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Ramessur V, Hunma S, Joonas N, Ramessur BN, Schutz Y, Montani JP, Dulloo AG. Visceral-to-peripheral adiposity ratio: a critical determinant of sex and ethnic differences in cardiovascular risks among Asian Indians and African Creoles in Mauritius. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:1092-1102. [PMID: 38615158 PMCID: PMC11281908 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality are higher in people of South Asian origin than in those of African origin. We investigated whether as young adults without diabetes, people in Mauritius of South Asian descent (Indians) would show a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile that those of predominantly African descent (Creoles), and whether this could be explained by ethnic differences in visceral adiposity or other fat distribution patterns. METHODS The study was conducted in 189 young non-physically active adults, with the following measurements conducted after an overnight fast: anthropometry (weight, height, waist circumference), whole-body and regional body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, and blood assays for glycemic (glucose and HbA1c) and lipid profile (triglycerides and cholesterols). RESULTS The results indicate higher serum triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol in men than in women, and in Indians than in Creoles (p < 0.001). No significant differences due to sex or ethnicity are observed in body mass index and waist circumference, but indices of visceral adiposity (visceral/android, visceral/subcutaneous) and visceral-to-peripheral adiposity ratio (visceral/gynoid, visceral/limb) were significantly higher in men than in women, and in Indians than in Creoles. The significant effects of sex and ethnicity on blood lipid profile were either completely abolished or reduced to a greater extent after adjusting for the ratio of visceral-to-peripheral adiposity than for visceral adiposity per se. CONCLUSIONS In young adults in Mauritius, Indians show a more adverse pattern of body fat distribution and blood lipid risk profile than Creoles. Differences in their fat distribution patterns, however, only partially explain their differential atherogenic lipid risk profile, amid a greater impact of visceral-to-peripheral adiposity ratio than that of visceral adiposity per se on sex and ethnic differences in cardiovascular risks; the former possibly reflecting the ratio of hazardous (visceral) adiposity and protective (peripheral) superficial subcutaneous adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaysing Ramessur
- Obesity Research Unit, Biochemistry Dept., Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Ministry of Health & Wellness, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sadhna Hunma
- Obesity Research Unit, Biochemistry Dept., Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Ministry of Health & Wellness, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius
| | - Noorjehan Joonas
- Obesity Research Unit, Biochemistry Dept., Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Ministry of Health & Wellness, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius
| | - Bibi Nasreen Ramessur
- Obesity Research Unit, Biochemistry Dept., Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Ministry of Health & Wellness, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius
| | - Yves Schutz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Abdul G Dulloo
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Han SY, Lee SY, Suh MW, Lee JH, Park MK. Associations between tinnitus and body composition: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16373. [PMID: 39014109 PMCID: PMC11252995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between tinnitus and body composition in specific regions has not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to identify associations between tinnitus and body composition. Individuals with data on physical and otological examination findings, and bioelectrical impedance analysis were included from the ninth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. They were divided into a tinnitus group and a non-tinnitus group. Participants with tinnitus were further classified into acute or chronic tinnitus group. The tinnitus group showed significantly higher body fat percentages in each region (arms: P = 0.014; legs: P = 0.029; trunk: P = 0.008; whole body: P = 0.010) and waist circumference (P = 0.007) than the non-tinnitus group, and exhibited lower leg muscle percentage (P = 0.038), total body fluid percentage (P = 0.010), and intracellular fluid percentage (P = 0.009) than the non-tinnitus group in men. Furthermore, men with chronic tinnitus showed a significantly higher trunk fat percentage (P = 0.015) and waist circumference (P = 0.043), and lower intracellular fluid percentage (P = 0.042) than their counterparts without tinnitus. No significant differences in body composition were observed among the groups in the female population. In men, body composition may be associated with tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Han M, Cao X, Zhang J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Association of Aldosterone, Renin, and Aldosterone to Renin Ratio with Metabolic Profile in Primary Aldosteronism. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2065-2074. [PMID: 38778907 PMCID: PMC11110821 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s457243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the glycometabolism, fat mass, and lean mass in primary aldosteronism (PA) during disease progression. Patients and Methods Patients diagnosed with PA and healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. A flash glucose monitoring system (FGMS) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were used to measure glucose variability and glucose target rate along with fat mass and lean mass. Comparative analysis of FGMS- or DEXA-derived parameters along with correlation analyses between these parameters and PA progression were performed. Results Increased glucose variability and poor glucose target rate, along with an increased proportion of truncal fat mass, and decreased proportion of appendicular lean mass, were identified in PA group compared to those in HCs. Plasma aldosterone concentration was positively correlated with glucose variability and poor glucose target rate. Plasma renin concentration was positively correlated with the proportion of truncal fat mass and lean mass, and negatively correlated with the proportion of appendicular fat mass. Aldosterone-to-renin ratio was negatively correlated with the proportion of truncal fat mass and lean mass, and positively correlated with the proportion of appendicular fat mass. Conclusion Patients with PA presented significant differences in glycometabolism, fat mass, and lean mass compared with HCs, and these alterations correlated with PA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Cao
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xifeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
- Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China
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Sonaglioni A, Ferrulli A, Nicolosi GL, Lombardo M, Luzi L. The Influence of Anthropometrics on Cardiac Mechanics in Healthy Women With Opposite Obesity Phenotypes (Android vs Gynoid). Cureus 2024; 16:e51698. [PMID: 38187025 PMCID: PMC10768943 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The possible influence exerted by mechanical factors and/or compressive phenomena on myocardial strain parameters in healthy individuals with opposite obesity phenotypes (android vs gynoid) has never been previously investigated. Accordingly, we aimed at evaluating the relationship between anthropometrics, such as the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), modified Haller index (MHI, the ratio of chest transverse diameter over the distance between sternum and spine), and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), and left ventricular (LV)-global longitudinal strain (GLS), in healthy women with opposite obesity phenotypes (android vs gynoid). METHODS Forty healthy women with obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 Kg/m2) and WHR ≥0.85 ("android group") (52.5±13.2 yrs), 40 age- and BMI-matched healthy women with obesityand WHR <0.78 ("gynoid group") (49.8±13.4 yrs) and 40 age-matched healthy women without obesity (BMI <30 Kg/m2) (controls) (50.3±12.5 yrs) were retrospectively analyzed. All women underwent transthoracic echocardiography implemented with echocardiographic strain analysis of all cardiac chambers. Correlation between LV-GLS and anthropometrics (WHR, MHI, and EAT) was assessed in both groups of obese women. Age, WHR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and left ventricular mass index (LVMi) were included in the logistic regression analysis performed for evaluating the independent predictors of reduced LV-GLS magnitude (less negative than -20%) in women with android obesity. RESULTS Compared to the other groups of women, those with android obesity were found with significantly greater LVMi, higher LV filling pressures, and lower biventricular and biatrial deformation indices. A strong inverse correlation between LV-GLS and all anthropometrics (WHR, MHI, and EAT) was demonstrated in both groups of women with obesity. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that WHR (OR 1.58, 95%CI 1.22-2.03, p<0.001) and LVMi (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.02-1.16, p=0.006) were independently correlated with LV-GLS impairment in women with android obesity. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the WHR maintained a statistically significant association with the above-mentioned outcome (OR 1.68, 95%CI 1.14-2.48, p=0.009). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that a WHR value ≥1.01 had 93% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting LV-GLS impairment in women with android obesity (AUC=0.98; 95%CI 0.96-1.00). CONCLUSIONS Anthropometrics may strongly influence cardiac mechanics in healthy women with obesity. The WHR is associated with reduced LV-GLS magnitude in healthy women with android obesity, independent of age, glycometabolic status, and LV size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sonaglioni
- Cardiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, ITA
| | - Anna Ferrulli
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, ITA
| | | | - Michele Lombardo
- Cardiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, ITA
| | - Livio Luzi
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, ITA
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Nematollahi MA, Jahangiri S, Asadollahi A, Salimi M, Dehghan A, Mashayekh M, Roshanzamir M, Gholamabbas G, Alizadehsani R, Bazrafshan M, Bazrafshan H, Bazrafshan Drissi H, Shariful Islam SM. Body composition predicts hypertension using machine learning methods: a cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6885. [PMID: 37105977 PMCID: PMC10140285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We used machine learning methods to investigate if body composition indices predict hypertension. Data from a cohort study was used, and 4663 records were included (2156 were male, 1099 with hypertension, with the age range of 35-70 years old). Body composition analysis was done using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA); weight, basal metabolic rate, total and regional fat percentage (FATP), and total and regional fat-free mass (FFM) were measured. We used machine learning methods such as Support Vector Classifier, Decision Tree, Stochastic Gradient Descend Classifier, Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor, Multi-Layer Perceptron, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Histogram-based Gradient Boosting, Bagging, Extra Tree, Ada Boost, Voting, and Stacking to classify the investigated cases and find the most relevant features to hypertension. FATP, AFFM, BMR, FFM, TRFFM, AFATP, LFATP, and older age were the top features in hypertension prediction. Arm FFM, basal metabolic rate, total FFM, Trunk FFM, leg FFM, and male gender were inversely associated with hypertension, but total FATP, arm FATP, leg FATP, older age, trunk FATP, and female gender were directly associated with hypertension. AutoMLP, stacking and voting methods had the best performance for hypertension prediction achieving an accuracy rate of 90%, 84% and 83%, respectively. By using machine learning methods, we found that BIA-derived body composition indices predict hypertension with acceptable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soodeh Jahangiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arefeh Asadollahi
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azizallah Dehghan
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mina Mashayekh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Roshanzamir
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fasa University, Fasa, 74617-81189, Iran
| | - Ghazal Gholamabbas
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roohallah Alizadehsani
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Hanieh Bazrafshan
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Bazrafshan Drissi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 71348-14336, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Cardiovascular Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Efthymiou V, Patti ME. It Is Not Just Fat: Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Adipose Tissue Function. Curr Diab Rep 2022; 22:177-187. [PMID: 35267142 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-022-01455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the current review is to summarize findings from the most recent and impactful studies which investigated human and mouse adipose tissue transcriptomes at a single-cell level. We provide perspective about the potential importance of data derived from these single-cell technologies in improving our understanding of the adipose organ and metabolic disease and likely future directions of this approach. RECENT FINDINGS The majority of single-cell or single-nuclei studies of the adipose organ so far have focused on investigating the stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) of mouse subcutaneous and intraabdominal white and interscapular brown fat depots. Few studies have also evaluated the impact of additional factors as drivers of adipose phenotypes, such as high-fat diet-induced obesity, adolescence, aging, and cold exposure. Recent studies have also investigated human cell lines and human fat biopsies across a range of body mass index (BMI) and in response to insulin resistance or T2D. These studies have identified numerous previously unexplored subpopulations of adipocyte progenitors, immune cells, and mature adipocytes in both mice and men. Single-cell and single-nuclei technologies have brought an explosion of data that have advanced our understanding of the adipose organ in health and disease. However, we are still at the dawn of achieving a complete and comprehensive map of the mouse and human adipose organ. Multi-modal single-cell approaches to identify both anatomic localization of specific cellular populations and epigenetic mechanisms responsible for observed transcriptomic patterns are underway and will likely provide an even deeper understanding of the adipose organ in response to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vissarion Efthymiou
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Zaidi H, Aksnes T, Åkra S, Eggesbø HB, Byrkjeland R, Seljeflot I, Opstad TB. Abdominal Adipose Tissue Associates With Adiponectin and TNFα in Middle-Aged Healthy Men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:874977. [PMID: 35872989 PMCID: PMC9301307 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.874977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipokines are highly active biopeptides involved in glucose metabolism, insulin regulation and the development and progression of obesity and its associated diseases. It includes, among others, adiponectin, visfatin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The sources of adipokines and their associations with glucometabolic variables are not completely understood. AIM In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate whether gene expression levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of selected adipokines and their corresponding circulating levels associate with the amount of AT in superficial (sSAT), deep (dSAT) and visceral AT (VAT), assessed by computed tomography (CT). Any association with glucometabolic variables were also explored. METHODS In 103 healthy Caucasian men, aged 39.5 years, fasting venous blood and SAT samples from the gluteal region were collected. Ninety-four of the participants underwent CT assessment of the abdominal AT, which was divided into VAT, sSAT and dSAT. Circulating levels of adipokines were measured by ELISA and AT gene-expression by PCR. Insulin sensitivity was determined by glucose clamp, assessing glucose disposal rate (GDR). RESULTS Circulating adiponectin and TNFα gene expression correlated inversely and positively to the amount of AT in all three compartments (r=-0.266 to -0.276, p<0.05 for all) and (r=0.323 - 0.368, p<0.05 for all), respectively, with strongest correlations to the amount in sSAT and dSAT. When dividing AT compartments into quartiles, a tendency was observed towards lower circulating adiponectin and higher TNFα gene expression levels, respectively, with increasing amount of sSAT and dSAT. Circulating adiponectin correlated inversely to insulin, C-peptide and waist circumference (r=-456 to -0.373, p<0.001) and positively to GDR (r=0.356, p<0.001). AT-expressed visfatin correlated inversely to insulin and C-peptide (r=-0.370 and r=-0.404, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Increased amount of AT is associated with lower levels of adiponectin and increased levels of TNFα AT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Zaidi
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Hani Zaidi,
| | - Tonje Aksnes
- Section for Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart-, Lung-, and Vascular-Disease Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sissel Åkra
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
| | - Heidi B. Eggesbø
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Byrkjeland
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine B. Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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