1
|
Matsuo H, Kawakami K, Ohara H, Kaneko T, Mashimo T, Yamada T, Nabika T. Apolipoprotein E-depletion accelerates arterial fat deposition in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Exp Anim 2023; 72:439-445. [PMID: 37081644 PMCID: PMC10658095 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension and atherosclerosis are often found in one patient causing serious cardiovascular events. An animal model simultaneously expressing hypertension and atherosclerosis would be useful to study such a complex risk status. We therefore attempted to introduce a null mutation of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene into the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) using CRISPR/Cas9 to establish a genetic model for atherosclerosis with hypertension. We successfully established SHRApoE(-/-) having a 13-bps deletion in the 5'-end of ApoE gene. Deletion of ApoE protein was confirmed by Western blotting. Blood pressure of SHRApoE(-/-) was comparable to that of SHR. Feeding the rats with high fat high cholesterol diet (HFD) caused a significant increase in LDL cholesterol as well as in triglyceride in SHRApoE(-/-). After 8 weeks of HFD loading, superficial fat deposition was observed both in the aorta and the mesenteric arteries of SHRApoE(-/-) instead of mature atheromatous lesions found in humans. In addition, a null mutation of peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2) was introduced into SHRApoE(-/-) to examine the effect of increased oxidative stress on the development of atherosclerosis. SHR with the double depletion of ApoE and Prdx2 did not show mature atheroma either. Further, salt loading did not promote development of atheroma although it accelerated the development of fat deposition. These results indicated that when compared with ApoE-knockout mice, SHRApoE(-/-) was more resistant to atherosclerosis even though they have severe hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Matsuo
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawakami
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohara
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takehito Kaneko
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoji Mashimo
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takaya Yamada
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amatya B, Yang S, Yu P, Vaz de Castro PA, Armando I, Zeng C, Felder RA, Asico LD, Jose PA, Lee H. Peroxiredoxin-4 and Dopamine D5 Receptor Interact to Reduce Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Kidney. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:1150-1166. [PMID: 36401517 PMCID: PMC10262345 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Reactive oxygen species are highly reactive molecules generated in different subcellular compartments. Both the dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4) play protective roles against oxidative stress. This study is aimed at investigating the interaction between PRDX4 and D5R in regulating oxidative stress in the kidney. Results: Fenoldopam (FEN), a D1R and D5R agonist, increased PRDX4 protein expression, mainly in non-lipid rafts, in D5R-HEK 293 cells. FEN increased the co-immunoprecipitation of D5R and PRDX4 and their colocalization, particularly in the ER. The efficiency of Förster resonance energy transfer was increased with FEN treatment measured with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. Silencing of PRDX4 increased hydrogen peroxide production, impaired the inhibitory effect of FEN on hydrogen peroxide production, and increased the production of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and caspase-12 in renal cells. Furthermore, in Drd5-/- mice, which are in a state of oxidative stress, renal cortical PRDX4 was decreased whereas interleukin-1β, TNF, and caspase-12 were increased, relative to their normotensive wild-type Drd5+/+ littermates. Innovation: Our findings demonstrate a novel relationship between D5R and PRDX4 and the consequent effects of this relationship in attenuating hydrogen peroxide production in the ER and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This study provides the potential for the development of biomarkers and new therapeutics for renal inflammatory disorders, including hypertension. Conclusion: PRDX4 interacts with D5R to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in renal cells that may have the potential for translational significance. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 1150-1166.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibhas Amatya
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sufei Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiying Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Physiology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Pedro A.S. Vaz de Castro
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ines Armando
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Physiology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Robin A. Felder
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Laureano D. Asico
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Physiology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Physiology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Hewang Lee
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Physiology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Li S, Yin M, Li Y, Chen C, Zhang J, Sun K, Kong X, Chen Z, Qian J. Isorhapontigenin Attenuates Cardiac Microvascular Injury in Diabetes via the Inhibition of Mitochondria-Associated Ferroptosis Through PRDX2-MFN2-ACSL4 Pathways. Diabetes 2023; 72:389-404. [PMID: 36367849 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death that is driven by iron overload and uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, but the role of ferroptosis in cardiac microvascular dysfunction remains unclear. Isorhapontigenin (ISO) is an analog of resveratrol and possesses strong antioxidant capacity and cardiovascular-protective effects. Moreover, ISO has been shown to alleviate iron-induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the benefits of ISO treatment on cardiac microvascular dysfunction in diabetes and the possible mechanisms involved, with a focus on ferroptosis and mitochondria. Our data revealed that ISO treatment improved microvascular density and perfusion in db/db mice by mitigating vascular structural damage, normalizing nitric oxide (NO) production via endothelial NO synthase activation, and enhancing angiogenetic ability via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 phosphorylation. PRDX2 was identified as a downstream target of ISO, and endothelial-specific overexpression of PRDX2 exerted effects on the cardiac microvascular function that were similar to those of ISO treatment. In addition, PRDX2 mediated the inhibitive effects of ISO treatment on ferroptosis by suppressing oxidative stress, iron overload, and lipid peroxidation. Further study suggested that mitochondrial dynamics and dysfunction contributed to ferroptosis, and ISO treatment or PRDX2 overexpression attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction via MFN2-dependent mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, MFN2 overexpression suppressed the mitochondrial translocation of ACSL4, ultimately inhibiting mitochondria-associated ferroptosis. In contrast, enhancing mitochondria-associated ferroptosis via ACSL4 abolished the protective effects of ISO treatment on cardiac microcirculation. Taken together, the results of the present work demonstrated the beneficial effects of ISO treatment on cardiac microvascular protection in diabetes by suppressing mitochondria-associated ferroptosis through PRDX2-MFN2-ACSL4 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiong Chen
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Li
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kangyun Sun
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong M, Liu J, Liu C, Wang H, Sun W, Liu B. CRISPR/CAS9: A promising approach for the research and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106480. [PMID: 36191879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of gene-editing technology has been one of the biggest advances in biomedicine over the past two decades. Not only can it be used as a research tool to build a variety of disease models for the exploration of disease pathogenesis at the genetic level, it can also be used for prevention and treatment. This is done by intervening with the expression of target genes and carrying out precise molecular targeted therapy for diseases. The simple and flexible clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene-editing technology overcomes the limitations of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). For this reason, it has rapidly become a preferred method for gene editing. As a new gene intervention method, CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in the clinical treatment of tumours and rare diseases; however, its application in the field of cardiovascular diseases is currently limited. This article reviews the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology in cardiovascular disease research and treatment, and discusses the limitations and prospects of this technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Jiangen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Liaoning Province People's Hospital, 33 Wenyi Road, ShenYang, China, 110016
| | - He Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ohara H, Nabika T. Genetic Modifications to Alter Blood Pressure Level. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081855. [PMID: 36009402 PMCID: PMC9405136 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic manipulation is one of the indispensable techniques to examine gene functions both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, cardiovascular phenotypes such as blood pressure cannot be evaluated in vitro system, necessitating the creation of transgenic or gene-targeted knock-out and knock-in experimental animals to understand the pathophysiological roles of specific genes on the disease conditions. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in various human populations have identified multiple genetic variations associated with increased risk for hypertension and/or its complications, the causal links remain unresolved. Genome-editing technologies can be applied to many different types of cells and organisms for creation of knock-out/knock-in models. In the post-GWAS era, it may be more worthwhile to validate pathophysiological implications of the risk variants and/or candidate genes by creating genome-edited organisms.
Collapse
|
6
|
Reily-Bell M, Bahn A, Katare R. Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Diabetic Heart Disease: Mechanisms and Therapies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:608-630. [PMID: 34011169 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is the primary cause of mortality in people with diabetes. A significant contributor to the development of DHD is the disruption of redox balance due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction resulting from sustained high glucose levels. Therapies specifically focusing on the suppression of ROS will hugely benefit patients with DHD. Recent Advances: In addition to the gold standard pharmacological therapies, the recent development of gene therapy provides an exciting avenue for developing new therapeutics to treat ROS-mediated DHD. In particular, microRNAs (miRNAs) are gaining interest due to their crucial role in several physiological and pathological processes, including DHD. Critical Issues: miRNAs have many targets and differential function depending on the environment. Therefore, a proper understanding of the function of miRNAs in specific cell types and cell states is required for the successful application of this technology. In the present review, we first provide an overview of the role of ROS in contributing to DHD and the currently available treatments. We then discuss the newer gene therapies with a specific focus on the role of miRNAs as the causative factors and therapeutic targets to combat ROS-mediated DHD. Future Directions: The future of miRNA therapeutics in tackling ROS-mediated DHD is dependent on a complete understanding of how miRNAs behave in different cells and environments. Future research should also aim to develop conditional miRNA therapeutic platforms capable of switching on and off in response to disruptions in the redox state. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 608-630.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Reily-Bell
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Bahn
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grabowski K, Herlan L, Witten A, Qadri F, Eisenreich A, Lindner D, Schädlich M, Schulz A, Subrova J, Mhatre KN, Primessnig U, Plehm R, van Linthout S, Escher F, Bader M, Stoll M, Westermann D, Heinzel FR, Kreutz R. Cpxm2 as a novel candidate for cardiac hypertrophy and failure in hypertension. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:292-307. [PMID: 34916661 PMCID: PMC8766285 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00826-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of hypertension-mediated cardiac damage with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure remains challenging. To identify novel targets, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis between genetic models derived from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Here, we identified carboxypeptidase X 2 (Cpxm2) as a genetic locus affecting LV mass. Analysis of isolated rat cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts indicated Cpxm2 expression and intrinsic upregulation in genetic hypertension. Immunostaining indicated that CPXM2 associates with the t-tubule network of cardiomyocytes. The functional role of Cpxm2 was further investigated in Cpxm2-deficient (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice exposed to deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA). WT and KO animals developed severe and similar systolic hypertension in response to DOCA. WT mice developed severe LV damage, including increases in LV masses and diameters, impairment of LV systolic and diastolic function and reduced ejection fraction. These changes were significantly ameliorated or even normalized (i.e., ejection fraction) in KO-DOCA animals. LV transcriptome analysis showed a molecular cardiac hypertrophy/remodeling signature in WT but not KO mice with significant upregulation of 1234 transcripts, including Cpxm2, in response to DOCA. Analysis of endomyocardial biopsies from patients with cardiac hypertrophy indicated significant upregulation of CPXM2 expression. These data support further translational investigation of CPXM2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Grabowski
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Herlan
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Witten
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Eisenreich
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schädlich
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Angela Schulz
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Subrova
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ketaki Nitin Mhatre
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Primessnig
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 10178 Berlin, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Plehm
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie van Linthout
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BCRT—Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 10178 Berlin, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.486773.9Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, IKDT GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany ,grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672University of Lübeck, Institute for Biology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Monika Stoll
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Westermann
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank R. Heinzel
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 10178 Berlin, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, 10178, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Andreadou I, Efentakis P, Frenis K, Daiber A, Schulz R. Thiol-based redox-active proteins as cardioprotective therapeutic agents in cardiovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:44. [PMID: 34275052 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thiol-based redox compounds, namely thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs) and peroxiredoxins (Prxs), stand as a pivotal group of proteins involved in antioxidant processes and redox signaling. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are considered as one of the major families of proteins involved in redox regulation by removal of S-glutathionylation and thereby reactivation of other enzymes with thiol-dependent activity. Grxs are also coupled to Trxs and Prxs recycling and thereby indirectly contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of peroxidases, which play an essential role in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, aliphatic and aromatic hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite. The Trxs, Grxs and Prxs systems, which reversibly induce thiol modifications, regulate redox signaling involved in various biological events in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the role of Trxs, Grxs and Prxs on cardiovascular pathologies and especially in cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure as well as in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome. Further studies on the roles of thiol-dependent redox systems in the cardiovascular system will support the development of novel protective and therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Efentakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naß J, Abdelfatah S, Efferth T. The triterpenoid ursolic acid ameliorates stress in Caenorhabditis elegans by affecting the depression-associated genes skn-1 and prdx2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:153598. [PMID: 34111615 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lower antioxidant concentrations and increased oxidative stress levels contribute to the development of depression. Effective and tolerable medications are urgently needed. Nrf2 and PRDX2 are promising targets in the treatment of oxidative stress and, therefore, promising for the development of novel antidepressants. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural triterpenoid found in various plants is known to exert neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Skn-1 (which corresponds to human Nrf2) and prdx2 deficient mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are suitable models to study the effect of UA on these targets. Additionally, stress assays are used to mimic stress or depressed state. METHODS We examined the antioxidant activity of UA in Caenorhabditis elegans wildtype and skn-1- and prdx2-deficient strains by H2DCF-DA and juglone assays as well as osmotic and heat stress assays. Additionally, we analyzed the binding of UA to human PRDX2 and Skn-1 proteins by molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis. RESULTS UA exerted strong antioxidant activities. Additionally, induction of stress resistance towards osmotic and heat stress was observed. qRT-PCR revealed that UA upregulated the gene expression of skn-1 and prdx2. Molecular docking studies supported these findings. CONCLUSION Our findings implicate that the strong antioxidant activity of UA may exert anti-depressive effects by its interaction with the Skn-1 transcription factor, which is part of a detoxification network, and the antioxidant PRDX2 protein, which protects the organism from the detrimental effects of radical oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun H, Hodgkinson CP, Pratt RE, Dzau VJ. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Deletion of the Angiotensinogen Gene Reduces Hypertension: A Potential for Cure? Hypertension 2021; 77:1990-2000. [PMID: 33813849 PMCID: PMC9896968 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Sun
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Conrad P. Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Richard E. Pratt
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Victor J. Dzau
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Szpirer C. Rat models of human diseases and related phenotypes: a systematic inventory of the causative genes. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:84. [PMID: 32741357 PMCID: PMC7395987 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The laboratory rat has been used for a long time as the model of choice in several biomedical disciplines. Numerous inbred strains have been isolated, displaying a wide range of phenotypes and providing many models of human traits and diseases. Rat genome mapping and genomics was considerably developed in the last decades. The availability of these resources has stimulated numerous studies aimed at discovering causal disease genes by positional identification. Numerous rat genes have now been identified that underlie monogenic or complex diseases and remarkably, these results have been translated to the human in a significant proportion of cases, leading to the identification of novel human disease susceptibility genes, helping in studying the mechanisms underlying the pathological abnormalities and also suggesting new therapeutic approaches. In addition, reverse genetic tools have been developed. Several genome-editing methods were introduced to generate targeted mutations in genes the function of which could be clarified in this manner [generally these are knockout mutations]. Furthermore, even when the human gene causing a disease had been identified without resorting to a rat model, mutated rat strains (in particular KO strains) were created to analyze the gene function and the disease pathogenesis. Today, over 350 rat genes have been identified as underlying diseases or playing a key role in critical biological processes that are altered in diseases, thereby providing a rich resource of disease models. This article is an update of the progress made in this research and provides the reader with an inventory of these disease genes, a significant number of which have similar effects in rat and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Szpirer
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
- , Waterloo, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Odongoo B, Ohara H, Ngarashi D, Kaneko T, Kunihiro Y, Mashimo T, Nabika T. Pathophysiological significance of Stim1 mutation in sympathetic response to stress and cardiovascular phenotypes in SHRSP/Izm: In vivo evaluation by creation of a novel gene knock-in rat using CRISPR/Cas9. Clin Exp Hypertens 2020; 43:34-41. [PMID: 32700574 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2020.1797085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic approach using rat congenic lines between SHRSP/Izm and WKY/Izm identified stromal interaction molecule 1 (Stim1), an essential component of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), as a promising candidate gene responsible for the exaggerated sympathetic response to stress in SHRSP. Since SHRSP has a nonsense mutation in Stim1 resulting in the expression of a truncated form of STIM1 that caused reduction of SOCE activity in primary cultured cerebral astrocytes, we created SHRSP/Izm knocked-in with the wild-type Stim1 (KI SHRSP) by the CRISPR/Cas9 method to investigate whether the functional recovery of STIM1 would mitigate sympatho-excitation to stress in vivo in SHRSP. No potential off-target nucleotide substitutions/deletions/insertions were found in KI SHRSP. Western blotting and fluorescent Ca2+ imaging of astrocytes confirmed wild-type STIM1 expression and restored SOCE activity in astrocytes from KI SHRSP, respectively. Blood pressure (BP) measured by the tail-cuff method at 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age did not significantly differ between SHRSP and KI SHRSP, while the heart rate of KI SHRSP at 16 and 20 weeks of age was significantly lower than that of age-matched SHRSP. Unexpectedly, the sympathetic response to stress (evaluated with urinary excretion of norepinephrine under cold stress and BP elevation under cold/restraint stress) did not significantly differ between SHRSP and KI SHRSP. The present results indicated that the functional deficit of STIM1 was not a genetic determinant of the exaggerated sympathetic response to stress in SHRSP and that it would be necessary to explore other candidates within the congenic fragment on chromosome 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batbayar Odongoo
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University , Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohara
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University , Izumo, Japan
| | - Davis Ngarashi
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University , Izumo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Takehito Kaneko
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University , Morioka, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kunihiro
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan.,Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University , Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoji Mashimo
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan.,Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University , Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University , Izumo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sekar D, Lakshmanan G, M B. Implications of CRISPR/Cas9 system in Hypertension and its related diseases. J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:642-644. [PMID: 32647313 PMCID: PMC7347049 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-0378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Durairaj Sekar
- Dental Research Cell and Biomedical Research Unit (DRC-BRULAC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Ganesh Lakshmanan
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Biruntha M
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| |
Collapse
|