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Zhang W, Wang M, Ji C, Liu X, Gu B, Dong T. Macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment: Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116930. [PMID: 38878638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a combination of tumor cells and indigenous host stroma, which consists of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, pericytes, and non-cellular elements. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the major tumor-infiltrating immune cell type and are generally polarized into two functionally contradictory subtypes, namely classical activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages are activated at a given time and space. The interplay between the TME and macrophage polarization can influence tumor initiation and progression, making TAM a potential target for cancer therapy. Here, we review the latest investigations on factors orchestrating macrophage polarization in the TME, how macrophage polarization affects tumor progression, and the perspectives in modulating macrophage polarization for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chonghao Ji
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bowen Gu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
| | - Ting Dong
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Li J, Bai M, Jia W, Zhai X, Wang M, Yu J, Zhu H. Irradiated tumor cell-released microparticles enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors by promoting M1-TAMs polarization in NSCLC brain metastases. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217133. [PMID: 39079563 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common sites of metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, BMs are not responsive to immunotherapy because of the blood-brain barrier. This is because intracranial immune cells such as M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) accumulate, creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, we focused on irradiated tumor cell-released microparticles (RT-MPs) that can cross the blood-brain barrier and influence the intracranial immune microenvironment. Using animal models of BMs, we observed that RT-MPs could penetrate the blood-brain barrier and be swallowed by TAMs. Then the microenvironment of TAMs is shifted from the M2 phenotype to the M1 phenotype, thereby modulating the interactions between TAMs and tumor cells. Single-cell sequencing analysis demonstrated that TAMs, after internalizing RT-MPs, active chemokine signaling pathways and secrete more chemokines, such as CCL5, CXCL2, CXCL1, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL22, attracting more CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, improving immune-mediated killing, and enhancing subsequent combination anti-PD-1 therapy. These findings provide a preclinical foundation for exploring alternative treatments for patients with immunoresistant NSCLC BMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menglin Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxiao Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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3
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Chen J, Duan Y, Che J, Zhu J. Dysfunction of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 39051512 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise diverse cell populations that play critical roles in antigen presentation and triggering immune responses in the body. However, several factors impair the immune function of DCs and may promote immune evasion in cancer. Understanding the mechanism of DC dysfunction and the diverse functions of heterogeneous DCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for designing effective strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical applications targeting DCs summarized in this report aim to improve immune infiltration and enhance the biological function of DCs to modulate the TME to prevent cancer cells from evading the immune system. Herein, factors in the TME that induce DC dysfunction, such as cytokines, hypoxic environment, tumor exosomes and metabolites, and co-inhibitory molecules, have been described. Furthermore, several key signaling pathways involved in DC dysfunction and signal-relevant drugs evaluated in clinical trials were identified. Finally, this review provides an overview of current clinical immunotherapies targeting DCs, especially therapies with proven clinical outcomes, and explores future developments in DC immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junye Che
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Peppicelli S, Calorini L, Bianchini F, Papucci L, Magnelli L, Andreucci E. Acidity and hypoxia of tumor microenvironment, a positive interplay in extracellular vesicle release by tumor cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00969-z. [PMID: 39023664 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex and continuously evolving features of the tumor microenvironment, varying between tumor histotypes, are characterized by the presence of host cells and tumor cells embedded in a milieu shaped by hypoxia and low pH, resulting from the frequent imbalance between vascularity and tumor cell proliferation. These microenvironmental metabolic stressors play a crucial role in remodeling host cells and tumor cells, contributing to the stimulation of cancer cell heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and multidrug resistance, ultimately leading to progression and metastasis. The extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-enclosed structures released into the extracellular milieu by tumor/host cells, are now recognized as critical drivers in the complex intercellular communication between tumor cells and the local cellular components in a hypoxic/acidic microenvironment. Understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the interactions between tumor and host cells within a hypoxic and acidic microenvironment, triggered by the release of EVs, could pave the way for innovative strategies to disrupt the complex interplay of cancer cells with their microenvironment. This approach may contribute to the development of an efficient and safe therapeutic strategy to combat cancer progression. Therefore, we review the major findings on the release of EVs in a hypoxic/acidic tumor microenvironment to appreciate their role in tumor progression toward metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy.
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
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5
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Dantzer C, Vaché J, Brunel A, Mahouche I, Raymond AA, Dupuy JW, Petrel M, Bioulac-Sage P, Perrais D, Dugot-Senant N, Verdier M, Bessette B, Billottet C, Moreau V. Emerging role of oncogenic ß-catenin in exosome biogenesis as a driver of immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma. eLife 2024; 13:RP95191. [PMID: 39008536 PMCID: PMC11249736 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have produced encouraging results in cancer patients. However, the majority of ß-catenin-mutated tumors have been described as lacking immune infiltrates and resistant to immunotherapy. The mechanisms by which oncogenic ß-catenin affects immune surveillance remain unclear. Herein, we highlighted the involvement of ß-catenin in the regulation of the exosomal pathway and, by extension, in immune/cancer cell communication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We showed that mutated ß-catenin represses expression of SDC4 and RAB27A, two main actors in exosome biogenesis, in both liver cancer cell lines and HCC patient samples. Using nanoparticle tracking analysis and live-cell imaging, we further demonstrated that activated ß-catenin represses exosome release. Then, we demonstrated in 3D spheroid models that activation of β-catenin promotes a decrease in immune cell infiltration through a defect in exosome secretion. Taken together, our results provide the first evidence that oncogenic ß-catenin plays a key role in exosome biogenesis. Our study gives new insight into the impact of ß-catenin mutations on tumor microenvironment remodeling, which could lead to the development of new strategies to enhance immunotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justine Vaché
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, U1312, BRICBordeauxFrance
| | - Aude Brunel
- Université de Limoges, INSERM, U1308, CAPTuRLimogesFrance
| | | | - Anne-Aurélie Raymond
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, U1312, BRICBordeauxFrance
- Plateforme OncoProt, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, TBM-Core, US5, UAR3457BordeauxFrance
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Plateforme OncoProt, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, TBM-Core, US5, UAR3457BordeauxFrance
- Plateforme Protéome, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux ProteomeBordeauxFrance
| | - Melina Petrel
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, BICBordeauxFrance
| | | | - David Perrais
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Nathalie Dugot-Senant
- Plateforme d'histologie, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, TBM-Core, US5, UAR3457BordeauxFrance
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Almeida PP, Moraes JA, Barja-Fidalgo TC, Renovato-Martins M. Extracellular vesicles as modulators of monocyte and macrophage function in tumors. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20231212. [PMID: 38922279 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) harbors several cell types, such as tumor cells, immune cells, and non-immune cells. These cells communicate through several mechanisms, such as cell-cell contact, cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Tumor-derived vesicles are known to have the ability to modulate the immune response. Monocytes are a subset of circulating innate immune cells and play a crucial role in immune surveillance, being recruited to tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. In the context of tumors, it has been observed that tumor cells can attract monocytes to the TME and induce their differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages with a pro-tumor phenotype. Tumor-derived EVs have emerged as essential structures mediating this process. Through the transfer of specific molecules and signaling factors, tumor-derived EVs can shape the phenotype and function of monocytes, inducing the expression of cytokines and molecules by these cells, thus modulating the TME towards an immunosuppressive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palloma P Almeida
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo, Rua Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, s/n, 24020-140 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Biologia Redox, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Prédio do ICB - Anexo B1F3, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes - IBRAG, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Av. 28 de setembro, 87, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Alfredo Moraes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Biologia Redox, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Prédio do ICB - Anexo B1F3, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thereza Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes - IBRAG, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Av. 28 de setembro, 87, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Renovato-Martins
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo, Rua Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, s/n, 24020-140 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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7
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Zhang TQ, Lv QY, Jin WL. The cellular-centered view of hypoxia tumor microenvironment: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189137. [PMID: 38880161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a profoundly dynamic, heterogeneous and aggressive systemic ailment, with a coordinated evolution of various types of tumor niches. Hypoxia plays an indispensable role in the tumor micro-ecosystem, drastically enhancing the plasticity of cancer cells, fibroblasts and immune cells and orchestrating intercellular communication. Hypoxia-induced signals, particularly hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), drive the reprogramming of genetic, transcriptional, and proteomic profiles. This leads to a spectrum of interconnected processes, including augmented survival of cancer cells, evasion of immune surveillance, metabolic reprogramming, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and the development of resistance to conventional therapeutic modalities like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here, we summarize the latest research on the multifaceted effects of hypoxia, where a multitude of cellular and non-cellular elements crosstalk with each other and co-evolve in a synergistic manner. Additionally, we investigate therapeutic approaches targeting hypoxic niche, encompassing hypoxia-activated prodrugs, HIF inhibitors, nanomedicines, and combination therapies. Finally, we discuss some of the issues to be addressed and highlight the potential of emerging technologies in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Qian-Yu Lv
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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8
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Griffin K, Mizenko R, Arun V, Carney RP, Leach JK. Extracellular Vesicles from Highly Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cells Induce Pro-Tumorigenic Macrophage Phenotypes. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300577. [PMID: 38596830 PMCID: PMC11178448 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is the principal factor in poor prognosis for individuals with osteosarcoma (OS). Understanding the events that lead to metastasis is critical to develop better interventions for this disease. Alveolar macrophages are potentially involved in priming the lung microenvironment for OS metastasis, yet the mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. Since extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a known actor in primary tumor development, their potential role in OS metastagenesis through macrophage modulation is explored here. The interaction of EVs isolated from highly metastatic (K7M2) and less metastatic (K12) osteosarcoma cell lines is compared with a peritoneal macrophage cell line. An EV concentration that reproducibly induced macrophage migration is identified first, then used for later experiments. By confocal microscopy, both EV types associated with M0 or M1 macrophages; however, only K7M2-EVs are associated with M2 macrophages, an interaction that is abrogated by EV pre-treatment with anti-CD47 antibody. Interestingly, all interactions appeared to be surface binding, not internalized. In functional studies, K7M2-EVs polarized fewer macrophages to M1. Together, these data suggest that K7M2-EVs have unique interactions with macrophages that can contribute to the production of a higher proportion of pro-tumor type macrophages, thereby accelerating metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Griffin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Rachel Mizenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Vishalakshi Arun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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Tang Q, Fan F, Chen L, Chen Y, Yuan L, Wang L, Xu H, Zhang Y, Cheng Y. Identification of blood exosomal metabolomic profiling for high-altitude cerebral edema. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11585. [PMID: 38773195 PMCID: PMC11109199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a severe neurological condition that can occur at high altitudes. It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the brain, leading to a range of symptoms, including severe headache, confusion, loss of coordination, and even coma and death. Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication, and their contents have been found to change in various diseases. This study analyzed the metabolomic characteristics of blood exosomes from HACE patients compared to those from healthy controls (HCs) with the aim of identifying specific metabolites or metabolic pathways associated with the development of HACE conditions. A total of 21 HACE patients and 21 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of the serum exosome samples was conducted using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the metabolic pathways affected in HACE patients. Twenty-six metabolites, including ( +)-camphoric acid, choline, adenosine, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine, and hypoxanthine-9-β-D-arabinofuranoside, among others, exhibited significant changes in expression in HACE patients compared to HCs. Additionally, these differentially abundant metabolites were confirmed to be potential biomarkers for HACE. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed several pathways that significantly affect energy metabolism regulation (such as purine metabolism, thermogenesis, and nucleotide metabolism), estrogen-related pathways (the estrogen signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and GnRH pathway), cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways (the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway), and hormone synthesis and secretion pathways (renin secretion, parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action, and aldosterone synthesis and secretion). In patients with HACE, adenosine, guanosine, and hypoxanthine-9-β-D-arabinofuranoside were negatively correlated with height. Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate is negatively correlated with weight and BMI. Additionally, LPE (18:2/0:0) and pregnanetriol were positively correlated with age. This study identified potential biomarkers for HACE and provided valuable insights into the underlying metabolic mechanisms of this disease. These findings may lead to potential targets for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in HACE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fangcheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of BrainScience-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Lhasa, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
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10
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Zhu CX, Yan K, Chen L, Huang RR, Bian ZH, Wei HR, Gu XM, Zhao YY, Liu MC, Suo CX, Li ZK, Yang ZY, Lu MQ, Hua XF, Li L, Zhao ZB, Sun LC, Zhang HF, Gao P, Lian ZX. Targeting OXCT1-mediated ketone metabolism reprograms macrophages to promote antitumor immunity via CD8 + T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00342-8. [PMID: 38759889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The liver is the main organ of ketogenesis, while ketones are mainly metabolized in peripheral tissues via the critical enzyme 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1). We previously found that ketolysis is reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through OXCT1 expression to promote tumor progression; however, whether OXCT1 regulates antitumor immunity remains unclear. METHODS To investigate the expression pattern of OXCT1 in HCC in vivo, we conducted multiplex immunohistochemistry experiments on human HCC specimens. To explore the role of OXCT1 in mouse HCC tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), we generated LysMcreOXCT1f/f (OXCT1 conditional knockout in macrophages) mice. RESULTS Here, we found that inhibiting OXCT1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages reduced CD8+ T-cell exhaustion through the succinate-H3K4me3-Arg1 axis. Initially, we found that OXCT1 was highly expressed in liver macrophages under steady state and that OXCT expression was further increased in TAMs. OXCT1 deficiency in macrophages suppressed tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward an antitumor phenotype, reducing CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and increasing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, high OXCT1 expression induced the accumulation of succinate, a byproduct of ketolysis, in TAMs, which promoted Arg1 transcription by increasing the H3K4me3 level in the Arg1 promoter. In addition, pimozide, an inhibitor of OXCT1, suppressed Arg1 expression as well as TAM polarization toward the protumor phenotype, leading to decreased CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and slower tumor growth. Finally, high expression of OXCT1 in macrophages was positively associated with poor survival in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrate that OXCT1 epigenetically suppresses antitumor immunity, suggesting that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS The intricate metabolism of liver macrophages plays a critical role in shaping hepatocellular carcinoma progression and immune modulation. Targeting macrophage metabolism to counteract immune suppression presents a promising avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Herein, we found that the ketogenesis gene OXCT1 was highly expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promoted tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward a protumor phenotype. Pharmacological targeting or genetic downregulation of OXCT1 in TAMs enhances antitumor immunity and slows tumor growth. Our results suggest that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xu Zhu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ran Wei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Mei Gu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Meng-Chu Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Xia Suo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Qiang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chong Sun
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Feng Zhang
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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Meng L, Zhang C, Yu P. Treating cancer through modulating exosomal protein loading and function: The prospects of natural products and traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107179. [PMID: 38615876 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, small yet vital extracellular vesicles, play an integral role in intercellular communication. They transport critical components, such as proteins, lipid bilayers, DNA, RNA, and glycans, to target cells. These vesicles are crucial in modulating the extracellular matrix and orchestrating signal transduction processes. In oncology, exosomes are pivotal in tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and immune modulation within the tumor microenvironment. Exosomal proteins, noted for their stability and specificity, have garnered widespread attention. This review delves into the mechanisms of exosomal protein loading and their impact on tumor development, with a focus on the regulatory effects of natural products and traditional Chinese medicine on exosomal protein loading and function. These insights not only offer new strategies and methodologies for cancer treatment but also provide scientific bases and directions for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Pei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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12
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Sorrells JE, Park J, Aksamitiene E, Marjanovic M, Martin EM, Chaney EJ, Higham AM, Cradock KA, Liu ZG, Boppart SA. Label-free nonlinear optical signatures of extracellular vesicles in liquid and tissue biopsies of human breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5528. [PMID: 38448508 PMCID: PMC10917806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated in metastasis and proposed as cancer biomarkers. However, heterogeneity and small size makes assessments of EVs challenging. Often, EVs are isolated from biofluids, losing spatial and temporal context and thus lacking the ability to access EVs in situ in their native microenvironment. This work examines the capabilities of label-free nonlinear optical microscopy to extract biochemical optical metrics of EVs in ex vivo tissue and EVs isolated from biofluids in cases of human breast cancer, comparing these metrics within and between EV sources. Before surgery, fresh urine and blood serum samples were obtained from human participants scheduled for breast tumor surgery (24 malignant, 6 benign) or healthy participants scheduled for breast reduction surgery (4 control). EVs were directly imaged both in intact ex vivo tissue that was removed during surgery and in samples isolated from biofluids by differential ultracentrifugation. Isolated EVs and freshly excised ex vivo breast tissue samples were imaged with custom nonlinear optical microscopes to extract single-EV optical metabolic signatures of NAD(P)H and FAD autofluorescence. Optical metrics were significantly altered in cases of malignant breast cancer in biofluid-derived EVs and intact tissue EVs compared to control samples. Specifically, urinary isolated EVs showed elevated NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime in cases of malignant cancer, serum-derived isolated EVs showed decreased optical redox ratio in stage II cancer, but not earlier stages, and ex vivo breast tissue showed an elevated number of EVs in cases of malignant cancer. Results further indicated significant differences in the measured optical metabolic signature based on EV source (urine, serum and tissue) within individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Sorrells
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jaena Park
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Edita Aksamitiene
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- NIH/NIBIB P41 Center for Label-Free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Elisabeth M Martin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | | | - Zheng G Liu
- Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- NIH/NIBIB P41 Center for Label-Free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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13
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Wang BJ, Chen YY, Chang HH, Chen RJ, Wang YJ, Lee YH. Zinc oxide nanoparticles exacerbate skin epithelial cell damage by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and exosome secretion in M1 macrophages following UVB irradiation-induced skin injury. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:9. [PMID: 38419076 PMCID: PMC10900617 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are common materials used in skin-related cosmetics and sunscreen products due to their whitening and strong UV light absorption properties. Although the protective effects of ZnONPs against UV light in intact skin have been well demonstrated, the effects of using ZnONPs on damaged or sunburned skin are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal the detailed underlying mechanisms related to keratinocytes and macrophages exposed to UVB and ZnONPs. RESULTS We demonstrated that ZnONPs exacerbated mouse skin damage after UVB exposure, followed by increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) levels, cell death and epithelial thickness. In addition, ZnONPs could penetrate through the damaged epithelium, gain access to the dermis cells, and lead to severe inflammation by activation of M1 macrophage. Mechanistic studies indicated that co-exposure of keratinocytes to UVB and ZnONPs lysosomal impairment and autophagy dysfunction, which increased cell exosome release. However, these exosomes could be taken up by macrophages, which accelerated M1 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, ZnONPs also induced a lasting inflammatory response in M1 macrophages and affected epithelial cell repair by regulating the autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage exosome secretion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings propose a new concept for ZnONP-induced skin toxicity mechanisms and the safety issue of ZnONPs application on vulnerable skin. The process involved an interplay of lysosomal impairment, autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage exosome secretion. The current finding is valuable for evaluating the effects of ZnONPs for cosmetics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bour-Jr Wang
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Institute of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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14
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Fu Z, Chen Z, Ye J, Ji J, Ni W, Lin W, Lin H, Lu L, Zhu G, Xie Q, Yan F, Chen G, Liu F. Identifying PLAUR as a Pivotal Gene of Tumor Microenvironment and Regulating Mesenchymal Phenotype of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:840. [PMID: 38398231 PMCID: PMC10887327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The mesenchymal (MES) phenotype of glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and therapy-resistant subtype of GBM. The MES phenotype transition during tumor progression results from both tumor-intrinsic genetic alterations and tumor-extrinsic microenvironmental factors. In this study, we sought to identify genes that can modulate the MES phenotype via both mechanisms. By integrating weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the differential expression analysis of hypoxia-immunosuppression-related genes, we identified the plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR) as the hub gene. Functional enrichment analysis and GSVA analysis demonstrated that PLAUR was associated with the MES phenotype of glioma and the hypoxia-immunosuppression-related microenvironmental components. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that PLAUR mediated the ligand-receptor interaction between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and glioma cells. Functional experiments in vitro with cell lines or primary glioma cells and xenograft models using BALB/c nude mice confirmed the role of PLAUR in promoting the MES phenotype of GBM. Our findings indicate that PLAUR regulates both glioma cells and tumor cell-extrinsic factors that favor the MES phenotype and suggest that PLAUR might be a potential target for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaixiang Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zihang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jingya Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jianxiong Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Weifang Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Weibo Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Haopu Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Liquan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ganggui Zhu
- Department of Lung Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China;
| | - Qin Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Fuyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (J.J.); (W.N.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
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15
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Niu L, Wang Q, Feng F, Yang W, Xie Z, Zheng G, Zhou W, Duan L, Du K, Li Y, Tian Y, Chen J, Xie Q, Fan A, Dan H, Liu J, Fan D, Hong L, Zhang J, Zheng J. Small extracellular vesicles-mediated cellular interactions between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages: Implication for immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166917. [PMID: 37820821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of cancer cells and various stromal cells, including macrophages, which exhibit diverse phenotypes with either pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) effects. The interaction between cancer cells and macrophages plays a crucial role in tumor progression. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which facilitate intercellular communication, are known to play a vital role in this process. This review provides a comprehensive summary of how sEVs derived from cancer cells, containing miRNAs, lncRNAs, proteins, and lipids, can influence macrophage polarization. Additionally, we discuss the impact of macrophage-secreted sEVs on tumor malignant transformation, including effects on proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and immune escape. Furthermore, we address the therapeutic advancements and current challenges associated with macrophage-associated sEVs, along with potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaoran Niu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaozan Zheng
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lili Duan
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kunli Du
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiding Li
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qibin Xie
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aqiang Fan
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanjun Dan
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Aviation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Bigos KJA, Quiles CG, Lunj S, Smith DJ, Krause M, Troost EGC, West CM, Hoskin P, Choudhury A. Tumour response to hypoxia: understanding the hypoxic tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcome in solid tumours. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331355. [PMID: 38352889 PMCID: PMC10861654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours affecting their biology and response to therapy. One of the main transcription factors activated by hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which regulates the expression of genes involved in various aspects of tumourigenesis including proliferative capacity, angiogenesis, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and cell migration. This can negatively impact patient outcomes by inducing therapeutic resistance. The importance of hypoxia is clearly demonstrated by continued research into finding clinically relevant hypoxia biomarkers, and hypoxia-targeting therapies. One of the problems is the lack of clinically applicable methods of hypoxia detection, and lack of standardisation. Additionally, a lot of the methods of detecting hypoxia do not take into consideration the complexity of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, this needs further elucidation as approximately 50% of solid tumours are hypoxic. The ECM is important component of the hypoxic TME, and is developed by both cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumour cells. However, it is important to distinguish the different roles to develop both biomarkers and novel compounds. Fibronectin (FN), collagen (COL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important components of the ECM that create ECM fibres. These fibres are crosslinked by specific enzymes including lysyl oxidase (LOX) which regulates the stiffness of tumours and induces fibrosis. This is partially regulated by HIFs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the role of matrix stiffness in different solid tumours as current data shows contradictory results on the impact on therapeutic resistance. The review also indicates that further research is needed into identifying different CAF subtypes and their exact roles; with some showing pro-tumorigenic capacity and others having anti-tumorigenic roles. This has made it difficult to fully elucidate the role of CAFs within the TME. However, it is clear that this is an important area of research that requires unravelling as current strategies to target CAFs have resulted in worsened prognosis. The role of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment is also discussed as hypoxia has been associated with modulating immune cells to create an anti-tumorigenic environment. Which has led to the development of immunotherapies including PD-L1. These hypoxia-induced changes can confer resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of hypoxia on the TME and its implications for therapy resistance. It also discusses the potential of hypoxia biomarkers as prognostic and predictive indictors of treatment response, as well as the challenges and opportunities of targeting hypoxia in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla JA. Bigos
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conrado G. Quiles
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sapna Lunj
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J. Smith
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Esther GC. Troost
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology – OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Catharine M. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - Ananya Choudhury
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Germany
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Chi ZC. Progress in understanding of relationship between inflammation and tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2024; 32:23-40. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been clear evidence that inflammation plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Tumor extrinsic inflammation is caused by many factors, including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, etc., all of which can increase cancer risk and stimulate malignant progression. Conversely, inflammation inherent in cancer or caused by cancer can be triggered by cancer-initiating mutations and can promote malignant progression through recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. Both exogenous and endogenous inflammation can lead to immunosuppression, thus providing a preferred opportunity for tumor development. Studies have confirmed that chronic inflammation is involved in various steps of tumorigenesis, including cell transformation, promotion, survival, prolifer-ation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Recent research has shed new light on the molecular and cellular circuits between inflammation and cancer. Two pathways have been preliminarily identified: Intrinsic and extrinsic. In the intrinsic pathway, genetic events leading to tumors initiate the expression of inflammatory related programs and guide the construction of the inflammatory microenvironment. In the extrinsic pathway, inflammatory conditions promote the development of cancer. This article reviews the recent progress in the understanding of the relationship between inflammation and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Chun Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
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Dai Z, Wang Y, Sun N, Zhang C. Characterizing ligand-receptor interactions and unveiling the pro-tumorigenic role of CCL16-CCR1 axis in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1299953. [PMID: 38274805 PMCID: PMC10808667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1299953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment significantly influences the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, with cell communication through ligand-receptor complexes playing a central role. Methods We conducted single-cell transcriptomic analysis on ten HCC tissues to identify ligand-receptor genes involved in malignant HCC cell communication using CellChat. Leveraging RNA-Seq data from the TCGA Liver Cancer (TCGA-LIHC) and Liver Cancer - RIKEN, JP (LIRI-JP) cohorts, we employed Cox regression analysis to screen for prognosis-related genes. Prognostic risk models were constructed through unsupervised clustering and differential gene expression analysis. Subsequently, a co-culture system involving tumor cells and macrophages was established. A series of experiments, including Transwell assays, immunofluorescence staining, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry, were conducted to elucidate the mechanism through which HCC cells recruit macrophages via the CCL16-CCR1 axis. Results Single-cell analysis unveiled significant interactions between malignant HCC cells and macrophages, identifying 76 related ligand-receptor genes. Patients were classified into three subtypes based on the expression patterns of eight prognosis-related ligand-receptor genes. The subtype with the worst prognosis exhibited reduced infiltration of T cell-related immune cells, downregulation of immune checkpoint genes, and increased M2-like tumor-associated macrophage scores. In vitro experiments confirmed the pivotal role of the CCL16-CCR1 axis in the recruitment and M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Clinical samples demonstrated a significant association between CCL16 protein expression levels and advanced stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining further confirmed the correlation between CCL16 and CCR1, CD68, and CD206, as well as CD68+CCR1+ macrophage infiltration. Conclusions Our study identified molecular subtypes, a prognostic model, and immune microenvironment features based on ligand-receptor interactions in malignant HCC cell communication. Moreover, we revealed the pro-tumorigenic role of HCC cells in recruiting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages through the CCL16-CCR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Dai
- Hepabobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Anshan Central Hospital, Anshan, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Hepabobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengshuo Zhang
- Hepabobiliary Surgery Department, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang B, Cheng D, Ma D, Chen R, Li D, Zhao W, Fang C, Ji M. Mutual regulation of PD-L1 immunosuppression between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells: a critical role for exosomes. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:21. [PMID: 38195554 PMCID: PMC10775441 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells primarily employ the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to thwart the anti-tumor capabilities of T lymphocytes, inducing immunosuppression. This occurs through the direct interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 on T lymphocyte surfaces. Recent research focusing on the tumor microenvironment has illuminated the pivotal role of immune cells, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), in facilitating PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression. Exosomes, characterized by their ability to convey information and be engulfed by cells, significantly contribute to promoting TAM involvement in establishing PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes, characterized by their ability to convey information and be engulfed by cells, significantly contribute to promoting TAM involvement in establishing PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. In addition to receiving signals from tumor-derived exosomes that promote PD-L1 expression, TAMs also exert control over PD-L1 expression in tumor cells through the release of exosomes. This paper aims to summarize the mechanisms by which exosomes participate in this process, identify crucial factors that influence these mechanisms, and explore innovative strategies for inhibiting or reversing the tumor-promoting effects of TAMs by targeting exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banglu Wang
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Daoan Cheng
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Danyu Ma
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Dong Li
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Weiqing Zhao
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Departments of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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20
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Qian Y, Yin Y, Zheng X, Liu Z, Wang X. Metabolic regulation of tumor-associated macrophage heterogeneity: insights into the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapeutic opportunities. Biomark Res 2024; 12:1. [PMID: 38185636 PMCID: PMC10773124 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population that play diverse functions in tumors. Their identity is determined not only by intrinsic factors, such as origins and transcription factors, but also by external signals from the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as inflammatory signals and metabolic reprogramming. Metabolic reprogramming has rendered TAM to exhibit a spectrum of activities ranging from pro-tumorigenic to anti-tumorigenic, closely associated with tumor progression and clinical prognosis. This review implicates the diversity of TAM phenotypes and functions, how this heterogeneity has been re-evaluated with the advent of single-cell technologies, and the impact of TME metabolic reprogramming on TAMs. We also review current therapies targeting TAM metabolism and offer new insights for TAM-dependent anti-tumor immunotherapy by focusing on the critical role of different metabolic programs in TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yujia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaocui Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Chen XJ, Guo CH, Wang ZC, Yang Y, Pan YH, Liang JY, Sun MG, Fan LS, Liang L, Wang W. Hypoxia-induced ZEB1 promotes cervical cancer immune evasion by strengthening the CD47-SIRPα axis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:15. [PMID: 38183060 PMCID: PMC10768116 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dynamic interaction between cancer cells and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME) is an active barrier to the effector arm of the antitumour immune response. Cancer-secreted exosomes are emerging mediators of this cancer-stromal cross-talk in the TME; however, the mechanisms underlying this interaction remain unclear. METHODS Exosomes were isolated with ExoQuick exosome precipitation solution. The polarizing effect of TAMs was evaluated by flow cytometry, western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining and in vitro phagocytosis assays. Clinical cervical cancer specimens and an in vivo xenograft model were also employed. RESULTS Our previous study showed that hypoxia increased the expression of ZEB1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) cells, which resulted in increased infiltration of TAMs. Here, we found that hypoxia-induced ZEB1 expression is closely correlated with CD47-SIRPα axis activity in CSCC, which enables cancer cells to evade phagocytosis by macrophages and promotes tumour progression. ZEB1 was found to directly activate the transcription of the CD47 gene in hypoxic CSCC cells. We further showed that endogenous ZEB1 was characteristically enriched in hypoxic CSCC cell-derived exosomes and transferred into macrophages via these exosomes to promote SIRPα+ TAM polarization. Intriguingly, exosomal ZEB1 retained transcriptional activity and reprogrammed SIRPα+ TAMs via activation of the STAT3 signalling pathway in vitro and in vivo. STAT3 inhibition reduced the polarizing effect induced by exosomal ZEB1. Knockdown of ZEB1 increased the phagocytosis of CSCC cells by macrophages via decreasing CD47 and SIRPα expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that hypoxia-induced ZEB1 promotes immune evasion in CSCC by strengthening the CD47-SIRPα axis. ZEB1-targeted therapy in combination with CD47-SIRPα checkpoint immunotherapy may improve the outcomes of CSCC patients in part by disinhibiting innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Hong Guo
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ci Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hua Pan
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Ying Liang
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ge Sun
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Sheng Fan
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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Lei A, Yu H, Lu S, Lu H, Ding X, Tan T, Zhang H, Zhu M, Tian L, Wang X, Su S, Xue D, Zhang S, Zhao W, Chen Y, Xie W, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Zhao J, Jiang W, Church G, Chan FKM, Gao Z, Zhang J. A second-generation M1-polarized CAR macrophage with antitumor efficacy. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:102-116. [PMID: 38012418 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have successfully treated hematological malignancies. Macrophages have also gained attention as an immunotherapy owing to their immunomodulatory capacity and ability to infiltrate solid tumors and phagocytize tumor cells. The first-generation CD3ζ-based CAR-macrophages could phagocytose tumor cells in an antigen-dependent manner. Here we engineered induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages (iMACs) with toll-like receptor 4 intracellular toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing CARs resulting in a markedly enhanced antitumor effect over first-generation CAR-macrophages. Moreover, the design of a tandem CD3ζ-TIR dual signaling CAR endows iMACs with both target engulfment capacity and antigen-dependent M1 polarization and M2 resistance in a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent manner, as well as the capacity to modulate the tumor microenvironment. We also outline a mechanism of tumor cell elimination by CAR-induced efferocytosis against tumor cell apoptotic bodies. Taken together, we provide a second-generation CAR-iMAC with an ability for orthogonal phagocytosis and polarization and superior antitumor functions in treating solid tumors relative to first-generation CAR-macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhua Lei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- CellOrigin Inc, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengxing Lu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xizhong Ding
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Tan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Su
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Dixuan Xue
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuge Chen
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanrun Xie
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhong Jiang
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - George Church
- Department of Genetics and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Zhihua Gao
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Center of Gene and Cell Therapy and Genome Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Mao C, Xu N. Single-cell Sequencing Data Reveals Aggressive CD68-type Macrophages and Prognostic Models in Bladder Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1523-1538. [PMID: 37622699 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230824093312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly heterogeneous, complex pathological histology, and clinical phenotype in bladder cancer (BC) plague the prognostic management of BC to the present day. METHODS This study was conducted using single-cell sequencing data from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database (GSE135337). A descending, annotated analysis was performed to identify the cell types contributing to BC aggressiveness. BC cell sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were then combined with univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), multivariate COX regression analysis to identify biomarkers of BC prognosis to construct a BC. We identified biomarkers of BC prognosis to construct a prognostic risk guidance system for BC. The feedback of patients in different risk strata to immunotherapy was analyzed. Finally, the regulation of prognostic genes on cancer cell activity was verified in vitro by Western blot and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assays. RESULTS Macrophages specifically expressing CD68 in BC were the cell type with the highest AUCell score, and CD68 was the biomarker of Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). CD68 macrophages were potentially the critical cell type in the aggressive BC subtype. Through univariate, LASSO, multivariate COX-based regression analysis. CTSS, GMFG, ANXA5, GSN, SLC2A3, and FTL were authenticated as prognostic biomarkers (p < 0.05) and composed the Risk Score. Patients in the low-risk group showed an excellent survival advantage (p < 0.01) and immunotherapy feedback. Additionally, inhibition of GSN expression decreased EMT activity to inhibit bladder cancer cell viability. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study provided feedback on the immune cell types associated with aggressiveness in BC. Importantly, a prognostic management system for BC was created based on the genes involved, providing more insight into the aggressive pathological phenotype as well as the prognosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310026, China
| | - Nong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310026, China
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Liu Y, Lu M, Liu F, Xu G, Feng C, Chen Y, Cai D, Sun H, Zeng Y, Xie J, Ma W, Gao X. Extracellular Vesicles Obtained From Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells Cultured Under Intermittent Hypoxia Induce M2 Macrophage Polarization via miR-20a-5p Delivery. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338231219415. [PMID: 38327167 PMCID: PMC10851739 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231219415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Conclusion: These findings indicate that EVs obtained from lung adenocarcinoma cells cultured under IH deliver miR-20a-5p to promote M2 macrophage polarization by targeting PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanling Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhen Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congrui Feng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuluo Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danyan Cai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huake Sun
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zeng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinglin Gao
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Rismanbaf A. Improving targeted small molecule drugs to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1945. [PMID: 37994401 PMCID: PMC10809209 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional cancer treatments face the challenge of therapeutic resistance, which causes poor treatment outcomes. The use of combination therapies can improve treatment results in patients and is one of the solutions to overcome this challenge. Chemotherapy is one of the conventional treatments that, due to the non-targeted and lack of specificity in targeting cancer cells, can cause serious complications in the short and long-term for patients by damaging healthy cells. Also, the employment of a wide range of strategies for chemotherapy resistance by cancer cells, metastasis, and cancer recurrence create serious problems to achieve the desired results of chemotherapy. Accordingly, targeted therapies can be used as a combination treatment with chemotherapy to both cause less damage to healthy cells, which as a result, they reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, and by targeting the factors that cause therapeutic challenges, can improve the results of chemotherapy in patients. RECENT FINDINGS Small molecules are one of the main targeted therapies that can be used for diverse targets in cancer treatment due to their penetration ability and characteristics. However, small molecules in cancer treatment are facing obstacles that a better understanding of cancer biology, as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in chemotherapy resistance, can lead to the improvement of this type of major targeted therapy. CONCLUSION In this review article, at first, the challenges that lead to not achieving the desired results in chemotherapy and how cancer cells can be resistant to chemotherapy are examined, and at the end, research areas are suggested that more focusing on them, can lead to the improvement of the results of using targeted small molecules as an adjunctive treatment for chemotherapy in the conditions of chemotherapy resistance and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Rismanbaf
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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26
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Roy S, Das A, Bairagi A, Das D, Jha A, Srivastava AK, Chatterjee N. Mitochondria act as a key regulatory factor in cancer progression: Current concepts on mutations, mitochondrial dynamics, and therapeutic approach. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108490. [PMID: 38460864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The diversified impacts of mitochondrial function vs. dysfunction have been observed in almost all disease conditions including cancers. Mitochondria play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis and integrity, however, mitochondrial dysfunctions influenced by alterations in the mtDNA can disrupt cellular balance. Many external stimuli or cellular defects that cause cellular integrity abnormalities, also impact mitochondrial functions. Imbalances in mitochondrial activity can initiate and lead to accumulations of genetic mutations and can promote the processes of tumorigenesis, progression, and survival. This comprehensive review summarizes epigenetic and genetic alterations that affect the functionality of the mitochondria, with considerations of cellular metabolism, and as influenced by ethnicity. We have also reviewed recent insights regarding mitochondrial dynamics, miRNAs, exosomes that play pivotal roles in cancer promotion, and the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on immune cell mechanisms. The review also summarizes recent therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria in anti-cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraddhya Roy
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ananya Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Aparajita Bairagi
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Debangshi Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ashna Jha
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit Of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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Tay AHM, Cinotti R, Sze NSK, Lundqvist A. Inhibition of ERO1a and IDO1 improves dendritic cell infiltration into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1264012. [PMID: 38187398 PMCID: PMC10766682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal and treatment resistant cancers. Due to its desmoplastic and hypoxic nature along with an abundance of myeloid cell infiltration and scarce T cell infiltration, PDAC is considered a cold tumor. Methods Here we sought to investigate myeloid cell infiltration and composition in PDAC spheroids by targeting the hypoxia-associated pathways endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1a) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). Using MiaPaCa2 spheroids with hypoxic core, we assessed the roles of ERO1a and IDO1 inhibition in modulating monocyte infiltration and differentiation, followed by characterizing immunomodulatory factors secreted using LC-MS/MS. Results Inhibition of ERO1a and IDO1 significantly improved monocyte infiltration and differentiation into dendritic cells. LC-MS/MS analysis of the PDAC spheroid secretome identified downregulation of hypoxia and PDAC pathways, and upregulation of antigen presentation pathways upon inhibition of ERO1a and IDO1. Furthermore, immunomodulatory factors involved in immune infiltration and migration including interleukin-8, lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1, and transgelin-2, were upregulated upon inhibition of ERO1a and IDO1. Discussion Collectively, our results show that inhibition of ERO1a and IDO1 modulates the tumor microenvironment associated with improved monocyte infiltration and differentiation into dendritic cells to potentially influence therapeutic responses in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apple Hui Min Tay
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riccardo Cinotti
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Newman Sui Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Andreas Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Singh K, Gautam PK. Macrophage infiltration in 3D cancer spheroids to recapitulate the TME and unveil interactions within cancer cells and macrophages to modulate chemotherapeutic drug efficacy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1201. [PMID: 38062442 PMCID: PMC10701966 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recapitulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vitro remains a major hurdle in cancer research. In recent years, there have been significant strides in this area, particularly with the emergence of 3D spheroids as a model system for drug screening and therapeutics development for solid tumors. However, incorporating macrophages into these spheroid cultures poses specific challenges due to the intricate interactions between macrophages and cancer cells. METHODS To address this issue, in this study, we established a reproducible healthy multicellular 3D spheroid culture with macrophage infiltrates in order to mimic the TME and modulate the drug's efficacy on cancer cells in the presence of macrophages. A 3D spheroid was established using the human cancer cell line CAL33 and THP1 cell derived M0 macrophages were used as a source of macrophages. Cellular parameters including tumour metabolism, health, and mitochondrial mass were analysed in order to establish ideal conditions. To modulate the interaction of cancer cells with macrophage the ROS, NO, and H2O2 levels, in addition to M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypic markers, were analyzed. To understand the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages for ECM degradation, HSP70, HIF1α and cysteine proteases were examined in spheroids using western blotting and qPCR. RESULTS The spheroids with macrophage infiltrates exhibited key features of solid tumors, including cellular heterogeneity, metabolic changes, nutrient gradients, ROS emission, and the interplay between HIF1α and HSP70 for upregulation of ECM degradading enzymes. Our results demonstrate that tumor cells exhibit a metabolic shift in the presence of macrophages. Additionally, we have observed a shift in the polarity of M0 macrophages towards tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in response to cancer cells in spheroids. Results also demonstrate the involvement of macrophages in regulating HIF-1α, HSP70, and ECM degradation cysteine proteases enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study has significant implications for cancer therapy as it sheds light on the intricate interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding macrophages. Additionally, our 3D spheroid model can aid in drug screening and enhance the predictive accuracy of preclinical studies. The strength of our study lies in the comprehensive characterization of the multicellular 3D spheroid model, which closely mimics the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushwant Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Pramod K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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29
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Zhang Y, Liang S, Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhang K. Identification of a novel endocytosis‑associated gene signature for prognostic prediction in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:511. [PMID: 37920434 PMCID: PMC10618919 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant solid tumors and the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Endocytosis is an essential physiological activity for cells to maintain membrane homeostasis, and has been reported to serve an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. In the present study, the aim was to construct a prognostic prediction model of endocytosis-associated genes for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The endocytosis-associated gene signature was established using Lasso Cox regression analysis using the training set of the LUAD cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and verified using two datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the prognostic evaluation of patients with LUAD. Differentially expressed genes were screened in the tumor tissue of patients compared with paired paracancerous tissues. A series of candidate genes associated to the prognosis of patients with LUAD was obtained using univariate Cox's regression analysis. Using the Lasso Cox regression analysis, an appropriate risk model with 18 endocytosis-associated genes was established. A high-risk score was positively correlated with a higher tumor stage and pathologic grade. Patients with LUAD and high-risk scores had shorter survival times, increased intratumor heterogeneities and immune cell infiltration into tumor tissues, compared with those patients with LUAD and low-risk scores. The endocytosis inhibitor chloroquine could repress proliferation and increase the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. In summary, a novel endocytosis-associated gene signature was constructed using TCGA and GEO datasets. Patients with LUAD and high-risk scores, as calculated by the signature, had a poor prognosis and short survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Siwen Liang
- School of Optometry & Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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30
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Zhang Z, Yu H, Wang Q, Ding Y, Wang Z, Zhao S, Bian T. A Macrophage-Related Gene Signature for Identifying COPD Based on Bioinformatics and ex vivo Experiments. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5647-5665. [PMID: 38050560 PMCID: PMC10693783 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s438308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the association between immune cells and the development of COPD, while providing a new method for the diagnosis of COPD according to the changes in immune microenvironment. Methods In this study, the "CIBERSORT" algorithm was used to estimate the tissue infiltration of 22 types of immune cells in GSE20257 and GSE10006. The "limma" package was used for differentially expressed analysis. The key modules associated with vital immune cells were identified using WGCNA. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed the biological functions of the candidate genes. Ultimately, a novel diagnostic prediction model was constructed via machine learning methods and multivariate logistic regression analysis based on GSE20257. Furthermore, we examined the stability of the model on one internal test set (GSE10006), three external test sets (GSE8545, GSE57148 and GSE76925), one single-cell transcriptome dataset (GSE167295), macrophages (THP-M cells) and lung tissue from COPD patients. Results M0 macrophages (AUC > 0.7 in GSE20257 and GSE10006) were considered as the most important immune cells through exploring the immune microenvironment landscapes in COPD patients and healthy controls. The differentially expressed genes from GSE20257 and GSE10006 were divided into six and five modules via WGCNA, respectively. The green module in GSE20257 (cor = 0.41, P < 0.001) and the brown module in GSE10006 (cor = 0.67, P < 0.001) were highly correlated with M0 macrophages and were selected as key modules. Forty-one intersected genes obtained from two modules were primarily involved in regulation of cytokine production, regulation of innate immune response, specific granule, phagosome, lysosome, ferroptosis, and other biological processes. On the basis of the candidate genetic markers further characterized via the "Boruta" and "LASSO" algorithm for COPD, a diagnostic model comprising CLEC5A, FTL and SLC2A3 was constructed, which could accurately distinguish COPD patients from healthy controls in multiple datasets. GSE20257 as the training set has an AUC of 0.916. The AUCs of the internal test set and three external test sets were 0.873, 0.932, 0.675 and 0.688, respectively. Single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that CLEC5A, FTL and SLC2A3 were expressed in macrophages from COPD patients. The expressions of CLEC5A, FTL and SLC2A3 were up-regulated in THP-M cells and lung tissue from COPD patients. Conclusion According to the variations of immune microenvironment in COPD patients, we constructed and validated a novel macrophage M0-associated diagnostic model with satisfactory predictive value. CLEC5A, FTL and SLC2A3 are expected to be promising targets of immunotherapy in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheming Zhang
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoda Yu
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Ding
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziteng Wang
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songyun Zhao
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Bian
- Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
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Hou SM, Lin CY, Fong YC, Tang CH. Hypoxia-regulated exosomes mediate M2 macrophage polarization and promote metastasis in chondrosarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13163-13175. [PMID: 37993261 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor. Traditional therapy is not very effective, and it is prone to metastasis in the late stage. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in the progression and metastasis of chondrosarcoma, and hypoxia is one of the key factors in the formation of TME. However, the detailed mechanism of how hypoxia affects tumor progression and metastasis in chondrosarcoma is still not fully understood. In this study, we focused on the mechanism of interaction between hypoxic chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) and macrophages. Our results suggest that hypoxia enhances the release of exosomes from chondrosarcoma cells. These hypoxia-induced exosomes promoted macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype, characterized by the expression of CD163 and CD206, but not the M1 phenotype, characterized by CD86 expression. Further analysis revealed that M2 macrophages polarized by exosomes expressed arginase-1 and feedback to chondrosarcoma cells to promote migration. These results suggest that chondrosarcoma cells secrete more exosomes in a hypoxic microenvironment, and these hypoxia-derived exosomes induce the polarization of macrophages into an M2 phenotype, ultimately promoting the metastatic behavior of chondrosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Mou Hou
- Department of Research, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Director’s Office, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Fong
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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32
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Jiang J, Wang W, Zhu L, Shi B, Chen Y, Xia Y, Feng W, Yao W, Lu A, Zhang H. Unveiling the role of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomes in driving colorectal cancer progression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260638. [PMID: 38022589 PMCID: PMC10666760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages under hypoxic conditions has been acknowledged as a pivotal determinant in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous research has underscored the significance of exosomes derived from hypoxic tumor cells in facilitating tumor progression through inducing the polarization of macrophages towards the M2-like phenotype. The precise influence of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomes (HMDEs) on the progression of CRC has not yet been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of HMDEs in the progression of CRC. We discovered that there was an elevated release of exosomes derived from macrophages in hypoxic conditions. Additionally, the hypoxia-induced macrophage-derived exosomes played a crucial role in promoting the progression of CRC. We have also demonstrated that HMDEs have the ability to induce cell cycle transition and inhibit cell apoptosis, thereby promoting the growth of CRC cells. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects have been identified. The overexpression of Hif-1α results in its direct interaction with distinct regions (-521- -516 bp and -401- -391 bp) of the Hsp90 promoter during hypoxic circumstances. This binding event led to the overexpression of Hsp90 and the subsequent elevation of Hsp90 protein levels within HMDEs. Importantly, the crucial interaction between Hsp90 and Lats1 resulted in the deactivation of Lats1 and the inhibition of Yap phosphorylation. Ultimately, this series of events lead to the deactivation of the Hippo signaling pathway. Our in vivo and in vitro studies presented compelling evidence for the crucial role of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomal Hsp90 in promoting CRC progression through the inhibition of the Hippo signaling pathway. These findings represented a significant advancement in our comprehension of the complex interplay between macrophages and CRC cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Xia
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Feng
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwu Yao
- Department of Imaging, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiguo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yoo S, Choi S, Kim I, Kim IS. Hypoxic regulation of extracellular vesicles: Implications for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 363:201-220. [PMID: 37739015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication and have been implicated in cancer progression. Hypoxia, a pervasive hallmark of cancer, is known to regulate EV biogenesis and function. Hypoxic EVs contain a specific set of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites, capable of reprogramming the biology and fate of recipient cells. Enhancing the intrinsic therapeutic efficacy of EVs can be achieved by strategically modifying their structure and contents. Moreover, the use of EVs as drug delivery vehicles holds great promise for cancer treatment. However, various hurdles must be overcome to enable their clinical application as cancer therapeutics. In this review, we aim to discuss the current knowledge on the hypoxic regulation of EVs. Additionally, we will describe the underlying mechanisms by which EVs contribute to cancer progression in hypoxia and outline the progress and limitations of hypoxia-related EV therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkyeong Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Sanga Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Iljin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea; Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea.
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Flati I, Di Vito Nolfi M, Dall’Aglio F, Vecchiotti D, Verzella D, Alesse E, Capece D, Zazzeroni F. Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Immunometabolic Reprogramming: How the Wind Changes during Cancer Progression. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1953. [PMID: 37895302 PMCID: PMC10606647 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and the immunological state are intimately intertwined, as defense responses are bioenergetically expensive. Metabolic homeostasis is a key requirement for the proper function of immune cell subsets, and the perturbation of the immune-metabolic balance is a recurrent event in many human diseases, including cancer, due to nutrient fluctuation, hypoxia and additional metabolic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although much remains to be understood in the field of immunometabolism, here, we report the current knowledge on both physiological and cancer-associated metabolic profiles of immune cells, and the main molecular circuits involved in their regulation, highlighting similarities and differences, and emphasizing immune metabolic liabilities that could be exploited in cancer therapy to overcome immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (M.D.V.N.); (F.D.); (D.V.); (D.V.); (E.A.); (F.Z.)
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Hegde M, Kumar A, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Goel A, Hui KM, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Exosomal noncoding RNA-mediated spatiotemporal regulation of lipid metabolism: Implications in immune evasion and chronic inflammation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:114-134. [PMID: 37419767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The hallmark of chronic inflammatory diseases is immune evasion. Successful immune evasion involves numerous mechanisms to suppress both adaptive and innate immune responses. Either direct contact between cells or paracrine signaling triggers these responses. Exosomes are critical drivers of these interactions and exhibit both immunogenic and immune evasion properties during the development and progression of various chronic inflammatory diseases. Exosomes carry diverse molecular cargo, including lipids, proteins, and RNAs that are crucial for immunomodulation. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that exosomes and their cargo-loaded molecules are extensively involved in lipid remodeling and metabolism during immune surveillance and disease. Many studies have also shown the involvement of lipids in controlling immune cell activities and their crucial upstream functions in regulating inflammasome activation, suggesting that any perturbation in lipid metabolism results in abnormal immune responses. Strikingly, the expanded immunometabolic reprogramming capacities of exosomes and their contents provided insights into the novel mechanisms behind the prophylaxis of inflammatory diseases. By summarizing the tremendous therapeutic potential of exosomes, this review emphasizes the role of exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in regulating immune responses through the modulation of lipid metabolism and their promising therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Computers and communications Department College of Engineering Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Akul Goel
- California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology and NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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36
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Nail HM, Chiu CC, Leung CH, Ahmed MMM, Wang HMD. Exosomal miRNA-mediated intercellular communications and immunomodulatory effects in tumor microenvironments. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:69. [PMID: 37605155 PMCID: PMC10440907 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular communication, in other words, crosstalk between cells, has a pivotal role in the survival of an organism. This communication occurs by different methods, one of which is extracellular vesicles. Exosomes, which are small lipid extracellular vesicles, have recently been discovered to have a role in signal transduction between cells inside the body. These vesicles contain important bioactive molecules including lipids, proteins, DNA, mRNA, and noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomes are secreted by all cells including immune cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells) and tumor cells. The tumor microenvironment (TME) represents a complex network that supports the growth of tumor cells. This microenvironment encompasses tumor cells themselves, the extracellular matrix, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, blood vessels, immune cells, and non-cellular components such as exosomes and cytokines. This review aims to provide insights into the latest discoveries concerning how the immune system communicates internally and with other cell types, with a specific focus on research involving exosomal miRNAs in macrophages, dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes. Additionally, we will explore the role of exosomal miRNA in the TME and the immunomodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howida M Nail
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao, China
| | - Mahmoud M M Ahmed
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 404, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City, 402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404, Taiwan.
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Tsai YT, Chang CH, Tsai HY. Rege-1 promotes C. elegans survival by modulating IIS and TOR pathways. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010869. [PMID: 37556491 PMCID: PMC10441803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathways are known to sense the environmental stimuli and result in physiological adjustments. The responding processes need to be tightly controlled. Here, we show that upon encountering P. aeruginosa, C. elegans upregulate the transcription factor ets-4, but this upregulation is attenuated by the ribonuclease, rege-1. As such, mutants with defective REGE-1 ribonuclease activity undergo ets-4-dependent early death upon challenge with P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, mRNA-seq analysis revealed associated global changes in two key metabolic pathways, the IIS (insulin/IGF signaling) and TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase signaling pathways. In particular, failure to degrade ets-4 mRNA in activity-defective rege-1 mutants resulted in upregulation of class II longevity genes, which are suppressed during longevity, and activation of TORC1 kinase signaling pathway. Genetic inhibition of either pathway way was sufficient to abolish the poor survival phenotype in rege-1 worms. Further analysis of ETS-4 ChIP data from ENCODE and characterization of one upregulated class II gene, ins-7, support that the Class II genes are activated by ETS-4. Interestingly, deleting an upregulated Class II gene, acox-1.5, a peroxisome β-oxidation enzyme, largely rescues the fat lost phenotype and survival difference between rege-1 mutants and wild-types. Thus, rege-1 appears to be crucial for animal survival due to its tight regulation of physiological responses to environmental stimuli. This function is reminiscent of its mammalian ortholog, Regnase-1, which modulates the intestinal mTORC1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsi Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yue Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Teng Y, Xu L, Li W, Liu P, Tian L, Liu M. Targeting reactive oxygen species and fat acid oxidation for the modulation of tumor-associated macrophages: a narrative review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224443. [PMID: 37545527 PMCID: PMC10401428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are significant immunocytes infiltrating the tumor microenvironment(TME). Recent research has shown that TAMs exhibit diversity in terms of their phenotype, function, time, and spatial distribution, which allows for further classification of TAM subtypes. The metabolic efficiency of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) varies among TAM subtypes. FAO is closely linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a role in processes such as oxidative stress. Current evidence demonstrates that FAO and ROS can influence TAMs' recruitment, polarization, and phagocytosis ability either individually or in combination, thereby impacting tumor progression. But the specific mechanisms associated with these relationships still require further investigation. We will review the current status of research on the relationship between TAMs and tumor development from three aspects: ROS and TAMs, FAO and TAMs, and the interconnectedness of FAO, ROS, and TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Linli Tian
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
| | - Ming Liu
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
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Gombos G, Németh N, Pös O, Styk J, Buglyó G, Szemes T, Danihel L, Nagy B, Balogh I, Soltész B. New Possible Ways to Use Exosomes in Diagnostics and Therapy via JAK/STAT Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1904. [PMID: 37514090 PMCID: PMC10386711 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have the potential to be the future of personalized diagnostics and therapy. They are nano-sized particles between 30 and 100 nm flowing in the extracellular milieu, where they mediate cell-cell communication and participate in immune system regulation. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) secreted from different types of cancer cells are the key regulators of the tumor microenvironment. With their immune suppressive cargo, TDEs prevent the antitumor immune response, leading to reduced effectiveness of cancer treatment by promoting a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Involved signaling pathways take part in the regulation of tumor proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Signal transducers and activators of transcription factors (STATs) and Janus kinase (JAK) signaling pathways are crucial in malignancies and autoimmune diseases alike, and their potential to be manipulated is currently the focus of interest. In this review, we aim to discuss exosomes, TDEs, and the JAK/STAT pathways, along with mediators like interleukins, tripartite motif proteins, and interferons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gréta Gombos
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Németh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ondrej Pös
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jakub Styk
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gergely Buglyó
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tomas Szemes
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 841 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ludovit Danihel
- 3rd Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and Merciful Brothers University Hospital, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - István Balogh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beáta Soltész
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Fu X, Song J, Yan W, Downs BM, Wang W, Li J. The biological function of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles on metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:150. [PMID: 37349803 PMCID: PMC10286389 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in the process of information transfer and material transport between cells. EVs are classified into different types according to their sizes, which includes the class of exosomes. In comparison to normal EVs, tumor-derived EVs (TDEs) have both altered components and quantities of contents. TDEs have been shown to help facilitate an environment conducive to the occurrence and development of tumor by regulation of glucose, lipids and amino acids. Furthermore, TDEs can also affect the host metabolism and immune system. EVs have been shown to have multiple clinically useful properties, including the use of TDEs as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of diseases and using the transport properties of exosomes for drug delivery. Targeting the key bioactive cargoes of exosomes could be applied to provide new strategies for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we summarize the finding of studies focused on measuring the effects of TDE on tumor-related microenvironment and systemic metabolism. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Junlong Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei China
| | - Bradley M. Downs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
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Adamczyk AM, Leicaj ML, Fabiano MP, Cabrerizo G, Bannoud N, Croci DO, Witwer KW, Remes Lenicov F, Ostrowski M, Pérez PS. Extracellular vesicles from human plasma dampen inflammation and promote tissue repair functions in macrophages. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12331. [PMID: 37272889 PMCID: PMC10241174 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation is a vital defence response to infection, if left uncontrolled, it can lead to pathology. Macrophages are critical players both in driving the inflammatory response and in the subsequent events required for restoring tissue homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed structures released by cells that mediate intercellular communication and are present in all biological fluids, including blood. Herein, we show that extracellular vesicles from plasma (pEVs) play a relevant role in the control of inflammation by counteracting PAMP-induced macrophage activation. Indeed, pEV-treatment of macrophages simultaneously with or prior to PAMP exposure reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-α and increased IL-10 response. This anti-inflammatory activity was associated with the promotion of tissue-repair functions in macrophages, characterized by augmented efferocytosis and pro-angiogenic capacity, and increased expression of VEGFa, CD300e, RGS2 and CD93, genes involved in cell growth and tissue remodelling. We also show that simultaneous stimulation of macrophages with a PAMP and pEVs promoted COX2 expression and CREB phosphorylation as well as the accumulation of higher concentrations of PGE2 in cell culture supernatants. Remarkably, the anti-inflammatory activity of pEVs was abolished if cells were treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of COX2, indicating that pEV-mediated induction of COX2 is critical for the pEV-mediated inhibition of inflammation. Finally, we show that pEVs added to monocytes prior to their M-CSF-induced differentiation to macrophages increased efferocytosis and diminished pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to PAMP stimulation. In conclusion, our results suggest that pEVs are endogenous homeostatic modulators of macrophages, activating the PGE2/CREB pathway, decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines and promoting tissue repair functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. Adamczyk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - María Luz Leicaj
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Martina Paula Fabiano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Gonzalo Cabrerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Nadia Bannoud
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología y Biología VascularInstituto de Histología y Embriología de MendozaCONICET‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina
| | - Diego O. Croci
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología y Biología VascularInstituto de Histología y Embriología de MendozaCONICET‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Federico Remes Lenicov
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Matías Ostrowski
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Paula Soledad Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS)Universidad de Buenos Aires‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
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Chen J, Tang TT, Cao JY, Li ZL, Zhong X, Wen Y, Shen AR, Liu BC, Lv LL. KIM-1 augments hypoxia-induced tubulointerstitial inflammation through uptake of small extracellular vesicles by tubular epithelial cells. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1437-1450. [PMID: 35982620 PMCID: PMC10188645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) exposed to hypoxia incite tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII), while the exact mechanism is unclear. In this study, we identified that hypoxia evoked tubule injury as evidenced by tubular hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) expression and that renal small extracellular vesicle (sEV) production was increased with the development of TII after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Intriguingly, KIM-1-positive tubules were surrounded by macrophages and co-localized with sEVs. In vitro, KIM-1 expression and sEV release were increased in hypoxic TECs and the hypoxia-induced inflammatory response was ameliorated when KIM-1 or Rab27a, a master regulator of sEV secretion, was silenced. Furthermore, KIM-1 was identified to mediate hypoxic TEC-derived sEV (Hypo-sEV) uptake by TECs. Phosphatidylserine (PS), a ligand of KIM-1, was present in Hypo-sEVs as detected by nanoflow cytometry. Correspondingly, the inflammatory response induced by exogenous Hypo-sEVs was attenuated when KIM-1 was knocked down. In vivo, exogenous-applied Hypo-sEVs localized to KIM-1-positive tubules and exacerbated TII in IRI mice. Our study demonstrated that KIM-1 expressed by injured tubules mediated sEV uptake via recognizing PS, which participated in the amplification of tubule inflammation induced by hypoxia, leading to the development of TII in ischemic acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tao-Tao Tang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Cao
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - An-Ran Shen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lin-Li Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Gu J, Yang S, Wang X, Wu Y, Wei J, Xu J. Hypoxic lung adenocarcinoma-derived exosomal miR-1290 induces M2 macrophage polarization by targeting SOCS3. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37081748 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are critical mediators of tumor cell-microenvironment cross talk. However, the mechanisms by which hypoxic Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)-derived exosomes modulate macrophage polarization remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypoxic LUAD-derived exosome on macrophage polarization and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS LUAD-derived exosomes were isolated, and then confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. Internalization of exosomes in macrophages was detected by confocal microscope. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments, rescue experiments, and xenograft models were performed to uncover the underlying mechanisms of exosomal miR-1290 induced macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS miR-1290 was enriched in hypoxic LUAD cancer cell-derived exosomes and could be transferred to macrophages. Overexpression of miR-1290 in macrophages-induced polarization of M2 phenotype. Luciferase assay verified SOCS3 was the target of miR-1290. Hypoxic LUAD cell-derived exosomal miR-1290 activated the STAT3 signaling pathway by targeting SOCS3 to promote M2 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION Hypoxic LUAD cells generate miR-1290-rich exosomes that promote M2 polarization of macrophages. Targeting exosomal miR-1290 may provide a potential immunotherapeutic strategy for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengrui Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yining Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Hong Y, Xia Z, Sun Y, Lan Y, Di T, Yang J, Sun J, Qiu M, Luo Q, Yang D. A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Regulation and Prognostic Effect of Coat Complex Subunit Zeta 1. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040889. [PMID: 37107648 PMCID: PMC10137353 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coatomer protein complex Zeta 1 (COPZ1) has been reported to play an essential role in maintaining the survival of some types of tumors. In this study, we sought to explore the molecular characteristics of COPZ1 and its clinical prognostic value through a pan-cancers bioinformatic analysis. We found that COPZ1 was extremely prevalent in a variety of cancer types, and high expression of COPZ1 was linked to poor overall survival in many cancers, while low expression in LAML and PADC was correlated with tumorigenesis. Besides, the CRISPR Achilles' knockout analysis revealed that COPZ1 was vital for many tumor cells' survival. We further demonstrated that the high expression level of COPZ1 in tumors was regulated in multi-aspects, including abnormal CNV, DNA-methylation, transcription factor and microRNAs. As for the functional exploration of COPZ1, we found a positive relationship between COPZ1's expression and stemness and hypoxia signature, especially the contribution of COPZ1 on EMT ability in SARC. GSEA analysis revealed that COPZ1 was associated with many immune response pathways. Further investigation demonstrated that COPZ expression was negatively correlated with immune score and stromal score, and low expression of COPZ1 has been associated to more antitumor immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The further analysis of COPZ1 expression and anti-inflammatory M2 cells showed a consistent result. Finally, we verified the expression of COPZ1 in HCC cells, and proved its ability of sustaining tumor growth and invasion with biological experiments. Our study provides a multi-dimensional pan-cancer analysis of COPZ and demonstrates that COPZ1 can serve as both a prospective target for the treatment of cancer and a prognostic marker for a variety of cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zengfei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yingxia Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Tian Di
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Clinical Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Miaozhen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qiuyun Luo
- Department of Cancer Research, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Dajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Du Y, Qiu R, Chen L, Chen Y, Zhong Z, Li P, Fan F, Cheng Y. Identification of serum exosomal metabolomic and proteomic profiles for remote ischemic preconditioning. J Transl Med 2023; 21:241. [PMID: 37009888 PMCID: PMC10069038 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) refers to a brief episode of exposure to potential adverse stimulation and prevents injury during subsequent exposure. RIPC has been shown to increase tolerance to ischemic injury and improve cerebral perfusion status. Exosomes have a variety of activities, such as remodeling the extracellular matrix and transmitting signals to other cells. This study aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of RIPC-mediated neuroprotection. METHODS Sixty adult male military personnel participants were divided into the control group (n = 30) and the RIPC group (n = 30). We analyzed the differential metabolites and proteins in the serum exosomes of RIPC participants and control subjects. RESULTS Eighty-seven differentially expressed serum exosomal metabolites were found between the RIPC and control groups, which were enriched in pathways related to tyrosine metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, serotonergic synapses, and multiple neurodegeneration diseases. In addition, there were 75 differentially expressed exosomal proteins between RIPC participants and controls, which involved the regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport, neutrophil degranulation, vesicle-mediated transport, etc. Furthermore, we found differentially expressed theobromine, cyclo gly-pro, hemopexin (HPX), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), which are associated with neuroprotective benefits in ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, five potential metabolite biomarkers, including ethyl salicylate, ethionamide, piperic acid, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol and zerumbone, that separated RIPC from control individuals were identified. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that serum exosomal metabolites are promising biomarkers for RIPC, and our results provide a rich dataset and framework for future analyses of cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury under ischemia/reperfusion conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhong
- Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fangcheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
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Liu CG, Chen J, Goh RMWJ, Liu YX, Wang L, Ma Z. The role of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles containing noncoding RNAs in mediating immune cell function and its implications from bench to bedside. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106756. [PMID: 37019192 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by almost all cell types, which participate in intercellular communication by delivering different types of molecular cargoes, such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Accumulating evidence suggests that tumor-derived EVs act as a bridge for intercellular crosstalk between tumor cells and surrounding cells, including immune cells. Tumor-derived EVs containing ncRNAs (TEV-ncRNAs) mediate intercellular crosstalk to manipulate immune responses and affect the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the double-edged roles and the underlying mechanisms of TEV-ncRNAs in regulating innate and adaptive immune cells. We also highlight the advantages of using TEV-ncRNAs in liquid biopsies for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, we outline the use of engineered EVs to deliver ncRNAs and other therapeutic agents for cancer therapy.
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Heidarzadeh M, Zarebkohan A, Rahbarghazi R, Sokullu E. Protein corona and exosomes: new challenges and prospects. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:64. [PMID: 36973780 PMCID: PMC10041507 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in extracellular vesicle (EVs) detection and isolation methods have led to the development of novel therapeutic modalities. Among different types of EVs, exosomes (Exos) can transfer different signaling biomolecules and exhibit several superior features compared to whole-cell-based therapies. Therapeutic factors are normally loaded into the Exo lumen or attached to their surface for improving the on-target delivery rate and regenerative outcomes. Despite these advantages, there are several limitations in the application of Exos in in vivo conditions. It was suggested that a set of proteins and other biological compounds are adsorbed around Exos in aqueous phases and constitute an external layer named protein corona (PC). Studies have shown that PC can affect the physicochemical properties of synthetic and natural nanoparticles (NPs) after introduction in biofluids. Likewise, PC is generated around EVs, especially Exos in in vivo conditions. This review article is a preliminary attempt to address the interfering effects of PC on Exo bioactivity and therapeutic effects. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Biophysics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mortezaee K, Majidpoor J. The impact of hypoxia on extracellular vesicle secretome profile of cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:128. [PMID: 36964452 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as key mediators of cell-to-cell communications and signal transporters between tumor and stroma, and hypoxia is a critical characteristic of tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid cancers. Hypoxia stimulates tumor cells to generate and secrete more EVs, and the EVs shed from cancer transfer biological information to boost hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) functionality. Hypoxia alters EV secretome profile to carry pro-tumorigenic factors for promoting numerous tumor-related processes including increased cancer cell proliferation and survival, immune escape, aberrant angiogenesis, and invasion and metastasis. Exosomal hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is an essential driver of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness profile in cancer. Hypoxic cancer-derived EVs are also contributed to therapy resistance. In fact, EVs are messengers of hypoxic tolerance in cancer, which enable adaptation of tumor cells to changes occurring within TME for their further resistance and metastasis. Tracing EVs shed from hypoxic tumor cells into plasma provide important information about the genomic signature of cancer. In this review, we aimed to discuss about key tumorigenic events promoted by inter-connections between hypoxia and EVs, mainly exosomes, secreted into tumor area focusing on key hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Tan S, Yang Y, Yang W, Han Y, Huang L, Yang R, Hu Z, Tao Y, Liu L, Li Y, Oyang L, Lin J, Peng Q, Jiang X, Xu X, Xia L, Peng M, Wu N, Tang Y, Cao D, Liao Q, Zhou Y. Exosomal cargos-mediated metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:59. [PMID: 36899389 PMCID: PMC9999652 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. As nutrients are scarce in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells adopt multiple metabolic adaptations to meet their growth requirements. Metabolic reprogramming is not only present in tumor cells, but exosomal cargos mediates intercellular communication between tumor cells and non-tumor cells in the TME, inducing metabolic remodeling to create an outpost of microvascular enrichment and immune escape. Here, we highlight the composition and characteristics of TME, meanwhile summarize the components of exosomal cargos and their corresponding sorting mode. Functionally, these exosomal cargos-mediated metabolic reprogramming improves the "soil" for tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, we discuss the abnormal tumor metabolism targeted by exosomal cargos and its potential antitumor therapy. In conclusion, this review updates the current role of exosomal cargos in TME metabolic reprogramming and enriches the future application scenarios of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yiqing Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lisheng Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ruiqian Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zifan Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemeng Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Mingjing Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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50
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Goswami S, Anandhan S, Raychaudhuri D, Sharma P. Myeloid cell-targeted therapies for solid tumours. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:106-120. [PMID: 35697799 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00737-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are the most abundant immune components of the tumour microenvironment, where they have a variety of functions, ranging from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory roles. The myeloid cell compartment comprises many different cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and granulocytes, that are highly plastic and can differentiate into diverse phenotypes depending on cues received from their microenvironment. In the past few decades, we have gained a better appreciation of the complexity of myeloid cell subsets and how they are involved in tumour progression and resistance to cancer therapies, including immunotherapy. In this Review, we highlight key features of monocyte and macrophage biology that are being explored as potential targets for cancer therapies and what aspects of myeloid cells need a deeper understanding to identify rational combinatorial strategies to improve clinical outcomes of patients with cancer. We discuss therapies that aim to modulate the functional activities of myeloid cell populations, impacting their recruitment, survival and activity in the tumour microenvironment, acting at the level of cell surface receptors, signalling pathways, epigenetic machinery and metabolic regulators. We also describe advances in the development of genetically engineered myeloid cells for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Goswami
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Swetha Anandhan
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deblina Raychaudhuri
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Padmanee Sharma
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,The Immunotherapy Platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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