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Turner MC, Radzikowska U, Ferastraoaru DE, Pascal M, Wesseling P, McCraw A, Backes C, Bax HJ, Bergmann C, Bianchini R, Cari L, de Las Vecillas L, Izquierdo E, Lind-Holm Mogensen F, Michelucci A, Nazarov PV, Niclou SP, Nocentini G, Ollert M, Preusser M, Rohr-Udilova N, Scafidi A, Toth R, Van Hemelrijck M, Weller M, Jappe U, Escribese MM, Jensen-Jarolim E, Karagiannis SN, Poli A. AllergoOncology: Biomarkers and refined classification for research in the allergy and glioma nexus-A joint EAACI-EANO position paper. Allergy 2024; 79:1419-1439. [PMID: 38263898 DOI: 10.1111/all.15994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between allergic diseases and cancer risk or prognosis in AllergoOncology. Some studies suggest an inverse association, but uncertainties remain, including in IgE-mediated diseases and glioma. Allergic disease stems from a Th2-biased immune response to allergens in predisposed atopic individuals. Allergic disorders vary in phenotype, genotype and endotype, affecting their pathophysiology. Beyond clinical manifestation and commonly used clinical markers, there is ongoing research to identify novel biomarkers for allergy diagnosis, monitoring, severity assessment and treatment. Gliomas, the most common and diverse brain tumours, have in parallel undergone changes in classification over time, with specific molecular biomarkers defining glioma subtypes. Gliomas exhibit a complex tumour-immune interphase and distinct immune microenvironment features. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy hold promise for primary brain tumour treatment, but require more specific and effective approaches. Animal studies indicate allergic airway inflammation may delay glioma progression. This collaborative European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) Position Paper summarizes recent advances and emerging biomarkers for refined allergy and adult-type diffuse glioma classification to inform future epidemiological and clinical studies. Future research is needed to enhance our understanding of immune-glioma interactions to ultimately improve patient prognosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Denisa E Ferastraoaru
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Immunology Department, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Childhood Cancer Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra McCraw
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Claudine Backes
- National Cancer Registry (Registre National du Cancer (RNC)), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
- Public Health Expertise Unit, Department of Precision Health, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (EPI CAN), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christoph Bergmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, RKM740 Interdisciplinary Clinics, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute Vienna, University of Veterinary Medecine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luigi Cari
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Elena Izquierdo
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frida Lind-Holm Mogensen
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Petr V Nazarov
- Multiomics Data Science, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Simone P Niclou
- Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- NORLUX Neuro-Oncology laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Nocentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Liver Cancer (HCC) Study Group Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Scafidi
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Reka Toth
- Multiomics Data Science, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uta Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Maria M Escribese
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute Vienna, University of Veterinary Medecine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Choi JY, Byeon HW, Park SO, Uyangaa E, Kim K, Eo SK. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2 enhances resistance to viral neuroinflammation by facilitating M1-polarization of macrophages at the extraneural tissues. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:115. [PMID: 38698374 PMCID: PMC11067137 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play a pivotal role in the regulation of Japanese encephalitis (JE), a severe neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) following infection with JE virus (JEV). Macrophages are known for their heterogeneity, polarizing into M1 or M2 phenotypes in the context of various immunopathological diseases. A comprehensive understanding of macrophage polarization and its relevance to JE progression holds significant promise for advancing JE control and therapeutic strategies. METHODS To elucidate the role of NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in JE progression, we assessed viral load, M1 macrophage accumulation, and cytokine production in WT and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-deficient mice using murine JE model. Additionally, we employed bone marrow (BM) cell-derived macrophages to delineate ROS-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization by ROS following JEV infection. RESULTS NOX2-deficient mice exhibited increased resistance to JE progression rather than heightened susceptibility, driven by the regulation of macrophage polarization. These mice displayed reduced viral loads in peripheral lymphoid tissues and the CNS, along with diminished infiltration of inflammatory cells into the CNS, thereby resulting in attenuated neuroinflammation. Additionally, NOX2-deficient mice exhibited enhanced JEV-specific Th1 CD4 + and CD8 + T cell responses and increased accumulation of M1 macrophages producing IL-12p40 and iNOS in peripheral lymphoid and inflamed extraneural tissues. Mechanistic investigations revealed that NOX2-deficient macrophages displayed a more pronounced differentiation into M1 phenotypes in response to JEV infection, thereby leading to the suppression of viral replication. Importantly, the administration of H2O2 generated by NOX2 was shown to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Finally, oral administration of the ROS scavenger, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), bolstered resistance to JE progression and reduced viral loads in both extraneural tissues and the CNS, along with facilitated accumulation of M1 macrophages. CONCLUSION In light of our results, it is suggested that ROS generated by NOX2 play a role in undermining the control of JEV replication within peripheral extraneural tissues, primarily by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization. Subsequently, this leads to an augmentation in the viral load invading the CNS, thereby facilitating JE progression. Hence, our findings ultimately underscore the significance of ROS-mediated macrophage polarization in the context of JE progression initiated JEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Won Byeon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ok Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Erdenebileg Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
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Grunwald C, Krętowska-Grunwald A, Adamska-Patruno E, Kochanowicz J, Kułakowska A, Chorąży M. The Role of Selected Interleukins in the Development and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2589. [PMID: 38473835 PMCID: PMC10932438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a disabling inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Given that multiple sclerosis remains an incurable disease, the management of MS predominantly focuses on reducing relapses and decelerating the progression of both physical and cognitive decline. The continuous autoimmune process modulated by cytokines seems to be a vital contributing factor to the development and relapse of multiple sclerosis. This review sought to summarize the role of selected interleukins in the pathogenesis and advancement of MS. Patients with MS in the active disease phase seem to exhibit an increased serum level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22 and IL-33 compared to healthy controls and patients in remission, while IL-10 appears to have a beneficial impact in preventing the progression of the disease. Despite being usually associated with proinflammatory activity, several studies have additionally recognized a neuroprotective role of IL-13, IL-22 and IL-33. Moreover, selected gene polymorphisms of IL-2R, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13 and IL-22 were identified as a possible risk factor related to MS development. Treatment strategies of multiple sclerosis that either target or utilize these cytokines seem rather promising, but more comprehensive research is necessary to gain a clearer understanding of how these cytokines precisely affect MS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Grunwald
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (J.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Krętowska-Grunwald
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Edyta Adamska-Patruno
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (J.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (J.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika Chorąży
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (J.K.); (A.K.)
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Vacharasin JM, Ward JA, McCord MM, Cox K, Imitola J, Lizarraga SB. Neuroimmune mechanisms in autism etiology - untangling a complex problem using human cellular models. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 3:kvae003. [PMID: 38665176 PMCID: PMC11044813 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 36 people and is more often diagnosed in males than in females. Core features of ASD are impaired social interactions, repetitive behaviors and deficits in verbal communication. ASD is a highly heterogeneous and heritable disorder, yet its underlying genetic causes account only for up to 80% of the cases. Hence, a subset of ASD cases could be influenced by environmental risk factors. Maternal immune activation (MIA) is a response to inflammation during pregnancy, which can lead to increased inflammatory signals to the fetus. Inflammatory signals can cross the placenta and blood brain barriers affecting fetal brain development. Epidemiological and animal studies suggest that MIA could contribute to ASD etiology. However, human mechanistic studies have been hindered by a lack of experimental systems that could replicate the impact of MIA during fetal development. Therefore, mechanisms altered by inflammation during human pre-natal brain development, and that could underlie ASD pathogenesis have been largely understudied. The advent of human cellular models with induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) and organoid technology is closing this gap in knowledge by providing both access to molecular manipulations and culturing capability of tissue that would be otherwise inaccessible. We present an overview of multiple levels of evidence from clinical, epidemiological, and cellular studies that provide a potential link between higher ASD risk and inflammation. More importantly, we discuss how stem cell-derived models may constitute an ideal experimental system to mechanistically interrogate the effect of inflammation during the early stages of brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janay M Vacharasin
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Childhood Neurotherapeutics, Univ. of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Francis Marion University, 4822 East Palmetto Street, Florence, S.C. 29506, USA
| | - Joseph A Ward
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, & Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute of Brain Science, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Mikayla M McCord
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Childhood Neurotherapeutics, Univ. of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Kaitlin Cox
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Childhood Neurotherapeutics, Univ. of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Jaime Imitola
- Laboratory of Neural Stem Cells and Functional Neurogenetics, UConn Health, Departments of Neuroscience, Neurology, Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-5357, USA
| | - Sofia B Lizarraga
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, & Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute of Brain Science, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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Jiang R, Lu Z, Wang C, Tu W, Yao Q, Shen J, Zhu X, Wang Z, Chen Y, Yang Y, Kang K, Gong P. Astrocyte-derived Interleukin-31 causes poor prognosis in elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Pathol 2024:e13245. [PMID: 38354695 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is increasing every year, with very high rates of mortality and disability. The prognosis of elderly ICH patients is extremely unfavorable. Interleukin, as an important participant in building the inflammatory microenvironment of the central nervous system after ICH, has long been the focus of neuroimmunology research. However, there are no studies on the role IL31 play in the pathologic process of ICH. We collected para-lesion tissue for immunofluorescence and flow cytometry from the elderly and young ICH patients who underwent surgery. Here, we found that IL31 expression in the lesion of elderly ICH patients was significantly higher than that of young patients. The activation of astrocytes after ICH releases a large amount of IL31, which binds to microglia through IL31R, causing a large number of microglia to converge to the hematoma area, leading to the spread of neuroinflammation, apoptosis of neurons, and ultimately resulting in poorer recovery of nerve function. Interfering with IL31 expression suppresses neuroinflammation and promotes the recovery of neurological function. Our study demonstrated that elderly patients release more IL31 after ICH than young patients. IL31 promotes the progression of neuroinflammation, leading to neuronal apoptosis as well as neurological decline. Suppression of high IL31 concentrations in the brain after ICH may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Jiangsu Medical Innovation Center, Neurological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - WenJun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Jiangsu Medical Innovation Center, Neurological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiabing Shen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xingjia Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ziheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Bio-bank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Centre for Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Yixun Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Trauma Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical school of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kaijiang Kang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Jiangsu Medical Innovation Center, Neurological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Qi H. Neuroimmunology: reviews and perspectives on recent advances. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1257-1258. [PMID: 37872389 PMCID: PMC10616080 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Rd., Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Ge Z, Zhang Q, Lin W, Jiang X, Zhang Y. The role of angiogenic growth factors in the immune microenvironment of glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1254694. [PMID: 37790751 PMCID: PMC10542410 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1254694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) are a class of secreted cytokines related to angiogenesis that mainly include vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and angiopoietins (ANGs). Accumulating evidence indicates that the role of AGFs is not only limited to tumor angiogenesis but also participating in tumor progression by other mechanisms that go beyond their angiogenic role. AGFs were shown to be upregulated in the glioma microenvironment characterized by extensive angiogenesis and high immunosuppression. AGFs produced by tumor and stromal cells can exert an immunomodulatory role in the glioma microenvironment by interacting with immune cells. This review aims to sum up the interactions among AGFs, immune cells and cancer cells with a particular emphasis on glioma and tries to provide new perspectives for understanding the glioma immune microenvironment and in-depth explorations for anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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