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Qin Y, Zhang T, Du Z, Chen S, Li Y, Lv Y, Du X, Hu Y, Liu Z. Prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis: Retrospective experience of a single institution. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112385. [PMID: 38850788 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocarditis related to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse event. To gain insight into this condition, we analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with ICI-related myocarditis. METHODS Data on the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with ICI-related myocarditis between August 2018 and August 2023 in our institution were gathered retrospectively from medical records. Outcomes included the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). RESULTS Among 8875 patients who received ICI therapy, 31 patients experienced ICI-related myocarditis. These 31 patients had a mean age of 62 ± 12 years and included 24 (77.4 %) males and 19 patients (61.3 %) with at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The median duration from ICI initiation to the onset of myocarditis symptoms was 6.3 weeks (interquartile range, 4.3-8.1 weeks). Twenty-one patients (67.7 %) developed grade 3-4 myocarditis. Thirteen patients (42 %) experienced MACE after myocarditis onset, and 15 patients (48.4 %) showed a troponin rise > 4 times the maximum limit of the standard range. On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, troponin level could predict MACE in patients with ICI-related myocarditis with an area under the curve of 0.82 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.98, p = 0.003). From Kaplan-Meier analysis, the occurrence of MACE (p = 0.002) was an independent influencing factor on patients' overall survival. CONCLUSIONS ICI-related myocarditis frequently leads to MACE, which is associated with poor prognosis. Elevated troponin levels and electrocardiogram abnormalities in these patients may help predict the occurrence of MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The 983rd Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijuan Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhefeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Meng Y, Lv Y, Shen M, Yu W, Liu Y, Liu T, Liu G, Ma S, Hui Z, Ren X, Liu L. Establishment of an animal model of immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70011. [PMID: 39001676 PMCID: PMC11245635 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, it can also cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aimed to develop a clinically practical animal model of irAEs using BALB/c mice. METHODS Subcutaneous tumors of mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells were generated in inbred BALB/c mice. The mice were treated with programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors once every 3 days for five consecutive administration cycles. Changes in tumor volume and body weight were recorded. Lung computed tomography (CT) scans were conducted. The liver, lungs, heart, and colon tissues of the mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining to observe inflammatory infiltration and were scored. Serum samples were collected, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of ferritin, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Mouse liver and lung cell suspensions were prepared, and changes in macrophages, T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and regulatory (Treg) cells were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS Mice treated with PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors showed significant reductions in tumor volume and body weight. The tissue inflammatory scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Lung CT scans of mice in the experimental group showed obvious inflammatory spots. Serum levels of ferritin, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and ALT were significantly elevated in the experimental group. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a substantial increase in CD3+T cells, Treg cells, and macrophages in the liver and lung tissues of mice in the experimental group compared with the control group, and the change trend of MDSCs was opposite. CONCLUSIONS The irAE-related animal model was successfully established in BALB/c mice using a combination of PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors through multiple administrations with clinical translational value and practical. This model offers valuable insights into irAE mechanisms for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yingge Lv
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Meng Shen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Ting Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Gen Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Shiya Ma
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Zhenzhen Hui
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of ImmunologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innobation FundTianjinChina
| | - Liang Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjinChina
- Department of BiotherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
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Gergely TG, Drobni ZD, Kallikourdis M, Zhu H, Meijers WC, Neilan TG, Rassaf T, Ferdinandy P, Varga ZV. Immune checkpoints in cardiac physiology and pathology: therapeutic targets for heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:443-462. [PMID: 38279046 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules are physiological regulators of the adaptive immune response. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4, have revolutionized cancer treatment and their clinical use is increasing. However, ICIs can cause various immune-related adverse events, including acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. Of these cardiovascular complications, ICI-induced acute fulminant myocarditis is the most studied, although emerging clinical and preclinical data are uncovering the importance of other ICI-related chronic cardiovascular complications, such as accelerated atherosclerosis and non-myocarditis-related heart failure. These complications could be more difficult to diagnose, given that they might only be present alongside other comorbidities. The occurrence of these complications suggests a potential role of immune checkpoint molecules in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, and disruption of physiological immune checkpoint signalling might thus lead to cardiac pathologies, including heart failure. Although inflammation is a long-known contributor to the development of heart failure, the therapeutic targeting of pro-inflammatory pathways has not been successful thus far. The increasingly recognized role of immune checkpoint molecules in the failing heart highlights their potential use as immunotherapeutic targets for heart failure. In this Review, we summarize the available data on ICI-induced cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, and discuss how immune checkpoint signalling is altered in the failing heart. Furthermore, we describe how pharmacological targeting of immune checkpoints could be used to treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás G Gergely
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia D Drobni
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Han Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wouter C Meijers
- Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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Wang X, Chen J, Shen Y, Zhang H, Xu Y, Zhang J, Cheng L. Baricitinib protects ICIs-related myocarditis by targeting JAK1/STAT3 to regulate Macrophage polarization. Cytokine 2024; 179:156620. [PMID: 38701735 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer treatment, but these drugs can also cause severe immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), including myocarditis. Researchers have become interested in exploring ways to mitigate this side effect, and one promising avenue is the use of baricitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor known to have anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to examine the potential mechanism by which baricitinib in ICIs-related myocarditis. METHODS To establish an ICIs-related myocarditis model, BALB/c mice were administered murine cardiac troponin I (cTnI) peptide and anti-mouse programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibodies. Subsequently, baricitinib was administered to the mice via intragastric administration. Echocardiography, HE staining, and Masson staining were performed to evaluate myocardial functions, inflammation, and fibrosis. Immunofluorescence was used to detect macrophages in the cardiac tissue of the mice.In vitro experiments utilized raw264.7 cells to induce macrophage polarization using anti-PD-1 antibodies. Different concentrations of baricitinib were applied to assess cell viability, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines was measured. The activation of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway was evaluated through western blot analysis. RESULTS Baricitinib demonstrated its ability to improve cardiac function and reduce cardiac inflammation, as well as fibrosis induced by ICIs. Mechanistically, baricitinib treatment promoted the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that anti-PD-1 promoted the release of inflammatory factors. However, treatment with baricitinib significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT3. Additionally, the use of RO8191 reversed the effects of baricitinib, further confirming our findings. CONCLUSION Baricitinib demonstrated its potential as a protective agent against ICIs-related myocarditis by modulating macrophage polarization. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for the development of future treatments for ICIs-related myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Cheng
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Xia W, Chen H, Yang H, Zhu L, Xie C, Hou M. Depletion of SASP senescent cardiomyocytes with senolytic drugs confers therapeutic effects in doxorubicin-related cardiotoxicity. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38857187 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox), an anthracycline antibiotic, is widely used in cancer treatment. Although its antitumor efficacy appears significant, its clinical use is greatly restricted by its induction of cardiotoxicity. Cardiac senescence drives the Dox-induced cardiotoxicity, but whether diminishing these senescent cardiomyocytes could alleviate the cardiotoxicity remains unclear. Here, we assessed whether senescent cardiomyocytes have a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that affects healthy non-senescent cardiomyocytes, rendering them senescent via the delivery of exosomes. Additionally, we explored whether targeting SASP senescent cardiomyocytes using a Bcl-2 inhibitor could alleviate cardiotoxicity. Cardiac damage was induced in a mouse model of continuous Dox treatment in vivo, and cardiomyocytes in vitro. Immunofluorescence of the senescence markers of Cdkn2a, Cdkn1a and γ-H2A.X was used to assess the SASP in the Dox-treated heart. To explore the molecular mechanisms involved, the Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199 was employed to eliminate SASP senescent cardiomyocytes. We show that the cardiomyocytes acquire a SASP during Dox treatment. The senescent cardiomyocytes upregulated Bcl-2, although treatment of mice with ABT-199 selectively eliminated SASP senescent cardiomyocytes involved in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity, thus leading to partial alleviation of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Moreover, we concluded that SASP factors secreted by senescent cardiomyocytes induced by Dox renders otherwise healthy cardiomyocytes senescent through exosome delivery. Our findings suggest that SASP senescent cardiomyocytes are a significant component of the pathogenesis of Dox-dependent cardiotoxicity and indicate that targeting the clearance of SASP senescent cardiomyocytes could be a new therapeutic approach for Dox-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liaoxiang Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Hong Kong Precision Theranostics of Thoracic Tumors Joint Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Translational Research of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Michel L, Ferdinandy P, Rassaf T. Cellular Alterations in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:214-223. [PMID: 38430308 PMCID: PMC11090976 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has emerged as a pivotal advancement in cancer treatment, but the widespread adoption has given rise to a growing number of reports detailing significant cardiovascular toxicity. This review concentrates on elucidating the mechanisms behind ICI-related cardiovascular complications, emphasizing preclinical and mechanistic data. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence indicates a more significant role of immune checkpoints in maintaining cardiac integrity than previously understood, and new key scientific data are available to improve our understanding of ICI-related cardiovascular toxicity, including hidden cardiotoxicity. New avenues for innovative concepts are hypothesized, and opportunities to leverage the knowledge from ICI-therapy for pioneering approaches in related scientific domains can be derived from the latest scientific projects. Cardiotoxicity from ICI therapy is a paramount challenge for cardio-oncology. Understanding the underlying effects builds the foundation for tailored cardioprotective approaches in the growing collective at risk for severe cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Michel
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
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Bernasconi R, Kuster GM. Non-coding RNAs and their potential exploitation in cancer therapy-related cardiotoxicity. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38802331 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy in cancer patients has been extended in recent years, thanks to major breakthroughs in therapeutic developments. However, this also unmasked an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in cancer survivors, which is in part attributable to cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have received much appreciation due to their impact on gene expression. NcRNAs, which include microRNAs, long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, are non-protein-coding transcripts that are involved in the regulation of various biological processes, hence shaping cell identity and behaviour. They have also been implicated in disease development, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and, more recently, cancer therapy-associated cardiotoxicity. This review outlines key features of cancer therapy-associated cardiotoxicity, what is known about the roles of ncRNAs in these processes and how ncRNAs could be exploited as therapeutic targets for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bernasconi
- Myocardial Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Kuster
- Myocardial Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Shen J, Gong L, Sun Y, Lin J, Hu W, Wei J, Miao X, Gao T, Suo J, Xu J, Chai Y, Bao B, Qian Y, Zheng X. Semaphorin3C identified as mediator of neuroinflammation and microglia polarization after spinal cord injury. iScience 2024; 27:109649. [PMID: 38638567 PMCID: PMC11025009 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major hurdle during nerve repair. Although proinflammatory macrophage/microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays important roles, the underlying mechanism that triggers neuroinflammation and aggravating factors remain unclear. The present study identified a proinflammatory role of semaphorin3C (SEMA3C) in immunoregulation after SCI. SEMA3C expression level peaked 7 days post-injury (dpi) and decreased by 14 dpi. In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that macrophages/microglia expressed SEMA3C in the local microenvironment, which induced neuroinflammation and conversion of proinflammatory macrophage/microglia. Mechanistic experiments revealed that RAGE/NF-κB was downstream target of SEMA3C. Inhibiting SEMA3C-mediated RAGE signaling considerably suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production, reversed polarization of macrophages/microglia shortly after SCI. In addition, inhibition of SEMA3C-mediated RAGE signaling suggested that the SEMA3C/RAGE axis is a feasible target to preserve axons from neuroinflammation. Taken together, our study provides the first experimental evidence of an immunoregulatory role for SEMA3C in SCI via an autocrine mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Liangzhi Gong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Junqing Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jiabao Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xin Miao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Suo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Bingbo Bao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xianyou Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Cao C, Wu R, Wang S, Zhuang L, Chen P, Li S, Zhu Q, Li H, Lin Y, Li M, Cao L, Chen J. Elucidating the changes in the heterogeneity and function of radiation-induced cardiac macrophages using single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363278. [PMID: 38601160 PMCID: PMC11004337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose A mouse model of irradiation (IR)-induced heart injury was established to investigate the early changes in cardiac function after radiation and the role of cardiac macrophages in this process. Methods Cardiac function was evaluated by heart-to-tibia ratio, lung-to-heart ratio and echocardiography. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate the changes of macrophages in the heart. Immune cells from heart tissues were sorted by magnetic beads for single-cell RNA sequencing, and the subsets of macrophages were identified and analyzed. Trajectory analysis was used to explore the differentiation relationship of each macrophage subset. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared, and the related enriched pathways were identified. Single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering (SCENIC) analysis was performed to identify the potential transcription factors (TFs) which participated in this process. Results Cardiac function temporarily decreased on Day 7 and returned to normal level on Day 35, accompanied by macrophages decreased and increased respectively. Then, we identified 7 clusters of macrophages by single-cell RNA sequencing and found two kinds of stage specific macrophages: senescence-associated macrophage (Cdkn1ahighC5ar1high) on Day 7 and interferon-associated macrophage (Ccr2highIsg15high) on Day 35. Moreover, we observed cardiac macrophages polarized over these two-time points based on M1/M2 and CCR2/major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) expression. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses suggested that macrophages on Day 7 were characterized by an inflammatory senescent phenotype with enhanced chemotaxis and inflammatory factors, while macrophages on Day 35 showed enhanced phagocytosis with reduced inflammation, which was associated with interferon-related pathways. SCENIC analysis showed AP-1 family members were associated with IR-induced macrophages changes. Conclusion We are the first study to characterize the diversity, features, and evolution of macrophages during the early stages in an IR-induced cardiac injury animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Shubei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfang Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peizhan Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton-therapy, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zabeti Touchaei A, Vahidi S. MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:102. [PMID: 38462628 PMCID: PMC10926683 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of the immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Two key ICIs target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset of patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in modulating immune checkpoints, including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. This review summarizes the latest advancements in immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints and the regulatory role of miRNAs in modulating these pathways. Consequently, understanding the complex interplay between miRNAs and immune checkpoints is essential for developing more effective and personalized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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11
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García-Giménez JL, Saadi W, Ortega AL, Lahoz A, Suay G, Carretero J, Pereda J, Fatmi A, Pallardó FV, Mena-Molla S. miRNAs Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1737. [PMID: 38339019 PMCID: PMC10855819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has represented a breakthrough in the treatment of many cancers, although a high number of patients fail to respond to ICIs, which is partially due to the ability of tumor cells to evade immune system surveillance. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to modulate the immune evasion of tumor cells, and there is thus growing interest in elucidating whether these miRNAs could be targetable or proposed as novel biomarkers for prognosis and treatment response to ICIs. We therefore performed an extensive literature analysis to evaluate the clinical utility of miRNAs with a confirmed direct relationship with treatment response to ICIs. As a result of this systematic review, we have stratified the miRNA landscape into (i) miRNAs whose levels directly modulate response to ICIs, (ii) miRNAs whose expression is modulated by ICIs, and (iii) miRNAs that directly elicit toxic effects or participate in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García-Giménez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria;
| | - Angel L. Ortega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Agustin Lahoz
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Suay
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julián Carretero
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Pereda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Ahlam Fatmi
- Department of Microbiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of M’sila, M’sila 28000, Algeria;
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Molla
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
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Chan A, Torelli S, Cheng E, Batchelder R, Waliany S, Neal J, Witteles R, Nguyen P, Cheng P, Zhu H. Immunotherapy-Associated Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Findings and Implications for Future Research. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2023; 25:715-735. [PMID: 38213548 PMCID: PMC10776491 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-023-01024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of the Review Even as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the lifespan of many patients, they may also trigger acceleration of long-term cardiovascular disease. Our review aims to examine the current landscape of research on ICI-mediated atherosclerosis and address key questions regarding its pathogenesis and impact on patient management. Recent Findings Preclinical mouse models suggest that T cell dysregulation and proatherogenic cytokine production are key contributors to plaque development after checkpoint inhibition. Clinical data also highlight the significant burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients on immunotherapy, although the value of proactively preventing and treating ASCVD in this population remains an open area of inquiry. Current treatment options include dietary/lifestyle modification and traditional medications to manage hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes risk factors; no current targeted therapies exist. Summary Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for effective preventive strategies and timely intervention. Future research should focus on refining screening tools, elucidating targetable mechanisms driving ICI atherosclerosis, and evaluating long-term cardiovascular outcomes in cancer survivors who received immunotherapy. Moreover, close collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists is essential to optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Chan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Stefan Torelli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Evaline Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Ryan Batchelder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Sarah Waliany
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Joel Neal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Ronald Witteles
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Patricia Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Paul Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
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13
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Luo Y, Zeng Z, Liu Y, Liu A. Reflecting on the cardiac toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189008. [PMID: 37913939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a widely used treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the combination with traditional radiotherapy (RT) has shown significant potential in prolonging patient survival. However, both thoracic RT and ICIs can lead to cardiac toxicity, including radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) and immunotherapy-related heart damage (IRHD). It still remains uncertain whether the combination of thoracic RT and immunotherapy will exacerbate acute or late cardiovascular (CV) toxicity and incidence. In this review, we summarize safety data from relevant clinical studies regarding CV toxicity for the combination therapy in NSCLC patients, explore the underlying synergetic mechanisms and common risk factors, and proposed treatment and management strategies. We hope to increase emphasis on the long-term assessment of CV toxicity risks associated with the combination therapy, and reduce the incidence of CV deaths resulting from such regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Radiation Induced Heart Damage Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhimin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Radiation Induced Heart Damage Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Radiation Induced Heart Damage Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Anwen Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China; Radiation Induced Heart Damage Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, China.
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14
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Hiraiwa H, Morimoto R, Tsuyuki Y, Ushida K, Ito R, Kazama S, Kimura Y, Araki T, Mizutani T, Oishi H, Kuwayama T, Kondo T, Okumura T, Murohara T. The Balance of CD8-Positive T Cells and PD-L1 Expression in the Myocardium Predicts Prognosis in Lymphocytic Fulminant Myocarditis. Cardiology 2023; 149:28-39. [PMID: 37827123 PMCID: PMC10836849 DOI: 10.1159/000534518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical significance and prognostic value of T cell involvement and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have not been established in lymphocytic fulminant myocarditis (FM). We investigated the prognostic impact of the number of CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+, and PD-1+ T cells, as well as PD-L1 expression, in cardiomyocytes in lymphocytic FM. METHODS This is a single-center observational cohort study. Myocardial tissue was obtained from 16 consecutive patients at lymphocytic FM onset. The median follow-up was 140 days. Cardiac events were defined as a composite of cardiac death and left ventricular-assist device implantation. CD4, CD8, FoxP3, PD-1, and PD-L1 immunostaining were performed on myocardial specimens. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 52 years (seven men and nine women). There was no significant difference in the number of CD4+ cells. The number of CD8+ cells and the CD8+/CD4+ T cell ratio were higher in the cardiac event group (Event+) than in the group without cardiac events (Event-) (p = 0.048 and p = 0.022, respectively). The number of FoxP3+ T cells was higher in the Event+ group (p = 0.049). Although there was no difference in the number of PD-1+ cells, cardiomyocyte PD-L1 expression was higher in the Event+ group (p = 0.112). Event-free survival was worse in the group with a high CD8+ cell count (p = 0.012) and high PD-L1 expression (p = 0.049). When divided into three groups based on the number of CD8+ cells and PD-L1 expression (CD8highPD-L1high [n = 8], CD8lowPD-L1high [n = 1], and CD8lowPD-L1low [n = 7]), the CD8highPD-L1high group demonstrated the worst event-free survival, while the CD8lowPD-L1high group had a favorable prognosis without cardiac events (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION High myocardial expression of CD8+ T cells and PD-L1 may predict a poor prognosis in lymphocytic FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hiraiwa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryota Morimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsuyuki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Clinical Pathology, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kaori Ushida
- Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryota Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Kazama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Araki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizutani
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideo Oishi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tasuku Kuwayama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Banerjee A, Narasimhulu CA, Singla DK. Immune interactions in pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) cancer therapy and cardiovascular complications. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H751-H767. [PMID: 37594487 PMCID: PMC10659324 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of immunotherapies like pembrolizumab (PEM) is increasingly common for the management of numerous cancer types. The use of PEM to bolster T-cell response against tumor growth is well documented. However, the interactions PEM has on other immune cells to facilitate tumor regression and clearance is unknown and warrants further investigation. In this review, we present literature findings that have reported the interactions of PEM in stimulating innate and adaptive immune cells, which enhance cytotoxic phenotypes. This triggers secretion of cytokines and chemokines, which have both beneficial and detrimental effects. We also describe how this leads to the development of rare but underreported occurrence of PEM-induced immune-related cardiovascular complications that arise suddenly and progress rapidly to debilitating and fatal consequences. This review encourages further research and investigation of PEM-induced cardiovascular complications and other immune cell interactions in patients with cancer. As PEM therapy in treating cancer types is expanding, we expect that this review will inform health care professionals of diverse specializations of medicine like dermatology (melanoma skin cancers), ophthalmology (eye cancers), and pathology (hematological malignancies) about PEM-induced cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Banerjee
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
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16
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Tamura T, Cheng C, Chen W, Merriam LT, Athar H, Kim YH, Manandhar R, Amir Sheikh MD, Pinilla-Vera M, Varon J, Hou PC, Lawler PR, Oldham WM, Seethala RR, Tesfaigzi Y, Weissman AJ, Baron RM, Ichinose F, Berg KM, Bohula EA, Morrow DA, Chen X, Kim EY. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal a hyperacute cytokine and immune checkpoint axis after cardiac arrest in patients with poor neurological outcome. MED 2023; 4:432-456.e6. [PMID: 37257452 PMCID: PMC10524451 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients hospitalized after cardiac arrest (CA) die because of neurological injury. The systemic inflammatory response after CA is associated with neurological injury and mortality but remains poorly defined. METHODS We determine the innate immune network induced by clinical CA at single-cell resolution. FINDINGS Immune cell states diverge as early as 6 h post-CA between patients with good or poor neurological outcomes 30 days after CA. Nectin-2+ monocyte and Tim-3+ natural killer (NK) cell subpopulations are associated with poor outcomes, and interactome analysis highlights their crosstalk via cytokines and immune checkpoints. Ex vivo studies of peripheral blood cells from CA patients demonstrate that immune checkpoints are a compensatory mechanism against inflammation after CA. Interferon γ (IFNγ)/interleukin-10 (IL-10) induced Nectin-2 on monocytes; in a negative feedback loop, Nectin-2 suppresses IFNγ production by NK cells. CONCLUSIONS The initial hours after CA may represent a window for therapeutic intervention in the resolution of inflammation via immune checkpoints. FUNDING This work was supported by funding from the American Heart Association, Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Medicine, the Evergreen Innovation Fund, and the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Tamura
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Changde Cheng
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Wenan Chen
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Louis T Merriam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Humra Athar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yaunghyun H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Reshmi Manandhar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Muhammad Dawood Amir Sheikh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mayra Pinilla-Vera
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jack Varon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter C Hou
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick R Lawler
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada; McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - William M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raghu R Seethala
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexandra J Weissman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Katherine M Berg
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Erin A Bohula
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Morrow
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Edy Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Wu Y, Xu Y, Xu L. Drug therapy for myocarditis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1161243. [PMID: 37305530 PMCID: PMC10248045 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1161243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand 1 (PD-L1), have improved the survival in multiple types of cancers; however, ICIs may cause cardiovascular toxicity. Although rare, ICI-mediated cardiotoxicity is an extremely serious complication with a relatively high mortality. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanism and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular toxicity induced by ICIs. According to previous studies, multiple signaling pathways are involved in myocarditis induced by ICIs. Further, we summarize the clinical trials of drugs for the treatment of ICI-associated myocarditis. Although these drugs have shown the beneficial effects of alleviating cardiac function and reducing mortality rates, their efficacy is not optimal. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of some novel compounds as well as the underlying mechanisms of their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Zeng L, Zhu Y, Moreno CS, Wan Y. New insights into KLFs and SOXs in cancer pathogenesis, stemness, and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 90:29-44. [PMID: 36806560 PMCID: PMC10023514 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of cancer therapies, the success of most treatments has been impeded by drug resistance. The crucial role of tumor cell plasticity has emerged recently in cancer progression, cancer stemness and eventually drug resistance. Cell plasticity drives tumor cells to reversibly convert their cell identity, analogous to differentiation and dedifferentiation, to adapt to drug treatment. This phenotypical switch is driven by alteration of the transcriptome. Several pluripotent factors from the KLF and SOX families are closely associated with cancer pathogenesis and have been revealed to regulate tumor cell plasticity. In this review, we particularly summarize recent studies about KLF4, KLF5 and SOX factors in cancer development and evolution, focusing on their roles in cancer initiation, invasion, tumor hierarchy and heterogeneity, and lineage plasticity. In addition, we discuss the various regulation of these transcription factors and related cutting-edge drug development approaches that could be used to drug "undruggable" transcription factors, such as PROTAC and PPI targeting, for targeted cancer therapy. Advanced knowledge could pave the way for the development of novel drugs that target transcriptional regulation and could improve the outcome of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Hematology and oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Yueming Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Hematology and oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carlos S Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Hematology and oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
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19
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Wang K, Xiong J, Lu Y, Wang L, Tian T. SENP1-KLF4 signalling regulates LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization. FEBS J 2023; 290:209-224. [PMID: 35942612 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are very important immune cells and play critical roles in tumour immunity. Macrophage subtypes can be divided into classical polarization (M1 macrophages) and alternative polarization (M2 macrophages) under different microenvironments. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an essential transcription factor for macrophage polarization. Our previous study has shown that KLF4 SUMOylation plays an important role in macrophage M2 polarization. In the present study, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) specific peptidase (SENP)1 was identified as a specific protease for KLF4 de-SUMOylation, with the SENP1-KLF4 axis playing a vital role in M1 macrophage polarization by affecting the nuclear factor kappa B signalling pathway. Additionally, the activity of tumour cells was weakened by KLF4 SUMOylation deficient macrophages. Hence, the SENP1-KLF4 axis is considered to play a crucial role in regulating lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage M1 polarization, thereby affecting the activity of tumour cells. Therefore, the SENP1-KLF4 axis has therapeutic potential as a target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Yu W, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen H, Nie H, Liu L, Zou X, Gong Q, Zheng B. MicroRNA: role in macrophage polarization and the pathogenesis of the liver fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147710. [PMID: 37138859 PMCID: PMC10149999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as central components of innate immunity, feature significant heterogeneity. Numerus studies have revealed the pivotal roles of macrophages in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis induced by various factors. Hepatic macrophages function to trigger inflammation in response to injury. They induce liver fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and then inflammation and fibrosis are alleviated by the degradation of the extracellular matrix and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that regulate gene expression through translation repression or mRNA degradation, have distinct roles in modulating macrophage activation, polarization, tissue infiltration, and inflammation regression. Considering the complex etiology and pathogenesis of liver diseases, the role and mechanism of miRNAs and macrophages in liver fibrosis need to be further clarified. We first summarized the origin, phenotypes and functions of hepatic macrophages, then clarified the role of miRNAs in the polarization of macrophages. Finally, we comprehensively discussed the role of miRNAs and macrophages in the pathogenesis of liver fibrotic disease. Understanding the mechanism of hepatic macrophage heterogeneity in various types of liver fibrosis and the role of miRNAs on macrophage polarization provides a useful reference for further research on miRNA-mediated macrophage polarization in liver fibrosis, and also contributes to the development of new therapies targeting miRNA and macrophage subsets for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Zou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
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21
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Efentakis P, Andreadou I, Iliodromitis KE, Triposkiadis F, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R, Iliodromitis EK. Myocardial Protection and Current Cancer Therapy: Two Opposite Targets with Inevitable Cost. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214121. [PMID: 36430599 PMCID: PMC9696420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is mediated by various ligands, activating different cellular signaling cascades. These include classical cytosolic mediators such as cyclic-GMP (c-GMP), various kinases such as Phosphatydilinositol-3- (PI3K), Protein Kinase B (Akt), Mitogen-Activated-Protein- (MAPK) and AMP-activated (AMPK) kinases, transcription factors such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and bioactive molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Most of the aforementioned signaling molecules constitute targets of anticancer therapy; as they are also involved in carcinogenesis, most of the current anti-neoplastic drugs lead to concomitant weakening or even complete abrogation of myocardial cell tolerance to ischemic or oxidative stress. Furthermore, many anti-neoplastic drugs may directly induce cardiotoxicity via their pharmacological effects, or indirectly via their cardiovascular side effects. The combination of direct drug cardiotoxicity, indirect cardiovascular side effects and neutralization of the cardioprotective defense mechanisms of the heart by prolonged cancer treatment may induce long-term ventricular dysfunction, or even clinically manifested heart failure. We present a narrative review of three therapeutic interventions, namely VEGF, proteasome and Immune Checkpoint inhibitors, having opposing effects on the same intracellular signal cascades thereby affecting the heart. Moreover, we herein comment on the current guidelines for managing cardiotoxicity in the clinical setting and on the role of cardiovascular confounders in cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Efentakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-727-4827; Fax: +30-210-727-4747
| | | | | | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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22
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Ding H, Chen C, Zhang T, Chen L, Chen W, Ling X, Zhang G, Wang J, Xie K, Dai G. Identification of miRNA-mRNA Networks Associated with Pigeon Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192509. [PMID: 36230252 PMCID: PMC9558527 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of skeletal muscle determine the productivity of pigeon meat production, and miRNA plays an important role in the growth and development of this type of muscle. However, there are few reports regarding miRNA regulating the growth and development of skeletal muscle in pigeons. To explore the function of miRNA in regulating the growth and development of pigeon skeletal muscle, we used RNA sequencing technology to study the transcriptome of pigeons at two embryonic stages (E8 and E13) and two growth stages (D1 and D10). A total of 32,527 mRNAs were identified in pigeon skeletal muscles, including 14,378 novel mRNAs and 18,149 known mRNAs. A total of 2362 miRNAs were identified, including 1758 known miRNAs and 624 novel miRNAs. In total, 839 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and 11,311 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) were identified. STEM clustering analysis assigned DEmiRNAs to 20 profiles, of which 7 were significantly enriched (p-value < 0.05). These seven significantly enriched profiles can be classified into two categories. The first category represents DEmiRNAs continuously downregulated from the developmental stage to the growth stage of pigeon skeletal muscle, and the second category represents DEmiRNAs with low expression at the development and early growth stage, and significant upregulation at the high growth stage. We then constructed an miRNA−mRNA network based on target relationships between DEmiRNAs and DEGs belonging to the seven significantly enriched profiles. Based on the connectivity degree, 20 hub miRNAs responsible for pigeon skeletal muscle development and growth were identified, including cli-miR-20b-5p, miR-130-y, cli-miR-106-5p, cli-miR-181b-5p, miR-1-z, cli-miR-1a-3p, miR-23-y, cli-miR-30d-5p, miR-1-y, etc. The hub miRNAs involved in the miRNA−mRNA regulatory networks and their expression patterns during the development and growth of pigeon skeletal muscle were visualized. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis found potential biological processes and pathways related to muscle growth and development. Our findings expand the knowledge of miRNA expression in pigeons and provide a database for further investigation of the miRNA−mRNA regulatory mechanism underlying pigeon skeletal muscle development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Can Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Xuanze Ling
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Guojun Dai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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23
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Cozma A, Sporis ND, Lazar AL, Buruiana A, Ganea AM, Malinescu TV, Berechet BM, Fodor A, Sitar-Taut AV, Vlad VC, Negrean V, Orasan OH. Cardiac Toxicity Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810948. [PMID: 36142866 PMCID: PMC9502843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an important advancement in the field of cancer treatment, significantly improving the survival of patients with a series of advanced malignancies, like melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and Hodgkin lymphoma. ICIs act upon T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells, targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), breaking the immune tolerance of the T cells against malignant cells and enhancing the body's own immune response. A variety of cardiac-adverse effects are associated with ICI-based treatment, including pericarditis, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, and acute coronary syndrome, with myocarditis being the most studied due to its often-unexpected onset and severity. Overall, Myocarditis is rare but presents an immune-related adverse event (irAE) that has a high fatality rate. Considering the rising number of oncological patients treated with ICIs and the severity of their potential adverse effects, a good understanding and continuous investigation of cardiac irAEs is of the utmost importance. This systematic review aimed to revise recent publications (between 2016-2022) on ICI-induced cardiac toxicities and highlight the therapeutical approach and evolution in the selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cozma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicolae Dan Sporis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Buruiana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Andreea Maria Ganea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Toma Vlad Malinescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Mihaela Berechet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Fodor
- Clinical Centre of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela Viviana Sitar-Taut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Calin Vlad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Negrean
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Irabor OC, Nelson N, Shah Y, Niazi MK, Poiset S, Storozynsky E, Singla DK, Hooper DC, Lu B. Overcoming the cardiac toxicities of cancer therapy immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:940127. [PMID: 36185227 PMCID: PMC9523689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.940127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led recent advances in the field of cancer immunotherapy improving overall survival in multiple malignancies with abysmal prognoses prior to their introduction. The remarkable efficacy of ICIs is however limited by their potential for systemic and organ specific immune-related adverse events (irAEs), most of which present with mild to moderate symptoms that can resolve spontaneously, with discontinuation of therapy or glucocorticoid therapy. Cardiac irAEs however are potentially fatal. The understanding of autoimmune cardiotoxicity remains limited due to its rareness. In this paper, we provide an updated review of the literature on the pathologic mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of autoimmune cardiotoxicity resulting from ICIs and their combinations and provide perspective on potential strategies and ongoing research developments to prevent and mitigate their occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omoruyi Credit Irabor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Omoruyi Credit Irabor,
| | - Nicolas Nelson
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College (SKMC), Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yash Shah
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College (SKMC), Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Muneeb Khan Niazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Spencer Poiset
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Eugene Storozynsky
- Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dinender K. Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Douglas Craig Hooper
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College (SKMC), Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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25
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Dong R, Yan Y, Zeng X, Lin N, Tan B. Ibrutinib-Associated Cardiotoxicity: From the Pharmaceutical to the Clinical. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3225-3239. [PMID: 36164415 PMCID: PMC9508996 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s377697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib is the first-in-class Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that has revolutionized the treatment of B cell malignancies. Unfortunately, increased incidences of cardiotoxicity have limited its use. Despite over a decade of research, the biological mechanisms underlying ibrutinib cardiotoxicity remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the pharmacological properties of ibrutinib, the incidence and mechanisms of ibrutinib-induced cardiotoxicity, and practical management to prevent and treat this condition. We also synopsize and discuss the cardiovascular adverse effects related to other more selective BTK inhibitors, which may guide the selection of appropriate BTK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youyou Yan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31006, People’s Republic of China
- Nengming Lin, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Room 903, No. 7 Building, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-571-56005600, Email
| | - Biqin Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Biqin Tan, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Room 207, No. 5 Building, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-56007824, Fax +86-571-56005600, Email
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26
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Xu D. New insights into macrophage subsets in atherosclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1239-1251. [PMID: 35930063 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages in atherosclerotic patients are notably plastic and heterogeneous. Single-cell RNA sequencing (Sc RNA-seq) can provide information about all the RNAs in individual cells, and it is used to identify cell subpopulations in atherosclerosis (AS) and reveal the heterogeneity of these cells. Recently, some findings from Sc RNA-seq experiments have suggested the existence of multiple macrophage subsets in atherosclerotic plaque lesions, and these subsets exhibit significant differences in their gene expression levels and functions. These cells affect various aspects of plaque lesion development, stabilization, and regression, as well as plaque rupture. This article aims to review the content and results of current studies that used RNA-seq to explore the different types of macrophages in AS and the related molecular mechanisms as well as to identify the potential roles of these macrophage types in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques. Also, this review listed some new therapeutic targets for delaying atherosclerotic lesion progression and treatment based on the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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27
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Michel L, Korste S, Spomer A, Hendgen-Cotta UB, Rassaf T, Totzeck M. PD1 Deficiency Modifies Cardiac Immunity during Baseline Conditions and in Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147533. [PMID: 35886878 PMCID: PMC9321105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) immune checkpoint prevents inflammatory tissue damage by inhibiting immune reactions. Understanding the relevance of cardiac PD1 signaling may provide new insights into the inflammatory events under baseline conditions and disease. Here, we demonstrate distinct immunological changes upon PD1 deficiency in healthy hearts and during reperfused acute myocardial infarction (repAMI). In PD1-deficient mice, upregulated inflammatory cytokines were identified under baseline conditions including cardiac interleukins and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). A murine in vivo repAMI model to determine inflammatory changes in the early phase showed downregulation of the ligand PDL1, paralleled by an endothelial injury, indicated by loss of the CD31 signal. Immunofluorescence imaging showed decreased PDL1 expression specifically in the infarct zone, highlighting an involvement in PDL1 in myocardial injury response. Pharmacological depletion of PD1 prior to repAMI did not alter the area of infarction but led to increased numbers of CD8+ T cells in treated mice. We conclude that PD1/PDL1 signaling plays a significant role in healthy hearts and repAMI, emphasizing the relevance of adaptive immunity during myocardial injury. The findings highlight the risk for adverse outcomes from acute myocardial infarction in the growing group of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Lee SY, Fierro J, Dipasquale J, Bastian A, Tran AM, Hong D, Chin B, Nguyen-Lee PJ, Mazal S, Espinal J, Thomas T, Dou H. Engineering Human Circulating Monocytes/Macrophages by Systemic Deliverable Gene Editing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:754557. [PMID: 35663976 PMCID: PMC9159279 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.754557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of plasmid DNA to transfect human primary macrophages is extremely difficult, especially for genetic engineering. Engineering macrophages is imperative for the treatment of many diseases including infectious diseases, cancer, neurological diseases, and aging. Unfortunately, plasmid does not cross the nuclear membranes of terminally differentiated macrophages to integrate the plasmid DNA (pDNA) into their genome. To address this issue, we have developed a core-shell nanoparticle (NP) using our newly created cationic lipid to deliver the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 pDNA (IL-4pDNA-NPs). Human blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were effectively transfected with IL-4pDNA-NPs. IL-4pDNA-NPs were internalized in MDM within 30 minutes and delivered into the nucleus within 2 hours. Exogenous IL-4 expression was detected within 1 - 2 days and continued up to 30 days. Functional IL-4 expression led to M2 macrophage polarization in vitro and in an in vivo mouse model of inflammation. These data suggest that these NPs can protect pDNA from degradation by nucleases once inside the cell, and can transport pDNA into the nucleus to enhance gene delivery in macrophages in vitro and in vivo. In this research, we developed a new method to deliver plasmids into the nucleus of monocytes and macrophages for gene-editing. Introducing IL-4 pDNA into macrophages provides a new gene therapy solution for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Lee
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Javier Fierro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jake Dipasquale
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Anthony Bastian
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - An M Tran
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Deawoo Hong
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate School, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Brandon Chin
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate School, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Paul J Nguyen-Lee
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Sarah Mazal
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jamil Espinal
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate School, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Tima Thomas
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Huanyu Dou
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine of Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate School, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
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Dong H, Qi Y, Kong X, Wang Z, Fang Y, Wang J. PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor-Associated Myocarditis: Epidemiology, Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Potential Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:835510. [PMID: 35517794 PMCID: PMC9062035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.835510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) induce T-cell activation against cancer cells, and due to their anti-tumor function in multiple cancers, ICIs have been considered an important option for oncotherapy. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are now widely used as ICIs for many types of cancers in clinical practices. Myocarditis induced by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is uncommon but shows potentially fatal toxicity. In this review, we attempted to conclude the incidence, characteristics, diagnosis, and treatments, as well as illustrate the potential pathogenesis from the perspectives of T-lymphocyte infiltration, disturbance of regulatory T cells, cytokines, macrophage-mediated inflammatory response, and synergistic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yihang Qi
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhongzhao Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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30
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Wen Z, Lin S, Li C, Ouyang Z, Chen Z, Li S, Huang Y, Luo W, Zheng Z, Guo P, Kuang M, Ding Y. MiR-92a/KLF4/p110δ regulates titanium particles-induced macrophages inflammation and osteolysis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:197. [PMID: 35418181 PMCID: PMC9007998 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As total joint replacement is widely applied for severe arthropathy, peri-prosthetic aseptic loosening as one of the main causes of implant failure has drawn wide attention. Wear particles such as titanium particles (TiPs) derived from prosthesis can initiate macrophages inflammation and sequentially activate osteoclasts, which results in bone resorption and osteolysis for long-term. Therefore, inhibiting wear particles induced macrophages inflammation is considered as a promising therapy for AL. In this research, we found that the inhibition of p110δ, a member of class IA PI3Ks family, could significantly dampen the TiPs-induced secretion of TNFα and IL-6. By the transfection of siRNA targeting p110δ, we confirmed that p110δ was responsible for TNFα and IL-6 trafficking out of Golgi complex without affecting their expression in TiPs-treated macrophages. As the upstream transcription-repressor of p110δ, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), targeted by miR-92a, could also attenuate TiPs-induced inflammation by mediating NF-κB pathway and M1/M2 polarization. To further ascertain the roles of KLF4/p110δ, TiPs-induced mice cranial osteolysis model was established and vivo experiments validated that KLF4-knockdown could exacerbate TiPs-induced osteolysis, which was strikingly ameliorated by knockdown of p110δ. In summary, our study suggests the key role of miR-92a/KLF4/p110δ signal in TiPs-induced macrophages inflammation and osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkang Wen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sipeng Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuji Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongcan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peidong Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manyuan Kuang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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31
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PD-1 inhibitor causes pathological injury to multiple organs in a Lewis lung cancer mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kurozumi A, Sakamoto K, Nakagawa T, Matsunaga F, Shimomura A, Shimizu C, Hara H, Hiroi Y. Atherosclerotic Progression Is Related to Immune-Related Adverse Events. Int Heart J 2022; 63:293-298. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsumasa Kurozumi
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Kayo Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Physics and Technology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Futoshi Matsunaga
- Department of Radiation Physics and Technology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Akihiko Shimomura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Chikako Shimizu
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Hisao Hara
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Yukio Hiroi
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
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33
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Hua CC, Liu XM, Liang LR, Wang LF, Zhong JC. Targeting the microRNA-34a as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:784044. [PMID: 35155600 PMCID: PMC8828972 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.784044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and include a group of disorders varying from vasculature, myocardium, arrhythmias and cardiac development. MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs with 18–23 nucleotides that regulate gene expression. The miR-34 family, including miR-34a/b/c, plays a vital role in the regulation of myocardial physiology and pathophysiological processes. Recently, miR-34a has been implicated in cardiovascular fibrosis, dysfunction and related cardiovascular disorders as an essential regulator. Interestingly, there is a pivotal link among miR-34a, cardiovascular fibrosis, and Smad4/TGF-β1 signaling. Notably, both loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches identified the critical roles of miR-34a in cardiovascular apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, senescence and remodeling by modulating multifunctional signaling pathways. In this article, we focus on the current understanding of miR-34a in biogenesis, its biological effects and its implications for cardiac pathologies including myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischaemia reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Thus, further understanding of the effects of miR-34a on cardiovascular diseases will aid the development of effective interventions. Targeting for miR-34a has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular dysfunction and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-Cun Hua
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ming Liu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Rong Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Tobacco Dependence Treatment Research, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Le-Feng Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiu-Chang Zhong
| | - Jiu-Chang Zhong
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Tobacco Dependence Treatment Research, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Le-Feng Wang
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34
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Xiao H, Wang X, Li S, Liu Y, Cui Y, Deng X. Advances in Biomarkers for Detecting Early Cancer Treatment-Related Cardiac Dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:753313. [PMID: 34859069 PMCID: PMC8631401 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the gradual prolongation of the overall survival of cancer patients, the cardiovascular toxicity associated with oncology drug therapy and radiotherapy has attracted increasing attention. At present, the main methods to identify early cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) include imaging examination and blood biomarkers. In this review, we will summarize the research progress of subclinical CTRCD-related blood biomarkers in detail. At present, common tumor therapies that cause CTRCD include: (1) Chemotherapy—The CTRCD induced by chemotherapy drugs represented by anthracycline showed a dose-dependent characteristic and most of the myocardial damage is irreversible. (2) Targeted therapy—Cardiovascular injury caused by molecular-targeted therapy drugs such as trastuzumab can be partially or completely alleviated via timely intervention. (3) Immunotherapy—Patients developed severe left ventricular dysfunction who received immune checkpoint inhibitors have been reported. (4) Radiotherapy—CTRCD induced by radiotherapy has been shown to be significantly associated with cardiac radiation dose and radiation volume. Numerous reports have shown that elevated troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide after cancer treatment are significantly associated with heart failure and asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. In recent years, a few emerging subclinical CTRCD potential biomarkers have attracted attention. C-reactive protein and ST2 have been shown to be associated with CTRCD after chemotherapy and radiation. Galectin-3, myeloperoxidas, placental growth factor, growth differentiation factor 15 and microRNAs have potential value in predicting CTRCD. In this review, we will summarize CTRCD caused by various tumor therapies from the perspective of cardio-oncology, and focus on the latest research progress of subclinical CTRCD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Heart Failure and Structural Cardiology Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yijie Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoqin Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Wang JH, Zeng Z, Sun J, Chen Y, Gao X. A novel small-molecule antagonist enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to cabozantinib in vitro and in vivo by targeting DNMT-1 correlated with disease severity in human patients. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105869. [PMID: 34481973 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advanced osteosarcoma (OSA) is highly aggressive and can lead to distant metastasis or recurrence. Here, a novel small-molecule inhibitor/antagonist of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT-1) named DI-1 (inhibitor of DNMT-1) was explored to enhance the antitumor effect of a molecular-targeted agent, cabozantinib, on OSA cell lines. In patients with OSA, expression of DNMT-1 was negatively related with that of microRNA (miR)-34a and associated with a poor prognosis. In OSA cell lines (OSA cell line U2OS and an OSA cell line U2OSR resistance to cabozantinib), DI-1 treatment enhanced miR-34a expression by inhibiting hypermethylation of the promoter region of miR-34a mediated by DNMT-1. DI-1 enhanced the sensitivity of OSA cells (U2OS, 143B and MG63) to cabozantinib and other molecular-targeted agents by enhancing miR-34a expression and repressing activation of the Notch pathway. Mechanistically, DI-1 repressed recruitment of DNMT-1 to the promoter region of miR-34a and, in turn, decreased the methylation rate in the promoter region of miR-34a in OSA cells. These results suggest that repressing DNMT-1 activation by DI-1 enhances miR-34a expression in OSA cells and could be a promising therapeutic strategy for OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China.
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
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36
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Nishi M, Wang PY, Hwang PM. Cardiotoxicity of Cancer Treatments: Focus on Anthracycline Cardiomyopathy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2648-2660. [PMID: 34587760 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in developing new treatments and refining the use of preexisting ones against cancer. Their successful use and the longer survival of cancer patients have been associated with reports of new cardiotoxicities and the better characterization of the previously known cardiac complications. Immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies against specific cancer-promoting genes, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been developed to fight cancer cells, but they can also show off-target effects on the heart. Some of these cardiotoxicities are thought to be due to nonspecific immune activation and inflammatory damage. Unlike immunotherapy-associated cardiotoxicities which are relatively new entities, there is extensive literature on anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Here, we provide a brief overview of the cardiotoxicities of immunotherapies for the purpose of distinguishing them from anthracycline cardiomyopathy. This is especially relevant as the expansion of oncological treatments presents greater diagnostic challenges in determining the cause of cardiac dysfunction in cancer survivors with a history of multiple cancer treatments including anthracyclines and immunotherapies administered concurrently or serially over time. We then provide a focused review of the mechanisms proposed to underlie the development of anthracycline cardiomyopathy based on experimental data mostly in mouse models. Insights into its pathogenesis may stimulate the development of new strategies to identify patients who are susceptible to anthracycline cardiomyopathy while permitting low cardiac risk patients to receive optimal treatment for their cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nishi
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ping-Yuan Wang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Paul M Hwang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Zeng Z, Liu A. [Research Progress of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated Myocarditis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:668-672. [PMID: 34521189 PMCID: PMC8503978 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.102.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs)是一种负性调节因子抗体,激活T细胞发挥免疫治疗抗肿瘤作用的同时,也可引起免疫相关的不良应答,从而诱导出一系列免疫相关不良反应(immune related adverse events, irAEs)。在这些irAEs中,ICIs相关心肌炎的发病率虽然很低,但致死率却明显高于其他不良反应,接近50%,临床医生应用ICIs时应提高警惕,但目前ICIs相关心肌炎的发病机制仍不明确。本文结合近期ICIs的研究成果对ICIs相关性心肌炎的发生机制及临床表现等方面作一综述,以提高临床医生对该不良反应的认识。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhimin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Anwen Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
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Comparative Transcriptomics of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myocarditis Identifies Guanylate Binding Protein 5 and 6 Dysregulation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102498. [PMID: 34065419 PMCID: PMC8161064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are revolutionizing cancer treatment. Nevertheless, their increasing use leads to an increase of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Among them, ICI-associated myocarditis (ICIM) is a rare irAE with a high mortality rate. We aimed to characterize the transcriptional changes of ICIM myocardial biopsies and their possible implications. Patients suspected for ICIM were assessed in the cardio-oncology units of University Hospitals Heidelberg and Kiel. Via RNA sequencing of myocardial biopsies, we compared transcriptional changes of ICIM (n = 9) with samples from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 11), virus-induced myocarditis (VIM, n = 5), and with samples of patients receiving ICIs without any evidence of myocarditis (n = 4). Patients with ICIM (n = 19) showed an inconsistent clinical presentation, e.g., asymptomatic elevation of cardiac biomarkers (hs-cTnT, NT-proBNP, CK), a drop in left ventricular ejection fraction, or late gadolinium enhancement in cMRI. We found 3784 upregulated genes in ICIM (FDR < 0.05). In the overrepresented pathway 'response to interferon-gamma', we found guanylate binding protein 5 and 6 (compared with VIM: GBP5 (log2 fc 3.21), GBP6 (log2 fc 5.37)) to be significantly increased in ICIM on RNA- and protein-level. We conclude that interferon-gamma and inflammasome-regulating proteins, such as GBP5, may be of unrecognized significance in the pathophysiology of ICIM.
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Li WJ, Wang Y, Liu R, Kasinski AL, Shen H, Slack FJ, Tang DG. MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640587. [PMID: 33763422 PMCID: PMC7982597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess some stem cell traits and properties and are operationally defined as cancer cell stem cells (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in that they may exist in an epithelial and proliferative state or a mesenchymal non-proliferative and invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, and (epi)genetic mutations may also induce plasticity in non-CSCs and reprogram them into stem-like cancer cells. Intrinsic cancer cell heterogeneity and induced cancer cell plasticity, constantly and dynamically, generate a pool of CSC subpopulations with varying levels of epigenomic stability and stemness. Despite the dynamic and transient nature of CSCs, they play fundamental roles in mediating therapy resistance and tumor relapse. It is now clear that the stemness of CSCs is coordinately regulated by genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, in this perspective, we first provide a brief updated overview of CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid in many CSCs and advanced tumors. Being a member of the miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified as a p53 target in 2007. It is a bona fide tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated and downregulated in various human cancers. By targeting stemness factors such as NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, and CD44, miR-34a epigenetically and negatively regulates the functional properties of CSCs. We shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind the failure of the first-in-class clinical trial of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic. Finally, we offer several clinical settings where miR-34a can potentially be deployed to therapeutically target CSCs and advanced, therapy-resistant, and p53-mutant tumors in order to overcome therapy resistance and curb tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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40
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Xu S, Sharma UC, Tuttle C, Pokharel S. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Cardiotoxicity in Pre-clinical Models and Clinical Studies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:619650. [PMID: 33614750 PMCID: PMC7887301 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.619650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) 9 years ago, ICI-therapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. Lately, antibodies blocking the interaction of programmed cell death protein (PD-1) and ligand (PD-L1) are gaining momentum as a cancer treatment, with multiple agents and cancer types being recently approved for treatment by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Unfortunately, immunotherapy often leads to a wide range of immune related adverse events (IRAEs), including several severe cardiac effects and most notably myocarditis. While increased attention has been drawn to these side effects, including publication of multiple clinical observational data, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the event of IRAEs, the most widely utilized clinical solution is administration of high dose corticosteroids and in severe cases, discontinuation of these ICIs. This is detrimental as these therapies are often the last line of treatment options for many types of advanced cancer. In this review, we have systematically described the pathophysiology of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis (including a historical perspective) and cardiac effects in pre-clinical models, clinical trials, autoimmune mechanisms, and immunotherapy in combination with other cancer treatments. We have also reviewed the current challenges in the diagnosis of cardiac events and future directions in the field. In conclusion, this review will delve into this expanding field of cancer immunotherapy and the emerging adverse effects that should be quickly detected and prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Xu
- Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Umesh C Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Cheyanna Tuttle
- Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Delicate Role of PD-L1/PD-1 Axis in Blood Vessel Inflammatory Diseases: Current Insight and Future Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218159. [PMID: 33142805 PMCID: PMC7663405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules are the antigen-independent generator of secondary signals that aid in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. The programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis is one among the most extensively studied immune-inhibitory checkpoint molecules, which delivers a negative signal for T cell activation by binding to the PD-1 receptor. The general attributes of PD-L1's immune-suppressive qualities and novel mechanisms on the barrier functions of vascular endothelium to regulate blood vessel-related inflammatory diseases are concisely reviewed. Though targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has received immense recognition-the Nobel Prize in clinical oncology was awarded in the year 2018 for this discovery-the use of therapeutic modulating strategies for the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway in chronic inflammatory blood vessel diseases is still limited to experimental models. However, studies using clinical specimens that support the role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in patients with underlying atherosclerosis are also detailed. Of note, delicate balances in the expression levels of PD-L1 that are needed to preserve T cell immunity and to curtail acute as well as chronic infections in underlying blood vessel diseases are discussed. A significant link exists between altered lipid and glucose metabolism in different cells and the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 molecules, and its possible implications on vascular inflammation are justified. This review summarizes the most recent insights concerning the role of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in vascular inflammation and, in addition, provides an overview exploring the novel therapeutic approaches and challenges of manipulating these immune checkpoint proteins, PD-1 and PD-L1, for suppressing blood vessel inflammation.
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