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Jha K, Kumar A, Bhatnagar K, Patra A, Bhavesh NS, Singh B, Chaudhary S. Modulation of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) interaction with their binding partners in cancers through acetylation and phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195003. [PMID: 37992989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.195003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of transcription factors regulate transcriptional activity and play a key role in essentially all biological processes and generate indispensable insight towards biological function including activity state, subcellular localization, protein solubility, protein folding, substrate trafficking, and protein-protein interactions. Amino acids modified chemically via PTMs, function as molecular switches and affect the protein function and characterization and increase the proteome complexity. Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) control essential cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, programmed cell death and various cancer-relevant processes. We investigated the interactions of KLF group-2 members with their binding partners to assess the role of acetylation and phosphorylation in KLFs on their binding affinity. It was observed that acetylation and phosphorylation at different positions in KLFs have a variable effect on binding with specific partners. KLF2-EP300, KLF4-SP1, KLF6-ATF3, KLF6-JUN, and KLF7-JUN show stabilization upon acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions. On the other hand, KLF4-CBP, KLF4-EP300, KLF5-CBP, KLF5-WWP1, KLF6-SP1, and KLF7-ATF3 show stabilization or destabilization due to acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions in KLFs. This provides a molecular explanation of the experimentally observed dual role of KLF group-2 members as a suppressor or activator of cancers in a PTM-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Kartik Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Anupam Patra
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Neel Sarovar Bhavesh
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Bipin Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India; Centre for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Bahadurpally, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, Telangana 500043, India.
| | - Sarika Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
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Wang X, Luo L, Xu J, Lu Q, Xia H, Huang Y, Zhang L, Xie L, Jiwa H, Liang S, Luo X, Luo J. Echinatin inhibits tumor growth and synergizes with chemotherapeutic agents against human bladder cancer cells by activating p38 and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Genes Dis 2024; 11:1050-1065. [PMID: 37692489 PMCID: PMC10491917 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the urinary system. Due to the poor prognosis and high mortality rate of the disease, it is urgent to develop new drugs with high efficacy and low toxicity to treat BC. Echinatin (Ecn) is a bioactive natural flavonoid oflicorice that has attracted special attention for its promising anti-tumor potential. Herein, we explored the inhibitory effects of Echinatin on BC cells and probed the possible molecular mechanism. We found that Ecnin vitro inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion, arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and promoted apoptosis in BC cells. Besides, Ecn had no notable cytotoxicity towards human normal cells. We subsequently confirmed that Ecn restrained xenograft tumor growth and metastasis of BC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, Ecn activated the p38 signaling pathway but inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, while over-expression of β-catenin and the p38 inhibitor both attenuated the inhibitory effects of Ecn on BC cells. Remarkably, Ecn combined with cisplatin (DDP) or gemcitabine (Gem) had synergistic inhibitory effects on BC cells. In summary, our results validate that Ecn inhibits the tumor growth of human BC cells via p38 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. More meaningfully, our results suggest a potential strategy to enhance DDP- or Gem-induced inhibitory effects on BC cells by combining with Ecn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Qiuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haichao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Habu Jiwa
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Shiqiong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Prediction of Potential Biomarkers in Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Platelet RNA Sequencing. Mol Biotechnol 2022:10.1007/s12033-022-00611-z. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEarly diagnosis is essential for the treatment and prevention of nasopharyngeal cancer. However, there is a lack of effective biological indicators for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Therefore, we explored the potential biomarkers in tumour-educated blood platelet (TEP) RNA in early NPC. Platelets were isolated from blood plasma and their RNA was extracted. High-throughput sequenced data from a total of 33 plasma samples were analysed using DESeq2 to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the DEGs were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA), gene ontology (GO) analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis; and Cytoscape, TargetScan, and miRanda software were used for inferring the competing endogenous RNA network. We identified 19 long non-coding (lnc) RNAs (DElncRNAs) and 248 mRNAs (DEmRNAs) that were differentially expressed in the TEP RNA. In addition, SELP gene mRNA and lncRNAs AC092135.3, AC012358.2, AL021807.1, AP001972.5, and GPX1 were found to be down-regulated DEmRNA and DElncRNAs in the early stage of NPC. Bioinformatic analysis showed that these DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs may be involved in regulating the pathogenesis of NPC. Our research may provide new insights for exploring the biological mechanisms of NPC and early diagnosis using potential biomarkers.
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Xu H, Chen G, Niu Q, Song K, Feng Z, Han Z. SKA3 promotes cell growth via the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β and PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathways and is a potential prognostic biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:599-614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen Z, Wu W, Zheng C, Lan Y, Xie H, Xie Z. KLF6 facilitates differentiation of odontoblasts through modulating the expression of P21 in vitro. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:20. [PMID: 35422483 PMCID: PMC9010434 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in odontogenesis and dental tissue renewal, but the details of these mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we investigated the expression patterns of a transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), during the development of murine tooth germ and its function in odontoblastic differentiation. KLF6 was almost ubiquitously expressed in odontoblasts at various stages, and it was co-expressed with P21 (to varying degrees) in mouse dental germ. To determine the function of Klf6, overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in a mouse dental papilla cell line (iMDP-3). Klf6 functioned as a promoter of odontoblastic differentiation and inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression of iMDP-3 through p21 upregulation. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that Klf6 directly activates p21 transcription. Additionally, the in vivo study showed that KLF6 and P21 were also co-expressed in odontoblasts around the reparative dentin. In conclusion, Klf6 regulates the transcriptional activity of p21, thus promoting the cell proliferation to odontoblastic differentiation transition in vitro. This study provides a theoretical basis for odontoblast differentiation and the formation of reparative dentine regeneration.
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Zakeri S, Aminian H, Sadeghi S, Esmaeilzadeh-Gharehdaghi E, Razmara E. Krüppel-like factors in bone biology. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110308. [PMID: 35301064 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The krüppel-like factor (KLF) family is a group of zinc finger transcription factors and contributes to different cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. While different studies show the roles of this family in skeletal development-specifically in chondrocyte and osteocyte development and bone homeostasis-there are few reviews summarizing their importance. To fill this gap, this review discusses current knowledge on different functions of the KLF family during skeletal development, including their roles in stem cell maintenance and differentiation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle. To understand the importance of the KLF family, we also review genotype-phenotype correlations in different animal models. We also discuss how KLF proteins function through different signaling pathways and display their paramount importance in skeletal development. To highlight their roles in cartilage- or bone-related cells, we also use single-cell RNA sequencing publicly available data on mouse hindlimb. We also challenge our knowledge of how the KLF family is epigenetically regulated-e.g., using DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs-during chondrocyte and osteocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Zakeri
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hesam Aminian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Nour Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheila Sadeghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kurdistan, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Vann CG, Zhang X, Khodabukus A, Orenduff MC, Chen YH, Corcoran DL, Truskey GA, Bursac N, Kraus VB. Differential microRNA profiles of intramuscular and secreted extracellular vesicles in human tissue-engineered muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:937899. [PMID: 36091396 PMCID: PMC9452896 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.937899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise affects the expression of microRNAs (miR/s) and muscle-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). To evaluate sarcoplasmic and secreted miR expression in human skeletal muscle in response to exercise-mimetic contractile activity, we utilized a three-dimensional tissue-engineered model of human skeletal muscle ("myobundles"). Myobundles were subjected to three culture conditions: no electrical stimulation (CTL), chronic low frequency stimulation (CLFS), or intermittent high frequency stimulation (IHFS) for 7 days. RNA was isolated from myobundles and from extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by myobundles into culture media; miR abundance was analyzed by miRNA-sequencing. We used edgeR and a within-sample design to evaluate differential miR expression and Pearson correlation to evaluate correlations between myobundle and EV populations within treatments with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Numerous miRs were differentially expressed between myobundles and EVs; 116 miRs were differentially expressed within CTL, 3 within CLFS, and 2 within IHFS. Additionally, 25 miRs were significantly correlated (18 in CTL, 5 in CLFS, 2 in IHFS) between myobundles and EVs. Electrical stimulation resulted in differential expression of 8 miRs in myobundles and only 1 miR in EVs. Several KEGG pathways, known to play a role in regulation of skeletal muscle, were enriched, with differentially overrepresented miRs between myobundle and EV populations identified using miEAA. Together, these results demonstrate that in vitro exercise-mimetic contractile activity of human engineered muscle affects both their expression of miRs and number of secreted EVs. These results also identify novel miRs of interest for future studies of the role of exercise in organ-organ interactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Vann
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Melissa C Orenduff
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yu-Hsiu Chen
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David L Corcoran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Virginia B Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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8
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Guo F, Du J, Liu L, Gou Y, Zhang M, Sun W, Yu H, Fu X. lncRNA OR3A4 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer Through KLF6 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:727876. [PMID: 34776953 PMCID: PMC8578722 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.727876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Ovarian cancer is a collaborative malignant tumor of the female reproductive system in clinical research. Some clinical studies have shown that OR3A4, which is a cancer-causing lncRNA, plays a major role in promoting the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. And we also expressed the view that it expressed in ovarian tissue. However, the function of OR3A4 in ovarian cancer remains unclear. Methods and Results: To further verify the function of lncRNA OR3A4 in ovarian cancer, we established the xenograft model in the zebra fish. In this study, cells transformed with OR3A4 shRNA plasmids were transplanted into the zebra fish, and the cell proliferation and migration ability were significantly reduced compared to the empty vector. While knocking out OR3A4, we further downregulated its expression by siRNA of KLF6. Our study found that the knocked out OR3A4 resulted in a decrease in cell proliferation and migration level, which can be found in the downregulated expression of KLF6. We also verify the relationship between OR3A4 and circulating tumor cells in the zebra fish xenograft model, the results indicate that lncRNA OR3A4 may be involved in the resistance of ovarian cancer to complain. Conclusion: lncRNA OR3A4 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer through the KLF6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Guo
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Yawei Gou
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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LncRNAs in the Regulation of Genes and Signaling Pathways through miRNA-Mediated and Other Mechanisms in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011193. [PMID: 34681854 PMCID: PMC8539140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental novelty in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was discovered as a result of the recent identification of the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we discuss several mechanisms for the dysregulation of the expression of protein-coding genes initiated by lncRNAs in the most common and aggressive type of kidney cancer-clear cell RCC (ccRCC). A model of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is considered, in which lncRNA acts on genes through the lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis. For the most studied oncogenic lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, MALAT1, and TUG1, several regulatory axes were identified in ccRCC, demonstrating a number of sites for various miRNAs. Interestingly, the LINC00973/miR-7109/Siglec-15 axis represents a novel agent that can suppress the immune response in patients with ccRCC, serving as a valuable target in addition to the PD1/PD-L1 pathway. Other mechanisms of action of lncRNAs in ccRCC, involving direct binding with proteins, mRNAs, and genes/DNA, are also considered. Our review briefly highlights methods by which various mechanisms of action of lncRNAs were verified. We pay special attention to protein targets and signaling pathways with which lncRNAs are associated in ccRCC. Thus, these new data on the different mechanisms of lncRNA functioning provide a novel basis for understanding the pathogenesis of ccRCC and the identification of new prognostic markers and targets for therapy.
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Yang Y, Chan WK. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta Regulates the Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Cellular Content and Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116097. [PMID: 34198826 PMCID: PMC8201391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a cytosolic receptor which is involved in diverse cellular events in humans. The most well-characterized function of AHR is its ability to upregulate gene transcription after exposure to its ligands, such as environmental toxicants, dietary antioxidants, drugs, and endogenous ligands. The cellular content of AHR is partly controlled by its degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome system and the lysosome-dependent autophagy. We used human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells to investigate how AHR undergoes protein degradation and how its activity is modulated. Since the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β)-mediated phosphorylation can trigger protein degradation and substrates of GSK3β contain stretches of serine/threonine residues which can be found in AHR, we examined whether degradation and activity of AHR can be controlled by GSK3β. We observed that AHR undergoes the GSK3β-dependent, LC3-mediated lysosomal degradation without ligand treatment. The AHR can be phosphorylated in a GSK3β-dependent manner at three putative sites (S436/S440/S444, S689/S693/T697, and S723/S727/T731), which leads to lysosomal degradation of the AHR protein. Inhibition of the GSK3β activity suppresses the ligand-activated transcription of an AHR target gene in HeLa, human liver cancer (Hep3B), and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Collectively, our findings support that phosphorylation of AHR by GSK3β is essential for the optimal activation of its target gene transcription and this phosphorylation may partake as an “off” switch by subjecting the receptor to lysosomal degradation.
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He R, Du S, Lei T, Xie X, Wang Y. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β in tumorigenesis and oncotherapy (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2373-2385. [PMID: 33125126 PMCID: PMC7610307 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK 3β), a multifunctional serine and threonine kinase, plays a critical role in a variety of cellular activities, including signaling transduction, protein and glycogen metabolism, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. Therefore, aberrant regulation of GSK 3β results in a broad range of human diseases, such as tumors, diabetes, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested that GSK 3β is correlated with tumorigenesis and progression. However, GSK 3β is controversial due to its bifacial roles of tumor suppression and activation. In addition, overexpression of GSK 3β is involved in tumor growth, whereas it contributes to the cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of GSK 3β in tumorigenesis remain obscure and require further in‑depth investigation. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the roles of GSK 3β in tumorigenesis and oncotherapy, and focus on its potentials as an available target in oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Union, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Suya Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Dexamethasone Inhibits TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through c-FLIP(L) Upregulation and DR5 Downregulation by GSK3β Activation in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102901. [PMID: 33050333 PMCID: PMC7600459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dexamethasone (DEX) is commonly used as immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic agent. The effects of DEX on cell death is different, depending on cell types and stimuli. Here, we found that DEX inhibited tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cell death in cancer cells. Upregulation of c-FLIP(L) and downregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5) play a critical role in anti-apoptotic effects of DEX in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. DEX upregulated c-FLIP(L) expression at the transcriptional levels through the GSK-3β signaling pathway. Furthermore, DEX also modulated protein stability of DR5 via the GSK-3β/Cbl axis-mediated ubiquitin–proteasome system. Therefore, DEX-induced GSK3β activation plays a critical role in the modulation of c-FLIP(L) and DR5. This finding suggests that DEX reduced effects of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells. Abstract Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is commonly used as immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic agent. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of DEX on the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. We found that upregulation of c-FLIP(L) and downregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5; receptor for TRAIL ligand) contribute to the anti-apoptotic effect of DEX on TRAIL-induced apoptosis. DEX increased c-FLIP(L) expression at the transcriptional levels through the GSK-3β signaling pathway. The pharmacological inhibitor and catalytic mutant of GSK-3β suppressed DEX-induced upregulation of c-FLIP(L) expression. Furthermore, GSK-3β specific inhibitor markedly abolished DEX-mediated reduction of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human renal cancer cells (Caki-1 and A498), human lung cancer cells (A549), and human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB361). In addition, DEX decreased protein stability of DR5 via GSK-3β-mediated upregulation of Cbl, an E3 ligase of DR5. Knockdown of Cbl by siRNA markedly inhibited DEX-induced DR5 downregulation. Taken together, these results suggest that DEX inhibits TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via GSK-3β-mediated DR5 downregulation and c-FLIP(L) upregulation in cancer cells.
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Syafruddin SE, Mohtar MA, Wan Mohamad Nazarie WF, Low TY. Two Sides of the Same Coin: The Roles of KLF6 in Physiology and Pathophysiology. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101378. [PMID: 32998281 PMCID: PMC7601070 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) family of proteins control several key biological processes that include proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and inflammation. Dysregulation of KLF functions have been shown to disrupt cellular homeostasis and contribute to disease development. KLF6 is a relevant example; a range of functional and expression assays suggested that the dysregulation of KLF6 contributes to the onset of cancer, inflammation-associated diseases as well as cardiovascular diseases. KLF6 expression is either suppressed or elevated depending on the disease, and this is largely due to alternative splicing events producing KLF6 isoforms with specialised functions. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the known aspects of KLF6 biology that covers the gene and protein architecture, gene regulation, post-translational modifications and functions of KLF6 in health and diseases. We put special emphasis on the equivocal roles of its full-length and spliced variants. We also deliberate on the therapeutic strategies of KLF6 and its associated signalling pathways. Finally, we provide compelling basic and clinical questions to enhance the knowledge and research on elucidating the roles of KLF6 in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful E. Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9145-9040
| | - M. Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
| | - Wan Fahmi Wan Mohamad Nazarie
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia;
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
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14
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Wang Q, Mu L, Xi H, Zhang C, Yuan J, Zhu M, Li M. Upregulated miRNA-543 promotes the proliferation and migration of gastric carcinoma by downregulating KLF6. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5789-5796. [PMID: 33042458 PMCID: PMC7540122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to uncover the potential function of MicroRNA-543 (miRNA-543) in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma and the possible mechanism. MiRNA-543 levels in gastric carcinoma tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Regulatory effects of miRNA-543 on proliferative and migratory abilities of AGS and MKN45 cells were assessed. The downstream target of miRNA-543 was predicted by online bioinformatics and verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. At last, rescue experiments were carried out to uncover the interaction between miRNA-543 and Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) in the progression of gastric carcinoma. MiRNA-543 was upregulated in gastric carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Particularly, gastric carcinoma patients with advanced stage or positive metastasis expressed higher abundance of miRNA-543. Overexpression of miRNA-543 promoted proliferative ability in gastric carcinoma, manifesting as increased viability, EdU-positive ratio and migratory cell number in AGS and MKN45 cells. KLF6 was proved to be the downstream target of miRNA-543. Both mRNA and protein levels of KLF6 were negatively regulated by miRNA-543 in gastric carcinoma cells. Silence of KLF6 was able to reverse the regulatory effects of miRNA-543 inhibitor on proliferative and migratory abilities in gastric carcinoma. MiRNA-543 is highly expressed in gastric carcinoma. It accelerates gastric carcinoma cells to proliferate and migrate by negatively regulating KLF6 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Lihua Mu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Hongqing Xi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Pathology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
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15
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Nieto Moreno N, Villafañez F, Giono LE, Cuenca C, Soria G, Muñoz MJ, Kornblihtt AR. GSK-3 is an RNA polymerase II phospho-CTD kinase. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:6068-6080. [PMID: 32374842 PMCID: PMC7293024 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously found that UV-induced DNA damage causes hyperphosphorylation of the carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), inhibition of transcriptional elongation and changes in alternative splicing (AS) due to kinetic coupling between transcription and splicing. In an unbiased search for protein kinases involved in the AS response to DNA damage, we have identified glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) as an unforeseen participant. Unlike Cdk9 inhibition, GSK-3 inhibition only prevents CTD hyperphosphorylation triggered by UV but not basal phosphorylation. This effect is not due to differential degradation of the phospho-CTD isoforms and can be reproduced, at the AS level, by overexpression of a kinase-dead GSK-3 dominant negative mutant. GSK-3 inhibition abrogates both the reduction in RNAPII elongation and changes in AS elicited by UV. We show that GSK-3 phosphorylates the CTD in vitro, but preferentially when the substrate is previously phosphorylated, consistently with the requirement of a priming phosphorylation reported for GSK-3 efficacy. In line with a role for GSK-3 in the response to DNA damage, GSK-3 inhibition prevents UV-induced apoptosis. In summary, we uncover a novel role for a widely studied kinase in key steps of eukaryotic transcription and pre-mRNA processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Nieto Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón IFIBYNE (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Villafañez
- Centro de Investigación en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luciana E Giono
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón IFIBYNE (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carmen Cuenca
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón IFIBYNE (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón Soria
- Centro de Investigación en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Manuel J Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón IFIBYNE (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.,Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, FCEN, UBA
| | - Alberto R Kornblihtt
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón IFIBYNE (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Sun S, Chen H, Sun L, Wang M, Wu X, Xiao ZXJ. Hotspot mutant p53-R273H inhibits KLF6 expression to promote cell migration and tumor metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:595. [PMID: 32733026 PMCID: PMC7393383 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hotspot p53 mutant proteins often gain novel functions in promoting tumor metastases. However, the molecular mechanisms by which mutant p53 exerts gain-of-function in cancer are not totally understood. In this study, we demonstrate that hotspot mutant p53, p53-R273H, promotes cell scattering growth and migration via inhibiting the expression of Krupple-like factor 6 (KLF6), a Zinc finger transcription factor and a documented tumor suppressor. Restoration of KLF6 increases the expression of E-cadherin downregulated by p53-R273H and inhibits p53-R273H-induced cell migration and tumor metastasis. Further, p53-R273H reduces KLF6 transcription by upregulating EGFR expression which in turn activates AKT–FOXO1 axis. Pharmacological inhibitor of AKT, MK2206, rescues KLF6 expression and suppresses p53-R273H-induced cell migration. Clinical analyses reveal that KLF6 expression is decreased in human breast cancer specimens harboring p53 mutations, and negatively correlated with EGFR expression in human breast cancer. In addition, low expression of KLF6 is associated with poor overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in p53 mutated human breast cancer patients. Together, these results reveal an important role for EGFR–AKT–FOXO1–KLF6–E-cadherin axis in mutant p53-induced cell migration and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Sun
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xianqiang Wu
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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17
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Du J, Zhu X, Guo R, Xu Z, Cheng FF, Liu Q, Yang F, Guan L, Liu Y, Lin J. Autophagy induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells via GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:330. [PMID: 30486857 PMCID: PMC6262950 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) emerge as an ideal source for cell-based treatment in regenerative medicine and immunotherapy. However, the major obstacle is the low survival rate in tissues and the limited expansion number. Autophagy is an intracellular metabolic self-degradative process which plays important roles in normal cellular division and survival, and the present study aimed to explore the related mechanisms between autophagy and survival of MenSCs in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The MenSCs were obtained from menstrual blood procured from healthy female donors. In vitro, MenSCs were exposed to rapamycin and Earle's balanced salts solution (EBSS). We evaluated the MenSCs immunophenotypic cell cycle distribution by propidium iodide (PI) staining and cell apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining as well as their proliferative potential by the MTT assay. We also assessed the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle and Gsk3β signaling pathway by western blot analysis. We depressed Atg5 and Gsk3β expression by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and undertook the experiments. Moreover, the labeled MenSCs were observed and counted with DiI after transplantation into the mice via the tail vein by microscopy in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, rapamycin and starvation induced autophagy of MenSCs. Hyperactive autophagy significantly induced G0/G1 arrest and slightly promoted apoptosis of MenSCs. Meanwhile, autophagy could stimulate p-GSK3β expression in MenSCs. Further, knockdown GSK3β can accelerate the proliferation of MenSCs by shRNA and CHIR99021. Moreover, the shGSK3β MenSCs showed strong proliferative activity in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that autophagy induced G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis of MenSCs via GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Inhibiting autophagy or reduced GSK3β levels may improve survival rate in vivo, thus playing roles in MenSCs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
| | - Xinxing Zhu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Fang Fang Cheng
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psyshiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Fen Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
| | - Lihong Guan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Juntang Lin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
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18
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B-cell receptor-mediated NFATc1 activation induces IL-10/STAT3/PD-L1 signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2018; 132:1805-1817. [PMID: 30209121 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-841015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and its regulation in B-cell lymphoma cells is limited. Investigating mechanisms that control PD-L1 expression in B-cell lymphoma cells might identify biomarkers that predict the efficacy of immunotherapy with anti-programmed death-1/PD-L1 antibodies. In addition, identification of mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 may identify molecules that can be targeted to improve the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study, we used proteomic approaches and patient-derived B-cell lymphoma cell lines to investigate mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 expression. We found that PD-L1 expression, particularly in nongerminal center B cell-derived diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), is controlled and regulated by several interactive signaling pathways, including the B-cell receptor (BCR) and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. We found that that BCR-mediated NFATc1 activation upregulates IL-10 chemokine expression in PD-L1+ B-cell lymphoma cells. Released IL-10 activates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, leading to STAT3-induced PD-L1 expression. IL-10 antagonist antibody abrogates IL-10/STAT3 signaling and PD-L1 protein expression. We also found that BCR pathway inhibition by BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and BGB-3111) blocks NFATc1 and STAT3 activation, thereby inhibiting IL-10 and PD-L1 expression. Finally, we validated the PD-L1 signaling network in 2 primary DLBCL cohorts consisting of 428 and 350 cases and showed significant correlations among IL-10, STAT3, and PD-L1. Thus, our findings reveal a complex signaling network regulating PD-L1 expression in B-cell lymphoma cells and suggest that PD-L1 expression can be modulated by small molecule inhibitors to potentiate immunotherapies.
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19
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Liu JX, Li W, Li JT, Liu F, Zhou L. Screening key long non-coding RNAs in early-stage colon adenocarcinoma by RNA-sequencing. Epigenomics 2018; 10:1215-1228. [PMID: 30182733 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We aim to identify the key long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early-stage colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). PATIENTS & METHODS Compared with colonic intraepithelial neoplasia, differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in early-stage COAD were obtained by RNA-sequencing. Our previous work has obtained the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs (DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs) in early-stage COAD. DEmiRNA-DElncRNA-DEmRNA interaction analysis and functional annotation were performed. Validation of expression and receiver-operating characteristic analyses were performed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS Seventy-nine significantly DElncRNAs in early-stage COAD were obtained. MiR-153-3p-TUG1-DAPK1/ARNT2/KLK3/PLD1/SMAD2 and miR-153-3p-SNHG17-COL11A1/IGFBP3/KLF6 interactions were associated with early-stage COAD. Five DElncRNAs (ELFN1-AS1, LINC01234, SNHG17, UCA1 and LOC101929549) involved in early-stage COAD with potential diagnostic value. CONCLUSION LncRNAs involve in early-stage COAD by interaction with COAD-regulated genes and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Surgical ICU, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jing-Tao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
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20
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Pei S, Minhajuddin M, Adane B, Khan N, Stevens BM, Mack SC, Lai S, Rich JN, Inguva A, Shannon KM, Kim H, Tan AC, Myers JR, Ashton JM, Neff T, Pollyea DA, Smith CA, Jordan CT. AMPK/FIS1-Mediated Mitophagy Is Required for Self-Renewal of Human AML Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:86-100.e6. [PMID: 29910151 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are thought to drive the genesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as relapse following chemotherapy. Because of their unique biology, developing effective methods to eradicate LSCs has been a significant challenge. In the present study, we demonstrate that intrinsic overexpression of the mitochondrial dynamics regulator FIS1 mediates mitophagy activity that is essential for primitive AML cells. Depletion of FIS1 attenuates mitophagy and leads to inactivation of GSK3, myeloid differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and a profound loss of LSC self-renewal potential. Further, we report that the central metabolic stress regulator AMPK is also intrinsically activated in LSC populations and is upstream of FIS1. Inhibition of AMPK signaling recapitulates the biological effect of FIS1 loss. These data suggest a model in which LSCs co-opt AMPK/FIS1-mediated mitophagy as a means to maintain stem cell properties that may be otherwise compromised by the stresses induced by oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Pei
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Biniam Adane
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nabilah Khan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brett M Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Sisi Lai
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Anagha Inguva
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kevin M Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - John M Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tobias Neff
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Clayton A Smith
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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21
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Tong R, Yang B, Xiao H, Peng C, Hu W, Weng X, Cheng S, Du C, Lv Z, Ding C, Zhou L, Xie H, Wu J, Zheng S. KCTD11 inhibits growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through activating Hippo signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 8:37717-37729. [PMID: 28465479 PMCID: PMC5514943 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of effective prognostic biomarkers and molecular targets is a serious problem in hepatocellular carcinoma. KCTD11, reported as a tumor suppressor, are still not well understood. In this study, KCTD11 was found low-expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. The HCC patients with low expression of KCTD11 suggested shorter overall survival. We found KCTD11 inhibiting cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, by activating p21 and repressing cycle related proteins. KCTD11 also inhibited cell adhesion by decreasing CTGF and CLDN1. We found CTGF binding COL3A1 in HCCLM3, which might lead to reduction of COL3A1 expression. KCTD11 also inhibited cell migration and invasion in HCC, by repressing MMPs and EMT. We found the tumor suppression function of KCTD11 was at least partly through activating Hippo pathway in HCC. Base on the enhanced Hippo pathway, KCTD11 could activate p21 by stabilizing p53 or promoting the MST1/ GSK3β/p21 signaling in HCC. Overall, these results suggest that KCTD11 works as a tumor suppressor and owns prognostic and therapeutic potentials in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongliang Tong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Beng Yang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Heng Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chuanhui Peng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wendi Hu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shaobing Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chengli Du
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zhen Lv
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chaofeng Ding
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310000, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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22
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R-Ras-Akt axis induces endothelial lumenogenesis and regulates the patency of regenerating vasculature. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1720. [PMID: 29170374 PMCID: PMC5700916 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of endothelial lumen is fundamental to angiogenesis and essential to the oxygenation of hypoxic tissues. The molecular mechanism underlying this important process remains obscure. Here, we show that Akt activation by a Ras homolog, R-Ras, stabilizes the microtubule cytoskeleton in endothelial cells leading to endothelial lumenogenesis. The activation of Akt by the potent angiogenic factor VEGF-A does not strongly stabilize microtubules or sufficiently promote lumen formation, hence demonstrating a distinct role for the R-Ras-Akt axis. We show in mice that this pathway is important for the lumenization of new capillaries and microvessels developing in ischemic muscles to allow sufficient tissue reperfusion after ischemic injury. Our work identifies a role for Akt in lumenogenesis and the significance of the R-Ras-Akt signaling for the patency of regenerating blood vessels. Formation of the vascular lumen initiates the blood flow and it is crucial for tissue homeostasis. Here, Li et. al show that the R-Ras-Akt signaling axis is crucial for reparative angiogenesis in mice because it stabilizes the microtubule cytoskeleton in endothelial cells to promote endothelial lumen formation.
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23
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Kim Y, Kim H, Park D, Lee H, Lee YS, Choe J, Kim YM, Jeon D, Jeoung D. The pentapeptide Gly-Thr-Gly-Lys-Thr confers sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs by inhibition of CAGE binding to GSK3β and decreasing the expression of cyclinD1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13632-13651. [PMID: 28099142 PMCID: PMC5355126 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the role of cancer/testis antigen CAGE in the response to anti-cancer drugs. CAGE increased the expression of cyclinD1, and pGSK3βSer9, an inactive GSK3β, while decreasing the expression of phospho-cyclinD1Thr286. CAGE showed binding to GSK3β and the domain of CAGE (amino acids 231-300) necessary for binding to GSK3β and for the expression regulation of cyclinD1 was determined. 269GTGKT273 peptide, corresponding to the DEAD box helicase domain of CAGE, decreased the expression of cyclinD1 and pGSK3βSer9 while increasing the expression of phospho-cyclinD1Thr286. GTGKT peptide showed the binding to CAGE and prevented CAGE from binding to GSK3β. GTGKT peptide changed the localization of CAGE and inhibited the binding of CAGE to the promoter sequences of cyclin D1. GTGKT peptide enhanced the apoptotic effects of anti-cancer drugs and decreased the migration, invasion, angiogenic, tumorigenic and metastatic potential of anti-cancer drug-resistant cancer cells. We found that Lys272 of GTGKT peptide was necessary for conferring anti-cancer activity. Peptides corresponding to the DEAD box helicase domain of CAGE, such as AQTGTGKT, QTGTGKT and TGTGKT, also showed anti-cancer activity by preventing CAGE from binding to GSK3β. GTGKT peptide showed ex vivo tumor homing potential. Thus, peptides corresponding to the DEAD box helicase domain of CAGE can be developed as anti-cancer drugs in cancer patients expressing CAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Hyuna Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Deokbum Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Hansoo Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Yun Sil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jongseon Choe
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Young Myeong Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | | | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
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24
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Bialkowska AB, Yang VW, Mallipattu SK. Krüppel-like factors in mammalian stem cells and development. Development 2017; 144:737-754. [PMID: 28246209 DOI: 10.1242/dev.145441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc-finger transcription factors that are found in many species. Recent studies have shown that KLFs play a fundamental role in regulating diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, development and regeneration. Of note, several KLFs are also crucial for maintaining pluripotency and, hence, have been linked to reprogramming and regenerative medicine approaches. Here, we review the crucial functions of KLFs in mammalian embryogenesis, stem cell biology and regeneration, as revealed by studies of animal models. We also highlight how KLFs have been implicated in human diseases and outline potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
| | - Sandeep K Mallipattu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
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25
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Krüppel-like factor 6 is a transcriptional activator of autophagy in acute liver injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8119. [PMID: 28808340 PMCID: PMC5556119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) is a transcription factor and tumor suppressor. We previously identified KLF6 as mediator of hepatocyte glucose and lipid homeostasis. The loss or reduction of KLF6 is linked to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, but its contribution to liver regeneration and repair in acute liver injury are lacking so far. Here we explore the role of KLF6 in acute liver injury models in mice, and in patients with acute liver failure (ALF). KLF6 was induced in hepatocytes in ALF, and in both acetaminophen (APAP)- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated mice. In mice with hepatocyte-specific Klf6 knockout (DeltaKlf6), cell proliferation following partial hepatectomy (PHx) was increased compared to controls. Interestingly, key autophagic markers and mediators LC3-II, Atg7 and Beclin1 were reduced in DeltaKlf6 mice livers. Using luciferase assay and ChIP, KLF6 was established as a direct transcriptional activator of ATG7 and BECLIN1, but was dependent on the presence of p53. Here we show, that KLF6 expression is induced in ALF and in the regenerating liver, where it activates autophagy by transcriptional induction of ATG7 and BECLIN1 in a p53-dependent manner. These findings couple the activity of an important growth inhibitor in liver to the induction of autophagy in hepatocytes.
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26
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Kim CK, He P, Bialkowska AB, Yang VW. SP and KLF Transcription Factors in Digestive Physiology and Diseases. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1845-1875. [PMID: 28366734 PMCID: PMC5815166 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Specificity proteins (SPs) and Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) belong to the family of transcription factors that contain conserved zinc finger domains involved in binding to target DNA sequences. Many of these proteins are expressed in different tissues and have distinct tissue-specific activities and functions. Studies have shown that SPs and KLFs regulate not only physiological processes such as growth, development, differentiation, proliferation, and embryogenesis, but pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders. Consistently, these proteins have been shown to regulate normal functions and pathobiology in the digestive system. We review recent findings on the tissue- and organ-specific functions of SPs and KLFs in the digestive system including the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, and liver. We provide a list of agents under development to target these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Ping He
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Agnieszka B. Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Corresponding Authors: Vincent W. Yang & Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, HSC T-16, Rm. 020; Stony Brook, NY, USA. Tel: (631) 444-2066; Fax: (631) 444-3144; ;
| | - Vincent W. Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Corresponding Authors: Vincent W. Yang & Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, HSC T-16, Rm. 020; Stony Brook, NY, USA. Tel: (631) 444-2066; Fax: (631) 444-3144; ;
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27
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Zhang D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Tu C, Huo J, Liu Y. miR-4262 promotes the proliferation of human cutaneous malignant melanoma cells through KLF6-mediated EGFR inactivation and p21 upregulation. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3657-3663. [PMID: 27779691 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the levels and functions of microRNAs (miRs) have been associated with carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of miR-4262 in the proliferation of human cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells. The expression levels of miR-4262 were significantly upregulated in cancerous tissues compared with those in matched adjacent normal tissues from 110 CMM patients. miR-4262 was also regulated in five types of CMM cell lines, displaying an opposite expression pattern to that of Kruppel-like 6 (KLF6), a proven tumor suppressor in several cancers other than CMM. KLF6 overexpression sharply reduced A375 cell proliferation, suppressed the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and increased p21 expression levels, while knockdown of KLF6 by siRNA transfection had an opposite effect. Furthermore, KLF6 was proven to be a direct target gene of miR-4262 by bioinformatic analysis and KLF6‑3'UTR luciferase reporter assay. Finally, our data on miR-4262 mimic and inhibitor transfection indicated that miR-4262 could markedly reduce the expression of KLF6 protein and had a stimulatory effect on A375 cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that KLF6 acts as a tumor suppressor in CMM cells and miR-4262 promotes the proliferation of CMM cells through KLF6-mediated EGFR inactivation and p21 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zhangjun Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Chen Tu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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28
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Wang K, Ren Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, He JJ. miR-4262 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cells Through Directly Targeting KLF6 and KLF15. Oncol Res 2016; 25:277-283. [PMID: 27629257 PMCID: PMC7840800 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14732514133203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have been shown to be involved in breast cancer growth and progression. miR-4262 is a potential tumor promoter in human cancers. In this study, we first investigated the role of miR-4262 in the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells. Our results showed that, compared with the adjacent tissues and MCF-10A normal breast epithelial cells, miR-4262 was markedly increased in the breast cancer tissues and five cell lines, including MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-435, SKBR3, and MCF-7. Then the miR-4262 mimic or oligo anta-miR-4262 was transfected into MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The results showed that the miR-4262 mimic greatly increased the miR-4262 level and the proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. In contrast, the anta-miR-4262 had a completely opposite effect on miR-4262 expression, cell proliferation, and cell invasion in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, bioinformatics and luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that miR-4262 targeted the mRNA 3′-UTR region of KLF6 and KLF15, two characterized tumor suppressor genes. miR-4262 suppressed protein levels of KLF6 and KLF15 in MDA-MB-231 cells, and the suppression could be rescued by the transfection of pcDNA-KLF6 and -KLF15. In conclusion, miR-4262 positively regulates proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells via suppression of KLF6 and KLF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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29
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McCubrey JA, Rakus D, Gizak A, Steelman LS, Abrams SL, Lertpiriyapong K, Fitzgerald TL, Yang LV, Montalto G, Cervello M, Libra M, Nicoletti F, Scalisi A, Torino F, Fenga C, Neri LM, Marmiroli S, Cocco L, Martelli AM. Effects of mutations in Wnt/β-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and PI3K pathways on GSK-3 activity-Diverse effects on cell growth, metabolism and cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2942-2976. [PMID: 27612668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in an array of critical cellular processes. GSK-3 was first characterized as an enzyme that phosphorylated and inactivated glycogen synthase. However, subsequent studies have revealed that this moon-lighting protein is involved in numerous signaling pathways that regulate not only metabolism but also have roles in: apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell renewal, differentiation, embryogenesis, migration, regulation of gene transcription, stem cell biology and survival. In this review, we will discuss the roles that GSK-3 plays in various diseases as well as how this pivotal kinase interacts with multiple signaling pathways such as: PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, Wnt/beta-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and TP53. Mutations that occur in these and other pathways can alter the effects that natural GSK-3 activity has on regulating these signaling circuits that can lead to cancer as well as other diseases. The novel roles that microRNAs play in regulation of the effects of GSK-3 will also be evaluated. Targeting GSK-3 and these other pathways may improve therapy and overcome therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Steve L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Aurora Scalisi
- Unit of Oncologic Diseases, ASP-Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section - Policlinico "G. Martino" - University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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30
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Koh HB, Scruggs AM, Huang SK. Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Increases DNA Methyltransferase 1 and 3a Expression through Distinct Post-transcriptional Mechanisms in Lung Fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19287-98. [PMID: 27405758 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.723080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mark that plays a critical role in differentiation and is mediated by the actions of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). TGF-β1 is one of the most potent inducers of fibroblast differentiation, and although many of its actions on fibroblasts are well described, the ability of TGF-β1 to modulate DNA methylation in mesenchymal cells is less clear. Here, we examine the ability of TGF-β1 to modulate the expression of various DNMTs in primary lung fibroblasts (CCL210). TGF-β1 increased the protein expression, but not RNA levels, of both DNMT1 and DNMT3a. The increases in DNMT1 and DNMT3a were dependent on TGF-β1 activation of focal adhesion kinase and PI3K/Akt. Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 by Akt resulted in increased protein translation of DNMT3a. In contrast, the increase in DNMT1 by TGF-β1 was not dependent on new protein synthesis and instead was due to decreased protein degradation. TGF-β1 treatment led to the phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β, which resulted in inhibition of DNMT1 ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. The phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β was dependent on mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. These results demonstrate that TGF-β1 increases expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3a through different post-transcriptional mechanisms. Because DNA methylation is critical to many processes including development and differentiation, for which TGF-β1 is known to be crucial, the ability of TGF-β1 to increase expression of both DNMT1 and DNMT3a demonstrates a novel means by which TGF-β1 may regulate DNA methylation in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey B Koh
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Anne M Scruggs
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Steven K Huang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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31
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Jackson DP, Joshi AD, Elferink CJ. Ah Receptor Pathway Intricacies; Signaling Through Diverse Protein Partners and DNA-Motifs. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015; 4:1143-1158. [PMID: 26783425 PMCID: PMC4714567 DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ah receptor is a transcription factor that modulates gene expression via interactions with multiple protein partners; these are reviewed, including the novel NC-XRE pathway involving KLF6.
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32
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Lu XJ, Shi Y, Chen JL, Ma S. Krüppel-like factors in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:533-41. [PMID: 25652467 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease with a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are still elusive. In recent years, studies on functions of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) in HCC have shed new light on this field. To date, five members (KLF4, KLF6, KLF8, KLF9, and KLF17) in the KLF family have been reported to function in the pathogenesis of HCC in multiple ways, which hold the potential of deepening and widening our understanding in the initiation and progression of HCC. In this review, we focus on the functions, roles, and regulatory networks of these five KLFs in HCC, summarize key pathways, and propose areas for further investigation, with the hope that this review will provide a reliable and concise reference for readers interested in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Glycogen synthase kinase 3β represses MYOGENIN function in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1094. [PMID: 24577092 PMCID: PMC3944270 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MYOGENIN is a member of the muscle regulatory factor family that orchestrates an obligatory step in myogenesis, the terminal differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. A paradoxical feature of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), a prevalent soft tissue sarcoma in children arising from cells with a myogenic phenotype, is the inability of these cells to undergo terminal differentiation despite the expression of MYOGENIN. The chimeric PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein which results from a chromosomal translocation in ARMS has been implicated in blocking cell cycle arrest, preventing myogenesis from occurring. We report here that PAX3-FOXO1 enhances glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity which in turn represses MYOGENIN activity. MYOGENIN is a GSK3β substrate in vitro on the basis of in vitro kinase assays and MYOGENIN is phosphorylated in ARMS-derived RH30 cells. Constitutively active GSK3β(S9A) increased the level of a phosphorylated form of MYOGENIN on the basis of western blot analysis and this effect was reversed by neutralization of the single consensus GSK3β phosphoacceptor site by mutation (S160/164A). Congruently, GSK3β inhibited the trans-activation of an E-box reporter gene by wild-type MYOGENIN, but not MYOGENIN with the S160/164A mutations. Functionally, GSK3β repressed muscle creatine kinase (MCK) promoter activity, an effect which was reversed by the S160/164A mutated MYOGENIN. Importantly, GSK3β inhibition or exogenous expression of the S160/164A mutated MYOGENIN in ARMS reduced the anchorage independent growth of RH30 cells in colony-formation assays. Thus, sustained GSK3β activity represses a critical regulatory step in the myogenic cascade, contributing to the undifferentiated, proliferative phenotype in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS).
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34
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Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of DNA-binding transcriptional regulators with diverse and essential functions in a multitude of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, inflammation and pluripotency. In this Review, we discuss the roles and regulation of the 17 known KLFs in various cancer-relevant processes. Importantly, the functions of KLFs are context dependent, with some KLFs having different roles in normal cells and cancer, during cancer development and progression and in different cancer types. We also identify key questions for the field that are likely to lead to important new translational research and discoveries in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Tetreault
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 913 Biomedical Research Building II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia PA 19104-6144, USA
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35
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Bechmann LP, Vetter D, Ishida J, Hannivoort RA, Lang UE, Kocabayoglu P, Fiel MI, Muñoz U, Patman GL, Ge F, Yakar S, Li X, Agius L, Lee YM, Zhang W, Hui KY, Televantou D, Schwartz GJ, LeRoith D, Berk PD, Nagai R, Suzuki T, Reeves HL, Friedman SL. Post-transcriptional activation of PPAR alpha by KLF6 in hepatic steatosis. J Hepatol 2013; 58:1000-6. [PMID: 23353867 PMCID: PMC3631429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Dysregulated glucose homeostasis and lipid accumulation characterize non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but underlying mechanisms are obscure. We report here that Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), a ubiquitous transcription factor that promotes adipocyte differentiation, also provokes the metabolic abnormalities of NAFLD by post-transcriptionally activating PPARα-signaling. METHODS Mice with either hepatocyte-specific depletion of KLF6 ('ΔHepKlf6') or global KLF6 heterozygosity (Klf6+/-) were fed a high fat diet (HFD) or chow for 8 or 16 weeks. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed to assess insulin sensitivity. Overexpression and knockdown of KLF6 in cultured cells enabled the elucidation of underlying mechanisms. In liver samples from a cohort of 28 NAFLD patients, the expression of KLF6-related target genes was quantified. RESULTS Mice with global- or hepatocyte-depletion of KLF6 have reduced body fat content and improved glucose and insulin tolerance, and are protected from HFD-induced steatosis. In hepatocytes, KLF6 deficiency reduces PPARα-regulated genes (Trb3, Pepck) with diminished PPARα protein but no change in Pparα mRNA, which is explained by the discovery that KLF6 represses miRNA 10b, which leads to induction of PPARα. In NAFLD patients with advanced disease and inflammation, the expression of miRNA 10b is significantly downregulated, while PEPCK mRNA is upregulated; KLF6 mRNA expression also correlates with TRB3 as well as PEPCK gene expression. CONCLUSIONS KLF6 increases PPARα activity, whereas KLF6 loss leads to PPARα repression and attenuation of lipid and glucose abnormalities associated with a high fat diet. The findings establish KLF6 as a novel regulator of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars P. Bechmann
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Vetter
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Junichi Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rebekka A. Hannivoort
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ursula E. Lang
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Peri Kocabayoglu
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - M. Isabel Fiel
- Lillian and Henry M. Stratton-Hans Popper Department of Pathology; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York, NY
| | - Ursula Muñoz
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Gillian L. Patman
- The Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Fengxia Ge
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Digestive & Liver Disease, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Loranne Agius
- The Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Young-Min Lee
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Bioinformatics Laboratory, Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York, NY
| | - Kei Yiu Hui
- The Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Despina Televantou
- The Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Gary J. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Paul D. Berk
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Digestive & Liver Disease, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ubiquitous Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Helen L. Reeves
- The Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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