1
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Wang Q, Chen J, Qi W, Bai Y, Mao J, Qu J. Dam construction alters the traits of health-related microbes along the Yangtze River. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176077. [PMID: 39244052 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Dams, constructed globally for energy production and water conservation, fragment rivers, and modify flow regimes, thereby altering the composition of biological communities and ecosystem functions. Despite the extensive use of dams, few studies have explored their potential health impacts, particularly concerning changes in health-related genes, such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factor genes (VFGs), and their hosts (i.e., ARB and potential pathogens). Understanding these health-related effects is crucial because they can impact human health through water quality and pathogen prevalence. In this study, we investigated the planktonic microbial community in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) and adjacent upstream and downstream areas of the Yangtze River during both the dry and wet season. Our metagenomic analysis showed that dam construction significantly decreased the abundance of ARGs, but it had an insignificant effect on VFGs. The observed reduction in ARGs abundance could be mainly attributed to the decrease abundance of the major ARGs carrier - Limnohabitansin the TGR and downstream areas due to high grazing pressure and fitness cost. Conversely, the abundance of microbes carrying VFGs (potential pathogens) remained stable from upstream to the dam reservoir, which may explain the negligible impact on VFG abundance. Overall, our results provide a detailed understanding of the ecological health implications of dam construction in large river ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojuan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Junwen Chen
- Center for Water and Ecology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Jie Mao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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2
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Baruch EM, Yarnell SM, Grantham TE, Ayers JR, Rypel AL, Lusardi RA. Mimicking functional elements of the natural flow regime promotes native fish recovery in a regulated river. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e3013. [PMID: 39004420 DOI: 10.1002/eap.3013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Streamflow regimes that maintain vital functions and processes of aquatic ecosystems are critical to sustaining ecosystem health. In rivers with altered flow regimes, restoring components of the natural flow regime is predicted to conserve freshwater biodiversity by supporting ecological functions and geomorphological processes to which native communities are adapted. However, the effectiveness of environmental flow restoration is poorly understood because of inadequate monitoring and uncertainty in ecological responses to managed changes in specific, quantifiable aspects of the annual streamflow regime. Here, we used time series models to analyze 25 years of fish assemblage data collected before and after environmental flow implementation in a dammed river in California, USA. We examined the response of the fish community to changes in individual components of the flow regime known to support ecosystem functions. We found that as functional flow components shifted toward their predicted natural range, the quasi-extinction risk (likelihood of population declines of >80%) decreased for the native fish assemblage. Following environmental flow implementation, observed changes toward natural ranges of dry season duration, fall pulse flow magnitude, and wet season timing each reduced quasi-extinction risk by at least 40% for the native assemblage. However, functional flow components that shifted away from their predicted natural range, including lower spring recession flows and higher dry season baseflow, resulted in greater quasi-extinction risk for native species. In contrast, non-native species decreased in abundance when flow components shifted toward predicted natural ranges and increased when components shifted away from their natural range. Although most functional flow components remained outside of their natural range following environmental flow implementation, our results indicate that even moderate shifts toward a natural flow regime can benefit native and suppress non-native fish species. Overall, this study provides the most compelling evidence to date of the effectiveness of functional environmental flows in supporting native fish recovery in a highly regulated river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Baruch
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife, West Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Sarah M Yarnell
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Theodore E Grantham
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jessica R Ayers
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Andrew L Rypel
- Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Robert A Lusardi
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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3
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Null SE, Zeff H, Mount J, Gray B, Sturrock AM, Sencan G, Dybala K, Thompson B. Storing and managing water for the environment is more efficient than mimicking natural flows. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5462. [PMID: 38937466 PMCID: PMC11211385 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Dams and reservoirs are often needed to provide environmental water and maintain suitable water temperatures for downstream ecosystems. Here, we evaluate if water allocated to the environment, with storage to manage it, might allow environmental water to more reliably meet ecosystem objectives than a proportion of natural flow. We use a priority-based water balance operations model and a reservoir temperature model to evaluate 1) pass-through of a portion of reservoir inflow versus 2) allocating a portion of storage capacity and inflow for downstream flow and stream temperature objectives. We compare trade-offs to other senior and junior priority water demands. In many months, pass-through flows exceed the volumes needed to meet environmental demands. Storage provides the ability to manage release timing to use water efficiently for environmental benefit, with a co-benefit of increasing reservoir storage to protect cold-water at depth in the reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Null
- Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
- Water Policy Center, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Harrison Zeff
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Mount
- Water Policy Center, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian Gray
- Water Policy Center, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna M Sturrock
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK
| | - Gokce Sencan
- Water Policy Center, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Barton Thompson
- Stanford Law School & Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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4
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Qiu R, Wang D, Singh VP, Wang Y, Wu J. Integration of deep learning and improved multi-objective algorithm to optimize reservoir operation for balancing human and downstream ecological needs. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121314. [PMID: 38368733 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Dam (reservoir)-induced alterations of flow and water temperature regimes can threaten downstream fish habitats and native aquatic ecosystems. Alleviating the negative environmental impacts of dam-reservoir and balancing the multiple purposes of reservoir operation have attracted wide attention. While previous studies have incorporated ecological flow requirements in reservoir operation strategies, a comprehensive analysis of trade-offs among hydropower benefits, ecological flow, and ecological water temperature demands is lacking. Hence, this study develops a multi-objective ecological scheduling model, considering total power generation, ecological flow guarantee index, and ecological water temperature guarantee index simultaneously. The model is based on an integrated multi-objective simulation-optimization (MOSO) framework which is applied to Three Gorges Reservoir. To that end, first, a hybrid long short-term memory and one-dimensional convolutional neural network (LSTM_1DCNN) model is utilized to simulate the dam discharge temperature. Then, an improved epsilon multi-objective ant colony optimization for continuous domain algorithm (ε-MOACOR) is proposed to investigate the trade-offs among the competing objectives. Results show that LSTM _1DCNN outperforms other competing models in predicting dam discharge temperature. The conflicts among economic and ecological objectives are often prominent. The proposed ε-MOACOR has potential in resolving such conflicts and has high efficiency in solving multi-objective benchmark tests as well as reservoir optimization problem. More realistic and pragmatic Pareto-optimal solutions for typical dry, normal and wet years can be generated by the MOSO framework. The ecological water temperature guarantee index objective, which should be considered in reservoir operation, can be improved as inflow discharge increases or the temporal distribution of dam discharge volume becomes more uneven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujian Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Vijay P Singh
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Zachry Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; and National Water and Energy Center, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Yuankun Wang
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jichun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
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5
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Aramburú-Paucar JM, Martínez-Capel F, Puig-Mengual CA, Muñoz-Mas R, Bertagnoli A, Tonina D. A large flood resets riverine morphology, improves connectivity and enhances habitats of a regulated river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170717. [PMID: 38331283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Flow regulation in gravel-bed rivers impacts the hydrology, sediments and morphology, riparian vegetation, and vertical connectivity with the hyporheic zone. In this context, previous works have suggested that flood events may have riverine morphological and ecological benefits. In a Mediterranean-climate river system, we analyzed the impact of a 18-year return period flood on river morphology, riparian vegetation, fish aquatic habitat quality, and hyporheic exchange in a dam-regulated gravel-bed river, Serpis River (Spain). We collected pre- and post-flood riparian vegetation distributions and bathymetries, which were used to develop two-dimensional surface and three-dimensional subsurface numerical models to map surface and hyporheic hydraulics. Results show that the large flood removed the invasive giant reed from large areas, reshaped the in-channel morphology by forming new bars and pools, and enhanced the complexity of the flow field and the hydro-morphological diversity. The habitat availability for the endemic Eastern Iberian chub (Squalius valentinus) and invasive bleak (Alburnus alburnus) increased. Hyporheic exchange showed limited change under losing conditions, but noticeable under neutral ambient groundwater condition. This study corroborates the beneficial effects that flood events or high flow releases may have on regulated streams and the potential use of high flow pulse as a restoration tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhoselyn Milagros Aramburú-Paucar
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Spain
| | - Francisco Martínez-Capel
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Antonio Puig-Mengual
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Spain
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Mas
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Spain; Water Management and Planning Division, Tragsatec, c/ Julián Camarillo 6B, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Bertagnoli
- Center for Ecohydraulics Research, University of Idaho, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Daniele Tonina
- Center for Ecohydraulics Research, University of Idaho, Boise, ID, USA
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6
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Corline NJ, Bellido-Leiva F, Alarcon A, Dahlgren R, Van Nieuwenhuyse EE, Beakes M, Lusardi RA. Reservoir-derived subsidies provide a potential management opportunity for novel river ecosystems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118852. [PMID: 37647732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems world-wide are being irreversibly altered, suggesting that new and innovative management strategies are necessary to improve ecosystem function and sustainability. In river ecosystems degraded by dams environmental flows and selective withdrawal (SWD) infrastructure have been used to improve habitat for native species. Yet, few studies have quantified nutrient and food web export subsidies from upstream reservoirs, despite their potential to subsidize downstream riverine food webs. We sampled nutrient, phytoplankton, and zooplankton concentrations in outflows from the Shasta-Keswick reservoir complex in Northern California over a 12-month period to understand how SWD operation and internal reservoir conditions interact to influence subsidies to the Sacramento River. We found that nutrients, phytoplankton, and zooplankton were continuously exported from Shasta Reservoir to the Sacramento River and that gate operations at Shasta Dam were important in controlling exports. Further, our results indicate that gate operations and water-export depth strongly correlated with zooplankton community exports, whereas internal reservoir conditions (mixing and residence time) controlled concentrations of exported zooplankton biomass and chlorophyll a. These results demonstrate that reservoirs can be an important source of nutrient and food web subsidies and that selective withdrawal infrastructure may provide a valuable management tool to control ecosystem-level productivity downstream of dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Corline
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA; Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Francisco Bellido-Leiva
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Adriana Alarcon
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Randy Dahlgren
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Michael Beakes
- U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Bay Delta Office, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
| | - Robert A Lusardi
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Wildlife, Fish, And Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, USA
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7
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Chauhan T, Devanand A, Roxy MK, Ashok K, Ghosh S. River interlinking alters land-atmosphere feedback and changes the Indian summer monsoon. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5928. [PMID: 37739937 PMCID: PMC10517128 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Massive river interlinking projects are proposed to offset observed increasing droughts and floods in India, the most populated country in the world. These projects involve water transfer from surplus to deficit river basins through reservoirs and canals without an in-depth understanding of the hydro-meteorological consequences. Here, we use causal delineation techniques, a coupled regional climate model, and multiple reanalysis datasets, and show that land-atmosphere feedbacks generate causal pathways between river basins in India. We further find that increased irrigation from the transferred water reduces mean rainfall in September by up to 12% in already water-stressed regions of India. We observe more drying in La Niña years compared to El Niño years. Reduced September precipitation can dry rivers post-monsoon, augmenting water stress across the country and rendering interlinking dysfunctional. Our findings highlight the need for model-guided impact assessment studies of large-scale hydrological projects across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejasvi Chauhan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Anjana Devanand
- Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mathew Koll Roxy
- Centre for Climate Change Research, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
| | - Karumuri Ashok
- Centre for Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subimal Ghosh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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8
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Earhart ML, Blanchard TS, Morrison PR, Strowbridge N, Penman RJ, Brauner CJ, Schulte PM, Baker DW. Identification of upper thermal thresholds during development in the endangered Nechako white sturgeon with management implications for a regulated river. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 11:coad032. [PMID: 37228298 PMCID: PMC10205467 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-induced warming effects are already evident in river ecosystems, and projected increases in temperature will continue to amplify stress on fish communities. In addition, many rivers globally are impacted by dams, which have many negative effects on fishes by altering flow, blocking fish passage, and changing sediment composition. However, in some systems, dams present an opportunity to manage river temperature through regulated releases of cooler water. For example, there is a government mandate for Kenney dam operators in the Nechako river, British Columbia, Canada, to maintain river temperature <20°C in July and August to protect migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). However, there is another endangered fish species inhabiting the same river, Nechako white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), and it is unclear if these current temperature regulations, or timing of the regulations, are suitable for spawning and developing sturgeon. In this study, we aimed to identify upper thermal thresholds in white sturgeon embryos and larvae to investigate if exposure to current river temperatures are playing a role in recruitment failure. We incubated embryos and yolk-sac larvae in three environmentally relevant temperatures (14, 18 and 21°C) throughout development to identify thermal thresholds across different levels of biological organization. Our results demonstrate upper thermal thresholds at 21°C across physiological measurements in embryo and yolk-sac larvae white sturgeon. Before hatch, both embryo survival and metabolic rate were reduced at 21°C. After hatch, sublethal consequences continued at 21°C because larval sturgeon had decreased thermal plasticity and a dampened transcriptional response during development. In recent years, the Nechako river has reached 21°C by the end of June, and at this temperature, a decrease in sturgeon performance is evident in most of the traits measured. As such, the thermal thresholds identified here suggest current temperature regulations may not be suitable for developing white sturgeon and future recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Earhart
- Corresponding author: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. . Tel.: 204-799-9338
| | - Tessa S Blanchard
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Phillip R Morrison
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Resource Management and Protection, and Biology Department, Vancouver Island University, 900 Fifth Street Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada
| | - Nicholas Strowbridge
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Rachael J Penman
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Instreams fisheries research, 2323 Boundary Rd Unit 115, Vancouver, BC V5M 4V8, Canada
| | - Colin J Brauner
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Patricia M Schulte
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Daniel W Baker
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Vancouver Island University, 900 Fifth Street, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada
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9
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Li H, Li Z, Tang Q, Li R, Lu L. Local-Scale Damming Impact on the Planktonic Bacterial and Eukaryotic Assemblages in the upper Yangtze River. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:1323-1337. [PMID: 35437690 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02012-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dam construction and impoundment cause discontinuities in the natural biophysical gradients in rivers. These discontinuities may alter distinctive habitats and different microbial community assembly mechanisms upstream and downstream of dams, which reflect the potential impacts of damming on riverine aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the planktonic microbial assemblages of three large dams in the upper Yangtze River by using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed that the alpha diversity indexes increased downstream of the dams. In addition, more eukaryotic ASVs solely occurred downstream of the dams, which indicated that a large proportion of eukaryotes appeared downstream of the dams. The nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that there was no obvious geographic clustering of the planktonic microbial assemblages among the different locations or among the different dams. However, the dam barriers changed dam-related variables (maximum dam height and water level) and local environmental variables (water temperature, DOC, etc.) that could possibly affect the assembly of the planktonic microbial communities that are closest to the dams. A co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that the keystone taxa of the planktonic bacteria and eukaryotes decreased downstream of the dams. In particular, the keystone taxa of the eukaryotes disappeared downstream of the dams. The robustness analysis indicated that the natural connectivity of the microbial networks decreased more rapidly upstream of the dams, and the downstream eukaryotic network was more stable. In conclusion, damming has a greater impact on planktonic eukaryotes than on bacteria in near-dam areas, and planktonic microbial assemblages were more susceptible to the environmental changes. Our study provides a better understanding of the ecological effects of river damming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Water Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Zhe Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Water Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Qiong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Water Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lunhui Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Water Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
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10
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Yousefi M, Wang J, Fandrem Høivik Ø, Rajasekharan J, Hubert Wierling A, Farahmand H, Arghandeh R. Short-term inflow forecasting in a dam-regulated river in Southwest Norway using causal variational mode decomposition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7016. [PMID: 37120622 PMCID: PMC10148885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change affects patterns and uncertainties associated with river water regimes, which significantly impact hydropower generation and reservoir storage operation. Hence, reliable and accurate short-term inflow forecasting is vital to face climate effects better and improve hydropower scheduling performance. This paper proposes a Causal Variational Mode Decomposition (CVD) preprocessing framework for the inflow forecasting problem. CVD is a preprocessing feature selection framework that is built upon multiresolution analysis and causal inference. CVD can reduce computation time while increasing forecasting accuracy by down-selecting the most relevant features to the target value (inflow in a specific location). Moreover, the proposed CVD framework is a complementary step to any machine learning-based forecasting method as it is tested with four different forecasting algorithms in this paper. CVD is validated using actual data from a river system downstream of a hydropower reservoir in the southwest of Norway. The experimental results show that CVD-LSTM reduces forecasting error metric by almost 70% compared with a baseline (scenario 1) and reduces by 25% compared to an LSTM for the same composition of input data (scenario 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Yousefi
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jinghao Wang
- Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Jayaprakash Rajasekharan
- Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - August Hubert Wierling
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hossein Farahmand
- Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reza Arghandeh
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Bergen, Norway
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11
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Zhang X, Jiang L, Liu Z, Kittel CMM, Yao Z, Druce D, Wang R, Tøttrup C, Liu J, Jiang H, Bauer-Gottwein P. Flow regime changes in the Lancang River, revealed by integrated modeling with multiple Earth observation datasets. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160656. [PMID: 36493828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The flow regime change of rivers, especially transboundary rivers, affected by reservoir regulations is evident worldwide and has received much attention. Investigating dam-induced flow regime alterations is essential for understanding potential adverse downstream effects and facilitating dialogue around coordinated water use in transboundary basins, such as the Lancang River Basin (LRB). This study explored the value of combining several types of satellite Earth observation (EO) datasets that monitor different water balance components to constrain the parameter space of lumped conceptual hydrological models. Thus, we aimed to reconstruct the natural flow regimes upstream and downstream of the cascade reservoirs. Specifically, reservoir water storage changes were first estimated using satellite imagery and altimetry datasets. Then, storage changes were combined with hydrological model simulations of reservoir inflow to estimate the regulated flow regime downstream. Our results showed that integrated hydrological modeling combined with EO datasets exhibited better overall performance. Continuous warming and drying of the LRB resulted in a decrease in discharge of approximately 47 %. By comparing the simulated natural and regulated flow regimes, we revealed the pivotal role of the Xiaowan and Nuozhadu reservoirs in regulating natural flows. The wet season shortens (approximately 45 days), the flood peak flattens, and the low flow in the dry season has primarily increases. The two reservoirs attenuated 50 % of the flood peaks in the wet seasons and mitigated droughts by releasing up to 100 % of the natural flows in the dry seasons at the China-Laos border. Overall, these results enhance the understanding of upper reservoir operation, and the approaches can be applied to studies of dammed basins under climate change scenarios when knowledge of the upstream area is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liguang Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zhaofei Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | | | - Zhijun Yao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | - Rui Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hou Jiang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peter Bauer-Gottwein
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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12
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Liu J, Zang C, Zuo Q, Han C, Krause S. Application and Comparison of Different Models for Quantifying the Aquatic Community in a Dam-Controlled River. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4148. [PMID: 36901158 PMCID: PMC10001588 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop a better model for quantifying aquatic community using environmental factors that are easy to get, we construct quantitative aquatic community models that utilize the different relationships between water environmental impact factors and aquatic biodiversity as follows: a multi-factor linear-based (MLE) model and a black box-based 'Genetic algorithm-BP artificial neural networks' (GA-BP) model. A comparison of the model efficiency and their outputs is conducted by applying the models to real-life cases, referring to the 49 groups of seasonal data observed over seven field sampling campaigns in Shaying River, China, and then performing model to reproduce the seasonal and inter-annual variation of the water ecological characteristics in the Huaidian (HD) site over 10 years. The results show that (1) the MLE and GA-BP models constructed in this paper are effective in quantifying aquatic communities in dam-controlled rivers; and (2) the performance of GA-BP models based on black-box relationships in predicting the aquatic community is better, more stable, and reliable; (3) reproducing the seasonal and inter-annual aquatic biodiversity in the HD site of Shaying River shows that the seasonal variation of species diversity for phytoplankton, zooplankton, and zoobenthos are inconsistent, and the inter-annual levels of diversity are low due to the negative impact of dam control. Our models can be used as a tool for aquatic community prediction and can become a contribution to showing how quantitative models in other dam-controlled rivers to assisting in dam management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chao Zang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Qiting Zuo
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chunhui Han
- College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- LEHNA - Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystemes Naturels et Anthropises, University of Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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13
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Deng Q, Sabo JL, Holtgrieve GW, Ngor PB, Holway J. Timing of hydrologic anomalies direct impacts on migration traits in a flood pulse fishery system. J Appl Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Deng
- ByWater Institute Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - John L. Sabo
- ByWater Institute, Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
- School of Science and Engineering Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Gordon W. Holtgrieve
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Peng Bun Ngor
- Faculty of Fisheries Royal University of Agriculture and Wonders of the Mekong Project Phnom Penh Cambodia
| | - Joseph Holway
- ByWater Institute Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
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14
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Sun S, Lü Y, Fu B. Relations between physical and ecosystem service flows of freshwater are critical for water resource security in large dryland river basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159549. [PMID: 36265644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystem services are the link between ecological systems and social systems, which is an important guarantee of the freshwater safety particularly in dryland regions. However, more quantitative research has been based on the freshwater ecosystem services of static situations, and less on the flow conditions. We established a comprehensive modeling framework for the analysis of water security pattern based on the physical flow (PF) and ecosystem service flow (ESF) of freshwater. The results for Yellow River Basin showed that the water-scarce area have reduced in the past two decades. The PF of freshwater relieves water stress on an average of 52.1 % of the static water in scarce areas per year. The problem in water-deficient areas meanly lies on the water supply side. These results highlight the importance of PF from the upstream to downstream, which is critical for formulating sustainable management strategies in safeguarding long-term regional freshwater resource security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yihe Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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15
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Feio MJ, Hughes RM, Serra SRQ, Nichols SJ, Kefford BJ, Lintermans M, Robinson W, Odume ON, Callisto M, Macedo DR, Harding JS, Yates AG, Monk W, Nakamura K, Mori T, Sueyoshi M, Mercado‐Silva N, Chen K, Baek MJ, Bae YJ, Tachamo‐Shah RD, Shah DN, Campbell I, Moya N, Arimoro FO, Keke UN, Martins RT, Alves CBM, Pompeu PS, Sharma S. Fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages reveal extensive degradation of the world's rivers. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:355-374. [PMID: 36131677 PMCID: PMC10091732 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rivers suffer from multiple stressors acting simultaneously on their biota, but the consequences are poorly quantified at the global scale. We evaluated the biological condition of rivers globally, including the largest proportion of countries from the Global South published to date. We gathered macroinvertebrate- and fish-based assessments from 72,275 and 37,676 sites, respectively, from 64 study regions across six continents and 45 nations. Because assessments were based on differing methods, different systems were consolidated into a 3-class system: Good, Impaired, or Severely Impaired, following common guidelines. The proportion of sites in each class by study area was calculated and each region was assigned a Köppen-Geiger climate type, Human Footprint score (addressing landscape alterations), Human Development Index (HDI) score (addressing social welfare), % rivers with good ambient water quality, % protected freshwater key biodiversity areas; and % of forest area net change rate. We found that 50% of macroinvertebrate sites and 42% of fish sites were in Good condition, whereas 21% and 29% were Severely Impaired, respectively. The poorest biological conditions occurred in Arid and Equatorial climates and the best conditions occurred in Snow climates. Severely Impaired conditions were associated (Pearson correlation coefficient) with higher HDI scores, poorer physico-chemical water quality, and lower proportions of protected freshwater areas. Good biological conditions were associated with good water quality and increased forested areas. It is essential to implement statutory bioassessment programs in Asian, African, and South American countries, and continue them in Oceania, Europe, and North America. There is a need to invest in assessments based on fish, as there is less information globally and fish were strong indicators of degradation. Our study highlights a need to increase the extent and number of protected river catchments, preserve and restore natural forested areas in the catchments, treat wastewater discharges, and improve river connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Feio
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreARNET, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Robert M. Hughes
- Amnis Opes InstituteCorvallisOregonUSA
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Sónia R. Q. Serra
- Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreARNET, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Susan J. Nichols
- Centre for Applied Water ScienceInstitute for Applied Ecology, University of CanberraCanberraAustralia
| | - Ben J. Kefford
- Centre for Applied Water ScienceInstitute for Applied Ecology, University of CanberraCanberraAustralia
| | - Mark Lintermans
- Centre for Applied Water ScienceInstitute for Applied Ecology, University of CanberraCanberraAustralia
| | | | - Oghenekaro N. Odume
- Unilever Centre for Environmental Water QualityInstitute for Water Research, Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa
| | - Marcos Callisto
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Diego R. Macedo
- Departamento de GeografiaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Jon S. Harding
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Adam G. Yates
- Department of BiologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Wendy Monk
- Environment and Climate Change Canada and Canadian Rivers Institute, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental ManagementUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonCanada
| | | | - Terutaka Mori
- Aqua Restoration Research CenterPublic Works Research InstituteKakamigaharaGifuJapan
| | - Masanao Sueyoshi
- Aqua Restoration Research CenterPublic Works Research InstituteKakamigaharaGifuJapan
| | - Norman Mercado‐Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y ConservaciónUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavacaMorelosMexico
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Min Jeong Baek
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Ministry of EnvironmentIncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jae Bae
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ram Devi Tachamo‐Shah
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, Aquatic Ecology CentreKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal
| | - Deep Narayan Shah
- Central Department of Environmental ScienceTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | | | - Nabor Moya
- Instituto Experimental de BiologiaUniversidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de ChuquisacaSucreBolivia
| | - Francis O. Arimoro
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal BiologyFederal University of TechnologyMinnaNigeria
| | - Unique N. Keke
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal BiologyFederal University of TechnologyMinnaNigeria
| | - Renato T. Martins
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Curso de pós‐graduação em EntomologiaInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrazil
| | - Carlos B. M. Alves
- Laboratório Nuvelhas, Projeto ManuelzãoUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Paulo S. Pompeu
- Departamento de Ecologia e ConservaçãoUniversidade Federal de LavrasLavrasBrazil
| | - Subodh Sharma
- Aquatic Ecology Centre, School of ScienceKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal
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16
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Wang Y, Qiu R, Tao Y, Wu J. Influence of the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir on hydrothermal conditions for fish habitat in the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:10995-11011. [PMID: 36087184 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The thermal regimes of rivers play an important role in the overall health of aquatic ecosystems. Modifications to water temperature regimes resulting from dams and reservoirs have important consequences for river ecosystems. This study investigates the impacts of the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) on the water temperature regime of fish spawning habitats in the middle reach of the Yangtze River, China. Mike 11 model is used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of water temperatures of the expanse of 400 km along the river, from Yichang to Chenglingji. The water temperature alterations caused by the operation of the TGR are assessed with river temperature metrics. The impact on spawning habitats due to water temperature variation was also discussed in different impoundments of the TGR. The results show that the TGR has significantly altered the downstream water temperature regime, affecting the baseline deviation and phase shift of the water temperature. Such impacts on the thermal regime of the river varied with the impoundment level. The effects of the TGR on the water temperature regime decreased as the distance from the structure to the sample site increased. The water temperature regime alterations have led to the delay of the spawning times of the four famous major carp (FFMC) species. The results could be used to identify the magnitudes of water temperature alterations induced by reservoirs in the Yangtze River and provide useful information to design ecological operations for the protection of river ecosystem integrity in regulated rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Wang
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rujian Qiu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Tao
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichun Wu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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17
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Huang W, Wang Z, Liu X, Zhu D, Wang Y, Wu L. The microbial community and functional indicators response to flow restoration in gradient in a simulated water flume. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1051375. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1051375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow reduction has greatly affected the river ecological systems, and it has attracted much attention. However, less attention has been paid to response to flow restoration, especially flow restoration in gradient. Flow regime of rivers may affect river functional indicators and microbial community structure. This study simulated the ecological restoration of the flow-reduced river reach by gradiently controlling the water flow and explores the ecological response of environmental functional indicators and microbial community structure to the water flow. The results showed that gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration rate (ER) and some water quality indices such as chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus (TP), exhibited positive ecological responses to flow restoration in gradient. GPP and ER increased by 600.1% and 500.2%, respectively. The alpha diversity indices of the microbial community increased significantly with a flow gradient restoration. Thereinto, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and Ace indices, respectively, increased by 16.4%, 5.6%, 8.6%, and 6.2%. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that water flow, Dissolved oxygen and TP were the main influencing factors for changes in bacterial community structure. Microbial community structure and composition present a positive ecological response to flow restoration in gradient. This study reveals that the main variable in the restoration of the flow-reduced river reach is the flow discharge, and it provides a feasible scheme for its ecological restoration.
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18
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Zhang P, Liu Q, Wang Y, Zhu DZ, Liang R, Qin L, Li R, Ji Q, Li K. River habitat assessment and restoration in high dam flood discharge systems with total dissolved gas supersaturation. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118833. [PMID: 35841786 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The success of river habitat restoration relies on accurate assessment proxies. However, determining how to quantitatively assess the impact of multiple stressors during flood discharge from high dams in riverine ecosystems and where and how to implement more reliable recovery interventions remain challenges. Here, we developed a bottom-up mechanistic framework for assessing the effects of total dissolved gas supersaturation (TDGS) and hydrodynamics on fish habitat quality and applied it to the downstream river reach of the Xiangjiaba Dam in Southwest China. The results showed that the available habitat area of river sturgeon was the smallest, while Chinese sucker had the largest available habitat area among the three target species under all discharge scenarios. Although the TDGS levels were evenly mixed laterally, the habitat suitability index indicated that the suitable habitats were primarily within both sides of the river reach under all scenarios, which is contrary to findings based on the traditional TDGS risk assessment model. The traditional TDGS risk assessment model overestimates the impact of dams on habitats. This divergence reflected the sensitivity of the habitat assessment to fish habitat preferences, fish tolerance to TDGS and the biological response of fish under TDGS. Additionally, the priority areas for restoration can be identified by habitat suitability index with lower values. We simulated twenty-four schemes and found that interventions such as stone groups, ecological spur dike, water-retaining weir and river dredging can enhance habitat suitability for fish species under multiple stressors, providing novel insights into where and how to mitigate the impact of TDGS. Our findings offer a transferable framework for the quantitative evaluation of fish habitat and implementation of restoration management during dam flood discharge periods, thus providing a new perspective for biodiversity conservation and habitat restoration in dam-regulated rivers with TDGS around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuanming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - David Z Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Leilei Qin
- China Three Gorges Projects Development Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qianfeng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kefeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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19
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Smart Sharing Plan: The Key to the Water Crisis. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14152320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, the Colorado River has become inadequate for development due to natural factors and human activities. The hydroelectric facilities in Lake Mead and Lake Powell are also not fully utilized. Downstream, Mexico is also involved in the competition for water. The resulting allocation of water and electricity resources and sustainable development are hanging over our heads and waiting to be solved. In this work, a simplified Penstock Dam model and a Distance Decay model are designed based on publicly available data, and a Multi-attribute Decision model for hydropower based on the Novel Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method is proposed. In addition, an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization model is proposed by adding oscillation parameters. The Mexican equity problem is also explored. The theoretical results show that the average error of the Penstock Dam model is 3.2%. The minimum water elevation requirements for Lake Mead and Lake Powell are 950 ft and 3460 ft, respectively; they will not meet demand in 2026 and 2027 without action, and they will require the introduction of 3.69×1010 m3 and 2.08×109 m3 water in 2027 and 2028, respectively. The solution shows that the net profit for the United States is greatest when 38.6% of the additional water is used for general purposes, 47.5% is used for power generation, and the rest flows to Mexico. A final outlook on the sustainability of the Colorado River is provided.
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20
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Kalogianni E, Kapakos Y, Oikonomou A, Giakoumi S, Zimmerman B. Dramatic decline of two freshwater killifishes, main anthropogenic drivers and appropriate conservation actions. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Changes in Selected Low-Flow Characteristics in the 2001–2015 Period Compared to the 1961–2000 Reference Period in Slovakia. CLIMATE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cli10060081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research is focused on the assessment of drought on surface watercourses in Slovakia. Low-flow characteristics and their changes in the 2001–2015 period in comparison with the 1961–2000 reference period were evaluated at selected representative water-gauging stations. Two different methods were used to calculate the flow duration curves (FDCs): the standard method, based on mean daily discharge data series for the whole evaluated period in descending order, and the alternative method, based on first calculating the values of FDCs for each year of the assessed period and then averaging the corresponding percentile values. The changes were evaluated for selected percentiles of the FDCs (330-, 355-, and 364-day discharge). The number of days with the mean daily flow below the set limits and the seasonality of their occurrence were assessed. The results show significant changes in cases of both methods in the compared time periods, while differences in individual regions of Slovakia were also found. The weakness of the standard method is in allowing the values of the smallest quantiles to be influenced by a small number of long-lasting drought episodes. The alternative method eliminates the aforementioned shortcoming and could be used to determine the ecological flows in Slovakia.
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22
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Impact of River-Reservoir Hybrid System on Zooplankton Community and River Connectivity. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic connectivity regulation in rivers, such as via weirs and dams, affects the plankton community. We hypothesized that the longitudinal similarity of the zooplankton community in a river could change in a river–reservoir hybrid system (RRHS). The impact of weir construction on zooplankton communities in terms of species diversity, abundance, and community structure was examined biweekly at six sites on the Nakdong River for 14 years (before construction: 2002–2008; after construction: 2012–2018). We checked time-series alignment using a dynamic time-warping method between longitudinal survey sites. After RRHS, the zooplankton community showed an increasing number of species. However, RRHS decreased the longitudinal similarity in terms of number of zooplankton species and population density. Our results demonstrate the negative effect of lateral infrastructures on zooplankton populations due to river fragmentation and habitat alteration.
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23
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Quantification of Off-Channel Inundated Habitat for Pacific Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) along the Sacramento River, California, Using Remote Sensing Imagery. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14061443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Off-channel areas are one of the most impacted aquatic habitats by humans globally, as extensive agricultural and urban development has limited them to roughly 10% of historical extent. This is also true for California’s Sacramento River Valley, where historically frequent widespread inundation has been reduced to a few off-channel water bodies along the mid-Sacramento River. This remaining shallow-water habitat provides crucial ecological benefits to multiple avian and fish species, but especially to floodplain-adapted species such as Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Characterizing spatiotemporal off-channel dynamics, including inundation extent and residence time, is fundamental to better understanding the intrinsic value of such habitats and their potential to support recovery actions. Remote sensing techniques have been increasingly used to map surface water at regional and local scales, with improved resolutions. As such, this study maps off-channel inundation areas and describes their temporal dynamics by analyzing pixel-based time- series of multiple water indices, modified Normalized Difference Water Index (mNDWI) and the Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI), generated from LandSat-8 and Sentinel-2 data between 2013–2021. Quantified off-channel area was similar with each water index and method used, but improved performance was associated with Sentinel-2 products and AWEI index to identify wetted areas under lower mainstem discharges. Results indicate an uneven distribution of off-channel habitat in the study area, with limited inundated areas in upstream reaches (<16% of total off-channel area for greater flows). In addition, much less habitat exists for flows under 400 m3/s, an important migration cue for endangered winter-run Chinook salmon, limiting juvenile access to areas with enhanced rearing conditions. Off-channel habitat residence times averaged between 7 and 16 days, primarily defined by the rate of receding flows, with rapid flow recession providing marginal off-channel habitat. This study shows reasonable performance of moderate resolution LandSat-8 and Sentinel-2 remote sensing imagery to characterize shallow-water inundated habitat in higher-order rivers, and as a method to inform restoration and native fish recovery efforts.
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Owusu A, Mul M, Strauch M, van der Zaag P, Volk M, Slinger J. The clam and the dam: A Bayesian belief network approach to environmental flow assessment in a data scarce region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:151315. [PMID: 34756909 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Volta clam, Galatea paradoxa, is a freshwater macrobenthic bivalve which is endemic to the Lower Volta River in Ghana. The range of occurrence of the clam has been influenced by the flow regime in the Lower Volta which is in turn controlled by operation of two dams located upstream. Previous research has documented the changes to the Lower Volta due to the dams and attempts have been made to design environmental flows (e-flows), freshwater flows to sustain ecosystems, to inform the re-operation of the dams. The past attempts were based on the pre-dam, natural flow regime of the Lower Volta. In this study, a designer e-flow approach is explored using the Volta clam as an indicator species. Using knowledge garnered from various sources on the lifecycle, habitat and the local conditions corresponding to historical and current states of the Volta clams, the factors influencing its extent are visualized and quantified in a Bayesian belief network (BBN). Based on this BBN, an e-flow recommendation for the Lower Volta is for low flows, between 50 m3/s and 330 m3/s, for four months during the Volta clam veliger larva and recruitment life stages which occur in November to March. In addition, it is recommended that full breaching of the sandbar which regularly builds up at the Volta Estuary is done annually and that sand winning on the river bed is prohibited. These e-flow and management recommendations will have consequences for other water users and these have to be investigated, for instance by flow experiments and trade-off analysis. The results show that a BBN is potentially suitable for modelling the linkages between flows, management practices and the status of ecological indicators for the development of e-flows for highly modified rivers in data scarce regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afua Owusu
- Land and Water Management Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, the Netherlands; Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, TU Delft, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Marloes Mul
- Land and Water Management Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Strauch
- Department Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pieter van der Zaag
- Land and Water Management Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, the Netherlands; Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, TU Delft, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Volk
- Department Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jill Slinger
- Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, TU Delft, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands; Institute of Water Research, Rhodes University, Drosty Rd, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
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Steyaert JC, Condon LE, W D Turner S, Voisin N. ResOpsUS, a dataset of historical reservoir operations in the contiguous United States. Sci Data 2022; 9:34. [PMID: 35115581 PMCID: PMC8814038 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 52,000 dams in the contiguous US ranging from 0.5 to 243 meters high that collectively hold 600,000 million cubic meters of water. These structures have dramatically affected the river dynamics of every major watershed in the country. While there are national datasets that document dam attributes, there is no national dataset of reservoir operations. Here we present a dataset of historical reservoir inflows, outflows and changes in storage for 679 major reservoirs across the US, called ResOpsUS. All of the data are provided at a daily temporal resolution. Temporal coverage varies by reservoir depending on construction date and digital data availability. Overall, the data spans from 1930 to 2020, although the best coverage is for the most recent years, particularly 1980 to 2020. The reservoirs included in our dataset cover more than half of the total storage of large reservoirs in the US (defined as reservoirs with storage greater 0.1 km3). We document the assembly process of this dataset as well as its contents. Historical operations are also compared to static reservoir attribute datasets for validation. Measurement(s) | storage • inflow • outflow • evaporation • elevation | Technology Type(s) | digital curation | Factor Type(s) | temporal interval | Sample Characteristic - Environment | reservoir | Sample Characteristic - Location | contiguous United States of America |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17161415
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie C Steyaert
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
| | - Laura E Condon
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
| | | | - Nathalie Voisin
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
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Cid N, Erős T, Heino J, Singer G, Jähnig SC, Cañedo‐Argüelles M, Bonada N, Sarremejane R, Mykrä H, Sandin L, Paloniemi R, Varumo L, Datry T. From meta-system theory to the sustainable management of rivers in the Anthropocene. FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2022; 20:49-57. [PMID: 35873359 PMCID: PMC9292669 DOI: 10.1002/fee.2417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Regional-scale ecological processes, such as the spatial flows of material, energy, and organisms, are fundamental for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in river networks. Yet these processes remain largely overlooked in most river management practices and underlying policies. Here, we propose adoption of a meta-system approach, where regional processes acting at different levels of ecological organization - populations, communities, and ecosystems - are integrated into conventional river conservation, restoration, and biomonitoring. We also describe a series of measurements and indicators that could be assimilated into the implementation of relevant biodiversity and environmental policies. Finally, we highlight the need for alternative management strategies that can guide practitioners toward applying recent advances in ecology to preserve and restore river ecosystems and the ecosystem services they provide, in the context of increasing alteration of river network connectivity worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Cid
- INRAEUR RiverLyCentre de Lyon‐VilleurbanneVilleurbanne CedexFrance
| | - Tibor Erős
- Balaton Limnological Research InstituteTihanyHungary
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment InstituteFreshwater CentreOuluFinland
| | - Gabriel Singer
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesDepartment of Ecosystem ResearchBerlinGermany
- Geography DepartmentFaculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Miguel Cañedo‐Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management Research GroupDepartament de Biologia EvolutivaEcologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de l'AiguaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management Research GroupDepartament de Biologia EvolutivaEcologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la BiodiversitatUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Heikki Mykrä
- Finnish Environment InstituteFreshwater CentreOuluFinland
| | | | - Riikka Paloniemi
- Finnish Environment InstituteEnvironmental Policy CentreHelsinkiFinland
| | - Liisa Varumo
- Finnish Environment InstituteEnvironmental Policy CentreHelsinkiFinland
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAEUR RiverLyCentre de Lyon‐VilleurbanneVilleurbanne CedexFrance
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27
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Pedroza-Garcia JA, Xiang Y, De Veylder L. Cell cycle checkpoint control in response to DNA damage by environmental stresses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:490-507. [PMID: 34741364 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile organisms, plants are ubiquitously exposed to stresses that can affect the DNA replication process or cause DNA damage. To cope with these problems, plants utilize DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, consisting of both highly conserved and plant-specific elements. As a part of this DDR, cell cycle checkpoint control mechanisms either pause the cell cycle, to allow DNA repair, or lead cells into differentiation or programmed cell death, to prevent the transmission of DNA errors in the organism through mitosis or to its offspring via meiosis. The two major DDR cell cycle checkpoints control either the replication process or the G2/M transition. The latter is largely overseen by the plant-specific SOG1 transcription factor, which drives the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and MYB3R proteins, which are rate limiting for the G2/M transition. By contrast, the replication checkpoint is controlled by different players, including the conserved kinase WEE1 and likely the transcriptional repressor RBR1. These checkpoint mechanisms are called upon during developmental processes, in retrograde signaling pathways, and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, including metal toxicity, cold, salinity, and phosphate deficiency. Additionally, the recent expansion of research from Arabidopsis to other model plants has revealed species-specific aspects of the DDR. Overall, it is becoming evidently clear that the DNA damage checkpoint mechanisms represent an important aspect of the adaptation of plants to a changing environment, hence gaining more knowledge about this topic might be helpful to increase the resilience of plants to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Pedroza-Garcia
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Yanli Xiang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
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Kour G, Kothari R, Dhar S, Pathania D, Tyagi VV. Impact assessment on water quality in the polluted stretch using a cluster analysis during pre- and COVID-19 lockdown of Tawi river basin, Jammu, North India: an environment resiliency. ENERGY, ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 7:461-472. [PMID: 34095454 PMCID: PMC8164404 DOI: 10.1007/s40974-021-00215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pollution-free rivers give indication of a healthy ecosystem. The stretch of Tawi river particularly in the Jammu city is experiencing pollution load and the quality is degraded. The present study highlights the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the water quality of Tawi river in Jammu, J&K Union Territory. Water quality data based upon the real-time water monitoring for four locations (Below Tawi Bridge, Bhagwati Nagar, Belicharana and Surajpur) have been obtained from the web link of Jammu and Kashmir Pollution Control Board. The important parameters used in the present study include pH, alkalinity, hardness, conductivity, BOD and COD. The river was designated fit for bathing in all the monitoring locations except Bhagwati Nagar which recorded a BOD value >5 mg/L because of domestic sewage and municipal waste dumping. The overall water quality in the river during lockdown was good and falls in Class B with pH (7.0-8.5), alkalinity (23.25-185.0 mg/L), hardness (84.25-177.5 mg/L), conductivity (117-268 ms/cm). The improved water quality obtained during lockdown is never long-lasting as evident from the BOD and COD values observed during Unlock 1.0 due to accelerated anthropogenic activities in response to overcoming the economic loss, bringing the river water quality back to the degraded state. The statistical analysis known as cluster analysis has also been performed to evaluate the homogeneity of various monitoring sites based on the physicochemical variables. The need of the hour is to address the gaps of rejuvenation strategies and work over them for effective river resiliency and for sustainable river basin management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kour
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Bagla, Rahya Suchani, Samba, J&K 181143 India
| | - Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Bagla, Rahya Suchani, Samba, J&K 181143 India
| | - Sunil Dhar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Bagla, Rahya Suchani, Samba, J&K 181143 India
| | - Deepak Pathania
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Bagla, Rahya Suchani, Samba, J&K 181143 India
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhai Patel Cluster University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001 India
| | - V. V. Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K 182320 India
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Patrick CJ, Anderson KE, Brown BL, Hawkins CP, Metcalfe A, Saffarinia P, Siqueira T, Swan CM, Tonkin JD, Yuan LL. The application of metacommunity theory to the management of riverine ecosystems. WIRES. WATER 2021; 8:1-21. [PMID: 35874117 PMCID: PMC9301706 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
River managers strive to use the best available science to sustain biodiversity and ecosystem function. To achieve this goal requires consideration of processes at different scales. Metacommunity theory describes how multiple species from different communities potentially interact with local-scale environmental drivers to influence population dynamics and community structure. However, this body of knowledge has only rarely been used to inform management practices for river ecosystems. In this paper, we present a conceptual model outlining how the metacommunity processes of local niche sorting and dispersal can influence the outcomes of management interventions and provide a series of specific recommendations for applying these ideas as well as research needs. In all cases, we identify situations where traditional approaches to riverine management could be enhanced by incorporating an understanding of metacommunity dynamics. A common theme is developing guidelines for assessing the metacommunity context of a site or region, evaluating how that context may affect the desired outcome, and incorporating that understanding into the planning process and methods used. To maximize the effectiveness of management activities, scientists and resource managers should update the toolbox of approaches to riverine management to reflect theoretical advances in metacommunity ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Patrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, 1370 Greate Rd., Gloucester Point, VA 23062
| | - Kurt E Anderson
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, 900 University Ave., University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Brown L Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences, Ecology Center, and National Aquatic Monitoring Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Anya Metcalfe
- United States Geological Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, 2255 North Gemini Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001
| | - Parsa Saffarinia
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tadeu Siqueira
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24A 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900 Brazil
| | | | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Lester L Yuan
- United States Environmental Protection Agency - Office of Water
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30
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Behrens HM, Schmidt S, Spielmann T. The newly discovered role of endocytosis in artemisinin resistance. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2998-3022. [PMID: 34309894 DOI: 10.1002/med.21848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives (ART) are the cornerstone of malaria treatment as part of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). However, reduced susceptibility to artemisinin as well as its partner drugs threatens the usefulness of ACTs. Single point mutations in the parasite protein Kelch13 (K13) are necessary and sufficient for the reduced sensitivity of malaria parasites to ART but several alternative mechanisms for this resistance have been proposed. Recent work found that K13 is involved in the endocytosis of host cell cytosol and indicated that this is the process responsible for resistance in parasites with mutated K13. These studies also identified a series of further proteins that act together with K13 in the same pathway, including previously suspected resistance proteins such as UBP1 and AP-2μ. Here, we give a brief overview of artemisinin resistance, present the recent evidence of the role of endocytosis in ART resistance and discuss previous hypotheses in light of this new evidence. We also give an outlook on how the new insights might affect future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Michaela Behrens
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Section, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Section, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Spielmann
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Section, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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31
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Zaniolo M, Giuliani M, Sinclair S, Burlando P, Castelletti A. When timing matters-misdesigned dam filling impacts hydropower sustainability. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3056. [PMID: 34031413 PMCID: PMC8144588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades of sustainable dam planning efforts have focused on containing dam impacts in regime conditions, when the dam is fully filled and operational, overlooking potential disputes raised by the filling phase. Here, we argue that filling timing and operations can catalyze most of the conflicts associated with a dam's lifetime, which can be mitigated by adaptive solutions that respond to medium-to-long term hydroclimatic fluctuations. Our retrospective analysis of the contested recent filling of Gibe III in the Omo-Turkana basin provides quantitative evidence of the benefits generated by adaptive filling strategies, attaining levels of hydropower production comparable with the historical ones while curtailing the negative impacts to downstream users. Our results can inform a more sustainable filling of the new megadam currently under construction downstream of Gibe III, and are generalizable to the almost 500 planned dams worldwide in regions influenced by climate feedbacks, thus representing a significant scope to reduce the societal and environmental impacts of a large number of new hydropower reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zaniolo
- Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Giuliani
- Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Scott Sinclair
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Burlando
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Castelletti
- Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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32
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Zhang P, Li K, Liu Q, Liu R, Qin L, Wang H, Zhang Z, Wang K, Wang Y, Liang R, Zhu Z. Linking bait and feeding opportunities to fish foraging habitat for the assessment of environmental flows and river restoration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:144580. [PMID: 33736339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The survival of aquatic biota in different life history stages depends on food availability, water quantity and specific hydrological conditions, and is particularly susceptible in degraded rivers due to the development of hydropower or are sensitive to climate change. Habitats with limited food availability and restricted feeding opportunities can strongly affect the habitat carrying capacity and fish growth with consequences for spawning. Few environmental flow regime frameworks are available that closely link bait and feeding opportunities to fish foraging habitat. In addition, river restoration has been widely implemented to resolve the conflict between ecological demand and power generation benefits. Nevertheless, whether in-stream structures are still suitable for the joint operation of foraging and spawning habitats remains unclear. In this study, a framework to integrate the requirements of both spawning and foraging habitats into environmental flow regime assessments was proposed by coupling the bait supply, fish spawning and fish feeding opportunities. Here, we used the Batang Reservoir, located in the Tibetan Plateau, as an example to determine the environmental flow regimes. The environmental flow regimes during Periods I, II and III for the conservation of the life history stages of Schizothorax dolichonem were determined, which provided high-quality food and was beneficial for increasing the probability of restoration success. After the implementation of measures, the ecological base flow rate decreased from 171.80 m3/s, 206.00 m3/s and 257.70 m3/s to 138.00 m3/s, 206.00 m3/s and 206.00 m3/s in Periods I, II and III, respectively. We concluded that traditional river restoration with the use of in-stream structures is still suitable for the joint operation of spawning and foraging habitats, but the design selection and placement of in-stream structures should be preoptimized. The framework proposed will help managers evaluate habitat conservation to protect degraded rivers or help develop strategies to build resilience to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kefeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xian 710065, China
| | - Leilei Qin
- China Three Gorges Projects Development Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Sichuan Province Zipingpu Development Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610091, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Power China Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Sichaun Environment and Engineering Appraisal Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zaixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Abstract
Adaptive water management is a promising management paradigm for rivers that addresses the uncertainty of decision consequences. However, its implementation into current practice is still a challenge. An optimization assessment can be framed within the adaptive management cycle allowing the definition of environmental flows (e-flows) in a suitable format for decision making. In this study, we demonstrate its suitability to mediate the incorporation of e-flows into diversion management planning, fostering the realization of an adaptive management approach. We used the case study of the Pas River, Northern Spain, as the setting for the optimization of surface water diversion. We considered e-flow requirements for three key river biological groups to reflect conditions that promote ecological conservation. By drawing from hydrological scenarios (i.e., dry, normal, and wet), our assessment showed that the overall target water demand can be met, whereas the daily volume of water available for diversion was not constant throughout the year. These results suggest that current the decision making needs to consider the seasonal time frame as the reference temporal scale for objectives adjustment and monitoring. The approach can be transferred to other study areas and can inform decision makers that aim to engage with all the stages of the adaptive water management cycle.
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34
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Fraley KM, Warburton HJ, Jellyman PG, Kelly D, McIntosh AR. The influence of pastoral and native forest land cover, flooding disturbance, and stream size on the trophic ecology of New Zealand streams. AUSTRAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Fraley
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Helen J. Warburton
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Phillip G. Jellyman
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Dave Kelly
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Angus R. McIntosh
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140New Zealand
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35
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Mahardja B, Tobias V, Khanna S, Mitchell L, Lehman P, Sommer T, Brown L, Culberson S, Conrad JL. Resistance and resilience of pelagic and littoral fishes to drought in the San Francisco Estuary. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02243. [PMID: 33098718 PMCID: PMC7988542 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many estuarine ecosystems and the fish communities that inhabit them have undergone substantial changes in the past several decades, largely due to multiple interacting stressors that are often of anthropogenic origin. Few are more impactful than droughts, which are predicted to increase in both frequency and severity with climate change. In this study, we examined over five decades of fish monitoring data from the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA, to evaluate the resistance and resilience of fish communities to disturbance from prolonged drought events. High resistance was defined by the lack of decline in species occurrence from a wet to a subsequent drought period, while high resilience was defined by the increase in species occurrence from a drought to a subsequent wet period. We found some unifying themes connecting the multiple drought events over the 50-yr period. Pelagic fishes consistently declined during droughts (low resistance), but exhibit a considerable amount of resiliency and often rebound in the subsequent wet years. However, full recovery does not occur in all wet years following droughts, leading to permanently lower baseline numbers for some pelagic fishes over time. In contrast, littoral fishes seem to be more resistant to drought and may even increase in occurrence during dry years. Based on the consistent detrimental effects of drought on pelagic fishes within the San Francisco Estuary and the inability of these fish populations to recover in some years, we conclude that freshwater flow remains a crucial but not sufficient management tool for the conservation of estuarine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Mahardja
- United States Bureau of Reclamation801 I Street, Suite 140SacramentoCalifornia95814USA
| | - Vanessa Tobias
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service850 South Guild AvenueLodiCalifornia95240USA
| | - Shruti Khanna
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife2109 Arch‐Airport RoadStocktonCalifornia95206USA
| | - Lara Mitchell
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service850 South Guild AvenueLodiCalifornia95240USA
| | - Peggy Lehman
- California Department of Water Resources3500 Industrial BoulevardWest SacramentoCalifornia95691USA
| | - Ted Sommer
- California Department of Water Resources3500 Industrial BoulevardWest SacramentoCalifornia95691USA
| | - Larry Brown
- United States Geological Survey6000 J StreetSacramentoCalifornia95819USA
| | - Steve Culberson
- Delta Stewardship Council980 9th StreetSacramentoCalifornia95814USA
| | - J. Louise Conrad
- Delta Stewardship Council980 9th StreetSacramentoCalifornia95814USA
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Wineland SM, Fovargue R, York B, Lynch AJ, Paukert CP, Neeson TM. Is there enough water? How bearish and bullish outlooks are linked to decision maker perspectives on environmental flows. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 280:111694. [PMID: 33248815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Policies that mandate environmental flows (e-flows) can be powerful tools for freshwater conservation, but implementation of these policies faces many hurdles. To better understand these challenges, we explored two key questions: (1) What additional data are needed to implement e-flows? and (2) What are the major socio-political barriers to implementing e-flows? We surveyed water and natural resource decision makers in the semi-arid Red River basin, Texas-Oklahoma, USA, and used social network analysis to analyze their communication patterns. Most respondents agreed that e-flows can provide important benefits and identified the same data needs. However, respondents sharply in their beliefs on other issues, and a clustering analysis revealed two distinct groups of decision makers. One cluster of decision makers tended to be bearish, or pessimistic, and believed that: current flow conditions are not adequate, there are many serious socio-political barriers to implementation, water conflicts will likely increase in the future, and climate change is likely to exacerbate these issues. The other cluster of respondents was bullish, or optimistic: they foresaw fewer future water conflicts and fewer socio-political barriers to implementation. Despite these differences, both clusters largely identified the same data needs and barriers to e-flows implementation. Our social network analysis revealed that the frequency of communication between clusters was not significantly different than the frequency of communication within clusters. Overall, our results suggest that the different perspectives of decision-makers could complicate efforts to implement e-flows and proactively plan for climate change. However, there are opportunities for collaboration on addressing common data needs and barriers to implementation. Overall, our study provides a key socio-environmental perspective on e-flows implementation from a semi-arid and socio-politically complex river basin and contextualizes the many challenges facing e-flows implementation in river basins globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Wineland
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| | - Rachel Fovargue
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Betsey York
- Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, USA
| | - Abigail J Lynch
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Adaptation Science Center, USA
| | - Craig P Paukert
- U.S. Geological Survey, Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, The School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas M Neeson
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Abstract
Dams enable the production of food and renewable energy, making them a crucial tool for both economic development and climate change adaptation in low- and middle-income countries. However, dams may also disrupt traditional livelihood systems and increase the transmission of vector- and water-borne pathogens. These livelihood and health impacts diminish the benefits of dams to rural populations dependent on rivers, as hydrological and ecological alterations change flood regimes, reduce nutrient transport and lead to the loss of biodiversity. We propose four agricultural innovations for promoting equity, health, sustainable development, and climate resilience in dammed watersheds: (1) restoring migratory aquatic species, (2) removing submerged vegetation and transforming it into an agricultural resource, (3) restoring environmental flows and (4) integrating agriculture and aquaculture. As investment in dams accelerates in low- and middle-income countries, appropriately addressing their livelihood and health impacts can improve the sustainability of modern agriculture and economic development in a changing climate.
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38
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White JC, Fornaroli R, Hill MJ, Hannah DM, House A, Colley I, Perkins M, Wood PJ. Long-term river invertebrate community responses to groundwater and surface water management operations. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116651. [PMID: 33248332 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
River flow regimes have been transformed by groundwater and surface water management operations globally, prompting widespread ecological responses. Yet, empirical evidence quantifying the simultaneous effects of groundwater and surface water management operations on freshwater ecosystems remains limited. This study combines a multi-decadal freshwater invertebrate dataset (1995-2016) with groundwater model outputs simulating the effects of different anthropogenic flow alterations (e.g. groundwater abstraction, effluent water returns) and river discharges. A suite of flow alteration- and flow-ecology relationships were modelled that tested different invertebrate community responses (taxonomic, functional, flow response guilds, individual taxa). Most flow alteration-ecology relationships were not statistically significant, highlighting the absence of consistent, detectable ecological responses to long-term water management operations. A small number of significant statistical models provided insights into how flow alterations transformed specific ecological assets; including Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera taxa which are rheophilic in nature being positively associated with groundwater abstraction effects reducing river discharges by 0-15%. This represents a key finding from a water resource management operation perspective given that such flow alteration conditions were observed on average in over two-thirds of the study sites examined. In a small number of instances, specific invertebrate responses displayed relative declines associated with the most severe groundwater abstraction effects and artificial hydrological inputs (predominantly effluent water returns). The strongest flow-ecology relationships were recorded during spring months, when invertebrate communities were most responsive to antecedent minimum and maximum discharges, and average flow conditions in the preceding summer months. Results from this study provide new evidence indicating how groundwater and surface water resources can be managed to conserve riverine ecological assets. Moreover, the ensemble of flow alteration- and flow-ecology relationships established in this study could be used to guide environmental flow strategies. Such findings are of global importance given that future climatic change and rising societal water demands are likely to further transform river flow regimes and threaten freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C White
- River Restoration Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK; Centre for Hydrological and Ecosystem Science, Geography and Environment, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
| | - R Fornaroli
- DISAT, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - M J Hill
- School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - D M Hannah
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - A House
- Wessex Water, Claverton, Bath, BA2 7WW, United Kingdom.
| | - I Colley
- Wessex Water, Claverton, Bath, BA2 7WW, United Kingdom.
| | - M Perkins
- Environment Agency, Rivers House, Sunrise Business Park, Blandford, Dorset DT11 8ST, United Kingdom.
| | - P J Wood
- Centre for Hydrological and Ecosystem Science, Geography and Environment, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
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Chiu MC, Ao S, He F, Resh VH, Cai Q. Elevation shapes biodiversity patterns through metacommunity-structuring processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140548. [PMID: 32758813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stochastic (e.g., via species dispersal and ecological drift) and deterministic (e.g., via environmental and biotic filtering) processes can produce diversity patterns related to changes in elevation. However, existing studies have not generally examined these processes within a compressive framework. Stream macroinvertebrates are an important and diverse component of freshwater environments in high-mountain systems. By considering metacommunity-structuring processes using Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC), we investigated changes in taxon richness of stream macroinvertebrates along elevational gradients in streams of the Cangshan mountain range in Southwest China. We found that increasing taxon richness along the elevation gradient until the optimum was reached could be modeled using the integrated actions of full structuring processes within the metacommunity modeling. Consistent increases in taxon-richness along the elevation gradient were able to be modeled considering environmental filtering alone. In addition, the importance of structuring processes on shaping communities decreased along spatial hierarchical-scales (from local habitat to mountain-aspect levels). These results suggest that stochastic and biotic-filtering processes can confound environmental filtering in shaping macroinvertebrate communities in high-mountain streams. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying elevational biodiversity patterns of riverine communities can be improved through quantitative frameworks (e.g., HMSC) linking metacommunity theory to the real-world systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chih Chiu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sicheng Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vincent H Resh
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Qinghua Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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40
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Boddy NC, Booker DJ, McIntosh AR. Heterogeneity in flow disturbance around river confluences influences spatial patterns in native and non-native species co-occurrence. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Sánchez-Pérez A, Oliva-Paterna FJ, Colin N, Torralva M, Górski K. Functional response of fish assemblage to multiple stressors in a highly regulated Mediterranean river system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138989. [PMID: 32388375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean rivers are characterised by strong environmental constrains and species-poor, highly endemic fish fauna. In Europe, these systems are exposed to multiple stressors due to extensive human activities. Studies on the effects of some stressors on riverine fish are available but complex responses of fish assemblages to interplay of flow alteration with physical habitat changes and invasive species have not been evaluated up to date. This study analysed the response of functional diversity of fish assemblages to multiple stressors in the Segura River system in the southern Spain. Fish assemblages were sampled in 16 sites in two consecutive periods (2009-2010 and 2013-2015). Subsequently, we assessed the responses of functional specialisation, originality and entropy (based on nine functional traits and abundances) as well as species richness and abundance to interplay of flow regime alteration and ecological status, fragmentation as well as non-native species abundance across spatial and temporal scales. The governing role of flow regime in structuring fish assemblage was superimposed on physical habitat changes, water quality deterioration and fragmentation as well as the presence of non-native fish species. We found an increase of species richness and abundance but decrease of functional specialisation and originality in river reaches with high level of base flow and more stable hydrological conditions. Opposite pattern was observed in reaches with severe reduction of base flow and marked inversion in the seasonal pattern of high and low flows. We postulate that the use of tools that consider the functional identity of the species as method to assess the effects of environmental alterations on fish biodiversity could improve conservation measures for Mediterranean fish fauna. Furthermore, design flows that mimic natural flow regime patterns characteristic for Mediterranean rivers are a promising tool to provide environmental conditions that would favour native fish within the assemblage and benefit their conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Francisco José Oliva-Paterna
- Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Nicole Colin
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mar Torralva
- Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Konrad Górski
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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42
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Fornaroli R, Muñoz-Mas R, Martínez-Capel F. Fish community responses to antecedent hydrological conditions based on long-term data in Mediterranean river basins (Iberian Peninsula). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138052. [PMID: 32361104 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades many studies have proven the paramount impact of flow regimes on the structure of lotic ecosystems, both through extreme events (i.e. floods and droughts) but also during intermediate flows, which temporarily and spatially regulate the habitat availability. Human demand for water is steadily increasing and scientists are challenged to define ecosystem needs clearly enough to guide policies and management strategies. However, field studies demonstrated that a variety of interacting factors, such as, presence of barriers (e.g. dams) and temporal changes in habitat structure affect the abundance, composition and distribution of fish assemblages. This work based on quantile regression tested hypotheses to elucidate the effect of antecedent hydrological conditions on fish communities. A large monitoring database collecting and homogenizing the existing information on fish fauna in the Júcar River Basin District (Eastern Iberian Peninsula) was gathered and used to evaluate biological metrics (species richness, Capture Per Unit Effort-CPUE, and CPUE ratio over the total CPUE) related to life history strategies (i.e. periodic, opportunistic or equilibrium) and species origin (i.e. native, translocated or alien). The resulting dataset was complemented with diverse indicators of the measured daily discharge at the nearest gauging site. Most of the significant relationships confirmed the role of antecedent hydrological conditions as limiting factors, although other environmental factors likely play additional roles. In general, richness and abundance of alien species showed the higher proportion of significant associations, particularly spring flows and annual minima and maxima. These flow-ecology relationships shall be particularly useful to manage ecological responses to hydrological alteration. They also provide with clear ecological foundations for developing environmental flows assessments in Mediterranean river basins worldwide, using holistic approaches which can harmonise eco-hydrological approaches with smaller-scale and habitat-based ecohydraulics methods, especially under the current climate trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fornaroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - R Muñoz-Mas
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Paranimf 1, 46730 Grau de Gandia, València, Spain
| | - F Martínez-Capel
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Paranimf 1, 46730 Grau de Gandia, València, Spain
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43
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Jackson BK, Stock SL, Harris LS, Szewczak JM, Schofield LN, Desrosiers MA. River food chains lead to riparian bats and birds in two mid‐order rivers. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Breeanne K. Jackson
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Sarah L. Stock
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Leila S. Harris
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California Davis California 95616 USA
| | - Joseph M. Szewczak
- Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Arcata California 95521 USA
| | - Lynn N. Schofield
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
| | - Michelle A. Desrosiers
- Resources Management and Science Division Yosemite National Park El Portal California 95318 USA
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44
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Ahmad SK, Hossain F. Realizing ecosystem-safe hydropower from dams. RENEWABLES: WIND, WATER, AND SOLAR 2020; 7:2. [PMID: 32647609 PMCID: PMC7325499 DOI: 10.1186/s40807-020-00060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For clean hydropower generation while sustaining ecosystems, minimizing harmful impacts and balancing multiple water needs is an integral component. One particularly harmful effect not managed explicitly by hydropower operations is thermal destabilization of downstream waters. To demonstrate that the thermal destabilization by hydropower dams can be managed while maximizing energy production, we modelled thermal change in downstream waters as a function of decision variables for hydropower operation (reservoir level, powered/spillway release, storage), forecast reservoir inflow and air temperature for a dam site with in situ thermal measurements. For data-limited regions, remote sensing-based temperature estimation algorithm was established using thermal infrared band of Landsat ETM+ over multiple dams. The model for water temperature change was used to impose additional constraints of tolerable downstream cooling or warming (1-6 °C of change) on multi-objective optimization to maximize hydropower. A reservoir release policy adaptive to thermally optimum levels for aquatic species was derived. The novel concept was implemented for Detroit dam in Oregon (USA). Resulting benefits to hydropower generation strongly correlated with allowable flexibility in temperature constraints. Wet years were able to satisfy stringent temperature constraints and produce substantial hydropower benefits, while dry years, in contrast, were challenging to adhere to the upstream thermal regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahryar Khalique Ahmad
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Washington, More Hall 201, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Faisal Hossain
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Washington, More Hall 201, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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45
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Mathers KL, White JC, Fornaroli R, Chadd R. Flow regimes control the establishment of invasive crayfish and alter their effects on lotic macroinvertebrate communities. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate L. Mathers
- Department of Surface Waters Research and Management Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Kastanienbaum Switzerland
| | - James C. White
- Department of Biosciences College of Science Swansea University Swansea UK
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46
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Yang N, Li Y, Zhang W, Lin L, Qian B, Wang L, Niu L, Zhang H. Cascade dam impoundments restrain the trophic transfer efficiencies in benthic microbial food web. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115351. [PMID: 31810033 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Determination of the effects of cascade dams on benthic microbial ecosystem is essential for dam regulation and ecological function protection. However, no comprehensive investigation has yet shown the ecosystem-level responses of microbiota to dam impoundments. This study conducted DNA metabarcoding and microbial food web analysis for multiple species and their interrelationships along a cascade dam-affected river. The composition, distribution and diversity of bacteria, protozoans and metazoans were obviously different between river and reservoirs, mainly controlled by hydrological (P < 0.01) and nutrient parameters (P < 0.05). Those three groups make up a co-occurrence network, with most edges direct from higher to lower trophic levels or vice versa and more than 50% keystones participate in the food web, indicating the significant role of predator-prey relationships. Based on the microbial food web analysis, the predator biomass, especially at higher trophic levels, decreased by about 10% from the riverine to the lacustrine system. The structural equation model illustrates that both bottom-up forces (environmental factors particularly velocity and nutrient concentrations) and top-down forces (higher trophic levels) critically control microbial food web patterns (P < 0.05). As a result of dam impoundments, the lower velocity in the reservoirs has direct negative effects on trophic transfer efficiencies that may be further magnified by nutrient accumulation, probably leading to an increase of eutrophication and posing a risk to water quality. The results suggest the potential ecological risk in the reservoirs and highlight the need to consider from the perspective of ecosystem during the operation of cascade dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Basin Water Environment, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resources and Ecological Environment Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Bao Qian
- Hydrology Bureau of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, 430010, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Huanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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47
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Chen Q, Shi W, Huisman J, Maberly SC, Zhang J, Yu J, Chen Y, Tonina D, Yi Q. Hydropower reservoirs on the upper Mekong River modify nutrient bioavailability downstream. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:1449-1457. [PMID: 34691540 PMCID: PMC8288771 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydropower development is the key strategy in many developing countries for energy supply, climate-change mitigation and economic development. However, it is commonly assumed that river dams retain nutrients and therefore reduce downstream primary productivity and fishery catches, compromising food security and causing trans-boundary disputes. Contrary to expectation, here we found that a cascade of reservoirs along the upper Mekong River increased downstream bioavailability of nitrogen and phosphorus. The dams caused phytoplankton density to increase with hydraulic residence time and stratification of the stagnant reservoirs caused hypoxia at depth. This allowed the release of bioavailable phosphorus from the sediment and an increase in dissolved inorganic nitrogen as well as a shift in nitrogen species from nitrate to ammonium, which were transported downstream by the discharge of water from the base of the dam. Our findings provide a new perspective on the environmental impacts of river dams on nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning, with potential implications for sustainable development of hydropower worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources & Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources & Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jef Huisman
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1090 GE, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- Lake Ecosystems Group, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Eco-Environment Conservation, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Juhua Yu
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Daniele Tonina
- Center for Ecohydraulics Research, University of Idaho, Boise, ID 83702, USA
| | - Qitao Yi
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
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48
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Bestgen KR, Poff NL, Baker DW, Bledsoe BP, Merritt DM, Lorie M, Auble GT, Sanderson JS, Kondratieff BC. Designing flows to enhance ecosystem functioning in heavily altered rivers. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02005. [PMID: 31532056 PMCID: PMC9285520 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
More than a century of dam construction and water development in the western United States has led to extensive ecological alteration of rivers. Growing interest in improving river function is compelling practitioners to consider ecological restoration when managing dams and water extraction. We developed an Ecological Response Model (ERM) for the Cache la Poudre River, northern Colorado, USA, to illuminate effects of current and possible future water management and climate change. We used empirical data and modeled interactions among multiple ecosystem components to capture system-wide insights not possible with the unintegrated models commonly used in environmental assessments. The ERM results showed additional flow regime modification would further alter the structure and function of Poudre River aquatic and riparian ecosystems due to multiple and interacting stressors. Model predictions illustrated that specific peak flow magnitudes in spring and early summer are critical for substrate mobilization, dynamic channel morphology, and overbank flows, with strong subsequent effects on instream and riparian biota that varied seasonally and spatially, allowing exploration of nuanced management scenarios. Instream biological indicators benefitted from higher and more stable base flows and high peak flows, but stable base flows with low peak flows were only half as effective to increase indicators. Improving base flows while reducing peak flows, as currently proposed for the Cache la Poudre River, would further reduce ecosystem function. Modeling showed that even presently depleted annual flow volumes can achieve substantially different ecological outcomes in designed flow scenarios, while still supporting social demands. Model predictions demonstrated that implementing designed flows in a natural pattern, with attention to base and peak flows, may be needed to preserve or improve ecosystem function of the Poudre River. Improved regulatory policies would include preservation of ecosystem-level, flow-related processes and adaptive management when water development projects are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Bestgen
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology and the Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State University1474 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsColorado80523USA
| | - N. LeRoy Poff
- Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523USA
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraBruceAustralian Capital Territory2617Australia
| | - Daniel W. Baker
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523USA
| | - Brian P. Bledsoe
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado80523USA
- Present address:
University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia30602USA
| | - David M. Merritt
- USDA Forest Service, National Stream and Aquatic Ecology Center2150 Center AveFort CollinsColorado80526USA
| | - Mark Lorie
- Corona Environmental Consulting357 McCaslin BlvdLouisvilleColorado80027USA
| | - Gregor T. Auble
- U.S. Geological SurveyFort Collins Science Center2150 Center Ave.Fort CollinsColorado80526USA
| | | | - Boris C. Kondratieff
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State University1177 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsColorado80523USA
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Zarri LJ, Danner EM, Daniels ME, Palkovacs EP. Managing hydropower dam releases for water users and imperiled fishes with contrasting thermal habitat requirements. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam J. Zarri
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz California
| | - Eric M. Danner
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service Santa Cruz California
| | - Miles E. Daniels
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service Santa Cruz California
- Institute of Marine Science University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Eric P. Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz California
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Palmer M, Ruhi A. Linkages between flow regime, biota, and ecosystem processes: Implications for river restoration. Science 2019; 365:365/6459/eaaw2087. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
River ecosystems are highly biodiverse, influence global biogeochemical cycles, and provide valued services. However, humans are increasingly degrading fluvial ecosystems by altering their streamflows. Effective river restoration requires advancing our mechanistic understanding of how flow regimes affect biota and ecosystem processes. Here, we review emerging advances in hydroecology relevant to this goal. Spatiotemporal variation in flow exerts direct and indirect control on the composition, structure, and dynamics of communities at local to regional scales. Streamflows also influence ecosystem processes, such as nutrient uptake and transformation, organic matter processing, and ecosystem metabolism. We are deepening our understanding of how biological processes, not just static patterns, affect and are affected by stream ecosystem processes. However, research on this nexus of flow-biota-ecosystem processes is at an early stage. We illustrate this frontier with evidence from highly altered regulated rivers and urban streams. We also identify research challenges that should be prioritized to advance process-based river restoration.
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