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Zeng R, Chen T, Li X, Cao J, Li J, Xu X, Zhang L, Chen Y. Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the mechanism of peanut kernel weight reduction under waterlogging stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3198-3214. [PMID: 38722055 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Waterlogging stress (WS) hinders kernel development and directly reduces peanut yield; however, the mechanism of kernel filling in response to WS remains unknown. The waterlogging-sensitive variety Huayu 39 was subjected to WS for 3 days at 7 days after the gynophores touched the ground (DAG). We found that WS affected kernel filling at 14, 21, and 28 DAG. WS decreased the average filling rate and kernel dry weight, while transcriptome sequencing and widely targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that WS inhibited the gene expression in starch and sucrose metabolism, which reduced sucrose input and transformation ability. Additionally, genes related to ethylene and melatonin synthesis and the accumulation of tryptophan and methionine were upregulated in response to WS. WS upregulated the expression of the gene encoding tryptophan decarboxylase (AhTDC), and overexpression of AhTDC in Arabidopsis significantly reduced the seed length, width, and weight. Therefore, WS reduced the kernel-filling rate, leading to a reduction in the 100-kernel weight. This survey informs the development of measures that alleviate the negative impact of WS on peanut yield and quality and provides a basis for exploring high-yield and high-quality cultivation, molecular-assisted breeding, and waterlogging prevention in peanut farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruier Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Aghdam MS, Arnao MB. Phytomelatonin: From Intracellular Signaling to Global Horticulture Market. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12990. [PMID: 39030989 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a well-known mammalian hormone, has been having a great relevance in the Plant World in recent years. Many of its physiological actions in plants are leading to possible features of agronomic interest, especially those related to improvements in tolerance to stressors and in the postharvest life of fruits and vegetables. Thus, through the exogenous application of melatonin or by modifying the endogenous biosynthesis of phytomelatonin, some change can be made in the functional levels of melatonin in tissues and their responses. Also, acting in the respective phytomelatonin biosynthesis enzymes, regulating the expression of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), and recently the possible action of deacetylases on some intermediates offers promising opportunities for improving fruits and vegetables in postharvest and its marketability. Other regulators/effectors such as different transcription factors, protein kinases, phosphatases, miRNAs, protein-protein interactions, and some gasotransmitters such as nitric oxide or hydrogen sulfide were also considered in an exhaustive vision. Other interesting aspects such as the role of phytomelatonin in autophagic responses, the posttranslational reprogramming by protein-phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, PARylation, persulfidation, and nitrosylation described in the phytomelatonin-mediated responses were also discussed, including the relationship of phytomelatonin and several plant hormones, for chilling injury and fungal decay alleviating. The current data about the phytomelatonin receptor in plants (CAND2/PMTR1), the effect of UV-B light and cold storage on the postharvest damage are presented and discussed. All this on the focus of a possible new action in the preservation of the quality of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marino B Arnao
- Phytohormones and Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Ning L, Xu Y, Luo L, Gong L, Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang W. Integrative analyses of metabolome and transcriptome reveal the dynamic accumulation and regulatory network in rhizomes and fruits of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:706. [PMID: 39030489 PMCID: PMC11264994 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to Chinese ancient books, both fruits and rhizomes of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have medicinal and edible values. Up to now, there is no report about the metabolite profiles and regulatory network in fruits and different year-old rhizomes of P. cyrtonema. RESULTS In this study, we performed integrative analyses of metabolome and transcriptome to reveal the dynamic accumulation and regulatory network of fruits and different year-old rhizomes in P. cyrtonema. The relative content of phenolic acids, lignans and coumarins, flavonoids and alkaloids increased with growth years, while steroids and lipids decreased with it. In addition, the relative content of nucleotides and derivatives, flavonoids, organic acids, steroids and lipids in fruits were higher than rhizomes. Genes that might relate to the biosynthesis of polysaccharides, flavonoids, triterpene saponins and alkaloids biosynthesis were further analyzed by transcriptome analysis, including sacA, GMPP, PMM, CCoAOMT, CHI, ANR, CHS, DXS, GGPS, ZEP, CYP72A219 and so on, for their expressions were positively correlated with the relative content of the metabolites. Additionally, the correlation network in sugar and aromatic amino acids metabolites were constructed to further illustrate the biosynthesis of polysaccharides, flavonoids and alkaloids in P. cyrtonema, and some transcription factors (TFs) were screened, such as C2C2, MYB, bZIP, GRAS and NAC. CONCLUSIONS This study can deepen our understanding of the accumulation patterns and molecular mechanism of the main compounds in P. cyrtonema, and provide reference for the standardize production of P. cyrtonema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Ning
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanshu Xu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Luo
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Limin Gong
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yeman Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
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Liao H, Wen J, Nie H, Ling C, Zhang L, Xu F, Dong X. Study on the inhibitory activity and mechanism of Mentha haplocalyx essential oil nanoemulsion against Fusarium oxysporum growth. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16064. [PMID: 38992117 PMCID: PMC11239933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mentha haplocalyx essential oil (MEO) has demonstrated inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum. Despite its environmentally friendly properties as a natural product, the limited water solubility of MEO restricts its practical application in the field. The use of nanoemulsion can improve bioavailability and provide an eco-friendly approach to prevent and control Panax notoginseng root rot. In this study, Tween 80 and anhydrous ethanol (at a mass ratio of 3) were selected as carriers, and the ultrasonic method was utilized to produce a nanoemulsion of MEO (MNEO) with an average particle size of 26.07 nm. Compared to MTEO (MEO dissolved in an aqueous solution of 2% DMSO and 0.1% Tween 80), MNEO exhibited superior inhibition against F. oxysporum in terms of spore germination and hyphal growth. Transcriptomics and metabolomics results revealed that after MNEO treatment, the expression levels of certain genes related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly suppressed along with the accumulation of metabolites, leading to energy metabolism disorder and growth stagnation in F. oxysporum. In contrast, the inhibitory effect from MTEO treatment was less pronounced. Furthermore, MNEO also demonstrated inhibition on meiosis, ribosome function, and ribosome biogenesis in F. oxysporum growth process. These findings suggest that MNEO possesses enhanced stability and antifungal activity, which effectively hinders F. oxysporum through inducing energy metabolism disorder, meiotic stagnation, as well as ribosome dysfunction, thus indicating its potential for development as a green pesticide for prevention and control P. notoginseng root rot caused by F.oxyosporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Jinrui Wen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hongyan Nie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Cuiqiong Ling
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Furong Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Xian Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China.
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5
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Wu H, Shen Y, Zou F, Yao S, Chen Y, Yang H, Luo X. Combined transcriptome and widely targeted metabolome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of HupA biosynthesis and antioxidant activity in Huperzia serrata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1411471. [PMID: 38952843 PMCID: PMC11215074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1411471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Huperzia serrata is a traditional Chinese herb that has gained much attention for its production of Huperzine A (HupA). HupA has shown promise on treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the biosynthetic pathway and molecular mechanism of HupA in H. serrata are still not well understood. Methods Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms related to HupA biosynthesis and antioxidant activity in Huperzia serrata. Results HT (in vitro H. serrata thallus) exhibits higher antioxidant activity and lower cytotoxicity than WH (wild H. serrata). Through hierarchical clustering analysis and qRT-PCR verification, 7 important enzyme genes and 13 transcription factors (TFs) related to HupA biosynthesis were detected. Among them, the average |log2FC| value of CYP (Cytochrome P450) and CAO (Copper amine oxidase) was the largest. Metabolomic analysis identified 12 metabolites involved in the HupA biosynthesis and 29 metabolites related to antioxidant activity. KEGG co-enrichment analysis revealed that tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis were involved in the HupA biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the phenylpropanoid, phenylalanine, and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were found to regulate the antioxidant activity of H. serrata. The study also identified seven important genes related to the regulation of antioxidant activity, including PrAO (primary-amine oxidase). Based on the above joint analysis, the biosynthetic pathway of HupA and potential mechanisms of antioxidant in H. serrata was constructed. Discussion Through differential transcriptome and metabolome analysis, DEGs and DAMs involved in HupA biosynthesis and antioxidant-related were identified, and the potential metabolic pathway related to HupA biosynthesis and antioxidant in Huperzia serrata were constructed. This study would provide valuable insights into the HupA biosynthesis mechanism and the H. serrata thallus medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangdong Luo
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Shen H, Hou Y, Wang X, Li Y, Wu J, Lou H. Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Analysis under Abiotic Stress and Co-Expression Analysis of MATE Gene Family in Torreya grandis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3859. [PMID: 38612669 PMCID: PMC11012001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The multidrug and toxin efflux (MATE) family participates in numerous biological processes and plays important roles in abiotic stress responses. However, information about the MATE family genes in Torreya grandis remains unclear. In this study, our genome-wide investigation identified ninety MATE genes in Torreya grandis, which were divided into five evolutionary clades. TgMATE family members are located on eleven chromosomes, and a total of thirty TgMATEs exist in tandem duplication. The promoter analysis showed that most TgMATEs contain the cis-regulatory elements associated with stress and hormonal responses. In addition, we discovered that most TgMATE genes responded to abiotic stresses (aluminum, drought, high temperatures, and low temperatures). Weighted correlation network analysis showed that 147 candidate transcription factor genes regulated the expression of 14 TgMATE genes, and it was verified through a double-luciferase assay. Overall, our findings offer valuable information for the characterization of the TgMATE gene mechanism in responding to abiotic stress and exhibit promising prospects for the stress tolerance breeding of Torreya grandis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.S.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Heqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.S.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
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Tian X, Xiang G, Lv H, Zhu L, Peng J, Li G, Mou C. Transcriptomic and metabolic analysis unveils the mechanism behind leaf color development in Disanthus cercidifolius var. longipes. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1343123. [PMID: 38380429 PMCID: PMC10876866 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1343123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Leaf coloration in Disanthus cercidifolius var. longipes results from the interplay of various pigments undergoing complex catalytic reactions. Methods: We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of pigment biosynthesis affecting leaf color transition in D. cercidifolius var. longipes by analyzing variations in pigment accumulation and levels of gene expression. Results: We identified 468, 577, and 215 differential metabolites in green leaves (GL), gradual-color-changing leaves (GCCL), and red leaves (RL), respectively, with 94 metabolites shared across all comparisons. Metabolite accumulation patterns were similar among GL, GCCL, and RL, with flavonoids being the main differential metabolites. Delphinidin, malvidin, and petunidin derivatives were mostly accumulated in GCCL, whereas cyanidin, pelargonidin, and peonidin derivatives accumulated in RL. Transcriptome sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes. The expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes was associated with anthocyanin accumulation patterns. Discussion: Our findings reveal that the content of delphinidin, malvidin, petunidin, and carotenoids collectively determines the gradual transition of leaf color from green in spring and summer to green, purple, and orange-yellow in early autumn, whereas the content of cyanidin, peonidin, pelargonidin, and carotenoids together causes the autumnal transition to red or orange-red colors as leaves of D. cercidifolius var. longipes age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cun Mou
- Institute of Plant Conservation, Hunan Botanical Garden, Changsha, China
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8
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He M, Geng G, Mei S, Wang G, Yu L, Xu Y, Wang Y. Melatonin modulates the tolerance of plants to water stress: morphological response of the molecular mechanism. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23199. [PMID: 38354692 DOI: 10.1071/fp23199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Water stress (drought and waterlogging) leads to an imbalance in plant water distribution, disrupts cell homeostasis, and severely inhibits plant growth. Melatonin is a growth hormone that plants synthesise and has been shown to resist adversity in many plants. This review discusses the biosynthesis and metabolism of melatonin, as well as the changes in plant morphology and physiological mechanisms caused by the molecular defence process. Melatonin induces the expression of related genes in the process of plant photosynthesis under stress and protects the structural integrity of chloroplasts. Exogenous melatonin can maintain the dynamic balance of root ion exchange under waterlogging stress. Melatonin can repair mitochondria and alleviate damage caused by reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species; and has a wide range of uses in the regulation of stress-specific genes and the activation of antioxidant enzyme genes. Melatonin improves the stability of membrane lipids in plant cells and maintains osmotic balance by regulating water channels. There is crosstalk between melatonin and other hormones, which jointly improve the ability of the root system to absorb water and breathe and promote plant growth. Briefly, as a multifunctional molecule, melatonin improves the tolerance of plants under water stress and promotes plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin He
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gui Geng
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Shuyang Mei
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gang Wang
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yao Xu
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Wang D, Liu G, Yang J, Shi G, Niu Z, Liu H, Xu N, Wang L. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal molecular mechanisms of corolla coloration in Rhododendron dauricum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108438. [PMID: 38367387 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Rhododendron dauricum L. is a semi-evergreen shrub of high ornamental and medicinal values in Northeast China. To study the molecular mechanisms of corolla coloration in R. dauricum, integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics were performed in R. dauricum featuring purple flowers and R. dauricum var. album featuring white flowers. Comparative metabolomics revealed 25 differential metabolites in the corolla of the two distinct colors, enriched in flavonoids that are closely related to pigmentation in the flower. Differential analysis of the transcriptomics data revealed enrichment of structural genes for flavonoid biosynthesis (99 up- and 58 down-regulated, respectively, in purple corollas compared to white ones). Significantly, CHS and CHI, key genes in the early stage of anthocyanin synthesis, as well as F3H, F3'H, F3'5'H, DFR, ANS, and UFGT that promote the accumulation of pigments in the late stage of anthocyanin synthesis, were up-regulated in R. dauricum (purple color). In R. dauricum var. album, FLS were key genes determining the accumulation of flavonols. In addition, transcriptome-metabolome correlation analysis identified 16 R2R3 MYB transcription factors (out of 83 MYBs) that are important for corolla coloration. Five negative and four positive MYBs were further identified by integrated transcriptional and metabolic network analysis, revealing a key role of MYBA and MYB12 in regulating anthocyanins and flavonols, respectively. Moreover, we validated the function of RdMYBA by creating stable transgenic plants and found that RdMYBA promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis. In summary, we systematically characterized the transcriptome and metabolome of two R. dauricum cultivars with different flower colors and identified MYBs as key factors in modulating corolla coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Institute of Forestry, Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guiling Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Gongfa Shi
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhaoqian Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Shi S, Li D, Li S, Zhao N, Liao J, Ge H, Liu Y, Chen H. Genome-Wide Analysis of R2R3-MYB Genes and Functional Characterization of SmMYB75 in Eggplant Fruit Implications for Crop Improvement and Nutritional Enhancement. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1163. [PMID: 38256237 PMCID: PMC10816229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
R2R3-MYB represents a substantial gene family that plays diverse roles in plant development. In this study, 102 SmR2R3-MYB genes were identified from eggplant fruit and classified into 31 subfamilies. Analysis indicated that segmental duplication events played a pivotal role in the expansion of the SmR2R3-MYB gene family. Furthermore, the prediction of miRNAs targeting SmR2R3-MYB genes revealed that 60 SmR2R3-MYBs are targeted by 57 miRNAs, with specific miRNAs displaying varying numbers of target genes, providing valuable insights into the regulatory functions of miRNAs in plant growth, development, and responses to stress conditions. Through expression profile analysis under various treatment conditions, including low temperature (4 °C), plant hormone (ABA, Abscisic acid), and drought stress (PEG, Polyethylene glycol), diverse and complex regulatory mechanisms governing SmR2R3-MYB gene expression were elucidated. Notably, EGP21875.1 and EGP21874.1 exhibited upregulation in expression under all treatment conditions. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses demonstrated that, apart from anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, and malvidin-3-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside), overexpression of SmMYB75 could also elevate the content of various beneficial compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes, in eggplant pulp. This comprehensive study enhances our understanding of SmR2R3-MYB gene functions and provides a strong basis for further research on their roles in regulating anthocyanin synthesis and improving eggplant fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yang Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huoying Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Xu X, Zhao B, Li B, Shen B, Qi Z, Wang J, Cui H, Chen S, Wang G, Liu X. Trp-574-Leu mutation and metabolic resistance by cytochrome P450 gene conferred high resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Descurainia sophia. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105708. [PMID: 38225062 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Descurainia sophia (flixweed) is a troublesome weed in winter wheat fields in North China. Resistant D. sophia populations with different acetolactate synthetase (ALS) mutations have been reported in recent years. In addition, metabolic resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides has also been identified. In this study, we collected and purified two resistant D. sophia populations (R1 and R2), which were collected from winter wheat fields where tribenuron-methyl provided no control of D. sophia at 30 g a.i. ha-1. Whole plant bioassay and ALS activity assay results showed the R1 and R2 populations had evolved high-level resistance to tribenuron-methyl and florasulam and cross-resistance to imazethapyr and pyrithiobac‑sodium. The two ALS genes were cloned from the leaves of R1 and R2 populations, ALS1 (2004 bp) and ALS2 (1998 bp). A mutation of Trp 574 to Leu in ALS1 was present in both R1 and R2. ALS1 and ALS2 were cloned from R1 and R2 populations respectively and transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana. Homozygous T3 transgenic seedlings with ALS1 of R1 or R2 were resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides and the resistant levels were the same. Transgenic seedlings with ALS2 from R1 or R2 were susceptible to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Treatment with cytochrome P450 inhibitor malathion decreased the resistant levels to tribenuron-methyl in R1 and R2. RNA-Seq was used to identify target cytochrome P450 genes possibly involved in resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. There were five up-regulated differentially expressed cytochrome P450 genes: CYP72A15, CYP83B1, CYP81D8, CYP72A13 and CYP71A12. Among of them, CYP72A15 had the highest expression level in R1 and R2 populations. The R1 and R2 populations of D. sophia have evolved resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides due to Trp 574 Leu mutation in ALS1 and possibly other mechanisms. The resistant function of CYP72A15 needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Bochui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Binghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Beibei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Zhizun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Silong Chen
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, Hebei, China.
| | - Guiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Creal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China.
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12
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Yao L, Wu X, Jiang X, Shan M, Zhang Z, Li Y, Yang A, Li Y, Yang C. Subcellular compartmentalization in the biosynthesis and engineering of plant natural products. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108258. [PMID: 37722606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products (PNPs) are specialized metabolites with diverse bioactivities. They are extensively used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries. PNPs are synthesized in plant cells by enzymes that are distributed in different subcellular compartments with unique microenvironments, such as ions, co-factors and substrates. Plant metabolic engineering is an emerging and promising approach for the sustainable production of PNPs, for which the knowledge of the subcellular compartmentalization of their biosynthesis is instrumental. In this review we describe the state of the art on the role of subcellular compartments in the biosynthesis of major types of PNPs, including terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and glucosinolates, and highlight the efforts to target biosynthetic pathways to subcellular compartments in plants. In addition, we will discuss the challenges and strategies in the field of plant synthetic biology and subcellular engineering. We expect that newly developed methods and tools, together with the knowledge gained from the microbial chassis, will greatly advance plant metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yao
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xiuming Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Muhammad Shan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Zhuoxiang Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changqing Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
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13
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Hua Y, Dai B, Luo Y, Ding Y. Integrated analysis of multiple metabolome and transcriptome revealed the accumulation of flavonoids and associated molecular regulation mechanisms in Rubus chingii Hu at different developmental stages. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108085. [PMID: 37847976 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese herb Rubus chingii Hu (R. chingii) is widely used in clinical practice due to its beneficial effects. Flavonoids are the important class of pharmacological substances in R. chingii, however, the molecular mechanism underlying the differences in active flavonoid contents in R. chingii at different developmental stages remain poorly understood. In this experiment, we selected four developmental stages (GG, GY, YR, RR) of R. chingii as the research material. We studied the untargeted and targeted metabolic profiles of flavonoids in different periods of R. chingii, combining full-length and comparative transcriptome analyses. Functional analyses were conducted on genes implicated in flavonoid differences. GG and RR displayed relatively higher and lower contents of flavonols, flavones, flavanols, flavanones, and isoflavonoid, respectively. RNA-seq analyses showed structural genes such as RcPAL, RcC4H, Rc4CL, RcCHS, RcCHI, RcF3H, RcF3'H, and RcFLS in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were upregulated in GG, which were essential for the accumulation flavanones, flavones, and flavonols (effective components). qRT-PCR analyses investigated that six structural genes RcCHI, RcF3H, 2 RcCHS, and 2 Rc4CL, two TFs RcMYB308 and RcMYB123 had a consistent expression pattern with which in transcriptome. Also, an interaction network showed that the RcMYB308 could positively regulate Ka3R, Qu, Qu3G, AS, Hy, Ti through RcF3H. Furthermore, Subcellular localization analysis revealed that RcMYB308 was localization to the nucleus. In tobacco, RcMYB308 was overexpressed, resulting in higher flavonoids, RcF3H, RcF3'H, RcCHI, and RcFLS. RcMYB308 upregulated RcF3H in dual-luciferase assays. These results provide new insights for further understanding the molecular mechanism regulating flavonol biosynthesis in R. chingii fruit, and also provide a potential MYB regulator for molecular breeding of R. chingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Bingyi Dai
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Yiyuan Luo
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315500, China.
| | - Yongjuan Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
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14
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Zeng H, Li Y, Chen W, Yan J, Wu J, Lou H. Melatonin alleviates aluminum toxicity by regulating aluminum-responsive and nonresponsive pathways in hickory. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132274. [PMID: 37643573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a significant constraint on agricultural productivity worldwide. Melatonin (MT) has been shown to alleviate Al toxicity in plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we employed a combination of physiological and molecular biology techniques to examine the role of MT in mitigating Al toxicity of hickory. We found that MT decreased the contents of cell wall pectin, hemicellulose, Al, and Al-induced massive reactive oxygen species accumulation in the roots of hickory. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MT may alleviate root tip Al stress by regulating Al-responsive and nonresponsive pathways. Co-expression regulatory network and dual-luciferase receptor assays revealed that transcription factors, CcC3H12 and CcAZF2, responded to MT and significantly activated the expression of two cell wall pectin-related genes, CcPME61 and CcGAE6, respectively. Further, yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) assays verified that CcC3H12 and CcAZF2 regulated CcPME61 and CcGAE6, respectively, by directly binding to their promoters. Overexpression of CcPME61 enhanced the Al sensitivity of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results indicate that MT can improve Al tolerance of hickory via multiple pathways, which provides a new perspective for the study of the mechanism of MT in alleviating abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jingwei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.
| | - Heqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.
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15
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Zixuan Z, Rongping D, Yingying Z, Yueyue L, Jiajing Z, Yue J, Tan M, Zengxu X. The phenotypic variation mechanisms of Atractylodes lancea post-cultivation revealed by conjoint analysis of rhizomic transcriptome and metabolome. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108025. [PMID: 37722282 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The wild Atractylodes lancea rhizomes have been traditionally used as herbal medicine. As the increasingly exhaustion of wild A. lancea, the artificial cultivation mainly contributed to the medicinal material production. However, besides the phenotypic variation of rhizome phenotypic trait alteration, the qualities of cultivated A. lancea decrease compared with the wild counterpart. To unveil the physiological and molecular mechanism beneath the phenotypic variation, GC-MS-based volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profiling and RNAseq-based transcriptome analysis were conducted. The volatile metabolomics profiling revealed 65 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) while the transcriptomic profiling identified 12 009 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) post-cultivation. The volatile active compounds including atractylone, and eudesmol accumulated more in wild rhizome than in the cultivated counterpart, and several unigenes in terpene synthesis were downregulated under cultivated condition. Compared with the wild A. lancea rhizome, the contents of bioactive Jasmonic Acid (JAs) in cultivated A. lancea rhizome were higher, and evidences that JAs negatively regulate the terpenes biosynthesis in the cultivated A. lancea rhizome were also provided. The combinational omics analysis further indicated the high correlation between the ten cultivation-suppressed VOCs and the cultivation-altered genes for sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis in A. lancea. The network of the cultivation-altered transcription factors (TFs) and the ten VOCs suggested TFs (e.g. Arabidopsis ERF13 homologs and WRKY50) are involved in the regulation of terpenes biosynthesis. These results laid a theoretical basis for developing geo-herbalism medicinal plants with "high quality and optimal shape".
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Zixuan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ding Rongping
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhang Yingying
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liao Yueyue
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhao Jiajing
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia Yue
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mingpu Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiang Zengxu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Si X, Lyu S, Hussain Q, Ye H, Huang C, Li Y, Huang J, Chen J, Wang K. Analysis of Delta(9) fatty acid desaturase gene family and their role in oleic acid accumulation in Carya cathayensis kernel. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193063. [PMID: 37771493 PMCID: PMC10523321 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Carya cathayensis, commonly referred to as Chinese hickory, produces nuts that contain high-quality edible oils, particularly oleic acid (18:1). It is known that stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD) is the first key step converting stearic acid (C18:0, SA) to oleic acid (C18:1, OA) in the aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthetic pathway and play an important role in OA accumulation. Thus far, there is little information about SAD gene family in C. cathayensis and the role of individual members in OA accumulation. This study searched the Chinese Hickory Genome Database and identified five members of SAD genes, designated as CcSADs, at the whole genome level through the comparison with the homologous genes from Arabidopsis. RNA-Seq analysis showed that CcSSI2-1, CcSSI2-2, and CcSAD6 were highly expressed in kernels. The expression pattern of CcSADs was significantly correlated with fatty acid accumulation during the kernel development. In addition, five full-length cDNAs encoding SADs were isolated from the developing kernel of C. cathayensis. CcSADs-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion construct was infiltrated into tobacco epidermal cells, and results indicated their chloroplast localization. The catalytic function of these CcSADs was further analyzed by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Nicotiana benthamiana, and walnut. Functional analysis demonstrated that all CcSADs had fatty acid desaturase activity to catalyze oleic acid biosynthesis. Some members of CcSADs also have strong substrate specificity for 16:0-ACP to synthesize palmitoleic acid (C16:1, PA). Our study documented SAD gene family in C. cathayensis and the role of CcSSI2-1, CcSSI2-2, and CcSAD6 in OA accumulation, which could be important for future improvement of OA content in this species via genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiheng Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quaid Hussain
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Ketao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Chen X, Wang S, Farag MA, Han Z, Chen D, Zhang X, Si J, Wu L. Interactions between endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. DO14 and Dendrobium catenatum: Deciphering plant polysaccharide and flavonoid accumulation and underlying mechanisms by comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107942. [PMID: 37562204 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium catenatum, which belongs to the Orchidaceae family, has been used as a traditional medicine and healthy food in China for over 2000 years, and is of enormous economic value. Polysaccharides and flavonoids are two major functional ingredients in D. catenatum stems that contribute to its health benefits. D. catenatum lives in close association with endophytic fungi, but the literature regarding the further relations between them, especially the fungal-induced accumulation of metabolites in the host plant, is sparse. Our previous study showed that Pestalotiopsis sp. DO14 isolated from D. catenatum improved the host plant growth and metabolite accumulation. This study was performed to investigate dynamic variations of the growth traits, key metabolites (polysaccharides and flavonoids), and expression of key genes of D. catenatum under conditions of the DO14 colonization. Colonization with DO14 promoted D. catenatum growth as indicated by increased leaf area, mid-stem thickness, and plant height. The content of polysaccharides, mannose, and sucrose increased even without DO14 entering the host cells or forming a mature symbiotic relationship concurrent with improved photosynthesis rate. Furthermore, DO14 induced upregulation of genes involved in sugar and flavonoid metabolism, especially phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCKA), chalcone synthase (CHS) and UDP-glycose flavonoid glycosyltransferase (UFGT). These observations suggested that endophytic fungi induce the accumulation of polysaccharides and flavonoids by plants, increasing the efficiency of carbon assimilation and carbon turnover. The findings of this study provide insight into the mechanisms underlying Orchidaceae-endophyte interactions, and suggest potential novel applications of endophytic fungi in D. catenatum breeding to improved plant quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Egypt
| | - Zhigang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jinping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Lingshang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Li S, Li X, Wang X, Chang T, Peng Z, Guan C, Guan M. Flavonoid Synthesis-Related Genes Determine the Color of Flower Petals in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076472. [PMID: 37047446 PMCID: PMC10094890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The color of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) petal is usually yellow but can be milky-white to orange or pink. Thus, the petal color is a popular target in rapeseed breeding programs. In his study, metabolites and RNA were extracted from the yellow (Y), yellow/purple (YP), light purple (LP), and purple (P) rapeseed petals. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), RNA-Seq, and quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) analyses were performed to analyze the expression correlation of differential metabolites and differential genes. A total of 223 metabolites were identified in the petals of the three purple and yellow rapeseed varieties by UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 20511 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between P, LP, YP, versus Y plant petals were detected. This study focused on the co-regulation of 4898 differential genes in the three comparison groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional annotation and quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of BnaA10g23330D (BnF3H) affects the synthesis of downstream peonidin and delphinidin and is a key gene regulating the purple color of petals in B. napus. L. The gene may play a key role in regulating rapeseed flower color; however, further studies are needed to verify this. These results deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying petal color and provide the theoretical and practical basis for flower breeding targeting petal color.
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19
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Lv Z, Yu L, Zhan H, Li J, Wang C, Huang L, Wang S. Shoot differentiation from Dendrocalamus brandisii callus and the related physiological roles of sugar and hormones during shoot differentiation. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023:tpad039. [PMID: 36988419 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Only a few calli regeneration systems of bamboos were successfully established, which limited the research on physiological mechanism of callus differentiation. In this study, we successfully established the callus differentiation systems of Dendrocalamus brandisii via seeds. The results showed that the best medium for callus induction of D. brandisii seeds was basal MS media amended with 5.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L-1 KT, and the optimal medium for shoot differentiation was the basal MS media supplemented with 4.0 mg L-1 BA and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA. Callus tissues had apparent polarity in cell arrangement, and developed their own meristematic cell layers. α-amylase, STP and SUSY played a dominant role in carbohydrates degradation in callus during shoot differentiation. PPP and TCA pathways up-regulated in the shoot-differentiated calli. The dynamics of BA and KT contents in calli was consistent with their concentrations applied in medium. IAA synthesis and the related signal transduction were down-regulated, while the endogenous CTKs contents were up-regulated by the exogenous CTKs application in shoot-differentiated calli, and their related synthesis, transport and signal transduction pathways were also up-regulated. The downregulated signal transduction pathways of IAA and ABA revealed that they did not play the key role in shoot differentiation of bamboos. GAs also played a role in shoot differentiation based on the down-regulation of DELLA and the up-regulation of PIF4 genes. The overexpression of DbSNRK2 and DbFIF4 genes further confirmed the negative role of ABA and the positive role of GAs in shoot differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lv
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Li
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Changming Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Bamboo and Rattan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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20
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Li Y, Tian Q, Wang Z, Li J, Liu S, Chang R, Chen H, Liu G. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics of peach under cold stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1153902. [PMID: 37051086 PMCID: PMC10083366 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1153902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is one of the environmental factors that restrict the growth and geographical distribution of peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch). To explore the molecular mechanisms of peach brunches in response to cold, we analyzed the metabolomics and transcriptomics of 'Donghe No.1' (cold-tolerant, CT) and '21st Century' (cold-sensitive, CS) treated by different temperatures (-5 to -30°C) for 12 h. Some cold-responsive metabolites (e.g., saccharides, phenolic acids and flavones) were identified with upregulation only in CT. Further, we identified 1991 cold tolerance associated genes in these samples and they were significantly enriched in the pathways of 'galactose metabolism', 'phenylpropanoid biosynthesis' and 'flavonoids biosynthesis'. Weighted gene correlation network analysis showed that soluble sugar, flavone, and lignin biosynthetic associated genes might play a key role in the cold tolerance of peach. In addition, several key genes (e.g., COMT, CCR, CAD, PER and F3'H) were substantially expressed more in CT than CS under cold stress, indicating that they might be major factors during the adaptation of peach to low temperature. This study will not only improve our understanding towards the molecular mechanisms of peach trees under cold stress but also contribute to the screening and breeding program of peach in the future.
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Huang S, Wang L, Wang Z, Yang G, Xiang X, An Y, Kan J. Multiomics strategy reveals the accumulation and biosynthesis of bitter components in Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li J, Li Y, Li M, Lin L, Qi J, Xu J, Zhang L, Fang P, Tao A. Novel Insights into Anthocyanin Synthesis in the Calyx of Roselle Using Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213908. [PMID: 36430383 PMCID: PMC9693987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Hibiscus in family Malvaceae. Roselle calyxes are rich in anthocyanins, which play important roles in human health. However, limited information is available on anthocyanin biosynthesis in the roselle calyx. In this study, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to identify the key genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in the roselle calyx. Three roselle cultivars with different calyx colors, including FZ-72 (red calyx, R), Baitao K (green calyx, G), and MG5 (stripped calyx, S), were used for metabolomic analyses with UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and RNA-seq. Forty-one compounds were quantified, including six flavonoids and 35 anthocyanins. The calyx of FZ-72 (red calyx) had the highest contents of anthocyanin derivatives such as delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside (955.11 μg/g) and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside (531.37 μg/g), which were responsible for calyx color, followed by those in MG5 (stripped calyx) (851.97 and 330.06 μg/g, respectively). Baitao K (green calyx) had the lowest levels of these compounds. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed 114,415 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the calyxes at 30 days after flowering (DAF) for the corresponding cultivars FZ-72 (R), Baitao K (G), and MG5(S). The gene expression levels in the calyxes of the three cultivars were compared at different flowering stages, revealing 11,555, 11,949, and 7177 DEGs in R vs. G, R vs. S, and G vs. S, respectively. Phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were found to be enriched. In the flavonoid pathway, 29, 28, and 27 genes were identified in G vs. R, G vs. S, and S vs. R, respectively. In the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, two, two, and one differential genes were identified in the three combinations; these differential genes belonged to the UFGT gene family. After joint analysis of the anthocyanin content in roselle calyxes, nine key genes belonging to the CHS, CHI, UFGT, FLS, ANR, DFR, CCoAOMT, SAT, and HST gene families were identified as strongly related to anthocyanin synthesis. These nine genes were verified using qRT-PCR, and the results were consistent with the transcriptome data. Overall, this study presents the first report on anthocyanin biosynthesis in roselle, laying a foundation for breeding roselle cultivars with high anthocyanin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lihui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianmin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiantang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Pingping Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (P.F.); (A.T.)
| | - Aifen Tao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding for Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (P.F.); (A.T.)
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Liu Y, Wang X, Lv H, Cao M, Li Y, Yuan X, Zhang X, Guo YD, Zhang N. Anabolism and signaling pathways of phytomelatonin. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5801-5817. [PMID: 35430630 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytomelatonin is a small multifunctional molecule found ubiquitously in plants, which plays an important role in plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The classical biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of phytomelatonin have been elucidated, and uncovering alternative pathways has deepened our understanding of phytomelatonin synthesis. Phytomelatonin functions mainly via two pathways. In the direct pathway, phytomelatonin mediates the stress-induced reactive oxygen species burst through its strong antioxidant capacity. In the indirect pathway, phytomelatonin acts as a signal to activate signaling cascades and crosstalk with other plant hormones. The phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1/CAND2 was discovered in 2018, which enhanced our understanding of phytomelatonin function. This review summarizes the classical and potential pathways involved in phytomelatonin synthesis and metabolism. To elucidate the functions of phytomelatonin, we focus on the crosstalk between phytomelatonin and other phytohormones. We propose two models to explain how PMTR1 transmits the phytomelatonin signal through the G protein and MAPK cascade. This review will facilitate the identification of additional signaling molecules that function downstream of the phytomelatonin signaling pathway, thus improving our understanding of phytomelatonin signal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongmei Lv
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meng Cao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongchong Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Yuan
- Huasheng Agriculture Co. Ltd, Qingzhou, Shandong, 262500, China
| | - Xichun Zhang
- School of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing Agricultural University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572000, China
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Zhang T, Tang Y, Luan Y, Cheng Z, Wang X, Tao J, Zhao D. Herbaceous peony AP2/ERF transcription factor binds the promoter of the tryptophan decarboxylase gene to enhance high-temperature stress tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2729-2743. [PMID: 35590461 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has multifarious adverse effects on plant growth and productivity. Nonetheless, the effects of endogenous phytomelatonin on the high-temperature resistance of plants and the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) gene involved in phytomelatonin biosynthesis was shown to respond to high-temperature stress at the transcriptional level, and its transcript level was positively correlated with phytomelatonin production. Moreover, overexpression of PlTDC enhanced phytomelatonin production and high-temperature stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco, while silencing PlTDC expression decreased these parameters in P. lactiflora. In addition, a 2402 bp promoter fragment of PlTDC was isolated, and DNA pull-down assay revealed that one APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element-binding factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factor, PlTOE3, could specifically activate the PlTDC promoter, which was further verified by yeast one-hybrid assay and luciferase reporter assay. PlTOE3 was a nucleus-localized protein, and its transcript level responded to high-temperature stress. Additionally, transgenic tobacco overexpressing PlTOE3 showed enhanced phytomelatonin production and high-temperature stress tolerance, while silencing PlTDC expression obtained the opposite results. These results illustrated that PlTOE3 bound the PlTDC promoter to enhance high-temperature stress tolerance by increasing phytomelatonin production in P. lactiflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Luan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuoya Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Xia X, Gong R, Zhang C. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveals flavonoid biosynthesis regulation in Rhododendron pulchrum petals. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:401. [PMID: 35974307 PMCID: PMC9380304 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Color is the major ornamental feature of the Rhododendron genus, and it is related to the contents of flavonoid in petals. However, the regulatory mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in Rhododendron pulchrum remains unknown. The transcriptome and metabolome analysis of Rhododendron pulchrum with white, pink and purple color in this study aimed to reveal the mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis and to provide insight for improving the petal color. RESULTS Flavonoids and flavonols are the major components of flavonoid metabolites in R.pulchrum, such as laricitrin, apigenin, tricin, luteolin, isoorientin, isoscutellarein, diosmetin and their glycosides derivatives. With transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we found CHS, FLS, F3'H, F3'5'H, DFR, ANS, GT, FNS, IFR and FAOMT genes showed significantly differential expression in cultivar 'Zihe'. FNS and IFR were discovered to be associated with coloration in R.pulchrum for the first time. The FNS gene existed in the form of FNSI. The IFR gene and its related metabolites of medicarpin derivatives were highly expressed in purple petal. In cultivar 'Fenhe', up-regulation of F3'H and F3'5'H and down-regulation of 4CL, DFR, ANS, and GT were associated with pink coloration. With the transcription factor analysis, a subfamily of DREBs was found to be specifically enriched in pink petals. This suggested that the DREB family play an important role in pink coloration. In cultivars 'Baihe', flavonoid biosynthesis was inhibited by low expression of CHS, while pigment accumulation was inhibited by low expression of F3'5'H, DFR, and GT, which led to a white coloration. CONCLUSIONS By analyzing the transcriptome and metabolome of R.pulchrum, principal differential expression genes and metabolites of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were identified. Many novel metabolites, genes, and transcription factors associated with coloration have been discovered. To reveal the mechanism of the coloration of different petals, a model of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway of R.pulchrum was constructed. These results provide in depth information regarding the coloration of the petals and the flavonoid metabolism of R.pulcherum. The study of transcriptome and metabolome profiling gains insight for further genetic improvement in Rhododendron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xia
- Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunying Zhang
- Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China.
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Wei Y, Zhu B, Ma G, Shao X, Xie H, Cheng X, Zeng H, Shi H. The coordination of melatonin and anti-bacterial activity by EIL5 underlies ethylene-induced disease resistance in cassava. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:683-697. [PMID: 35608142 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene and melatonin are widely involved in plant development and environmental stress responses. However, the role of their direct relationship in the immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remain elusive. Here, we found that Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) infection increased endogenous ethylene levels, which positively modulated plant disease resistance through activating melatonin accumulation in cassava. In addition, the ethylene-responsive transcription factor ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE LIKE5 (MeEIL5), a positive regulator of disease resistance, was essential for ethylene-induced melatonin accumulation and disease resistance in cassava. Notably, the identification of heat stress transcription factor 20 (MeHsf20) as an interacting protein of MeEIL5 indicated the association between ethylene and melatonin in plant disease resistance. MeEIL5 physically interacted with MeHsf20 to promote the transcriptional activation of the gene encoding N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase 2 (MeASMT2), thereby improving melatonin accumulation. Moreover, MeEIL5 promoted the physical interaction of MeHsf20 and pathogen-related gene 3 (MePR3), resulting in improved anti-bacterial activity of MePR3. This study illustrates the dual roles of MeEIL5 in fine-tuning MeHsf20-mediated coordination of melatonin biosynthesis and anti-bacterial activity, highlighting the ethylene-responsive MeEIL5 as the integrator of ethylene and melatonin signals in the immune response in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Guowen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xiaodie Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Haoqi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Hongqiu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China
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Zeng W, Mostafa S, Lu Z, Jin B. Melatonin-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847175. [PMID: 35615125 PMCID: PMC9125191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multi-functional molecule that is ubiquitous in all living organisms. Melatonin performs essential roles in plant stress tolerance; its application can reduce the harmful effects of abiotic stresses. Plant melatonin biosynthesis, which usually occurs within chloroplasts, and its related metabolic pathways have been extensively characterized. Melatonin regulates plant stress responses by directly inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and by indirectly affecting stress response pathways. In this review, we summarize recent research concerning melatonin biosynthesis, metabolism, and antioxidation; we focus on melatonin-mediated tolerance to abiotic stresses including drought, waterlogging, salt, heat, cold, heavy metal toxicity, light and others. We also examine exogenous melatonin treatment in plants under abiotic stress. Finally, we discuss future perspectives in melatonin research and its applications in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Salma Mostafa
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Floriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Zhaogeng Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaogeng Lu,
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Biao Jin,
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