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Saïd Hassane C, Tintillier F, Campos PE, Herbette G, de Voogd NJ, Ouazzani J, Fouillaud M, Dufossé L, Gauvin-Bialecki A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers isolated from the marine sponge Lendenfeldia chondrodes collected in Mayotte. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2973-2982. [PMID: 37086477 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2204431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
CDK7 and FynB protein kinases have been recognized as relevant targets for cancer and brain diseases treatment due to their pivotal regulatory roles in cellular functions such as cell cycle and neural signal transduction. Several studies demonstrated that the inhibition of these proteins could be useful in altering the onset or progression of these diseases. Based on bioassay-guided approach, the extract of the marine sponge Lendenfeldia chondrodes (Thorectidae), which exhibited interesting kinase inhibitory activities, was fractionated. The investigation led to the isolation of five known 1-5 and one new 6 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Their structure elucidation was established based on spectroscopic data (NMR and HRMS) and comparison with literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charifat Saïd Hassane
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Florent Tintillier
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Campos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d'Orléans - Pôle de chimie, Orléans, France
| | - Gaëtan Herbette
- Spectropole, FSCM CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nicole J de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mireille Fouillaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
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Hu X, Xie J, Yang Y, Qiu Z, Lu W, Lin X, Xu B. Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12329. [PMID: 37569705 PMCID: PMC10418641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors have been proved challenging to treat. Here we established a Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) therapeutic cocktail to achieve effective and safe treatment of brain malignancies by targeting the important hallmarks in brain cancers: poor cell differentiation and compromised cell cycle. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments confirmed the significant therapeutic effect of our MTND therapy. Significantly improved therapeutic effects over current first-line chemo-drugs have been identified in clinical cells, with great inhibition of the growth and migration of tumor cells. Further in-vivo experiments confirmed that sustained MTND treatment showed a 73% reduction of the tumor area. MTND also induced strong expression of phenotypes associated with cell cycle exit/arrest and rapid neural reprograming from clinical glioma cells to glutamatergic and GABAergic expressing cells, which are two key neuronal types involved in many human brain functions, including learning and memory. Collectively, MTND induced multi-targeted genotypic expression changes to achieve direct neural conversion of glioma cells and controlled the cell cycle/tumorigenesis development, helping control tumor cells' malignant proliferation and making it possible to treat brain malignant tumors effectively and safely. These encouraging results open avenues to developing new therapies for brain malignancies beyond cytotoxic agents, providing more effective medication recommendations with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jingdun Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Yilin Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ziyi Qiu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
| | - Weicheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Xudong Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Bingzhe Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
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Gaur T, Poddutoori R, Khare L, Bagal B, Rashmi S, Patkar N, Tembhare P, Pg S, Shetty D, Dutt A, Zhang Q, Konopleva M, Platzbeckar U, Gupta S, Samajdar S, Ramchandra M, Khattry N, Hasan SK. Novel covalent CDK7 inhibitor potently induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia and synergizes with Venetoclax. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:186. [PMID: 37507802 PMCID: PMC10386772 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergence of resistance to the highly successful BCL2-directed therapy is a major unmet need in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive malignancy with poor survival rates. Towards identifying therapeutic options for AML patients who progress on BCL2-directed therapy, we studied a clinical-stage CDK7 inhibitor XL102, which is being evaluated in solid tumors (NCT04726332). MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the anti-proliferative effects of XL102, we performed experiments including time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer, target occupancy, cell cycle and apoptosis-based assays. We also included genetically characterized primary myeloid blasts from de novo and relapsed/refractory AML patients. For mechanistic studies, CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of CDK7 and c-Myc and immunoblotting were performed. NOD/SCID orthotropic and subcutaneous AML xenografts were used to determine anti-leukemic effects. To assess the synergistic effects of XL102 with Venetoclax, we performed RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis using Venetoclax sensitive and resistant model systems. RESULTS XL102, a highly specific, orally bioavailable covalent inhibitor of CDK7. Inhibitory effect on CDK7 by XL102 in primary myeloid blasts (n = 54) was in nanomolar range (mean = 300 nM; range = 4.0-952 nM). XL102 treated AML cells showed a reduction in phosphorylation levels of Serine 2/5/7 at carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. T-loop phosphorylation of CDK1(Thr161) and CDK2(Thr160) was inhibited by XL102 in dose-dependent manner leading to cell-cycle arrest. c-Myc downregulation and enhanced levels of p53 and p21 in XL102 treated cells were observed. Increased levels of p21 and activation of p53 by XL102 were mimicked by genetic ablation of CDK7, which supports that the observed effects of XL102 are due to CDK7 inhibition. XL102 treated AML xenografts showed remarkable reduction in hCD45 + marrow cells (mean = 0.60%; range = 0.04%-3.53%) compared to vehicle control (mean = 38.2%; range = 10.1%-78%), with corresponding increase in p53, p21 and decrease in c-Myc levels. The data suggests XL102 induces apoptosis in AML cells via CDK7/c-Myc/p53 axis. RNA-sequencing from paired Venetoclax-sensitive and Venetoclax-resistant cells treated with XL102 showed downregulation of genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Taken together, XL102 with Venetoclax led to synergistic effects in overcoming resistance and provided a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of XL102 as a single agent and in combination with Venetoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarang Gaur
- Hasan Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ramulu Poddutoori
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Electronic City Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | - Leena Khare
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Electronic City Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400014, India
| | - Sonal Rashmi
- Dutt Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
- Present Address: CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nikhil Patkar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Hematopathology Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Prashant Tembhare
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Hematopathology Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Subramanian Pg
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Hematopathology Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Dhanlaxmi Shetty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Department of Cytogenetics, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Amit Dutt
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Dutt Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Uwe Platzbeckar
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Johannisallee 32, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400014, India
| | - Susanta Samajdar
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Electronic City Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | - Murali Ramchandra
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Electronic City Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | - Navin Khattry
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400014, India.
| | - Syed K Hasan
- Hasan Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi, Mumbai, 410210, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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He J, Xu T, Zhao F, Guo J, Hu Q. SETD2-H3K36ME3: an important bridge between the environment and tumors. Front Genet 2023; 14:1204463. [PMID: 37359376 PMCID: PMC10288198 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of tumors. The histone methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) plays a key role in mammalian epigenetic regulation by catalyzing histone methylation and interacting with RNA polymerase II to mediate transcription elongation and mismatch repair. As an important bridge between the environment and tumors, SETD2-H3K36me3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Many tumors, including renal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, are closely related to SETD2 gene mutations. As a key component of common tumor suppressor mechanisms, SETD2-H3K36me3is an important target for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, we reviewed the structure and function of the SETD2 and how SETD2-H3K36me3 functions as a bridge between the environment and tumors to provide an in-depth understanding of its role in the occurrence and development of various tumors, which is of great significance for future disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangrui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Li ZM, Liu G, Gao Y, Zhao MG. Targeting CDK7 in oncology: The avenue forward. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108229. [PMID: 35700828 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 7 is best characterized for the ability to regulate biological processes, including the cell cycle and gene transcription. Abnormal CDK7 activity is observed in various tumours and represents a driving force for tumourigenesis. Therefore, CDK7 may be an appealing target for cancer treatment. Whereas, the enthusiasm for CDK7-targeted therapeutic strategy is mitigated due to the widely possessed belief that this protein is essential for normal cells. Indeed, the fact confronts the consensus. This is the first review to introduce the role of CDK7 in pan-cancers via a combined analysis of comprehensive gene information and (pre)clinical research results. We also discuss the recent advances in protein structure and summarize the understanding of mechanisms underlying CDK7 function. These endeavours highlight the pivotal roles of CDK7 in tumours and may contribute to the development of effective CDK7 inhibitors within the strategy of structure-based drug discovery for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Li
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Guan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xinsi Road 1, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
| | - Ming-Gao Zhao
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xinsi Road 1, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, PR China.
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6
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Zatzman M, Fuligni F, Ripsman R, Suwal T, Comitani F, Edward LM, Denroche R, Jang GH, Notta F, Gallinger S, Selvanathan SP, Toretsky JA, Hellmann MD, Tabori U, Huang A, Shlien A. Widespread hypertranscription in aggressive human cancers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0238. [PMID: 36417526 PMCID: PMC9683723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancers are often defined by the dysregulation of specific transcriptional programs; however, the importance of global transcriptional changes is less understood. Hypertranscription is the genome-wide increase in RNA output. Hypertranscription's prevalence, underlying drivers, and prognostic significance are undefined in primary human cancer. This is due, in part, to limitations of expression profiling methods, which assume equal RNA output between samples. Here, we developed a computational method to directly measure hypertranscription in 7494 human tumors, spanning 31 cancer types. Hypertranscription is ubiquitous across cancer, especially in aggressive disease. It defines patient subgroups with worse survival, even within well-established subtypes. Our data suggest that loss of transcriptional suppression underpins the hypertranscriptional phenotype. Single-cell analysis reveals hypertranscriptional clones, which dominate transcript production regardless of their size. Last, patients with hypertranscribed mutations have improved response to immune checkpoint therapy. Our results provide fundamental insights into gene dysregulation across human cancers and may prove useful in identifying patients who would benefit from novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Zatzman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabio Fuligni
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan Ripsman
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tannu Suwal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Federico Comitani
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa-Monique Edward
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rob Denroche
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gun Ho Jang
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faiyaz Notta
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wallace McCain Centre for Pancreatic Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgical Oncology Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey A. Toretsky
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Matthew D. Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uri Tabori
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Shlien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sun J, Zhang Q, Sun X, Xue A, Gao X, Shen K. THZ1 targeting CDK7 suppresses c-KIT transcriptional activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:138. [PMID: 36076237 PMCID: PMC9454178 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and are characterized by activating mutations of c-KIT or PDGFRa receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Despite the clinical success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), more than half of GIST patients develop resistance due to a second mutation. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is the catalytic subunit of CDK-activating kinase (CAK), and it plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle transitions and gene transcription. THZ1, a CDK7 inhibitor, exhibits a dose-dependent inhibitory effect in various cancers. Methods Data from the public GEO database and tissue microarray were used to analyse the gene expression levels of CDKs in GISTs. The impact of CDK7 knockdown and the CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 on GIST progression was investigated in vitro using CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays and in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. RNA sequencing was performed to investigate the mechanism of GIST cell viability impairment mediated by THZ1 treatment. Results Our study demonstrated that CDK7 is relatively overexpressed in high-risk GISTs and predicts a poor outcome. A low concentration of THZ1 exhibited a pronounced antineoplastic effect in GIST cells in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, THZ1 exerted synergistic anticancer effects with imatinib. THZ1 treatment resulted in transcriptional modulation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7 within RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). c-KIT, an oncogene driver of GIST, was transcriptionally repressed by THZ1 treatment or CDK7 knockdown. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that OSR1 acts as a downstream target of CDK7 and regulates c-KIT expression. Taken together, our results highlight elevated CDK7 expression as a predictor of poor outcome in GIST and present the combination of CDK7 and RTK inhibitors as a potent therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of GIST treatment. Video abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00928-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiangfei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Anwei Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaodong Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Kuntang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, #180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zeng S, Lan B, Ren X, Zhang S, Schreyer D, Eckstein M, Yang H, Britzen-Laurent N, Dahl A, Mukhopadhyay D, Chang D, Kutschick I, Pfeffer S, Bailey P, Biankin A, Grützmann R, Pilarsky C. CDK7 inhibition augments response to multidrug chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:241. [PMID: 35945614 PMCID: PMC9364549 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis. Although combined treatment with gemcitabine and albumin-bound paclitaxel has improved the prognosis of PDAC, both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance remain as severe hurtles towards improved prognosis. Thus, new therapeutic targets and innovative strategies are urgently needed. METHODS In this study, we used the KPC mouse model-derived PDAC cell line TB32047 to perform kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screening. Next-generation sequencing and MAGeCK-VISPR analysis were performed to identify candidate genes. We then conducted cell viability, clonogenic, and apoptosis assays and evaluated the synergistic therapeutic effects of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) depletion or inhibition with gemcitabine (GEM) and paclitaxel (PTX) in a murine orthotopic pancreatic cancer model. For mechanistic studies, we performed genome enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Western blotting to identify and verify the pathways that render PDAC sensitive to GEM/PTX therapy. RESULTS We identified several cell cycle checkpoint kinases and DNA damage-related kinases as targets for overcoming chemoresistance. Among them, CDK7 ranked highly in both screenings. We demonstrated that both gene knockout and pharmacological inhibition of CDK7 by THZ1 result in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and DNA damage at least predominantly through the STAT3-MCL1-CHK1 axis. Furthermore, THZ1 synergized with GEM and PTX in vitro and in vivo, resulting in enhanced antitumor effects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the application of CRISPR-Cas9 screening in identifying novel therapeutic targets and suggest new strategies for overcoming chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaofan Ren
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shuman Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Schreyer
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Britzen-Laurent
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- DRESDEN-Concept Genome Center a DFG NGS Competence Center, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, USA
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Isabella Kutschick
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfeffer
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Translational Research Center, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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9
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Targeting transcription in heart failure via CDK7/12/13 inhibition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4345. [PMID: 35896549 PMCID: PMC9329381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with high mortality, highlighting an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. As stress-activated cardiac signaling cascades converge on the nucleus to drive maladaptive gene programs, interdicting pathological transcription is a conceptually attractive approach for HFrEF therapy. Here, we demonstrate that CDK7/12/13 are critical regulators of transcription activation in the heart that can be pharmacologically inhibited to improve HFrEF. CDK7/12/13 inhibition using the first-in-class inhibitor THZ1 or RNAi blocks stress-induced transcription and pathologic hypertrophy in cultured rodent cardiomyocytes. THZ1 potently attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and HFrEF pathogenesis in mice and blocks cardinal features of disease in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. THZ1 suppresses Pol II enrichment at stress-transactivated cardiac genes and inhibits a specific pathologic gene program in the failing mouse heart. These data identify CDK7/12/13 as druggable regulators of cardiac gene transactivation during disease-related stress, suggesting that HFrEF features a critical dependency on transcription that can be therapeutically exploited.
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10
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Xie G, Zhu A, Gu X. Converged DNA Damage Response Renders Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Sensitive to CDK7 Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071714. [PMID: 35406486 PMCID: PMC8996977 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. HCC has a dismal five-year mortality estimate of >95%, ranking as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite the recent progression in the treatment of HCC with multikinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and antiangiogenic monoclonal antibodies, among other newly emerging therapeutics, the efficacy has varied among patients, making HCC a high priority for developing novel targeted therapeutic agents. CDK7 has been exploited as a therapeutic target in HCC. In the present study, we demonstrated that HCC cells were highly susceptible to THZ1, a selective covalent CDK7 inhibitor. We further discovered that transcription factor MYC-promoted cell proliferation renders cancer cells hypersensitive to apoptotic cell death with THZ1 treatment. Our findings indicate that targeting CDK7 with THZ1 may be a new plausible strategy for treating HCC, in which MYC plays crucial roles in cell proliferation and tumor growth. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with high mortality. The inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) activity has shown therapeutic efficacy in HCC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that three HCC lines, HepG2, Hep3B, and SK-Hep-1, were highly susceptible to the CDK7 inhibitor THZ1. In mouse models, THZ1 effectively reduced HepG2 tumor growth and tumor weight. THZ1 arrested cell cycle and triggered MYC-related apoptosis in HepG2. To evaluate how MYC protein levels affected THZ1-induced apoptotic cell death, we overexpressed MYC in HepG2 and found that exogenously overexpressed MYC promoted cell cycle progression and increased cells in the S phase. THZ1 drastically engendered the apoptosis of MYC-overexpressing HepG2 cells in the S and G2/M phases. Importantly, transcription-inhibition-induced apoptosis is associated with DNA damage, and exogenous MYC expression further enhanced the THZ1-induced DNA damage response in MYC-overexpressing HepG2 cells. Consistently, in the HepG2 xenografts, THZ1 treatment was associated with DNA-damage-induced cell death. Together, our data indicate that the converged effect of MYC-promoted cell cycle progression and CDK7 inhibition by THZ1 confers the hypersensitivity of HCC to DNA-damage-induced cell death. Our findings may suggest a new therapeutic strategy of THZ1 against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Xie
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W. Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 600 W. Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Ailin Zhu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W. Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Xinbin Gu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Howard University, 600 W. Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
- Cancer Center, Howard University, 600 W. Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (X.G.)
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11
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Tang L, Zhu C, Jin J, Wang X, Yu L, Guan X. Expression of CDK7 correlates with molecular subtypes and predicts clinical outcomes in breast cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:669-680. [PMID: 35116400 PMCID: PMC8799258 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) belongs to CDK family, which is involved in transcriptional activity and cell cycle progression. Recent studies have suggested that CDK7 inhibitor is effective in the treatment of breast cancer, whereas, the efficacy of antitumor response varies significantly in different subtypes of breast cancer. However, the underlying connection between CDK7 and molecular subtypes of breast cancer is currently unknown. Methods To further elucidate the role of CDK7 in breast cancer, we investigated the association of CDK7 expression with different molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes in breast cancer using the Oncomine, GENT2, UALCAN and PrognoScan database. The correlation between CDK7 mRNA expression and promoter methylation was established using MEXPRESS datasets. And the CDK7 expression with different stages and subtypes was also examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay in 140 breast cancer patients. Results We found that the expression of CDK7 was increased in breast cancer. Besides, our data demonstrated that both CDK7 hypomethylation status and copy number variations (CNVs) were highly correlated with mRNA overexpression. Moreover, based on the tissue array of 140 patients and more than 4,000 samples from bc-GenExMiner database, CDK7 protein levels were significantly higher in luminal and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer in comparison with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. The expression of CDK7 was prominently correlated with molecular markers of different subtypes of breast cancer. Furthermore, the results of the univariate analysis indicated that high CDK7 expression was dramatically associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P=0.0323, HR =2.08). Conclusions Our results highlighted that elevated CDK7 expression was correlated with molecular subtypes and acted as a candidate biomarker of poor prognosis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyue Yu
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics & Global Health, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Wong CH, Li CH, Man Tong JH, Zheng D, He Q, Luo Z, Lou UK, Wang J, To KF, Chen Y. The Establishment of CDK9/ RNA PolII/H3K4me3/DNA Methylation Feedback Promotes HOTAIR Expression by RNA Elongation Enhancement in Cancer. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1597-1609. [PMID: 35121112 PMCID: PMC9077372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is overexpressed in multiple cancers with diverse genetic profiles. Importantly, since HOTAIR heavily contributes to cancer progression by promoting tumor growth and metastasis, HOTAIR becomes a potential target for cancer therapy. However, the underlying mechanism leading to HOTAIR deregulation is largely unexplored. Here, we performed a pan-cancer analysis using more than 4,200 samples and found that intragenic exon CpG island (Ex-CGI) was hypermethylated and was positively correlated to HOTAIR expression. Also, we revealed that Ex-CGI methylation promotes HOTAIR expression through enhancing the transcription elongation process. Furthermore, we linked up the aberrant intragenic tri-methylation on H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and Ex-CGI DNA methylation in promoting transcription elongation of HOTAIR. Targeting the oncogenic CDK7-CDK9-H3K4me3 axis downregulated HOTAIR expression and inhibited cell growth in many cancers. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a positive feedback loop that involved CDK9-mediated phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II Serine 2 (RNA PolII Ser2), H3K4me3, and intragenic DNA methylation, which induced robust transcriptional elongation and heavily contributed to the upregulation of oncogenic lncRNA in cancer has been demonstrated. Targeting the oncogenic CDK7-CDK9-H3K4me3 axis could be a novel therapy in many cancers through inhibiting the HOTAIR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hin Wong
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Han Li
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Joanna Hung Man Tong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Duo Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qifang He
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiyuan Luo
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Ut Kei Lou
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Jiatong Wang
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yangchao Chen
- A School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518087, China.
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13
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Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases in which cells divide continuously and excessively. Cell division is tightly regulated by multiple evolutionarily conserved cell cycle control mechanisms, to ensure the production of two genetically identical cells. Cell cycle checkpoints operate as DNA surveillance mechanisms that prevent the accumulation and propagation of genetic errors during cell division. Checkpoints can delay cell cycle progression or, in response to irreparable DNA damage, induce cell cycle exit or cell death. Cancer-associated mutations that perturb cell cycle control allow continuous cell division chiefly by compromising the ability of cells to exit the cell cycle. Continuous rounds of division, however, create increased reliance on other cell cycle control mechanisms to prevent catastrophic levels of damage and maintain cell viability. New detailed insights into cell cycle control mechanisms and their role in cancer reveal how these dependencies can be best exploited in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Matthews
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Cosetta Bertoli
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robertus A M de Bruin
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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14
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Kumar V, Parate S, Thakur G, Lee G, Ro HS, Kim Y, Kim HJ, Kim MO, Lee KW. Identification of CDK7 Inhibitors from Natural Sources Using Pharmacoinformatics and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1197. [PMID: 34572383 PMCID: PMC8468199 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle and RNA polymerase-based transcription. Overexpression of this kinase is linked with various cancers in humans due to its dual involvement in cell development. Furthermore, emerging evidence has revealed that inhibiting CDK7 has anti-cancer effects, driving the development of novel and more cost-effective inhibitors with enhanced selectivity for CDK7 over other CDKs. In the present investigation, a pharmacophore-based approach was utilized to identify potential hit compounds against CDK7. The generated pharmacophore models were validated and used as 3D queries to screen 55,578 natural drug-like compounds. The obtained compounds were then subjected to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to predict their binding mode with CDK7. The molecular dynamics simulation trajectories were subsequently used to calculate binding affinity, revealing four hits-ZINC20392430, SN00112175, SN00004718, and SN00262261-having a better binding affinity towards CDK7 than the reference inhibitors (CT7001 and THZ1). The binding mode analysis displayed hydrogen bond interactions with the hinge region residues Met94 and Glu95, DFG motif residue Asp155, ATP-binding site residues Thr96, Asp97, and Gln141, and quintessential residue outside the kinase domain, Cys312 of CDK7. The in silico selectivity of the hits was further checked by docking with CDK2, the close homolog structure of CDK7. Additionally, the detailed pharmacokinetic properties were predicted, revealing that our hits have better properties than established CDK7 inhibitors CT7001 and THZ1. Hence, we argue that proposed hits may be crucial against CDK7-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Division of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Shraddha Parate
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Gunjan Thakur
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Hyeon-Su Ro
- Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Yongseong Kim
- School of Cosmetics and Food Development, Kyungnam University, Masan 631-701, Korea;
| | - Hong Ja Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Division of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea;
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15
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TGF-β/activin signaling promotes CDK7 inhibitor resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells through upregulation of multidrug transporters. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101162. [PMID: 34481843 PMCID: PMC8498470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is a master regulatory kinase that drives cell cycle progression and stimulates expression of oncogenes in a myriad of cancers. Inhibitors of CDK7 (CDK7i) are currently in clinical trials; however, as with many cancer therapies, patients will most likely experience recurrent disease due to acquired resistance. Identifying targets underlying CDK7i resistance will facilitate prospective development of new therapies that can circumvent such resistance. Here we utilized triple-negative breast cancer as a model to discern mechanisms of resistance as it has been previously shown to be highly responsive to CDK7 inhibitors. After generating cell lines with acquired resistance, high-throughput RNA sequencing revealed significant upregulation of genes associated with efflux pumps and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Genetic silencing or pharmacological inhibition of ABCG2, an efflux pump associated with multidrug resistance, resensitized resistant cells to CDK7i, indicating a reliance on these transporters. Expression of activin A (INHBA), a member of the TGF-β family of ligands, was also induced, whereas its intrinsic inhibitor, follistatin (FST), was repressed. In resistant cells, increased phosphorylation of SMAD3, a downstream mediator, confirmed an increase in activin signaling, and phosphorylated SMAD3 directly bound the ABCG2 promoter regulatory region. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β/activin receptors or genetic silencing of SMAD4, a transcriptional partner of SMAD3, reversed the upregulation of ABCG2 in resistant cells and phenocopied ABCG2 inhibition. This study reveals that inhibiting the TGF-β/Activin-ABCG2 pathway is a potential avenue for preventing or overcoming resistance to CDK7 inhibitors.
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16
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Dahl NA, Vibhakar R. Converging evidence for inhibition of transcriptional control in high-grade gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1225-1227. [PMID: 33984150 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Dahl
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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17
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Juric V, Hudson L, Fay J, Richards CE, Jahns H, Verreault M, Bielle F, Idbaih A, Lamfers MLM, Hopkins AM, Rehm M, Murphy BM. Transcriptional CDK inhibitors, CYC065 and THZ1 promote Bim-dependent apoptosis in primary and recurrent GBM through cell cycle arrest and Mcl-1 downregulation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:763. [PMID: 34344865 PMCID: PMC8333061 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) contributes to the uncontrolled proliferation of tumour cells. Genomic alterations that lead to the constitutive activation or overexpression of CDKs can support tumourigenesis including glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumour in adults. The incurability of GBM highlights the need to discover novel and more effective treatment options. Since CDKs 2, 7 and 9 were found to be overexpressed in GBM, we tested the therapeutic efficacy of two CDK inhibitors (CKIs) (CYC065 and THZ1) in a heterogeneous panel of GBM patient-derived cell lines (PDCLs) cultured as gliomaspheres, as preclinically relevant models. CYC065 and THZ1 treatments suppressed invasion and induced viability loss in the majority of gliomaspheres, irrespective of the mutational background of the GBM cases, but spared primary cortical neurons. Viability loss arose from G2/M cell cycle arrest following treatment and subsequent induction of apoptotic cell death. Treatment efficacies and treatment durations required to induce cell death were associated with proliferation velocities, and apoptosis induction correlated with complete abolishment of Mcl-1 expression, a cell cycle-regulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member. GBM models generally appeared highly dependent on Mcl-1 expression for cell survival, as demonstrated by pharmacological Mcl-1 inhibition or depletion of Mcl-1 expression. Further analyses identified CKI-induced Mcl-1 loss as a prerequisite to establish conditions at which the BH3-only protein Bim can efficiently induce apoptosis, with cellular Bim amounts strongly correlating with treatment efficacy. CKIs reduced proliferation and promoted apoptosis also in chick embryo xenograft models of primary and recurrent GBM. Collectively, these studies highlight the potential of these novel CKIs to suppress growth and induce cell death of patient-derived GBM cultures in vitro and in vivo, warranting further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Juric
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lance Hudson
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Fay
- Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathy E Richards
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maïté Verreault
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ann M Hopkins
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brona M Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
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18
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Chow PM, Chang YW, Kuo KL, Lin WC, Liu SH, Huang KH. CDK7 inhibition by THZ1 suppresses cancer stemness in both chemonaïve and chemoresistant urothelial carcinoma via the hedgehog signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2021; 507:70-79. [PMID: 33741425 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common type of bladder cancer, with a 5-year survival rate of only 4.6% in metastatic UC. Despite the advances related to immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy, chemotherapy remains the standard of care for metastatic diseases, with a 50% response rate. The covalent cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) inhibitor THZ1 interferes with transcription machinery and is reported to be effective in cancers without targetable mutations. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic effect of THZ1 on UC and examined possible mechanisms underlying its effects in both chemonaïve and chemosensitive cancers. CDK7 expression is increased in bladder cancer tissues, especially in patients with chemoresistance. THZ1 induced apoptosis and decreased viability in RT4, BFTC905, HT1376, T24, and T24/R UC cell lines. RNA-sequencing, immunoblotting, and sphere-formation assays confirmed that THZ1 suppressed cancer stemness. In the mouse xenograft model, THZ1 suppressed both chemonaïve and chemoresistant tumors. These results indicate that CDK7 inhibition-related cancer stemness suppression is a potential therapeutic strategy for both chemonaïve and chemoresistant UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ming Chow
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Lin Kuo
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chou Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-How Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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19
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Peng J, Yang M, Bi R, Wang Y, Wang C, Wei X, Zhang Z, Xie X, Wei W. Targeting Mutated p53 Dependency in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Through CDK7 Inhibition. Front Oncol 2021; 11:664848. [PMID: 34109118 PMCID: PMC8183379 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.664848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is crucial for cell cycle progression and gene expression transcriptional regulation, which are often not assessed in cancer developing process. CDK7 inhibitors have emerged as promising drugs for treating diverse cancers, including breast cancer. However, the mechanism behind its anticancer effect has not been well investigated. Here, the possible mechanism of CDK7 inhibitors for treating human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been studied. Methods The effects of CDK7 inhibitors on breast cancer cells have been identified by measuring cell viability (Cell Counting Kit-8) and cell proliferation and calculating colony formation. The short hairpin RNA and short interfering RNA were used for the construction of knockdown cells. To assess the expression of associated proteins, western blot was used. Results This study confirmed that, compared to hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells, TNBC cells were more sensitive to THZ1, a novel CDK7 inhibitor. THZ1 treatment specifically downregulated mutated p53 in a dose- and time-dependent manner in TNBC cells with p53 mutation. Another CDK7 inhibitor, LDC4297, also potently interfered with the expression of mutated p53. Furthermore, endogenous CDK7 expression was positively correlated with the levels of mutated p53 in TNBC cells with p53 mutation. Downregulating mutated p53 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation of TNBC cells with p53 mutation. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that targeting CDK7 was an effective approach for the treatment of TNBC with p53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ran Bi
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yueyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxi Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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20
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Juric V, Düssmann H, Lamfers MLM, Prehn JHM, Rehm M, Murphy BM. Transcriptional CDK Inhibitors CYC065 and THZ1 Induce Apoptosis in Glioma Stem Cells Derived from Recurrent GBM. Cells 2021; 10:1182. [PMID: 34066147 PMCID: PMC8151379 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are tumour initiating cells which contribute to treatment resistance, temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive adult brain tumour. A major contributor to the uncontrolled tumour cell proliferation in GBM is the hyper activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Due to resistance to standard of care, GBMs relapse in almost all patients. Targeting GSCs using transcriptional CDK inhibitors, CYC065 and THZ1 is a potential novel treatment to prevent relapse of the tumour. TCGA-GBM data analysis has shown that the GSC markers, CD133 and CD44 were significantly upregulated in GBM patient tumours compared to non-tumour tissue. CD133 and CD44 stem cell markers were also expressed in gliomaspheres derived from recurrent GBM tumours. Light Sheet Florescence Microscopy (LSFM) further revealed heterogeneous expression of these GSC markers in gliomaspheres. Gliomaspheres from recurrent tumours were highly sensitive to transcriptional CDK inhibitors, CYC065 and THZ1 and underwent apoptosis while being resistant to TMZ. Apoptotic cell death in GSC subpopulations and non-stem tumour cells resulted in sphere disruption. Collectively, our study highlights the potential of these novel CKIs to induce cell death in GSCs from recurrent tumours, warranting further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Juric
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland; (V.J.); (H.D.); (J.H.M.P.)
| | - Heiko Düssmann
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland; (V.J.); (H.D.); (J.H.M.P.)
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Martine L. M. Lamfers
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Jochen H. M. Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland; (V.J.); (H.D.); (J.H.M.P.)
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brona M. Murphy
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland; (V.J.); (H.D.); (J.H.M.P.)
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21
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Shan W, Yuan J, Hu Z, Jiang J, Wang Y, Loo N, Fan L, Tang Z, Zhang T, Xu M, Pan Y, Lu J, Long M, Tanyi JL, Montone KT, Fan Y, Hu X, Zhang Y, Zhang L. Systematic Characterization of Recurrent Genomic Alterations in Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Reveals Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer Treatment. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107884. [PMID: 32668240 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent copy-number alterations, mutations, and transcript fusions of the genes encoding CDKs/cyclins are characterized in >10,000 tumors. Genomic alterations of CDKs/cyclins are dominantly driven by copy number aberrations. In contrast to cell-cycle-related CDKs/cyclins, which are globally amplified, transcriptional CDKs/cyclins recurrently lose copy numbers across cancers. Although mutations and transcript fusions are relatively rare events, CDK12 exhibits recurrent mutations in multiple cancers. Among the transcriptional CDKs, CDK7 and CDK12 show the most significant copy number loss and mutation, respectively. Their genomic alterations are correlated with increased sensitivities to DNA-damaging drugs. Inhibition of CDK7 preferentially represses the expression of genes in the DNA-damage-repair pathways and impairs the activity of homologous recombination. Low-dose CDK7 inhibitor treatment sensitizes cancer cells to PARP inhibitor-induced DNA damage and cell death. Our analysis provides genomic information for identification and prioritization of drug targets for CDKs and reveals rationales for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shan
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiao Yuan
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhongyi Hu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yueying Wang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicki Loo
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lingling Fan
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhaoqing Tang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mu Xu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yutian Pan
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meixiao Long
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Janos L Tanyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Youyou Zhang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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22
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Greenall SA, McKenzie M, Seminova E, Dolezal O, Pearce L, Bentley J, Kuchibhotla M, Chen SC, McDonald KL, Kornblum HI, Endersby R, Adams TE, Johns TG. Most clinical anti-EGFR antibodies do not neutralize both wtEGFR and EGFRvIII activation in glioma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 21:1016-1027. [PMID: 31002307 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its truncated, autoactive mutant EGFR variant (v)III are bona fide drivers of tumorigenesis in some gliomas, therapeutic antibodies developed to neutralize this axis have not improved patient survival in a limited number of trials. Previous studies using cells transduced to exogenously express EGFRvIII may have compromised mechanistic studies of anti-EGFR therapeutics. Therefore, we re-assessed the activity of clinical EGFR antibodies in patient-derived gliomaspheres that endogenously express EGFRvIII. METHODS The antitumor efficacy of antibodies was assessed using in vitro proliferation assays and intracranial orthografts. Receptor activation status, antibody engagement, oncogenic signaling, and mechanism of action after antibody treatment were analyzed by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. Tracking of antibody receptor complexes was conducted using immunofluorescence. RESULTS The EGFR domain III-targeting antibodies cetuximab, necitumumab, nimotuzumab, and matuzumab did not neutralize EGFRvIII activation. Chimeric monoclonal antibody 806 (ch806) neutralized EGFRvIII, but not wild-type (wt)EGFR activation. Panitumumab was the only antibody that neutralized both EGFRvIII and wtEGFR, leading to reduction of p-S6 signaling and superior in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Mechanistically, panitumumab induced recycling of receptor but not degradation as previously described. Panitumumab, via its unique avidity, stably cross-linked EGFRvIII to prevent its activation, while ch806 induced a marked reduction in the active EGFRvIII disulphide-bonded dimer. CONCLUSIONS We discovered a previously unknown major resistance mechanism in glioma in that most EGFR domain III-targeting antibodies do not neutralize EGFRvIII. The superior in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of panitumumab supports further clinical testing of this antibody against EGFRvIII-stratified glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer A Greenall
- Department of Oncology, Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mathew McKenzie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Olan Dolezal
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - John Bentley
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mani Kuchibhotla
- Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shengnan C Chen
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kerrie L McDonald
- Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, New South Wales, Australia.,Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- The Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raelene Endersby
- Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Terrance G Johns
- Brain Cancer Discovery Collaborative, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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23
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Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), along with cyclin H and MAT1, forms the CDK-activating complex (CAK), which directs progression through the cell cycle via T-loop phosphorylation of cell cycle CDKs. CAK is also a component of the general transcription factor, TFIIH. CDK7-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at active gene promoters permits transcription. Cell cycle dysregulation is an established hallmark of cancer, and aberrant control of transcriptional processes, through diverse mechanisms, is also common in many cancers. Furthermore, CDK7 levels are elevated in a number of cancer types and are associated with clinical outcomes, suggestive of greater dependence on CDK7 activity, compared with normal tissues. These findings identify CDK7 as a cancer therapeutic target, and several recent publications report selective CDK7 inhibitors (CDK7i) with activity against diverse cancer types. Preclinical studies have shown that CDK7i cause cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and repression of transcription, particularly of super-enhancer-associated genes in cancer, and have demonstrated their potential for overcoming resistance to cancer treatments. Moreover, combinations of CDK7i with other targeted cancer therapies, including BET inhibitors, BCL2 inhibitors and hormone therapies, have shown efficacy in model systems. Four CDK7i, ICEC0942 (CT7001), SY-1365, SY-5609 and LY3405105, have now progressed to Phase I/II clinical trials. Here we describe the work that has led to the development of selective CDK7i, the current status of the most advanced clinical candidates, and discuss their potential importance as cancer therapeutics, both as monotherapies and in combination settings. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT03363893; NCT03134638; NCT04247126; NCT03770494.
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24
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Ge H, Yao Y, Jiang Y, Wu X, Wang Y. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK7 by THZ1 impairs tumor growth in p53-mutated HNSCC. Oral Dis 2021; 28:611-620. [PMID: 33503275 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) has been critically linked to human cancer. However, the roles of CDK7 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain incompletely known. Here, we sought to dissect the functions of CDK7 underlying HNSCC tumorigenesis and explore whether pharmacological inhibition of CDK7 could induce anti-cancer effects. METHODS CDK7 expression was measured in a panel of HNSCC cell lines with p53 mutation and 20 pairs of HNSCC samples and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Genetic targeting and pharmacological inhibition of CDK7 were conducted to dissect the biological roles of CDK7 in p53-mutated HNSCC cells. An HNSCC xenograft model was developed to determine the therapeutic effects of THZ1 in vivo. Potential genes and pathways responsible for therapeutic effects of THZ1 were identified by genome-wide RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics interrogations. RESULTS CDK7 expression was significantly elevated in cancerous cells and samples as compared with their adjacent non-tumor counterparts. Impaired cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well increased apoptosis were observed in cells upon CDK7 knockdown or THZ1 exposure. THZ1 administration potently inhibited tumor overgrowth in vivo. Mechanistically, hundreds of genes enriched in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer-related categories were identified to be potentially mediated the therapeutic effects of THZ1 in HNSCC. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that CDK7 might serve as a novel putative pro-oncogenic gene underlying HNSCC tumorigenesis and therapeutic targeting of CDK7 might be a promising strategy for p53-mutated HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China PRC.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China PRC
| | - Yuan Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China PRC.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China PRC
| | - Yue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China PRC.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China PRC
| | - Xiang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China PRC.,Department of Oral Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China PRC
| | - Yanling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China PRC.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China PRC
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25
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Gao L, Xia S, Zhang K, Lin C, He X, Zhang Y. Gene expression profile of THZ1-treated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines indicates its involvement in the inhibition of the cell cycle. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:445-460. [PMID: 35116274 PMCID: PMC8799269 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-19-2888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify downstream target genes and pathways regulated by THZ1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE95750 in two NPC cell lines, untreated group and treated with THZ1 group, was analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared using the R-software. Then Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (KEGG) was analyzed using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Cytoscape was used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verified the gene expression. RESULTS We identified 25 genes with increased expression and 567 genes with decreased expression in THZ1-treated NPC cells. The top 10 significantly DEGs between untreated group and THZ1 treated group were identified by qRT-PCR and the results were in agreement with RNA-seq. The total 592 DEGs were found enriched in 1,148 GO terms and 38 KEGG pathways. The most important enriched pathways identified were cell cycle related, and several related node genes were identified, such as CDC6, CDC34, CDK7, CDK9, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDT1, KIF11, LIN9, PLK1, and POLR family, which consistent with RNA-seq. CONCLUSIONS Our results emphasize the differential genes and pathways occurring in THZ1-treated NPC cells, which increases our understanding of the anti-tumor mechanisms of THZ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Gao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunyi Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengguang Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyu He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Said Hassane C, Fouillaud M, Le Goff G, Sklirou AD, Boyer JB, Trougakos IP, Jerabek M, Bignon J, de Voogd NJ, Ouazzani J, Gauvin-Bialecki A, Dufossé L. Microorganisms Associated with the Marine Sponge Scopalina hapalia: A Reservoir of Bioactive Molecules to Slow Down the Aging Process. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1262. [PMID: 32825344 PMCID: PMC7570120 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging research aims at developing therapies that delay normal aging processes and some related pathologies. Recently, many compounds and extracts from natural products have been shown to slow aging and/or extend lifespan. Marine sponges and their associated microorganisms have been found to produce a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites; however, those from the Southwest of the Indian Ocean are much less studied, especially regarding anti-aging activities. In this study, the microbial diversity of the marine sponge Scopalina hapalia was investigated by metagenomic analysis. Twenty-six bacterial and two archaeal phyla were recovered from the sponge, of which the Proteobacteria phylum was the most abundant. In addition, 30 isolates from S. hapalia were selected and cultivated for identification and secondary metabolites production. The selected isolates were affiliated to the genera Bacillus, Micromonospora, Rhodoccocus, Salinispora, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora and unidentified genera related to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Crude extracts from selected microbial cultures were found to be active against seven clinically relevant targets (elastase, tyrosinase, catalase, sirtuin 1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Fyn kinase and proteasome). These results highlight the potential of microorganisms associated with a marine sponge from Mayotte to produce anti-aging compounds. Future work will focus on the isolation and the characterization of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charifat Said Hassane
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (C.S.H.); (M.F.); (J.B.B.)
| | - Mireille Fouillaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (C.S.H.); (M.F.); (J.B.B.)
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (J.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Aimilia D. Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.D.S.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Jean Bernard Boyer
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (C.S.H.); (M.F.); (J.B.B.)
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.D.S.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Moran Jerabek
- Crelux GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Jérôme Bignon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (J.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Nicole J. de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (G.L.G.); (J.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (C.S.H.); (M.F.); (J.B.B.)
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (C.S.H.); (M.F.); (J.B.B.)
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27
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Campos PE, Herbette G, Chendo C, Clerc P, Tintillier F, de Voogd NJ, Papanagnou ED, Trougakos IP, Jerabek M, Bignon J, Le Goff G, Ouazzani J, Gauvin-Bialecki A. Osirisynes G-I, New Long-Chain Highly Oxygenated Polyacetylenes from the Mayotte Marine Sponge Haliclona sp. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070350. [PMID: 32635268 PMCID: PMC7401255 DOI: 10.3390/md18070350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical study of the CH2Cl2−MeOH (1:1) extract from the sponge Haliclona sp. collected in Mayotte highlighted three new long-chain highly oxygenated polyacetylenes, osirisynes G-I (1–3) together with the known osirisynes A (4), B (5), and E (6). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HRESIMS and MS/MS data. All compounds were evaluated on catalase and sirtuin 1 activation and on CDK7, proteasome, Fyn kinase, tyrosinase, and elastase inhibition. Five compounds (1; 3–6) inhibited proteasome kinase and two compounds (5–6) inhibited CDK7 and Fyn kinase. Osirisyne B (5) was the most active compound with IC50 on FYNB kinase, CDK7 kinase, and proteasome inhibition of 18.44 µM, 9.13 µM, and 0.26 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Eric Campos
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Gaëtan Herbette
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St Jérôme-Service 511, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Christophe Chendo
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St Jérôme-Service 511, 13397 Marseille, France; (G.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Patricia Clerc
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Florent Tintillier
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Nicole J. de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece; (E.-D.P.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece; (E.-D.P.); (I.P.T.)
| | - Moran Jerabek
- Crelux GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Jérôme Bignon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (J.B.); (G.L.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de chimie et de biotechnologie des produits naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, La Réunion, France; (P.-E.C.); (P.C.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262-2629-38197
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Yan G, Wang Y, Chen J, Zheng W, Liu C, Chen S, Wang L, Luo J, Li Z. Advances in drug development for targeted therapies for glioblastoma. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1950-1972. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Yunfu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Jincao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Wenzhong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Changzhen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Lianrong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
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29
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Therapeutic Targeting of the General RNA Polymerase II Transcription Machinery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093354. [PMID: 32397434 PMCID: PMC7246882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting the general RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription machinery are candidate therapeutics in cancer and other complex diseases. Here, we review the molecular targets and mechanisms of action of these compounds, framing them within the steps of RNAPII transcription. We discuss the effects of transcription inhibitors in vitro and in cellular models (with an emphasis on cancer), as well as their efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. We also discuss the rationale for inhibiting broadly acting transcriptional regulators or RNAPII itself in complex diseases.
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Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) plays crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle and transcription that are tightly associated with cancer development and metastasis. The recent identification of the first covalent inhibitor which possesses high specificity against CDK7 prompts intense studies on designing highly selective CDK7 inhibitors and exploring their applications in cancer treatments. This review summarizes the latest biological studies on CDK7 and reviews the development of CDK7 inhibitors in preclinical and clinical evaluations, along with the prospects and potential challenges in this research area. CDK7 is an attractive anticancer target, and the discovery and development of CDK7 inhibitors has received much attention.
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Diab S, Yu M, Wang S. CDK7 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: The Sweet Smell of Success? J Med Chem 2020; 63:7458-7474. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Diab
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mingfeng Yu
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shudong Wang
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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CDK7 Inhibition is Effective in all the Subtypes of Breast Cancer: Determinants of Response and Synergy with EGFR Inhibition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030638. [PMID: 32155786 PMCID: PMC7140476 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK7, a transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinase, is emerging as a novel cancer target. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) but not estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers have been reported to be uniquely sensitive to the CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 due to the inhibition of a cluster of TNBC-specific genes. However, bioinformatic analysis indicates that CDK7 RNA expression is associated with negative prognosis in all the major subtypes of breast cancer. To further elucidate the effects of CDK7 inhibition in breast cancer, we profiled a panel of cell lines representing different breast cancer subtypes. THZ1 inhibited cell growth in all subtypes (TNBC, HER2+, ER+, and HER2+/ER+) with no apparent subtype selectivity. THZ1 inhibited CDK7 activity and induced G1 arrest and apoptosis in all the tested cell lines, but THZ1 sensitivity did not correlate with CDK7 inhibition or CDK7 expression levels. THZ1 sensitivity across the cell line panel did not correlate with TNBC-specific gene expression but it was found to correlate with the differential inhibition of three genes: CDKN1B, MYC and transcriptional coregulator CITED2. Response to THZ1 also correlated with basal CITED2 protein expression, a potential marker of CDK7 inhibitor sensitivity. Furthermore, all of the THZ1-inhibited genes examined were inducible by EGF but THZ1 prevented this induction. THZ1 had synergistic or additive effects when combined with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib, with no outward selectivity for a particular subtype of breast cancer. These results suggest a potential broad utility for CDK7 inhibitors in breast cancer therapy and the potential for combining CDK7 and EGFR inhibitors.
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Zhang B, Zhong X, Sauane M, Zhao Y, Zheng ZL. Modulation of the Pol II CTD Phosphorylation Code by Rac1 and Cdc42 Small GTPases in Cultured Human Cancer Cells and Its Implication for Developing a Synthetic-Lethal Cancer Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030621. [PMID: 32143485 PMCID: PMC7140432 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases, including Rho, Cdc42, Rac and ROP subfamilies, are key signaling molecules in RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional control. Our prior work has shown that plant ROP and yeast Cdc42 GTPases similarly modulate Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the Pol II largest subunit by regulating CTD phosphatase degradation. Here, we present genetic and pharmacological evidence showing that Cdc42 and Rac1 GTPase signaling modulates a similar CTD Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation code in cultured human cancer cells. While siRNA knockdown of Cdc42 and Rac1, respectively, in HeLa cells increased the level of CTD Ser phosphatases RPAP2 and FCP1, they both decreased the level of CTD kinases CDK7 and CDK13. In addition, the protein degradation inhibitor MG132 reversed the effect of THZ1, a CDK7 inhibitor which could decrease the cell number and amount of CDK7 and CDK13, accompanied by a reduction in the level of CTD Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation and DOCK4 and DOCK9 (the activators for Rac1 and Cdc42, respectively). Conversely, treatments of Torin1 or serum deprivation, both of which promote protein degradation, could enhance the effect of THZ1, indicating the involvement of protein degradation in controlling CDK7 and CDK13. Our results support an evolutionarily conserved signaling shortcut model linking Rho GTPases to Pol II transcription across three kingdoms, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia, and could lead to the development of a potential synthetic-lethal strategy in controlling cancer cell proliferation or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Department of Biology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325060, China
| | - Xuelin Zhong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Biology PhD Program, Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Moira Sauane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Biology PhD Program, Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yihong Zhao
- Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies and Department of Applied Psychology, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zhi-Liang Zheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Correspondence:
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Chow PM, Liu SH, Chang YW, Kuo KL, Lin WC, Huang KH. The covalent CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 enhances temsirolimus-induced cytotoxicity via autophagy suppression in human renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 471:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Mo H, He J, Yuan Z, Wu Z, Liu B, Lin X, Guan J. PLK1 contributes to autophagy by regulating MYC stabilization in osteosarcoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7527-7536. [PMID: 31571905 PMCID: PMC6750617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PLK1, a typical PLK protein, is the main driver of cancer cell growth and proliferation. It is an inhibitor of the protein kinases that is currently being investigated in clinical studies. It is often used as a tumor marker, as high PLK1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in cancer. Overexpression of MYC is a hallmark of many human cancers. MYC modulates the transcription of thousands of genes that required to coordinate a series of cellular processes, including those essential for growth, proliferation, differentiation, self-renewal and apoptosis. To date, functions of PLK1 and MYC on tumor are mostly studied in separate researches, and studies on their mutual crosstalk are lacking. Purpose To investigate the mechanism of PLK1 and MYC in regulating progress of osteosarcoma. Methods Protein level was examined using Western blot. Animal experiments were performed with female FOX CHASE severe combined immunodeficient mice. Mice were randomly divided into experimental or control groups. Results PLK1 or MYC promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells through the autophagy pathway. PLK1 contributed to MYC protein stabilization. PLK1 inhibition enhanced MYC degradation in osteosarcoma cells. PLK1 inhibition led to a marked decline in MYC protein abundance. The representative MYC target genes were deregulated by PLK1 inhibitors. BI2536 treatment caused a significant delay in xenograft tumor growth in mice injected with U-2 OS cells subcutaneously, with lower mean tumor weight compared to the control group. Conclusion PLK1 is crucial for MYC stabilization. It promotes cell proliferation by autophagy pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Data validate PLK1 as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma caused by MYC-amplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juliang He
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 inhibits MCL1 synthesis and drives cholangiocarcinoma apoptosis in combination with BCL2/BCL-XL inhibitor ABT-263. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:602. [PMID: 31399555 PMCID: PMC6688996 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal disease without effective targeted therapy. We screened a small-molecule library of 116 inhibitors targeting different targets of the cell cycle and discovered several kinases, including Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) as vulnerabilities in CCA. Analysis of multiple CCA data sets demonstrated that CDK7 was overexpressed in CCA tissues. Further studies demonstrated that CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in CCA cells. We also showed that THZ1 inhibited CCA cell growth in a xenograft model. RNA-sequencing followed by Gene ontology analysis showed a striking impact of THZ1 on DNA-templated transcriptional programs. THZ1 downregulated CDK7-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II, indicative of transcriptional inhibition. A number of oncogenic transcription factors and survival proteins, like MCL1, FOSL1, and RUNX1, were repressed by THZ1. MCL1, one of the antiapoptotic BCL2 family members, was significantly inhibited upon THZ1 treatment. Accordingly, combining THZ1 with a BCL2/BCL-XL inhibitor ABT-263 synergized in impairing cell growth and driving apoptosis. Our results demonstrate CDK7 as a potential target in treating CCA. Combinations of CDK7 inhibition and BCL2/BCL-XL inhibition may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for CCA.
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Zhang Y, Zhou L, Bandyopadhyay D, Sharma K, Allen AJ, Kmieciak M, Grant S. The Covalent CDK7 Inhibitor THZ1 Potently Induces Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6195-6205. [PMID: 31358538 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to characterize the activity of the covalent CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 in multiple myeloma models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Multiple myeloma lines were exposed to varying THZ1 concentrations alone or with carfilzomib or ABT-199, after which apoptosis was monitored by flow cytometry, protein expression by Western blot analysis, mRNA by RT-PCR. Analogous studies were performed in cells ectopically expressing c-MYC, MCL-1, or BCL-XL, or CRISPER-Cas CDK7 sgRNA knockout. Primary multiple myeloma cells were exposed to THZ1 ± carfilzomib or ABT-199. In vivo effects of THZ1 were examined in a systemic U266 xenograft model. RESULTS THZ1 markedly diminished multiple myeloma cell proliferation and survival despite bortezomib or stromal cell resistance in association with G2-M arrest, inactivation of CTD RNA Pol II, dephosphorylation of CDKs 7 as well as 1, 2, and 9, and MCL-1, BCL-xL, and c-MYC mRNA or protein downregulation. Ectopic MCL-1, c-MYC, or BCL-XL expression significantly protected cells from THZ1 lethality. Both THZ1 and CRISPR-Cas CDK7 knockout sharply diminished multiple myeloma cell proliferation and significantly increased carfilzomib and ABT-199 lethality. Parallel effects and interactions were observed in primary CD138+ (N = 22) or primitive multiple myeloma cells (CD138-/CD19+/CD20+/CD27+; N = 16). THZ1 administration [10 mg/kg i.p. twice daily (BID), 5 days/week] significantly improved survival in a systemic multiple myeloma xenograft model with minimal toxicity and induced similar events observed in vitro, for example, MCL-1 and c-MYC downregulation. CONCLUSIONS THZ1 potently reduces multiple myeloma cell proliferation through transcriptional downregulation of MCL-1, BCL-XL, and c-MYC in vitro and in vivo. It warrants further attention as a therapeutic agent in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Liang Zhou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kanika Sharma
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Alexander Joseph Allen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - Steven Grant
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. .,Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
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Ning J, Ma X, Long C, Mao Y, Kuang X, Huang Z, Fan Y, Zhang H, Xia Q, Wang R, Liang Y, Lin S, Zhang Q, Shen H. Anti-tumor Drug THZ1 Suppresses TGFβ2-mediated EMT in Lens Epithelial Cells via Notch and TGFβ/Smad Signaling Pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:3778-3788. [PMID: 31333795 PMCID: PMC6636287 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective covalent CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 is a promising potential anti-tumor drug in many kinds of cancers. Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is highly related to cancer initiation, development, invasion and metastasis and other pathogenesis processes. We treated cancer cell line Hela229 and three retinoblastoma cell lines so-RB50, WERI-Rb-1, Y79 with gradient concentration of THZ1, and found that THZ1 could inhibit cell viability and EMT, suggesting that THZ1 may be a promising drug for human cervical cancer and retinoblastoma treatment. Our results verified the role of THZ1 in EMT for the first time, however, the mechanism needs further study. Here we report that THZ1 suppresses the TGFβ2 induced EMT in human SRA01/04 lens epithelial cells (LECs), rabbit primary lens epithelial cells, and whole rat lens culture semi-in vivo model. RNA-sequencing and KEGG analysis revealed that the THZ1 inhibits EMT by down-regulating phosphorylate Smad2 and Notch signaling pathway. On the other hand, we found that THZ1 could strongly inhibit LECs proliferation through G2/M phase arrest as well as attenuating of MAPK, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our results uncovered the function and underlying mechanism of THZ1 in regulation of EMT, which provides a new perspective of the anti-tumor effect by THZ1 and may offer a novel treatment for PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chongde Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xielan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zixin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Renchun Wang
- The Second Clinical Medicine School of Lanzhou University, No.199, West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingjiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Hu S, Marineau JJ, Rajagopal N, Hamman KB, Choi YJ, Schmidt DR, Ke N, Johannessen L, Bradley MJ, Orlando DA, Alnemy SR, Ren Y, Ciblat S, Winter DK, Kabro A, Sprott KT, Hodgson JG, Fritz CC, Carulli JP, di Tomaso E, Olson ER. Discovery and Characterization of SY-1365, a Selective, Covalent Inhibitor of CDK7. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3479-3491. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Stringer BW, Day BW, D'Souza RCJ, Jamieson PR, Ensbey KS, Bruce ZC, Lim YC, Goasdoué K, Offenhäuser C, Akgül S, Allan S, Robertson T, Lucas P, Tollesson G, Campbell S, Winter C, Do H, Dobrovic A, Inglis PL, Jeffree RL, Johns TG, Boyd AW. A reference collection of patient-derived cell line and xenograft models of proneural, classical and mesenchymal glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4902. [PMID: 30894629 PMCID: PMC6427001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-passage, serum-free cell lines cultured from patient tumour tissue are the gold-standard for preclinical studies and cellular investigations of glioblastoma (GBM) biology, yet entrenched, poorly-representative cell line models are still widely used, compromising the significance of much GBM research. We submit that greater adoption of these critical resources will be promoted by the provision of a suitably-sized, meaningfully-described reference collection along with appropriate tools for working with them. Consequently, we present a curated panel of 12 readily-usable, genetically-diverse, tumourigenic, patient-derived, low-passage, serum-free cell lines representing the spectrum of molecular subtypes of IDH-wildtype GBM along with their detailed phenotypic characterisation plus a bespoke set of lentiviral plasmids for bioluminescent/fluorescent labelling, gene expression and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene inactivation. The cell lines and all accompanying data are readily-accessible via a single website, Q-Cell (qimrberghofer.edu.au/q-cell/) and all plasmids are available from Addgene. These resources should prove valuable to investigators seeking readily-usable, well-characterised, clinically-relevant, gold-standard models of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan W Day
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Paul R Jamieson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Zara C Bruce
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yi Chieh Lim
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kate Goasdoué
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Seçkin Akgül
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Suzanne Allan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Peter Lucas
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gert Tollesson
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott Campbell
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Craig Winter
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hongdo Do
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Po-Ling Inglis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rosalind L Jeffree
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Terrance G Johns
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew W Boyd
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Hur JY, Kim HR, Lee JY, Park S, Hwang JA, Kim WS, Yoon S, Choi CM, Rho JK, Lee JC. CDK7 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for lung squamous cell carcinomas with a SOX2 amplification. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:449-458. [PMID: 30838525 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the development of molecular targeted therapies, few advances have been made in the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). SOX2 amplification is one of the most common genetic alterations in SCC. Here, we investigated the effects of THZ1, a potent cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) inhibitor that plays a key role in gene transcription, in SCC. METHODS Lung SCC-derived cell viabilities were assessed using a CCK-8 assay. SOX2 expression and RNAPII-CTD phosphorylation levels after THZ1 treatment were determined by Western blotting. The effect of SOX2 suppression using shRNA was assessed by flow cytometry. Gene expression patterns after THZ1 treatment of lung SCC-derived cells were identified using microarray-based mRNA profiling. RESULTS We found that THZ1 treatment led to suppression of cell growth and apoptotic cell death in SOX2-amplified SCC-derived cells only, whereas the modest growth-inhibitory effect of cisplatin did not differ according to SOX2 amplification status. We also found that THZ1 decreased the phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and the expression of several genes. Specifically, we found that the expression of transcription-associated genes, including SOX2, was down-regulated by THZ1 in SOX2-amplified SCC cells. This inhibition of SOX2 expression resulted in suppression of the growth of these cells. CONCLUSIONS From our data, we conclude that THZ1 may effectively control the proliferation and survival of SOX2-amplified SCC cells through a decrease in global transcriptional activity, suggesting that CDK7 inhibition leading to transcription suppression may be a promising therapeutic option for lung SCC with a SOX2 amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Hur
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
- Lung Cancer Center & Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Ryul Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sojung Park
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji An Hwang
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Sung Kim
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Rho
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Huang JR, Qin WM, Wang K, Fu DR, Zhang WJ, Jiang QW, Yang Y, Yuan ML, Xing ZH, Wei MN, Li Y, Shi Z. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 inhibitor THZ2 inhibits the growth of human gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3664-3676. [PMID: 30662617 PMCID: PMC6291693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is a member of the CDK family, which forms the CDK activating kinase complex with Cyclin H and RING finger protein Mat1 to control cell cycle progression and transcription by phosphorylating other CDKs and RNA polymerase II. In this study, we analyzed TCGA data and found that upregulation of CDK7 frequently occurred in human gastric cancer. A potent and selective irreversible CDK7 inhibitor THZ2 was able to induce cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis with the increasing intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels in gastric cancer cells. Pretreatment with ROS scavenger N-acety-L-cysteine partially reversed cell apoptosis induced by THZ2. In the nude mice, THZ2 also suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors of gastric cancer. Overall, our data showed that inhibition of CDK7 with THZ2 in gastric cancer presented outstanding anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that CDK7 is a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Wu-Ming Qin
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Deng-Rui Fu
- Guangzhou Yucai Middle SchoolGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Ji Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Wei Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng-Ling Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Hao Xing
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng-Ning Wei
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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Meng W, Wang J, Wang B, Liu F, Li M, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Li Q, Chen J, Zhang L, Tang Y, Ma J. CDK7 inhibition is a novel therapeutic strategy against GBM both in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5747-5758. [PMID: 30532595 PMCID: PMC6245350 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s183696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains to be one of the top lethal cancer types for adult to date. Current GBM therapies suffer greatly from the highly heterogeneous and adaptable nature of GBM cells, indicating an urgent need of alternative therapeutic options. In this study, we focused on identifying novel epigenetic targeted strategy against GBM. Methods A collection of epigenetic modulating small molecules were subjected to anti-GBM screening and the inhibitory effect of identified agent was validated both in vitro and in vivo. Genetic targeting approaches were also used to verify the on-target inhibitory effect of identified agent. Furthermore, the inhibitory mechanism of identified agent was investigated by integrative analyses of drug-treated GBM cells and GBM tumor databases. Results The covalent CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 was one of the top hits in our screening and its anti-GBM activity was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. CDK7 inhibition through CRISPR-Cas9 or RNA interference also markedly disrupted GBM cell growth. Furthermore, analyses of multiple GBM tumor databases consistently revealed that CDK7 expression was significantly elevated in GBM compared with normal brain tissues and lower grade gliomas. Higher CDK7 expression was correlated with worse prognosis for both glioma and GBM. Mechanistically, THZ1 treatment led to considerable disruption of global gene transcription in GBM cells, preferentially targeting those associated with super-enhancers (SEs). We also showed that THZ1 sensitive and SE-related genes had important roles for GBM growth. Conclusion Our study shows that targeting SE-associated transcription addiction by CDK7 inhibition could be an effective therapeutic strategy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Baocheng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Chenran Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Qifeng Li
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liye Zhang
- Zhang's Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Tang
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, , .,Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ,
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Duan J, He Y, Fu X, Deng Y, Zheng M, Lu D. CDK7 activated beta-catenin/TCF signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:461-467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zhong L, Yang S, Jia Y, Lei K. Inhibition of cyclin‐dependent kinase 7 suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing apoptosis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9742-9751. [PMID: 30145799 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhong
- Department of Oncology The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin China
| | - Sihao Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin China
| | - Yuming Jia
- Department of Oncology The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin China
| | - Kaijian Lei
- Department of Oncology The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin China
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Abstract
Inhibition of CDKs is an attractive approach to cancer therapy due to their vital role in cell growth and transcription. Pan-CDK inhibitors have shown some clinical benefit, and trials are ongoing. Selective CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors have been licensed for the treatment of hormone responsive, RB-positive breast cancer in combination with antihormonal agents. Selective inhibitors of CDKs 5, 7, 8, 9 and 12 have been identified across a range of chemotypes.
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47
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Chen D, Zhao Z, Huang Z, Chen DC, Zhu XX, Wang YZ, Yan YW, Tang S, Madhavan S, Ni W, Huang ZP, Li W, Ji W, Shen H, Lin S, Jiang YZ. Super enhancer inhibitors suppress MYC driven transcriptional amplification and tumor progression in osteosarcoma. Bone Res 2018; 6:11. [PMID: 29644114 PMCID: PMC5884797 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma that mostly occurs in young adults. The causes of osteosarcoma are heterogeneous and still not fully understood. Identification of novel, important oncogenic factors in osteosarcoma and development of better, effective therapeutic approaches are in urgent need for better treatment of osteosarcoma patients. In this study, we uncovered that the oncogene MYC is significantly upregulated in metastastic osteosarcoma samples. In addition, high MYC expression is associated with poor survival of osteosarcoma patients. Analysis of MYC targets in osteosarcoma revealed that most of the osteosarcoma super enhancer genes are bound by MYC. Treatment of osteosarcoma cells with super enhancer inhibitors THZ1 and JQ1 effectively suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, THZ1 treatment suppresses a large group of super enhancer containing MYC target genes including CDK6 and TGFB2. These findings revealed that the MYC-driven super enhancer signaling is crucial for the osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and targeting the MYC/super enhancer axis represents as a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Chen
- The Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Zixin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 Guangdong China
| | - Du-Chu Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong China
| | - Xin-Xing Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong China
| | - Yi-Ze Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong China
| | - Ya-Wei Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong China
| | - Shaojun Tang
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007 USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007 USA
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007 USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007 USA
| | - Weiyi Ni
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
| | - Zhan-peng Huang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Weidong Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 Guangdong China
- Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 Guangdong China
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong China
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Castro-Gamero AM, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Tone LG. G2/M inhibitors as pharmacotherapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma: the old, the new, and the future. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:354-374. [PMID: 30766748 PMCID: PMC6372908 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases, Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program and Pharmacy Program, Anhanguera University São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo 05145-200, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Tone
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Opoku-Temeng C, Dayal N, Hernandez DE, Naganna N, Sintim HO. Tetrahydro-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-a]phenanthridine-based CDK inhibitor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4521-4524. [PMID: 29629444 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01154k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases have emerged as important targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Opoku-Temeng
- Chemistry Department
- Institute for Drug Discovery
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Neetu Dayal
- Chemistry Department
- Institute for Drug Discovery
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Delmis E. Hernandez
- Chemistry Department
- Institute for Drug Discovery
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - N. Naganna
- Chemistry Department
- Institute for Drug Discovery
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Chemistry Department
- Institute for Drug Discovery
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
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50
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Li N, Shi H, Zhang L, Li X, Gao L, Zhang G, Shi Y, Guo S. miR-188 Inhibits Glioma Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Progression Through Targeting β-Catenin. Oncol Res 2017; 26:785-794. [PMID: 29268818 PMCID: PMC7844764 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15127309628257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in several human cancers. Although miR-188 has been suggested to function as a tumor repressor in cancers, its precise role in glioma and the molecular mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of miR-188 on glioma and explored its relevant mechanisms. We found that the expression of miR-188 is dramatically downregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Subsequent investigation revealed that miR-188 expression was inversely correlated with β-catenin expression in glioma tissue samples. Using a luciferase reporter assay, β-catenin was determined to be a direct target of miR-188. Overexpression of miR-188 reduced β-catenin expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, and inhibition of miR-188 increased β-catenin expression. Moreover, we found that overexpression of miR-188 suppressed glioma cell proliferation and cell cycle G1–S transition, whereas inhibition of miR-188 promoted glioma cell proliferation. Importantly, silencing β-catenin recapitulated the cellular and molecular effects seen upon miR-188 overexpression, which included inhibiting glioma cell proliferation and G1–S transition. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-188 inhibits glioma cell proliferation by targeting β-catenin, representing an effective therapeutic strategy for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Hangyu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Foreign Languages, Ming De College of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of First Internal Medicine, Shaanxi Province Tumor Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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