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sede sur, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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29
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Azar WJ, Christie EL, Mitchell C, Liu DS, Au-Yeung G, Bowtell DDL. Noncanonical IL6 Signaling-Mediated Activation of YAP Regulates Cell Migration and Invasion in Ovarian Clear Cell Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4960-4971. [PMID: 32917727 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma (OCCA) is characterized by a particularly poor response to conventional chemotherapy and a short overall survival time in women with established disease. The development of targeted treatments for OCCA relies on a better understanding of its molecular characteristics. IL6 is strongly expressed in OCCA and may therefore provide a novel therapeutic target. Here we use CRISPR/Cas9 and conditional short hairpin interfering RNA to perform loss-of-function studies in human OCCA cell lines to explore the requirement for IL6 in vitro and in vivo. While reduction of IL6 expression exerted limited effects in vitro, its attenuation significantly impaired tumor growth and neovascularization in vivo. In contrast to typical signaling via STAT3, IL6 in OCCA signaled via a noncanonical pathway involving gp130, Src, and the Hippo pathway protein YAP. A high-throughput combination drug screen identified agents that enhanced cell killing following reduction of IL6 signaling. Intersection of screen hits obtained from two cell lines and orthogonal approaches to attenuation of IL6 yielded AKT and EGFR inhibitors as enhancers of the inhibitory monoclonal IL6 receptor antibody tocilizumab. This study defines for the first time the requirements for, and mechanisms of, signaling by IL6 in human OCCA cell lines and identifies potential combinatory therapeutic approaches. Given the molecular diversity of OCCA, further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to determine whether such approaches will overcome the limited efficacy of tocilizumab observed in ovarian cancer to date. SIGNIFICANCE: This study defines the requirements for and mechanisms of noncanonical signaling by IL6 in human ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma cell lines and identifies combinatory therapeutic approaches to be explored clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid J Azar
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L Christie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chris Mitchell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David S Liu
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Au-Yeung
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David D L Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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30
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Sarmasti Emami S, Zhang D, Yang X. Interaction of the Hippo Pathway and Phosphatases in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2438. [PMID: 32867200 PMCID: PMC7564220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an emerging tumor suppressor signaling pathway involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Dysregulation of different components of the Hippo signaling pathway is associated with a number of diseases including cancer. Therefore, identification of the Hippo pathway regulators and the underlying mechanism of its regulation may be useful to uncover new therapeutics for cancer therapy. The Hippo signaling pathway includes a set of kinases that phosphorylate different proteins in order to phosphorylate and inactivate its main downstream effectors, YAP and TAZ. Thus, modulating phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the Hippo components by kinases and phosphatases play critical roles in the regulation of the signaling pathway. While information regarding kinase regulation of the Hippo pathway is abundant, the role of phosphatases in regulating this pathway is just beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the most recent reports on the interaction of phosphatases and the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis. We have also introduced challenges in clarifying the role of phosphatases in the Hippo pathway and future direction of crosstalk between phosphatases and the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (D.Z.)
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31
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Liang G, Duan C, He J, Ma W, Dai X. PTPN14, a target gene of miR-4295, restricts the growth and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through inactivation of YAP1 signalling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1301-1310. [PMID: 32141101 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase 14 (PTPN14) has emerged as a novel tumour-suppressor in a wide range of human cancer types. However, the role of PTPN14 in osteosarcoma remains undetermined. In the present study, we aimed to explore the expression pattern, biological function, and regulation of PTPN14 in osteosarcoma. Low PTPN14 expression levels were detected in osteosarcoma cells, and PTPN14 overexpression markedly decreased the proliferation, colony formation, and invasive potential of osteosarcoma cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted PTPN14 as a potential target gene of microRNA-4295 (miR-4295), and this prediction was validated by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. PTPN14 expression was negatively modulated by miR-4295 in osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, PTPN14 expression was inversely correlated with miR-4295 expression in osteosarcoma tissues. Notably, miR-4295 inhibition significantly restricted the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. PTPN14 overexpression or miR-4295 inhibition increased the phosphorylation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and impeded YAP1 nuclear translocation, leading to inhibition of YAP1-mediated transcriptional activity. However, the miR-4925-inhibition-mediated antitumour effect was partially reversed by PTPN14 knockdown. Overall, these results demonstrate that PTPN14 is a miR-4295 target gene and it exerts a tumour-suppressive function in osteosarcoma cells via inactivation of YAP1. Our study uncovers a miR-4295-PTPN14-YAP1 signalling pathway that may play a crucial role in the progression of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, 521 Hospital of Norinco Group, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaopeng Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, 521 Hospital of Norinco Group, Xi'an, China
| | - June He
- 521 Hospital of Norinco Group, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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32
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Abstract
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size control, and regeneration. The core of the Hippo pathway in mammals consists of a kinase cascade, MST1/2 and LATS1/2, as well as downstream effectors, transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ. These core components of the Hippo pathway control transcriptional programs involved in cell proliferation, survival, mobility, stemness, and differentiation. The Hippo pathway is tightly regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic signals, such as mechanical force, cell-cell contact, polarity, energy status, stress, and many diffusible hormonal factors, the majority of which act through G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we review the current understanding of molecular mechanisms by which signals regulate the Hippo pathway with an emphasis on mechanotransduction and the effects of this pathway on basic biology and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
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Recent Advances of the Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathway in Brain Development and Glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:495-510. [PMID: 31768921 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is highly conserved from Drosophila melanogaster to mammals and plays a crucial role in organ size control, tissue regeneration, and tumor suppression. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) is an important transcriptional co-activator that is negatively regulated by the Hippo signaling pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway is also regulated by various upstream regulators, such as cell polarity, adhesion proteins, and other signaling pathways (the Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and MAPK pathways). Recently, accumulated evidence suggests that the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway plays important roles in central nervous system development and brain tumor, including glioma. In this review, we summarize the results of recent studies on the physiological effect of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway in neural stem cells, neural progenitor cells, and glial cells. In particular, we also focus on the expression of MST1/2, LATS1/2, and the downstream effector YAP, in glioma, and offer a review of the latest research of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway in glioma pathogenesis. Finally, we also present future research directions and potential therapeutic strategies for targeting the Hippo/YAP signaling in glioma.
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Xu X, Chen X, Xu M, Liu X, Pan B, Qin J, Xu T, Zeng K, Pan Y, He B, Sun H, Sun L, Wang S. miR-375-3p suppresses tumorigenesis and partially reverses chemoresistance by targeting YAP1 and SP1 in colorectal cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7357-7385. [PMID: 31543507 PMCID: PMC6781994 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinically, one of the principal factors in the failure of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5FU)-based chemotherapy. Although microRNA-375-3p (miR-375) is considered a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers, the mechanism of miR-375 in the regulation of drug resistance in CRC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the chemosensitivity of miR-375 to 5FU in CRC from biological and clinical aspects. We found that miR-375 was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and low miR-375 expression was strongly correlated with poor overall survival in CRC patients. Overexpression of miR-375 sensitized CRC cells to a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic analysis demonstrated that miR-375 enhanced CRC cell sensitivity to 5FU by directly targeting YAP1 and SP1. MiR-375 downregulated YAP1, resulting in reduced expression of the Hippo-YAP1 pathway downstream genes CTGF, cyclin D1 and BIRC5 (also known as survivin). Overall, miR-375 was confirmed as a prospective molecular biomarker in the chemoresistance and prognosis of CRC patients, and the synergy between miR-375 and chemotherapeutic drugs could be a promising therapeutic strategy for CRC patients, especially with chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Xu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Mu Xu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Bei Pan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jian Qin
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Tao Xu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Kaixuan Zeng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuqin Pan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Bangshun He
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
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35
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Gu L, Liu J, Xu D, Lu Y. Reciprocal Feedback Loop of the MALAT1-MicroRNA-194-YAP1 Pathway Regulates Progression of Acute Pancreatitis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6894-6904. [PMID: 31518341 PMCID: PMC6756034 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) has a high mortality rate and often has serious complications. The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway is mainly involved in cell proliferation and stem cell self-renewal. Recent studies have reported that YAP1 plays a crucial role in pancreatic cancer initiation and acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, the role of YAP1 in AP still needs to be clarified. Material/Methods To assess the role of YAP1 in the progression of AP, we established a cell model of AP in AR42J cells. AR42J, a rat pancreatic acinar cell line, was stimulated with caerulein to mimic AP-like acinar cell injury. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA to investigate the role of YAP1 in the progression of AP. Results The results showed that YAP1 and MALAT1 were the targets of miR-194 and were upregulated in caerulein-treated AR42J cells. Overexpression of MALAT1 or YAP1 can increase the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by AR42J cells, while miR-194 dramatically counteracts this enhancement effect. Conclusions Our results demonstrated a regulation loop among MATAL1, miR-194, and YAP1, which dynamically regulates the progression of AP, providing a new therapeutic target for treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gu
- Department of ICU (Intensive Care Unit), The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jingyao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of ICU (Intensive Care Unit), The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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36
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Lin Z, Yang Z, Xie R, Ji Z, Guan K, Zhang M. Decoding WW domain tandem-mediated target recognitions in tissue growth and cell polarity. eLife 2019; 8:49439. [PMID: 31486770 PMCID: PMC6744271 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
WW domain tandem-containing proteins such as KIBRA, YAP, and MAGI play critical roles in cell growth and polarity via binding to and positioning target proteins in specific subcellular regions. An immense disparity exists between promiscuity of WW domain-mediated target bindings and specific roles of WW domain proteins in cell growth regulation. Here, we discovered that WW domain tandems of KIBRA and MAGI, but not YAP, bind to specific target proteins with extremely high affinity and exquisite sequence specificity. Via systematic structural biology and biochemistry approaches, we decoded the target binding rules of WW domain tandems from cell growth regulatory proteins and uncovered a list of previously unknown WW tandem binding proteins including β-Dystroglycan, JCAD, and PTPN21. The WW tandem-mediated target recognition mechanisms elucidated here can guide functional studies of WW domain proteins in cell growth and polarity as well as in other cellular processes including neuronal synaptic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Lin
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruiling Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyang Ji
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kunliang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
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37
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Hsu PC, Jablons DM, Yang CT, You L. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Pathway, Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and the Regulation of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153821. [PMID: 31387256 PMCID: PMC6695603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is a well-studied oncogenic pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A subset of advanced NSCLC patients (15–55%) have EGFR-driven mutations and benefit from treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the PD-1/PDL-1 axis are a new anti-cancer therapy for metastatic NSCLC. The anti-PD-1/PDL-1 ICIs showed promising efficacy (~30% response rate) and improved the survival of patients with metastatic NSCLC, but the role of anti-PD-1/PDL-1 ICIs for EGFR mutant NSCLC is not clear. YAP (yes-associated protein) is the main mediator of the Hippo pathway and has been identified as promoting cancer progression, drug resistance, and metastasis in NSCLC. Here, we review recent studies that examined the correlation between the EGFR, YAP pathways, and PD-L1 and demonstrate the mechanism by which EGFR and YAP regulate PD-L1 expression in human NSCLC. About 50% of EGFR mutant NSCLC patients acquire resistance to EGFR-TKIs without known targetable secondary mutations. Targeting YAP therapy is suggested as a potential treatment for NSCLC with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Future work should focus on the efficacy of YAP inhibitors in combination with immune checkpoint PD-L1/PD-1 blockade in EGFR mutant NSCLC without targetable resistant mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - David M Jablons
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Liang You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
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38
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Szelachowska J, Donizy P, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Halon A, Zielecka-Debska D, Lichon K, Maciejczyk A, Lata-Wozniak E, Piotrowska A, Matkowski R. The effect of YAP expression in tumor cells and tumor stroma on the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity floor and oral surface of the tongue. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3561-3570. [PMID: 31579068 PMCID: PMC6757271 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic prognostic factors, such as clinical advancement of the disease and histological grade of the tumor, continue to have a decisive role in the selection of therapeutic strategy in patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity floor and oral surface of the tongue (OCC). YAP1/Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif, WWTR1 (TAZ) proteins, appear to be promising markers that may be used to develop personalized therapies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the associations between the levels of YAP, TAZ and tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14) and to determine whether the increased expression of YAP and TAZ had an effect on tumor cell proliferation, as determined by minichromosome maintenance 7, DNA replication licensing factor 7 expression. Their prognostic value was also assessed. In total, 127 patients who underwent radical surgery and were subjected to adjuvant radiation therapy due to squamous cell OCC were enrolled in the present study. The results demonstrated an evident effect as YAP expression increased in cancer-associated fibroblasts, which induced unfavorable prognosis in patients. In addition, a positive association between proliferation in cancer cells and YAP expression in stromal cells was observed. A lack of YAP expression in the cytoplasm of tumor cells was a factor for poor prognosis with regard to disease-free survival and disease specific survival. No statistically significant correlations between YAP and TAZ expression and PTPN14 expression were identified, nor was a correlation between cell proliferation and the presence of YAP and TAZ in tumor cells observed. The results indicated that YAP expression levels may support the development of personalized therapies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Szelachowska
- Department of Oncology, Gynaecological Oncology Clinic, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Zielecka-Debska
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Clinic of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Lichon
- Department of Oncology, Gynaecological Oncology Clinic, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Maciejczyk
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Lata-Wozniak
- Department of Oncology, Gynaecological Oncology Clinic, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Histology and Embryology Division, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Clinic of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
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39
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Yun HY, Kim MW, Lee HS, Kim W, Shin JH, Kim H, Shin HC, Park H, Oh BH, Kim WK, Bae KH, Lee SC, Lee EW, Ku B, Kim SJ. Structural basis for recognition of the tumor suppressor protein PTPN14 by the oncoprotein E7 of human papillomavirus. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000367. [PMID: 31323018 PMCID: PMC6668832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causative agents of various diseases associated with cellular hyperproliferation, including cervical cancer, one of the most prevalent tumors in women. E7 is one of the two HPV-encoded oncoproteins and directs recruitment and subsequent degradation of tumor-suppressive proteins such as retinoblastoma protein (pRb) via its LxCxE motif. E7 also triggers tumorigenesis in a pRb-independent pathway through its C-terminal domain, which has yet been largely undetermined, with a lack of structural information in a complex form with a host protein. Herein, we present the crystal structure of the E7 C-terminal domain of HPV18 belonging to the high-risk HPV genotypes bound to the catalytic domain of human nonreceptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase 14 (PTPN14). They interact directly and potently with each other, with a dissociation constant of 18.2 nM. Ensuing structural analysis revealed the molecular basis of the PTPN14-binding specificity of E7 over other protein tyrosine phosphatases and also led to the identification of PTPN21 as a direct interacting partner of E7. Disruption of HPV18 E7 binding to PTPN14 by structure-based mutagenesis impaired E7’s ability to promote keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Likewise, E7 binding-defective PTPN14 was resistant for degradation via proteasome, and it was much more effective than wild-type PTPN14 in attenuating the activity of downstream effectors of Hippo signaling and negatively regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion when examined in HPV18-positive HeLa cells. These results therefore demonstrated the significance and therapeutic potential of the intermolecular interaction between HPV E7 and host PTPN14 in HPV-mediated cell transformation and tumorigenesis. Human papillomaviruses cause various diseases associated with cellular hyperproliferation, including cervical cancer. Structural, biochemical, and cellular analyses reveal the molecular basis and significance of the intermolecular interaction between the E7 protein of human papillomavirus 18 and the human tumor suppressor protein PTPN14.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/chemistry
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Domains
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/chemistry
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/metabolism
- Retinoblastoma Protein/chemistry
- Retinoblastoma Protein/genetics
- Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeoung Yun
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Wook Kim
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seon Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Shin
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
| | - Bonsu Ku
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
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40
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White EA. Manipulation of Epithelial Differentiation by HPV Oncoproteins. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040369. [PMID: 31013597 PMCID: PMC6549445 DOI: 10.3390/v11040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses replicate and cause disease in stratified squamous epithelia. Epithelial differentiation is essential for the progression of papillomavirus replication, but differentiation is also impaired by papillomavirus-encoded proteins. The papillomavirus E6 and E7 oncoproteins partially inhibit and/or delay epithelial differentiation and some of the mechanisms by which they do so are beginning to be defined. This review will outline the key features of the relationship between HPV infection and differentiation and will summarize the data indicating that papillomaviruses alter epithelial differentiation. It will describe what is known so far and will highlight open questions about the differentiation-inhibitory mechanisms employed by the papillomaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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41
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PTPN14 degradation by high-risk human papillomavirus E7 limits keratinocyte differentiation and contributes to HPV-mediated oncogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7033-7042. [PMID: 30894485 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1819534116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 proteins enable oncogenic transformation of HPV-infected cells by inactivating host cellular proteins. High-risk but not low-risk HPV E7 target PTPN14 for proteolytic degradation, suggesting that PTPN14 degradation may be related to their oncogenic activity. HPV infects human keratinocytes but the role of PTPN14 in keratinocytes and the consequences of PTPN14 degradation are unknown. Using an HPV16 E7 variant that can inactivate retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB1) but cannot degrade PTPN14, we found that high-risk HPV E7-mediated PTPN14 degradation impairs keratinocyte differentiation. Deletion of PTPN14 from primary human keratinocytes decreased keratinocyte differentiation gene expression. Related to oncogenic transformation, both HPV16 E7-mediated PTPN14 degradation and PTPN14 deletion promoted keratinocyte survival following detachment from a substrate. PTPN14 degradation contributed to high-risk HPV E6/E7-mediated immortalization of primary keratinocytes and HPV+ but not HPV- cancers exhibit a gene-expression signature consistent with PTPN14 inactivation. We find that PTPN14 degradation impairs keratinocyte differentiation and propose that this contributes to high-risk HPV E7-mediated oncogenic activity independent of RB1 inactivation.
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42
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Ko T, Li S. Genome-wide screening identifies novel genes and biological processes implicated in cisplatin resistance. FASEB J 2019; 33:7143-7154. [PMID: 30844312 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801534rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimens are frequently used for treatments of solid tumors. However, tumor cells may have inherent or acquired cisplatin resistance, and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We performed genome-wide screening of genes implicated in cisplatin resistance in A375 human melanoma cells. A substantial fraction of genes whose disruptions cause cisplatin sensitivity or resistance overlap with those whose disruptions lead to increased or decreased cell growth, respectively. Protein translation, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly, signal recognition particle-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, and mRNA catabolic processes are the top biologic processes responsible for cisplatin sensitivity. In contrast, proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process, negative regulations of cellular catabolic process, and regulation of cellular protein localization are the top biologic processes responsible for cisplatin resistance. ZNRF3, a ubiquitin ligase known to be a target and negative feedback regulator of Wnt-β-catenin signaling, enhances cisplatin resistance in normal and melanoma cells independently of β-catenin. Ariadne-1 homolog (ARIH1), another ubiquitin ligase, also enhances cisplatin resistance in normal and melanoma cells. By regulating ARIH1, neurofibromin 2, a tumor suppressor, enhances cisplatin resistance in melanoma but not normal cells. Our results shed new lights on cisplatin resistance mechanisms and may be useful for development of cisplatin-related treatment strategies.-Ko, T., Li, S. Genome-wide screening identifies novel genes and biological processes implicated in cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu Ko
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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43
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Bottini A, Wu DJ, Ai R, Le Roux M, Bartok B, Bombardieri M, Doody KM, Zhang V, Sacchetti C, Zoccheddu M, Lonic A, Li X, Boyle DL, Hammaker D, Meng TC, Liu L, Corr M, Stanford SM, Lewis M, Wang W, Firestein GS, Khew-Goodall Y, Pitzalis C, Bottini N. PTPN14 phosphatase and YAP promote TGFβ signalling in rheumatoid synoviocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:600-609. [PMID: 30808624 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to understand the role of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14-which in cancer cells modulates the Hippo pathway by retaining YAP in the cytosol-in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Gene/protein expression levels were measured by quantitative PCR and/or Western blotting. Gene knockdown in RA FLS was achieved using antisense oligonucleotides. The interaction between PTPN14 and YAP was assessed by immunoprecipitation. The cellular localisation of YAP and SMAD3 was examined via immunofluorescence. SMAD reporter studies were carried out in HEK293T cells. The RA FLS/cartilage coimplantation and passive K/BxN models were used to examine the role of YAP in arthritis. RESULTS RA FLS displayed overexpression of PTPN14 when compared with FLS from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). PTPN14 knockdown in RA FLS impaired TGFβ-dependent expression of MMP13 and potentiation of TNF signalling. In RA FLS, PTPN14 formed a complex with YAP. Expression of PTPN14 or nuclear YAP-but not of a non-YAP-interacting PTPN14 mutant-enhanced SMAD reporter activity. YAP promoted TGFβ-dependent SMAD3 nuclear localisation in RA FLS. Differences in epigenetic marks within Hippo pathway genes, including YAP, were found between RA FLS and OA FLS. Inhibition of YAP reduced RA FLS pathogenic behaviour and ameliorated arthritis severity. CONCLUSION In RA FLS, PTPN14 and YAP promote nuclear localisation of SMAD3. YAP enhances a range of RA FLS pathogenic behaviours which, together with epigenetic evidence, points to the Hippo pathway as an important regulator of RA FLS behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Bottini
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dennis J Wu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Le Roux
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Beatrix Bartok
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen M Doody
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vida Zhang
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cristiano Sacchetti
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina Zoccheddu
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ana Lonic
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David L Boyle
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Deepa Hammaker
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tzu-Ching Meng
- Institute for Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin Liu
- Dept. of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maripat Corr
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephanie M Stanford
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Myles Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wei Wang
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yeesim Khew-Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA .,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Theodosakis N, Langdon CG, Micevic G, Krykbaeva I, Means RE, Stern DF, Bosenberg MW. Inhibition of isoprenylation synergizes with MAPK blockade to prevent growth in treatment-resistant melanoma, colorectal, and lung cancer. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2018; 32:292-302. [PMID: 30281931 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins, as an adjunctive to BRAF and MEK inhibition as a treatment in melanomas and other tumors with driver mutations in the MAPK pathway. Experiments used simvastatin in conjunction with vemurafenib and selumetinib in vitro and simvastatin with vemurafenib in vivo to demonstrate additional growth abrogation beyond MAPK blockade alone. Additional studies demonstrated that statin anti-tumor effects appeared to depend on inhibition of isoprenoid synthesis given rescue with add-back of downstream metabolites. Ultimately, we concluded that statins represent a possible useful adjunctive therapy in MAPK-driven tumors when given with current approved targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Casey G Langdon
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Goran Micevic
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Irina Krykbaeva
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert E Means
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David F Stern
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marcus W Bosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Abstract
In contrast to normal cells, which use the aerobic oxidation of glucose as their main energy production method, cancer cells prefer to use anaerobic glycolysis to maintain their growth and survival, even under normoxic conditions. Such tumor cell metabolic reprogramming is regulated by factors such as hypoxia and the tumor microenvironment. In addition, dysregulation of certain signaling pathways also contributes to cancer metabolic reprogramming. Among them, the Hippo signaling pathway is a highly conserved tumor suppressor pathway. The core oncosuppressive kinase cascade of Hippo pathway inhibits the nuclear transcriptional co-activators YAP and TAZ, which are the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway and oncogenic factors in many solid cancers. YAP/TAZ function as key nodes of multiple signaling pathways and play multiple regulatory roles in cancer cells. However, their roles in cancer metabolic reprograming are less clear. In the present review, we examine progress in research into the regulatory mechanisms of YAP/TAZ on glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, mevalonate metabolism, and glutamine metabolism in cancer cells. Determining the roles of YAP/TAZ in tumor energy metabolism, particularly in relation to the tumor microenvironment, will provide new strategies and targets for the selective therapy of metabolism-related cancers.
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46
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Shibata M, Ham K, Hoque MO. A time for YAP1: Tumorigenesis, immunosuppression and targeted therapy. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2133-2144. [PMID: 29696628 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
YAP1 is one of the most important effectors of the Hippo pathway and has crosstalk with other cancer promoting pathways. YAP1 contributes to cancer development in various ways that include promoting malignant phenotypes, expansion of cancer stem cells and drug resistance of cancer cells. Because pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of YAP1 suppresses tumor progression and increases the drug sensitivity, targeting YAP1 may open a fertile avenue for a novel therapeutic approach in relevant cancers. Recent enormous studies have established the efficacy of immunotherapy, and several immune checkpoint blockades are in clinical use or in the phase of development to treat various cancer types. Immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) induced by cancer cells, immune cells and associated stromal cells promotes tumor progression and causes drug resistance. Accumulated evidences of scientific efforts from the last few years suggest that YAP1 influences macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T-cells to facilitate immunosuppressive TME. Although the underlying mechanisms is not clearly discerned, it is evident that YAP1 activating pathways in different cellular components induce immunosuppressive TME. In this review, we summarize the evidences involved in the dual roles of YAP1 in cancer development and immunosuppression in the TME. We also discuss the possibility of YAP1 as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shibata
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kendall Ham
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mohammad Obaidul Hoque
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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47
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Moon S, Yeon Park S, Woo Park H. Regulation of the Hippo pathway in cancer biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2303-2319. [PMID: 29602952 PMCID: PMC11105795 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, which is well conserved from Drosophila to humans, has emerged as the master regulator of organ size, as well as major cellular properties, such as cell proliferation, survival, stemness, and tissue homeostasis. The biological significance and deregulation of the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis have received a surge of interest in the past decade. In the current review, we present the major discoveries that made substantial contributions to our understanding of the Hippo pathway and discuss how Hippo pathway components contribute to cellular signaling, physiology, and their potential implications in anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Chen X, Xu X, Li W, Sun B, Yan J, Chen C, Liu J, Qian J, Sun D. Effective Drug Carrier Based on Polyethylenimine-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose with Controllable Release Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun Yan
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
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49
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Yes-associated protein enhances proliferation and attenuates sensitivity to cisplatin in human gastric cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1269-1275. [PMID: 30021363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yes-associated protein (YAP) is upregulated in many cancer types, and its overexpression is involved in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of YAP in the development and progression of gastric cancer. METHODS YAP levels were analyzed in human gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Potential roles of YAP in regulating gastric cancer cell proliferation and sensitivity to cisplatin were examined by genetic manipulation in vitro. The molecular signaling was determined to understand the mechanisms of observed YAP effects. RESULTS YAP level was higher in gastric cancer tissues as compared to paired normal tissues. Knockdown of YAP attenuated gastric cancer cell proliferation and enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro while YAP overexpression possessed the opposite effects. YAP regulated Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and its downstream AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION YAP enhances gastric cancer cell proliferation and attenuates sensitivity to cisplatin potentially through targeting the EGFR signaling, indicating that YAP/EGFR signaling axis may serve as a potential target for treatment of gastric cancer.
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50
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Oku Y, Nishiya N, Tazawa T, Kobayashi T, Umezawa N, Sugawara Y, Uehara Y. Augmentation of the therapeutic efficacy of WEE1 kinase inhibitor AZD1775 by inhibiting the YAP-E2F1-DNA damage response pathway axis. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1001-1012. [PMID: 29928579 PMCID: PMC5986022 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The main reasons for failure of cancer chemotherapy are intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. The Hippo pathway effector Yes‐associated protein (YAP) is associated with resistance to both cytotoxic and molecular targeted drugs. Several lines of evidence indicate that YAP activates transcriptional programmes to promote cell cycle progression and DNA damage responses. Therefore, we hypothesised that YAP is involved in the sensitivity of cancer cells to small‐molecule agents targeting cell cycle‐related proteins. Here, we report that the inactivation of YAP sensitises the OVCAR‐8 ovarian cancer cell line to AZD1775, a small‐molecule WEE1 kinase inhibitor. The accumulation of DNA damage and mitotic failures induced by AZD1775‐based therapy were further enhanced by YAP depletion. YAP depletion reduced the expression of the Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway components required for DNA repair and their transcriptional regulator E2F1. These results suggest that YAP activates the DNA damage response pathway, exemplified by the FA pathway and E2F1. Furthermore, we aimed to apply this finding to combination chemotherapy against ovarian cancers. The regimen containing dasatinib, which inhibits the nuclear localisation of YAP, improved the response to AZD1775‐based therapy in the OVCAR‐8 ovarian cancer cell line. We propose that dasatinib acts as a chemosensitiser for a subset of molecular targeted drugs, including AZD1775, by targeting YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Oku
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Naoyuki Nishiya
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Takaaki Tazawa
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Takaya Kobayashi
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Nanami Umezawa
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Yasuyo Sugawara
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Uehara
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences Iwate Medical University School of Pharmacy Yahaba-cho Japan
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