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Yu Y, Liang Y, Xie F, Zhang Z, Zhang P, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Liang Z, Li D, Wang L, Chen Y, Sun L, Niu H, Wang Y. Tumor-associated macrophage enhances PD-L1-mediated immune escape of bladder cancer through PKM2 dimer-STAT3 complex nuclear translocation. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216964. [PMID: 38762193 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and strongly associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance, including checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in solid tumor patients. However, the mechanism by which TAM affects immune metabolism reprogramming and immune checkpoint signalling pathway in the TME remains elusive. In this study we found that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) secreted by M2-TAMs increased the level of glycolysis in bladder cancer (BLCA) and played important role in PD-L1-mediated immune evasion through pyruvate kinase isoenzymes M2 (PKM2). Mechanistically, TGF-β promoted high expression of PKM2 by promoting the nuclear translocation of PKM2 dimer in conjunction with phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT3), which then exerted its kinase activity to promote PD-L1 expression in BLCA. Moreover, SB-431542 (TGF-β blocker) and shikonin (PKM2 inhibitor) significantly reduced PD-L1 expression and inhibited BLCA growth and organoids by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. In conclusion, M2-TAM-derived TGF-β promotes PD-L1-mediated immune evasion in BLCA by increasing the PKM2 dimer-STAT3 complex nuclear translocation. Combined blockade of the TGF-β receptor and inhibition of PKM2 effectively prevent BLCA progression and immunosuppression, providing a potential targeted therapeutic strategy for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; Medicine College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Urology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; Medicine College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; Medicine College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinzhao Zhao
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China; Medicine College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhilei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhijuan Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuanbin Chen
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lijiang Sun
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Urology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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ZHUO ZHILI, ZHANG DONGNI, LU WENPING, WU XIAOQING, CUI YONGJIA, ZHANG WEIXUAN, ZHANG MENGFAN. Reversal of tamoxifen resistance by artemisinin in ER+ breast cancer: bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Oncol Res 2024; 32:1093-1107. [PMID: 38827320 PMCID: PMC11136689 DOI: 10.32604/or.2024.047257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, with Hormone Receptor (HR)+ being the predominant subtype. Tamoxifen (TAM) serves as the primary treatment for HR+ breast cancer. However, drug resistance often leads to recurrence, underscoring the need to develop new therapies to enhance patient quality of life and reduce recurrence rates. Artemisinin (ART) has demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting the growth of drug-resistant cells, positioning art as a viable option for counteracting endocrine resistance. This study explored the interaction between artemisinin and tamoxifen through a combined approach of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Five characterized genes (ar, cdkn1a, erbb2, esr1, hsp90aa1) and seven drug-disease crossover genes (cyp2e1, rorc, mapk10, glp1r, egfr, pgr, mgll) were identified using WGCNA crossover analysis. Subsequent functional enrichment analyses were conducted. Our findings confirm a significant correlation between key cluster gene expression and immune cell infiltration in tamoxifen-resistant and -sensitized patients. scRNA-seq analysis revealed high expression of key cluster genes in epithelial cells, suggesting artemisinin's specific impact on tumor cells in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BC tissues. Molecular target docking and in vitro experiments with artemisinin on LCC9 cells demonstrated a reversal effect in reducing migratory and drug resistance of drug-resistant cells by modulating relevant drug resistance genes. These results indicate that artemisinin could potentially reverse tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - WENPING LU
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - XIAOQING WU
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - YONGJIA CUI
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - WEIXUAN ZHANG
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - MENGFAN ZHANG
- Department of Oncology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
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Strachowska M, Robaszkiewicz A. Characteristics of anticancer activity of CBP/p300 inhibitors - Features of their classes, intracellular targets and future perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108636. [PMID: 38521246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to the contribution of highly homologous acetyltransferases CBP and p300 to transcription elevation of oncogenes and other cancer promoting factors, these enzymes emerge as possible epigenetic targets of anticancer therapy. Extensive efforts in search for small molecule inhibitors led to development of compounds targeting histone acetyltransferase catalytic domain or chromatin-interacting bromodomain of CBP/p300, as well as dual BET and CBP/p300 inhibitors. The promising anticancer efficacy in in vitro and mice models led CCS1477 and NEO2734 to clinical trials. However, none of the described inhibitors is perfectly specific to CBP/p300 since they share similarity of a key functional domains with other enzymes, which are critically associated with cancer progression and their antagonists demonstrate remarkable clinical efficacy in cancer therapy. Therefore, we revise the possible and clinically relevant off-targets of CBP/p300 inhibitors that can be blocked simultaneously with CBP/p300 thereby improving the anticancer potential of CBP/p300 inhibitors and pharmacokinetic predicting data such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Strachowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; University of Lodz, Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Banacha 12 /16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute of Fundamental and Basic Research, 600 5(th) Street South, Saint Petersburg FL33701, United States of America.
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Heath H, Mogol AN, Santaliz Casiano A, Zuo Q, Madak-Erdogan Z. Targeting systemic and gut microbial metabolism in ER + breast cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:321-330. [PMID: 38220576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast tumors have a better overall prognosis than ER- tumors; however, there is a sustained risk of recurrence. Mounting evidence indicates that genetic and epigenetic changes associated with resistance impact critical signaling pathways governing cell metabolism. This review delves into recent literature concerning the metabolic pathways regulated in ER+ breast tumors by the availability of nutrients and endocrine therapies and summarizes research on how changes in systemic and gut microbial metabolism can affect ER activity and responsiveness to endocrine therapy. As targeting of metabolic pathways using dietary or pharmacological approaches enters the clinic, we provide an overview of the supporting literature and suggest future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Heath
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ayca Nazli Mogol
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Hong SM, Lee A, Kim B, Lee J, Seon S, Ha Y, Ng JT, Yoon G, Lim SB, Morgan MJ, Cha J, Lee D, Kim Y. NAMPT-Driven M2 Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Leads to an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303177. [PMID: 38308188 PMCID: PMC11005718 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a metabolic enzyme with key roles in inflammation. Previous studies have examined the consequences of its upregulated expression in cancer cells themselves, but studies are limited with respect to its role in the other cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) during colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, it is founded that NAMPT is highly expressed in SPP1+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a unique subset of TAMs associated with immunosuppressive activity. A NAMPThigh gene signature in SPP1+ TAMs correlated with worse prognostic outcomes in CRC patients. The effect of Nampt deletion in the myeloid compartment of mice during CRC development is explored. NAMPT deficiency in macrophages resulted in HIF-1α destabilization, leading to reduction in M2-like TAM polarization. NAMPT deficiency caused significant decreases in the efferocytosis activity of macrophages, which enhanced STING signaling and the induction of type I IFN-response genes. Expression of these genes contributed to anti-tumoral immunity via potentiation of cytotoxic T cell activity in the TME. Overall, these findings suggest that NAMPT-initiated TAM-specific genes can be useful in predicting poor CRC patient outcomes; strategies aimed at targeting NAMPT may provide a promising therapeutic approach for building an immunostimulatory TME in CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Hong
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - A‐Yeon Lee
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong‐Ju Kim
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Eun Lee
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Su‐Yeon Seon
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Yu‐Jin Ha
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Jestlin Tianthing Ng
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Gyesoon Yoon
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J. Morgan
- Department of Natural SciencesNortheastern State UniversityTahlequahOK74464USA
| | - Jong‐Ho Cha
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCollege of MedicineInha UniversityIncheon22212South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and EngineeringGraduate SchoolInha UniversityIncheon22212South Korea
| | - Dakeun Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of PathologyAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
| | - You‐Sun Kim
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Ajou University164 Worldcup‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwonGyeonggi‐do16499Republic of Korea
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Wang S, Wang J, Chen Z, Luo J, Guo W, Sun L, Lin L. Targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages is a potential therapeutic approach to overcome antitumor drug resistance. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:31. [PMID: 38341519 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor drug resistance emerges from the interaction of two critical factors: tumor cellular heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute essential components of the TME. M2-like TAMs are essential in facilitating tumor metastasis as well as augmenting the drug resistance of tumors. This review encapsulates the mechanisms that M2-like TAMs use to promote tumor drug resistance. We also describe the emerging therapeutic strategies that are currently targeting M2-like TAMs in combination with other antitumor drugs, with some still undergoing clinical trial evaluation. Furthermore, we summarize and analyze various existing approaches for developing novel drugs that target M2-like TAMs to overcome tumor resistance, highlighting how targeting M2-like TAMs can effectively stop tumor growth, metastasis, and overcome tumor drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Luo
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang X, Yang F, Huang Z, Liu X, Xia G, Huang J, Yang Y, Li J, Huang J, Liu Y, Zhou T, Qi W, Gao G, Yang X. Macrophages Promote Subtype Conversion and Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:678. [PMID: 38339428 PMCID: PMC10854660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression of tumors from less aggressive subtypes to more aggressive states during metastasis poses challenges for treatment strategies. Previous studies have revealed the molecular subtype conversion between primary and metastatic tumors in breast cancer (BC). However, the subtype conversion during lymph node metastasis (LNM) and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS We compared clinical subtypes in paired primary tumors and positive lymph nodes (PLNs) in BC patients and further validated them in the mouse model. Bioinformatics analysis and macrophage-conditioned medium treatment were performed to investigate the role of macrophages in subtype conversion. RESULTS During LNM, hormone receptors (HRs) were down-regulated, while HER2 was up-regulated, leading to the transformation of luminal A tumors towards luminal B tumors and from luminal B subtype towards HER2-enriched (HER2-E) subtype. The mouse model demonstrated the elevated levels of HER2 in PLN while retaining luminal characteristics. Among the various cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), macrophages were the most clinically relevant in terms of prognosis. The treatment of a macrophage-conditioned medium further confirmed the downregulation of HR expression and upregulation of HER2 expression, inducing tamoxifen resistance. Through bioinformatics analysis, MNX1 was identified as a potential transcription factor governing the expression of HR and HER2. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the HER2-E subtype conversion during LNM in BC. Macrophages were the crucial cell type in TME, inducing the downregulation of HR and upregulation of HER2, probably via MNX1. Targeting macrophages or MNX1 may provide new avenues for endocrine therapy and targeted treatment of BC patients with LNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Fengyu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Gan Xia
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Jieye Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Junchen Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.Z.); (F.Y.); (Z.H.); (X.L.); (G.X.); (J.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (J.H.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (W.Q.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Zhao X, Zheng C, Wang Y, Hao J, Liu Y. GSH/pH dual responsive chitosan nanoparticles for reprogramming M2 macrophages and overcoming cancer chemoresistance. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:790-797. [PMID: 38179727 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The combination of two or more drugs with different mechanisms of action is a promising strategy for circumventing multidrug resistance (MDR). However, the antitumor effect of nanosystems is usually limited due to the simultaneous release of different payloads at a single location rather than at their respective sites of action. Herein, we report a GSH and pH dual responsive nanoplatform encapsulated with doxorubicin (DOX) and resiquimod (R848) (GPNP) for combinatorial chemotherapy against cancer cells with drug resistance. GPNP possesses a core-shell structure wherein the polymer shell detaches in the acidic and sialic acid (SA)-rich environment. This leads to the release of R848 into the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby reprogramming M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages and exposing the core CS(DOX)-PBA to kill MCF-7/ADR cells. Additionally, the nitric oxide (NO) generated by M1 macrophages can suppress the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression to reduce the efflux of chemotherapy drugs, thus playing a combined role in overcoming MDR. In vitro studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of GPNP in reprogramming M2 macrophages and inducing apoptosis in MCF-7/ADR cells, resulting in enhanced antitumor efficacy. This work proposed an effective combination strategy to combat chemoresistance, providing new insights into the development of innovative combinatorial therapies against MDR tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chunxiong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jialei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Tzenaki N, Xenou L, Goulielmaki E, Tsapara A, Voudouri I, Antoniou A, Valianatos G, Tzardi M, De Bree E, Berdiaki A, Makrigiannakis A, Papakonstanti EA. A combined opposite targeting of p110δ PI3K and RhoA abrogates skin cancer. Commun Biol 2024; 7:26. [PMID: 38182748 PMCID: PMC10770346 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide whereas SCC is the second most common non-melanoma human skin cancer with limited treatment options. Here we show that the development and metastasis of melanoma and SCC cancers can be blocked by a combined opposite targeting of RhoA and p110δ PI3K. We found that a targeted induction of RhoA activity into tumours by deletion of p190RhoGAP-a potent inhibitor of RhoA GTPase-in tumour cells together with adoptive macrophages transfer from δD910A/D910A mice in mice bearing tumours with active RhoA abrogated growth progression of melanoma and SCC tumours. Τhe efficacy of this combined treatment is the same in tumours lacking activating mutations in BRAF and in tumours harbouring the most frequent BRAF(V600E) mutation. Furthermore, the efficiency of this combined treatment is associated with decreased ATX expression in tumour cells and tumour stroma bypassing a positive feedback expression of ATX induced by direct ATX pharmacological inactivation. Together, our findings highlight the importance of targeting cancer cells and macrophages for skin cancer therapy, emerge a reverse link between ATX and RhoA and illustrate the benefit of p110δ PI3K inhibition as a combinatorial regimen for the treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Tzenaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Lydia Xenou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Goulielmaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anna Tsapara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Irene Voudouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Angelika Antoniou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Valianatos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eelco De Bree
- Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonios Makrigiannakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Greece
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10
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Ye L, Zhong F, Sun S, Ou X, Yuan J, Zhu J, Zeng Z. Tamoxifen induces ferroptosis in MCF-7 organoid. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1627-1635. [PMID: 38156931 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_608_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common female malignant tumor type globally. The occurrence and development of breast cancer involve ferroptosis, which is closely related to its treatment. The development of breast cancer organoids facilitates the analysis of breast cancer molecular background and tumor biological behavior, including clinical pathological characteristics, drug response, or drug resistance relationship, and promotes the advancement of precision treatment for breast cancer. The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture of breast cancer MCF-7 organoid is more similar to the in vivo environment and thus obtains more realistic results than 2D cell culture. Our study examined the new mechanism of tamoxifen in treating breast cancer through breast cancer MCF-7 organoids. METHODS We used 3D cells to culture breast cancer MCF-7 organoid, as well as tamoxifen-treated MCF-7 and tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7 TAMR) cells. We used transcriptome sequencing. We detected GPX4 and SLC7A11 protein levels using Western blotting and the content of ATP, glutathione, and ferrous ions using the Cell Counting Lite 3D Kit. We assessed cell viability using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. RESULTS Tamoxifen significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 organoids and significantly induced ferroptosis in MCF-7 organoids. The ferroptosis inhibitor reversed the significant tamoxifen-induced MCF-7 organoid inhibition activity. Moreover, the ferroptosis activator enhanced the tamoxifen-induced MCF-7 TAMR cell activity inhibition. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that ferroptosis plays an important role in tamoxifen-induced MCF-7 organoid cell death and provides a new research idea for precise treatment of breast cancer through an organoid model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Shishen Sun
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaowei Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zeng
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
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11
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Hekmatirad S, Moloudizargari M, Fallah M, Rahimi A, Poortahmasebi V, Asghari MH. Cancer-associated immune cells and their modulation by melatonin. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:788-801. [PMID: 37489565 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2239489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rapidly growing evidence suggests that immune cells play a key role in determining tumor progression. Tumor cells are surrounded by a microenvironment composed of different cell populations including immune cells. The cross talk between tumor cells and the neighboring microenvironment is an important factor to take into account while designing tumor therapies. Despite significant advances in immunotherapy strategies, a relatively small proportion of patients have successfully responded to them. Therefore, the search for safe and efficient drugs, which could be used alongside conventional therapies to boost the immune system against tumors, is an ongoing need. In the present work, the modulatory effects of melatonin on different components of tumor immune microenvironment are reviewed. METHODS A thorough literature review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. All published papers in English on tumor immune microenvironment and the relevant modulatory effects of melatonin were scrutinized. RESULTS Melatonin modulates macrophage polarization and prevents M2 induction. Moreover, it prevents the conversion of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and prevents cancer cell stemness. In addition, it can affect the payload composition of tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) and their secretion levels to favor a more effective anti-tumor immune response. Melatonin is a safe molecule that affects almost all components of the tumor immune microenvironment and prevents them from being negatively affected by the tumor. CONCLUSION Based on the effects of melatonin on normal cells, tumor cells and microenvironment components, it could be an efficient compound to be used in combination with conventional immune-targeted therapies to increase their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hekmatirad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Fallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Atena Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasebi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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12
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Pu Q, Gao H. The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5493. [PMID: 38001753 PMCID: PMC10670777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is a highly heterogeneous systemic disease. It is ranked first globally in the incidence of new cancer cases and has emerged as the primary cause of cancer-related death among females. Among the distinct subtypes of BRCA, triple-positive breast cancer (TPBC) has been associated with increased metastasis and invasiveness, exhibiting greater resistance to endocrine therapy involving trastuzumab. It is now understood that invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance associated with BRCA progression are not exclusively due to breast tumor cells but are from the intricate interplay between BRCA and its tumor microenvironment (TME). Accordingly, understanding the pathogenesis and evolution of the TPBC microenvironment demands a comprehensive approach. Moreover, addressing BRCA treatment necessitates a holistic consideration of the TME, bearing significant implications for identifying novel targets for anticancer interventions. This review expounds on the relationship between critical cellular components and factors in the TPBC microenvironment and the inception, advancement, and therapeutic resistance of breast cancer to provide perspectives on the latest research on TPBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Pu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266035, China;
- Oncology Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266035, China
| | - Haidong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266035, China;
- Oncology Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266035, China
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13
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Yeh YW, Hsu TW, Su YH, Wang CH, Liao PH, Chiu CF, Tseng PC, Chen TM, Lee WR, Tzeng YS. Silencing of Dicer enhances dacarbazine resistance in melanoma cells by inhibiting ADSL expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12873-12889. [PMID: 37976135 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Dacarbazine (DTIC) is the primary first-line treatment for advanced-stage metastatic melanoma; thus, DTIC resistance is poses a major challenge. Therefore, investigating the mechanism underlying DTIC resistance must be investigated. Dicer, a type III cytoplasmic endoribonuclease, plays a pivotal role in the maturation of miRNAs. Aberrant Dicer expression may contribute to tumor progression, clinical aggressiveness, and poor prognosis in various tumors. Dicer inhibition led to a reduction in DTIC sensitivity and an augmentation in stemness in melanoma cells. Clinical analyses indicated a low Dicer expression level as a predictor of poor prognosis factor. Metabolic alterations in tumor cells may interfere with drug response. Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) is a crucial enzyme in the purine metabolism pathway. An imbalance in ADSL may interfere with the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. We discovered that DTIC treatment enhanced ADSL expression and that Dicer silencing significantly reduced ADSL expression in melanoma cells. Furthermore, ADSL overexpression reversed Dicer silencing induced DTIC resistance and cancer stemness. These findings indicate that Dicer-mediated ADSL regulation influences DTIC sensitivity and stemness in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hao Su
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Liao
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chen Tseng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tim-Mo Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Ruoh Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
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14
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Yuan J, Yang L, Li Z, Zhang H, Wang Q, Huang J, Wang B, Mohan CD, Sethi G, Wang G. The role of the tumor microenvironment in endocrine therapy resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1261283. [PMID: 37900137 PMCID: PMC10611521 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1261283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is the prominent strategy for the treatment of hormone-positive breast cancers. The emergence of resistance to endocrine therapy is a major health concern among hormone-positive breast cancer patients. Resistance to endocrine therapy demands the design of newer therapeutic strategies. The understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of endocrine resistance, components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and interaction of resistant breast cancer cells with the cellular/acellular components of the intratumoral environment are essential to formulate new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancers. In the first half of the article, we have discussed the general mechanisms (including mutations in estrogen receptor gene, reregulated activation of signaling pathways, epigenetic changes, and cell cycle alteration) responsible for endocrine therapy resistance in hormone-positive breast cancers. In the latter half, we have emphasized the precise role of cellular (cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, and cancer stem cells) and acellular components (collagen, fibronectin, and laminin) of TME in the development of endocrine resistance in hormone-positive breast cancers. In sum, the article provides an overview of the relationship between endocrine resistance and TME in hormone-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore Karnataka, India
- FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geng Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Vascular Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
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15
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Tsunokake S, Iwabuchi E, Miki Y, Kanai A, Onodera Y, Sasano H, Ishida T, Suzuki T. SGLT1 as an adverse prognostic factor in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 201:499-513. [PMID: 37439959 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 1 and 2 expression in carcinoma cells was recently examined, but their association with the clinicopathological factors of the patients and their biological effects on breast carcinoma cells have remained remain virtually unknown. Therefore, in this study, we explored the expression status of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in breast cancer patients and examined the effects of SGLT1 inhibitors on breast carcinoma cells in vitro. METHODS SGLT1 and SGLT2 were immunolocalized and we first correlated the findings with clinicopathological factors of the patients. We then administered mizagliflozin and KGA-2727, SGLT1 specific inhibitors to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast carcinoma cell lines, and their growth-inhibitory effects were examined. Protein arrays were then used to further explore their effects on the growth factors. RESULTS The SGLT1 high group had significantly worse clinical outcome including both overall survival and disease-free survival than low group. SGLT2 status was not significantly correlated with clinical outcome of the patients. Both mizagliflozin and KGA-2727 inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell lines. Of particular interest, mizagliflozin inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, even under very low glucose conditions. Mizagliflozin downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION High SGLT1 expression turned out as an adverse clinical prognostic factor in breast cancer patient. This is the first study demonstrating that SGLT1 inhibitors suppressed breast carcinoma cell proliferation. These results indicated that SGLT1 inhibitors could be used as therapeutic agents for breast cancer patients with aggressive biological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Tsunokake
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Erina Iwabuchi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ayako Kanai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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16
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Liang Y, He J, Chen X, Yin L, Yuan Q, Zeng Q, Zu X, Shen Y. The emerging roles of metabolism in the crosstalk between breast cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4915-4930. [PMID: 37781517 PMCID: PMC10539698 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Investigating metabolism in breast cancer may accelerate the exploitation of new therapeutic options for immunotherapies. Metabolic reprogramming can confer breast cancer cells (BCCs) with a survival advantage in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and metabolic alterations in breast cancer, and the corresponding metabolic byproducts can affect the function of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Additionally, TAMs undergo metabolic reprogramming in response to signals present in the TME, which can affect their function and breast cancer progression. Here, we review the metabolic crosstalk between BCCs and TAMs in terms of glucose, lipids, amino acids, iron, and adenosine metabolism. Summaries of inhibitors that target metabolism-related processes in BCCs or TAMs within breast cancer have also served as valuable inspiration for novel therapeutic approaches in the fight against this disease. This review provides new perspectives on targeted anticancer therapies for breast cancer that combine immunity with metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liang
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Liyang Yin
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qiting Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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17
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Cheng D, Ge K, Yao X, Wang B, Chen R, Zhao W, Fang C, Ji M. Tumor-associated macrophages mediate resistance of EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer: mechanisms and prospects. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1209947. [PMID: 37649478 PMCID: PMC10463184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the first-line standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation. However, resistance to EGFR-TKIs is inevitable. Currently, most studies on the mechanism of EGFR-TKIs resistance mainly focus on the spontaneous resistance phenotype of NSCLC cells. Studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) also mediates EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), one of the central immune cells in the TME of NSCLC, play an essential role in mediating EGFR-TKIs resistance. This study aims to comprehensively review the current mechanisms underlying TAM-mediated resistance to EGFR-TKIs and discuss the potential efficacy of combining EGFR-TKIs with targeted TAMs therapy. Combining EGFR-TKIs with TAMs targeting may improve the prognosis of NSCLC with EGFR mutation to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheng Fang
- Departments of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Departments of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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18
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Tao H, Zhong X, Zeng A, Song L. Unveiling the veil of lactate in tumor-associated macrophages: a successful strategy for immunometabolic therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1208870. [PMID: 37564659 PMCID: PMC10411982 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1208870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate, traditionally regarded as a metabolic waste product at the terminal of the glycolysis process, has recently been found to have multifaceted functional roles in metabolism and beyond. A metabolic reprogramming phenomenon commonly seen in tumor cells, known as the "Warburg effect," sees high levels of aerobic glycolysis result in an excessive production of lactate. This lactate serves as a substrate that sustains not only the survival of cancer cells but also immune cells. However, it also inhibits the function of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a group of innate immune cells ubiquitously present in solid tumors, thereby facilitating the immune evasion of malignant tumor cells. Characterized by their high plasticity, TAMs are generally divided into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and the pro-tumour M2 phenotype. Through a process of 'education' by lactate, TAMs tend to adopt an immunosuppressive phenotype and collaborate with tumor cells to promote angiogenesis. Additionally, there is growing evidence linking metabolic reprogramming with epigenetic modifications, suggesting the participation of histone modification in diverse cellular events within the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we delve into recent discoveries concerning lactate metabolism in tumors, with a particular focus on the impact of lactate on the function of TAMs. We aim to consolidate the molecular mechanisms underlying lactate-induced TAM polarization and angiogenesis and explore the lactate-mediated crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells. Finally, we also touch upon the latest progress in immunometabolic therapies and drug delivery strategies targeting glycolysis and lactate production, offering new perspectives for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Tao
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuansheng Zhong
- Clinical Medicine Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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19
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Li M, Yang Y, Xiong L, Jiang P, Wang J, Li C. Metabolism, metabolites, and macrophages in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:80. [PMID: 37491279 PMCID: PMC10367370 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial components of the tumour microenvironment and play a significant role in tumour development and drug resistance by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Macrophages are essential components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems and contribute to pathogen resistance and the regulation of organism homeostasis. Macrophage function and polarization are closely linked to altered metabolism. Generally, M1 macrophages rely primarily on aerobic glycolysis, whereas M2 macrophages depend on oxidative metabolism. Metabolic studies have revealed that the metabolic signature of TAMs and metabolites in the tumour microenvironment regulate the function and polarization of TAMs. However, the precise effects of metabolic reprogramming on tumours and TAMs remain incompletely understood. In this review, we discuss the impact of metabolic pathways on macrophage function and polarization as well as potential strategies for reprogramming macrophage metabolism in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liting Xiong
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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20
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Xu N, Meng X, Chu H, Yang Z, Jiao Y, Li Y. The prognostic significance of KLRB1 and its further association with immune cells in breast cancer. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15654. [PMID: 37520246 PMCID: PMC10373647 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Killer cell lectin-like receptor B1 (KLRB1) is an important member of the natural killer cell gene family. This study explored the potential value of KLRB1 as a breast cancer (BC) biomarker and its close association with the tumor immune microenvironment during the development of BC. Methods We examined the differential expression of KLRB1 in pan-cancer. Clinical and RNA-Seq data from BC samples were evaluated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The relationship between KLRB1 and clinical parameters was explored through Chi-square tests. The diagnostic value of KLRB1 was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Survival analysis was tested by Kaplan-Meier curves to demonstrate the relationship between KLRB1 and survival. Univariable and multivariate cox regression analyses were carried out as well. The analysis of immune infiltration level and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to examine KLRB1's mechanism during the progression of BC. We used the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), the Cancer Single-cell Expression Map (CancerSCEM) database, the Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH) database, and the Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) method to explore KLRB1's association with immune infiltration level and different quantitative distribution of immune cells. The relevant signaling pathways in BC associated with KLRB1 were identified using GSEA. Results The expression of KLRB1 was downregulated across the majority of cancers including BC. The lower KLRB1 expression group exhibited shorter relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). IHC staining showed that KLRB1 staining was weaker in breast tumor tissues than in paratumors. Additionally, GSEA identified several pathway items distinctly enriched in BC. KLRB1 expression level was also positively related to the infiltrating number of immune cells in BC. Moreover, the CancerSCEM and TISCH databases as well as the CIBERSORT method demonstrated the close relationship between KLRB1 and immune cells, particularly macrophages. Conclusion Low KLRB1 expression was considered an independent prognostic biomarker and played an important role in the tumor immune microenvironment of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyu Chu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoying Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Youjun Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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21
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Salemme V, Centonze G, Avalle L, Natalini D, Piccolantonio A, Arina P, Morellato A, Ala U, Taverna D, Turco E, Defilippi P. The role of tumor microenvironment in drug resistance: emerging technologies to unravel breast cancer heterogeneity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170264. [PMID: 37265795 PMCID: PMC10229846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, at both inter- and intra-tumor levels, and this heterogeneity is a crucial determinant of malignant progression and response to treatments. In addition to genetic diversity and plasticity of cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor heterogeneity shaping the physical and biological surroundings of the tumor. The activity of certain types of immune, endothelial or mesenchymal cells in the microenvironment can change the effectiveness of cancer therapies via a plethora of different mechanisms. Therefore, deciphering the interactions between the distinct cell types, their spatial organization and their specific contribution to tumor growth and drug sensitivity is still a major challenge. Dissecting intra-tumor heterogeneity is currently an urgent need to better define breast cancer biology and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting the microenvironment as helpful tools for combined and personalized treatment. In this review, we analyze the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment affects the characteristics of tumor heterogeneity that ultimately result in drug resistance, and we outline state of the art preclinical models and emerging technologies that will be instrumental in unraveling the impact of the tumor microenvironment on resistance to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salemme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Centonze
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Lidia Avalle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Dora Natalini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Piccolantonio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Arina
- UCL, Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Morellato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
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22
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Zhou Y, Wang H, Luo Y, Tuo B, Liu X, Li T. Effect of metabolism on the immune microenvironment of breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188861. [PMID: 36813054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent primary malignancy worldwide with poor prognosis. Despite the development of aggressive interventions, mortality due to BC remains high. BC cells reprogram nutrient metabolism to adapt to the energy acquisition and progression of the tumor. The metabolic changes in cancer cells are closely related to the abnormal function and effect of immune cells and immune factors, including chemokines, cytokines, and other related effector molecules in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to tumor immune escape, whereby the complex crosstalk between immune cells and cancer cells has been considered the key mechanism regulating cancer progression. In this review, we summarized the latest findings on metabolism-related processes in the immune microenvironment during BC progression. Our findings showing the impact of metabolism on the immune microenvironment may suggest new strategies for regulating the immune microenvironment and attenuating BC through metabolic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingming Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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23
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Zhan C, Jin Y, Xu X, Shao J, Jin C. Antitumor therapy for breast cancer: Focus on tumor-associated macrophages and nanosized drug delivery systems. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 36794651 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast cancer (BC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment and are closely related to poor prognosis. A growing number of studies have focused on the role of TAMs in BC progression and therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs. As an emerging treatment, the application of nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs) in the treatment of BC by targeting TAMs has attracted much attention. AIMS This review is to summarize the characteristics and treatment strategies targeting TAMs in BC and to clarify the applications of NDDSs targeting TAMs in the treatment of BC by targeting TAMs. MATERIALS & METHODS The existing results related to characteristics of TAMs in BC, BC treatment strategies by targeting TAMs, and the applications of NDDSs in these strategies are described. Through analyzing these results, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment strategies using NDDSs are discussed, which could provide advices on designing NDDSs for BC treatment. RESULTS TAMs are one of the most prominent noncancer cell types in BC. TAMs not only promote angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis but also lead to therapeutic resistance and immunosuppression. Mainly four strategies have been used to target TAMs for BC therapy, which include depleting macrophages, blocking recruitment, reprogramming to attain an anti-tumor phenotype, and increasing phagocytosis. Since NDDSs can efficiently deliver drugs to TAMs with low toxicity, they are promising approaches for targeting TAMs in tumor therapy. NDDSs with various structures can deliver immunotherapeutic agents and nucleic acid therapeutics to TAMs. In addition, NDDSs can realize combination therapies. DISCUSSION TAMs play a critical role in the progression of BC. An increasing number of strategies have been proposed to regulate TAMs. Compared with free drugs, NDDSs targeting TAMs improve drug concentration, reduce toxicity and realize combination therapies. However, in order to achieve better therapeutic efficacy, there are still some disadvantages that need to be considered in the design of NDDSs. CONCLUSION TAMs play an important role in the progression of BC, and targeting TAMs is a promising strategy for BC therapy. In particular, NDDSs targeting TAMs have unique advantages and are potential treatments for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinzhi Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangbo Shao
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxiang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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Potential Therapies Targeting the Metabolic Reprogramming of Diabetes-Associated Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13010157. [PMID: 36675817 PMCID: PMC9861470 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, diabetes-associated breast cancer has become a significant clinical challenge. Diabetes is not only a risk factor for breast cancer but also worsens its prognosis. Patients with diabetes usually show hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which are accompanied by different glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism disorders. Metabolic abnormalities observed in diabetes can induce the occurrence and development of breast cancer. The changes in substrate availability and hormone environment not only create a favorable metabolic environment for tumorigenesis but also induce metabolic reprogramming events required for breast cancer cell transformation. Metabolic reprogramming is the basis for the development, swift proliferation, and survival of cancer cells. Metabolism must also be reprogrammed to support the energy requirements of the biosynthetic processes in cancer cells. In addition, metabolic reprogramming is essential to enable cancer cells to overcome apoptosis signals and promote invasion and metastasis. This review aims to describe the major metabolic changes in diabetes and outline how cancer cells can use cellular metabolic changes to drive abnormal growth and proliferation. We will specifically examine the mechanism of metabolic reprogramming by which diabetes may promote the development of breast cancer, focusing on the role of glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism in this process and potential therapeutic targets. Although diabetes-associated breast cancer has always been a common health problem, research focused on finding treatments suitable for the specific needs of patients with concurrent conditions is still limited. Most studies are still currently in the pre-clinical stage and mainly focus on reprogramming the glucose metabolism. More research targeting the amino acid and lipid metabolism is needed.
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25
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Yang M, Sun Y, Ji H, Zhang Q. Identification and validation of endocrine resistance-related and immune-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signatures for predicting endocrinotherapy response and prognosis in breast cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1399. [PMID: 36660659 PMCID: PMC9843421 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Endocrine resistance remains a major challenge in breast cancer (BRCA). Increasing evidence has revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are closely implicated in tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and the immune-related pathways of cancer. However, the immune-related lncRNA remains to be thoroughly investigated in predicting the endocrine therapeutic response and prognosis of BRCA. Methods Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, and calculating the correlation of lncRNAs with immune-related genes obtained from ImmPort and InnateDB databases, we finally obtained endocrine resistance-related and immune-related long non-coding RNAs (ERIR-lncRNAs). Univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were performed to screen prognosis-associated ERIR-lncRNAs and establish signatures, using 2 separate datasets from GEO for external validation. Principal component analysis (PCA), Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and multivariate Cox regression were performed to demonstrate the robustness and predictability of the signature. We investigated tumor immune infiltration and tumor mutation burden (TMB) between high- and low-risk groups, and the role of key lncRNAs in endocrine resistant breast cancer was confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK 8) and transwell assays. Results A total of 781 endocrine resistance related lncRNAs were identified, of which 12 lncRNAs were associated with immunity. Then, three ERIR-lncRNAs with prognostic relevance were screened to successfully construct the risk signature. Compared to sensitive patients, the endocrine resistant patients had higher risk scores in both the training and validation sets (P<0.05). The high-risk group had significantly shorter survival times (P<0.001) with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.710, 0.649, and 0.672 at 1, 3, and 5 years. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression indicated that our signature was an independent prognostic factor (P<0.001). Through immune infiltration analysis, it was revealed that the high-risk scores were associated with T follicular helper (Tfh) differentiation and exhibited a pro-tumor phenomenon with the Th1/Th2 balance shifting toward Th2. The key lncRNAs promote cell proliferation and migration as confirmed by qRT-PCR, CCK-8 and transwell assays. Conclusions The ERIR-lncRNA signature is valuable in predicting endocrine therapeutic response and prognosis of BRCA, revealing a potential relationship between endocrine resistance and TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yutian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongfei Ji
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Heilongjiang Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Heilongjiang Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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26
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Chang M, Hou Z, Wang M, Wen D, Li C, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Lin J. Cu Single Atom Nanozyme Based High‐Efficiency Mild Photothermal Therapy through Cellular Metabolic Regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209245. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Zhiyao Hou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 511436 P. R. China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's Hospital Qingyuan 511518 P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Ding Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
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27
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Meng Y, Xu X, Zuo D. The role of glycolysis and lactate in the induction of tumor-associated macrophages immunosuppressive phenotype. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108994. [PMID: 35777265 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence highlights that glycolysis and tumor-derived lactate could skew tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward an immunosuppressive phenotype. However, the updated research has not been systematically summarized yet. TAMs are educated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert immunosuppressive functions and tumorigenic effects via multiple biological processes. It is well known that lactate generated by aerobic glycolysis is significantly accumulated in TME and promotes tumor progression in solid tumors. Moreover, some recent research demonstrated that glycolysis is activated in TAMs to support M2-like polarization, which is absolutely in contrast with the metabolic profile of M2 macrophages in inflammation. Notably, lactate produced by high levels of glycolysis is not only a metabolic by-product but also an oncometabolite. TAMs could access the biological information delivered by lactate and further enhance protumor functions such as immunosuppression and angiogenesis. Here, we outline the connection between glycolysis and TAM phenotype to elucidate the metabolic characteristics of TAMs. Further, insights into the specific molecular mechanisms of lactate-induced TAM polarization and potential therapeutic targets are summarized. We sought to discuss the reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and TAMs mediated by lactate, which will lay a foundation for the research aiming to elucidate the complex functions of TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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28
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Simón L, Sanhueza S, Gaete-Ramírez B, Varas-Godoy M, Quest AFG. Role of the Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment in Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Transfer of Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:897205. [PMID: 35646668 PMCID: PMC9130576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.897205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of cancer biology have contributed to generating different treatments to improve the survival of cancer patients. However, although initially most of the therapies are effective, relapse and recurrence occur in a large percentage of these cases after the treatment, and patients then die subsequently due to the development of therapy resistance in residual cancer cells. A large spectrum of molecular and cellular mechanisms have been identified as important contributors to therapy resistance, and more recently the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) has been ascribed an important function as a source of signals generated by the TME that modulate cellular processes in the tumor cells, such as to favor the acquisition of therapy resistance. Currently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered one of the main means of communication between cells of the TME and have emerged as crucial modulators of cancer drug resistance. Important in this context is, also, the inflammatory TME that can be caused by several conditions, including hypoxia and following chemotherapy, among others. These inflammatory conditions modulate the release and composition of EVs within the TME, which in turn alters the responses of the tumor cells to cancer therapies. The TME has been ascribed an important function as a source of signals that modulate cellular processes in the tumor cells, such as to favor the acquisition of therapy resistance. Although generally the main cellular components considered to participate in generating a pro-inflammatory TME are from the immune system (for instance, macrophages), more recently other types of cells of the TME have also been shown to participate in this process, including adipocytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, cancer stem cells, as well as the tumor cells. In this review, we focus on summarizing available information relating to the impact of a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment on the release of EVs derived from both cancer cells and cells of the TME, and how these EVs contribute to resistance to cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofía Sanhueza
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Belén Gaete-Ramírez
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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29
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Roles for macrophage-polarizing interleukins in cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:333-353. [PMID: 35587857 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the most abundant and one of the most critical cells of tumor immunity. They provide a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity through releasing cytokines into the tumor microenvironment (TME). A number of interleukin (IL) cytokine family members is involved in shaping the final phenotype of macrophages toward either a classically-activated pro-inflammatory M1 state with anti-tumor activity or an alternatively-activated anti-inflammatory M2 state with pro-tumor activity. Shaping TME macrophages toward the M1 phenotype or recovering this phenotypic state may offer a promising therapeutic approach in patients with cancer. Here, we focus on the impact of macrophage-polarizing ILs on immune cells and IL-mediated cellular cross-interactions within the TME. The key aim of this review is to define therapeutic schedules for addressing ILs in cancer immunotherapy based on their multi-directional impacts in such a milieu. Gathering more knowledge on this area is also important for defining adverse effects related to cytokine therapy and addressing them for reinforcing the efficacy of immunotherapy against cancer.
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30
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Gao G, Li X, Zhang J, Yu H. YY1 as a promoter regulating the circ_0001946/miR-671-5p/EGFR axis to promote chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:2550-2566. [PMID: 35559420 PMCID: PMC9091114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of circ_0001946 activated by transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1), targeting miR-671-5p to regulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and thereby participating in the chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer (BC) cells. METHODS Circ_0001946, which is differentially expressed in BC, was screened using gene expression omnibus. Dual luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were conducted to verify the relationship among circ_0001946/miR-671-5p/EGFR. A ChIP test confirmed that YY1 can be used as a transcription factor of circ_0001946 to specifically bind to its promoter. The expression of circ_0001946/miR-671-5p/EGFR regulatory axis in BC tissues and cell lines were evaluated using qRT-PCR. As for in vitro experiments, tamoxifen was used to establish a drug-resistant BC cell model. The effects of the regulatory axis on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of BC cells were studied using CCK-8, Transwell invasion assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, so as to evaluate its effect on the sensitivity of BC cells to tamoxifen. RESULTS Circ_0001946 showed an abnormally high expression in BC tissues and tamoxifen resistant cells and was up-regulated in an IC50-dependent manner (both P<0.05). Circ_0001946 was activated by YY1 in drug-resistant BC cells. Knockdown of circ_0001946 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and promoted apoptosis of drug-resistant BC cells (all P<0.05). Overexpression of circ_0001946 promoted the proliferation and invasion of drug-resistant BC cells and hindered their apoptosis, which could be partially reversed by miR-671-5p mimics (all P<0.05). EGFR has been proven to be a downstream target gene of miR-671-5p. A knockdown of EGFR improved the malignant biological behavior of drug-resistant BC cells, which could be partially eliminated by overexpression of circ_0001946 (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Circ_0001946 absorbs miR-671-5p to target EGFR to promote the growth and malignant invasion of drug-resistant BC cells, thereby increasing the resistance to tamoxifen. This effect of circ_0001946 may be achieved by transcriptional activation of YY1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Infection Management, Stomatological Hospital, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jiabeini Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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31
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Xiao M, He J, Yin L, Chen X, Zu X, Shen Y. Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Critical Players in Drug Resistance of Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:799428. [PMID: 34992609 PMCID: PMC8724912 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the most critical challenges in breast cancer (BC) treatment. The occurrence and development of drug resistance are closely related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most important immune cells in TIME, are essential for drug resistance in BC treatment. In this article, we summarize the effects of TAMs on the resistance of various drugs in endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, and their underlying mechanisms. Based on the current overview of the key role of TAMs in drug resistance, we discuss the potential possibility for targeting TAMs to reduce drug resistance in BC treatment, By inhibiting the recruitment of TAMs, depleting the number of TAMs, regulating the polarization of TAMs and enhancing the phagocytosis of TAMs. Evidences in our review support it is important to develop novel therapeutic strategies to target TAMs in BC to overcome the treatment of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyu Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liyang Yin
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiguan Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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32
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Patra S, Elahi N, Armorer A, Arunachalam S, Omala J, Hamid I, Ashton AW, Joyce D, Jiao X, Pestell RG. Mechanisms Governing Metabolic Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer and Other Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700629. [PMID: 34631530 PMCID: PMC8495201 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of metabolic priorities promotes tumor progression. Our understanding of the Warburg effect, based on studies of cultured cancer cells, has evolved to a more complex understanding of tumor metabolism within an ecosystem that provides and catabolizes diverse nutrients provided by the local tumor microenvironment. Recent studies have illustrated that heterogeneous metabolic changes occur at the level of tumor type, tumor subtype, within the tumor itself, and within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, altered metabolism occurs in cancer cells and in the tumor microenvironment (fibroblasts, immune cells and fat cells). Herein we describe how these growth advantages are obtained through either “convergent” genetic changes, in which common metabolic properties are induced as a final common pathway induced by diverse oncogene factors, or “divergent” genetic changes, in which distinct factors lead to subtype-selective phenotypes and thereby tumor heterogeneity. Metabolic heterogeneity allows subtyping of cancers and further metabolic heterogeneity occurs within the same tumor mass thought of as “microenvironmental metabolic nesting”. Furthermore, recent findings show that mutations of metabolic genes arise in the majority of tumors providing an opportunity for the development of more robust metabolic models of an individual patient’s tumor. The focus of this review is on the mechanisms governing this metabolic heterogeneity in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Patra
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Naveed Elahi
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Aaron Armorer
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Swathi Arunachalam
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Joshua Omala
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Iman Hamid
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Anthony W Ashton
- Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba.,Program in Cardiovascular Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, United States
| | - David Joyce
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Xuanmao Jiao
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Pensylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Wynnewood, PA, United States.,Xavier University School of Medicine at Aruba, Oranjestad, Aruba.,Cancer Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Wang H, Yung MMH, Ngan HYS, Chan KKL, Chan DW. The Impact of the Tumor Microenvironment on Macrophage Polarization in Cancer Metastatic Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126560. [PMID: 34207286 PMCID: PMC8235734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rather than primary solid tumors, metastasis is one of the hallmarks of most cancer deaths. Metastasis is a multistage event in which cancer cells escape from the primary tumor survive in the circulation and disseminate to distant sites. According to Stephen Paget’s “Seed and Soil” hypothesis, metastatic capacity is determined not only by the internal oncogenic driving force but also by the external environment of tumor cells. Throughout the body, macrophages are required for maintaining tissue homeostasis, even in the tumor milieu. To fulfill these multiple functions, macrophages are polarized from the inflammation status (M1-like) to anti-inflammation status (M2-like) to maintain the balance between inflammation and regeneration. However, tumor cell-enforced tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (a high M2/M1 ratio status) are associated with poor prognosis for most solid tumors, such as ovarian cancer. In fact, clinical evidence has verified that TAMs, representing up to 50% of the tumor mass, exert both protumor and immunosuppressive effects in promoting tumor metastasis through secretion of interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), and VEGF, expression of PD-1 and consumption of arginine to inhibit T cell anti-tumor function. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment favors reprogramming of macrophages to TAMs to establish a premetastatic niche remain controversial. In this review, we examine the latest investigations of TAMs during tumor development, the microenvironmental factors involved in macrophage polarization, and the mechanisms of TAM-mediated tumor metastasis. We hope to dissect the critical roles of TAMs in tumor metastasis, and the potential applications of TAM-targeted therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment are discussed.
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