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Qin XJ, Hu WJ, Xu XJ. Exploring the mechanism of Corbrin capsules in the intervention of AKI-COVID-19 based on network pharmacology combined with GEO dataset. Gene 2024; 916:148438. [PMID: 38579905 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM of the study: This study used network pharmacology and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to investigate the therapeutic effects of Corbrin capsules on acute kidney injury (AKI)-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). MATERIALS AND METHODS The active constituents and specific molecular targets of Corbrin capsules were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The targets related to AKI and COVID-19 disease were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), GeneCards, and GEO databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by utilizing Cytoscape. To enhance the analysis of pathways associated with the pathogenesis of AKI-COVID-19, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis was performed by using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT. Molecular docking was used to assess interactions between differentially expressed genes and active ingredients. Verification was performed by utilizing GEO databases and in vivo assays. RESULTS This study revealed an overlap of 18 significantly differentially expressed genes between the Corbrin capsules group and the AKI-COVID-19 target group. Analysis of the PPI network identified TP53, JAK2, PIK3CA, PTGS2, KEAP1, and MCL1 as the top six core protein targets with the highest degrees. The results obtained from GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the target genes were primarily enriched in the apoptosis and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Moreover, the analysis of immune infiltration revealed a notable disparity in the percentage of quiescent memory CD4 + T cells. Western blot analyses provided compelling evidence suggesting that the dysregulation of 6 core protein targets could be effectively reversed by Corbrin capsules. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key components, targets, and pathways involved in treating AKI-related COVID-19 using Corbrin capsules. This study also provided a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China, 230031; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230012
| | - Wen-Jie Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China, 230031
| | - Xian-Jin Xu
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230088.
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Li L, Fu S, Wang J, Lu J, Tao Y, Zhao L, Fu B, Lu L, Xiang C, Sun X, Liu S, Wang D, Wang Z. SRT1720 inhibits bladder cancer cell progression by impairing autophagic flux. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116111. [PMID: 38458329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common cancer of the urinary tract, with poor survival, high recurrence rates, and lacking of targeted drugs. In this study, we constructed a library to screen compounds inhibiting bladder cancer cells growth. Among them, SRT1720 was identified to inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. SRT1720 treatment also suppressed bladder cancer cells migration, invasion and induced apoptosis. Mechanism studies shown that SRT1720 promoted autophagosomes accumulation by inducing early-stage autophagy but disturbed the late-stage of autophagy by blocking fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. SRT1720 appears to induce autophagy related proteins expression and alter autophagy-related proteins acetylation to impede the autophagy flux. LAMP2, an important lysosomal associated membrane protein, may mediate SRT1720-inhibited autophagy flux as SRT1720 treatment significantly deacetylated LAMP2 which may influence its activity. Taken together, our results demonstrated that SRT1720 mediated apoptosis and autophagy flux inhibition may be a novel therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jianliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730035, Gansu, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Liangtao Zhao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Beitang Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830000, China
| | - Lanpeng Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Caifei Xiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xince Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shanhui Liu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
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Yu J, Zhao C, Zhao P, Mu M, Li X, Zheng J, Sun X. FXR controls duodenogastric reflux-induced gastric inflammation through negatively regulating ER stress-associated TNXIP/NLPR3 inflammasome. iScience 2024; 27:109118. [PMID: 38439955 PMCID: PMC10909759 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Duodenogastric reflux (DGR) is closely associated with gastric inflammation and tumorigenesis; however, the precise mechanism is unclear. Hence, we aim to clarify this molecular mechanism and design an effective therapeutic strategy based on it. The present study found that DGR induced TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and triggered pyroptosis in gastric mucosa in vitro and in vivo, in which endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via PERK/eIF2α/CHOP signaling was involved. Mechanistically, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonized the DGR-induced PERK/eIF2α/CHOP pathway and reduced TXNIP and NLRP3 expression. Moreover, FXR suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by physically interacting with NLRP3 and caspase-1. Administration of the FXR agonist OCA protected the gastric mucosa from DGR-induced barrier disruption and mucosal inflammation. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the involvement of TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in DGR-induced gastric inflammation. FXR antagonizes gastric barrier disruption and mucosal inflammation induced by DGR. Restoration of FXR activity may be a therapeutic strategy for DGR-associated gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Yu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chenye Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pengwei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mingchao Mu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jianbao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
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Wang K, Zhang Y, Wang G, Hao H, Wang H. FXR agonists for MASH therapy: Lessons and perspectives from obeticholic acid. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:568-586. [PMID: 37899676 DOI: 10.1002/med.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, also called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, is the most common liver disease worldwide and has no approved pharmacotherapy. Due to its beneficial effects on metabolic regulation, inflammation suppression, cell death prevention, and fibrogenesis inhibition, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is widely accepted as a promising therapeutic target for nonalcoholic steatosis (NASH) or called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Many FXR agonists have been developed for NASH/MASH therapy. Obeticholic acid (OCA) is the pioneering frontrunner FXR agonist and the first demonstrating success in clinical trials. Unfortunately, OCA did not receive regulatory approval as a NASH pharmacotherapy because its moderate benefits did not outweigh its safety risks, which may cast a shadow over FXR-based drug development for NASH/MASH. This review summarizes the milestones in the development of OCA for NASH/MASH and discuss its limitations, including moderate hepatoprotection and the undesirable side effects of dyslipidemia, pruritus, cholelithiasis, and liver toxicity risk, in depth. More importantly, we provide perspectives on FXR-based therapy for NASH/MASH, hoping to support a successful bench-to-clinic transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuecan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Zou G, Que L, Liu Y, Lu Q. Interplay of endothelial-mesenchymal transition, inflammation, and autophagy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25166. [PMID: 38327444 PMCID: PMC10847601 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment and validation of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in the retinal endothelium of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) at the level of retinal and vitreous specimens, and preliminary discussion of its regulatory mechanisms. Methods Transcriptome sequencing profiles of CD31+ cells from 9 retinal fibrovascular mem-branes (FVMs) and 4 postmortem retinas were downloaded from GEO databases to analyze EndoMT-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, 42 PDR patients and 34 idiopathic macular holes (IMH) patients were enrolled as the PDR and control groups, respectively. Vitreous humor (VH) samples were collected, and the expression of EndoMT-related proteins was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 5845 DEGs were identified, and we subsequently focused on the analysis of 24 EndoMT-related marker genes, including the trigger of EndoMT, endothelial genes, mesenchymal genes, transcription factors, inflammatory factors, and autophagy markers. Six of these genes were selected for protein assay validation in VH, showing increased mesenchymal marker (type I collagen α 2 chain, COL1A2) and decreased endothelial marker (VE-cadherin, CDH5) accompanied by increased TGFβ, IL-1β, LC3B and P62 in PDR patients. In addition, anti-VEGF therapy could enhance EndoMT-related phenotypes. Conclusions EndoMT may underlie the pathogenesis of PDR, and the induction and regulation correlate with autophagy defects and the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaocheng Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Que
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guang-dong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Jiang Y, Hou L, Dou J, Xuan M, Cui Z, Lian L, Nan J, Wu Y. Sesamol as a potential candidate for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis, based on its regulation of FXR/LXR axis-mediated inhibition of autophagy through crosstalk between hepatic cells and macrophage. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155145. [PMID: 37976698 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sesamol (SEM), a natural lignan compound isolated from sesame, has strong anti-oxidant property, regulating lipid metabolism, decreasing cholesterol and hepatoprotection. However, its anti-hepatic fibrosis effect and mechanisms have not been comprehensively elucidated. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the anti-hepatic fibrosis of SEM and its underlying mechanisms. METHOD C57BL/6 mice with hepatic fibrosis were induced by TAA, then administrated with SEM or curcumin, respectively. HSCs were stimulated by TGF-β or conditioned medium, and then cultured with SEM, GW4064, GW3965, Rapamycin (RA) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA), respectively. Mice with hepatic fibrosis also were administrated with SEM, RA or 3-MA to estimate the effect of SEM on autophagy. RESULTS In vitro, SEM significantly inhibited extracellular matrix deposition, P2 × 7r-NLRP3, and inflammatory cytokines. SEM increased FXR and LXRα/β expressions and decreased MAPLC3α/β and P62 expressions, functioning as 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor). In vivo, SEM reduced serum transaminase, histopathology changes, fibrogenesis, autophagy markers and inflammatory cytokines caused by TAA. LX-2 were activated with conditioned medium from LPS-primed THP-1, which resulted in significant enhance of autophagy markers and inflammatory cytokines and decrease of FXR and LXRα/β expressions. SEM could reverse above these changes and function as 3-MA, GW4064, or GW3965. Deficiency of FXR or LXR attenuated the regulation of SEM on α-SMA, MAPLC3α/β, P62 and IL-1β in activated LX-2. In activated THP-1, deficiency of FXR could decrease the expression of LXR, and vice versa. Deficiency of FXR or LXR in activated MΦ decreased the expressions of FXR and LXR in activated LX-2. Deficiency FXR or LXR in activated MΦ also attenuated the regulation of SEM on α-SMA, MAPLC3α/β, P62, caspase-1 and IL-1β. In vivo, SEM significantly reversed hepatic fibrosis via FXR/LXR and autophagy. CONCLUSION SEM could regulate hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting fibrogenesis, autophagy and inflammation. FXR/LXR axis-mediated inhibition of autophagy contributed to the regulation of SEM against hepatic fibrosis, especially based on involving in the crosstalk of HSCs-macrophage. SEM might be a prospective therapeutic candidate, and its mechanism would be a new direction or strategy for hepatic fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuChen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - LiShuang Hou
- Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - JiaYi Dou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - MeiYan Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - ZhenYu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - LiHua Lian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - JiXing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China.
| | - YanLing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China.
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Fang H, Xu S, Wang Y, Yang H, Su D. Endogenous stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanoplatforms for kidney disease therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113598. [PMID: 37866237 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is one of the most life-threatening health problems, affecting millions of people in the world. Commonly used steroids and immunosuppressants often fall exceptionally short of outcomes with inescapable systemic toxicity. With the booming research in nanobiotechnology, stimuli-responsive nanoplatform has come an appealing therapeutic strategy for kidney disease. Endogenous stimuli-responsive materials have shown profuse promise owing to their enhanced spatiotemporal control and precise to the location of the lesion. This review focuses on recent advances stimuli-responsive drug delivery nano-architectonics for kidney disease. First, a brief introduction of pathogenesis of kidney disease and pathological microenvironment were provided. Then, various endogenous stimulus involved in drug delivery nanoplatforms including pH, ROS, enzymes, and glucose were categorized based on the pathological mechanisms of kidney disease. Next, we separately summarized literature examples of endogenous stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, and outlined the design strategies and response mechanisms. Finally, the paper was concluded by discussing remaining challenges and future perspectives of endogenous stimuli-responsive drug delivery nanoplatform for expediting the speed of development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufeng Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China.
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213100, China.
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Wang C, Ma Q, Yu X. Bile Acid Network and Vascular Calcification-Associated Diseases: Unraveling the Intricate Connections and Therapeutic Potential. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1749-1767. [PMID: 37885621 PMCID: PMC10599251 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s431220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids play a crucial role in promoting intestinal nutrient absorption and biliary cholesterol excretion, thereby protecting the liver from cholesterol accumulation and bile acid toxicity. Additionally, bile acids can bind to specific nuclear and membrane receptors to regulate energy expenditure and specific functions of particular tissues. Vascular calcification refers to the pathological process of calcium-phosphate deposition in blood vessel walls, which serves as an independent predictor for cardiovascular adverse events. In addition to aging, this pathological change is associated with aging-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis. Emerging evidence suggests a close association between the bile acid network and these aforementioned vascular calcification-associated conditions. Several bile acids have been proven to participate in calcium-phosphate metabolism, affecting the transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells and thus influencing vascular calcification. Targeting the bile acid network shows potential for ameliorating these diseases and their concomitant vascular calcification by regulating pathways such as energy metabolism, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and cell differentiation. Here, we present a summary of the metabolism and functions of the bile acid network and aim to provide insights into the current research on the profound connections between the bile acid network and these vascular calcification-associated diseases, as well as the therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Wang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology & Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Ma
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology & Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Wu M, Pei Z, Long G, Chen H, Jia Z, Xia W. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein: a potential therapeutic target in renal disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1266461. [PMID: 37901251 PMCID: PMC10602740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a key innate immune adaptor on the outer mitochondrial membrane that acts as a switch in the immune signal transduction response to viral infections. Some studies have reported that MAVS mediates NF-κB and type I interferon signaling during viral infection and is also required for optimal NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Recent studies have reported that MAVS is involved in various cancers, systemic lupus erythematosus, kidney diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we summarize the structure, activation, pathophysiological roles, and MAVS-based therapies for renal diseases. This review provides novel insights into MAVS's role and therapeutic potential in the pathogenesis of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyin Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfeng Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Shi W, Le W, Tang Q, Shi S, Shi J. Regulon analysis identifies protective FXR and CREB5 in proximal tubules in early diabetic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:180. [PMID: 37337149 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of kidney failure worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms underlying early kidney damage in DKD remain poorly understood. In this study, we used single nucleus RNA-seq to construct gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in the kidney cortex of patients with early DKD. By comparing these networks with those of healthy controls, we identify cell type-specific changes in genetic regulation associated with diabetic status. The regulon activities of FXR (NR1H4) and CREB5 were found to be upregulated in kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells (PCTs), which were validated using immunofluorescence staining in kidney biopsies from DKD patients. In vitro experiments using cultured HK2 cells showed that FXR and CREB5 protected cells from apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our findings suggest that FXR and CREB5 may be promising targets for early intervention in patients with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibo Le
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaoli Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jingsong Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Yang D, Fan Y, Xiong M, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Liu X, Yuan Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Petersen RB, Su H, Yue J, Zhang C, Chen H, Huang K, Zheng L. Loss of renal tubular G9a benefits acute kidney injury by lowering focal lipid accumulation via CES1. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56128. [PMID: 37042626 PMCID: PMC10240209 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery-induced renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and nephrotoxic drugs like cisplatin can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), for which there is no effective therapy. Lipid accumulation is evident following AKI in renal tubules although the mechanisms and pathological effects are unclear. Here, we report that Ehmt2-encoded histone methyltransferase G9a is upregulated in patients and mouse kidneys after AKI. Renal tubular specific knockout of G9a (Ehmt2Ksp ) or pharmacological inhibition of G9a alleviates lipid accumulation associated with AKI. Mechanistically, G9a suppresses transcription of the lipolytic enzyme Ces1; moreover, G9a and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) competitively bind to the same promoter regions of Ces1. Ces1 is consistently observed to be downregulated in the kidney of AKI patients. Pharmacological inhibition of Ces1 increases lipid accumulation, exacerbates renal I/R-injury and eliminates the beneficial effects on AKI observed in Ehmt2Ksp mice. Furthermore, lipid-lowering atorvastatin and an FXR agonist alleviate AKI by activating Ces1 and reducing renal lipid accumulation. Together, our results reveal a G9a/FXR-Ces1 axis that affects the AKI outcome via regulating renal lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Mingrui Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuchen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yihao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xikai Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yangmian Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational SciencesCentral Michigan University College of MedicineMt. PleasantMIUSA
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Junqiu Yue
- Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Kun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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12
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Williams PA, Naughton KE, Simon LA, Soto GE, Parham LR, Ma X, Danan CH, Hu W, Friedman ES, McMillan EA, Mehta H, Stoltz MA, Ocaña JS, Zackular JP, Bittinger K, Whelan KA, Karakasheva TA, Hamilton KE. Intestinal epithelial autophagy is required for the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G354-G368. [PMID: 36852920 PMCID: PMC10069975 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00248.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction can enhance the regenerative capacity of the injured intestinal epithelium. Among other metabolic changes, calorie restriction can activate the autophagy pathway. Although independent studies have attributed the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction to downregulation of mTORC1, it is not known whether autophagy itself is required for the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction. We used mouse and organoid models with autophagy gene deletion to evaluate the contribution of autophagy to intestinal epithelial regeneration following calorie restriction. In the absence of injury, mice with intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of autophagy gene Atg7 (Atg7ΔIEC) exhibit weight loss and histological changes similar to wild-type mice following calorie restriction. Conversely, calorie-restricted Atg7ΔIEC mice displayed a significant reduction in regenerative crypt foci after irradiation compared with calorie-restricted wild-type mice. Targeted analyses of tissue metabolites in calorie-restricted mice revealed an association between calorie restriction and reduced glycocholic acid (GCA) in wild-type mice but not in Atg7ΔIEC mice. To evaluate whether GCA can directly modulate epithelial stem cell self-renewal, we performed enteroid formation assays with or without GCA. Wild-type enteroids exhibited reduced enteroid formation efficiency in response to GCA treatment, suggesting that reduced availability of GCA during calorie restriction may be one mechanism by which calorie restriction favors epithelial regeneration in a manner dependent upon epithelial autophagy. Taken together, our data support the premise that intestinal epithelial Atg7 is required for the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction, due in part to its role in modulating luminal GCA with direct effects on epithelial stem cell self-renewal.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Calorie restriction is associated with enhanced intestinal regeneration after irradiation, but the requirement of autophagy for this process is not known. Our data support the premise that intestinal epithelial autophagy is required for the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction. We also report that luminal levels of primary bile acid glycocholic acid are modulated by epithelial cell autophagy during calorie restriction with direct effects on epithelial stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kaitlyn E Naughton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Lauren A Simon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Gloria E Soto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Louis R Parham
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xianghui Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Charles H Danan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Weiming Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Elliot S Friedman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Emily A McMillan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Hritik Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Madison A Stoltz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joshua Soto Ocaña
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States
| | - Joseph P Zackular
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kelly A Whelan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tatiana A Karakasheva
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kathryn E Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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13
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Jia J, Xu LH, Deng C, Zhong X, Xie KH, Han RY, Su HW, Tan RZ, Wang L. Hederagenin ameliorates renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease through blocking ISG15 regulated JAK/STAT signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110122. [PMID: 37023701 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis is the key pathological characteristics of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). In this study, we reported that hederagenin (HDG) can effectively improve the renal interstitial fibrosis and its mechanism. We constructed CKD animal models of ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) respectively to observe the improvement effect of HDG on CKD. The results showed that HDG can effectively improve the pathological structure of kidney and the renal fibrosis in CKD mice. Meanwhile, HDG can also significantly reduce the expression of α-SMA and FN induced by TGF-β in Transformed C3H Mouse Kidney-1 (TCMK1) cells. Mechanistically, we performed transcriptome sequencing on UUO kidneys treated with HDG. By real time PCR screening of the sequencing results, we determined that ISG15 plays an important role in the intervention of HDG in CKD. Subsequently, we knocked-down ISG15 in TCMK1 and found that ISG15 knock-down significantly inhibited TGF-β-induced fibrotic protein expression and JAK/STAT activation. Finally, we performed electrotransfection and used liposomes to transfect ISG15 overexpression plasmids to up-regulate ISG15 in kidney and cells, respectively. We found that ISG15 can aggravate renal tubular cell fibrosis and abolish the protection of HDG on CKD. These results indicated that HDG significantly improves renal fibrosis in CKD by inhibiting ISG15 and its downstream JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which provides a new drug and research target for the subsequent treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jia
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling-Hui Xu
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chong Deng
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ke-Huan Xie
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rang-Yue Han
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Su
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Tan
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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14
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Akt1 is involved in renal fibrosis and tubular apoptosis in a murine model of acute kidney injury-to-chronic kidney disease transition. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113509. [PMID: 36773738 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive repair after acute kidney injury (AKI) can predispose patients to chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the AKI-to-CKD transition remains unclear. The Akt signaling pathway has been reported to be involved in the pathological processes of both AKI and CKD. In this study, we investigated the role of Akt1 in a murine model of the AKI-to-CKD transition. Wild-type (WT) and Akt1-/- mice were subjected to unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI), with their kidneys harvested after two days and two, four, and six weeks after UIRI. The dynamic changes in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, markers of tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tubular apoptosis were investigated. Akt1 of the three Akt isoforms was activated during the AKI-to-CKD transition. After UIRI, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and tubular EMT were significantly increased in WT mice, but were attenuated in Akt1-/- mice. The expression of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad was increased in both WT and Akt1-/- mice, but was not different between the two groups. The levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, Snail, and β-catenin in the Akt1-/- mice were lower than those in the WT mice. The number of apoptotic tubular cells and the expression of cleaved caspase-3/Bax were both lower in Akt1-/- mice than in WT mice. Genetic deletion of Akt1 was associated with attenuation of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular EMT, and tubular apoptosis during the AKI-to-CKD transition. These findings were associated with TGF-β1/Akt1/GSK-3β/(Snail and β-catenin) signaling independent of TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Thus, Akt1 signaling could serve as a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting the AKI-to-CKD transition.
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15
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Role of FXR in Renal Physiology and Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032408. [PMID: 36768731 PMCID: PMC9916923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor, also known as the bile acid receptor, belongs to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-regulated transcription factors, which performs its functions by regulating the transcription of target genes. FXR is highly expressed in the liver, small intestine, kidney and adrenal gland, maintaining homeostasis of bile acid, glucose and lipids by regulating a diverse array of target genes. It also participates in several pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation, immune responses and fibrosis. The kidney is a key organ that manages water and solute homeostasis for the whole body, and kidney injury or dysfunction is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the kidney, FXR plays an important role in renal water reabsorption and is thought to perform protective functions in acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease, especially diabetic kidney disease. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological function of FXR in the kidney.
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16
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Xiang Y, Fu Y, Wu W, Tang C, Dong Z. Autophagy in acute kidney injury and maladaptive kidney repair. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkac059. [PMID: 36694860 PMCID: PMC9867874 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major renal disease characterized by a sudden decrease in kidney function. After AKI, the kidney has the ability to repair, but if the initial injury is severe the repair may be incomplete or maladaptive and result in chronic kidney problems. Autophagy is a highly conserved pathway to deliver intracellular contents to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining renal function and is involved in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. Autophagy is activated in various forms of AKI and acts as a defense mechanism against kidney cell injury and death. After AKI, autophagy is maintained at a relatively high level in kidney tubule cells during maladaptive kidney repair but the role of autophagy in maladaptive kidney repair has been controversial. Nonetheless, recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy may contribute to maladaptive kidney repair after AKI by inducing tubular degeneration and promoting a profibrotic phenotype in renal tubule cells. In this review, we analyze the role and regulation of autophagy in kidney injury and repair and discuss the therapeutic strategies by targeting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
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17
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Habshi T, Shelke V, Kale A, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:82-93. [PMID: 36409755 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are global health concerns with increasing rates in morbidity and mortality. Transition from AKI-to-CKD is common and requires awareness in the management of AKI survivors. AKI-to-CKD transition is a main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and progression to end-stage kidney disease. The mechanisms driving AKI-to-CKD transition are being explored to identify potential molecular and cellular targets for renoprotective drug interventions. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy are involved in the process of AKI-to-CKD transition. Excessive ER stress results in the persistent activation of unfolded protein response, which is an underneath cause of kidney cell death. Moreover, ER stress modulates autophagy and vice-versa. Autophagy is a degradation defensive mechanism protecting cells from malfunction. However, the underlying pathological mechanism involved in this interplay in the context of AKI-to-CKD transition is still unclear. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between ER stress and autophagy in AKI, AKI-to-CKD transition, and CKD progression. In addition, we explore possible therapeutic targets that can regulate ER stress and autophagy to prevent AKI-to-CKD transition to improve the long-term prognosis of AKI survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahib Habshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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18
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Li J, Jiang Y, Dai Q, Yu Y, Lv X, Zhang Y, Liao X, Ao L, Hu G, Meng J, Peng Z, Tao L, Xie Y. Protective effects of mefunidone on ischemia-reperfusion injury/Folic acid-induced acute kidney injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043945. [PMID: 36506525 PMCID: PMC9727196 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). It poses a significant threat to public health, and effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. Mefunidone (MFD) is a new pyridinone drug that exerts a significant protective effect on diabetic nephropathy and the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model in our previous study. However, the effects of mefunidone on ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of mefunidone against ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury and explored the underlying mechanism. These results revealed that mefunidone exerted a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury. In an ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury model, treatment with mefunidone significantly protected the kidney by relieving kidney tubular injury, suppressing oxidative stress, and inhibiting kidney tubular epithelial cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that mefunidone reduced mitochondrial damage, regulated mitochondrial-related Bax/bcl2/cleaved-caspase3 apoptotic protein expression, and protected mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes III and V levels both in vivo and in vitro, along with a protective effect on mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. Given that folic acid (FA)-induced acute kidney injury is a classic model, we used this model to further validate the efficacy of mefunidone in acute kidney injury and obtained the same conclusion. Based on the above results, we conclude that mefunidone has potential protective and therapeutic effects in both ischemia-reperfusion injury- and folic acid-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yupeng Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohua Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyun Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyun Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Yanyun Xie,
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19
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Xia Y, Xu X, Guo Y, Lin C, Xu X, Zhang F, Fan M, Qi T, Li C, Hu G, Peng L, Wang S, Zhang L, Hai C, Liu R, Yan W, Tao L. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Overexpressing Farnesoid X Receptor Exert Cardioprotective Effects Against Acute Ischemic Heart Injury by Binding Endogenous Bile Acids. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200431. [PMID: 35780502 PMCID: PMC9404394 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid metabolites have been increasingly recognized as pleiotropic signaling molecules that regulate cardiovascular functions, but their role in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-based therapy has never been investigated. It is found that overexpression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a main receptor for bile acids, improves the retention and cardioprotection of adipose tissue-derived MSC (ADSC) administered by intramyocardial injection in mice with myocardial infarction (MI), which shows enhanced antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and antifibrotic effects. RNA sequencing, LC-MS/MS, and loss-of-function studies reveal that FXR overexpression promotes ADSC paracrine angiogenesis via Angptl4. FXR overexpression improves ADSC survival in vivo but fails in vitro. By performing bile acid-targeted metabolomics using ischemic heart tissue, 19 bile acids are identified. Among them, cholic acid and deoxycholic acid significantly increase Angptl4 secretion from ADSC overexpressing FXR and further improve their proangiogenic capability. Moreover, ADSC overexpressing FXR shows significantly lower apoptosis by upregulating Nqo-1 expression only in the presence of FXR ligands. Retinoid X receptor α is identified as a coactivator of FXR. It is first demonstrated that there is a bile acid pool in the myocardial microenvironment. Targeting the bile acid-FXR axis may be a novel strategy for improving the curative effect of MSC-based therapy for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Xia
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced ManufactureDepartment of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Yongzhen Guo
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Chen Lin
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
- CardiologyGeneral Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of Chinese PLANanjing210002China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Fuyang Zhang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Miaomiao Fan
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Tingting Qi
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Congye Li
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Guangyu Hu
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Lu Peng
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Shan Wang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Ling Zhang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of ToxicologyShanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and MedicineMinistry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational EnvironmentSchool of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of ToxicologyShanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and MedicineMinistry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational EnvironmentSchool of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Ling Tao
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
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20
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Investigating the Mechanisms of Jieduquyuziyin Prescription Improves Lupus Nephritis and Fibrosis via FXR in MRL/lpr Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4301033. [PMID: 35855861 PMCID: PMC9288302 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4301033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and one of the leading causes of death. An alternative effective treatment to ameliorate and relieve LN and delay the process of renal tissue fibrosis is urgently needed in the clinical setting. Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP) has been successfully used to treat SLE, but its potential mechanisms are not sufficiently understood. In this study, we treated MRL/lpr mice with JP for 8 weeks and treated human renal tubular epithelial cells (human kidney 2 (HK-2)) with drug-containing serum to observe the antagonistic effects of JP on inflammation and fibrosis, as well as to investigate the possible mechanisms. Results demonstrated that JP significantly reduced urinary protein and significantly improved pathological abnormalities. Metabolomics combined with ingenuity pathway analysis illustrated that the process of kidney injury in lupus mice may be closely related to farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathway abnormalities. Microarray biomimetic analysis and LN patients indicated that FXR may play a protective role as an effective therapeutic target for LN and renal fibrosis. JP significantly increased the expression of FXR and inhibited the expression of its downstream targets, namely, nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), in the kidney of MRL/lpr mice and HK-2 cells, as confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. In conclusion, JP may mediate the activation of renal FXR expression and inhibit NF-κB and α-SMA expression to exert anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects for LN prevention and treatment.
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21
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Kim DH, Choi HI, Park JS, Kim CS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Farnesoid X receptor protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by regulating the transcription of ferroptosis-related genes. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102382. [PMID: 35767918 PMCID: PMC9241134 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The side effects of cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, include nephrotoxicity. Previous studies have reported that cisplatin induces ferroptosis and lipid peroxide accumulation. Ferroptosis, a type of regulated cell death, is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Although previous studies have examined the regulation of ferroptosis in acute kidney injury (AKI), the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis has not been elucidated. Here, the ability of activated farnesoid X receptor (FXR) to attenuate cisplatin-induced AKI through the regulation of ferroptosis was examined. FXR deficiency exhibited more ferroptosis responses, such as increase in lipid peroxidation, iron content and heme oxygenase 1 protein, and a decrease in glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels in HK2 cells and mice. Increased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and ferroptotic responses in the cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model were mitigated upon treatment with the FXR agonist GW4064 but were exacerbated in FXR knockout mice. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that ferroptosis-associated genes were novel targets of FXR. FXR agonist upregulated the expression of lipid and glutathione metabolism-related genes and downregulated cell death-related genes. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, using mice renal tissues, revealed that agonist-activated FXR could bind to its known target genes (Slc51a, Slc51b, Osgin1, and Mafg) and ferroptosis-related genes (Aifm2, Ggt6, and Gsta4). Furthermore, activated FXR-dependent MAFG, a transcriptional repressor, could bind to Hmox1, Nqo1, and Tf in the renal tissues of FXR agonist-treated mice. These findings indicate that activated FXR regulates the transcription of ferroptosis-related genes and protects against cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Hoon-In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Jung Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Chang Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
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22
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Zhang H, Wu H, Qian J, Sun L, Sang L, Wang P, Yuan B, Zhang J. The regulation of LPCAT3 by miR-124-3p.1 in acute kidney injury suppresses cell proliferation by disrupting phospholipid metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 604:37-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Lian CY, Chu BX, Xia WH, Wang ZY, Fan RF, Wang L. Persistent activation of Nrf2 in a p62-dependent non-canonical manner aggravates lead-induced kidney injury by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy. J Adv Res 2022; 46:87-100. [PMID: 37003700 PMCID: PMC10105071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lead (Pb) is an environmental toxicant that poses severe health risks to humans and animals, especially renal disorders. Pb-induced nephrotoxicity has been attributed to oxidative stress, in which apoptosis and autophagy are core events. OBJECTIVES Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) acts as a major contributor to counteract oxidative damage, while hyperactivation or depletion of Nrf2 pathway can cause the redox imbalance to induce tissue injury. This study was performed to clarify the function and mechanism of Nrf2 in Pb-triggered kidney injury. METHODS AND RESULTS First, data showed that Pb exposure activates Nrf2 pathway in primary rat proximal tubular cells. Next, Pb-induced Nrf2 activation was effectively regulated by pharmacological modulation or siRNA-mediated knockdown in vitro and in vivo assays. Notably, Pb-triggered cytotoxicity, renal injury and concomitant apoptosis were improved by Nrf2 downregulation, confirming that Pb-induced persistent Nrf2 activation contributes to nephrotoxicity. Additionally, Pb-triggered autophagy blockage was relieved by Nrf2 downregulation. Mechanistically, we found that Pb-induced persistent Nrf2 activation is attributed to reduced Nrf2 ubiquitination and nuclear-cytoplasmic loss of Keap1 in a p62-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings highlight the dark side of persistent Nrf2 activation and potential crosstalk among Pb-induced persistent Nrf2 activation, apoptosis and autophagy blockage in Pb-triggered nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yu Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Bing-Xin Chu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei-Hao Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Rui-Feng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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24
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Wu Z, Pan J, Yang J, Zhang D. LncRNA136131 suppresses apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury by targeting the miR-378a-3p/Rab10 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3666-3686. [PMID: 35482482 PMCID: PMC9085219 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is not fully understood. To date, the exact role and regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)136131 in AKI remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that lncRNA136131 in BUMPT cells is induced by antimycin A. Furthermore, after incubating BUMPT cells in antimycin for two hours, lncRNA136131 prevented BUMPT cell apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Mechanistically, lncRNA136131 sponged miR-378a-3p and then increased the expression of Rab10 to suppress apoptosis. Finally, I/R-induced decline of renal function, tubular damage, renal tubular cells apoptosis, and the upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 were aggravated by lncRNA136131 siRNA. In contrast, this effect was attenuated by the overexpression of lncRNA136131. In conclusion, lncRNA136131 protected against I/R-induced AKI progression by targeting miR-378a-3p/Rab10 and may be utilized as a novel target for AKI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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25
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Ishimwe JA, Dola T, Ertuglu LA, Kirabo A. Bile acids and salt-sensitive hypertension: a role of the gut-liver axis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H636-H646. [PMID: 35245132 PMCID: PMC8957326 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00027.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Salt-sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) affects 50% of the hypertensive and 25% of the normotensive populations. Importantly, SSBP is associated with increased risk for mortality in both populations independent of blood pressure. Despite its deleterious effects, the pathogenesis of SSBP is not fully understood. Emerging evidence suggests a novel role of bile acids in salt-sensitive hypertension and that they may play a crucial role in regulating inflammation and fluid volume homeostasis. Mechanistic evidence implicates alterations in the gut microbiome, the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), the farnesoid X receptor, and the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 in bile acid-mediated effects on cardiovascular function. The mechanistic interplay between excess dietary sodium-induced alterations in the gut microbiome and immune cell activation, bile acid signaling, and whether such interplay may contribute to the etiology of SSBP is still yet to be defined. The main goal of this review is to discuss the potential role of bile acids in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease with a focus on salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne A Ishimwe
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thanvi Dola
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lale A Ertuglu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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26
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Luan ZL, Zhang C, Ming WH, Huang YZ, Guan YF, Zhang XY. Nuclear receptors in renal health and disease. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103855. [PMID: 35123268 PMCID: PMC8819107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major social and economic burden for the healthcare system, kidney diseases contribute to the constant increase of worldwide deaths. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing the etiology, development and progression of kidney diseases may help to identify potential therapeutic targets. As a superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, nuclear receptors (NRs) are critical for the maintenance of normal renal function and their dysfunction is associated with a variety of kidney diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that ligands for NRs protect patients from renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic nephropathy (DN), renal fibrosis and kidney cancers. In the past decade, some breakthroughs have been made for the translation of NR ligands into clinical use. This review summarizes the current understanding of several important NRs in renal physiology and pathophysiology and discusses recent findings and applications of NR ligands in the management of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lin Luan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory for Nuclear Receptors in Major Metabolic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wen-Hua Ming
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying-Zhi Huang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - You-Fei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory for Nuclear Receptors in Major Metabolic Diseases, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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27
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Xu S, Jia P, Fang Y, Jin J, Sun Z, Zhou W, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ren T, Zou Z, Ding X. Nuclear farnesoid X receptor attenuates acute kidney injury through fatty acid oxidation. Kidney Int 2022; 101:987-1002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Cheung A, Ahmed A. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Links and Risks. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2021; 14:457-465. [PMID: 34819740 PMCID: PMC8607580 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s226130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease are both chronic conditions with rapidly increasing prevalence and incidence worldwide that have led to a significant burden on health-care systems. The association between these two disease entities is partly attributed to shared cardiometabolic comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, independent of these overlapping risks, there are increased rates and more severe CKD in NAFLD patients. Conversely, more progressive NAFLD is seen with advanced stages of kidney injury. In addition to overlapping risk factors, shared pathogenic mechanisms suggest these two disease entities may resemble different manifestations of a single underlying disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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29
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PTEN alleviates maladaptive repair of renal tubular epithelial cells by restoring CHMP2A-mediated phagosome closure. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1087. [PMID: 34789720 PMCID: PMC8599682 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog on chromosome Ten (PTEN) has emerged as a key protein that governs the response to kidney injury. Notably, renal adaptive repair is important for preventing acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. To test the role of PTEN in renal repair after acute injury, we constructed a mouse model that overexpresses PTEN in renal proximal tubular cells (RPTC) by crossing PTENfl-stop-fl mice with Ggt1-Cre mice. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was performed after subjecting these mice to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). We found that PTEN was downregulated in renal tubular cells in mice and cultured HK-2 cells subjected to renal maladaptive repair induced by I/R. Renal expression of PTEN negatively correlated with NGAL and fibrotic markers. RPTC-specific PTEN overexpression relieved I/R-induced maladaptive repair, as indicated by alleviative tubular cell damage, apoptosis, and subsequent renal fibrosis. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins in RPTC-specific PTEN overexpression mice subjected to I/R were significantly enriched in phagosome, PI3K/Akt, and HIF-1 signaling pathway and found significant upregulation of CHMP2A, an autophagy-related protein. PTEN deficiency downregulated CHMP2A and inhibited phagosome closure and autolysosome formation, which aggravated cell injury and apoptosis after I/R. PTEN overexpression had the opposite effect. Notably, the beneficial effect of PTEN overexpression on autophagy flux and cell damage was abolished when CHMP2A was silenced. Collectively, our study suggests that PTEN relieved renal maladaptive repair in terms of cell damage, apoptosis, and renal fibrosis by upregulating CHMP2A-mediated phagosome closure, suggesting that PTEN/CHMP2A may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the AKI to CKD transition.
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30
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Lipid Disorders in NAFLD and Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101405. [PMID: 34680522 PMCID: PMC8533451 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver dysfunction and is characterized by exaggerated lipid accumulation, inflammation and even fibrosis. It has been shown that NAFLD increases the risk of other chronic diseases, particularly chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lipid in excess could lead to liver and kidney lesions and even end-stage disease through diverse pathways. Dysregulation of lipid uptake, oxidation or de novo lipogenesis contributes to the toxic effects of ectopic lipids which promotes the development and progression of NAFLD and CKD via triggering oxidative stress, apoptosis, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic responses. Importantly, dyslipidemia and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines caused by NAFLD (specifically, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) are considered to play important roles in the pathological progression of CKD. Growing evidence of similarities between the pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD and those of CKD has attracted attention and urged researchers to discover their common therapeutic targets. Here, we summarize the current understanding of molecular aberrations underlying the lipid metabolism of NAFLD and CKD and clinical evidence that suggests the relevance of these pathways in humans. This review also highlights the orchestrated inter-organ cross-talk in lipid disorders, as well as therapeutic options and opportunities to counteract NAFLD and CKD.
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