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Repici A, Hasan A, Capra AP, Scuderi SA, Paterniti I, Campolo M, Ardizzone A, Esposito E. Marine Algae and Deriving Biomolecules for the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Potential Clinical Therapeutics to Decrease Gut Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers? Mar Drugs 2024; 22:336. [PMID: 39195452 DOI: 10.3390/md22080336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "inflammatory bowel disease" (IBD) describes a class of relapse-remitting conditions that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Among these, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two of the most globally prevalent and debilitating conditions. Several articles have brought attention to the significant role that inflammation and oxidative stress cooperatively play in the development of IBD, offering a different viewpoint both on its etiopathogenesis and on strategies for the effective treatment of these conditions. Marine ecosystems may be a significant source of physiologically active substances, supporting the search for new potential clinical therapeutics. Based on this evidence, this review aims to comprehensively evaluate the activity of marine algae and deriving biomolecules in decreasing pathological features of CD and UC. To match this purpose, a deep search of the literature on PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar was performed to highlight primary biological mechanisms, the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biochemical parameters, and potential clinical benefits deriving from marine species. From our findings, both macroalgae and microalgae have shown potential as therapeutic solutions for IBD due to their bioactive compounds and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities which are capable of modulating markers such as cytokines, the NF-κB pathway, reactive oxidative and nitrosative species (ROS and RNS), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), lactoferrin, SIRT1, etc. However, while we found promising preclinical evidence, more extensive and long-term clinical studies are necessary to establish the efficacy and safety of marine algae for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hasan
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies, Center of Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Ardizzone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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McKelvey M, Uddin MB, Palani S, Shao S, Sun K. IL-10 Counteracts IFN-γ to Alleviate Acute Lung Injury in a Viral-Bacterial Superinfection Model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:110-120. [PMID: 38574279 PMCID: PMC11225870 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0437oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune activation is essential for lung control of viral and bacterial infection, but an overwhelming inflammatory response often leads to the onset of acute respiratory distress syndrome. IL-10 plays a crucial role in regulating the balance between antimicrobial immunity and immunopathology. In the present study, we investigated the role of IL-10 in acute lung injury induced by influenza A virus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus coinfection. This unique coinfection model resembles patients with acute pneumonia undergoing appropriate antibiotic therapies. Using global IL-10 and IL-10 receptor gene-deficient mice, as well as in vivo neutralizing antibodies, we show that IL-10 deficiency promotes IFN-γ-dominant cytokine responses and triggers acute animal death. Interestingly, this extreme susceptibility is fully preventable by IFN-γ neutralization during coinfection. Further studies using mice with Il10ra deletion in selective myeloid subsets reveal that IL-10 primarily acts on mononuclear phagocytes to prevent IFN-γ/TNF-α hyperproduction and acute mortality. Importantly, this antiinflammatory IL-10 signaling is independent of its inhibitory effect on antiviral and antibacterial defense. Collectively, our results demonstrate a key mechanism of IL-10 in preventing hypercytokinemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome pathogenesis by counteracting the IFN-γ response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Sunil Palani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Shengjun Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Keer Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Ferreira B, Barros AS, Leite-Pereira C, Viegas J, das Neves J, Nunes R, Sarmento B. Trends in 3D models of inflammatory bowel disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167042. [PMID: 38296115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a set of chronic inflammatory conditions, namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite all advances in the management of IBD, a definitive cure is not available, largely due to a lack of a holistic understanding of its etiology and pathophysiology. Several in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models have been developed over the past few decades in order to abbreviate remaining gaps. The establishment of reliable and predictable in vitro intestinal inflammation models may indeed provide valuable tools to expedite and validate the development of therapies for IBD. Three-dimensional (3D) models provide a more accurate representation of the different layers of the intestine, contributing to a stronger impact on drug screening and research on intestinal inflammation, and bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo research. This work provides a critical overview on the state-of-the-art on existing 3D models of intestinal inflammation and discusses the remaining challenges, providing insights on possible pathways towards achieving IBD mimetic models. We also address some of the main challenges faced by implementing cell culture models in IBD research while bearing in mind clinical translational aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia S Barros
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Leite-Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juliana Viegas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - José das Neves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rute Nunes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
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Saxena A, Mitchell C, Bogdon R, Roark K, Wilson K, Staley S, Hailey M, Williams MC, Rutkovsky A, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Busbee PB. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates Muc2 Production Independently of IL-22 during Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2404. [PMID: 38397081 PMCID: PMC10888603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), was effective at reducing colitis severity through immune cell-mediated interleukin-22 (IL-22) production. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are also involved in regulating colitis, so we investigated their AhR-mediated mechanisms in the current report. A transcriptome analysis of IECs in wildtype (WT) mice revealed that during colitis, I3C regulated select mucin proteins, which could be attributed to goblet cell development. To address this, experiments under in vivo colitis (mice) or in vitro colon organoid conditions were undertaken to determine how select mucin proteins were altered in the absence or presence of AhR in IECs during I3C treatment. Comparing WT to IEC-specific AhR knockout mice (AhRΔIEC), the results showed that AhR expression was essential in IECs for I3C-mediated protection during colitis. AhR-deficiency also impaired mucin protein expression, particularly mucin 2 (Muc2), independently of IL-22. Collectively, this report highlights the important role of AhR in direct regulation of Muc2. These results provide justification for future studies aimed at determining how AhR might regulate select mucins through mechanisms such as direct transcription binding to enhance production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philip Brandon Busbee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (A.S.); (C.M.); (R.B.); (K.R.); (K.W.); (S.S.); (M.H.); (A.R.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
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Klotskova H, Kidess E, Nadal AL, Brugman S. The role of interleukin-22 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis: Friend and foe. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1144. [PMID: 38363052 PMCID: PMC10870696 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an important cytokine in the intestinal environment. IL-22 is mainly produced by immune cells and targeted at nonimmune cells such as epithelial and stromal cells in a broad array of tissues such as -but not restricted to- the liver and adipose tissue. IL-22 therefore connects immune functions with metabolic functions of the host, and since it is induced by the microbiota, connects host functioning to the outside environment. IL-22 induces epithelial cell proliferation aiding in rapid epithelium regeneration and wound healing. Additionally, IL-22 activates antiapoptotic genes and DNA damage response pathways, enhancing epithelial cell survival. Recently, it has also been shown that IL-22 induces Paneth cell differentiation in humans. However, IL-22 can also contribute to intestinal epithelium damage and reduces microbial diversity in the intestine directly or indirectly by inducing excessive antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells. Moreover, IL-22 enhances angiogenesis and may therefore support tumorigenesis in the intestine. In conclusion, it appears that whether IL-22 has a beneficial or harmful effect in the mammalian intestine largely depends on its regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature and emphasizes that IL-22 signaling outcome depends on the timing and duration of IL-22 production, the presence of it regulators such as IL-22BP, and the specific location of the cytokine production in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedi‐Britt Klotskova
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Evelien Kidess
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adria L. Nadal
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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Yang Y, Qu JY, Guo H, Zhou HY, Ruan X, Peng YC, Shen XF, Xiong J, Wang YL. Electroacupuncture at Sensitized Acupoints Relieves Somatic Referred Pain in Colitis Rats by Inhibiting Sympathetic-Sensory Coupling to Interfere with 5-HT Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:152-162. [PMID: 38038835 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at sensitized acupoints could reduce sympathetic-sensory coupling (SSC) and neurogenic inflammatory response by interfering with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)ergic neural pathways to relieve colitis and somatic referred pain, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Rats were treated with 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution for 7 days to establish a colitis model. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups according to a random number table (n=6). According to the "Research on Rat Acupoint Atlas", sensitized acupoints and non-sensitized acupoints were determined. Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, Zusanli-EA (ST 36), Dachangshu-EA (BL 25), and Xinshu (BL 15) groups (n=6), as well as the control, model, EA, and EA + GR113808 (a 5-HT inhibitor) groups (n=6). The rats in the control group received no treatment. Acupuncture was administered on 2 days after modeling using the stimulation pavameters: 1 mA, 2 Hz, for 30 min, with sparse and dense waves, for 14 consecutive days. GR113808 was injected into the tail vein at 5 mg/kg before EA for 10 min for 7 consecutive days. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments. Body weight and disease activity index (DAI) scores of rats were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe colon histopathology. SSC was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect 5-HT and substance P (SP) expressions. The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in skin tissue and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels in DRG were detected by Western blot. The levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), bradykinin (BK), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) in skin tissue, 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporters (SERT), 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT3R), and 5-HT 4 receptor (5-HT4R) in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS BL 25 and ST 36 acupoints were determined as sensitized acupoints, and BL 15 acupoint was used as a non-sensitized acupoint. EA at sensitized acupoints improved the DAI score, increased mechanical withdrawal thresholds, and alleviated colonic pathological damage of rats. EA at sensitized acupoints reduced SSC structures and decreased TH and CGRP expression levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, EA at sensitized acupoints reduced BK, PGI2, 5-HT, 5-HT3R and TPH1 levels, and increased HA, 5-HT4R and SERT levels in colitis rats (P<0.05). GR113808 treatment diminished the protective effect of EA at sensitized acupoints in colitis rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA at sensitized acupoints alleviated DSS-induced somatic referred pain in colitis rats by interfering with 5-HTergic neural pathway, and reducing SSC inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin-Yu Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Hua Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Xia Ruan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Ying-Chun Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Xue-Fang Shen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Jin Xiong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Yi-Li Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China.
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He Z, Xie H, Xu H, Wu J, Zeng W, He Q, Jobin C, Jin S, Lan P. Chemotherapy-induced microbiota exacerbates the toxicity of chemotherapy through the suppression of interleukin-10 from macrophages. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2319511. [PMID: 38400752 PMCID: PMC10896127 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2319511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been shown to influence the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy, thereby affecting treatment outcomes. Understanding the mechanism by which microbiota affects chemotherapeutic toxicity would have a profound impact on cancer management. In this study, we report that fecal microbiota transplantation from oxaliplatin-exposed mice promotes toxicity in recipient mice. Splenic RNA sequencing and macrophage depletion experiment showed that the microbiota-induced toxicity of oxaliplatin in mice was dependent on macrophages. Furthermore, oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity was exacerbated in Il10-/- mice, but not attenuated in Rag1-/- mice. Adoptive transfer of macrophage into Il10-/- mice confirmed the role of macrophage-derived IL-10 in the improvement of oxaliplatin-induced toxicity. Depletion of fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium was associated with the exacerbation of oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity, whereas supplementation with these probiotics alleviated chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Importantly, IL-10 administration and probiotics supplementation did not attenuate the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy. Clinically, patients with colorectal cancer exposed to oxaliplatin exhibited downregulation of peripheral CD45+IL-10+ cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that microbiota-mediated IL-10 production influences tolerance to chemotherapy, and thus represents a potential clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyang Xu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyi Zeng
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilang He
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sanqing Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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8
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Rondeau LE, Da Luz BB, Santiago A, Bermudez-Brito M, Hann A, De Palma G, Jury J, Wang X, Verdu EF, Galipeau HJ, Rolland C, Deraison C, Ruf W, Bercik P, Vergnolle N, Caminero A. Proteolytic bacteria expansion during colitis amplifies inflammation through cleavage of the external domain of PAR2. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2387857. [PMID: 39171684 PMCID: PMC11346554 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2387857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in proteolytic activity have been linked to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and experimental colitis. Proteases in the intestine play important roles in maintaining homeostasis, but exposure of mucosal tissues to excess proteolytic activity can promote pathology through protease-activated receptors (PARs). Previous research implicates microbial proteases in IBD, but the underlying pathways and specific interactions between microbes and PARs remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of microbial proteolytic activation of the external domain of PAR2 in intestinal injury using mice expressing PAR2 with a mutated N-terminal external domain that is resistant to canonical activation by proteolytic cleavage. Our findings demonstrate the key role of proteolytic cleavage of the PAR2 external domain in promoting intestinal permeability and inflammation during colitis. In wild-type mice expressing protease-sensitive PAR2, excessive inflammation leads to the expansion of bacterial taxa that cleave the external domain of PAR2, exacerbating colitis severity. In contrast, mice expressing mutated protease-resistant PAR2 exhibit attenuated colitis severity and do not experience the same proteolytic bacterial expansion. Colonization of wild-type mice with proteolytic PAR2-activating Enterococcus and Staphylococcus worsens colitis severity. Our study identifies a previously unknown interaction between proteolytic bacterial communities, which are shaped by inflammation, and the external domain of PAR2 in colitis. The findings should encourage new therapeutic developments for IBD by targeting excessive PAR2 cleavage by bacterial proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Emile Rondeau
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bruna Barbosa Da Luz
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alba Santiago
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Miriam Bermudez-Brito
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amber Hann
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Giada De Palma
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Jury
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Francisca Verdu
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Jean Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne Rolland
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Celine Deraison
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Alberto Caminero
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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9
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Zogorean R, Wirtz S. The yin and yang of B cells in a constant state of battle: intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260266. [PMID: 37849749 PMCID: PMC10577428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, defined by a clinical relapse-remitting course. Affecting people worldwide, the origin of IBD is still undefined, arising as a consequence of the interaction between genes, environment, and microbiota. Although the root cause is difficult to identify, data clearly indicate that dysbiosis and pathogenic microbial taxa are connected with the establishment and clinical course of IBD. The composition of the microbiota is shaped by plasma cell IgA secretion and binding, while cytokines such as IL10 or IFN-γ are important fine-tuners of the immune response in the gastrointestinal environment. B cells may also influence the course of inflammation by promoting either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory milieu. Here, we discuss IgA-producing B regulatory cells as an anti-inflammatory factor in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we specify the context of IgA and IgG as players that can potentially participate in mucosal inflammation. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells in mouse infection models where IL10, IgA, or IgG contribute to the outcome of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zogorean
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
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10
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Kwon HJ, Chun SY, Lee EH, Yoon B, Han MH, Chung JW, Ha YS, Lee JN, Kim HT, Kim DH, Kwon TG, Kim BS, Lee SO, Jang BI. Protaetia Brevitarsis-Derived Protein Hydrolysate Reduces Obesity-Related Colitis Induced by High-Fat Diet in Mice through Anti-Inflammatory Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12333. [PMID: 37569708 PMCID: PMC10418620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation in the mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon. Obesity is closely related to the occurrence and progression of colitis. The most plausible mechanism linking obesity and colitis is an excessive adipogenesis-related inflammatory response, which causes mucosal dysfunction. Obesity and colitis are linked by several etiologic mechanisms, including excessive adipogenesis, lipotoxicity, pro-inflammatory adipokines/cytokines, macrophage polarization, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and gut microbiota. These low-grade enteric inflammations cause mucosal layer damage, especially goblet cell dysfunction through mucin 2 (MUC2) misfolding, ultimately leading to colitis. Inhibiting the inflammatory response can be the most effective approach for treating obesity-related colitis. We focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols in Protaectia brevitas larvae. The P. brevitas was prepared as a low molecular protein hydrolysate (PHPB) to increase the concentration of anti-inflammatory molecules. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of PHPB in an obesity-induced colitis mouse model. Compared with the high-fat diet (HFD) group, the group treated with PHPB exhibited reduced body/organ/fat weight, appetite/food intake inhibition, hypolipidemic effect on ectopic fat, and anti-adipogenic mechanism through the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed attenuated expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα, inhibition of pro-inflammatory molecules, stimulation of anti-inflammatory molecules, probiotic-like effect against obesogenic gut microbiota, inhibition of macrophage polarization into M1, suppression of oxidative/ER stress, and reduction of Muc2 protein misfolding in colon. These diverse anti-inflammatory responses caused histological and functional recovery of goblet cells, eventually improving colitis. Therefore, our findings suggest that the protein hydrolysate of Protaetia brevitarsis can improve obesity-related colitis through its anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jun Kwon
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - So Young Chun
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - BoHyun Yoon
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Hoon Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Chung
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research Support Team, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ik Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
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11
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Holcomb L, Holman JM, Hurd M, Lavoie B, Colucci L, Hunt B, Hunt T, Kinney M, Pathak J, Mawe GM, Moses PL, Perry E, Stratigakis A, Zhang T, Chen G, Ishaq SL, Li Y. Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525953. [PMID: 36747766 PMCID: PMC9900910 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's Disease (CD) is a presentation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that manifests in childhood and adolescence, and involves chronic and severe enterocolitis, immune and gut microbiome dysregulation, and other complications. Diet and gut-microbiota-produced metabolites are sources of anti-inflammatories which could ameliorate symptoms. However, questions remain on how IBD influences biogeographic patterns of microbial location and function in the gut, how early life transitional gut communities are affected by IBD and diet interventions, and how disruption to biogeography alters disease mediation by diet components or microbial metabolites. Many studies on diet and IBD use a chemically induced ulcerative colitis model, despite the availability of an immune-modulated CD model. Interleukin-10-knockout (IL-10-KO) mice on a C57BL/6 background, beginning at age 4 or 7 weeks, were fed a control diet or one containing 10% (w/w) raw broccoli sprouts, which was high in the sprout-sourced anti-inflammatory sulforaphane. Diets began 7 days prior to, and for 2 weeks after inoculation with Helicobacter hepaticus, which triggers Crohn's-like symptoms in these immune-impaired mice. The broccoli sprout diet increased sulforaphane in plasma; decreased weight stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea associated; and increased microbiota richness in the gut, especially in younger mice. Sprout diets resulted in some anatomically specific bacteria in younger mice, and reduced the prevalence and abundance of pathobiont bacteria which trigger inflammation in the IL-10-KO mouse, for example; Escherichia coli and Helicobacter. Overall, the IL-10-KO mouse model is responsive to a raw broccoli sprout diet and represents an opportunity for more diet-host-microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Molly Hurd
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Brigitte Lavoie
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA 04401
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Jahnavi Pathak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA 02143
| | - Emma Perry
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Allesandra Stratigakis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 48109
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Yanyan Li
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
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12
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Morales M, Xue X. Hypoxia in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4767-4783. [PMID: 37358514 PMCID: PMC10799609 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic disease of disordered chronic inflammation in the intestines that affects many people across the world. While the disease is still being better characterized, greater progress has been made in understanding the many components that intersect in the disease. Among these components are the many pieces that compose the intestinal epithelial barrier, the various cytokines and immune cells, and the population of microbes that reside in the intestinal lumen. Since their discovery, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have been found to play an expansive role in physiology as well as diseases such as inflammation due to their role in oxygen sensing-related gene transcription, and metabolic control. Making use of existing and developing paradigms in the immuno-gastroenterology of IBD, we summarized that hypoxic signaling plays as another component in the status and progression of IBD, which may include possible functions at the origins of inflammatory dysregulation. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4767-4783, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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13
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Casado-Bedmar M, Roy M, Viennois E. The Effect of Sex-Specific Differences on IL-10 -/- Mouse Colitis Phenotype and Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10364. [PMID: 37373511 PMCID: PMC10299321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is an important factor in understanding various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While females typically exhibit stronger immune responses, the role of sex in IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the sex-dependent differences and inflammatory susceptibility in the most extensively used IBD mouse model as they developed colitis. We monitored IL10-deficient mice (IL-10-/-) up to 17 weeks of age and characterized their colonic and fecal inflammatory phenotype, as well as their microbiota changes. Here, we originally identified IL-10-/- female mice as more prone to developing intestinal inflammation, with an increase in fecal miR-21, and dysbiosis with more detrimental characteristics compared to males. Our findings provide valuable insights into the sex-based differences in the pathophysiology of colitis and emphasize the importance of considering sex in experimental designs. Moreover, this study paves the way for future investigations aiming at addressing sex-related differences for the development of adequate disease models and therapeutic strategies, ideally enabling personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilie Viennois
- INSERM, U1149, Center of Research on Inflammation, Université de Paris, 75018 Paris, France; (M.C.-B.); (M.R.)
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14
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Carlini V, Noonan DM, Abdalalem E, Goletti D, Sansone C, Calabrone L, Albini A. The multifaceted nature of IL-10: regulation, role in immunological homeostasis and its relevance to cancer, COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161067. [PMID: 37359549 PMCID: PMC10287165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, protecting the body from an uncontrolled immune response, mostly through the Jak1/Tyk2 and STAT3 signaling pathway. On the other hand, IL-10 can also have immunostimulating functions under certain conditions. Given the pivotal role of IL-10 in immune modulation, this cytokine could have relevant implications in pathologies characterized by hyperinflammatory state, such as cancer, or infectious diseases as in the case of COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 syndrome. Recent evidence proposed IL-10 as a predictor of severity and mortality for patients with acute or post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, IL-10 can act as an endogenous danger signal, released by tissues undergoing damage in an attempt to protect the organism from harmful hyperinflammation. Pharmacological strategies aimed to potentiate or restore IL-10 immunomodulatory action may represent novel promising avenues to counteract cytokine storm arising from hyperinflammation and effectively mitigate severe complications. Natural bioactive compounds, derived from terrestrial or marine photosynthetic organisms and able to increase IL-10 expression, could represent a useful prevention strategy to curb inflammation through IL-10 elevation and will be discussed here. However, the multifaceted nature of IL-10 has to be taken into account in the attempts to modulate its levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carlini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Eslam Abdalalem
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie Marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) European Institute of Oncology IEO-, Milan, Italy
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15
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Abstract
The epithelial tissues that line our body, such as the skin and gut, have remarkable regenerative prowess and continually renew throughout our lifetimes. Owing to their barrier function, these tissues have also evolved sophisticated repair mechanisms to swiftly heal and limit the penetration of harmful agents following injury. Researchers now appreciate that epithelial regeneration and repair are not autonomous processes but rely on a dynamic cross talk with immunity. A wealth of clinical and experimental data point to the functional coupling of reparative and inflammatory responses as two sides of the same coin. Here we bring to the fore the immunological signals that underlie homeostatic epithelial regeneration and restitution following damage. We review our current understanding of how immune cells contribute to distinct phases of repair. When unchecked, immune-mediated repair programs are co-opted to fuel epithelial pathologies such as cancer, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Thus, understanding the reparative functions of immunity may advance therapeutic innovation in regenerative medicine and epithelial inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Guenin-Mace
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Immunobiology and Therapy Unit, INSERM U1224, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Piotr Konieczny
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Dora D, Bokhari SMZ, Aloss K, Takacs P, Desnoix JZ, Szklenárik G, Hurley PD, Lohinai Z. Implication of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial-Derived Metabolites in Immune-Related Adverse Events: Emergence of Novel Biomarkers for Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032769. [PMID: 36769093 PMCID: PMC9916922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed how we think about tumor management. Combinations of anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy have become the standard of care in many advanced-stage cancers, including as a first-line therapy. Aside from improved anti-tumor immunity, the mechanism of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exposes a new toxicity profile known as immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). This novel toxicity can damage any organ, but the skin, digestive and endocrine systems are the most frequently afflicted. Most ICI-attributed toxicity symptoms are mild, but some are severe and necessitate multidisciplinary side effect management. Obtaining knowledge on the various forms of immune-related toxicities and swiftly changing treatment techniques to lower the probability of experiencing severe irAEs has become a priority in oncological care. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of an intriguing link between the gut microbiome and ICI outcomes. Multiple studies have demonstrated a connection between microbial metagenomic and metatranscriptomic patterns and ICI efficacy in malignant melanoma, lung and colorectal cancer. The immunomodulatory effect of the gut microbiome can have a real effect on the biological background of irAEs as well. Furthermore, specific microbial signatures and metabolites might be associated with the onset and severity of toxicity symptoms. By identifying these biological factors, novel biomarkers can be used in clinical practice to predict and manage potential irAEs. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the clinical aspects and biological background of ICI-related irAEs and their potential association with the gut microbiome and metabolome. We aim to explore the current state of knowledge on the most important and reliable irAE-related biomarkers of microbial origin and discuss the intriguing connection between ICI efficacy and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dora
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (Z.L.)
| | | | - Kenan Aloss
- Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Takacs
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Juliane Zsuzsanna Desnoix
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Szklenárik
- Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltan Lohinai
- Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Pihenő út 1-3, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (Z.L.)
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17
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An Elemental Diet Enriched in Amino Acids Alters the Gut Microbial Community and Prevents Colonic Mucus Degradation in Mice with Colitis. mSystems 2022; 7:e0088322. [PMID: 36468853 PMCID: PMC9765100 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00883-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of dietary amino acids or intact proteins in the progression of colitis remains controversial, and the mechanism involving gut microbes is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of an elemental diet (ED) enriched in amino acids and a polymeric diet enriched in intact protein on the pathogenesis of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Our results showed that the ED induced remission of colitis in mice. Notably, ED treatment reduced the abundance of the mucolytic bacteria Akkermansia and Bacteroides, which was attributed to decreased colonic protein fermentation. Consistently, the activities of mucolytic enzymes were decreased, leading to protection against mucus layer degradation and microbial invasion. Fecal microbiota transplantation from ED-fed mice reshaped microbial ecology and alleviated intestinal inflammation in recipient mice. The ED failed to induce remission of colitis in pseudogermfree mice. Together, our results demonstrate the critical role of the gut microbiota in the prevention of colitis by an ED. IMPORTANCE The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is rapidly increasing and has become a global burden. Several specific amino acids have been shown to benefit mucosal healing and colitis remission. However, the role of amino acids or intact proteins in diets and enteral nutrition formulas is controversial, and the mechanisms involving gut microbes remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of an elemental diet (ED) enriched in amino acids and a polymeric diet enriched in intact protein on the pathogenesis of colitis in mice. The underlying mechanisms were explored by utilizing fecal microbiota transplantation and pseudogermfree mice. ED treatment reduced the abundance of mucolytic bacteria, thereby protecting the mucus layer from microbial invasion and degradation. For the first time, we convincingly demonstrated the critical role of gut microbiota in the effects of the ED. This study may provide new insights into the gut microbiota-diet interaction and its role in human health.
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18
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Luo P, Li X, Gao Y, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Tian X. Central administration of human opiorphin alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice through activation of the endogenous opioid system. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:904926. [PMID: 36176442 PMCID: PMC9513434 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.904926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid system plays a crucial role in maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis. Endogenous opioid peptide enkephalins have anti-inflammatory effect and participate in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Here, we investigated the effect of natural enkephalinase inhibitor human opiorphin (HO) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Our results showed that central administration of HO attenuated DSS-induced colitis, as indicated by the reduction of disease activity index (DAI) scores, macroscopic scores, histological scores, and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Moreover, HO alleviated DSS-induced inflammation by decreasing inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in both serum and colon tissues in DSS-treated mice. The potential anti-inflammatory effect of HO at a dose of 40 μg/kg was observed as evidenced by a decrease in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65, toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), iNOS, and COX-2. HO also improved intestinal barrier function by enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, HO treatment significantly inhibited activities of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and aminopeptidase N (APN), elevated serum enkephalins concentrations, and increased expressions of mu and delta opioid receptors. In addition, pretreatment with opioid receptor antagonist naloxone hydrochloride (NH) compromised the protective effect of HO and aggravated colitis symptoms, as indicated by inhibited anti-inflammatory effects, disrupted intestinal barrier function, and decreased opioid receptor activity. In conclusion, these data indicate that HO protects against DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation and improving intestinal barrier function through activation of the endogenous opioid system. Therefore, targeting the opioid system with peptidase inhibitors intervention would be a novel strategy in the therapy of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengjun Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Quanwei Zhang, ; Zhimin Wang, ; Xiaozhu Tian,
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital PET/CT Center, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Quanwei Zhang, ; Zhimin Wang, ; Xiaozhu Tian,
| | - Xiaozhu Tian
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Quanwei Zhang, ; Zhimin Wang, ; Xiaozhu Tian,
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19
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Pre-Clinical Murine Models of Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169344. [PMID: 36012618 PMCID: PMC9409205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both highly inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although the cause of IBD is still unclear, several experimental IBD murine models have enabled researchers to make great inroads into understanding human IBD pathology. Here, we discuss the current pre-clinical experimental murine models for human IBD, including the chemical-induced trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) model, oxazolone and dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) models, the gene-deficient I-kappa-B kinase gamma (Iκκ-γ) and interleukin(IL)-10 models, and the CD4+ T-cell transfer model. We offer a comprehensive review of how these models have been used to dissect the etiopathogenesis of disease, alongside their limitations. Furthermore, the way in which this knowledge has led to the translation of experimental findings into novel clinical therapeutics is also discussed.
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20
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The Microbiota and Cytokines Correlation between the Jejunum and Colon in Altay Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121564. [PMID: 35739900 PMCID: PMC9219508 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Both the jejunum and the colon secrete unique immune factors that interact with the gut microbiota. Investigating the association of gut microbiota and the host immune system, we detected higher populations of Bacteroides, Fibrobacteres and Spirochetes in the colon than in the jejunum of Altay sheep, which is a unique breed in Xinjiang. Levels of IL-6 and IL-12 were lower in the colon than in the jejunum. IL-10 was positively correlated with Ruminococcus_2 in the jejunum. These results indicate a potential interaction between intestinal microbiota and the host immune system that may be considered for the prevention of sheep diseases and the screening of probiotics. Abstract Both the jejunum and colon release cytokines that interact with intestinal microbiota. However, it is largely unclear which cytokines and microbial populations are involved in the homeostasis of the intestinal ecosystem for sheep health. To address this, we collected contents for isolating microbiota and tissues for determining cytokines from the jejunum and colon of 7-month-old Altay sheep. We used the techniques of 16S rRNA sequencing and ELISA to detect microbial population and cytokine level, respectively. Correlations between microbial population and cytokines were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient. The correlation analysis revealed higher populations of Bacteroides, Fibrobacteres and Spirochetes in the colon than in the jejunum, and IL-6 and IL-12 levels were higher in the jejunum than in the colon. Association analysis further revealed a positive association between IL-10 level and both Ruminococcus_2 and norank_f_Bifidobacteriaceae population in the jejunum. The analysis also revealed positive associations between IL-6 level and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 population, IL-10 and Prevotellaceae_UCG-004, as well as TNF-α and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 in the colon. These results indicate a potential interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the host immune system that needs to be further clarified for considering dietary formulations to maintain animal health and disease prevention.
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Abraham C, Abreu MT, Turner JR. Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling and Cytokine Networks in Microbial Defenses and Regulation of Intestinal Barriers: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1602-1616.e6. [PMID: 35149024 PMCID: PMC9112237 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by defects in epithelial function and dysregulated inflammatory signaling by lamina propria mononuclear cells including macrophages and dendritic cells in response to microbiota. In this review, we focus on the role of pattern recognition receptors in the inflammatory response as well as epithelial barrier regulation. We explore cytokine networks that increase inflammation, regulate paracellular permeability, cause epithelial damage, up-regulate epithelial proliferation, and trigger restitutive processes. We focus on studies using patient samples as well as speculate on pathways that can be targeted to more holistically treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Abraham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jerrold R. Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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22
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Yang J, Germano PM, Oh S, Wang S, Wang J, Lee R, Paige H, Yang S, Henning SM, Zhong J, Jacobs JP, Li Z. Pomegranate Extract Improves Colitis in IL-10 Knockout Mice Fed a High Fat High Sucrose Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100730. [PMID: 34932869 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The study tests the hypothesis that dietary pomegranate extract (PomX) supplementation attenuates colitis in a Western diet feed IL-10 deficient (IL-10-/-) murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-week-old male IL-10-/- mice are randomly assigned to a high fat high sucrose (HFHS) diet or a HFHS diet supplement with 0.25% PomX for 8 weeks. PomX supplementation lead to significantly lower histological score for colitis (2.6 ± 0.5 vs 3.9 ± 1.0), lower spleen weight (0.11 ± 0.01 vs 0.15 ± 0.02), and lower circulating Interleukin 6(IL-6) levels (15.8±2.2 vs 29.5±5.5) compared with HFHS fed controls. RNAseq analysis of colonic tissues showed 483 downregulated and 263 upregulated genes with PomX supplementation, which are mainly associated with inflammatory responses, defenses, and neutrophil degranulation. In addition, PomX treatment affects the cecal microbiome with increased alpha diversity, altered microbial composition, and increased levels of the tryptophan-related microbial metabolite indole propionate. CONCLUSION The data demonstrate that dietary PomX supplementation ameliorated colitis and lowered inflammatory markers in HFHS fed IL-10-/- mice. These data support the anti-inflammatory effects of dietary PomX supplementation for IBD and a potential mediating role of gut microbiome, suggesting the need for future clinical studies to explore the use of PomX dietary supplementation in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Patrizia Maria Germano
- Department of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Research Service Department, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Suwan Oh
- Research Service Department, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sijia Wang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rupo Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hayden Paige
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Scarlet Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jin Zhong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan P Jacobs
- Department of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Zhou L, Zhou W, Joseph AM, Chu C, Putzel GG, Fang B, Teng F, Lyu M, Yano H, Andreasson KI, Mekada E, Eberl G, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells produce the growth factor HB-EGF to protect the intestine from TNF-mediated inflammation. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:251-261. [PMID: 35102343 PMCID: PMC8842850 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drives chronic inflammation and cell death in the intestine, and blocking TNF is a therapeutic approach in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite this knowledge, the pathways that protect the intestine from TNF are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) protect the intestinal epithelium from TNF-induced cell death. This occurs independent of interleukin-22 (IL-22), and we identify that ILC3s are a dominant source of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF). ILC3s produce HB-EGF in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and engagement of the EP2 receptor. Mice lacking ILC3-derived HB-EGF exhibit increased susceptibility to TNF-mediated epithelial cell death and experimental intestinal inflammation. Finally, human ILC3s produce HB-EGF and are reduced from the inflamed intestine. These results define an essential role for ILC3-derived HB-EGF in protecting the intestine from TNF and indicate that disruption of this pathway contributes to IBD.
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24
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Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Killian M, Rochereau N, Paul S. Metabolites and secretory immunoglobulins: messengers and effectors of the host-microbiota intestinal equilibrium. Trends Immunol 2021; 43:63-77. [PMID: 34848167 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining commensal diversity is essential to host homeostasis, because microbial species provide a range of metabolic products and continuously educate the host immune system. The mucosal immune system must actively gather information about the composition of the microbiota, while offering an appropriate response. In mammals, bacterial sensing leads to the production of specific immunoglobulins (Ig), which reach the intestinal lumen as secretory Ig (SIg). Recent work has shed more light on the mechanisms by which SIg can shape bacterial repertoires and contribute to regulating host metabolism. In parallel, bacterial metabolites modulate Ig production and secretion. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of the relationship between bacterial metabolites and host SIg, correlating the disruption of this balance with chronic inflammation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Martin Killian
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nicolas Rochereau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France.
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25
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Mahmoud HA, Salama WM, Mariah RA, Eid AM. Ameliorative effect of Leiurus quinquestriatus venom on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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26
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Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040079. [PMID: 34842660 PMCID: PMC8628792 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting the role of inflammation in colorectal cancer formation. Multiple cytokines, immune cells such T cells and macrophages, and other immune mediators have been identified in pathways leading to the initiation, growth, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Outside the previously explored mechanisms and pathways leading to colorectal cancer, initiatives have been shifted to further study the role of inflammation in pathogenesis. Inflammatory pathways have also been linked to some traditional risk factors of colorectal cancer such as obesity, smoking and diabetes, as well as more novel associations such as the gut microbiome, the gut mycobiome and exosomes. In this review, we will explore the roles of obesity and diet, smoking, diabetes, the microbiome, the mycobiome and exosomes in colorectal cancer, with a specific focus on the underlying inflammatory and metabolic pathways involved. We will also investigate how the study of colon cancer from an inflammatory background not only creates a more holistic and inclusive understanding of this disease, but also creates unique opportunities for prevention, early diagnosis and therapy.
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27
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Kidess E, Kleerebezem M, Brugman S. Colonizing Microbes, IL-10 and IL-22: Keeping the Peace at the Mucosal Surface. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:729053. [PMID: 34603258 PMCID: PMC8484919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.729053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our world is filled with microbes. Each multicellular organism has developed ways to interact with this microbial environment. Microbes do not always pose a threat; they can contribute to many processes that benefit the host. Upon colonization both host and microbes adapt resulting in dynamic ecosystems in different host niches. Regulatory processes develop within the host to prevent overt inflammation to beneficial microbes, yet keeping the possibility to respond when pathogens attempt to adhere and invade tissues. This review will focus on microbial colonization and the early (innate) host immune response, with special emphasis on the microbiota-modifying roles of IL-10 and IL-22 in the intestine. IL-10 knock out mice show an altered microbial composition, and spontaneously develop enterocolitis over time. IL-22 knock out mice, although not developing enterocolitis spontaneously, also have an altered microbial composition and increase of epithelial-adherent bacteria, mainly caused by a decrease in mucin and anti-microbial peptide production. Recently interesting links have been found between the IL-10 and IL-22 pathways. While IL-22 can function as a regulatory cytokine at the mucosal surface, it also has inflammatory roles depending on the context. For example, lack of IL-22 in the IL-10–/– mice model prevents spontaneous colitis development. Additionally, the reduced microbial diversity observed in IL-10–/– mice was also reversed in IL-10/IL-22 double mutant mice (Gunasekera et al., 2020). Since in early life, host immunity develops in parallel and in interaction with colonizing microbes, there is a need for future studies that focus on the effect of the timing of colonization in relation to the developmental phase of the host. To illustrate this, examples from zebrafish research will be compared with studies performed in mammals. Since zebrafish develop from eggs and are directly exposed to the outside microbial world, timing of the development of host immunity and subsequent control of microbial composition, is different from mammals that develop in utero and only get exposed after birth. Likewise, colonization studies using adult germfree mice might yield different results from those using neonatal germfree mice. Lastly, special emphasis will be given to the need for host genotype and environmental (co-housing) control of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Kidess
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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28
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Klooster JPT, Bol-Schoenmakers M, van Summeren K, van Vliet ALW, de Haan CAM, van Kuppeveld FJM, Verkoeijen S, Pieters R. Enterocytes, fibroblasts and myeloid cells synergize in anti-bacterial and anti-viral pathways with IL22 as the central cytokine. Commun Biol 2021; 4:631. [PMID: 34045640 PMCID: PMC8160143 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IL22 is an important cytokine involved in the intestinal defense mechanisms against microbiome. By using ileum-derived organoids, we show that the expression of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) and anti-viral peptides (AVPs) can be induced by IL22. In addition, we identified a bacterial and a viral route, both leading to IL22 production by T cells, but via different pathways. Bacterial products, such as LPS, induce enterocyte-secreted SAA1, which triggers the secretion of IL6 in fibroblasts, and subsequently IL22 in T cells. This IL22 induction can then be enhanced by macrophage-derived TNFα in two ways: by enhancing the responsiveness of T cells to IL6 and by increasing the expression of IL6 by fibroblasts. Viral infections of intestinal cells induce IFNβ1 and subsequently IL7. IFNβ1 can induce the expression of IL6 in fibroblasts and the combined activity of IL6 and IL7 can then induce IL22 expression in T cells. We also show that IL22 reduces the expression of viral entry receptors (e.g. ACE2, TMPRSS2, DPP4, CD46 and TNFRSF14), increases the expression of anti-viral proteins (e.g. RSAD2, AOS, ISG20 and Mx1) and, consequently, reduces the viral infection of neighboring cells. Overall, our data indicates that IL22 contributes to the innate responses against both bacteria and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Ten Klooster
- Research Centre Healthy and Sustainable Living, Innovative Testing in Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marianne Bol-Schoenmakers
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Population Health Sciences Division, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty van Summeren
- Research Centre Healthy and Sustainable Living, Innovative Testing in Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arno L W van Vliet
- Virology Section, Infectious Disease and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A M de Haan
- Virology Section, Infectious Disease and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J M van Kuppeveld
- Virology Section, Infectious Disease and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saertje Verkoeijen
- Research Centre Healthy and Sustainable Living, Innovative Testing in Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Pieters
- Research Centre Healthy and Sustainable Living, Innovative Testing in Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Population Health Sciences Division, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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29
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Cribas ES, Denny JE, Maslanka JR, Abt MC. Loss of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Signaling Promotes IL-22-Dependent Host Defenses against Acute Clostridioides difficile Infection. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e00730-20. [PMID: 33649048 PMCID: PMC8091099 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00730-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with the bacterial pathogen Clostridioides difficile causes severe damage to the intestinal epithelium that elicits a robust inflammatory response. Markers of intestinal inflammation accurately predict clinical disease, however, the extent to which host-derived proinflammatory mediators drive pathogenesis versus promote host protective mechanisms remains elusive. In this report, we employed Il10-/- mice as a model of spontaneous colitis to examine the impact of constitutive intestinal immune activation, independent of infection, on C. difficile disease pathogenesis. Upon C. difficile challenge, Il10-/- mice exhibited significantly decreased morbidity and mortality compared to littermate Il10 heterozygote (Il10HET) control mice, despite a comparable C. difficile burden, innate immune response, and microbiota composition following infection. Similarly, antibody-mediated blockade of interleukin-10 (IL-10) signaling in wild-type C57BL/6 mice conveyed a survival advantage if initiated 3 weeks prior to infection. In contrast, no advantage was observed if blockade was initiated on the day of infection, suggesting that the constitutive activation of inflammatory defense pathways prior to infection mediated host protection. IL-22, a cytokine critical in mounting a protective response against C. difficile infection, was elevated in the intestine of uninfected, antibiotic-treated Il10-/- mice, and genetic ablation of the IL-22 signaling pathway in Il10-/- mice negated the survival advantage following C. difficile challenge. Collectively, these data demonstrate that constitutive loss of IL-10 signaling, via genetic ablation or antibody blockade, enhances IL-22-dependent host defense mechanisms to limit C. difficile pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Cribas
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joshua E Denny
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Maslanka
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael C Abt
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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30
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Saxton RA, Henneberg LT, Calafiore M, Su L, Jude KM, Hanash AM, Garcia KC. The tissue protective functions of interleukin-22 can be decoupled from pro-inflammatory actions through structure-based design. Immunity 2021; 54:660-672.e9. [PMID: 33852830 PMCID: PMC8054646 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) acts on epithelial cells to promote tissue protection and regeneration, but can also elicit pro-inflammatory effects, contributing to disease pathology. Here, we engineered a high-affinity IL-22 super-agonist that enabled the structure determination of the IL-22-IL-22Rα-IL-10Rβ ternary complex to a resolution of 2.6 Å. Using structure-based design, we systematically destabilized the IL-22-IL-10Rβ binding interface to create partial agonist analogs that decoupled downstream STAT1 and STAT3 signaling. The extent of STAT bias elicited by a single ligand varied across tissues, ranging from full STAT3-biased agonism to STAT1/3 antagonism, correlating with IL-10Rβ expression levels. In vivo, this tissue-selective signaling drove tissue protection in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract without inducing local or systemic inflammation, thereby uncoupling these opposing effects of IL-22 signaling. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the cytokine pleiotropy and illustrate how differential receptor expression levels and STAT response thresholds can be synthetically exploited to endow pleiotropic cytokines with enhanced functional specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Saxton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lukas T Henneberg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marco Calafiore
- Departments of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, and Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Leon Su
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alan M Hanash
- Departments of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, and Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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31
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Pang L, Huynh J, Alorro MG, Li X, Ernst M, Chand AL. STAT3 Signalling via the IL-6ST/gp130 Cytokine Receptor Promotes Epithelial Integrity and Intestinal Barrier Function during DSS-Induced Colitis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020187. [PMID: 33673239 PMCID: PMC7918037 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium provides a barrier against commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Barrier dysfunction promotes chronic inflammation, which can drive the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Although the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) is overexpressed in both intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells in IBD patients, the role of the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines through the shared IL-6ST/gp130 receptor and its associated STAT3 signalling in intestinal barrier integrity is unclear. We therefore investigated the role of STAT3 in retaining epithelial barrier integrity using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in two genetically modified mouse models, to either reduce STAT1/3 activation in response to IL-6 family cytokines with a truncated gp130∆STAT allele (GP130∆STAT/+), or by inducing short hairpin-mediated knockdown of Stat3 (shStat3). Here, we show that mice with reduced STAT3 activity are highly susceptible to DSS-induced colitis. Mechanistically, the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signalling cascade orchestrates intestinal barrier function by modulating cytokine secretion and promoting epithelial integrity to maintain a defence against bacteria. Our study also identifies a crucial role of STAT3 in controlling intestinal permeability through tight junction proteins. Thus, therapeutically targeting the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signalling axis to promote barrier function may serve as a treatment strategy for IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Pang
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Mariah G. Alorro
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Ashwini L. Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.L.C.)
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Shieh J, Kobayashi S, Yang VW. Aberrant differentiation of intestinal stem cells due to inflammation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction predicts postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 3. [PMID: 33447825 PMCID: PMC7806188 DOI: 10.21037/dmr-2020-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Shieh
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Soma Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Jing X, Korchagina AA, Shein SA, Muraoka WT, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. IL-23 Contributes to Campylobacter jejuni-Induced Intestinal Pathology via Promoting IL-17 and IFNγ Responses by Innate Lymphoid Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:579615. [PMID: 33488580 PMCID: PMC7815532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is a significant risk factor for the development of long-term intestinal dysfunction although the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain scantily defined. IL-23 is an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases, however its role in C. jejuni-driven intestinal pathology is not fully understood. IL-10 deficient mice represent a robust model to study the pathogenesis of C. jejuni infection because C. jejuni infection of mice lacking IL-10 results in symptoms and pathology that resemble human campylobacteriosis. To determine the role of IL-23 in C. jejuni-driven intestinal inflammation, we studied the disease pathogenesis in IL-23-/- mice with inhibited IL-10Rα signaling. These mice exhibited reduced intestinal pathology independent from bacterial clearance. Further, levels of IFNγ, IL-17, IL-22, TNF, and IL-6 were reduced and associated with reduced accumulation of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages in the colon. Flow cytometry analysis revealed reduced production of IL-17 and IFNγ by group 1 and 3 innate lymphoid cells. Thus, our data suggest that IL-23 contributes to intestinal inflammation in C. jejuni infected mice by promoting IL-17 and IFNγ production by innate lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jing
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Anna A Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Sergey A Shein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Wayne T Muraoka
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY, United States
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Yang Q, Wang Y, Jia A, Wang Y, Bi Y, Liu G. The crosstalk between gut bacteria and host immunity in intestinal inflammation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2239-2254. [PMID: 32853458 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gut of mammals is considered as a harmonious ecosystem mediated by intestinal microbiota and the host. Both bacteria and mammalian immune cells show region-related distribution characteristics, and the interaction between the two could be demonstrated by synergetic roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and dysregulation in intestinal inflammation. The harmonious interplay between bacteria and host requires fine-tuned regulations by environmental and genetic factors. Thus, the disturbed immune response to microbial components or metabolites and dysbiosis related to immunodeficiency are absolute risk factors to intestinal inflammation and cancer. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between bacteria and host immunity in the gut and highlight the critical roles of bidirectional regulation between bacteria and the mammalian immune system involved in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Shohan M, Dehghani R, Khodadadi A, Dehnavi S, Ahmadi R, Joudaki N, Houshmandfar S, Shamshiri M, Shojapourian S, Bagheri N. Interleukin-22 and intestinal homeostasis: Protective or destructive? IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1585-1602. [PMID: 32365282 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-22 is a member of IL-10 family cytokines with various immunologic functions. As its name implies, IL-22 is known to be secreted mainly by Th22 cells, a recently discovered lineage of CD4+ T cells. Also, Th17, Th1, natural killer cells, γδT cells, and innate immune cells along with some nonlymphoid cells have been confirmed as secondary cellular sources of IL-22. Different cell types such as bronchial and intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, hepatocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and tubular epithelial cells are affected by IL-22. Both pathologic and protective roles have been attributed to IL-22 in maintaining gut homeostasis and inflammation. According to the latest fast-growing investigations, IL-22 is significantly involved in various pathologies including allergic diseases, infection, autoimmunity, and cancer development. Regulating gut immune responses, barrier integrity, and inflammation is dependent on a diverse complex of cytokines and mediators which are secreted by mucosal immune cells. Several investigations have been designed to recognize the role of IL-22 in gastrointestinal immunity. This article tries to discuss the latest knowledge on this issue and clarify the potential of IL-22 to be used in the future therapeutic approaches of intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel diseases and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Shohan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Dehghani
- Department of Pediatrics, Abuzar Children's Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajad Dehnavi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nazanin Joudaki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sheyda Houshmandfar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marziye Shamshiri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Samira Shojapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Wei HX, Wang B, Li B. IL-10 and IL-22 in Mucosal Immunity: Driving Protection and Pathology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1315. [PMID: 32670290 PMCID: PMC7332769 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The barrier surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract are in constant contact with various microorganisms. Cytokines orchestrate the mucosal adaptive and innate immune cells in the defense against pathogens. IL-10 and IL-22 are the best studied members of the IL-10 family and play essential roles in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. IL-10 serves as an important regulator in preventing pro-inflammatory responses while IL-22 plays a protective role in tissue damage and contributes to pathology in certain settings. In this review, we focus on these two cytokines in the development of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). We summarize the recent studies and try to gain a better understanding on how they regulate immune responses to maintain equilibrium under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xing Wei
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bofeng Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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