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Li Y, Pan K, Gao Y, Li J, Zang Y, Li X. Deconvoluting nitric oxide-protein interactions with spatially resolved multiplex imaging. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6562-6571. [PMID: 38699271 PMCID: PMC11062118 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00767k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous imaging of nitric oxide (NO) and its proximal proteins should facilitate the deconvolution of NO-protein interactions. While immunostaining is a primary assay to localize proteins in non-genetically manipulated samples, NO imaging probes with immunostaining-compatible signals remain unexplored. Herein, probe NOP-1 was developed with an NO-triggered proximal protein labeling capacity and fluorogenic signals. The trick is to fuse the native chemical ligation of acyl benzotriazole with the protein-conjugation-induced fluorogenic response of Si-rhodamine fluorophore. NOP-1 predominantly existed in the non-fluorescent spirocyclic form. Yet, its acyl o-phenylenediamine moiety was readily activated by NO into acyl benzotriazole to conjugate proximal proteins, providing a fluorogenic response and translating the transient cellular NO signal into a permanent stain compatible with immunostaining. NOP-1 was utilized to investigate NO signaling in hypoglycemia-induced neurological injury, providing direct evidence of NO-induced apoptosis during hypoglycemia. Mechanistically, multiplex imaging revealed the overlap of cellular NOP-1 fluorescence with immunofluorescence for α-tubulin and NO2-Tyr. Importantly, α-tubulin was resolved from NOP-1 labeled proteins. These results suggest that NO played a role in hypoglycemia-induced apoptosis, at least in part, through nitrating α-tubulin. This study fills a crucial gap in current imaging probes, providing a valuable tool for unraveling the complexities of NO signaling in biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Street Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Kaijun Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yi Zang
- Lingang Laboratory Shanghai 201203 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Street Hangzhou 310058 China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University Jiashan 314100 China
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潘 知, 李 思, 李 玲, 张 燕, 华 子. [Impact of chaperone-mediated autophagy on bilirubin-induced damage of mouse microglial cells]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2024; 26:385-393. [PMID: 38660903 PMCID: PMC11057293 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2312014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) on the damage of mouse microglial BV2 cells induce by unconjugated bilirubin (UCB). METHODS The BV2 cell experiments were divided into two parts. (1) For the CMA activation experiment: control group (treated with an equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide), QX77 group (treated with 20 μmol/L QX77 for 24 hours), UCB group (treated with 40 μmol/L UCB for 24 hours), and UCB+QX77 group (treated with both 20 μmol/L QX77 and 40 μmol/L UCB for 24 hours). (2) For the cell transfection experiment: LAMP2A silencing control group (treated with an equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide), LAMP2A silencing control+UCB group (treated with 40 μmol/L UCB for 24 hours), LAMP2A silencing group (treated with an equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide), and LAMP2A silencing+UCB group (treated with 40 μmol/L UCB for 24 hours). The cell viability was assessed using the modified MTT method. The expression levels of p65, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (caspase-1) were detected by Western blot. The relative mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the cell culture supernatant were measured using ELISA. The co-localization of heat shock cognate protein 70 with p65 and NLRP3 was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Compared to the UCB group, the cell viability in the UCB+QX77 group increased, and the expression levels of inflammation-related proteins p65, NLRP3, and caspase-1, as well as the mRNA relative expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and levels of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, there was co-localization of heat shock cognate protein 70 with p65 and NLRP3 in both the UCB and UCB+QX77 groups. After silencing the LAMP2A gene, compared to the LAMP2A silencing control+UCB group, the LAMP2A silencing+UCB group showed increased expression levels of inflammation-related proteins p65, NLRP3, and caspase-1, as well as increased mRNA relative expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS CMA is inhibited in UCB-induced BV2 cell damage, and activating CMA may reduce p65 and NLRP3 protein levels, suppress inflammatory responses, and counteract bilirubin neurotoxicity.
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Behrooz AB, Cordani M, Fiore A, Donadelli M, Gordon JW, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. The obesity-autophagy-cancer axis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:24-44. [PMID: 38309540 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-degradative process vital for cellular homeostasis, plays a significant role in adipose tissue metabolism and tumorigenesis. This review aims to elucidate the complex interplay between autophagy, obesity, and cancer development, with a specific emphasis on how obesity-driven changes affect the regulation of autophagy and subsequent implications for cancer risk. The burgeoning epidemic of obesity underscores the relevance of this research, particularly given the established links between obesity, autophagy, and various cancers. Our exploration delves into hormonal influence, notably INS (insulin) and LEP (leptin), on obesity and autophagy interactions. Further, we draw attention to the latest findings on molecular factors linking obesity to cancer, including hormonal changes, altered metabolism, and secretory autophagy. We posit that targeting autophagy modulation may offer a potent therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancer, pointing to promising advancements in nanocarrier-based targeted therapies for autophagy modulation. However, we also recognize the challenges inherent to these approaches, particularly concerning their precision, control, and the dual roles autophagy can play in cancer. Future research directions include identifying novel biomarkers, refining targeted therapies, and harmonizing these approaches with precision medicine principles, thereby contributing to a more personalized, effective treatment paradigm for obesity-mediated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Wu J, Han Y, Xu H, Sun H, Wang R, Ren H, Wang G. Deficient chaperone-mediated autophagy facilitates LPS-induced microglial activation via regulation of the p300/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi8343. [PMID: 37801503 PMCID: PMC10558133 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological change that is involved in the progression of Parkinson's disease. Dysfunction of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) has proinflammatory effects. However, the mechanism by which CMA mediates inflammation and whether CMA affects microglia and microglia-mediated neuronal damage remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that LAMP2A, a limiting protein for CMA, was decreased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated primary microglia. Activation of CMA by the activator CA significantly repressed LPS-induced microglial activation, whereas CMA dysfunction exacerbated microglial activation. We further identified that the protein p300 was a substrate of CMA. Degradation of p300 by CMA reduced p65 acetylation, thereby inhibiting the transcription of proinflammatory factors and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, CA pretreatment inhibited microglia-mediated inflammation and, in turn, attenuated neuronal death in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest repressive effects of CMA on microglial activation through the p300-associated NF-κB signaling pathway, thus uncovering a mechanistic link between CMA and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyang Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haigang Ren
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Yao R, Shen J. Chaperone-mediated autophagy: Molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e347. [PMID: 37655052 PMCID: PMC10466100 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosomal degradation pathway that eliminates substrate proteins through heat-shock cognate protein 70 recognition and lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A-assisted translocation. It is distinct from macroautophagy and microautophagy. In recent years, the regulatory mechanisms of CMA have been gradually enriched, including the newly discovered NRF2 and p38-TFEB signaling, as positive and negative regulatory pathways of CMA, respectively. Normal CMA activity is involved in the regulation of metabolism, aging, immunity, cell cycle, and other physiological processes, while CMA dysfunction may be involved in the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders, tumors, intestinal disorders, atherosclerosis, and so on, which provides potential targets for the treatment and prediction of related diseases. This article describes the general process of CMA and its role in physiological activities and summarizes the connection between CMA and macroautophagy. In addition, human diseases that concern the dysfunction or protective role of CMA are discussed. Our review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms and physiological functions of CMA and provides a summary of past CMA research and a vision of future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchen Yao
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKey Laboratory of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMinistry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research CenterShanghaiChina
- Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKey Laboratory of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMinistry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research CenterShanghaiChina
- Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseShanghaiChina
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Ji C, Zheng X, Li S, Liu C, Yin M. Perylenediimides with Enhanced Autophagy Inhibition for a Dual-Light Activatable Photothermal Gas Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37450943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of tumors. However, the intrinsic self-repair mechanism of cells and the nonspecific photothermal effect of photothermal agents can result in poor treatment outcomes and normal tissue injury. To address this issue, we developed a dual light activatable perylenediimide derivative (P-NO) for nitric oxide-enhanced PTT. P-NO can self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. The P-NO nanoparticles are capable of releasing both NO and a photothermal molecule (P-NH) upon green light irradiation. The simultaneous release of NO and P-NH activates the photothermal effect and inhibits cell protection autophagy, thereby improving the therapeutic efficacy of PTT under near-infrared (NIR) light. Moreover, the switch on of NIR fluorescence allows real-time monitoring of the release of P-NH. Remarkably, in a mouse subcutaneous tumor model, significant tumor ablation can be achieved following dual light activated photothermal gas therapy. This work offers a promising and straightforward approach to constructing activatable perylenediimide-based photothermal agents for enhancing the effectiveness of photothermal gas therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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Gao Q, Jia F, Li X, Kong Y, Tian Z, Bi L, Li L. Biophysical cues to improve the immunomodulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells: The progress and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114655. [PMID: 37031489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can maintain immune homeostasis and many preclinical trials with MSCs have been carried out around the world. In vitro culture of MSCs has been found to result in the decline of immunomodulatory capacity, migration and proliferation. To address these problems, simulating the extracellular environment for preconditioning of MSCs is a promising and inexpensive method. Biophysical cues in the external environment that MSCs are exposed to have been shown to affect MSC migration, residency, differentiation, secretion, etc. We review the main ways in which MSCs exert their immunomodulatory ability, and summarize recent advances in mechanical preconditioning of MSCs to enhance immunomodulatory capacity and related mechanical signal sensing and transduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fangru Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiangpan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yanan Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenya Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lintao Bi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Secretome: Enhanced Immunotherapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021277. [PMID: 36674790 PMCID: PMC9864323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing, multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory properties, have been extensively studied in the field of regenerative medicine and proved to have significant therapeutic potential in many different pathological conditions. The role of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine components, namely secretome. However, the components of MSC-derived secretome are not constant and are affected by the stimulation MSCs are exposed to. Therefore, the content and composition of secretome can be regulated by the pretreatment of MSCs. We summarize the effects of different pretreatments on MSCs and their secretome, focusing on their immunomodulatory properties, in order to provide new insights for the therapeutic application of MSCs and their secretome in inflammatory immune diseases.
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9
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Chaperone-mediated autophagy: mechanisms and physiological relevance. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Pharmacological Opportunities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142250. [PMID: 35883693 PMCID: PMC9323300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a protein degradation mechanism through lysosomes. By targeting the KFERQ motif of the substrate, CMA is responsible for the degradation of about 30% of cytosolic proteins, including a series of proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The fact that decreased activity of CMA is observed in NDs, and ND-associated mutant proteins, including alpha-synuclein and Tau, directly impair CMA activity reveals a possible vicious cycle of CMA impairment and pathogenic protein accumulation in ND development. Given the intrinsic connection between CMA dysfunction and ND, enhancement of CMA has been regarded as a strategy to counteract ND. Indeed, genetic and pharmacological approaches to modulate CMA have been shown to promote the degradation of ND-associated proteins and alleviate ND phenotypes in multiple ND models. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism of CMA with a focus on its relationship with NDs and discusses the therapeutic potential of CMA modulation for ND.
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11
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Vitale E, Perveen S, Rossin D, Lo Iacono M, Rastaldo R, Giachino C. Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Ageing Biology and Rejuvenation of Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:912470. [PMID: 35837330 PMCID: PMC9273769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.912470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
What lies at the basis of the mechanisms that regulate the maintenance and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells is still an open question. The control of stemness derives from a fine regulation between transcriptional and metabolic factors. In the last years, an emerging topic has concerned the involvement of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) as a key mechanism in stem cell pluripotency control acting as a bridge between epigenetic, transcriptional and differentiation regulation. This review aims to clarify this new and not yet well-explored horizon discussing the recent studies regarding the CMA impact on embryonic, mesenchymal, and haematopoietic stem cells. The review will discuss how CMA influences embryonic stem cell activity promoting self-renewal or differentiation, its involvement in maintaining haematopoietic stem cell function by increasing their functionality during the normal ageing process and its effects on mesenchymal stem cells, in which modulation of CMA regulates immunosuppressive and differentiation properties. Finally, the importance of these new discoveries and their relevance for regenerative medicine applications, from transplantation to cell rejuvenation, will be addressed.
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Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Stroke: Recent Insights into Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3450207. [PMID: 35720192 PMCID: PMC9200548 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3450207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Autophagy is a conserved cellular catabolic pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis by removal of damaged proteins and organelles, which is critical for the maintenance of energy and function homeostasis of cells. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that autophagy plays important roles in pathophysiological mechanisms under ischemic stroke. Previous investigations show that autophagy serves as a “double-edged sword” in ischemic stroke as it can either promote the survival of neuronal cells or induce cell death in special conditions. Following ischemic stroke, autophagy is activated or inhibited in several cell types in brain, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, as well as microvascular endothelial cells, which involves in inflammatory activation, modulation of microglial phenotypes, and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, the exact mechanisms of underlying the role of autophagy in ischemic stroke are not fully understood. This review focuses on the recent advances regarding potential molecular mechanisms of autophagy in different cell types. The focus is also on discussing the “double-edged sword” effect of autophagy in ischemic stroke and its possible underlying mechanisms. In addition, potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke targeting autophagy are also reviewed.
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Ni L, Wei Y, Pan J, Li X, Xu B, Deng Y, Yang T, Liu W. Shedding New Light on Methylmercury-induced Neurotoxicity Through the Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis. Toxicol Lett 2022; 359:55-64. [PMID: 35122893 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a bio-accumulative global environmental contaminant present in fish and seafood. MeHg accumulates in the aquatic environment and eventually reaches the human system via the food chain by bio-magnification. The central nervous system is the primary target of toxicity and is particularly vulnerable during development. It is well documented that developmental MeHg exposure can lead to neurological alterations, including cognitive and motor dysfunction. Apoptosis is a primary characteristic of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, and may be regulated by autophagic activity. However, mechanisms mediating the interaction between apoptosis and autophagy remains to be explored. Autophagy is an adaptive response under stressful conditions, and the basal level of autophagy ensures the physiological turnover of old and damaged organelles. Autophagy can regulate cell fate through different crosstalk signaling pathways. A complex interplay between autophagy and apoptosis determines the degree of apoptosis and the progression of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity as demonstrated by pre-clinical models and clinical trials. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of autophagy and apoptosis in MeHg neurotoxicity and thoroughly explores the relationship between them. The autophagic pathway may be a potential therapeutic target in MeHg neurotoxicity through modulation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Ni
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Metformin activates chaperone-mediated autophagy and improves disease pathologies in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. Protein Cell 2021; 12:769-787. [PMID: 34291435 PMCID: PMC8464644 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosome-dependent selective degradation pathway implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that regulate CMA are not fully understood. Here, using unbiased drug screening approaches, we discover Metformin, a drug that is commonly the first medication prescribed for type 2 diabetes, can induce CMA. We delineate the mechanism of CMA induction by Metformin to be via activation of TAK1-IKKα/β signaling that leads to phosphorylation of Ser85 of the key mediator of CMA, Hsc70, and its activation. Notably, we find that amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is a CMA substrate and that it binds to Hsc70 in an IKKα/β-dependent manner. The inhibition of CMA-mediated degradation of APP enhances its cytotoxicity. Importantly, we find that in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), activation of CMA by Hsc70 overexpression or Metformin potently reduces the accumulated brain Aβ plaque levels and reverses the molecular and behavioral AD phenotypes. Our study elucidates a novel mechanism of CMA regulation via Metformin-TAK1-IKKα/β-Hsc70 signaling and suggests Metformin as a new activator of CMA for diseases, such as AD, where such therapeutic intervention could be beneficial.
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15
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Auzmendi-Iriarte J, Matheu A. Impact of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Brain Aging: Neurodegenerative Diseases and Glioblastoma. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:630743. [PMID: 33633561 PMCID: PMC7901968 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.630743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is characterized by a time-dependent decline of tissue integrity and function, and it is a major risk for neurodegenerative diseases and brain cancer. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a selective form of autophagy specialized in protein degradation, which is based on the individual translocation of a cargo protein through the lysosomal membrane. Regulation of processes such as proteostasis, cellular energetics, or immune system activity has been associated with CMA, indicating its pivotal role in tissue homeostasis. Since first studies associating Parkinson’s disease (PD) to CMA dysfunction, increasing evidence points out that CMA is altered in both physiological and pathological brain aging. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of CMA during aging in brain physiopathology, highlighting the role of CMA in neurodegenerative diseases and glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation, Bilbao, Spain
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16
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Liao Z, Wang B, Liu W, Xu Q, Hou L, Song J, Guo Q, Li N. Dysfunction of chaperone-mediated autophagy in human diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1439-1454. [PMID: 33389491 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), one of the degradation pathways of proteins, is highly selective to substrates that have KFERQ-like motif. In this process, the substrate proteins are first recognized by the chaperone protein, heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), then delivered to lysosomal membrane surface where the single-span lysosomal receptor, lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A) can bind to the substrate proteins to form a 700 kDa protein complex that allows them to translocate into the lysosome lumen to be degraded by the hydrolytic enzymes. This degradation pathway mediated by CMA plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, transcription, DNA reparation, cell cycle, cellular response to stress and consequently, regulating many aging-associated human diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of current research on the functional roles of CMA primarily from a perspective of understanding and treating human diseases and also discuss its potential applications for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Electronic Information, Micro-Nano Technology College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinlian Song
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingming Guo
- Biotherapy Center, Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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17
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Bhaskar S, Sinha A, Banach M, Mittoo S, Weissert R, Kass JS, Rajagopal S, Pai AR, Kutty S. Cytokine Storm in COVID-19-Immunopathological Mechanisms, Clinical Considerations, and Therapeutic Approaches: The REPROGRAM Consortium Position Paper. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1648. [PMID: 32754159 PMCID: PMC7365905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm is an acute hyperinflammatory response that may be responsible for critical illness in many conditions including viral infections, cancer, sepsis, and multi-organ failure. The phenomenon has been implicated in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus implicated in COVID-19. Critically ill COVID-19 patients experiencing cytokine storm are believed to have a worse prognosis and increased fatality rate. In SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, cytokine storm appears important to the pathogenesis of several severe manifestations of COVID-19: acute respiratory distress syndrome, thromboembolic diseases such as acute ischemic strokes caused by large vessel occlusion and myocardial infarction, encephalitis, acute kidney injury, and vasculitis (Kawasaki-like syndrome in children and renal vasculitis in adult). Understanding the pathogenesis of cytokine storm will help unravel not only risk factors for the condition but also therapeutic strategies to modulate the immune response and deliver improved outcomes in COVID-19 patients at high risk for severe disease. In this article, we present an overview of the cytokine storm and its implications in COVID-19 settings and identify potential pathways or biomarkers that could be targeted for therapy. Leveraging expert opinion, emerging evidence, and a case-based approach, this position paper provides critical insights on cytokine storm from both a prognostic and therapeutic standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Bhaskar
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Neurology & Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital and South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory & NSW Brain Clot Bank, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Akansha Sinha
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- The University of New South Wales, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maciej Banach
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Shikha Mittoo
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Rheumatology, University Health Network and The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Weissert
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joseph S. Kass
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Neurology, Ben Taub General Hospital and Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Santhosh Rajagopal
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- World Health Organisation, Country Office for India, NPSP, Madurai, India
| | - Anupama R. Pai
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shelby Kutty
- Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium, REPROGRAM Immunity Sub-committee
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Heart Center, John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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