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Gilbert JA, Hartmann EM. The indoors microbiome and human health. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01077-3. [PMID: 39030408 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Indoor environments serve as habitat for humans and are replete with various reservoirs and niches for microorganisms. Microorganisms enter indoor spaces with their human and non-human hosts, as well as via exchange with outdoor sources, such as ventilation and plumbing. Once inside, many microorganisms do not survive, especially on dry, barren surfaces. Even reduced, this microbial biomass has critical implications for the health of human occupants. As urbanization escalates, exploring the intersection of the indoor environment with the human microbiome and health is increasingly vital. The indoor microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms influenced by human activities and environmental factors, plays a pivotal role in modulating infectious diseases and fostering healthy immune development. Recent advancements in microbiome research shed light on this unique ecological system, highlighting the need for innovative approaches in creating health-promoting living spaces. In this Review, we explore the microbial ecology of built environments - places where humans spend most of their lives - and its implications for immune, endocrine and neurological health. We further propose strategies to harness the indoor microbiome for better health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Paediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Erica M Hartmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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2
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Bornbusch SL, Power ML, Schulkin J, Drea CM, Maslanka MT, Muletz-Wolz CR. Integrating microbiome science and evolutionary medicine into animal health and conservation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:458-477. [PMID: 37956701 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome science has provided groundbreaking insights into human and animal health. Similarly, evolutionary medicine - the incorporation of eco-evolutionary concepts into primarily human medical theory and practice - is increasingly recognised for its novel perspectives on modern diseases. Studies of host-microbe relationships have been expanded beyond humans to include a wide range of animal taxa, adding new facets to our understanding of animal ecology, evolution, behaviour, and health. In this review, we propose that a broader application of evolutionary medicine, combined with microbiome science, can provide valuable and innovative perspectives on animal care and conservation. First, we draw on classic ecological principles, such as alternative stable states, to propose an eco-evolutionary framework for understanding variation in animal microbiomes and their role in animal health and wellbeing. With a focus on mammalian gut microbiomes, we apply this framework to populations of animals under human care, with particular relevance to the many animal species that suffer diseases linked to gut microbial dysfunction (e.g. gut distress and infection, autoimmune disorders, obesity). We discuss diet and microbial landscapes (i.e. the microbes in the animal's external environment), as two factors that are (i) proposed to represent evolutionary mismatches for captive animals, (ii) linked to gut microbiome structure and function, and (iii) potentially best understood from an evolutionary medicine perspective. Keeping within our evolutionary framework, we highlight the potential benefits - and pitfalls - of modern microbial therapies, such as pre- and probiotics, faecal microbiota transplants, and microbial rewilding. We discuss the limited, yet growing, empirical evidence for the use of microbial therapies to modulate animal gut microbiomes beneficially. Interspersed throughout, we propose 12 actionable steps, grounded in evolutionary medicine, that can be applied to practical animal care and management. We encourage that these actionable steps be paired with integration of eco-evolutionary perspectives into our definitions of appropriate animal care standards. The evolutionary perspectives proposed herein may be best appreciated when applied to the broad diversity of species under human care, rather than when solely focused on humans. We urge animal care professionals, veterinarians, nutritionists, scientists, and others to collaborate on these efforts, allowing for simultaneous care of animal patients and the generation of valuable empirical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Bornbusch
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Michael L Power
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Jay Schulkin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 356460, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christine M Drea
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, 104 Biological Sciences, Campus Box 90383, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Michael T Maslanka
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Carly R Muletz-Wolz
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
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3
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Wang S, Zhuang Y, Gao L, Huang H, Zhang X, Jia S, Shi P, Zhang XX. Deciphering the dynamics and driving mechanisms of high-risk antibiotic resistome in size-fractionated bacterial community during drinking water chlorination via metagenomic analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133572. [PMID: 38280321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
To reveal the impact of chlorination on the high-risk resistome in size-fractionated bacterial community, we employed metagenomic approaches to decipher dynamics of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and driving mechanisms in the free-living and particle-associated fractions within a full-scale drinking water treatment system. Our results revealed that chlorination significantly increased the relative abundance of high-risk ARGs in the free-living fraction to 0.33 ± 0.005 copies/cell (cpc), bacitracin and chloramphenicol resistance types were major contributors. Furthermore, chlorination significantly increased the relative abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the free-living fraction, while decreasing it in the particle-associated fraction. During chlorination, size-fractionated bacterial communities varied considerably. Multiple statistical analyses highlighted the pivotal role of the bacterial community in altering high-risk ARGs in both the free-living and particle-associated fractions, while MGEs had a more pronounced impact on high-risk ARGs in the free-living fraction. Specifically, the enrichment of pathogenic hosts, such as Comamonas and Pseudomonas, led to an increase in the abundance of high-risk ARGs. Concurrently, MGEs exhibited significant correlations with high-risk ARGs, indicating the potential of horizontal transfer of high-risk ARGs. These findings provide novel insights for mitigating antibiotic resistance risk by considering different bacterial fractions and respective risk ranks in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Linjun Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongbin Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuyu Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Peng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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4
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Guo C, Chen Q, Fan G, Sun Y, Nie J, Shen Z, Meng Z, Zhou Y, Li S, Wang S, Ma J, Sun Q, Wu L. gcPathogen: a comprehensive genomic resource of human pathogens for public health. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D714-D723. [PMID: 37850635 PMCID: PMC10767814 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the manually curated Global Catalogue of Pathogens (gcPathogen), an extensive genomic resource designed to facilitate rapid and accurate pathogen analysis, epidemiological exploration and monitoring of antibiotic resistance features and virulence factors. The catalogue seamlessly integrates and analyzes genomic data and associated metadata for human pathogens isolated from infected patients, animal hosts, food and the environment. The pathogen list is supported by evidence from medical or government pathogenic lists and publications. The current version of gcPathogen boasts an impressive collection of 1 164 974 assemblies comprising 986 044 strains from 497 bacterial taxa, 4794 assemblies encompassing 4319 strains from 265 fungal taxa, 89 965 assemblies featuring 13 687 strains from 222 viral taxa, and 646 assemblies including 387 strains from 159 parasitic taxa. Through this database, researchers gain access to a comprehensive 'one-stop shop' that facilitates global, long-term public health surveillance while enabling in-depth analysis of genomes, sequence types, antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements across different countries, diseases and hosts. To access and explore the data and statistics, an interactive web interface has been developed, which can be accessed at https://nmdc.cn/gcpathogen/. This user-friendly platform allows seamless querying and exploration of the extensive information housed within the gcPathogen database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongye Guo
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guomei Fan
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingyi Nie
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhihong Shen
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhou
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shiwen Li
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Juncai Ma
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qinglan Sun
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linhuan Wu
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Lu Y, Yang J, Zhang L, Chen F, Han P, Fu Y. Characteristics of bacterial community and ARG profiles in the surface and air environments in a spacecraft assembly cleanroom. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121613. [PMID: 37087089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in spacecraft assembly cleanrooms is crucial for spacecraft microbial control and astronaut safety. However, there have been few reports of ARG profiles and their relationship with microbiomes in such environments. In the present study, we assessed the bacterial community and ARGs in the air dust and surface environments of a typical spacecraft assembly cleanroom. Our results show a significant difference in bacterial composition between surfaces and air dust, as they belong to two distinct ecostates. Bacillus and Acinetobacter were significantly enriched in the air samples. Bacterial community network analysis revealed lower topological parameters and robustness of bacterial networks in the air samples. We also observed different distribution patterns of some typical ARGs between surface and air dust samples. Notably, the ermB gene exhibited a relatively high copy number and was enriched in the surface environment, compared to that in the air. Overall, our study provides insight into the complex microbial community and the distribution and transfer of ARGs in spacecraft assembly cleanrooms, and offers important input for developing control strategies against ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Jianlou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lantao Zhang
- Institute of Manned Space System and Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, China.
| | - Fangqi Chen
- Shen Yuan Honors College, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Pei Han
- Laboratory of Space Utilization, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China.
| | - Yuming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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6
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Liu S, Wang P, Wang C, Chen J, Wang X, Hu B, Shan X. Disparate toxicity mechanisms of parabens with different alkyl chain length in freshwater biofilms: Ecological hazards associated with antibiotic resistome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163168. [PMID: 37003345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
As emerging organic pollutants, parabens are of global concern because of their ubiquitous presence and adverse effects. However, few researchers have addressed the relationship between parabens' structural features and toxicity mechanisms. This study conducted theoretical calculations and laboratory exposure experiments to uncover the toxic effects and mechanisms of parabens with different alkyl chains in freshwater biofilms. The result demonstrated that parabens' hydrophobicity and lethality increased with their alkyl-chain length, whereas the possibility of chemical reactions and reactive sites were unchanged despite the alkyl-chain length alteration. Due to the hydrophobicity variation, parabens with different alkyl-chain presented different distribution patterns in cells of freshwater biofilms and consequently induced distinct toxic effects and led to diverse cell death modes. The butylparaben with longer alkyl-chain preferred to stay in the membrane and altered membrane permeability by non-covalent interaction with phospholipid, which caused cell necrosis. The methylparaben with shorter alkyl-chain preferred to enter into the cytoplasm and influence mazE gene expression by chemically reacting with biomacromolecules, thereby triggering apoptosis. The different cell death patterns induced by parabens contributed to different ecological hazards associated with antibiotic resistome. Compared with butylparaben, methylparaben was more likely to spread ARGs among microbial communities despite its lower lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiaorong Shan
- Sid and Reva Dewberry Dept. of Civil, Environmental, & Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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Zhou JC, Wang YF, Zhu D, Zhu YG. Deciphering the distribution of microbial communities and potential pathogens in the household dust. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162250. [PMID: 36804982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The reliance of modern society on indoor environments increasing has made them crucial sites for human exposure to microbes. Extensive research has identified ecological drivers that influence indoor microbial assemblages. However, few studies have examined the dispersion of microbes in different locations of identical indoor environments. In this study, we employed PacBio Sequel full-length amplicon sequencing to examine the distribution of microbes at distinct locations in a single home and to identify the potential pathogens and microbial functions. Microbial communities differed considerably among the indoor sampling sites (P < 0.05). In addition, bacterial diversity was influenced by human activities and contact with the external environment at different sites, whereas fungal diversity did not significantly differ among the sites. Potential pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, were significantly enriched on the door handle (P < 0.05), suggesting that door handles may be hotpots for potential pathogens in the household. A high proportion of fungal allergens (34.37 %-56.50 %), which can cause skin diseases and asthma, were observed. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed the essential ecological role of microbial interactions in the development of a healthy immune system. Overall, we revealed the differences in microbial communities at different sampling sites within a single indoor environment, highlighting the distribution of potential pathogens and ecological functions of microbes, and providing a new perspective and information for assessing indoor health from a microbiological viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; International School of Beijing, Beijing 101318, China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China.
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Vázquez-Cabrera N, Espinosa-Márquez A, Cedillo-Ramírez ML. [Historical evolution of World Health Organization guidelines on antimicrobial resistanceEvolução histórica da Organização Mundial da Saúde e a resistência aos antimicrobianos]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e51. [PMID: 36843661 PMCID: PMC9943709 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Show the evolution of guidelines on public health policies focused on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1948 and 2022. Other related government actions are also mentioned. Methods A detailed review was conducted of World Health Assembly and WHO Executive Board archives. A textual analysis was conducted of AMR-related resolutions that guide the design of government policies and actions for WHO Member States. A systematic search was carried out in SCOPUS, PubMed, and grey literature under the category of public health policies on AMR. Results AMR has become the greatest threat to public health, putting at risk the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. WHO resolutions are presented as evidence of guidelines to combat AMR. The One Health approach and related strategies, initiatives, plans, and programs are mentioned. A gap was identified in the research and development of new antimicrobials, requiring further analysis. Conclusions WHO has made efforts to combat AMR. This has generated comprehensive development of public health policies to be implemented by the governments of Member States as they see fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nixache Vázquez-Cabrera
- Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaMéxicoInstituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México.,Nixache Vázquez-Cabrera,
| | - Araceli Espinosa-Márquez
- Instituto de Ciencias de Gobierno y Desarrollo EstratégicoBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaMéxicoInstituto de Ciencias de Gobierno y Desarrollo Estratégico, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México.
| | - María Lilia Cedillo-Ramírez
- Centro de Detección BiomolecularBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaMéxicoCentro de Detección Biomolecular, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México.
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Bastos MC, Rheinheimer DDS, Le Guet T, Vargas Brunet J, Aubertheau E, Mondamert L, Labanowski J. Presence of pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes in river epilithic biofilms exposed to intense agricultural and urban pressure. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:328. [PMID: 36697888 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The continuous discharge of pharmaceutical compounds into the aquatic environment has raised concerns over the contamination of water resources. Urban activities and intensive animal breeding are important sources of contamination. The accumulation of antibiotics may lead to the transfer or alternatively maintain the presence of resistance genes in natural microbial communities existing in epilithic biofilms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmaceutical contamination levels and the presence of resistance genes in biofilms from a South Brazilian watershed. The Guaporé watershed exhibits a high diversity of land use, including agricultural and urban areas with differing levels of anthropogenic pressure. Seventeen sites along the Guaporé watershed were monitored. Biofilm samples were collected in two seasons (winter and summer), and the pharmaceutical concentration and quantity of resistance genes were analyzed. All monitored sites were contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Agricultural activities contribute through transferring pharmaceuticals derived from the application of animal waste to agricultural fields. The most contaminated site (pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes) was located in an urban area exposed to high pressure. Decreases in the contamination of biofilms were also observed, exemplifying processes of natural attenuation in the watershed. The quality of the biofilms sampled throughout the watershed served as a useful tool to understand and monitor environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Camotti Bastos
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, N° 1000, Bairro Camobi, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France.
| | - Danilo Dos Santos Rheinheimer
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, N° 1000, Bairro Camobi, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Thibaut Le Guet
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Jocelina Vargas Brunet
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, N° 1000, Bairro Camobi, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Elodie Aubertheau
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Leslie Mondamert
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Jérôme Labanowski
- Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
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10
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Sabatino R, Sbaffi T, Corno G, de Carvalho DS, Trovatti Uetanabaro AP, Góes-Neto A, Podolich O, Kozyrovska N, de Vera JP, Azevedo V, Barh D, Di Cesare A. Metagenome Analysis Reveals a Response of the Antibiotic Resistome to Mars-like Extraterrestrial Conditions. ASTROBIOLOGY 2022; 22:1072-1080. [PMID: 35714354 PMCID: PMC9508453 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance is becoming a serious global health concern. Numerous studies have been done to investigate the dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in both indoor and outdoor environments. Nonetheless, few studies are available about the dynamics of the antibiotic resistome (total content of ARGs in the microbial cultures or communities) under stress in outer space environments. In this study, we aimed to experimentally investigate the dynamics of ARGs and metal resistance genes (MRGs) in Kombucha Mutualistic Community (KMC) samples exposed to Mars-like conditions simulated during the BIOMEX experiment outside the International Space Station with analysis of the metagenomics data previously produced. Thus, we compared them with those of the respective non-exposed KMC samples. The antibiotic resistome responded to the Mars-like conditions by enriching its diversity with ARGs after exposure, which were not found in non-exposed samples (i.e., tet and van genes against tetracycline and vancomycin, respectively). Furthermore, ARGs and MRGs were correlated; therefore, their co-selection could be assumed as a mechanism for maintaining antibiotic resistance in Mars-like environments. Overall, these results highlight the high plasticity of the antibiotic resistome in response to extraterrestrial conditions and in the absence of anthropogenic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Sabatino
- Water Research Institute (IRSA) - MEG Molecular Ecology Group, CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Verbania, Italy
| | - Tomasa Sbaffi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA) - MEG Molecular Ecology Group, CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Verbania, Italy
| | - Gianluca Corno
- Water Research Institute (IRSA) - MEG Molecular Ecology Group, CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Verbania, Italy
| | - Daniel Santana de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Trovatti Uetanabaro
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brasil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olga Podolich
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Jean-Pierre de Vera
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Space Operations and Astronaut Training, Microgravity User Support Center (MUSC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), West Bengal, India
| | - Andrea Di Cesare
- Water Research Institute (IRSA) - MEG Molecular Ecology Group, CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Verbania, Italy
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Bornbusch SL, Greene LK, Rahobilalaina S, Calkins S, Rothman RS, Clarke TA, LaFleur M, Drea CM. Gut microbiota of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) vary across natural and captive populations and correlate with environmental microbiota. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:29. [PMID: 35484581 PMCID: PMC9052671 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-population variation in host-associated microbiota reflects differences in the hosts' environments, but this characterization is typically based on studies comparing few populations. The diversity of natural habitats and captivity conditions occupied by any given host species has not been captured in these comparisons. Moreover, intraspecific variation in gut microbiota, generally attributed to diet, may also stem from differential acquisition of environmental microbes-an understudied mechanism by which host microbiomes are directly shaped by environmental microbes. To more comprehensively characterize gut microbiota in an ecologically flexible host, the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta; n = 209), while also investigating the role of environmental acquisition, we used 16S rRNA sequencing of lemur gut and soil microbiota sampled from up to 13 settings, eight in the wilderness of Madagascar and five in captivity in Madagascar or the U.S. Based on matched fecal and soil samples, we used microbial source tracking to examine covariation between the two types of consortia. RESULTS The diversity of lemur gut microbes varied markedly within and between settings. Microbial diversity was not consistently greater in wild than in captive lemurs, indicating that this metric is not necessarily an indicator of host habitat or environmental condition. Variation in microbial composition was inconsistent both with a single, representative gut community for wild conspecifics and with a universal 'signal of captivity' that homogenizes the gut consortia of captive animals. Despite the similar, commercial diets of captive lemurs on both continents, lemur gut microbiomes within Madagascar were compositionally most similar, suggesting that non-dietary factors govern some of the variability. In particular, soil microbial communities varied across geographic locations, with the few samples from different continents being the most distinct, and there was significant and context-specific covariation between gut and soil microbiota. CONCLUSIONS As one of the broadest, single-species investigations of primate microbiota, our study highlights that gut consortia are sensitive to multiple scales of environmental differences. This finding begs a reevaluation of the simple 'captive vs. wild' dichotomy. Beyond the important implications for animal care, health, and conservation, our finding that environmental acquisition may mediate aspects of host-associated consortia further expands the framework for how host-associated and environmental microbes interact across different microbial landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L. Bornbusch
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | | | | | - Samantha Calkins
- Department of Psychology, Program in Animal Behavior and Conservation, Hunter College, New York, NY USA
| | - Ryan S. Rothman
- Institute for the Conservation of Tropical Environments, Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Tara A. Clarke
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Marni LaFleur
- Department of Anthropology, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Christine M. Drea
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
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12
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The Bacterial Urban Resistome: Recent Advances. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040512. [PMID: 35453263 PMCID: PMC9030810 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cities that are densely populated are reservoirs of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). The overall presence of all resistance genes in a specific environment is defined as a resistome. Spatial proximity of surfaces and different hygienic conditions leads to the transfer of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) within urban environments. Built environments, public transportation, green spaces, and citizens’ behaviors all support persistence and transfer of antimicrobial resistances (AMR). Various unique aspects of urban settings that promote spread and resilience of ARGs/ARB are discussed: (i) the role of hospitals and recreational parks as reservoirs; (ii) private and public transportation as carriers of ARGs/ARB; (iii) the role of built environments as a hub for horizontal gene transfer even though they support lower microbial biodiversity than outdoor environments; (iv) the need to employ ecological and evolutionary concepts, such as modeling the fate of a specific ARG/ARB, to gain enhanced health risk assessments. Our understanding and our ability to control the rise of AMR in an urban setting is linked to our knowledge of the network connecting urban reservoirs and the environment.
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13
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Cox J, Stone T, Ryan P, Burkle J, Jandarov R, Mendell MJ, Niemeier-Walsh C, Reponen T. Residential bacteria and fungi identified by high-throughput sequencing and childhood respiratory health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112377. [PMID: 34800538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine and compare environmental microbiota from dust and children's respiratory health outcomes at ages seven and twelve. At age seven, in-home visits were conducted for children enrolled in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS). Floor dust was collected and analyzed for bacterial (16 S rRNA gene) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer region) microbiota. Respiratory outcomes, including physician-diagnosed asthma, wheeze, rhinitis, and aeroallergen sensitivity were assessed by physical examination and caregiver-report at ages seven and twelve. The associations between dust microbiota and respiratory outcomes were evaluated using Permanova, DESeq, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models. Four types of WQS regression models were run to identify mixtures of fungi or bacteria that were associated with the absence or presence of health outcomes. For alpha or beta diversity of fungi and bacteria, no significant associations were found with respiratory health outcomes. DESeq identified specific bacterial and fungal indicator taxa that were higher or lower with the presence of different health outcomes. Most individual indicator fungal species were lower with asthma and wheeze and higher with aeroallergen positivity and rhinitis, whereas bacterial data was less consistent. WQS regression models demonstrated that a combination of species might influence health outcomes. Several heavily weighted species had a strong influence on the models, and therefore, created a microbial community that was associated with the absence or presence of asthma, wheeze, rhinitis, and aeroallergen+. Weights for specific species within WQS regression models supported indicator taxa findings. Health outcomes might be more influenced by the composition of a complex mixture of bacterial and fungal species in the indoor environment than by the absence or presence of individual species. This study demonstrates that WQS is a useful tool in evaluating mixtures in relation to potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Cox
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Timothy Stone
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeff Burkle
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Roman Jandarov
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Christine Niemeier-Walsh
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environment and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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14
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Adi Wicaksono W, Reisenhofer-Graber T, Erschen S, Kusstatscher P, Berg C, Krause R, Cernava T, Berg G. Phyllosphere-associated microbiota in built environment: Do they have the potential to antagonize human pathogens? J Adv Res 2022; 43:109-121. [PMID: 36585101 PMCID: PMC9811327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The plant microbiota is known to protect its host against invasion by plant pathogens. Recent studies have indicated that the microbiota of indoor plants is transmitted to the local built environment where it might fulfill yet unexplored functions. A better understanding of the interplay of such microbial communities with human pathogens might provide novel cues related to natural inhibition of them. OBJECTIVE We studied the plant microbiota of two model indoor plants, Musa acuminata and Chlorophytum comosum, and their effect on human pathogens. The main objective was to identify mechanisms by which the microbiota of indoor plants inhibits human-pathogenic bacteria. METHODS Microbial communities and functioning were investigated using a comprehensive set of experiments and methods combining amplicon and shotgun metagenomic analyses with results from interaction assays. RESULTS A diverse microbial community was found to be present on Musa and Chlorophytum grown in different indoor environments; the datasets comprised 1066 bacterial, 1261 fungal, and 358 archaeal ASVs. Bacterial communities were specific for each plant species, whereas fungal and archaeal communities were primarily shaped by the built environment. Sphingomonas and Bacillus were found to be prevalent components of a ubiquitous core microbiome in the two model plants; they are well-known for antagonistic activity towards plant pathogens. Interaction assays indicated that they can also antagonize opportunistic human pathogens. Moreover, the native plant microbiomes harbored a broad spectrum of biosynthetic gene clusters, and in parallel, a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes. By conducting comparative metagenomic analyses between plants and abiotic surfaces, we found that the phyllosphere microbiota harbors features that are clearly distinguishable from the surrounding abiotic surfaces. CONCLUSIONS Naturally occurring phyllosphere bacteria can potentially act as a protective shield against opportunistic human pathogens. This knowledge and the underlying mechanisms can provide an important basis to establish a healthy microbiome in built environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisnu Adi Wicaksono
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Sabine Erschen
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Peter Kusstatscher
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian Berg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University, Graz, Austria.
| | - Robert Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria.
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria.
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria; Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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15
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Legacy and Emerging Pollutants in an Urban River Stretch and Effects on the Bacterioplankton Community. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13233402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
River contamination is due to a chemical mixture of point and diffuse pollution, which can compromise water quality. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and emerging compounds such as pharmaceuticals and antibiotics are frequently found in rivers flowing through big cities. This work evaluated the presence of fifteen priority PAHs, eight pharmaceuticals including the antibiotics ciprofloxacin (CIP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), together with their main antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and the structure of the natural bacterioplankton community, in an urbanized stretch of the river Danube. SMX and diclofenac were the most abundant chemicals found (up to 20 ng/L). ARGs were also found to be detected as ubiquitous contaminants. A principal component analysis of the overall microbiological and chemical data revealed which contaminants were correlated with the presence of certain bacterial groups. The highest concentrations of naphthalene were associated with Deltaproteobacteria and intI1 gene. Overall, the most contaminated site was inside the city and located immediately downstream of a wastewater treatment plant. However, both the sampling points before the river reached the city and in its southern suburban area were still affected by emerging and legacy contamination. The diffuse presence of antibiotics and ARGs causes particular concern because the river water is used for drinking purposes.
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Bolujoko NB, Unuabonah EI, Alfred MO, Ogunlaja A, Ogunlaja OO, Omorogie MO, Olukanni OD. Toxicity and removal of parabens from water: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148092. [PMID: 34147811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are biocides used as preservatives in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. They possess antibacterial and antifungal activity due to their ability to disrupt cell membrane and intracellular proteins, and cause changes in enzymatic activity of microbial cells. Water, one of our most valuable natural resource, has become a huge reservoir for parabens. Halogenated parabens from chlorination/ozonation of water contaminated with parabens have shown to be even more persistent in water than other types of parabens. Unfortunately, there is dearth of data on their (halogenated parabens) presence and fate in groundwater which serves as a major source of drinking water for a huge population in developing countries. An attempt to neglect the presence of parabens in water will expose man to it through ingestion of contaminated food and water. Although there are reviews on the occurrence, fate and behaviour of parabens in the environment, they largely omit toxicity and removal aspects. This review therefore, presents recent reports on the acute and chronic toxicity of parabens, their estrogenic agonistic and antagonistic activity and also their relationship with antimicrobial resistance. This article further X-rays several techniques that have been employed for the removal of parabens in water and their drawbacks including adsorption, biodegradation, membrane technology and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The heterogeneous photocatalytic process (one of the AOPs) appears to be more favoured for removal of parabens due to its ability to mineralize parabens in water. However, more work is needed to improve this ability of heterogeneous photocatalysts. Perspectives that will be relevant for future scientific studies and which will drive policy shift towards the presence of parabens in our drinking waters are also offered. It is hoped that this review will elicit some spontaneous actions from water professionals, scientists and policy makers alike that will provide more data, effective technologies, and adaptive policies that will address the growing threat of the presence of parabens in our environment with respect to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel B Bolujoko
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel I Unuabonah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Moses O Alfred
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Aemere Ogunlaja
- African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa O Ogunlaja
- African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Martins O Omorogie
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Olumide D Olukanni
- African Centre of Excellence for Water and Environmental Research (ACEWATER), Redeemer's University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
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17
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Blaustein RA, Michelitsch LM, Glawe AJ, Lee H, Huttelmaier S, Hellgeth N, Ben Maamar S, Hartmann EM. Toothbrush microbiomes feature a meeting ground for human oral and environmental microbiota. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:32. [PMID: 33517907 PMCID: PMC7849112 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00983-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While indoor microbiomes impact our health and well-being, much remains unknown about taxonomic and functional transitions that occur in human-derived microbial communities once they are transferred away from human hosts. Toothbrushes are a model to investigate the potential response of oral-derived microbiota to conditions of the built environment. Here, we characterize metagenomes of toothbrushes from 34 subjects to define the toothbrush microbiome and resistome and possible influential factors. RESULTS Toothbrush microbiomes often comprised a dominant subset of human oral taxa and less abundant or site-specific environmental strains. Although toothbrushes contained lower taxonomic diversity than oral-associated counterparts (determined by comparison with the Human Microbiome Project), they had relatively broader antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) profiles. Toothbrush resistomes were enriched with a variety of ARGs, notably those conferring multidrug efflux and putative resistance to triclosan, which were primarily attributable to versatile environmental taxa. Toothbrush microbial communities and resistomes correlated with a variety of factors linked to personal health, dental hygiene, and bathroom features. CONCLUSIONS Selective pressures in the built environment may shape the dynamic mixture of human (primarily oral-associated) and environmental microbiota that encounter each other on toothbrushes. Harboring a microbial diversity and resistome distinct from human-associated counterparts suggests toothbrushes could potentially serve as a reservoir that may enable the transfer of ARGs. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Blaustein
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Adam J. Glawe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Hansung Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Stefanie Huttelmaier
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Nancy Hellgeth
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Sarah Ben Maamar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Erica M. Hartmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
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18
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Cao L, Yang L, Swanson CS, Li S, He Q. Comparative analysis of impact of human occupancy on indoor microbiomes. FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 15:89. [PMID: 33425458 PMCID: PMC7783699 DOI: 10.1007/s11783-020-1383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Educational facilities serve as community hubs and consequently hotspots for exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it is of critical importance to understand processes shaping the indoor microbiomes in educational facilities to protect public health by reducing potential exposure risks of students and the broader community. In this study, the indoor surface bacterial microbiomes were characterized in two multifunctional university buildings with contrasting levels of human occupancy, of which one was recently constructed with minimal human occupancy while the other had been in full operation for six years. Higher levels of human occupancy in the older building were shown to result in greater microbial abundance in the indoor environment and greater proportion of the indoor surface bacterial microbiomes contributed from human-associated microbiota, particularly the skin microbiota. It was further revealed that human-associated microbiota had greater influence on the indoor surface bacterial microbiomes in areas of high occupancy than areas of low occupancy. Consistent with minimal impact from human occupancy in a new construction, the indoor microbiomes in the new building exhibited significantly lower influence from human-associated microbiota than in the older building, with microbial taxa originating from soil and plants representing the dominant constituents of the indoor surface bacterial microbiomes. In contrast, microbial taxa in the older building with extensive human occupancy were represented by constituents of the human microbiota, likely from occupants. These findings provide insights into processes shaping the indoor microbiomes which will aid the development of effective strategies to control microbial exposure risks of occupants in educational facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Clifford S. Swanson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
- Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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