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Kalisch R, Russo SJ, Müller MB. Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1205-1263. [PMID: 38483288 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts to unravel the factors and mechanisms that make resilience possible and to harness its insights for the development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk for acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological resilience research has been lagging behind the psychological and social sciences but has seen a massive surge in recent years. At the same time, progress in this field has been hampered by methodological challenges related to finding suitable operationalizations and study designs, replicating findings, and modeling resilience in animals. We embed a review of behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, and systems biological findings in adults in a critical methods discussion. We find preliminary evidence that hippocampus-based pattern separation and prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against the development of pathological fears in the aftermath of singular, event-type stressors [as found in fear-related disorders, including simpler forms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] by facilitating the perception of safety. Reward system-based pursuit and savoring of positive reinforcers appear to protect against the development of more generalized dysfunctions of the anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from more severe or longer-lasting stressors (as in depression, generalized or comorbid anxiety, or severe PTSD). Links between preserved functioning of these neural systems under stress and neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, and integrity of the gut barrier and the blood-brain barrier are beginning to emerge. On this basis, avenues for biological interventions are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Tian H, Gao S, Xu M, Yang M, Shen M, Liu J, Li G, Zhuang D, Hu Z, Wang C. tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 in major depressive disorder: Promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1952-1972. [PMID: 38439581 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In major depressive disorder (MDD), exploration of biomarkers will be helpful in diagnosing the disorder as well as in choosing a treatment and predicting the treatment response. Currently, tRNA-derived small ribonucleic acids (tsRNAs) have been established as promising non-invasive biomarker candidates that may enable a more reliable diagnosis or monitoring of various diseases. Herein, we aimed to explore tsRNA expression together with functional activities in MDD development. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Serum samples were obtained from patients with MDD and healthy controls, and small RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to profile tsRNA expression. Dysregulated tsRNAs in MDD were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The diagnostic utility of specific tsRNAs and the expression of these tsRNAs after antidepressant treatment were analysed. KEY RESULTS In total, 38 tsRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in MDD samples relative to healthy individuals (34 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated). qRT-PCR was used to validate the expression of six tsRNAs that were up-regulated in MDD (tiRNA-1:20-chrM.Ser-GCT, tiRNA-1:33-Gly-GCC-1, tRF-1:22-chrM.Ser-GCT, tRF-1:31-Ala-AGC-4-M6, tRF-1:31-Pro-TGG-2 and tRF-1:32-chrM.Gln-TTG). Interestingly, serum tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 levels exhibited an area under the ROC curve of 0.844. Moreover, tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 is predicted to suppress brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Furthermore, significant tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 down-regulation was evident following an 8-week treatment course and served as a promising baseline predictor of patient response to antidepressant therapy. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our current work reports for the first time that tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 is a promising MDD biomarker candidate that can predict patient responses to antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Tian
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shugui Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jimeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangxue Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingding Zhuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang Y. The dual roles of serotonin in antitumor immunity. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107255. [PMID: 38862071 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that a significant portion of cancer patients experience depressive symptoms, often accompanied by neuroendocrine hormone imbalances. Depression is frequently associated with decreased levels of serotonin with the alternate name 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), leading to the common use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as antidepressants. However, the role of serotonin in tumor regulation remains unclear, with its expression levels displaying varied effects across different types of tumors. Tumor initiation and progression are closely intertwined with the immune function of the human body. Neuroimmunity, as an interdisciplinary subject, has played a unique role in the study of the relationship between psychosocial factors and tumors and their mechanisms in recent years. This article offers a comprehensive review of serotonin's regulatory roles in tumor onset and progression, as well as its impacts on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. The aim is to stimulate further interdisciplinary research and discover novel targets for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Li C, Xue Q, Li H, Peng Y, Wu Y, Yuan M, Duan Q, Hong X, Chen G, Liao F, Wu P, Miao C. Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule improves rheumatoid arthritis accompanied depression through the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112474. [PMID: 38917529 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Research on the mechanism of Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsules (HQC) in improving rheumatoid arthritis accompanied depression (RA-dep) model rats. METHODS We employed real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR), western blotting (WB), confocal microscopy, bioinformatics, and other methods to investigate the anti-RA-dep effects of HQC and its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS HQC alleviated the pathological indexes of inflammation and depression in RA-dep model rats, decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, increased the levels of norepinephrine(NE) and serotonin(5-HT), and improved the injury of hippocampus. The analysis of network pharmacology suggests that HQC may target the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the treatment of RA-dep. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations revealed a strong affinity between HQC and the Wnt1 molecule. RT-qPCR and Western Blot (WB) experiments confirmed the critical role of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway in the treatment of RA-dep model rats with HQC. In vitro, the HQC drug-containing serum (HQC-serum) activates the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway in hippocampal cells and, in conjunction with Wnt1, ameliorates RA-dep. In summary, HQC exerts its anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effects in the treatment of RA-dep by binding to Wnt1 and regulating the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS HQC improved the inflammatory reaction and depression-like behavior of RA-dep model rats by activating Wnt1/β-catenin signal pathway. This study revealed a new pathogenesis of RA-dep and contributes to the clinical promotion of HQC in the treatment of RA-dep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Qiuyun Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yajie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Meiling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Qiangjun Duan
- Department of Experimental Teaching Center, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xinghui Hong
- Department of Experimental Teaching Center, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Faxue Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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5
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Al-Sharif NB, Zavaliangos-Petropulu A, Narr KL. A review of diffusion MRI in mood disorders: mechanisms and predictors of treatment response. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01894-3. [PMID: 38902355 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
By measuring the molecular diffusion of water molecules in brain tissue, diffusion MRI (dMRI) provides unique insight into the microstructure and structural connections of the brain in living subjects. Since its inception, the application of dMRI in clinical research has expanded our understanding of the possible biological bases of psychiatric disorders and successful responses to different therapeutic interventions. Here, we review the past decade of diffusion imaging-based investigations with a specific focus on studies examining the mechanisms and predictors of therapeutic response in people with mood disorders. We present a brief overview of the general application of dMRI and key methodological developments in the field that afford increasingly detailed information concerning the macro- and micro-structural properties and connectivity patterns of white matter (WM) pathways and their perturbation over time in patients followed prospectively while undergoing treatment. This is followed by a more in-depth summary of particular studies using dMRI approaches to examine mechanisms and predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression receiving pharmacological, neurostimulation, or behavioral treatments. Limitations associated with dMRI research in general and with treatment studies in mood disorders specifically are discussed, as are directions for future research. Despite limitations and the associated discrepancies in findings across individual studies, evolving research strongly indicates that the field is on the precipice of identifying and validating dMRI biomarkers that could lead to more successful personalized treatment approaches and could serve as targets for evaluating the neural effects of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor B Al-Sharif
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Zhang WJ, Guo ZX, Wang YD, Fang SY, Wan CM, Yu XL, Guo XF, Chen YY, Zhou X, Huang JQ, Li XJ, Chen JX, Fan LL. From Perspective of Hippocampal Plasticity: Function of Antidepressant Chinese Medicine Xiaoyaosan. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3908-0. [PMID: 38900227 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is one of the most commonly studied brain regions in the context of depression. The volume of the hippocampus is significantly reduced in patients with depression, which severely disrupts hippocampal neuroplasticity. However, antidepressant therapies that target hippocampal neuroplasticity have not been identified as yet. Chinese medicine (CM) can slow the progression of depression, potentially by modulating hippocampal neuroplasticity. Xiaoyaosan (XYS) is a CM formula that has been clinically used for the treatment of depression. It is known to protect Gan (Liver) and Pi (Spleen) function, and may exert its antidepressant effects by regulating hippocampal neuroplasticity. In this review, we have summarized the association between depression and aberrant hippocampal neuroplasticity. Furthermore, we have discussed the researches published in the last 30 years on the effects of XYS on hippocampal neuroplasticity in order to elucidate the possible mechanisms underlying its therapeutic action against depression. The results of this review can aid future research on XYS for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jing Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi-di Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shao-Yi Fang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chun-Miao Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Long Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yue-Yue Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Li Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Fan X, Sun L, Qin Y, Liu Y, Wu S, Du L. The Role of HSP90 Molecular Chaperones in Depression: Potential Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04284-4. [PMID: 38896156 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by high rates of disability and death and has become a public health problem that threatens human life and health worldwide. HPA axis disorder and neuroinflammation are two common biological abnormalities in MDD patients. Hsp90 is an important molecular chaperone that is widely distributed in the organism. Hsp90 binds to the co-chaperone and goes through a molecular chaperone cycle to complete its regulation of the client protein. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Hsp90 regulates how the HPA axis reacts to stress and how GR, the HPA axis' responsive substrate, matures. In addition, Hsp90 exhibits pro-inflammatory effects that are closely related to neuroinflammation in MDD. Currently, Hsp90 inhibitors have made some progress in the treatment of a variety of human diseases, but they still need to be improved. Further insight into the role of Hsp90 in MDD provides new ideas for the development of new antidepressant drugs targeting Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyuan Fan
- Department of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of the Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longfei Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China.
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Saccaro LF, Tassone M, Tozzi F, Rutigliano G. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of N-acetyl aspartate in first depressive episode and chronic major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:265-282. [PMID: 38554884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) is a marker of neuronal integrity and metabolism. Deficiency in neuronal plasticity and hypometabolism are implicated in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) pathophysiology. To test if cerebral NAA concentrations decrease progressively over the MDD course, we conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies comparing NAA concentrations in chronic MDD (n = 1308) and first episode of depression (n = 242) patients to healthy controls (HC, n = 1242). Sixty-two studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effect model for each brain region. NAA concentrations were significantly reduced in chronic MDD compared to HC within the frontal lobe (Hedges' g = -0.330; p = 0.018), the occipital lobe (Hedges' g = -0.677; p = 0.007), thalamus (Hedges' g = -0.673; p = 0.016), and frontal (Hedges' g = -0.471; p = 0.034) and periventricular white matter (Hedges' g = -0.478; p = 0.047). We highlighted a gap of knowledge regarding NAA levels in first episode of depression patients. Sensitivity analyses indicated that antidepressant treatment may reverse NAA alterations in the frontal lobe. We highlighted field strength and correction for voxel grey matter as moderators of NAA levels detection. Future studies should assess NAA alterations in the early stages of the illness and their longitudinal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Matteo Tassone
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Tozzi
- Bio@SNS laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Rutigliano
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, MRI Steiner Unit, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Wu X, Liu C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Song L, Qin L, Zhang T, He Q. The role of TrkB signaling-mediated synaptic plasticity in the antidepressant properties of catalpol, the main active compound of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118448. [PMID: 38871009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (RGL) is a famous ethnic medicine contained in antidepressant Chinese Medicine formulas and is traditionally clinically used for depression. We have recently confirmed that RGL enhanced synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of Chinese medical syndrome and that catalpol may be the representatively pharmacological component responsible for its improvement in synaptic plasticity and treatment of depression. Impaired synaptic plasticity is closely linked to major depression. Tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling has recently been discovered as a key pathway for synaptic plasticity improvement and antidepressant discovery. However, to date, it is unknown whether the target of catalpol to improve synaptic plasticity involves TrkB and whether its antidepressant mechanism involves synaptic plasticity mediated by TrkB signaling. AIM OF STUDY This study aims to uncover the antidepressant targets and mechanisms of catalpol, the main active compound of RGL, based on TrkB signaling-mediated synaptic plasticity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have recently predicted through molecular networking strategy (including network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation) that catalpol may exert its antidepressant effects by regulating TrkB signaling and thus modulating essential synaptic plasticity proteins. Then, this study used classic behavioral tests, targeted diagnostic reagents, Nissl and Golgi staining, immunohistochemical analysis, immunofluorescence analysis, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and quantitative PCR to confirm the target and signaling of catalpol to improve synaptic plasticity for the treatment of depression. RESULTS The data showed that catalpol could improve synaptic plasticity and depressive behaviors, and its action pathway was predicted to involve TrkB signaling. Subsequently, the blockade of TrkB abolished the improvement of synaptic plasticity by catalpol and its antidepressant properties, which validated that TrkB signaling was the key pathway for catalpol to improve synaptic plasticity and exert antidepressant properties. Inhibition of COX-2 was likely to be a necessary facilitator for the antidepressant efficacy of catalpol via the TrkB target and TrkB-mediated synaptic plasticity. CONCLUSION TrkB signaling-mediated synaptic plasticity plays a key role in the antidepressant properties of catalpol. This study provides critical information for the development of new and targeted antidepressant therapies or treatment strategies by catalpol. However, considering the existence of sex differences in depression (female depression is 2-3 times than that of males) and not exploring the antidepressant sex specificity of catalpol is a limitation, we will investigate the sex specificity of the antidepressant effects and molecular mechanisms of catalpol on sex-specific animals in the future, to provide a preclinical basis for more accurate and targeted medication of catalpol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Chen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Junming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Yamin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Yanmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Lingling Song
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Lingyu Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
| | - Qingwen He
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China;.
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Khalil MH. Environmental enrichment: a systematic review on the effect of a changing spatial complexity on hippocampal neurogenesis and plasticity in rodents, with considerations for translation to urban and built environments for humans. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1368411. [PMID: 38919908 PMCID: PMC11196820 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1368411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hippocampal neurogenesis is critical for improving learning, memory, and spatial navigation. Inhabiting and navigating spatial complexity is key to stimulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in rodents because they share similar hippocampal neuroplasticity characteristics with humans. AHN in humans has recently been found to persist until the tenth decade of life, but it declines with aging and is influenced by environmental enrichment. This systematic review investigated the impact of spatial complexity on neurogenesis and hippocampal plasticity in rodents, and discussed the translatability of these findings to human interventions. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted on three databases in English: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. All literature published until December 2023 was screened and assessed for eligibility. A total of 32 studies with original data were included, and the process is reported in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement and checklist. Results The studies evaluated various models of spatial complexity in rodents, including environmental enrichment, changes to in-cage elements, complex layouts, and navigational mazes featuring novelty and intermittent complexity. A regression equation was formulated to synthesize key factors influencing neurogenesis, such as duration, physical activity, frequency of changes, diversity of complexity, age, living space size, and temperature. Conclusion Findings underscore the cognitive benefits of spatial complexity interventions and inform future translational research from rodents to humans. Home-cage enrichment and models like the Hamlet complex maze and the Marlau cage offer insight into how architectural design and urban navigational complexity can impact neurogenesis in humans. In-space changing complexity, with and without physical activity, is effective for stimulating neurogenesis. While evidence on intermittent spatial complexity in humans is limited, data from the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns provide preliminary evidence. Existing equations relating rodent and human ages may allow for the translation of enrichment protocol durations from rodents to humans.
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Xie X, Yan B, Yang L, Deng L, Xue X, Gao M, Wei H, Chen S, Wu Y, Yang X, Ma P. Prenatal co-exposure to diisodecyl phthalate and ozone contribute to depressive behavior in offspring mice through oxidative stress and TWIST1 participation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172411. [PMID: 38608898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) during early pregnancy may be a risk factor for depressive behavior in offspring. While ozone (O3) exposure also raises the probability of depressive behavior during the preceding DIDP-induced process. In the present study, we investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to DIDP and O3 on the development of depressive-like behavior in offspring mice. The study found that prenatal exposure to both DIDP and O3 significantly increased depressive-like behavior in the offspring mice compared to either DIDP or O3 alone. Prenatal exposure to DIDP and O3 obviously increased the levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, and decreased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) in the brain tissues of offspring mice. Transcriptome analysis further revealed significant alterations in genes related to oxidative stress and TWIST1 (a helix-loop-helix transcription factor) in response to the combined exposure to DIDP and O3. HPA axis activation, dysregulation of neurodevelopmental factors, oxidative stress and TWIST1 involvement, collectively contributed to the development of depression-like behaviors in offspring mice following prenatal exposure to DIDP and O3. Moreover, the study also verified the potential role of oxidative stress using vitamin E as an antioxidant. The findings provide valuable evidence for the relationship between co-exposure to DIDP and O3 and depression, highlighting the importance of considering the combined effects of multiple environmental pollutants in assessing their impact on mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Biao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Linjing Deng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, PR China
| | - Xin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Minmin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Huaqin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Shaohui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China.
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Zeng NX, Li H, Su MY, Chen X, Yang XY, Shen M. Therapeutic potential of Erxian decoction and its special chemical markers in depression: a review of clinical and preclinical studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1377079. [PMID: 38915473 PMCID: PMC11194323 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of depression is a major societal burden. The etiology of depression involves multiple mechanisms. Thus, the outcomes of the currently used treatment for depression are suboptimal. The anti-depression effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations have piqued the interest of the scientific community owing to their multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-link characteristics. According to the TCM theory, the functioning of the kidney is intricately linked to that of the brain. Clinical observations have indicated the therapeutic potential of the kidney-tonifying formula Erxian Decoction (EXD) in depression. This review aimed to comprehensively search various databases to summarize the anti-depression effects of EXD, explore the underlying material basis and mechanisms, and offer new suggestions and methods for the clinical treatment of depression. The clinical and preclinical studies published before 31 August 2023, were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Clinical studies have demonstrated that EXD exhibits therapeutic properties in patients with menopausal depression, postpartum depression, and maintenance hemodialysis-associated depression. Meanwhile, preclinical studies have reported that EXD and its special chemical markers exert anti-depression effects by modulating monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibiting neuroinflammation, augmenting synaptic plasticity, exerting neuroprotective effects, regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, promoting neurogenesis, and altering cerebrospinal fluid composition. Thus, the anti-depression effects of EXD are mediated through multiple ingredients, targets, and links. However, further clinical and animal studies are needed to investigate the anti-depression effects of EXD and the underlying mechanisms and offer additional evidence and recommendations for its clinical application. Moreover, strategies must be developed to improve the quality control of EXD. This review provides an overview of EXD and guidance for future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xi Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Su
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mei Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang P, Jin W, Lyu Z, Lyu X, Li L. Study on the mechanism of gut microbiota in the pathogenetic interaction between depression and Parkinson 's disease. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111001. [PMID: 38852651 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Depression and Parkinson's disease share pathogenetic characteristics, meaning that they can impact each other and exacerbate their respective progression. From a pathogenetic perspective, depression can develop into Parkinson's disease and is a precursor symptom of Parkinson's disease; Parkinson's disease is also often accompanied by depression. From a pharmacological perspective, the use of antidepressants increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, and therapeutic medications for Parkinson's disease can exacerbate symptoms of depression. Therefore, identifying how Parkinson's disease and depression impact each other in their development is key to formulating preventive measures and targeted treatment. One commonality in the pathogenesis of depression and Parkinson's disease are alterations in the gut microbiota, with mechanisms interacting in neural, immune inflammatory, and neuroendocrine pathways. This paper reviews the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of depression and Parkinson's disease; conducts a study of the relationship between both conditions and medication; and suggests that dysregulated gut microbiota may be a key factor in explaining the relationship between Parkinson's disease and depression. Finally, on the basis of these findings, this article hopes to provide suggestions that new ideas for the prevention and treatment of depression and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wei Jin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhaoshun Lyu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xinxuan Lyu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China.
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14
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Arellano JI, Rakic P. Modelling adult neurogenesis in the aging rodent hippocampus: a midlife crisis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1416460. [PMID: 38887368 PMCID: PMC11181911 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1416460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Contrary to humans, adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents is not controversial. And in the last three decades, multiple studies in rodents have deemed adult neurogenesis essential for most hippocampal functions. The functional relevance of new neurons relies on their distinct physiological properties during their maturation before they become indistinguishable from mature granule cells. Most functional studies have used very young animals with robust neurogenesis. However, this trait declines dramatically with age, questioning its functional relevance in aging animals, a caveat that has been mentioned repeatedly, but rarely analyzed quantitatively. In this meta-analysis, we use data from published studies to determine the critical functional window of new neurons and to model their numbers across age in both mice and rats. Our model shows that new neurons with distinct functional profile represent about 3% of the total granule cells in young adult 3-month-old rodents, and their number decline following a power function to reach less than 1% in middle aged animals and less than 0.5% in old mice and rats. These low ratios pose an important logical and computational caveat to the proposed essential role of new neurons in the dentate gyrus, particularly in middle aged and old animals, a factor that needs to be adequately addressed when defining the relevance of adult neurogenesis in hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon I. Arellano
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Pasko Rakic
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience at Yale, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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15
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Deng Y, Liang X, Li Y, Jiang L, Wang J, Tang J, Li J, Xie Y, Xiao K, Zhu P, Guo Y, Luo Y, Tang Y. PGC-1α in the hippocampus mediates depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours and regulates excitatory synapses in the dentate gyrus in mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 250:109908. [PMID: 38492883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity is an important pathological change in stress-related mood disorders, including major depressive disorder. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. PGC-1α, a transcriptional coactivator, is a key factor in synaptic plasticity. We investigated the relationships between changes in hippocampal PGC-1α expression and depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours, and whether they are related to hippocampal synapses. Adeno-associated virus was used to alter hippocampal PGC-1α expression in male C57BL/6 mice. The sucrose preference test and forced swimming test were used to assess their depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours, respectively. Immunohistochemistry and stereology were used to calculate the total number of excitatory synapses in each hippocampal subregion (the cornu ammonis (CA) 1, CA3, and dentate gyrus). Immunofluorescence was used to visualize the changes in dendritic structure. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of hippocampal PGC-1α and mitochondrial-associated proteins, such as UCP2, NRF1 and mtTFAs. Our results showed that mice with downregulated PGC-1α expression in the hippocampus exhibited depressive-like and passive stress-coping behaviours, while mice with upregulated PGC-1α in the hippocampus exhibited increased stress-coping behaviours. Moreover, the downregulation of hippocampal PGC-1α expression resulted in a decrease in the number of excitatory synapses in the DG and in the protein expression of UCP2 in the hippocampus. Alternatively, upregulation of hippocampal PGC-1α yielded the opposite results. This suggests that hippocampal PGC-1α is involved in regulating depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours and modulating the number of excitatory synapses in the DG. This provides new insight for the development of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Lab Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yuhan Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Peilin Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yijing Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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16
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Haniff ZR, Bocharova M, Mantingh T, Rucker JJ, Velayudhan L, Taylor DM, Young AH, Aarsland D, Vernon AC, Thuret S. Psilocybin for dementia prevention? The potential role of psilocybin to alter mechanisms associated with major depression and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 258:108641. [PMID: 38583670 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Major depression is an established risk factor for subsequent dementia, and depression in late life may also represent a prodromal state of dementia. Considering current challenges in the clinical development of disease modifying therapies for dementia, the focus of research is shifting towards prevention and modification of risk factors to alter the neurodegenerative disease trajectory. Understanding mechanistic commonalities underlying affective symptoms and cognitive decline may reveal biomarkers to aid early identification of those at risk of progressing to dementia during the preclinical phase of disease, thus allowing for timely intervention. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a phenomenon that describes the birth of new neurons in the dentate gyrus throughout life and it is associated with spatial learning, memory and mood regulation. Microglia are innate immune system macrophages in the central nervous system that carefully regulate AHN via multiple mechanisms. Disruption in AHN is associated with both dementia and major depression and microgliosis is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that psychedelics promote neuroplasticity, including neurogenesis, and may also be immunomodulatory. In this context, psilocybin, a serotonergic agonist with rapid-acting antidepressant properties has the potential to ameliorate intersecting pathophysiological processes relevant for both major depression and neurodegenerative diseases. In this narrative review, we focus on the evidence base for the effects of psilocybin on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and microglial form and function; which may suggest that psilocybin has the potential to modulate multiple mechanisms of action, and may have implications in altering the progression from major depression to dementia in those at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarah R Haniff
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mariia Bocharova
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Mantingh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - James J Rucker
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Latha Velayudhan
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Taylor
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Division of Neuroscience of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Anthony C Vernon
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
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Sancho-Balsells A, Borràs-Pernas S, Flotta F, Chen W, Del Toro D, Rodríguez MJ, Alberch J, Blivet G, Touchon J, Xifró X, Giralt A. Brain-gut photobiomodulation restores cognitive alterations in chronically stressed mice through the regulation of Sirt1 and neuroinflammation. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:574-588. [PMID: 38490587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress is an important risk factor for the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies have shown microbiome dysbiosis as one of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with MDD. Thus, it is important to find novel non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies that can modulate gut microbiota and brain activity. One such strategy is photobiomodulation (PBM), which involves the non-invasive use of light. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS Brain-gut PBM could have a synergistic beneficial effect on the alterations induced by chronic stress. METHODS We employed the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol to induce a depressive-like state in mice. Subsequently, we administered brain-gut PBM for 6 min per day over a period of 3 weeks. Following PBM treatment, we examined behavioral, structural, molecular, and cellular alterations induced by CUMS. RESULTS We observed that the CUMS protocol induces profound behavioral alterations and an increase of sirtuin1 (Sirt1) levels in the hippocampus. We then combined the stress protocol with PBM and found that tissue-combined PBM was able to rescue cognitive alterations induced by CUMS. This rescue was accompanied by a restoration of hippocampal Sirt1 levels, prevention of spine density loss in the CA1 of the hippocampus, and the modulation of the gut microbiome. PBM was also effective in reducing neuroinflammation and modulating the morphology of Iba1-positive microglia. LIMITATIONS The molecular mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of tissue-combined PBM are not fully understood. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that non-invasive photobiomodulation of both the brain and the gut microbiome could be beneficial in the context of stress-induced MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sancho-Balsells
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Borràs-Pernas
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Flotta
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Wanqi Chen
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Toro
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel J Rodríguez
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain; Production and Validation Centre of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Xavier Xifró
- New Therapeutic Targets Group, Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Albert Giralt
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain.
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Hunt C, Vinograd M, Glynn LM, Davis EP, Baram TZ, Stern H, Nievergelt C, Cuccurazzu B, Napan C, Delmar D, Baker DG, Risborough VB. Childhood unpredictability is associated with increased risk for long- and short-term depression and anhedonia symptoms following combat deployment. JOURNAL OF MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS 2024; 6:100045. [PMID: 38911511 PMCID: PMC11192232 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
High unpredictability has emerged as a dimension of early-life adversity that may contribute to a host of deleterious consequences later in life. Early-life unpredictability affects development of limbic and reward circuits in both rodents and humans, with a potential to increase sensitivity to stressors and mood symptoms later in life. Here, we examined the extent to which unpredictability during childhood was associated with changes in mood symptoms (anhedonia and general depression) after two adult life stressors, combat deployment and civilian reintegration, which were assessed ten years apart. We also examined how perceived stress and social support mediated and /or moderated links between childhood unpredictability and mood symptoms. To test these hypotheses, we leveraged the Marine Resiliency Study, a prospective longitudinal study of the effects of combat deployment on mental health in Active-Duty Marines and Navy Corpsman. Participants (N = 273) were assessed for depression and anhedonia before (pre-deployment) and 3-6 months after (acute post-deployment) a combat deployment. Additional assessment of depression and childhood unpredictability were collected 10 years post-deployment (chronic post-deployment). Higher childhood unpredictability was associated with higher anhedonia and general depression at both acute and chronic post-deployment timepoints (βs ≥ 0.16, ps ≤.007). The relationship between childhood unpredictability and subsequent depression at acute post-deployment was partially mediated by lower social support (b = 0.07, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15]) while depression at chronic post-deployment was fully mediated by a combination of lower social support (b = 0.14, 95% CI [0.07, 0.23]) and higher perceived stress (b = 0.09, 95% CI [0.05, 0.15]). These findings implicate childhood unpredictability as a potential risk factor for depression in adulthood and suggest that increasing the structure and predictability of childhood routines and developing social support interventions after life stressors could be helpful for preventing adult depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hunt
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Meghan Vinograd
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Laura M Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Psychology Department, University of Denver, Denver, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Hal Stern
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Caroline Nievergelt
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Bruna Cuccurazzu
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Cindy Napan
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Dylan Delmar
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Victoria B Risborough
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
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Gu ZW, Zhang CP, Chen LP, Huang X. Clinical effects of nonconvulsive electrotherapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and changes of serum inflammatory factors in depression. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:653-660. [PMID: 38808093 PMCID: PMC11129146 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common and serious psychological condition, which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling; however, these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations. In recent years, nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method. However, the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear. We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression, and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment. AIM To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022, the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and NET treatment (n = 70) and the control group that only received MBSR therapy (n = 70). The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors, including the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)-17, self-rating idea of suicide scale (SSIOS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment. The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared. Comparisons were made using t and χ2 tests. RESULTS After 8 wk of treatment, the observation group exhibited a 91.43% overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29% (64 vs 52, χ2 = 7.241; P < 0.05). The HAMD, SSIOS, and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups. Moreover, the observation group had lower scores than the control group (10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16, t = 10.280; 1.67 ±0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12, t = 21.970; 5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35, t = 11.700; P both < 0.001). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both groups after treatment. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited superior serum inflammatory factors compared to the control group (70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21, t = 11.840; 19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13, t = 7.508; 32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23, t = 9.565; P both < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life scores compared to the control group (Social function: 19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34; Emotions: 18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16; Environment: 18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44; Physical health: 19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46; P both < 0.001) after treatment. CONCLUSION MBSR combined with NET effectively alleviates depression, lowers inflammation (IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduces suicidal thoughts, enhances sleep, and improves the quality of life of individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Gu
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou HuiAi Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou HuiAi Hospital), Guangzhou 510370, Guangdong Province, China
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Yang Y, Chen YK, Xie MZ. Exploring the transformative impact of traditional Chinese medicine on depression: Insights from animal models. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:607-623. [PMID: 38808079 PMCID: PMC11129158 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, a prevalent and complex mental health condition, presents a significant global health burden. Depression is one of the most frequent mental disorders; deaths from it account for 14.3% of people worldwide. In recent years, the integration of complementary and alternative medicine, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has gained attention as a potential avenue for addressing depression. This comprehensive review critically assesses the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms. An in-depth look at different research studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses is used in this review to look into how TCM practices like herbal formulations, acupuncture, and mind-body practices work. The review looks at the quality of the evidence, the rigor of the methods, and any possible flaws in the current studies. This gives us an idea of where TCM stands right now in terms of treating depression. This comprehensive review aims to assess the efficacy of TCM interventions in alleviating depressive symptoms. In order to learn more about their possible healing effects, the study also looks into how different types of TCM work, such as herbal formulas, acupuncture, and mind-body practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410200, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yan-Kun Chen
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410200, Hunan Province, China
| | - Meng-Zhou Xie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410200, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410200, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410200, Hunan Province, China
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21
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Song Y, Xiao F, Aa J, Wang G. Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Techniques Depict a Reprogramming of Energy and Purine Metabolism in the Core Brain Regions of Chronic Social Defeat Stress Mice. Metabolites 2024; 14:284. [PMID: 38786761 PMCID: PMC11123228 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is associated with pathological changes and metabolic abnormalities in multiple brain regions. The simultaneous comprehensive and in situ detection of endogenous molecules in all brain regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of depression pathology, which is described in this paper. A method based on desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) technology was developed to classify mouse brain regions using characteristic lipid molecules and to detect the metabolites in mouse brain tissue samples simultaneously. The results showed that characteristic lipid molecules can be used to clearly distinguish each subdivision of the mouse brain, and the accuracy of this method is higher than that of the conventional staining method. The cerebellar cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, nucleus accumbens-core, and nucleus accumbens-shell exhibited the most significant differences in the chronic social defeat stress model. An analysis of metabolic pathways revealed that 13 kinds of molecules related to energy metabolism and purine metabolism exhibited significant changes. A DESI-MSI method was developed for the detection of pathological brain sections. We found, for the first time, that there are characteristic changes in the energy metabolism in the cortex and purine metabolism in the striatum, which is highly important for obtaining a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the pathology of depression and discovering regulatory targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiye Aa
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.S.); (F.X.)
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.S.); (F.X.)
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22
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Zhou Y, Cong T, Chen J, Chu Z, Sun Y, Zhao D, Chen X, Li L, Liu Y, Cheng J, Li Q, Yin S, Xiao Z. Protective role of TRPV2 in synaptic plasticity through the ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF pathway in chronic unpredictable mild stress rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150128. [PMID: 38776831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic stress is a significant risk factor for mood disorders such as depression, where synaptic plasticity plays a central role in pathogenesis. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type-2 (TRPV2) Ion Channels are implicated in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis disorders. Previous proteomic analysis indicated a reduction in TRPV2 levels in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model, yet its role in synaptic plasticity during depression remains to be elucidated. This study aims to investigate TRPV2's role in depression and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted using the TRPV2-specific agonist probenecid and ERK1/2 inhibitors SCH772984. In vivo, rats underwent six weeks of CUMS before probenecid administration. Depressive-like behaviors were assessed through behavioral tests. ELISA kits measured 5-HT, DA, NE levels in rat hippocampal tissues. Hippocampal morphology was examined via Nissl staining. In vitro, rat hippocampal neuron cell lines were treated with ERK1/2 inhibitors SCH772984 and probenecid. Western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR assessed TRPV2 expression, neurogenesis-related proteins, synaptic markers, and ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF signaling proteins. RESULTS Decreased hippocampal TRPV2 levels were observed in CUMS rats. Probenecid treatment mitigated depressive-like behavior and enhanced hippocampal 5-HT, NE, and DA levels in CUMS rats. TRPV2 activation countered CUMS-induced synaptic plasticity inhibition. Probenecid activated the ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF pathway, suggesting TRPV2's involvement in this pathway via ERK1/2. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that TRPV2 activation offers protective effects against depressive-like behaviors and enhances hippocampal synaptic plasticity in CUMS rats via the ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF pathway. TRPV2 emerges as a potential therapeutic target for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Ting Cong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenchen Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Danmei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Liya Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxin Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medicine College of Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiani Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiwei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Shengming Yin
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medicine College of Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China.
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23
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Luo S, Wu F, Fang Q, Hu Y, Zhang H, Yuan S, Yang C, Shi Y, Luo Y. Antidepressant effect of teriflunomide via oligodendrocyte protection in a mouse model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29481. [PMID: 38655332 PMCID: PMC11036017 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Addressing the treatment of depression is crucial; nevertheless, the etiology and pathogenesis remain unelucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of teriflunomide (TF) on corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. Notably, TF administration resulted in a substantial amelioration of anxiety and depression-like behaviors observed in CORT-treated mice. This was evidenced by behavioral assessments conducted via the sucrose preference test (SPT), open-field test (OFT), novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). The administration of CORT inflicts damage upon oligodendrocytes and neurons within the hippocampus. Our findings indicate that TF offers significant protective effects on oligodendrocytes, mitigating apoptosis both invivo and invitro. Additionally, TF was found to counteract the CORT-induced neuronal loss and synaptic damage, as demonstrated by an increase in Nissl-positive cells across hippocampal regions CA1, CA3, and the dentate gyrus (DG) alongside elevated levels of synapse-related proteins including PSD-95 and synaptophysin. Additionally, TF treatment facilitated a reduction in the levels of apoptosis-related proteins while simultaneously augmenting the levels of Bcl2. Our findings indicate that TF administration effectively mitigates CORT-induced depression-like behaviors and reverses damage to oligodendrocytes and neurons in the hippocampus, suggesting TF as a promising candidate for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Luo
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Qian Fang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shishan Yuan
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Chang Yang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yixiao Luo
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Province People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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24
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Wang X, Luo P, Zhang L, Sun J, Cao J, Lei Z, Yang H, Lv X, Liu J, Yao X, Li S, Fang J. Altered functional brain activity in first-episode major depressive disorder treated with electro-acupuncture: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29613. [PMID: 38681626 PMCID: PMC11053281 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have found electroacupuncture could improve the clinical symptoms of first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD), but the exact neural mechanism of action needs to be further elucidated. Methods Twenty-eight first-episode MDD patients were randomly divided into 14 electro-acupuncture stimulation (EAS) groups and 14 sham-acupuncture stimulation (SAS) groups, and clinical symptoms were assessed and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were done in both groups. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was used to observe the changes between the pre-treatment and post-treatment in the two groups, and the altered brain areas were selected as region of interest (ROI) to observe the FC changes. Meanwhile, the correlation between the altered clinical symptoms and the altered ALFF and FC of brain regions in the two groups was analyzed. Results The EAS significantly decreased the HAMD-24 and HAMA-14 scores of MDD than SAS group. The imaging results revealed that both groups were able to increase the ALFF of the left middle temporal gyrus and the left cerebellar posterior lobe. When using the left middle temporal gyrus and the left posterior cerebellar lobe as ROIs, EAS group increased the FC between the left middle temporal gyrus with the left superior frontal gyrus, the left middle frontal gyrus, and the left hippocampus, and decreased the FC between the left posterior cerebellar lobe and the left calcarine gyrus, while SAS group only increased the FC between the left middle temporal gyrus with the left superior frontal gyrus. The alternations in clinical symptoms after EAS treatment were positively correlated with the altered ALFF values in the left middle temporal gyrus and the altered FC values in the left middle temporal gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus. Conclusion EA demonstrates modulation of functional activity in the default mode network (DMN), sensorimotor network (SMN), cognitive control network (CCN), limbic system, and visual network (VN) for the treatment of the first-episode MDD. Our findings contribute to the neuroimaging evidence for the efficacy of EAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLing Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - JiFei Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - JiuDong Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Lei
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - XueYu Lv
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoYan Yao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - ShanShan Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - JiLiang Fang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Qin T, Guo L, Wang X, Zhou G, Liu L, Zhang Z, Ding G. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorates cognitive deficits in mice with radiation-induced brain injury by attenuating microglial pyroptosis and promoting neurogenesis via BDNF pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:216. [PMID: 38570868 PMCID: PMC10988892 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a common and severe complication during radiotherapy for head and neck tumor. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel and non-invasive method of brain stimulation, which has been applied in various neurological diseases. rTMS has been proved to be effective for treatment of RIBI, while its mechanisms have not been well understood. METHODS RIBI mouse model was established by cranial irradiation, K252a was daily injected intraperitoneally to block BDNF pathway. Immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry and western blotting were performed to examine the microglial pyroptosis and hippocampal neurogenesis. Behavioral tests were used to assess the cognitive function and emotionality of mice. Golgi staining was applied to observe the structure of dendritic spine in hippocampus. RESULTS rTMS significantly promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and mitigated neuroinflammation, with ameliorating pyroptosis in microglia, as well as downregulation of the protein expression level of NLRP3 inflammasome and key pyroptosis factor Gasdermin D (GSDMD). BDNF signaling pathway might be involved in it. After blocking BDNF pathway by K252a, a specific BDNF pathway inhibitor, the neuroprotective effect of rTMS was markedly reversed. Evaluated by behavioral tests, the cognitive dysfunction and anxiety-like behavior were found aggravated with the comparison of mice in rTMS intervention group. Moreover, the level of hippocampal neurogenesis was found to be attenuated, the pyroptosis of microglia as well as the levels of GSDMD, NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β were upregulated. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that rTMS notably ameliorated RIBI-induced cognitive disorders, by mitigating pyroptosis in microglia and promoting hippocampal neurogenesis via mediating BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhou Qin
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guiqiang Zhou
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
- Department of occupational & environmental health, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261021, China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaowen Zhang
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guirong Ding
- Department of radiation protection medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China.
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Chang J, Yang H, Shan X, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhang Z, Abankwah JK, Zhang M, Bian Y, Guo Y. Bergamot essential oil improves CUMS-induced depression-like behaviour in rats by protecting the plasticity of hippocampal neurons. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18178. [PMID: 38553964 PMCID: PMC10980931 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bergamot essential oil (BEO) is an extract of the bergamot fruit with significant neuroprotective effect. This study was to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of BEO in mitigating depression. GC-MS were used to identify its constituents. Antidepressive properties of BEO were evaluated by sucrose preference test (SPT), force swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT). Nissl staining was used to determine the number of Nissl bodies in hippocampus (HIPP) of rats. Changes in HIPP dendritic length and dendritic spine density were detected by Golgi-Cox staining. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (SYP) in the HIPP of rats. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the HIPP, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rats. Inhaled BEO significantly improved depressive behaviour in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. BEO increased Nissl bodies, dendritic length and spine density, PSD-95 and SYP protein in the HIPP. Additionally, BEO upregulated serum 5-HT, serum and CSF IGF-1, while downregulating serum IL-1β. Collectively, inhaled BEO mitigates depression by protecting the plasticity of hippocampal neurons, hence, providing novel insights into treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
- School of Integrative MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Huimin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Xiaoqian Shan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Lan Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Yujiao Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Zhao Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | | | - Mingxing Zhang
- School of Integrative MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yi Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture ScienceTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
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Wang K, Yang Y, Wang Y, Jiang Z, Fang S. CircPTK2 may be associated with depressive-like behaviors by influencing miR-182-5p. Behav Brain Res 2024; 462:114870. [PMID: 38266777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychiatric disorder with uncertain causes. Recent studies have indicated correlations between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and psychiatric disorders. However, the potential role of circRNAs in MDD remains largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the expression and diagnostic significance of circRNA protein tyrosine kinase 2 (circPTK2) by recruiting 50 MDD patients and 40 healthy subjects. Additionally, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was established in animal experiments. QRT-PCR was adopted for circPTK2 and miR-182-5p levels. To investigate the role of circPTK2 in MDD, we utilized microinjection of circPTK2 adeno-associated virus into the mouse hippocampus. Depressive-like behaviors of mice were assessed through forced swim test and open field test. Additionally, the interaction between circPTK2 and miR-182-5p was validated using a dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Decreased expression of circPTK2 was found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MDD patients and in hippocampus of CUMS mice, which was useful for distinguishing MDD patients from healthy subjects. Notably, overexpression of circPTK2 was associated with depressive-like behaviors induced by CUMS. Further mechanism research demonstrated that circPTK2 functioned as the sponge for miR-182-5p, which may contribute to the beneficial effect of circPTK2. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings suggest the participation of circPTK2 and its underlying mechanism in MDD, which might provide a potential target for MDD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuoya Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Wu R, Xiong Y, Gu Y, Cao LY, Zhang SY, Song ZX, Fan P, Lin L. Traditional Pediatric Massage Enhanced Hippocampal GR, BDNF and IGF-1 Expressions and Exerted an Anti-depressant Effect in an Adolescent Rat Model of CUMS-induced Depression. Neuroscience 2024; 542:47-58. [PMID: 38364964 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-depressant effect of traditional pediatric massage (TPM) in adolescent rats and its possible mechanism. The adolescent depression model in rats was established by using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). All rats were randomly divided into five groups (seven per group), including the groups of control (CON), CUMS, CUMS with TPM, CUMS with back stroking massage (BSM) and CUMS with fluoxetine (FLX). The tests of sucrose preference, Morris water maze and elevated plus maze were used to evaluate depression-related behaviors. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) level was measured by ELISA. The gene and protein expressions of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by RT-qPCR and IHC respectively. The results showed that CUMS induced depression-related behaviors in the adolescent rats, along with decreased weight gain and reduced hippocampal expressions of GR, IGF-1 and BDNF. TPM could effectively prevent depression-related behaviors in CUMS-exposed adolescent rats, manifested as increasing weight gain, sucrose consumption, ratio of open-arm entry, times of crossing the specific quadrant and shortening escape latency. TPM also decreased CORT level in plasma, together with enhancing expressions of GR, IGF-1 and BDNF in the hippocampus. These results may support the clinical application of TPM to prevent and treat adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun Gu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li-Yue Cao
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Zhang
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Song
- College of Health and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pu Fan
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Li B, Yang Y, Song Z, Tang Z. Comparative Analysis of the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects among Various Parts of Zizyphus spinosus Hu and Their Chemical Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:413. [PMID: 38675375 PMCID: PMC11054641 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Zizyphus spinosus Hu (ZS), as a "medicinal and food-homologous" plant, has been used for a long history. The study was to assess the sedative and hypnotic effects among various parts of ZS. The model, diazepam (DZP), ZS kernel (ZSS), ZS flesh (ZSF), and ZS husk (ZSKS) group occurred subsequent to the successful establishment of the para-chlorophenylalanine induced insomnia model via intraperitoneal injection. The latency and duration of sleep in mice in each group were recorded. The substance basis of various parts of ZS was analyzed by the UPLC-QTOF-MS technique. The results showed that relative to the model group, DZP, ZSS, ZSF, and ZSKS groups demonstrated shortened sleep latency (p < 0.05) and extended sleep duration (p < 0.01). The GABA, 5-HT, and BDNF levels were significantly upregulated in the brain tissues of the mice in the DZP, ZSF, and ZSS groups (p < 0.01). However, the improvement in ZSKS was non-significant. Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of 5-HT1AR, GABAARα1, and BDNF in mice in the DZP, ZSS, and ZSF groups were significantly enhanced (p < 0.01). However, the improvement in the ZSKS group was insignificant (p < 0.05). The examination of the substance composition across different parts revealed that the shared chemical basis contributing to the sedative and hypnotic potency of different parts of ZS may involve the presence of compounds such as (1) magnoflorine, (8) betulinic acid, (9) ceanothic acid, and (10) alphitolic acid. It provides a basis for further elucidation of the substance basis responsible for the functional and medicinal effects of ZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Li
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Yuangui Yang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhongxing Song
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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30
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Zhu H, Du Z, Lu R, Zhou Q, Shen Y, Jiang Y. Investigating the Mechanism of Chufan Yishen Formula in Treating Depression through Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12698-12710. [PMID: 38524447 PMCID: PMC10955564 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the antidepressant effect and potential mechanism of the Chufan Yishen Formula (CFYS) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. Methods: The active ingredients and their target genes of CFYS were identified through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and TCM-ID. We obtained the differentially expressed genes in patients with depression from the GEO database and screened out the genes intersecting with the target genes of CFYS to construct the PPI network. The key pathways were selected through STRING and KEGG. Then, molecular docking and experimental verification were performed. Results: A total of 113 effective components and 195 target genes were obtained. After intersecting the target genes with the differentially expressed genes in patients with depression, we obtained 37 differential target genes, among which HMOX1, VEGFA, etc., were the key genes. After enriching the differential target genes by KEGG, we found that the "chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species" pathway was the key pathway for the CFYS antidepressant effect. Besides, VEGFA might be a key marker for depression. Experimental verification found that CFYS could significantly improve the behavioral indicators of rats with depression models, including improving the antioxidant enzyme activity and increasing VEGFA levels. The results are consistent with the network pharmacology analysis. Conclusions: CFYS treatment for depression is a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway complex process, which may mainly exert an antidepressant effect by improving the neuron antioxidant stress response and regulating VEGFA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Zhu
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Rongrong Lu
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Mental Health
Center of
Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
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31
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Wang W, Li Y, Wang L, Chen X, Lan T, Wang C, Chen S, Yu S. FBXL20 promotes synaptic impairment in depression disorder via degrading vesicle-associated proteins. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:132-144. [PMID: 38211741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic plasticity changes in presynaptic terminals or postsynaptic membranes play a critical role in cognitive impairments and emotional disorders, but the underlying molecular mechanisms in depression remain largely unknown. METHODS The regulation effects of F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 20 (FBXL20), vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) and vesicle-associated membrane protein 1 (VAMP1) on synaptic plasticity and depressive-like behaviors examined by proteomics analysis, viral stereotaxic injection, transmission electron microscope and biochemical methods. The glutamate release detected by fluorescent probe in cultured primary pyramidal neurons. RESULTS We found that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induced significant synaptic deficits within hippocampus of depressed rats, accompanied with the decreased expression of VGLUT1 and VAMP1. Moreover, knockdown of VGLUT1 or VAMP1 in hippocampal pyramidal neurons resulted in abnormal glutamatergic neurotransmitter release. In addition, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL20 was increased within hippocampus, which may promote ubiquitination and degradation of VGLUT1 and VAMP1, and thus resulted in the reduction of glutamatergic neurotransmitter release, the disruptions of synaptic transmission and the induction of depression-like behaviors in rats. In contrast, shRNA knockdown of FBXL20 within the hippocampus of depressed rats significantly ameliorated synaptic damage and depression-like behaviors. LIMITATION Only one type of depression model was used in the present study, while other animal models should be used in the future to confirm the underlying mechanisms reported here. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights that inhibiting FBXL20 pathway in depressed rats may be an effective strategy to rescue synaptic transmission and depression-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Morphological Experimental Center, Shandong University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Changmin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China.
| | - Shuyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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32
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Chen Y, Xia X, Zhou Z, Yuan M, Peng Y, Liu Y, Tang J, Fu Y. Interleukin-6 is correlated with amygdala volume and depression severity in adolescents and young adults with first-episode major depressive disorder. Brain Imaging Behav 2024:10.1007/s11682-024-00871-0. [PMID: 38467915 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory mechanisms may play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), and cytokine concentrations are correlated with brain alterations. Adolescents and young adults with MDD have higher recurrence and suicide rates than adults, but there has been limited research on the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential correlations among cytokines, depression severity, and the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens in Han Chinese adolescents and young adults with first-episode MDD. Nineteen patients with MDD aged 10-21 years were enrolled from the Psychiatry Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, along with 18 age-matched healthy controls from a local school. We measured the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in the peripheral blood, along with the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging. We observed that patients with MDD had higher concentrations of IL-6 and a trend towards reduced left amygdala and bilateral hippocampus volumes than healthy controls. Additionally, the concentration of IL-6 was correlated with the left amygdala volume and depression severity, while the left hippocampus volume was correlated with depression severity. This study suggests that inflammation is an underlying neurobiological change and implies that IL-6 could serve as a potential biomarker for identifying early stage MDD in adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaodi Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zheyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yadong Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jinxiang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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López-Otín C, Kroemer G. The missing hallmark of health: psychosocial adaptation. Cell Stress 2024; 8:21-50. [PMID: 38476764 PMCID: PMC10928495 DOI: 10.15698/cst2024.03.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The eight biological hallmarks of health that we initially postulated (Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):33-63) include features of spatial compartmentalization (integrity of barriers, containment of local perturbations), maintenance of homeostasis over time (recycling & turnover, integration of circuitries, rhythmic oscillations) and an array of adequate responses to stress (homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, repair & regeneration). These hallmarks affect all eight somatic strata of the human body (molecules, organelles, cells, supracellular units, organs, organ systems, systemic circuitries and meta-organism). Here we postulate that mental and socioeconomic factors must be added to this 8×8 matrix as an additional hallmark of health ("psychosocial adaptation") and as an additional stratum ("psychosocial interactions"), hence building a 9×9 matrix. Potentially, perturbation of each of the somatic hallmarks and strata affects psychosocial factors and vice versa. Finally, we discuss the (patho)physiological bases of these interactions and their implications for mental health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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34
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Martins-Macedo J, Araújo B, Anjo SI, Silveira-Rosa T, Patrício P, Alves ND, Silva JM, Teixeira FG, Manadas B, Rodrigues AJ, Lepore AC, Salgado AJ, Gomes ED, Pinto L. Glial-restricted precursors stimulate endogenous cytogenesis and effectively recover emotional deficits in a model of cytogenesis ablation. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02490-z. [PMID: 38454085 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Adult cytogenesis, the continuous generation of newly-born neurons (neurogenesis) and glial cells (gliogenesis) throughout life, is highly impaired in several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), impacting negatively on cognitive and emotional domains. Despite playing a critical role in brain homeostasis, the importance of gliogenesis has been overlooked, both in healthy and diseased states. To examine the role of newly formed glia, we transplanted Glial Restricted Precursors (GRPs) into the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), or injected their secreted factors (secretome), into a previously validated transgenic GFAP-tk rat line, in which cytogenesis is transiently compromised. We explored the long-term effects of both treatments on physiological and behavioral outcomes. Grafted GRPs reversed anxiety-like deficits and demonstrated an antidepressant-like effect, while the secretome promoted recovery of only anxiety-like behavior. Furthermore, GRPs elicited a recovery of neurogenic and gliogenic levels in the ventral DG, highlighting the unique involvement of these cells in the regulation of brain cytogenesis. Both GRPs and their secretome induced significant alterations in the DG proteome, directly influencing proteins and pathways related to cytogenesis, regulation of neural plasticity and neuronal development. With this work, we demonstrate a valuable and specific contribution of glial progenitors to normalizing gliogenic levels, rescuing neurogenesis and, importantly, promoting recovery of emotional deficits characteristic of disorders such as MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Martins-Macedo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Silveira-Rosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Patrício
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Dinis Alves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana M Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fábio G Teixeira
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana J Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Angelo C Lepore
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduardo D Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Chen S, Wang K, Wang H, Gao Y, Nie K, Jiang X, Su H, Tang Y, Lu F, Dong H, Wang Z. The therapeutic effects of saikosaponins on depression through the modulation of neuroplasticity: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107090. [PMID: 38309381 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a major global health issue that urgently requires innovative and precise treatment options. In this context, saikosaponin has emerged as a promising candidate, offering a variety of therapeutic benefits that may be effective in combating depression. This review delves into the multifaceted potential of saikosaponins in alleviating depressive symptoms. We summarized the effects of saikosaponins on structural and functional neuroplasticity, elaborated the regulatory mechanism of saikosaponins in modulating key factors that affect neuroplasticity, such as inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, and the brain-gut axis. Moreover, this paper highlights existing gaps in current researches and outlines directions for future studies. A detailed plan is provided for the future clinical application of saikosaponins, advocating for more targeted researches to speed up its transition from preclinical trials to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Zhang H, Xie X, Xu S, Wang C, Sun S, Song X, Li R, Li N, Feng Y, Duan H, Li D, Liu Z. Oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes-containing SIRT2 ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and restores hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity via the AKT/GSK-3β pathway in depressed mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14661. [PMID: 38439616 PMCID: PMC10912796 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the antidepressant role of oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes (ODEXs)-containing sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and the underlying mechanism both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes isolated from mouse serum were administered to mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression via the tail vein. The antidepressant effects of ODEXs were assessed through behavioral tests and quantification of alterations in hippocampal neuroplasticity. The role of SIRT2 was confirmed using the selective inhibitor AK-7. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) were used to further validate the impact of overexpressed SIRT2 and ODEXs on neurogenesis and synapse formation in vitro. RESULTS Oligodendrocyte-derived exosome treatment alleviated depressive-like behaviors and restored neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in CUMS mice. SIRT2 was enriched in ODEXs, and blocking SIRT2 with AK-7 reversed the antidepressant effects of ODEXs. SIRT2 overexpression was sufficient to enhance neurogenesis and synaptic protein expression. Mechanistically, ODEXs mediated transcellular delivery of SIRT2, targeting AKT deacetylation and AKT/GSK-3β signaling to regulate neuroplasticity. CONCLUSION This study establishes how ODEXs improve depressive-like behaviors and hippocampal neuroplasticity and might provide a promising therapeutic approach for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghan Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xin‐hui Xie
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Shu‐xian Xu
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Siqi Sun
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xinhua Song
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Ruiling Li
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Ningyuan Li
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yuqi Feng
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hao Duan
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Di Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of PsychiatryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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Zhou S, Liu Y, Xue B, Yuan P. Low-dose Esketamine suppresses NLRP3-mediated apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death in microglial cells to ameliorate LPS-induced depression via ablating GSK-3β. Behav Brain Res 2024; 459:114782. [PMID: 38029844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Esketamine is verified as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of depression, but it is still unclear the detailed underlying mechanisms by which Esketamine ameliorates depression-related symptoms, which seriously limits the utilization of this drug in clinical practices. In this study, the C57BL6/J mice and mouse primary microglial cells were subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive models in vivo and in vitro, and our results confirmed that LPS-induced neuroinflammation, pyroptotic and apoptotic death contributed to the development of LPS-induced depressive symptoms. Then, the following experiments verified that low-dose Esketamine treatment decreased the expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-18 to restrain cellular inflammation, downregulated NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1, IL-1β and GSDMD-N to hamper pyroptotic cell death, and inhibited cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, but upregulated Bcl-2 to restrict apoptotic cell death in the LPS-treated mice hippocampus tissues and mouse microglial cells, leading to the suppression of depression development. However, high-dose Esketamine did not have those effects. Next, by conducting mechanical experiments, we verified that low-dose Esketamine downregulated GSK-3β to inactivate NLRP3 inflammasome, and the effects of low-dose Esketamine on cell pyroptosis, neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the LPS-treated microglial cells were all abrogated by overexpressing GSK-3β and NLRP3. Taken together, low-dose Esketamine ameliorated LPS-induced depressive symptoms in mice through regulating the GSK-3β/NLRP3 pathway, and our work suggested that appropriate doses of Esketamine were essential for the treatment of depression in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jinxiu Road No. 75, Wenzhou City 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Panhealth Medical Center, Ouyue Street No. 1929, Wenzhou City 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binbin Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Fuxue Road No. 2, Wenzhou City 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peigen Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Fuxue Road No. 2, Wenzhou City 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Yao H, Wang X, Chi J, Chen H, Liu Y, Yang J, Yu J, Ruan Y, Xiang X, Pi J, Xu JF. Exploring Novel Antidepressants Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Key Membrane Receptors Based on Molecular Structures. Molecules 2024; 29:964. [PMID: 38474476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a complex mental disorder that involves alterations in signal transmission across multiple scales and structural abnormalities. The development of effective antidepressants (ADs) has been hindered by the dominance of monoamine hypothesis, resulting in slow progress. Traditional ADs have undesirable traits like delayed onset of action, limited efficacy, and severe side effects. Recently, two categories of fast-acting antidepressant compounds have surfaced, dissociative anesthetics S-ketamine and its metabolites, as well as psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This has led to structural research and drug development of the receptors that they target. This review provides breakthroughs and achievements in the structure of depression-related receptors and novel ADs based on these. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has enabled researchers to identify the structures of membrane receptors, including the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT2A) receptor. These high-resolution structures can be used for the development of novel ADs using virtual drug screening (VDS). Moreover, the unique antidepressant effects of 5-HT1A receptors in various brain regions, and the pivotal roles of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and tyrosine kinase receptor 2 (TrkB) in regulating synaptic plasticity, emphasize their potential as therapeutic targets. Using structural information, a series of highly selective ADs were designed based on the different role of receptors in MDD. These molecules have the favorable characteristics of rapid onset and low adverse drug reactions. This review offers researchers guidance and a methodological framework for the structure-based design of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jiaxin Chi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Haorong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xufu Xiang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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Qian X, Zhong ZD, Zhang Y, Qiu LQ, Tan HJ. Fluoxetine mitigates depressive-like behaviors in mice via anti-inflammation and enhancing neuroplasticity. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148723. [PMID: 38101693 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity and inflammation represent a common final pathway for effective antidepressant treatment. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed medications for depression and have demonstrated efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms. However, the precise impact of SSRIs on neuroplasticity and inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of long-term treatment with SSRIs on hippocampal neuron, inflammation, synaptic function and morphology. Our findings revealed that fluoxetine treatment significantly alleviated behavioral despair, anhedonia, and anxiety in reserpine-treated mice. Moreover, fluoxetine mitigated hippocampal neuron impairment, inhibited inflammatory release, and increased the expression of synaptic proteins markers (SYP and PSD95) in mice. Notably, fluoxetine also suppressed reserpine-induced synapse loss in the hippocampus. Based on these results, fluoxetine has been demonstrated effectively to ameliorate depressive mood and cognitive dysfunction, possibly through the enhancement of synaptic plasticity. Overall, our study contributes to a further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of fluoxetine and its potential role in improving depressive symptoms and cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zuo-Dong Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Li-Qin Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hui-Jun Tan
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Wróbel-Biedrawa D, Podolak I. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Adaptogens: A Mini-Review. Molecules 2024; 29:866. [PMID: 38398618 PMCID: PMC10891670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adaptogens are a group of plants that exhibit complex, nonspecific effects on the human body, increasing its ability to adapt, develop resilience, and survive in stress conditions. They are found in many traditional medicinal systems and play a key role in restoring the body's strength and stamina. Research in recent years has attempted to elucidate the mechanisms behind their pharmacological effects, but it appears that these effects are difficult to define precisely and involve multiple molecular pathways. Neuroinflammation: In recent years, chronic inflammation has been recognized as one of the common features of many central nervous system disorders (dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases, depression, anxiety, ischemic stroke, and infections). Because of the specific nature of the brain, this process is called neuroinflammation, and its suppression can result in an improvement of patients' condition and may promote their recovery. Adaptogens as anti-inflammatory agents: As has been discovered, adaptogens display anti-inflammatory effects, which suggests that their application may be broader than previously thought. They regulate gene expression of anti- and proinflammatory cytokines (prostaglandins, leukotriens) and can modulate signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB). Aim: This mini-review aims to present the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of the most important plants classified as adaptogens: Schisandra chinensis, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rhodiola rosea and Withania somnifera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland;
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Luqman A, He M, Hassan A, Ullah M, Zhang L, Rashid Khan M, Din AU, Ullah K, Wang W, Wang G. Mood and microbes: a comprehensive review of intestinal microbiota's impact on depression. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1295766. [PMID: 38404464 PMCID: PMC10884216 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1295766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is considered a multifaceted and intricate mental disorder of growing concern due to its significant impact on global health issues. The human gut microbiota, also known as the "second brain," has an important role in the CNS by regulating it through chemical, immunological, hormonal, and neurological processes. Various studies have found a significant bidirectional link between the brain and the gut, emphasizing the onset of depression therapies. The biological and molecular processes underlying depression and microbiota are required, as the bidirectional association may represent a novel study. However, profound insights into the stratification and diversity of the gut microbiota are still uncommon. This article investigates the emerging evidence of a bacterial relationship between the gut and the brain's neurological system and its potential pathogenicity and relevance. The interplay of microbiota, immune system, nervous system neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuroplasticity transitions is also widely studied. The consequences of stress, dietary fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics on the GB axis are being studied. Multiple studies revealed the processes underlying this axis and led to the development of effective microbiota-based drugs for both prevention and treatment. Therefore, the results support the hypothesis that gut microbiota influences depression and provide a promising area of research for an improved knowledge of the etiology of the disease and future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Luqman
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei He
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Mehtab Ullah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Kamran Ullah
- Department of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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Davidson TL, Stevenson RJ. Vulnerability of the Hippocampus to Insults: Links to Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1991. [PMID: 38396670 PMCID: PMC10888241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a critical brain substrate for learning and memory; events that harm the hippocampus can seriously impair mental and behavioral functioning. Hippocampal pathophysiologies have been identified as potential causes and effects of a remarkably diverse array of medical diseases, psychological disorders, and environmental sources of damage. It may be that the hippocampus is more vulnerable than other brain areas to insults that are related to these conditions. One purpose of this review is to assess the vulnerability of the hippocampus to the most prevalent types of insults in multiple biomedical domains (i.e., neuroactive pathogens, neurotoxins, neurological conditions, trauma, aging, neurodegenerative disease, acquired brain injury, mental health conditions, endocrine disorders, developmental disabilities, nutrition) and to evaluate whether these insults affect the hippocampus first and more prominently compared to other brain loci. A second purpose is to consider the role of hippocampal blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in either causing or worsening the harmful effects of each insult. Recent research suggests that the hippocampal BBB is more fragile compared to other brain areas and may also be more prone to the disruption of the transport mechanisms that act to maintain the internal milieu. Moreover, a compromised BBB could be a factor that is common to many different types of insults. Our analysis indicates that the hippocampus is more vulnerable to insults compared to other parts of the brain, and that developing interventions that protect the hippocampal BBB may help to prevent or ameliorate the harmful effects of many insults on memory and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry L. Davidson
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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Feliciano DM. Do Neural Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Help EVade Depression? Neuroscience 2024; 538:93-94. [PMID: 37591332 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David M Feliciano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0314, USA; Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, 114 Gregor Mendel Circle, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA.
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Liu J, Guan J, Xiong J, Wang F. Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Sertraline on Cognitive Level, Inflammatory Response and Neurological Function in Depressive Disorder Patients with Non-suicidal Self-injury Behavior. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 52:28-36. [PMID: 38454900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorder is a chronic mental illness characterized by persistent low mood as its primary clinical symptom. Currently, psychotherapy and drug therapy stand as the primary treatment modalities in clinical practice, offering a certain degree of relief from negative emotions for patients. Nevertheless, sole reliance on drug therapy exhibits a delayed impact on neurotransmitters, and long-term usage often results in adverse side effects such as nausea, drowsiness, and constipation, significantly impeding medication adherence. This study aims to investigate the impact of combining transcranial magnetic stimulation with sertraline on the cognitive level, inflammatory response, and neurological function in patients with depressive disorder who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior. METHODS A total of 130 depressive patients NSSI behavior, who were admitted to our hospital from December 2020 to February 2023, were selected as the subjects for this research. The single-group (65 cases) received treatment with oral sertraline hydrochloride tablets, while the combination group (65 cases) underwent repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in conjunction with sertraline. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was utilized to assess the depression status and cognitive function levels of both groups. Additionally, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure serum levels of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Furthermore, serum levels of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) and neuro-cytokines (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) were assessed. The clinical effects of the interventions on both groups were then evaluated. RESULTS Following the treatment, the combination group exhibited significantly higher levels of immediate memory, delayed memory, attention, visual function, and language function compared to the single group, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Additionally, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and GFAP in the combination group were lower than those in the single group, while the levels of BDNF and NGF were higher in the combination group compared to the single group. These differences were also statistically significant (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the total clinical effective rate in the combination group reached 95.38%, surpassing the 84.61% observed in the single group, and the disparity between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combined use of rTMS and sertraline in treating patients with depressive disorder exhibiting NSSI behavior has proven to be effective in enhancing cognitive function, mitigating inflammatory responses, and elevating levels of neurotransmitters and nerve cytokines in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Psychosomatic Ward, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, 430000 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Guan
- Early Intervention Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Centre, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, 430000 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Psychosomatic Ward, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, 430000 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Psychosomatic Ward, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, 430000 Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Kong H, Xu T, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li M, Qu S, Li Q, Gao P, Cong Z. The molecular mechanism of polysaccharides in combating major depressive disorder: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129067. [PMID: 38163510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition with diverse etiological factors. Typical pathological features include decreased cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, and grey matter volumes, as well as monoamine transmitter dysregulation. Although medications exist to treat MDD, unmet needs persist due to limited efficacy, induced side effects, and relapse upon drug withdrawal. Polysaccharides offer promising new therapies for MDD, demonstrating antidepressant effects with minimal side effects and multiple targets. These include neurotransmitter, neurotrophin, neuroinflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and intestinal flora regulation. This review explores the latest advancements in understanding the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of polysaccharides in treating major depression. We discuss the impact of polysaccharides' diverse structures and properties on their pharmacological actions, aiming to inspire new research directions and facilitate the discovery of novel anti-depressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Tianren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Suyan Qu
- Tai 'an Taishan District People's Hospital, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, China.
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Gao Y, Nie K, Wang H, Dong H, Tang Y. Research progress on antidepressant effects and mechanisms of berberine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1331440. [PMID: 38318145 PMCID: PMC10839030 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1331440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, a global health problem with growing prevalence, brings serious impacts on the daily life of patients. However, the antidepressants currently used in clinical are not perfectly effective, which greatly reduces the compliance of patients. Berberine is a natural quaternary alkaloid which has been shown to have a variety of pharmacological effects, such as hypoglycemic, lipid-regulation, anti-cancer, antibacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant. This review summarizes the evidence of pharmacological applications of berberine in treating depression and elucidates the mechanisms of berberine regulating neurotransmitter levels, promoting the regeneration of hippocampal neurons, improving hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, anti-oxidative stress, and suppressing inflammatory status in order to provide a reference for further research and clinical application of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Qiu Y, Tao Y, Duan A, Wei X, Wang M, Xie M, Chen Z, Shang J, Wang Z. Efficacy and tolerability of zuranolone in patients with depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1334694. [PMID: 38288088 PMCID: PMC10823021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1334694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: As a novel antidepressant drug, zuranolone has been initially applied in treating depression. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of its administration in patients with depression. Methods: The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane library databases were searched for available studies up to 1 Nov 2023. The primary outcome was the change on day 15 depression severity scores compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes included remission and response rates on day 15. Safety outcomes included incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and individual AEs. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to evaluate the ideal samplesize. Results: Six studies with 1884 patients were included. Zuranolone offered significantly greater changes in day 15 depression severity scores (mean difference = 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36 to 3.49, p < 0.00001) compared to placebo; this was also observed at other time points. Differences in response (relative risk [RR] = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.54, p < 0.0001) and remission (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.85, p = 0.002) rates were also statistically significant. For safety outcomes, zuranolone group showed more incidence of TEAE than the placebo group (RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.25, p = 0.0005, I 2 = 0%). As for individual AEs, significant differences were observed in dizziness (RR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.86, p = 0.008) and somnolence (RR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.35 to 4.37, p = 0.003. No significant difference was observed in other AEs. The result of TSA indicated that the cumulative curve crossed the conventional (Z = 1.96) boundary but not reach TSA boundary (RIS = 1910). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that zuranolone has a rapid short-term antidepressant effect during administration. Although more TEAEs were observed in zuranolone, most of them were slight and temporary. However, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are needed. Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-5-0104/, identifier INPLASY202350104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchen Tao
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aojie Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingzhou Wei
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Menghan Wang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjia Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhouqing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Shang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Koketsu S, Matsubara K, Ueki Y, Shinohara Y, Inoue K, Murakami S, Ueki T. The defects of the hippocampal ripples and theta rhythm in depression, and the effects of physical exercise on their amelioration. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23738. [PMID: 38226277 PMCID: PMC10788462 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse environmental stress causes depressive symptoms with the impairments of memory formation, cognition, and motivation, however, their underlying neural bases have not been well understood, especially based on the observation of living animals. In the present study, therefore, the mice model of restraint-induced stress was examined electrophysiologically to investigate the alterations of hippocampal sharp wave ripples (SWRs) and theta rhythms. In addition, the therapeutic effects of physical exercise on the amelioration of those hippocampal impairments were examined in combination with a series of behavioral tests. The data demonstrated that chronic restraint stress caused the reductions of occurrence and amplitude of hippocampal SWRs and the decreases of occurrence, duration, and power of theta rhythms, while physical exercise significantly reverted them to the levels of healthy control. Furthermore, hippocampal adult neurogenesis and microglial activation, previously reported to be involved in the etiology of depression, were histologically examined in the mice. The results showed that the impairment of neurogenesis and alleviation of microglial activation were induced in the depressed mice. On the other hand, physical exercise considerably ameliorated those pathological conditions in the affected brain. Consistently, the data of behavioral tests in mice suggested that physical exercise ameliorated the symptomatic defects of motivation, memory formation, and cognition in the depressed mice. The impairments of hippocampal SWRs and theta rhythms in the affected hippocampus are linked with the symptomatic impairments of cognition and motivation, and the defect of memory formation, respectively, in depression. Taken together, this study demonstrated the implications of impairment of the hippocampal SWRs and theta rhythms in the etiology of depression and their usefulness as diagnostic markers of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Koketsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya Women's University Faculty of Medical Science, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8610, Japan
| | - Kohki Matsubara
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshino Ueki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shinohara
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamanashi University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Satona Murakami
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Ueki
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
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Xu C, Ye J, Sun Y, Sun X, Liu JG. The Antidepressant Effect of Magnolol on Depression-Like Behavior of CORT-Treated Mice. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:3. [PMID: 38183534 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Although the antidepressant-like effect of magnolol has been revealed in previous reports, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the antidepressant-like effect of magnolol on corticosterone-induced (CORT-induced) mice was investigated in vivo. After 21 days of CORT induction, the mice showed marked depressive-like behaviors, with a decrease in sucrose preference score and an increase in immobility time in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). Pretreatment with either magnolol (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist nor-BNI (10 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented CORT-induced depression-like behavior and reduced CORT-induced dynorphin (DYN A) elevation in the hippocampal ventral DG. However, no depression-like behavior was observed in mice with KOR downregulation in the ventral DG. We further found that upregulation of DYN A in the DG caused depression-like behavior, which was blocked by intraperitoneal injection of nor-BNI and modulated by magnolol. The present study demonstrated that magnolol could ameliorate CORT-induced depression-like behaviors, by modulating the DYN A/KOR system in the ventral DG of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.548 Binwen Road Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.260 Baichuan Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiayu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.260 Baichuan Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.260 Baichuan Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.260 Baichuan Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Gen Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.548 Binwen Road Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.260 Baichuan Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.555 Zuchongzhi Road Pudong District, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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50
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Sartorius A, Karl S, Zilles-Wegner D. Hippocampal neuroplasticity, major depression and, not to forget: ECT. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1-2. [PMID: 36038727 PMCID: PMC11078706 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sartorius
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Karl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - David Zilles-Wegner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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