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Barbosa S, Pedrosa MB, Ferreira R, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Santos LL. The impact of chemotherapy on adipose tissue remodeling: The molecular players involved in this tissue wasting. Biochimie 2024; 223:1-12. [PMID: 38537739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The depletion of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) during chemotherapy significantly correlates with diminished overall survival and progression-free survival. Despite its clinical significance, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing this AT loss and its chemotherapy-triggered initiation remain poorly understood. Notably, the evaluation of AT remodeling in most clinical trials has predominantly relied on computerized tomography scans or bioimpedance, with molecular studies often conducted using animal or in vitro models. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive narrative review was conducted. The findings underscore that chemotherapy serves as a key factor in inducing AT loss, exacerbating cachexia, a paraneoplastic syndrome that significantly compromises patient quality of life and survival. The mechanism driving AT loss appears intricately linked to alterations in AT metabolic remodeling, marked by heightened lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, coupled with diminished lipogenesis. However, adipocyte stem cells' lost ability to divide due to chemotherapy also appears to be at the root of the loss of AT. Notably, chemotherapy seems to deactivate the mitochondrial antioxidant system by reducing key regulatory enzymes responsible for neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby impeding lipogenesis. Despite FDG-PET evidence of AT browning, no molecular evidence of thermogenesis was reported. Prospective investigations unraveling the molecular mechanisms modulated in AT by chemotherapy, along with therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing AT loss, promise to refine treatment paradigms and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Barbosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mafalda Barbosa Pedrosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
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2
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Erdogan S, Serttas R, Dibirdik I, Turkekul K. Multifaceted impact of adipose conditioned media: Obesity-driven promotion of prostate cancer and cancer stem cell dynamics. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3979. [PMID: 38481004 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is an established risk factor for the development and progression of prostate cancer (PC). This study used adipose conditioned media (ACM) from differentiated adipocytes to assess its effect on PC development and aggressiveness. Due to limited research on ACM's impact on isolated PC stem cells (PCSCs), we also examined CD44+ PCSCs. ACM notably boosted interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8 production in normal prostate epithelial cells and LNCaP cells. It also increased IL-6 and IL-8 production in PC3 and CD44+ LNCaP cells, and IL-1β and IL-6 production in CD44+ PC3 cells. This indicates that ACM induces the production of inflammatory cytokines in both cancer and prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, ACM promoted proliferation in androgen receptor (AR)-negative PC3 cells, CD44+ PC3 PCSCs, and nonmalignant RWPE cells, without affecting AR-positive LNCaP cells. In addition, ACM-enhanced invasion and migration potential in both PC3 and CD44+ PC3 cells. Western blot analysis indicated the involvement of NF-κB and AKT pathways in ACM-induced proliferation in PC3 cells and NF-κB in PCSCs. In ACM-treated PC3 cells, E-cadherin was downregulated, while N-cadherin, Snail, vimentin, fibronectin, and Twist were upregulated, suggesting ACM-induced invasion via classical epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways. In response to ACM, PCSCs exhibited increased expression of E-cadherin, Snail, and vimentin, which are partial EMT markers promoting stemness and resistance to apoptosis. In addition, increased expressions of Nanog, Oct3/4, survivin, and Bcl-2 were observed. Although the molecules we studied have diverse effects on cellular regulation, our data emphasize obesity's multifaceted role in promoting and aggressing PC, notably affecting PCSC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Riza Serttas
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Ilker Dibirdik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Kader Turkekul
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Türkiye
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3
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Abstract
Obesity has been recognized to be increasing globally and is designated a disease with adverse consequences requiring early detection and appropriate care. In addition to being related to metabolic syndrome disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and premature coronary artery disease. Obesity is also etiologically linked to several cancers. The non-gastrointestinal cancers are breast, uterus, kidneys, ovaries, thyroid, meningioma, and thyroid. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and colorectal. The brighter side of the problem is that being overweight and obese and cigarette smoking are mostly preventable causes of cancers. Epidemiology and clinical studies have revealed that obesity is heterogeneous in clinical manifestations. In clinical practice, BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of the person's height in square meters (kg/m2). A BMI above 30 kg/m2 (defining obesity in many guidelines) is considered obesity. However, obesity is heterogeneous. There are subdivisions for obesity, and not all obesities are equally pathogenic. Adipose tissue, in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is endocrine and abdominal obesity (a surrogate for VAT) is evaluated by waist-hip measurements or just waist measures. Visceral Obesity, through several hormonal mechanisms, induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, insulin resistance, components of metabolic syndrome, and cancers. Metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) individuals in several Asian countries may have BMI below normal levels to diagnose obesity but suffer from many obesity-related complications. Conversely, some people have high BMI but are generally healthy with no features of metabolic syndrome. Many clinicians advise weight loss by dieting and exercise to metabolically healthy obese with large body habitus than to individuals with metabolic obesity but normal BMI. The GI cancers (esophagus, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, and colorectal) are individually discussed, emphasizing the incidence, possible pathogenesis, and preventive measures. From 2005 to 2014, most cancers associated with overweight and Obesity increased in the United States, while cancers related to other factors decreased. The standard recommendation is to offer or refer adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions. However, the clinicians have to go beyond. They should critically evaluate BMI with due consideration for ethnicity, body habitus, and other factors that influence the type of obesity and obesity-related risks. In 2001, the Surgeon General's ``Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity'' identified obesity as a critical public health priority for the United States. At government levels reducing obesity requires policy changes that improve the food and physical activity for all. However, implementing some policies with the most significant potential benefit to public health is politically tricky. The primary care physician, as well as subspecialists, should identify overweight and Obesity based on all the variable factors in the diagnosis. The medical community should address the prevention of overweight and Obesity as an essential part of medical care as much as vaccination in preventing infectious diseases at all levels- from childhood, to adolescence, and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zou
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Capecomorin S Pitchumoni
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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4
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Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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5
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Jameel M, Fatma H, Nadtochii LA, Siddique HR. Molecular Insight into Prostate Cancer: Preventive Role of Selective Bioactive Molecules. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1976. [PMID: 37895357 PMCID: PMC10608662 DOI: 10.3390/life13101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most prevalent male malignancies, accounting for a considerable number of annual mortalities. However, the prompt identification of early-stage CaP often faces delays due to diverse factors, including socioeconomic inequalities. The androgen receptor (AR), in conjunction with various other signaling pathways, exerts a central influence on the genesis, progression, and metastasis of CaP, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) serving as the primary therapeutic strategy. Therapeutic modalities encompassing surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal intervention, and radiotherapy have been formulated for addressing early and metastatic CaP. Nonetheless, the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment frequently triggers the activation of signaling pathways, culminating in the emergence of chemoresistance, an aspect to which cancer stem cells (CSCs) notably contribute. Phytochemicals emerge as reservoirs of bioactive agents conferring manifold advantages against human morbidity. Several of these phytochemicals demonstrate potential chemoprotective and chemosensitizing properties against CaP, with selectivity exhibited towards malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. In this context, the present review aims to elucidate the intricate molecular underpinnings associated with metastatic CaP development and the acquisition of chemoresistance. Moreover, the contributions of phytochemicals to ameliorating CaP initiation, progression, and chemoresistance are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Jameel
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
| | - Homa Fatma
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
| | - Liudmila A. Nadtochii
- Department of Microbiology, Saint Petersburg State Chemical & Pharmaceutical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hifzur R. Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
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6
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Bingham PM, Zachar Z. Toward a Unifying Hypothesis for Redesigned Lipid Catabolism as a Clinical Target in Advanced, Treatment-Resistant Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14365. [PMID: 37762668 PMCID: PMC10531647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We review extensive progress from the cancer metabolism community in understanding the specific properties of lipid metabolism as it is redesigned in advanced carcinomas. This redesigned lipid metabolism allows affected carcinomas to make enhanced catabolic use of lipids in ways that are regulated by oxygen availability and is implicated as a primary source of resistance to diverse treatment approaches. This oxygen control permits lipid catabolism to be an effective energy/reducing potential source under the relatively hypoxic conditions of the carcinoma microenvironment and to do so without intolerable redox side effects. The resulting robust access to energy and reduced potential apparently allow carcinoma cells to better survive and recover from therapeutic trauma. We surveyed the essential features of this advanced carcinoma-specific lipid catabolism in the context of treatment resistance and explored a provisional unifying hypothesis. This hypothesis is robustly supported by substantial preclinical and clinical evidence. This approach identifies plausible routes to the clinical targeting of many or most sources of carcinoma treatment resistance, including the application of existing FDA-approved agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Bingham
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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7
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Rezaei S, Nikpanjeh N, Rezaee A, Gholami S, Hashemipour R, Biavarz N, Yousefi F, Tashakori A, Salmani F, Rajabi R, Khorrami R, Nabavi N, Ren J, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Zandieh MA, Hushmandi K, Wang Y. PI3K/Akt signaling in urological cancers: Tumorigenesis function, therapeutic potential, and therapy response regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175909. [PMID: 37490949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In addition to environmental conditions, lifestyle factors, and chemical exposure, aberrant gene expression and mutations involve in the beginning and development of urological tumors. Even in Western nations, urological malignancies are among the top causes of patient death, and their prevalence appears to be gender dependent. The prognosis for individuals with urological malignancies remains dismal and unfavorable due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatment methods. PI3K/Akt is a popular biochemical mechanism that is activated in tumor cells as a result of PTEN loss. PI3K/Akt escalates growth and metastasis. Moreover, due to the increase in tumor cell viability caused by PI3K/Akt activation, cancer cells may acquire resistance to treatment. This review article examines the function of PI3K/Akt in major urological tumors including bladder, prostate, and renal tumors. In prostate, bladder, and kidney tumors, the level of PI3K and Akt are notably elevated. In addition, the activation of PI3K/Akt enhances the levels of Bcl-2 and XIAP, hence increasing the tumor cell survival rate. PI3K/Akt ] upregulates EMT pathways and matrix metalloproteinase expression to increase urological cancer metastasis. Furthermore, stimulation of PI3K/Akt results in drug- and radio-resistant cancers, but its suppression by anti-tumor drugs impedes the tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rezaei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Nikpanjeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Gholami
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Hashemipour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Biavarz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Tashakori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Salmani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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8
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Zhao Y, Shen M, Wu L, Yang H, Yao Y, Yang Q, Du J, Liu L, Li Y, Bai Y. Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment: accomplices of tumor progression? Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:587. [PMID: 37666813 PMCID: PMC10477351 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is made up of cells and extracellular matrix (non-cellular component), and cellular components include cancer cells and non-malignant cells such as immune cells and stromal cells. These three types of cells establish complex signals in the body and further influence tumor genesis, development, metastasis and participate in resistance to anti-tumor therapy. It has attracted scholars to study immune cells in TME due to the significant efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) in solid tumors and hematologic tumors. After more than 10 years of efforts, the role of immune cells in TME and the strategy of treating tumors based on immune cells have developed rapidly. Moreover, ICI have been recommended by guidelines as first- or second-line treatment strategies in a variety of tumors. At the same time, stromal cells is another major class of cellular components in TME, which also play a very important role in tumor metabolism, growth, metastasis, immune evasion and treatment resistance. Stromal cells can be recruited from neighboring non-cancerous host stromal cells and can also be formed by transdifferentiation from stromal cells to stromal cells or from tumor cells to stromal cells. Moreover, they participate in tumor genesis, development and drug resistance by secreting various factors and exosomes, participating in tumor angiogenesis and tumor metabolism, regulating the immune response in TME and extracellular matrix. However, with the deepening understanding of stromal cells, people found that stromal cells not only have the effect of promoting tumor but also can inhibit tumor in some cases. In this review, we will introduce the origin of stromal cells in TME as well as the role and specific mechanism of stromal cells in tumorigenesis and tumor development and strategies for treatment of tumors based on stromal cells. We will focus on tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), tumor-associated adipocytes (CAAs), tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and pericytes (PCs) in stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meili Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liangqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Engineering Plastics Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haiqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Engineering Plastics Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yixuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Special Engineering Plastics Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Engineering Plastics Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Engineering Plastics Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Yuansong Bai
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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9
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Blangero F, Robert M, Andraud T, Dumontet C, Vidal H, Eljaafari A. Contribution of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Obese Adipose Tissue to PD-L1 Over-Expression and Breast Cancer Progression through Pathogenic Th17 Cell Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112963. [PMID: 37296927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a well-known risk factor for cancer. We have previously reported the role of adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from obese individuals (ob-ASC) in the promotion of pathogenic Th17 cells and immune check point (ICP) upregulation. Thus, we postulated herein that this mechanism could contribute to breast cancer (BC) aggressiveness. METHODS Conditioning medium (CM) from mitogen-activated ob-ASC and immune cell co-cultures were added to two human breast cancer cell line (BCCL) cultures. Expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis markers, metalloproteinases, and PD-L1 (a major ICP) were measured at the mRNA and/or protein levels. BCCL migration was explored in wound healing assays. Anti-cytokine neutralizing antibodies (Ab) were added to co-cultures. RESULTS CM from ob-ASC/MNC co-cultures increased IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, VEGF-A, MMP-9, and PD-L1 expressions in both BCCLs and accelerated their migration. The use of Abs demonstrated differential effects for IL-17A and IFNγ on BCCL pro-inflammatory cytokine over-expression or PD-L1 upregulation, respectively, but potentiating effects on BCCL migration. Finally, co-cultures with ob-ASC, but not lean ASC, enhanced PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate increased inflammation and ICP markers and accelerated BCCL migration following the activation of pathogenic Th17 cells by ob-ASC, which could represent a new mechanism linking obesity with BC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Blangero
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69310 Pïerre Bénite, France
| | - Maud Robert
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69310 Pïerre Bénite, France
- Bariatric Surgery Department, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Andraud
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69310 Pïerre Bénite, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Center of Research in Cancerology of Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Berard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69310 Pïerre Bénite, France
| | - Assia Eljaafari
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69310 Pïerre Bénite, France
- Research Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
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10
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Wang Y, Zhang H, La Ferlita A, Sp N, Goryunova M, Sarchet P, Hu Z, Sorkin M, Kim A, Huang H, Zhu H, Tsung A, Pollock RE, Beane JD. Phosphorylation of IWS1 by AKT maintains liposarcoma tumor heterogeneity through preservation of cancer stem cell phenotypes and mesenchymal-epithelial plasticity. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 37237004 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced liposarcoma (LPS), but response rates are only 25% and the overall survival at 5 years is dismal at 20-34%. Translation of other therapies have not been successful and there has been no significant improvement in prognosis for nearly 20 years. The aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway has been implicated in the aggressive clinical behavior LPS and in resistance to chemotherapy, but the precise mechanism remains elusive and efforts to target AKT clinically have failed. Here we show that the AKT-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription elongation factor IWS1, promotes the maintenance of cancer stem cells in both cell and xenograft models of LPS. In addition, phosphorylation of IWS1 by AKT contributes to a "metastable" cell phenotype, characterized by mesenchymal/epithelial plasticity. The expression of phosphorylated IWS1 also promotes anchorage-dependent and independent growth, cell migration, invasion, and tumor metastasis. In patients with LPS, IWS1 expression is associated with reduced overall survival, increased frequency of recurrence, and shorter time to relapse after resection. These findings indicate that IWS1-mediated transcription elongation is an important regulator of human LPS pathobiology in an AKT-dependent manner and implicate IWS1 as an important molecular target to treat LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongji Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alessandro La Ferlita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nipin Sp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marina Goryunova
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Patricia Sarchet
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Sorkin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Raphael E Pollock
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joal D Beane
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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11
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Azari M, Bahreini F, Uversky VN, Rezaei N. Current therapeutic approaches and promising perspectives of using bioengineered peptides in fighting chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115459. [PMID: 36813121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a collation of malignancies that manifest in the mammary glands at the early stages. Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows the most aggressive behavior, with apparent stemness features. Owing to the lack of response to hormone therapy and specific targeted therapies, chemotherapy remains the first line of the TNBC treatment. However, the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents increase therapy failure, and promotes cancer recurrence and distant metastasis. Invasive primary tumors are the birthplace of cancer burden, though metastasis is a key attribute of TNBC-associated morbidity and mortality. Targeting the chemoresistant metastases-initiating cells via specific therapeutic agents with affinity to the upregulated molecular targets is a promising step in the TNBC clinical management. Exploring the capacity of peptides as biocompatible entities with the specificity of action, low immunogenicity, and robust efficacy provides a principle for designing peptide-based drugs capable of increasing the efficacy of current chemotherapy agents for selective targeting of the drug-tolerant TNBC cells. Here, we first focus on the resistance mechanisms that TNBC cells acquire to evade the effect of chemotherapeutic agents. Next, the novel therapeutic approaches employing tumor-targeting peptides to exploit the mechanisms of drug resistance in chemorefractory TNBC are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Azari
- School of Chemical Engineering-Biotechnology, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Bahreini
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies (RCID), Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Zhang M, Xu H. Peptide-assembled nanoparticles targeting tumor cells and tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. Front Chem 2023; 11:1115495. [PMID: 36762192 PMCID: PMC9902599 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1115495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells and corrupt stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment usually overexpress cancer-specific markers that are absent or barely detectable in normal cells, providing available targets for inhibiting the occurrence and development of cancers. It is noticeable that therapeutic peptides are emerging in cancer therapies and playing more and more important roles. Moreover, the peptides can be self-assembled and/or incorporated with polymeric molecules to form nanoparticles via non-covalent bond, which have presented appealing as well as enhanced capacities of recognizing targeted cells, responding to microenvironments, mediating internalization, and achieving therapeutic effects. In this review, we will introduce the peptide-based nanoparticles and their application advances in targeting tumor cells and stromal cells, including suppressive immune cells, fibrosis-related cells, and angiogenic vascular cells, for cancer therapy.
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13
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Pathogenic Role of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030348. [PMID: 36766689 PMCID: PMC9913687 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are adult stem cells, endowed with self-renewal, multipotent capacities, and immunomodulatory properties, as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from other origins. However, in a pathological context, ASCs like MSCs can exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and attract inflammatory immune cells at their neighborhood. Subsequently, this creates an inflammatory microenvironment leading to ASCs' or MSCs' dysfunctions. One such example is given by obesity where adipogenesis is impaired and insulin resistance is initiated. These opposite properties have led to the classification of MSCs into two categories defined as pro-inflammatory ASC1 or anti-inflammatory ASC2, in which plasticity depends on the micro-environmental stimuli. The aim of this review is to (i) highlight the pathogenic role of ASCs during obesity and obesity-related inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer; and (ii) describe some of the mechanisms leading to ASCs dysfunctions. Thus, the role of soluble factors, adhesion molecules; TLRs, Th17, and Th22 cells; γδ T cells; and immune checkpoint overexpression will be addressed.
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14
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Zhang J, Hu Z, Horta CA, Yang J. Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by tumor microenvironmental signals and its implication in cancer therapeutics. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:46-66. [PMID: 36521737 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in various aspects of tumor development, including tumor invasion and metastasis, cancer stemness, and therapy resistance. Diverse stroma cell types along with biochemical and biophysical factors in the tumor microenvironment impinge on the EMT program to impact tumor progression. Here we provide an in-depth review of various tumor microenvironmental signals that regulate EMT in cancer. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of EMT in therapy resistance and highlight new therapeutic approaches targeting the tumor microenvironment to impact EMT and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhimin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Calista A Horta
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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15
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Mughees M, Kaushal JB, Sharma G, Wajid S, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. Chemokines and cytokines: Axis and allies in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:497-512. [PMID: 35181473 PMCID: PMC9793433 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are recognized as the major contributor to various tumorigenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and failures of current cancer therapies. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is enriched with chemokines and cytokines and plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Chronic inflammation is also considered an instructive process of cancer progression, where chemokines are spatiotemporally secreted by malignant cells and leukocyte subtypes that initiate cell trafficking into the TME. In various cancers, prostate cancer (PCa) is reported as one of the leading cancers in the worldwide male population. The chemokines-mediated signaling pathways are intensively involved in PCa progression and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines and cytokines are responsible for the pleiotropic actions in cancer, including the growth, angiogenesis, endothelial mesenchymal transition, leukocyte infiltration, and hormone escape for advanced PCa and therapy resistance. Chemokine's system and immune cells represent a promising target to suppress tumorigenic environments and serve as potential therapy/immunotherapy for the PCa. In this review, an attempt has been made to shed light on the alteration of chemokine and cytokine profiles during PCa progression and metastasis. We also discussed the recent findings of the diverse molecular signaling of these circulating chemokines and their corresponding receptors that could become future targets for therapeutic management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA(1)
| | - Jyoti Bala Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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16
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CXCR4 and CXCR7 signaling promotes tumor progression and obesity-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 2022; 41:4633-4644. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Saha A, Hamilton-Reeves J, DiGiovanni J. White adipose tissue-derived factors and prostate cancer progression: mechanisms and targets for interventions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:649-671. [PMID: 35927363 PMCID: PMC9474694 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents an important risk factor for prostate cancer, driving more aggressive disease, chemoresistance, and increased mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT) overgrowth in obesity is central to the mechanisms that lead to these clinical observations. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs), the progenitors to mature adipocytes and other cell types in WAT, play a vital role in driving PCa aggressiveness. ASCs produce numerous factors, especially chemokines, including the chemokine CXCL12, which is involved in driving EMT and chemoresistance in PCa. A greater understanding of the impact of WAT in obesity-induced progression of PCa and the underlying mechanisms has begun to provide opportunities for developing interventional strategies for preventing or offsetting these critical events. These include weight loss regimens, therapeutic targeting of ASCs, use of calorie restriction mimetic compounds, and combinations of compounds as well as specific receptor targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Jill Hamilton-Reeves
- Departments of Urology and Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
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18
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Hillers-Ziemer LE, Kuziel G, Williams AE, Moore BN, Arendt LM. Breast cancer microenvironment and obesity: challenges for therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:627-647. [PMID: 35435599 PMCID: PMC9470689 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Women with obesity who develop breast cancer have a worsened prognosis with diminished survival rates and increased rates of metastasis. Obesity is also associated with decreased breast cancer response to endocrine and chemotherapeutic treatments. Studies utilizing multiple in vivo models of obesity as well as human breast tumors have enhanced our understanding of how obesity alters the breast tumor microenvironment. Changes in the complement and function of adipocytes, adipose-derived stromal cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells and remodeling of the extracellular matrix all contribute to the rapid growth of breast tumors in the context of obesity. Interactions of these cells enhance secretion of cytokines and adipokines as well as local levels of estrogen within the breast tumor microenvironment that promote resistance to multiple therapies. In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of the impact of obesity on the breast tumor microenvironment, how obesity-induced changes in cellular interactions promote resistance to breast cancer treatments, and areas for development of treatment interventions for breast cancer patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Hillers-Ziemer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Genevra Kuziel
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Abbey E Williams
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Brittney N Moore
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Lisa M Arendt
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Rm 4354A, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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19
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Ritter A, Kreis NN, Hoock SC, Solbach C, Louwen F, Yuan J. Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells, Obesity and the Tumor Microenvironment of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3908. [PMID: 36010901 PMCID: PMC9405791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and a common cause of cancer-related death in women. It is well recognized that obesity is associated with an enhanced risk of more aggressive breast cancer as well as reduced patient survival. Adipose tissue is the major microenvironment of breast cancer. Obesity changes the composition, structure, and function of adipose tissue, which is associated with inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Interestingly, adipose tissue is rich in ASCs/MSCs, and obesity alters the properties and functions of these cells. As a key component of the mammary stroma, ASCs play essential roles in the breast cancer microenvironment. The crosstalk between ASCs and breast cancer cells is multilateral and can occur both directly through cell-cell contact and indirectly via the secretome released by ASC/MSC, which is considered to be the main effector of their supportive, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory functions. In this narrative review, we aim to address the impact of obesity on ASCs/MSCs, summarize the current knowledge regarding the potential pathological roles of ASCs/MSCs in the development of breast cancer, discuss related molecular mechanisms, underline the possible clinical significance, and highlight related research perspectives. In particular, we underscore the roles of ASCs/MSCs in breast cancer cell progression, including proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell development, immune evasion, therapy resistance, and the potential impact of breast cancer cells on ASCS/MSCs by educating them to become cancer-associated fibroblasts. We conclude that ASCs/MSCs, especially obese ASCs/MSCs, may be key players in the breast cancer microenvironment. Targeting these cells may provide a new path of effective breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Juping Yuan
- Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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20
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Vella V, De Francesco EM, Bonavita E, Lappano R, Belfiore A. IFN-I signaling in cancer: the connection with dysregulated Insulin/IGF axis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:569-586. [PMID: 35691786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are prototypical inflammatory cytokines produced in response to stress. IFN-Is have a critical role in antitumor immunity by driving the activation of leukocytes and favoring the elimination of malignant cells. However, IFN-I signaling in cancer, specifically in the tumor microenvironment (TME), can have opposing roles. Sustained IFN-I stimulation can promote immune exhaustion or enable tumor cell-intrinsic malignant features. Herein, we discuss the potential impact of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor system (I/IGFs) and of metabolic disorders in aberrant IFN-I signaling in cancer. We consider the possibility that targeting I/IGFs, especially in patients with cancer affected by metabolic disorders, contributes to an effective strategy to inhibit deleterious IFN-I signaling, thereby restoring sensitivity to various cancer therapies, including immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Fondazione Humanitas per la Ricerca, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Oncoimmunology, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy.
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21
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O'Connell F, O'Sullivan J. Help or hindrance: The obesity paradox in cancer treatment response. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:269-280. [PMID: 34534616 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a rising epidemic, the influence of which on cancer development, progression as well as its impact on current standard of care cancer treatments is profound with many facets. Obesity is emerging as a modulating factor in many cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and combination therapies. It has been reported to diminish the efficacy of some treatments but has also been alluded to being protective in terms of reduced treatment toxicities, thus the evolution of the obesity paradox. The obese tumour microenvironment influences treatment response through modulation of a series of aspects, including altered adipocyte secretome, angiogenesis, hypoxia, fibrosis, free fatty acid uptake as well as a modulated immune landscape. However, the influence of these underlying mechanisms on cancer treatment response and the biological action of adipose tissue is still largely unknown. Elucidation of these facets may lead to the enhanced efficacy of current treatment options or the identification of novel methods to combat cancer in the obese tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona O'Connell
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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22
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Hoy AJ, Nagarajan SR, Butler LM. Tumour fatty acid metabolism in the context of therapy resistance and obesity. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:753-766. [PMID: 34417571 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism is known to support tumorigenesis and disease progression as well as treatment resistance through enhanced lipid synthesis, storage and catabolism. More recently, the role of membrane fatty acid composition, for example, ratios of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in promoting cell survival while limiting lipotoxicity and ferroptosis has been increasingly appreciated. Alongside these insights, it has become clear that tumour cells exhibit plasticity with respect to fatty acid metabolism, responding to extratumoural and systemic metabolic signals, such as obesity and cancer therapeutics, to promote the development of aggressive, treatment-resistant disease. Here, we describe cellular fatty acid metabolic changes that are connected to therapy resistance and contextualize obesity-associated changes in host fatty acid metabolism that likely influence the local tumour microenvironment to further modify cancer cell behaviour while simultaneously creating potential new vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoy
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Shilpa R Nagarajan
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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23
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Subramanian S, Daquinag AC, AghaAmiri S, Ghosh SC, Azhdarinia A, Kolonin MG. Characterization of Peptides Targeting Metastatic Tumor Cells as Probes for Cancer Detection and Vehicles for Therapy Delivery. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5756-5764. [PMID: 34607842 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and metastatic cancers remain largely incurable due to chemoresistance. Biomarkers of metastatic cells are lacking, and probes that could be used to detect and target metastases would be highly valuable. Here we hypothesize that metastatic cancer cells express cell-surface receptors that can be harnessed for identification of molecules homing to metastases. Screening a combinatorial library in a mouse mammary tumor model of spontaneous metastasis identified cyclic peptides with tropism for cancer cells disseminated to the lungs. Two lead peptides, CLRHSSKIC and CRAGVGRGC, bound murine and human cells derived from breast carcinoma and melanoma in culture and were selective for metastatic cells in vivo. In mice, peptide CRAGVGRGC radiolabeled with 67Ga for biodistribution analysis demonstrated selective probe homing to lung metastases. Moreover, systemic administration of 68Ga-labeled CRAGVGRGC enabled noninvasive imaging of lung metastases in mice by PET. A CRAGVGRGC-derived peptide induced apoptosis upon cell internalization in vitro and suppressed metastatic burden in vivo. Colocalization of CLRHSSKIC and CRAGVGRGC with N-cadherin+/E-cadherin- cells indicated that both peptides are selective for cancer cells that have undergone the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. We conclude that CRAGVGRGC is useful as a probe to facilitate the development of imaging modalities and therapies targeting metastases. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies new molecules that bind metastatic cells and demonstrates their application as noninvasive imaging probes and vehicles for cytotoxic therapy delivery in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Subramanian
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Alexes C Daquinag
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Solmaz AghaAmiri
- Center for Molecular Imaging The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sukhen C Ghosh
- Center for Molecular Imaging The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ali Azhdarinia
- Center for Molecular Imaging The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
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Gao Z, Lu A, Daquinag AC, Yu Y, Huard M, Tseng C, Gao X, Huard J, Kolonin MG. Partial Ablation of Non-Myogenic Progenitor Cells as a Therapeutic Approach to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101519. [PMID: 34680151 PMCID: PMC8534118 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by the loss of dystrophin, remains incurable. Reduction in muscle regeneration with DMD is associated with the accumulation of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) differentiating into myofibroblasts and leading to a buildup of the collagenous tissue aggravating DMD pathogenesis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expressing platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) are activated in muscle during DMD progression and give rise to FAPs promoting DMD progression. Here, we hypothesized that muscle dysfunction in DMD could be delayed via genetic or pharmacologic depletion of MSC-derived FAPs. In this paper, we test this hypothesis in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. To reduce fibro/adipose infiltration and potentiate muscle progenitor cells (MPCs), we used a model for inducible genetic ablation of proliferating MSCs via a suicide transgene, viral thymidine kinase (TK), expressed under the Pdgfrb promoter. We also tested if MSCs from fat tissue, the adipose stromal cells (ASCs), contribute to FAPs and could be targeted in DMD. Pharmacological ablation was performed with a hunter-killer peptide D-CAN targeting ASCs. MSC depletion with these approaches resulted in increased endurance, measured based on treadmill running, as well as grip strength, without significantly affecting fibrosis. Although more research is needed, our results suggest that depletion of pathogenic MSCs mitigates muscle damage and delays the loss of muscle function in mouse models of DMD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Humans
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy
- Myofibroblasts/cytology
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/genetics
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanguo Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.G.); (A.C.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Aiping Lu
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA; (A.L.); (M.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Alexes C. Daquinag
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.G.); (A.C.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yongmei Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.G.); (A.C.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Matthieu Huard
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA; (A.L.); (M.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Chieh Tseng
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xueqin Gao
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA; (A.L.); (M.H.); (X.G.)
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA; (A.L.); (M.H.); (X.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.G.K.); Tel.: +970-479-1595 (J.H.); +713-500-3146 (M.G.K.)
| | - Mikhail G. Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.G.); (A.C.D.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (M.G.K.); Tel.: +970-479-1595 (J.H.); +713-500-3146 (M.G.K.)
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25
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Adipose stem cell niche reprograms the colorectal cancer stem cell metastatic machinery. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5006. [PMID: 34408135 PMCID: PMC8373975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a strong risk factor for cancer progression, posing obesity-related cancer as one of the leading causes of death. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms that endow cancer cells with metastatic properties in patients affected by obesity remain unexplored. Here, we show that IL-6 and HGF, secreted by tumor neighboring visceral adipose stromal cells (V-ASCs), expand the metastatic colorectal (CR) cancer cell compartment (CD44v6 + ), which in turn secretes neurotrophins such as NGF and NT-3, and recruits adipose stem cells within tumor mass. Visceral adipose-derived factors promote vasculogenesis and the onset of metastatic dissemination by activation of STAT3, which inhibits miR-200a and enhances ZEB2 expression, effectively reprogramming CRC cells into a highly metastatic phenotype. Notably, obesity-associated tumor microenvironment provokes a transition in the transcriptomic expression profile of cells derived from the epithelial consensus molecular subtype (CMS2) CRC patients towards a mesenchymal subtype (CMS4). STAT3 pathway inhibition reduces ZEB2 expression and abrogates the metastatic growth sustained by adipose-released proteins. Together, our data suggest that targeting adipose factors in colorectal cancer patients with obesity may represent a therapeutic strategy for preventing metastatic disease. Obesity is a major risk factor for cancer related death. Here, the authors show that visceral adipose-derived factors promote vasculogenesis and metastatic dissemination by activation of STAT3, which inhibits miR-200a and enhances ZEB2 expression, effectively reprogramming colorectal cancer cells into a highly metastatic phenotype.
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26
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Wan J, Niu C, Wang B, Han Q, Chen Y, Feng S, Yang L. Human esophageal fibroblast-derived exosomal miR-21 reduced the cisplatin sensitivity to esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e11156. [PMID: 34378676 PMCID: PMC8365874 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of human esophageal fibroblast-derived exosomal miR-21 on cisplatin sensitivity against esophageal squamous EC9706 cells. EC9706 cells were co-cultured indirectly with human esophageal fibroblasts (HEF) or miR-21 mimics transfected-HEF in the transwell system. The exosomes in HEF-culture conditioned medium were extracted by differential ultracentrifugation. EC9706 cells were co-cultured with HEF-derived exosomes directly. The cisplatin sensitivity against EC9706 cells was revealed via half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values using MTT assay. The expressions of miR-21, programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) mRNA, and gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) mRNA were determined by qRT-PCR. The changes of the protein level were detected using western blot assay. IC50 values of cisplatin against EC9706 cells were increased after EC9706 cells were co-cultured with either HEF or exosomes derived from miR-21 mimics-transfected HEF. Following the increased level of miR-21, the mRNA expression and protein levels of PTEN and PDCD4 were decreased in EC9706 cells. The cisplatin sensitivity to EC9706 cells was reduced by HEF-derived exosomal miR-21 through targeting PTEN and PDCD4. This study suggested that non-tumor cells in the tumor micro-environment increased the tumor anti-chemotherapy effects through their exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Wan
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunling Niu
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baiyan Wang
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yulon Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Feng
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lianhe Yang
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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27
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Papanikolaou S, Vourda A, Syggelos S, Gyftopoulos K. Cell Plasticity and Prostate Cancer: The Role of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression, Invasion, Metastasis and Cancer Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112795. [PMID: 34199763 PMCID: PMC8199975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well-known cellular process involved during normal embryogenesis and wound healing, it also has a dark side; it is a complex process that provides tumor cells with a more aggressive phenotype, facilitating tumor metastasis and even resistance to therapy. This review focuses on the key pathways of EMT in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer and the development of metastases and evasion of currently available treatments. Abstract Prostate cancer, the second most common malignancy in men, is characterized by high heterogeneity that poses several therapeutic challenges. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic, reversible cellular process which is essential in normal embryonic morphogenesis and wound healing. However, the cellular changes that are induced by EMT suggest that it may also play a central role in tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to current therapeutic options. These changes include enhanced motility and loss of cell–cell adhesion that form a more aggressive cellular phenotype. Moreover, the reverse process (MET) is a necessary element of the metastatic tumor process. It is highly probable that this cell plasticity reflects a hybrid state between epithelial and mesenchymal status. In this review, we describe the underlying key mechanisms of the EMT-induced phenotype modulation that contribute to prostate tumor aggressiveness and cancer therapy resistance, in an effort to provide a framework of this complex cellular process.
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28
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Human Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells Promote Proliferation and Migration in Head and Neck Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112751. [PMID: 34206064 PMCID: PMC8199568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fat grafts obtained from a minimal invasive liposuction device contain multipotent stem cells termed adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs). ASCs can be used for their proposed wound healing relevant characteristics, including for tissue defects in cancer patients. For head and neck cancers, little is known about the effects of ASCs on tumor cells. Using supernatants of ASCs from five patients in different functional experiments, this study aimed to investigate how ASCs influence tumor growth, invasive properties, and neoangiogenesis. The data show that all mentioned characteristics are promoted by fat graft stem cells in vitro in head and neck cancer cell lines. Although clinical relevance of these in vitro findings is unclear, due to the lack of in vivo and clinical data, fat grafts should be used cautiously and complete removal of tumor should be ensured before augmentation in head and neck cancer patients is performed. Abstract Human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are increasingly used as auto-transplants in regenerative medicine to restore tissue defects or induce wound healing, especially in cancer patients. The impact of ASCs on squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) including head and neck and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC and ESCC) is not yet fully understood. ASCs were cultured from subcutaneous, abdominal lipoaspirates of five patients, who received auto-transplants to the head and neck. Supernatants were tested for paracrine effects in functional in vitro assays of proliferation of HNSCC tumor cell line FaDu and ESCC cell line Kyse30, and their cell migration/invasion capacities in Boyden chambers, in addition to endothelial tube formation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). All ASC-derived supernatants enhanced proliferation of FaDu cells, invasive migration, and tube formation by HUVECs, compared to controls. Of five patients’ lipoaspirates, ASC-derived supernatants of four patients increased proliferation and invasive migration in Kyse30 cells. The data suggests that ASCs can promote tumor cell proliferation, invasiveness, and neo-angiogenesis in these tumor cell lines of the UAT and HUVEC in a paracrine manner. Although clinical studies on the subject of oncological safety are still needed, these findings emphasize the importance of complete tumor removal before ASCs are used in the head and neck.
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29
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Álvarez-Artime A, García-Soler B, Sainz RM, Mayo JC. Emerging Roles for Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Prostate Cancer Malignant Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5560. [PMID: 34074045 PMCID: PMC8197327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-known role as an energy repository, adipose tissue is one of the largest endocrine organs in the organism due to its ability to synthesize and release different bioactive molecules. Two main types of adipose tissue have been described, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) with a classical energy storage function, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) with thermogenic activity. The prostate, an exocrine gland present in the reproductive system of most mammals, is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) that contributes to maintaining glandular homeostasis in conjunction with other cell types of the microenvironment. In pathological conditions such as the development and progression of prostate cancer, adipose tissue plays a key role through paracrine and endocrine signaling. In this context, the role of WAT has been thoroughly studied. However, the influence of BAT on prostate tumor development and progression is unclear and has received much less attention. This review tries to bring an update on the role of different factors released by WAT which may participate in the initiation, progression and metastasis, as well as to compile the available information on BAT to discuss and open a new field of knowledge about the possible protective role of BAT in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Álvarez-Artime
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Belén García-Soler
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosa María Sainz
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Mayo
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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30
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Liotti A, La Civita E, Cennamo M, Crocetto F, Ferro M, Guadagno E, Insabato L, Imbimbo C, Palmieri A, Mirone V, Liguoro P, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Terracciano D. Periprostatic adipose tissue promotes prostate cancer resistance to docetaxel by paracrine IGF-1 upregulation of TUBB2B beta-tubulin isoform. Prostate 2021; 81:407-417. [PMID: 33734457 PMCID: PMC8251776 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the pivotal role played by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) in prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment. We investigated whether PPAT can affect response to Docetaxel (DCTX) and the mechanisms associated. Conditioned medium was collected from the in vitro differentiated adipocytes isolated from PPAT which was isolated from PCa patients, during radical prostatectomy. Drug efficacy was studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide citotoxicity assay. Culture with CM of human PPAT (AdipoCM) promotes DCTX resistance in two different human prostate cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC3) and upregulated the expression of BCL-xL, BCL-2, and TUBB2B. AG1024, a well-known IGF-1 receptor inhibitor, counteracts the decreased response to DCTX observed in presence of AdipoCM and decreased TUBB2B expression, suggesting that a paracrine secretion of IGF-1 by PPAT affect DCTX response of PCa cell. Collectively, our study showed that factors secreted by PPAT elicits DCTX resistance through antiapoptotic proteins and TUBB2B upregulation in androgen independent PCa cell lines. These findings reveal the potential of novel therapeutic strategies targeting adipocyte-released factors and IGF-1 axis to overcome DCTX resistance in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Department of Urology, European Institute of OncologyIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Elia Guadagno
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Anatomic Pathology Unit, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Anatomic Pathology Unit, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | | | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Pasquale Liguoro
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
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31
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Huang H, Li P, Ye X, Zhang F, Lin Q, Wu K, Chen W. Isoalantolactone Increases the Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Cells to Cisplatin Treatment by Inducing Oxidative Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:632779. [PMID: 33959604 PMCID: PMC8093765 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.632779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men worldwide. Platinum (II)-based chemotherapy has been used to treat a number of malignancies including prostate cancer. However, the potential of cisplatin for treating prostate cancer is restricted owing to its limited efficacy and toxic side effects. Combination therapies have been proposed to increase the efficacy and reduce the toxic side effects. In the present study, we investigated how isoalantolactone (IATL), a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the medicinal plant Inula helenium L., acts synergistically with cisplatin on human prostate cancer cells. We show that IATL significantly increased cisplatin-induced growth suppression and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Mechanistically, the combined treatment resulted in an excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the JNK signaling pathway in human prostate cancer cells. Pretreatment of cells with the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly abrogated the combined treatment-induced ROS accumulation and cell apoptosis. In addition, the activation of ER stress and the JNK signaling pathway prompted by IATL and cisplatin was also reversed by NAC pretreatment. In vivo, we found that IATL combined with cisplatin showed the strongest antitumor effects compared with single agents. These results support the notion that IATL and cisplatin combinational treatment may be more effective for treating prostate cancer than cisplatin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueting Ye
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangyi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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32
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Kulkarni A, Bowers LW. The role of immune dysfunction in obesity-associated cancer risk, progression, and metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3423-3442. [PMID: 33464384 PMCID: PMC11073382 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of and a worse prognosis for several types of cancer. A number of interrelated mediators contribute to obesity's pro-tumor effects, including chronic adipose inflammation and other perturbations of immune cell development and function. Here, we review studies examining the impact of obesity-induced immune dysfunction on cancer risk and progression. While the role of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity-associated cancer risk has been well characterized, the effects of obesity on immune cell infiltration and activity within the tumor microenvironment are not well studied. In this review, we aim to highlight the impact of both adipose-mediated inflammatory signaling and intratumoral immunosuppressive signaling in obesity-induced cancer risk, progression, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Kulkarni
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Laura W Bowers
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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33
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Su F, Daquinag AC, Ahn S, Saha A, Dai Y, Zhao Z, DiGiovanni J, Kolonin MG. Progression of prostate carcinoma is promoted by adipose stromal cell-secreted CXCL12 signaling in prostate epithelium. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:26. [PMID: 33753872 PMCID: PMC7985375 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggressiveness of carcinomas is linked with tumor recruitment of adipose stromal cells (ASC), which is increased in obesity. ASC promote cancer through molecular pathways not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in prostate tumors is promoted by obesity and suppressed upon pharmacological ASC depletion in HiMyc mice, a spontaneous genetic model of prostate cancer. CXCL12 expression in tumors was associated with ASC recruitment and localized to stromal cells expressing platelet-derived growth factor receptors Pdgfra and Pdgfrb. The role of this chemokine secreted by stromal cells in cancer progression was further investigated by using tissue-specific knockout models. ASC deletion of CXCL12 gene in the Pdgfr + lineages suppressed tumor growth and EMT, indicating stroma as the key source of CXCL12. Clinical sample analysis revealed that CXCL12 expression by peritumoral adipose stroma is increased in obesity, and that the correlating increase in Pdgfr/CXCL12 expression in the tumor is linked with decreased survival of patients with prostate carcinoma. Our study establishes ASC as the source of CXCL12 driving tumor aggressiveness and outlines an approach to treatment of carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Su
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexes C Daquinag
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Songyeon Ahn
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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34
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Liu J, Che X, You J, Zhang G, Zhao R, Fu J, Li H. Intracellular Nampt impairs esophageal squamous cell carcinoma neo-adjuvant chemotherapy response independent of eNampt. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:1411-1421. [PMID: 33841666 PMCID: PMC8014354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nampt consists of iNampt and eNampt, might contribute to modulating obesity-related malignancies and impairing response to chemotherapy in a range of cancers. This study explored the role of Nampt and adiposity in the progression and response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients with ESCC were treated with 2 cycles of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, then evaluated for surgery. Tumor regression grading (TRG) and prognosis of these patients were collected. Anthropometry was well utilized. Serum eNampt was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, iNampt expression in tissues were assessed by PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. eNampt in sera elevated significantly in these over-weight or obese patients, and was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and total fat area (TFA) (P<0.05). iNampt expression in the mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated in ESCC compared to their adjacent non-tumor specimens (P<0.05). iNampt protein staining revealed mainly in the cytoplasm and nuclei, while it was not related to serum eNampt, BMI, waist circumference, VFA, SFA and TFA (P>0.05). Pre-treatment iNampt, BMI, SFA, TFA and age significantly correlated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy response, and iNampt expression and age were independent predictors (P<0.05). Pre-treatment iNampt, ypT, ypN, ypTNM stage and TRG were associated with the survival of ESCCs, and ypN stage and TRG were independent prognostic factors (P<0.05). In conclusion, iNampt impaired ESCC response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy independent of eNampt, targeting iNampt to increase ESCC response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy would improve the prognosis of ESCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangming Che
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiangtao You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junke Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
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35
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Perego S, Sansoni V, Ziemann E, Lombardi G. Another Weapon against Cancer and Metastasis: Physical-Activity-Dependent Effects on Adiposity and Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042005. [PMID: 33670492 PMCID: PMC7922129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physically active behavior has been associated with a reduced risk of developing certain types of cancer and improved psychological conditions for patients by reducing anxiety and depression, in turn improving the quality of life of cancer patients. On the other hand, the correlations between inactivity, sedentary behavior, and overweight and obesity with the risk of development and progression of various cancers are well studied, mainly in middle-aged and elderly subjects. In this article, we have revised the evidence on the effects of physical activity on the expression and release of the adipose-tissue-derived mediators of low-grade chronic inflammation, i.e., adipokines, as well as the adipokine-mediated impacts of physical activity on tumor development, growth, and metastasis. Importantly, exercise training may be effective in mitigating the side effects related to anti-cancer treatment, thereby underlining the importance of encouraging cancer patients to engage in moderate-intensity activities. However, the strong need to customize and adapt exercises to a patient’s abilities is apparent. Besides the preventive effects of physically active behavior against the adipokine-stimulated cancer risk, it remains poorly understood how physical activity, through its actions as an adipokine, can actually influence the onset and development of metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0266214068
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; or
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; or
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36
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Scully T, Ettela A, LeRoith D, Gallagher EJ. Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Risk. Front Oncol 2021; 10:615375. [PMID: 33604295 PMCID: PMC7884814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.615375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both been associated with increased cancer risk and are becoming increasingly prevalent. Metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes and have been implicated in the obesity-cancer relationship. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to link obesity and diabetes with cancer progression, including an increase in insulin/IGF-1 signaling, lipid and glucose uptake and metabolism, alterations in the profile of cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines, as well as changes in the adipose tissue directly adjacent to the cancer sites. This review aims to summarize and provide an update on the epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking obesity and type 2 diabetes with cancer, focusing on the roles of insulin, lipids, and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Scully
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Abora Ettela
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Emily Jane Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
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Iwase T, Wang X, Shrimanker TV, Kolonin MG, Ueno NT. Body composition and breast cancer risk and treatment: mechanisms and impact. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:273-283. [PMID: 33475878 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to clarify the association of body composition with breast cancer risk and treatment, including physiological mechanisms, and to elucidate strategies for overcoming unfavorable body composition changes that relate to breast cancer progression. METHODS We have summarized updated knowledge regarding the mechanism of the negative association of altered body composition with breast cancer risk and treatment. We also review strategies for reversing unfavorable body composition based on the latest clinical trial results. RESULTS Body composition changes in patients with breast cancer typically occur during menopause or as a result of chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. Dysfunction of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the setting of obesity underlies insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, which can lead to breast cancer development and progression. Insulin resistance and chronic inflammation are also observed in patients with breast cancer who have sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity. Nutritional support and a personalized exercise program are the fundamental interventions for reversing unfavorable body composition. Other interventions that have been explored in specific situations include metformin, testosterone, emerging agents that directly target the adipocyte microenvironment, and bariatric surgery. CONCLUSIONS A better understanding of the biology of body composition phenotypes is key to determining the best intervention program for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Iwase
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tushaar Vishal Shrimanker
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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38
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Adaptation of metabolism to multicellular aggregation, hypoxia and obese stromal cell incorporation as potential measure of survival of ovarian metastases. Exp Cell Res 2020; 399:112397. [PMID: 33338477 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian metastases exfoliate from the primary tumor and it is thought that aggregation supports their survival in the peritoneal cavity during dissemination but the underlying mechanisms are not clearly identified. We have previously shown that ovarian cancer cells acquire an increasingly glycolytic and metabolic flexible phenotype during progression. In the present study, we investigated how hypoxia, aggregation, and the incorporation of the obese stromal vascular fraction (SVF) affect cellular metabolism and the response to common anti-cancer and anti-diabetic drugs. Our results show a reduction of glucose uptake, lactate secretion, cellular respiration and ATP synthesis in response to hypoxia and aggregation, suggesting that the observed reduced proliferation of cells aggregated into spheroids is the result of a down-regulation of respiration. Recruitment of SVF to spheroids increased the spheroids invasive capacity but reduced respiration only in the most aggressive cells. Further, aggregation and hypoxia reduced the response to the metabolic drugs AICAR and metformin, and the chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin and paclitaxel. Our results suggest that the adaptation of cellular metabolism may contribute to enhanced survival under non-permissive conditions, and that these metabolic alterations may provide targets for future interventions that aim to enhance the survival of women with metastatic ovarian cancer.
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39
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Dankel SN, Grytten E, Bjune JI, Nielsen HJ, Dietrich A, Blüher M, Sagen JV, Mellgren G. COL6A3 expression in adipose tissue cells is associated with levels of the homeobox transcription factor PRRX1. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20164. [PMID: 33214660 PMCID: PMC7678848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrillar collagen COL6α3 in adipose tissue has been associated with obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance and cancer. We here aimed to identify novel transcriptional regulators of COL6A3 expression. Based on a transcriptome dataset of adipose tissue, we identified strong correlations for 56 genes with COL6A3 mRNA, including targets of TGF-β/SMAD signaling. Among the identified candidates, the homeobox transcription factor PRRX1 showed a particularly striking co-expression with COL6A3, validated across several different cohorts, including patients with extreme obesity, insulin sensitive and resistant obesity (subcutaneous and omental), after profound fat loss (subcutaneous), and lean controls (subcutaneous). In human and mouse adipose cells, PRRX1 knockdown reduced COL6A3 mRNA and PRRX1 overexpression transactivated a reporter construct with the endogenous human COL6A3 promoter. Stable PRRX1 overexpression in 3T3-L1 cells induced Col6a3 mRNA threefold specifically after adipogenic induction, whereas TGF-β1 treatment upregulated Col6a3 mRNA also in the preadipocyte state. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory stimulus (i.e., TNF-α treatment) decreased PRRX1-mediated Col6a3 transactivation and mRNA expression, supporting a role for this mechanism in the regulation of adipose tissue inflammation. In conclusion, we identified the homeobox factor PRRX1 as a novel transcriptional regulator associated with COL6A3 expression, providing new insight into the regulatory mechanisms of altered adipose tissue function in obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon N Dankel
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Elise Grytten
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan-Inge Bjune
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Arne Dietrich
- Department of Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jørn V Sagen
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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40
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Simo Tagne R, Vecchio L, Lukong KE, Krampera M. Tumor Microenvironment Uses a Reversible Reprogramming of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Mediate Pro-tumorigenic Effects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:545126. [PMID: 33330442 PMCID: PMC7710932 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.545126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment is well described. Available data support that MSCs display anticancer activities, and that their reprogramming by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment induces their switch toward pro-tumorigenic activities. Here we discuss the recent evidence of pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells, in particular (i) MSC support to cancer cells through the metabolic reprogramming necessary to maintain their malignant behavior and stemness, and (ii) MSC role in cancer cell immunosenescence and in the establishment and maintenance of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the mechanisms of tumor microenvironment mediated reprogramming of MSCs, including the effects of hypoxia, tumor stiffness, cancer-promoting cells, and tumor extracellular matrix. Finally, we summarize the emerging strategies for reprogramming tumor MSCs to reactivate anticancer functions of these stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel H. Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Paul F. Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Richard Simo Tagne
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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41
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Simo RT, Vecchio L, Lukong KE, Krampera M. Emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer: reprogramming stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:828-841. [PMID: 33299638 PMCID: PMC7721102 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
After more than a decade of controversy on the role of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, the emerging data shed light on pro-tumorigenic and potential anti-cancer factors, as well as on the roots of the discrepancies. We discuss the pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells, considering the effects of tumor drivers like hypoxia and tumor stiffness on these cells, as well as stromal cell-mediated adiposity and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, and cancer initiating cells' cellular senescence and adaptive metabolism. We summarize the emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer, discuss the possibility to reprogram stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects, and explore some causes of discrepancies on the roles of stromal cells in cancer in the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Science, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon,Correspondence to: Armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje, E-mail:
| | - Paul Faustin Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Ngaoundéré, Garoua 454, Cameroon,Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua 454, Cameroon
| | - Richard Tagne Simo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Science, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua 454, Cameroon
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy
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Trivanović D, Vignjević Petrinović S, Okić Djordjević I, Kukolj T, Bugarski D, Jauković A. Adipogenesis in Different Body Depots and Tumor Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:571648. [PMID: 33072753 PMCID: PMC7536553 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.571648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) forms depots at different anatomical locations throughout the body, being in subcutaneous and visceral regions, as well as the bone marrow. These ATs differ in the adipocyte functional profile, their insulin sensitivity, adipokines’ production, lipolysis, and response to pathologic conditions. Despite the recent advances in lineage tracing, which have demonstrated that individual adipose depots are composed of adipocytes derived from distinct progenitor populations, the cellular and molecular dissection of the adipose clonogenic stem cell niche is still a great challenge. Additional complexity in AT regulation is associated with tumor-induced changes that affect adipocyte phenotype. As an integrative unit of cell differentiation, AT microenvironment regulates various phenotype outcomes of differentiating adipogenic lineages, which consequently may contribute to the neoplastic phenotype manifestations. Particularly interesting is the capacity of AT to impose and support the aberrant potency of stem cells that accompanies tumor development. In this review, we summarize the current findings on the communication between adipocytes and their progenitors with tumor cells, pointing out to the co-existence of healthy and neoplastic stem cell niches developed during tumor evolution. We also discuss tumor-induced adaptations in mature adipocytes and the involvement of alternative differentiation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drenka Trivanović
- IZKF Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Clinics, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Bernhard-Heine Center for Locomotion Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Vignjević Petrinović
- Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Hu C, Chen X, Yao C, Liu Y, Xu H, Zhou G, Xia H, Xia J. Body mass index-associated molecular characteristics involved in tumor immune and metabolic pathways. Cancer Metab 2020; 8:21. [PMID: 32999719 PMCID: PMC7517824 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-00225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight or obesity has been evidenced as an important risk factor involved in the incidence, mortality, and therapy response of multiple malignancies. However, the differences between healthy and obesity tumor patients at the molecular and multi-omics levels remain unclear. Methods Our study performed a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis in fourteen tumor types of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found body mass index (BMI)-related genes in multiple tumor types. Furthermore, we compared composite expression between normal, overweight, and obese patients of each immune cell subpopulation and metabolism gene subset. Statistical significance was calculated via the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test. Results Our analysis revealed that BMI-related genes are enriched in multiple tumor-related biological pathways involved in intracellular signaling, immune response, and metabolism. We also found the different relationships between BMI and different immune cell infiltration and metabolic pathway activity. Importantly, we found that many clinically actionable genes were BMI-affect genes. Conclusion Overall, our data indicated that BMI-associated molecular characteristics involved in tumor immune and metabolic pathways, which may highlight the clinical importance of considering BMI-associated molecular signatures in cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- Department of Pathology in the School of Basic Medical Sciences & The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine & Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chengyun Yao
- Department of Pathology in the School of Basic Medical Sciences & The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine & Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haojun Xu
- Department of Pathology in the School of Basic Medical Sciences & The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine & Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guoren Zhou
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- Department of Pathology in the School of Basic Medical Sciences & The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine & Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jinglin Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Effect of Breast Cancer and Adjuvant Therapy on Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells: Implications for the Role of ADSCs in Regenerative Strategies for Breast Reconstruction. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:523-538. [PMID: 32929604 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering using Adipose Derived Stromal Cells (ADSCs) has emerged as a novel regenerative medicine approach to replace and reconstruct soft tissue damaged or lost as a result of disease process or therapeutic surgical resection. ADSCs are an attractive cell source for soft tissue regeneration due to the fact that they are easily accessible, multipotent, non-immunogenic and pro-angiogenic. ADSC based regenerative strategies have been successfully translated to the clinical setting for the treatment of Crohn's fistulae, musculoskeletal pathologies, wound healing, and cosmetic breast augmentation (fat grafting). ADSCs are particularly attractive as a source for adipose tissue engineering as they exhibit preferential differentiation to adipocytes and support maintenance of mature adipose graft volume. The potential for reconstruction with an autologous tissue sources and a natural appearance and texture is particularly appealing in the setting of breast cancer; up to 40% of patients require mastectomy for locoregional control and current approaches to post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) are limited by the potential for complications at the donor and reconstruction sites. Despite their potential, the use of ADSCs in breast cancer patients is controversial due to concerns regarding oncological safety. These concerns relate to the regeneration of tissue at a site where a malignancy has been treated and the impact this may have on stimulating local disease recurrence or dissemination. Pre-clinical data suggest that ADSCs exhibit pro-oncogenic characteristics and are involved in stimulating progression, and growth of tumour cells. However, there have been conflicting reports on the oncologic outcome, in terms of locoregional recurrence, for breast cancer patients in whom ADSC enhanced fat grafting was utilised as an alternative to reconstruction for small volume defects. A further consideration which may impact the successful translation of ADSC based regenerative strategies for post cancer reconstruction is the potential effects of cancer therapy. This review aims to address the effect of malignant cells, adjuvant therapies and patient-specific factors that may influence the success of regenerative strategies using ADSCs for post cancer tissue regeneration.
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Su F, Wang X, Pearson T, Lee J, Krishnamurthy S, Ueno NT, Kolonin MG. Ablation of Stromal Cells with a Targeted Proapoptotic Peptide Suppresses Cancer Chemotherapy Resistance and Metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:579-586. [PMID: 32995482 PMCID: PMC7501461 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) recruited by tumors contribute to the population of cancer-associated fibroblasts. ASCs have been reported to induce tumor growth and chemotherapy resistance. The effect of ASCs on metastasis has not been explored. Here, we investigated the role of ASCs in cancer aggressiveness and tested them as a therapy target. We show that ASCs promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness of triple-negative breast cancer cells. In human cell lines derived from various types of breast tumors, ASCs suppressed cytotoxicity of cisplatin and paclitaxel. D-CAN, a proapoptotic peptide targeting ASC, suppressed spontaneous breast cancer lung metastases in a mouse allograft model when combined with cisplatin. Moreover, in a human breast cancer xenograft model, treatment with D-CAN alone was sufficient to suppress lung metastases. This study improves our understanding of how tumor stromal cells recruited from fat tissue stimulate carcinoma progression to chemotherapy resistance/metastasis and outlines a new approach to combination cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Su
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Troy Pearson
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jangsoon Lee
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Sennoune SR, Nelius T, Jarvis C, Pruitt K, Kottapalli KR, Filleur S. The Wnt non-canonical signaling modulates cabazitaxel sensitivity in prostate cancer cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234078. [PMID: 32484838 PMCID: PMC7266300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite new drugs, metastatic prostate cancer remains fatal. Growing interest in the latest approved cabazitaxel taxane drug has markedly increased due to the survival benefits conferred when used at an earlier stage of the disease, its promising new therapeutic combination and formulation, and its differential toxicity. Still cabazitaxel’s mechanisms of resistance are poorly characterized. The goal of this study was thus to generate a new model of acquired resistance against cabazitaxel in order to unravel cabazitaxel’s resistance mechanisms. Methods Du145 cells were cultured with increasing concentrations of cabazitaxel, docetaxel/ taxane control or placebo/age-matched control. Once resistance was reached, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Translation (EMT) was tested by cell morphology, cell migration, and E/M markers expression profile. Cell transcriptomics were determined by RNA sequencing; related pathways were identified using IPA, PANTHER or KEGG software. The Wnt pathway was analyzed by western blotting, pharmacological and knock-down studies. Results While age-matched Du145 cells were sensitive to both taxane drugs, docetaxel-resistant cells were only resistant to docetaxel and cabazitaxel-resistant cells showed a partial cross-resistance to both drugs concomitant to EMT. Using RNA-sequencing, the Wnt non-canonical pathway was identified as exclusively activated in cabazitaxel resistant cells while the Wnt canonical pathway was restricted to docetaxel-resistant cells. Cabazitaxel-resistant cells showed a minimal crossover in the Wnt-pathway-related genes linked to docetaxel resistance validating our unique model of acquired resistance to cabazitaxel. Pharmacological and western blot studies confirmed these findings and suggest the implication of the Tyrosine kinase Ror2 receptor in cabazitaxel resistant cells. Variation in Ror2 expression level altered the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to both drugs identifying a possible new target for taxane resistance. Conclusion Our study represents the first demonstration that while Wnt pathway seems to play an important role in taxanes resistance, Wnt effectors responsible for taxane specificity remain un-identified prompting the need for more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad R. Sennoune
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas Nelius
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Courtney Jarvis
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Stéphanie Filleur
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Eckel-Mahan K, Ribas Latre A, Kolonin MG. Adipose Stromal Cell Expansion and Exhaustion: Mechanisms and Consequences. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040863. [PMID: 32252348 PMCID: PMC7226766 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is comprised of a diverse number of cell types, including adipocytes, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and infiltrating leukocytes. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are a mixed population containing adipose progenitor cells (APCs) as well as fibro-inflammatory precursors and cells supporting the vasculature. There is growing evidence that the ability of ASCs to renew and undergo adipogenesis into new, healthy adipocytes is a hallmark of healthy fat, preventing disease-inducing adipocyte hypertrophy and the spillover of lipids into other organs, such as the liver and muscles. However, there is building evidence indicating that the ability for ASCs to self-renew is not infinite. With rates of ASC proliferation and adipogenesis tightly controlled by diet and the circadian clock, the capacity to maintain healthy AT via the generation of new, healthy adipocytes appears to be tightly regulated. Here, we review the contributions of ASCs to the maintenance of distinct adipocyte pools as well as pathogenic fibroblasts in cancer and fibrosis. We also discuss aging and diet-induced obesity as factors that might lead to ASC senescence, and the consequences for metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Aleix Ribas Latre
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research Center, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Mikhail G. Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Lombard AP, Gao AC. Resistance Mechanisms to Taxanes and PARP Inhibitors in Advanced Prostate Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10:16-22. [PMID: 32258820 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The clinical landscape concerning advanced prostate cancer is rapidly changing and reaching beyond androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor targeted therapies. Taxane chemotherapy is a critical tool in the management of advanced prostate cancer. Additionally, novel drug classes such as PARP inhibitors are being investigated. Despite tremendous progress, resistance to therapy remains as a major impediment to further improvement. Resistance mechanisms appear diverse and are not fully known or understood. This review will highlight recent advances in research regarding mechanisms of resistance to both taxanes (such as increased drug efflux capacity) and PARP inhibitors (such as reversion mutations which restore DNA-repair proficiency). Understanding resistance to therapy promises to remove barriers blocking progress toward improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Lombard
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allen C Gao
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System Sacramento, CA, USA
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Estève D, Roumiguié M, Manceau C, Milhas D, Muller C. Periprostatic adipose tissue: A heavy player in prostate cancer progression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The Adipose Stem Cell as a Novel Metabolic Actor in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Progression: Evidence from an In Vitro Tumor Microenvironment Crosstalk Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121931. [PMID: 31817072 PMCID: PMC6966501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic interplay between the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells is a potential target for novel anti-cancer approaches. Among stromal components, adipocytes and adipose precursors have been shown to actively participate in tumor progression in several solid malignancies. In adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare endocrine neoplasia with a poor prognosis, cancer cells often infiltrate the fat mass surrounding the adrenal organ, enabling possible crosstalk with the adipose cells. Here, by using an in vitro co-culture system, we show that the interaction between adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the adrenocortical cancer cell line H295R leads to metabolic and functional reprogramming of both cell types: cancer cells limit differentiation and increase proliferation of ASCs, which in turn support tumor growth and invasion. This effect associates with a shift from the paracrine cancer-promoting IGF2 axis towards an ASC-associated leptin axis, along with a shift in the SDF-1 axis towards CXCR7 expression in H295R cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that adipose precursors, as pivotal components of the ACC microenvironment, promote cancer cell reprogramming and invasion, opening new perspectives for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches.
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