1
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Tiryaki E, Álvarez-Leirós C, Majcherkiewicz JN, Chariou PL, Maceira-Campos M, Bodelón G, Steinmetz NF, Salgueiriño V. Magnetically Induced Thermal Effects on Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Based Nanocomposites for a Programmed Disassembly of Protein Cages. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4804-4814. [PMID: 38934736 PMCID: PMC11253087 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Protein cages are promising tools for the controlled delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents when endowed with programmable disassembly strategies. Here, we produced hybrid nanocomposites made of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), designed to disrupt the viral protein cages using magnetically induced release of heat. We studied the effects of this magnetic hyperthermia on the programmable viral protein capsid disassembly using (1) elongated nanocomposites of TMV coated heterogeneously with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (TMV@IONPs) and (2) spherical nanocomposites of polystyrene (PS) on which we deposited presynthesized IONPs and TMV via layer-by-layer self-assembly (PS@IONPs/TMV). Notably, we found that the extent of the disassembly of the protein cages is contingent upon the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the magnetic nanoparticles, that is, the heating efficiency, and the relative position of the protein cage within the nanocomposite concerning the heating sources. This implies that the spatial arrangement of components within the hybrid nanostructure has a significant impact on the disassembly process. Understanding and optimizing this relationship will contribute to the critical spatiotemporal control for targeted drug and gene delivery using protein cages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul L. Chariou
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Gustavo Bodelón
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
- Departamento
de Biología Funcional y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of NanoEngineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Radiology, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
- Center for
Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
- Institute
for Materials Discovery and Design, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Verónica Salgueiriño
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Universidade
de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
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2
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Xia X, Li H, Zang J, Cheng S, Du M. Advancements of the Molecular Directed Design and Structure-Activity Relationship of Ferritin Nanocage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7629-7654. [PMID: 38518374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Ferritin nanocages possess remarkable structural properties and biological functions, making them highly attractive for applications in functional materials and biomedicine. This comprehensive review presents an overview of the molecular characteristics, extraction and identification of ferritin, ferritin receptors, as well as the advancements in the directional design of high-order assemblies of ferritin and the applications based on its unique structural properties. Specifically, this Review focuses on the regulation of ferritin assembly from one to three dimensions, leveraging the symmetry of ferritin and modifications on key interfaces. Furthermore, it discusses targeted delivery of nutrition and drugs through facile loading and functional modification of ferritin. The aim of this Review is to inspire the design of micro/nano functional materials using ferritin and the development of nanodelivery vehicles for nutritional fortification and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xia
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Han Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuzhen Cheng
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ming Du
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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3
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Lee EJ, Gladkov N, Miller JE, Yeates TO. Design of Ligand-Operable Protein-Cages That Open Upon Specific Protein Binding. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:157-167. [PMID: 38133598 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Protein nanocages have diverse applications in medicine and biotechnology, including molecular delivery. However, although numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of protein nanocages to encapsulate various molecular species, limited methods are available for subsequently opening a nanocage for cargo release under specific conditions. A modular platform with a specific protein-target-based mechanism of nanocage opening is notably lacking. To address this important technology gap, we present a new class of designed protein cages, the Ligand-Operable Cage (LOC). LOCs primarily comprise a protein nanocage core and a fused surface binding adaptor. The geometry of the LOC is designed so that binding of a target protein ligand (or multiple copies thereof) to the surface binder is sterically incompatible with retention of the assembled state of the cage. Therefore, the tight binding of a target ligand drives cage disassembly by mass action, subsequently exposing the encapsulated cargo. LOCs are modular; direct substitution of the surface binder sequence can reprogram the nanocage to open in response to any target protein ligand of interest. We demonstrate these design principles using both a natural and a designed protein cage as the core, with different proteins acting as the triggering ligand and with different reporter readouts─fluorescence unquenching and luminescence─for cage disassembly. These developments advance the critical problem of targeted molecular delivery and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nika Gladkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Justin E Miller
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Todd O Yeates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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4
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Chen X, Zhang T, Liu H, Zang J, Lv C, Du M, Zhao G. Shape-Anisotropic Assembly of Protein Nanocages with Identical Building Blocks by Designed Intermolecular π-π Interactions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305398. [PMID: 37870198 PMCID: PMC10724428 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein lattices that shift the structure and shape anisotropy in response to environmental cues are closely coupled to potential functionality. However, to design and construct shape-anisotropic protein arrays from the same building blocks in response to different external stimuli remains challenging. Here, by a combination of the multiple, symmetric interaction sites on the outer surface of protein nanocages and the tunable features of phenylalanine-phenylalanine interactions, a protein engineering approach is reported to construct a variety of superstructures with shape anisotropy, including 3D cubic, 2D hexagonal layered, and 1D rod-like crystalline protein nanocage arrays by using one single protein building block. Notably, the assembly of these crystalline protein arrays is reversible, which can be tuned by external stimuli (pH and ionic strength). The anisotropic morphologies of the fabricated macroscopic crystals can be correlated with the Å-to-nm scale protein arrangement details by crystallographic elucidation. These results enhance the understanding of the freedom offered by an object's symmetry and inter-object π-π stacking interactions for protein building blocks to assemble into direction- and shape-anisotropic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Chen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Hanxiong Liu
- School of Food Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center of SeafoodDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center of SeafoodDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
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5
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Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) ferritin should be a promising Fe2+ nanocarrier. Food Chem 2023; 404:134586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Reutovich AA, Srivastava AK, Arosio P, Bou-Abdallah F. Ferritin nanocages as efficient nanocarriers and promising platforms for COVID-19 and other vaccines development. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130288. [PMID: 36470367 PMCID: PMC9721431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses with high antigenic drift is of crucial importance to public health. Ferritin is a well characterized and ubiquitous iron storage protein that has emerged not only as a useful nanoreactor and nanocarrier, but more recently as an efficient platform for vaccine development. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review discusses ferritin structure-function properties, self-assembly, and novel bioengineering strategies such as interior cavity and exterior surface modifications for cargo encapsulation and delivery. It also discusses the use of ferritin as a scaffold for biomedical applications, especially for vaccine development against influenza, Epstein-Barr, HIV, hepatitis-C, Lyme disease, and respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. The use of ferritin for the synthesis of mosaic vaccines to deliver a cocktail of antigens that elicit broad immune protection against different viral variants is also explored. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The remarkable stability, biocompatibility, surface functionalization, and self-assembly properties of ferritin nanoparticles make them very attractive platforms for a wide range of biomedical applications, including the development of vaccines. Strong immune responses have been observed in pre-clinical studies against a wide range of pathogens and have led to the exploration of ferritin nanoparticles-based vaccines in multiple phase I clinical trials. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The broad protective antibody response of ferritin nanoparticles-based vaccines demonstrates the usefulness of ferritin as a highly promising and effective approaches for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayush K Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Fadi Bou-Abdallah
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA.
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7
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Liu Y, Zhao G. Reassembly Design of Ferritin Cages. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2671:69-78. [PMID: 37308638 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3222-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ferritin family is distributed in nearly all organisms and protects them from iron-induced oxidative damage. Besides, its highly symmetrical structure and biochemical features make it an appealing material for biotechnological applications, such as building blocks for multidimensional assembly, templates for nano-reactors, and scaffolds for encapsulation and delivery of nutrients and drugs. Moreover, it is of great significance to construct ferritin variants with different properties, size, and shape to further broaden its application. In this chapter, we present a routine process of the ferritin redesign and the characterization method of the protein structure to provide a feasible scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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8
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Ferritin nanocage based delivery vehicles: From single-, co- to compartmentalized- encapsulation of bioactive or nutraceutical compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108037. [PMID: 36152892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive or nutraceutical ingredients have been widely used in pursuit of health and well-being. However, the environmental instability, poor solubility and bioavailability, and unspecific delivery highly limited their practical values. By virtue of the unique shell-like structure, definite disassembly/reassembly behavior, and excellent safety profile of ferritin protein, it stands out among of various nano-materials and is emerging as one of the most promising vehicles for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive ingredients or drugs. In this review, we present a systematic overview of recent advances of ferritin-based delivery systems from single-encapsulation, co-encapsulation, to compartmentalized-encapsulation of bioactive ingredients or drugs. Different encapsulation strategies for cargo loading as well as their advantages and drawbacks have been critically reviewed. This study emphasized the importance of the construction of compartmentalized delivery systems through the usage of ferritin nanocages, which exhibit great potential for facilitating the synergistic functionality of different types of cargos. Lastly, the applications of ferritin nanocages for physicochemical improvements and functionality achievements of loaded cargos are summarized. In conclusion, ferritin protein nanocages not only are excellent nanocarriers, but also can act as"multi-seated" vehicles for co-encapsulation and compartmentalized encapsulation of different cargos simultaneously.
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9
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Miller JE, Srinivasan Y, Dharmaraj NP, Liu A, Nguyen PL, Taylor SD, Yeates TO. Designing Protease-Triggered Protein Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12681-12689. [PMID: 35802879 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteins that self-assemble into enclosed polyhedral cages, both naturally and by design, are garnering attention for their prospective utility in the fields of medicine and biotechnology. Notably, their potential for encapsulation and surface display are attractive for experiments that require protection and targeted delivery of cargo. The ability to control their opening or disassembly would greatly advance the development of protein nanocages into widespread molecular tools. Toward the development of protein cages that disassemble in a systematic manner and in response to biologically relevant stimuli, here we demonstrate a modular protein cage system that is opened by highly sequence-specific proteases, based on sequence insertions at strategically chosen loop positions in the protein cage subunits. We probed the generality of the approach in the context of protein cages built using the two prevailing methods of construction: genetic fusion between oligomeric components and (non-covalent) computational interface design between oligomeric components. Our results suggest that the former type of cage may be more amenable than the latter for endowing proteolytically controlled disassembly. We show that a successfully designed cage system, based on oligomeric fusion, is modular with regard to its triggering protease. One version of the cage is targeted by an asparagine protease implicated in cancer and Alzheimer's disease, whereas the second version is responsive to the blood-clotting protease, thrombin. The approach demonstrated here should guide future efforts to develop therapeutic vectors to treat disease states where protease induction or mis-regulation occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E Miller
- UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570, United States.,UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570, United States
| | - Yashes Srinivasan
- UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nithin P Dharmaraj
- UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Andrew Liu
- UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Phillip L Nguyen
- UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Scott D Taylor
- UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Todd O Yeates
- UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570, United States.,UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570, United States.,UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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10
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Chen H, Ma L, Dai H, Fu Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. Advances in Rational Protein Engineering toward Functional Architectures and Their Applications in Food Science. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4522-4533. [PMID: 35353517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein biomolecules including enzymes, cagelike proteins, and specific peptides have been continuously exploited as functional biomaterials applied in catalysis, nutrient delivery, and food preservation in food-related areas. However, natural proteins usually function well in physiological conditions, not industrial conditions, or may possess undesirable physical and chemical properties. Currently, rational protein design as a valuable technology has attracted extensive attention for the rational engineering or fabrication of ideal protein biomaterials with novel properties and functionality. This article starts with the underlying knowledge of protein folding and assembly and is followed by the introduction of the principles and strategies for rational protein design. Basic strategies for rational protein engineering involving experienced protein tailoring, computational prediction, computation redesign, and de novo protein design are summarized. Then, we focus on the recent progress of rational protein engineering or design in the application of food science, and a comprehensive summary ranging from enzyme manufacturing to cagelike protein nanocarriers engineering and antimicrobial peptides preparation is given. Overall, this review highlights the importance of rational protein engineering in food biomaterial preparation which could be beneficial for food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongjie Dai
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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11
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Liu Y, Zang J, Leng X, Zhao G. A short helix regulates conversion of dimeric and 24-meric ferritin architectures. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:535-542. [PMID: 35120932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The inter-subunit interaction at the protein interfaces plays a key role in protein self-assembly, through which enabling protein self-assembly controllable is of great importance for preparing the novel nanoscale protein materials with unexplored properties. Different from normal 24-meric ferritin, archaeal ferritin, Thermotoga maritima ferritin (TmFtn) naturally occurs as a dimer, which can assemble into a 24-mer nanocage induced by salts. However, the regulation mechanism of protein self-assembly underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, a combination of the computational energy simulation and key interface reconstruction revealed that a short helix involved interactions at the C4 interface are mainly responsible for the existence of such dimer. Agreeing with this idea, deletion of such short helix of each subunit triggers it to be a stable dimer, which losses the ability to reassemble into 24-meric ferritin in the presence of salts in solution. Further support for this idea comes from the observation that grafting a small helix from human H ferritin onto archaeal subunit resulted in a stable 24-mer protein nanocage even in the absence of salts. Thus, these findings demonstrate that adjusting the interactions at the protein interfaces appears to be a facile, effective approach to control subunit assembly into different protein architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojing Leng
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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12
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Kuruppu AI, Turyanska L, Bradshaw TD, Manickam S, Galhena BP, Paranagama P, De Silva R. Apoferritin and Dps as drug delivery vehicles: Some selected examples in oncology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130067. [PMID: 34896255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal nanoparticle should be able to encapsulate either pharmaceutical agents or imaging probes so that it could treat or image clinical tumours by targeting the cancer site efficiently. Further, it would be an added advantage if it demonstrates: small size, built in targeting, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Ferritin, which is an endogenous self-assembling protein, stores iron and plays a role in iron homeostasis. When iron atoms are removed apoferritin (AFt) is formed which consists of a hollow shell where it can be used to load guest molecules. Due to its unique architecture, AFt has been investigated as a versatile carrier for tumour theranostic applications. DNA-binding protein from starved cells (Dps), which also belongs to the ferritin family, is a protein found only in prokaryotes. It is used to store iron and protect chromosomes from oxidative damage; because of its architecture, Dps could also be used as a delivery vehicle. CONCLUSIONS Both these nano particles are promising in the field of oncology, especially due to their stability, solubility and biocompatibility features. Further their exterior surface can be modified for better tumour-targeting ability. More studies, are warranted to determine the immunogenicity, biodistribution, and clearance from the body. GENERAL PERSPECTIVE This review discusses a few selected examples of the remarkable in vitro and in vivo studies that have been carried out in the recent past with the use of AFt and Dps in targeting and delivery of various pharmaceutical agents, natural products and imaging probes in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchala I Kuruppu
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research & Education, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka.
| | | | | | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Bandula Prasanna Galhena
- Department Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Priyani Paranagama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka; Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranil De Silva
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research & Education, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
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13
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Hu F, Deng C, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Zhang P, Zhao Z, Miao H, Zheng W, Zhang W, Wang M, Ma X. Multistage targeting and dual inhibiting strategies based on bioengineered tumor matrix microenvironment‐mediated protein nanocages for enhancing cancer biotherapy. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10290. [PMID: 35600646 PMCID: PMC9115700 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the apoptotic pathway plays a critical role in inducing tumor cell death and circumventing drug resistance. Survivin protein is the strongest inhibitor of apoptosis found so far. It is highly expressed in several cancers and is a promising target for cancer therapy. However, clinical applications are limited by incomplete inhibition of survivin expression. Here, we present a novel strategy that extended the release of YM155 (an effective survivin inhibitor that works by inhibiting the activity of survivin promoter) and TATm‐survivin (T34A) (TmSm) protein (survivin protein mutant with penetrating peptide, a potential anticancer protein therapeutic) via tumor matrix microenvironment‐mediated ferritin heavy chain nanocages (FTH1 NCs), enabling significant inhibition of survivin activity at both transcript and protein levels. FTS (FTH1‐matrix metalloproteinase‐2‐TmSm)/YM155 NC synthesis was easily scaled up, and these NCs could sequentially release TmSm protein through matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and promote YM155 to enter the nucleus via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) binding, which increased the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of Capan‐2 and A549 cells compared to that with individual drugs. Moreover, FTS/YM155 NCs enhanced drug accumulation at tumor sites and had a higher tumor inhibition rate (88.86%) than the compounds alone in A549 tumor‐bearing mice. In addition, FTS/YM155 NCs exerted significant survivin downregulation (4.43‐fold) and caspase‐3 upregulation (4.31‐fold) and showed better therapeutic outcomes without inducing organ injury, which highlights their promising future clinical application in precision therapy. This tumor microenvironment‐responsive platform could be harnessed to develop an effective therapy via multilevel inhibition of cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Changping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Zhangting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Hui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Wenyun Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Wenliang Zhang
- Center of Translational Biomedical Research University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro North Carolina USA
| | - Meiyan Wang
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology, Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical, Sciences and School of Life Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Xingyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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14
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Artificial protein assemblies with well-defined supramolecular protein nanostructures. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2821-2830. [PMID: 34812854 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nature uses a wide range of well-defined biomolecular assemblies in diverse cellular processes, where proteins are major building blocks for these supramolecular assemblies. Inspired by their natural counterparts, artificial protein-based assemblies have attracted strong interest as new bio-nanostructures, and strategies to construct ordered protein assemblies have been rapidly expanding. In this review, we provide an overview of very recent studies in the field of artificial protein assemblies, with the particular aim of introducing major assembly methods and unique features of these assemblies. Computational de novo designs were used to build various assemblies with artificial protein building blocks, which are unrelated to natural proteins. Small chemical ligands and metal ions have also been extensively used for strong and bio-orthogonal protein linking. Here, in addition to protein assemblies with well-defined sizes, protein oligomeric and array structures with rather undefined sizes (but with definite repeat protein assembly units) also will be discussed in the context of well-defined protein nanostructures. Lastly, we will introduce multiple examples showing how protein assemblies can be effectively used in various fields such as therapeutics and vaccine development. We believe that structures and functions of artificial protein assemblies will be continuously evolved, particularly according to specific application goals.
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15
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The development of natural and designed protein nanocages for encapsulation and delivery of active compounds. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Mainini F, Bonizzi A, Sevieri M, Sitia L, Truffi M, Corsi F, Mazzucchelli S. Protein-Based Nanoparticles for the Imaging and Treatment of Solid Tumors: The Case of Ferritin Nanocages, a Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122000. [PMID: 34959283 PMCID: PMC8708614 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein nanocages have been studied extensively, due to their unique architecture, exceptional biocompatibility and highly customization capabilities. In particular, ferritin nanocages (FNs) have been employed for the delivery of a vast array of molecules, ranging from chemotherapeutics to imaging agents, among others. One of the main favorable characteristics of FNs is their intrinsic targeting efficiency toward the Transferrin Receptor 1, which is overexpressed in many tumors. Furthermore, genetic manipulation can be employed to introduce novel variants that are able to improve the loading capacity, targeting capabilities and bio-availability of this versatile drug delivery system. In this review, we discuss the main characteristics of FN and the most recent applications of this promising nanotechnology in the field of oncology with a particular emphasis on the imaging and treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mainini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Arianna Bonizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Sevieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Leopoldo Sitia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.M.)
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17
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Zhu J, Avakyan N, Kakkis AA, Hoffnagle AM, Han K, Li Y, Zhang Z, Choi TS, Na Y, Yu CJ, Tezcan FA. Protein Assembly by Design. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13701-13796. [PMID: 34405992 PMCID: PMC9148388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are nature's primary building blocks for the construction of sophisticated molecular machines and dynamic materials, ranging from protein complexes such as photosystem II and nitrogenase that drive biogeochemical cycles to cytoskeletal assemblies and muscle fibers for motion. Such natural systems have inspired extensive efforts in the rational design of artificial protein assemblies in the last two decades. As molecular building blocks, proteins are highly complex, in terms of both their three-dimensional structures and chemical compositions. To enable control over the self-assembly of such complex molecules, scientists have devised many creative strategies by combining tools and principles of experimental and computational biophysics, supramolecular chemistry, inorganic chemistry, materials science, and polymer chemistry, among others. Owing to these innovative strategies, what started as a purely structure-building exercise two decades ago has, in short order, led to artificial protein assemblies with unprecedented structures and functions and protein-based materials with unusual properties. Our goal in this review is to give an overview of this exciting and highly interdisciplinary area of research, first outlining the design strategies and tools that have been devised for controlling protein self-assembly, then describing the diverse structures of artificial protein assemblies, and finally highlighting the emergent properties and functions of these assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albert A. Kakkis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Alexander M. Hoffnagle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Tae Su Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Youjeong Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Chung-Jui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
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18
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Zeng R, Lv C, Wang C, Zhao G. Bionanomaterials based on protein self-assembly: Design and applications in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 52:107835. [PMID: 34520791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Elegant protein assembly to generate new biomaterials undergoes extremely rapid development for wide extension of biotechnology applications, which can be a powerful tool not only for creating nanomaterials but also for advancing understanding of the structure of life. Unique biological properties of proteins bestow these artificial biomaterials diverse functions that can permit them to be applied in encapsulation, bioimaging, biocatalysis, biosensors, photosynthetic apparatus, electron transport, magnetogenetic applications, vaccine development and antibodies design. This review gives a perspective view of the latest advances in the construction of protein-based nanomaterials. We initially start with distinguishable, specific interactions to construct sundry nanomaterials through protein self-assembly and concisely expound the assembly mechanism from the design strategy. And then, the design and construction of 0D, 1D, 2D, 3D protein assembled nanomaterials are especially highlighted. Furthermore, the potential applications have been discussed in detail. Overall, this review will illustrate how to fabricate highly sophisticated nanomaterials oriented toward applications in biotechnology based on the rules of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Zeng
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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19
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Oerlemans RAJF, Timmermans SBPE, van Hest JCM. Artificial Organelles: Towards Adding or Restoring Intracellular Activity. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2051-2078. [PMID: 33450141 PMCID: PMC8252369 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Compartmentalization is one of the main characteristics that define living systems. Creating a physically separated microenvironment allows nature a better control over biological processes, as is clearly specified by the role of organelles in living cells. Inspired by this phenomenon, researchers have developed a range of different approaches to create artificial organelles: compartments with catalytic activity that add new function to living cells. In this review we will discuss three complementary lines of investigation. First, orthogonal chemistry approaches are discussed, which are based on the incorporation of catalytically active transition metal-containing nanoparticles in living cells. The second approach involves the use of premade hybrid nanoreactors, which show transient function when taken up by living cells. The third approach utilizes mostly genetic engineering methods to create bio-based structures that can be ultimately integrated with the cell's genome to make them constitutively active. The current state of the art and the scope and limitations of the field will be highlighted with selected examples from the three approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy A. J. F. Oerlemans
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Research GroupInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO3.41)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Suzanne B. P. E. Timmermans
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Research GroupInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO3.41)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Research GroupInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO3.41)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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20
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Construction of thermally robust and porous shrimp ferritin crystalline for molecular encapsulation through intermolecular arginine-arginine attractions. Food Chem 2021; 349:129089. [PMID: 33548881 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein colloid crystals are considered as high porous soft materials, presenting great potentials in nutrients and drug encapsulation, but protein crystal fabrication usually needs precipitant and high protein concentration. Herein, an easy implemented approach was reported for the construction of protein colloid crystals in diluted solution with shimp ferritin as building blocks by taking advantage of the strength of multiple intermolecular arginine-arginine interactions. The X-ray single-crystal structure reveals that a group of exquisite arginine-arginine interactions between two neighboring ferritin enable them self-assembly into long-range ordered protein soft materials. The arginine-arginine interactions mediate crystal generation favored at pH 9.5 with 200 mM NaCl, and the resulting colloid crystals exhibit high thermal stability (90 °C for 30 min). Importantly, the interglobular cavity in colloid crystals is three times larger in volume than that of intrinsic ferritin cavity in each unit cell, which can be used for molecular encapsulation.
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21
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Ardini M, Bellelli A, Williams DL, Di Leandro L, Giansanti F, Cimini A, Ippoliti R, Angelucci F. Taking Advantage of the Morpheein Behavior of Peroxiredoxin in Bionanotechnology. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:43-62. [PMID: 33411522 PMCID: PMC8023583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Morpheeins
are proteins that reversibly assemble into different
oligomers, whose architectures are governed by conformational changes
of the subunits. This property could be utilized in bionanotechnology
where the building of nanometric and new high-ordered structures is
required. By capitalizing on the adaptability of morpheeins to create
patterned structures and exploiting their inborn affinity toward inorganic
and living matter, “bottom-up” creation of nanostructures
could be achieved using a single protein building block, which may
be useful as such or as scaffolds for more complex materials. Peroxiredoxins
represent the paradigm of a morpheein that can be applied to bionanotechnology.
This review describes the structural and functional transitions that
peroxiredoxins undergo to form high-order oligomers, e.g., rings,
tubes, particles, and catenanes, and reports on the chemical and genetic
engineering approaches to employ them in the generation of responsive
nanostructures and nanodevices. The usefulness of the morpheeins’
behavior is emphasized, supporting their use in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ardini
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Bellelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", University of Roma "Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - David L Williams
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Luana Di Leandro
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Giansanti
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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22
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Zhang C, Zhang X, Zhao G. Ferritin Nanocage: A Versatile Nanocarrier Utilized in the Field of Food, Nutrition, and Medicine. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091894. [PMID: 32971961 PMCID: PMC7557750 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Compared with other nanocarriers such as liposomes, mesoporous silica, and cyclodextrin, ferritin as a typical protein nanocage has received considerable attention in the field of food, nutrition, and medicine owing to its inherent cavity size, excellent water solubility, and biocompatibility. Additionally, ferritin nanocage also serves as a versatile bio-template for the synthesis of a variety of nanoparticles. Recently, scientists have explored the ferritin nanocage structure for encapsulation and delivery of guest molecules such as nutrients, bioactive molecules, anticancer drugs, and mineral metal ions by taking advantage of its unique reversible disassembly and reassembly property and biomineralization. In this review, we mainly focus on the preparation and structure of ferritin-based nanocarriers, and regulation of their self-assembly. Moreover, the recent advances of their applications in food nutrient delivery and medical diagnostics are highlighted. Finally, the main challenges and future development in ferritin-directed nanoparticles’ synthesis and multifunctional applications are discussed.
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23
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Li H, Tan X, Xia X, Zang J, Wang Z, Du M. Thermal treatment modified the physicochemical properties of recombinant oyster (Crassostrea gigas) ferritin. Food Chem 2020; 314:126210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Purification and characterizations of a nanocage ferritin GF1 from oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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25
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Wang W, Wang L, Li G, Zhao G, Zhao X, Wang H. AB loop engineered ferritin nanocages for drug loading under benign experimental conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12344-12347. [PMID: 31556881 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human ferritin has been explored as a potential drug nanocarrier, but extreme conditions (pH ≤ 2.0) are required for the encapsulation of drugs. Here, by engineering the AB loop of ferritin, we obtained a new ferritin variant with no new pores, which can disassemble at pH 3.0 or 4.0 and reassemble at pH 7.0. Consequently, under mild conditions, drugs can be encapsulated within this new ferritin nanocage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Lele Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Guobang Li
- Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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26
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Jin Y, He J, Fan K, Yan X. Ferritin variants: inspirations for rationally designing protein nanocarriers. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:12449-12459. [PMID: 31231742 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03823j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin, a natural iron storage protein, is endowed with a unique structure, the ability to self-assemble and excellent physicochemical properties. Beyond these, genetic manipulation can easily tune the structure and functions of ferritin nanocages, which further expands the biomedical applications of ferritin. Here, we focus on human H-ferritin, a recently discovered ligand of transferrin receptor 1, to review its derived variants and related structures and properties. We hope this review will provide new insights into how to rationally design versatile protein cage nanocarriers for effective disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jiuyang He
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kelong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiyun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China. and Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 N Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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27
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Chen H, Zhou K, Wang Y, Zang J, Zhao G. Self-assembly of engineered protein nanocages into reversible ordered 3D superlattices mediated by zinc ions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11299-11302. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Zinc ion triggered self-assembly of re-engineered Dps nanocages into highly ordered architectures with a bcc structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- Beijing
| | - K. Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- Beijing
| | - Y. Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- Beijing
| | - J. Zang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- Beijing
| | - G. Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- Beijing
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28
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Zhou K, Chen H, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhao G. Disulfide-mediated reversible two-dimensional self-assembly of protein nanocages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7510-7513. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03085a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Disulfide-mediated 2D protein self-assembly was achieved by single point mutation of hot spots at the C4 interface of ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
| | - H. Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
| | - S. Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Y. Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
| | - G. Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083
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